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Ye D, Xie M, Liu T, Huang H, Zhang X, Yu H, Zheng Z, Wang Y, Tang Y, Li T. Physiological and molecular responses in phosphorus-hyperaccumulating Polygonum species to high phosphorus exposure. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2475-2490. [PMID: 38567814 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P)-hyperaccumulators for phytoextraction from P-polluted areas generally show rapid growth and accumulate large amounts of P without any toxicity symptom, which depends on a range of physiological processes and gene expression patterns that have never been explored. We investigated growth, leaf element concentrations, P fractions, photosynthetic traits, and leaf metabolome and transcriptome response in amphibious P-hyperaccumulators, Polygonum hydropiper and P. lapathifolium, to high-P exposure (5 mmol L-1), with 0.05 mmol L-1 as the control. Under high-P exposure, both species demonstrated good growth, allocating more P to metabolite P and inorganic P (Pi) accompanied by high potassium and calcium. The expression of a cluster of unigenes associated with photosynthesis was maintained or increased in P. lapathifolium, explaining the increase in net photosynthetic rate and the rapid growth under high-P exposure. Metabolites of trehalose metabolism, including trehalose 6-phosphate and trehalose, were sharply increased in both species by the high-P exposure, in line with the enhanced expression of associated unigenes, indicating that trehalose metabolic pathway was closely related to high-P tolerance. These findings elucidated the physiological and molecular responses involved in the photosynthesis and trehalose metabolism in P-hyperaccumulators to high-P exposure, and provides potential regulatory pathways to improve the P-phytoextraction capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daihua Ye
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Xie
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huagang Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xizhou Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zicheng Zheng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongdong Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Tang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingxuan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Chen M, Jiang P, Zhang X, Sunahara GI, Liu J, Yu G. Physiological and biochemical responses of Leersia hexandra Swartz to nickel stress: Insights into antioxidant defense mechanisms and metal detoxification strategies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133578. [PMID: 38306837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is widely considered as a cost-effective method for managing heavy metal soil pollution. Leersia hexandra Swartz shows a promising potential for the remediation of heavy metals pollution, including chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni). It is vital to understand the physiological and biochemical responses of L. hexandra to Ni stress to elucidate the mechanisms underlying Ni tolerance and accumulation. Here, we examined the metabolic and transcriptomic responses of L. hexandra exposed to 40 mg/L Ni for 24 h and 14 d. After 24-h Ni stress, gene expression of glutathione metabolic cycle (GSTF1, GSTU1 and MDAR4) and superoxide dismutase (SODCC2) was significantly increased in plant leaves. Furthermore, after 14-d Ni stress, the ascorbate peroxidase (APX7), superoxide dismutase (SODCP and SOD1), and catalase (CAT) gene expression was significantly upregulated, but that of glutathione metabolic cycle (EMB2360, GSTU1, GSTU6, GSH2, GPX6, and MDAR2) was downregulated. After 24-h Ni stress, the differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were mainly flavonoids (45%) and flavones (20%). However, after 14-d Ni stress, the DEMs were mainly carbohydrates and their derivatives (34%), amino acids and derivatives (15%), and organic acids and derivatives (8%). Results suggest that L. hexandra adopt distinct time-dependent antioxidant and metal detoxification strategies likely associated with intracellular reduction-oxidation balance. Novel insights into the molecular mechanisms responsible for Ni tolerance in plants are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouyixing Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- College of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Exploration for Hidden Metallic Ore Deposits, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China.
| | - Geoffrey I Sunahara
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Guo Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
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Roychowdhury A, Srivastava R, Akash, Shukla G, Zehirov G, Mishev K, Kumar R. Metabolic footprints in phosphate-starved plants. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:755-767. [PMID: 37363416 PMCID: PMC10284745 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01319-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Plants' requirement of Phosphorus (P) as an essential macronutrient is obligatory for their normal growth and metabolism. Besides restricting plants' primary growth, P depletion affects both primary and secondary metabolism and leads to altered levels of sugars, metabolites, amino acids, and other secondary compounds. Such metabolic shifts help plants optimize their metabolism and growth under P limited conditions. Under P deprivation, both sugar levels and their mobilization change that influences the expression of Pi starvation-inducible genes. Increased sugar repartitioning from shoot to root help root growth and organic acids secretion that in turn promotes phosphate (Pi) uptake from the soil. Other metabolic changes such as lipid remodeling or P reallocation from older to younger leaves release the P from its bound forms in the cell. In this review, we summarize the metabolic footprinting of Pi-starved plants with respect to the benefits offered by such metabolic changes to intracellular Pi homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Roychowdhury
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046 India
| | - Rajat Srivastava
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046 India
| | - Akash
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046 India
| | - Gyanesh Shukla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046 India
| | - Grigor Zehirov
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kiril Mishev
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046 India
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Iqbal A, Qiang D, Xiangru W, Huiping G, Hengheng Z, Xiling Z, Meizhen S. Integrative physiological, transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the involvement of carbon and flavonoid biosynthesis in low phosphorus tolerance in cotton. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:302-317. [PMID: 36738510 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient controlling plant growth and development through the regulation of basic metabolic processes; however, the molecular details of these pathways remain largely unknown. In this study, physiological, transcriptome, and metabolome analysis were compared for two cotton genotypes with different low P tolerance under P starvation and resupply. The results showed that the glucose, fructose, sucrose, and starch contents increased by 18.2%, 20.4%, 20.2%, and 14.3% in the roots and 18.3%, 23.3%, 11.0%, and 13.6% in the shoot of Jimian169 than DES926, respectively. Moreover, the activities of enzymes related to carbon and phosphorus metabolism were higher in the roots and shoots of Jimian169 than DES926. In addition, transcriptome analysis revealed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was higher in both roots (830) and shoots (730) under P starvation and the DEGs drastically reduced upon P resupply. The KEGG analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and photosynthesis. The metabolome analysis showed the enrichment of phenylpropanoid, organic acids and derivatives, and lipids in all the pairs at a given time point. The combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed that carbon metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis are involved in the P starvation response in cotton. Moreover, co-expression network analysis identified 3 hub genes in the roots and shoots that regulate the pathways involved in the P starvation response. This study provides the foundation for understanding the mechanisms of low P tolerance and the hub genes as a potential target for the development of low P tolerant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Dong Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Wang Xiangru
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China; Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Gui Huiping
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Zhang Hengheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Zhang Xiling
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China; Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, PR China.
| | - Song Meizhen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China; Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, PR China.
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5
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Gao S, Guo R, Liu Z, Hu Y, Guo J, Sun M, Shi L. Integration of the transcriptome and metabolome reveals the mechanism of resistance to low phosphorus in wild soybean seedling leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:406-417. [PMID: 36493589 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth, development, yield and quality are limited by barren soil. Soil phosphorus deficiency is one of the common factors causing soil barrenness. Plants have evolved morphological, physiological and molecular adaptations to resist to phosphorus deficiency. Wild soybean, a wild relative of cultivated soybean, has an obvious genetic relationship with cultivated soybean and has many beneficial characteristics such as strong low phosphorus resistance. Therefore, in this study, the integration analysis of transcriptome and metabolome of wild and cultivated soybean seedlings leaves were applied under phosphorus deficiency to reveal the mechanism of resistance to low phosphorus stress in wild soybean leaves, especially the key role of membrane phospholipid reuse and protection. Under phosphorus deficiency, wild soybean resisted low phosphorus stress by enhancing phosphorus reuse and strengthening membrane protection mechanisms, that is, by enhancing phospholipid metabolism, degrading membrane phospholipids, releasing phosphorus, increasing phosphorus reuse, and enhancing galactolipid biosynthesis. This, in turn, produced digalactosyl diacylglycerol to replace missing phospholipids for membrane maintenance and enhanced glutathione metabolism to protect the membrane system from damage. At the same time, phosphorus deficiency increased the levels of the intermediate metabolites glycine and ornithine, while significantly regulating the expression of transcription factors WRKY75 and MYB86. The enhancement of these metabolic pathways and the significant regulation of gene expression play an important role in improving the low phosphorus tolerance of wild soybean. This study will provide a useful theoretical basis for breeding soybean with low phosphorus tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Gao
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Rui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Yunan Hu
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Jixun Guo
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Mingzhou Sun
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Lianxuan Shi
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China.
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Soumya PR, Vengavasi K, Pandey R. Adaptive strategies of plants to conserve internal phosphorus under P deficient condition to improve P utilization efficiency. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1981-1993. [PMID: 36573147 PMCID: PMC9789281 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the limiting factors for plant growth and productivity due to its slow diffusion and immobilization in the soil which necessitates application of phosphatic fertilizers to meet the crop demand and obtain maximum yields. However, plants have evolved mechanisms to adapt to low P stress conditions either by increasing acquisition (alteration of belowground processes) or by internal inorganic P (Pi) utilization (cellular Pi homeostasis) or both. In this review, we have discussed the adaptive strategies that conserve the use of P and maintain cellular Pi homeostasis in the cytoplasm. These strategies involve modification in membrane lipid composition, flavanol/anthocyanin level, scavenging and reutilization of Pi adsorbed in cell wall pectin, remobilization of Pi during senescence by enzymes like RNases and purple acid phosphatases, alternative mitochondrial electron transport, and glycolytic pathways. The remobilization of Pi from senescing tissues and its internal redistribution to various cellular organelles is mediated by various Pi transporters. Although much efforts have been made to enhance P acquisition efficiency, an understanding of the physiological mechanisms conserving internal Pi and their manipulation would be useful for plants that can utilize P more efficiently to produce optimum growth per unit P uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preman R. Soumya
- Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
- Present Address: Regional Agricultural Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University, Ambalavayal, Wayanad, Kerala 673593 India
| | - Krishnapriya Vengavasi
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641007 India
| | - Renu Pandey
- Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
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7
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Silva FMDO, Bulgarelli RG, Mubeen U, Caldana C, Andrade SAL, Mazzafera P. Low phosphorus induces differential metabolic responses in eucalyptus species improving nutrient use efficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:989827. [PMID: 36186027 PMCID: PMC9520260 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.989827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a vital nutrient for plant growth. P availability is generally low in soils, and plant responses to low P availability need to be better understood. In a previous study, we studied the growth and physiological responses of 24 species to low P availability in the soil and verified of eucalypts, five (Eucalyptus acmenoides, E. grandis, E. globulus, E. tereticornis, and Corymbia maculata) contrasted regarding their efficiency and responsiveness to soil P availability. Here, we obtained the metabolomic and lipidomic profile of leaves, stems, and roots from these species growing under low (4.5 mg dm-3) and sufficient (10.8 mg dm-3) P in the soil. Disregarding the level of P in the soils, P allocation was always higher in the stems. However, when grown in the P-sufficient soil, the stems steadily were the largest compartment of the total plant P. Under low P, the relative contents of primary metabolites, such as amino acids, TCA cycle intermediates, organic acids and carbohydrates, changed differently depending on the species. Additionally, phosphorylated metabolites showed enhanced turnover or reductions. While photosynthetic efficiencies were not related to higher biomass production, A/Ci curves showed that reduced P availability increased the eucalypt species' Vcmax, Jmax and photosynthetic P-use efficiency. Plants of E. acmenoides increased galactolipids and sulfolipids in leaves more than other eucalypt species, suggesting that lipid remodelling can be a strategy to cope with the P shortage in this species. Our findings offer insights to understand genotypic efficiency among eucalypt species to accommodate primary metabolism under low soil P availability and eventually be used as biochemical markers for breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Umarah Mubeen
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Camila Caldana
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sara Adrian L. Andrade
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paulo Mazzafera
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Crop Production, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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The Role of Medicago lupulina Interaction with Rhizophagus irregularis in the Determination of Root Metabolome at Early Stages of AM Symbiosis. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182338. [PMID: 36145739 PMCID: PMC9501341 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The nature of plant–fungi interaction at early stages of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) development is still a puzzling problem. To investigate the processes behind this interaction, we used the Medicago lupulina MlS-1 line that forms high-efficient AM symbiosis with Rhizophagus irregularis. AM fungus actively colonizes the root system of the host plant and contributes to the formation of effective AM as characterized by a high mycorrhizal growth response (MGR) in the host plant. The present study is aimed at distinguishing the alterations in the M. lupulina root metabolic profile as an indicative marker of effective symbiosis. We examined the root metabolome at the 14th and 24th day after sowing and inoculation (DAS) with low substrate phosphorus levels. A GS-MS analysis detected 316 metabolites. Results indicated that profiles of M. lupulina root metabolites differed from those in leaves previously detected. The roots contained fewer sugars and organic acids. Hence, compounds supporting the growth of mycorrhizal fungus (especially amino acids, specific lipids, and carbohydrates) accumulated, and their presence coincided with intensive development of AM structures. Mycorrhization determined the root metabolite profile to a greater extent than host plant development. The obtained data highlight the importance of active plant–fungi metabolic interaction at early stages of host plant development for the determination of symbiotic efficiency.
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Nasr Esfahani M, Kusano M, Abdelrahman M, Nguyen KH, Watanabe Y, Mochida K, Burritt DJ, Tran LSP. Differential metabolic rearrangements in the roots and leaves of Cicer arietinum caused by single or double nitrate and/or phosphate deficiencies. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:1643-1659. [PMID: 35862290 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3 - ) and phosphate (Pi) deficiencies are the major constraints for chickpea productivity, significantly impacting global food security. However, excessive fertilization is expensive and can also lead to environmental pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop chickpea cultivars that are able to grow on soils deficient in both NO3 - and Pi. This study focused on the identification of key NO3 - and/or Pi starvation-responsive metabolic pathways in the leaves and roots of chickpea grown under single and double nutrient deficiencies of NO3 - and Pi, in comparison with nutrient-sufficient conditions. A global metabolite analysis revealed organ-specific differences in the metabolic adaptation to nutrient deficiencies. Moreover, we found stronger adaptive responses in the roots and leaves to any single than combined nutrient-deficient stresses. For example, chickpea enhanced the allocation of carbon among nitrogen-rich amino acids (AAs) and increased the production of organic acids in roots under NO3 - deficiency, whereas this adaptive response was not found under double nutrient deficiency. Nitrogen remobilization through the transport of AAs from leaves to roots was greater under NO3 - deficiency than double nutrient deficiency conditions. Glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate accumulated in the roots under single nutrient deficiencies, but not under double nutrient deficiency, and higher glycolytic pathway activities were observed in both roots and leaves under single nutrient deficiency than double nutrient deficiency. Hence, the simultaneous deficiency generated a unique profile of metabolic changes that could not be simply described as the result of the combined deficiencies of the two nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miyako Kusano
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Molecular Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, Galala University, Suze, new Galala, 43511, Egypt
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Kien Huu Nguyen
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yasuko Watanabe
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-0813, Japan
- RIKEN Baton Zone Program, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - David J Burritt
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79409, USA
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10
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Dissection of Crop Metabolome Responses to Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Other Nutrient Deficiencies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169079. [PMID: 36012343 PMCID: PMC9409218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Crop growth and yield often face sophisticated environmental stresses, especially the low availability of mineral nutrients in soils, such as deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and others. Thus, it is of great importance to understand the mechanisms of crop response to mineral nutrient deficiencies, as a basis to contribute to genetic improvement and breeding of crop varieties with high nutrient efficiency for sustainable agriculture. With the advent of large-scale omics approaches, the metabolome based on mass spectrometry has been employed as a powerful and useful technique to dissect the biochemical, molecular, and genetic bases of metabolisms in many crops. Numerous metabolites have been demonstrated to play essential roles in plant growth and cellular stress response to nutrient limitations. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to summarize the recent advances in the dissection of crop metabolism responses to deficiencies of mineral nutrients, as well as the underlying adaptive mechanisms. This review is intended to provide insights into and perspectives on developing crop varieties with high nutrient efficiency through metabolite-based crop improvement.
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Monei N, Hitch M, Heim J, Pourret O, Heilmeier H, Wiche O. Effect of substrate properties and phosphorus supply on facilitating the uptake of rare earth elements (REE) in mixed culture cropping systems of Hordeum vulgare, Lupinus albus and Lupinus angustifolius. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57172-57189. [PMID: 35349058 PMCID: PMC9395493 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19775-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This study presents how phosphate (P) availability and intercropping may influence the migration of rare earth elements (REEs) in legume-grass associations. In a replacement model, Hordeum vulgare was intercropped with 11% Lupinus albus and 11% Lupinus angustifolius. They were cultivated on two substrates, A (pH = 7.8) and B (pH = 6.6), and treated with 1.5 g P m-2 or 3 g P m-2. Simultaneously, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to quantify carboxylate release. There, one group of L. albus and L. angustifolius was supplied with either 200 µmol L-1 P or 20 µmol L-1 P. L. albus released higher amounts of carboxylates at low P supply than L. angustifolius, while L. angustifolius showed the opposite response. Plants cultivated on substrate B accumulated substantially higher amounts of nutrients and REE, compared to substrate A. Higher P supply did not influence the leaf and stem P concentrations of H. vulgare. Addition of P decreased REE accumulation in barley monocultures on alkaline soil A. However, when H. vulgare was cultivated in mixed culture with L. angustifolius on alkaline substrate A with high P supply, the accumulation of REE in H. vulgare significantly increased. Conversely, on acidic substrate B, intercropping with L. albus decreased REE accumulation in H. vulgare. Our findings suggest a predominant effect of soil properties on the soil-plant transfer of REEs. However, in plant communities and within a certain soil environment, interspecific root interactions determined by species-specific strategies related to P acquisition in concert with the plant's nutrient supply impact REE fluxes between neighbouring plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nthati Monei
- Institute of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
- Biology/Ecology Unit, Institute of Biosciences, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hitch
- Institute of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
- Western Australian School of Mines, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Juliane Heim
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Biosciences, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | | | - Hermann Heilmeier
- Biology/Ecology Unit, Institute of Biosciences, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Wiche
- Biology/Ecology Unit, Institute of Biosciences, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany.
- AGHYLE, UniLaSalle, Beauvais, France.
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12
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Cocozza C, Bartolini P, Brunetti C, Miozzi L, Pignattelli S, Podda A, Scippa GS, Trupiano D, Rotunno S, Brilli F, Maserti BE. Modulation of class III peroxidase pathways and phenylpropanoids in Arundo donax under salt and phosphorus stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 183:151-159. [PMID: 35598532 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arundo donax L. is an invasive species that has been recently employed for biomass production due to its well-known ability to colonize harsh environment. Based on previous observations, the present study investigated the potential role of phenylpropanoids and class III peroxidases to confer adaptation through biochemical and transcriptomic analysis in A. donax after Na+ and P excess supply, both in single stress and in combination, and after growth at low P level. The levels of hydrogen peroxide, flavonoids (i.e., quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol derivatives) and the activity of class III peroxidases, as well as the expression of several genes encoding for their enzymes involved in their biosynthesis, increased when Na+ was supplied in combination with P. These results suggest that those biomolecules are involved in the response of A. donax, to the presence of +Na and P in the soil. Moreover, even though at the sampling time no significant accumulation of lignin has been determined, the trend of accumulation of such metabolite and most of all the increase of several transcripts involved in its synthesis was found. This work for the first time indicates the need for further investigation devoted to elucidating whether the strengthening of cell walls via lignin synthesis is one of the mechanisms used by A. donax to adapt to harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cocozza
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, 50145, Florence, Italy.
| | - P Bartolini
- CNR-IPSP- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - C Brunetti
- CNR-IPSP- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - L Miozzi
- CNR-IPSP- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - S Pignattelli
- CNR-IBBR - Institute of Biosciences and Bioresourses, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - A Podda
- CNR-IPSP- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - G S Scippa
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090, Pesche, Italy
| | - D Trupiano
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090, Pesche, Italy
| | - S Rotunno
- CNR-IPSP- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy; Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090, Pesche, Italy
| | - F Brilli
- CNR-IPSP- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - B E Maserti
- CNR-IPSP- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
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13
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Wu BS, Zhang J, Huang WL, Yang LT, Huang ZR, Guo J, Wu J, Chen LS. Molecular mechanisms for pH-mediated amelioration of aluminum-toxicity revealed by conjoint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome in Citrus sinensis roots. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134335. [PMID: 35339530 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of pH-aluminum (Al) interactions on gene expression and/or metabolite profiles in plants. Eleven-week-old seedlings of Citrus sinensis were fertilized with nutrient solution at an Al level of 0 or 1 mM and a pH of 3.0 or 4.0 for 18 weeks. Increased pH mitigated Al-toxicity-induced accumulation of callose, an Al-sensitive marker. In this study, we identified more differentially expressed genes and differentially abundant metabolites in pH 4.0 + 1 mM Al-treated roots (P4AR) vs pH 4.0 + 0 mM Al-treated roots (P4R) than in pH 3.0 + 1 mM Al-treated roots (P3AR) vs pH 3.0 + 0 mM Al-treated roots (P3R), suggesting that increased pH enhanced root metabolic adaptations to Al-toxicity. Further analysis indicated that increased pH-mediated mitigation of root Al-toxicity might be related to several factors, including: enhanced capacity to maintain the homeostasis of phosphate and energy and the balance between generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species and aldehydes; and elevated accumulation of secondary metabolites such as polyphenol, proanthocyanidins and phenolamides and adaptations of cell wall and plasma membrane to Al-toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Sha Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei-Lin Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lin-Tong Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zeng-Rong Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiuxin Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jincheng Wu
- College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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14
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Yan M, Chen SQ, Deng TY, Cheng YC, Lin HH, Yang J. Combined metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis evidences the interaction between sugars and phosphate in rice. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 274:153713. [PMID: 35605383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the macro-elements required by plants, but phosphate (Pi), the only form that can be absorbed by plants, is always limited for plant growth and development. To adapt to Pi deficiency, plants have evolved a complex regulatory system to improve Pi acquisition and utilization efficiency. In this study, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed to exam the global metabolites and gene expressions profiles responding to Pi deficiency in rice. A total of 23 metabolites were co-changed in leaves and roots after Pi deficiency, with sucrose, trehalose and melibiose significant accumulated. A total of 779 genes were co-changed in these leaves and roots. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes and differentially accumulated metabolites were co-enriched in galactose metabolism. Further exogenous sugars supply with rice roots could induce Pi starvation responsiveness and the expression of OsPHR2, which codes the central regulator for Pi starvation responsiveness in rice. This work revealed the interaction between sugars and phosphate in rice, and the importance of OsPHR2 in this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Si-Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting-Yue Deng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong-Chao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Hui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
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15
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Han Y, Hong W, Xiong C, Lambers H, Sun Y, Xu Z, Schulze WX, Cheng L. Combining analyses of metabolite profiles and phosphorus fractions to explore high phosphorus utilization efficiency in maize. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4184-4203. [PMID: 35303743 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) limitation is a significant factor restricting crop production in agricultural systems, and enhancing the internal P utilization efficiency (PUE) of crops plays an important role in ensuring sustainable P use in agriculture. To better understand how P is remobilized to affect crop growth, we first screened P-efficient (B73 and GEMS50) and P-inefficient (Liao5114) maize genotypes at the same shoot P content, and then analyzed P pools and performed non-targeted metabolomic analyses to explore changes in cellular P fractions and metabolites in maize genotypes with contrasting PUE. We show that lipid P and nucleic acid P concentrations were significantly lower in lower leaves of P-efficient genotypes, and these P pools were remobilized to a major extent in P-efficient genotypes. Broad metabolic alterations were evident in leaves of P-efficient maize genotypes, particularly affecting products of phospholipid turnover and phosphorylated compounds, and the shikimate biosynthesis pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that P-efficient genotypes have a high capacity to remobilize lipid P and nucleic acid P and promote the shikimate pathway towards efficient P utilization in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Department of Plant Nutrient, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Academy of National Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wanting Hong
- Department of Plant Nutrient, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Academy of National Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Chuanyong Xiong
- Department of Plant Nutrient, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Academy of National Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Hans Lambers
- Department of Plant Nutrient, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Academy of National Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Plant Nutrient, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Academy of National Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zikai Xu
- Department of Plant Nutrient, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Academy of National Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Waltraud X Schulze
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lingyun Cheng
- Department of Plant Nutrient, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Academy of National Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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16
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Dokwal D, Cocuron JC, Alonso AP, Dickstein R. Metabolite shift in Medicago truncatula occurs in phosphorus deprivation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2093-2111. [PMID: 34971389 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation entails successful interaction between legume hosts and rhizobia that occur in specialized organs called nodules. N-fixing legumes have a higher demand for phosphorus (P) than legumes grown on mineral N. Medicago truncatula is an important model plant for characterization of effects of P deficiency at the molecular level. Hence, a study was carried out to address the alteration in metabolite levels of M. truncatula grown aeroponically and subjected to 4 weeks of P stress. First, GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics initially revealed changes in the metabolic profile of nodules, with increased levels of amino acids and sugars and a decline in amounts of organic acids. Subsequently, LC-MS/MS was used to quantify these compounds including phosphorylated metabolites in the whole plant. Our results showed a drastic reduction in levels of organic acids and phosphorylated compounds in -P leaves, with a moderate reduction in -P roots and nodules. Additionally, sugars and amino acids were elevated in the whole plant under P deprivation. These findings provide evidence that N fixation in M. truncatula is mediated through a N feedback mechanism that in parallel is related to carbon and P metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Dokwal
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | | | - Ana Paula Alonso
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Rebecca Dickstein
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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17
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Sun J, Duan Z, Zhang Y, Cao S, Tang Z, Abozeid A. Metabolite Profiles Provide Insights into Underlying Mechanism in Bupleurum (Apiaceae) in Response to Three Levels of Phosphorus Fertilization. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:752. [PMID: 35336634 PMCID: PMC8952368 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency affects plant yield and quality, yet at the same time, excessive phosphorus application does not necessarily promote the growth of plants. How to maintain a balance between biomass accumulation and phosphorus application is a problem. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between yield and quality of Bupleurum and phosphorus fertilization, based on three phosphorus fertilization levels (20 kg∙ha-1; 10 kg∙ha-1; and 0 kg∙ha-1). We adopted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to assess the response of primary metabolites of different plant tissues (flowers, main shoots, lateral shoots and roots) to phosphorus fertilization. At the same time, high-performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify saikosaponin A and saikosaponin D, the main active ingredients of Bupleurum. Our research showed that low phosphorus level application has a positive impact on the yield and quality of Bupleurum, especially the above-ground parts increasing the fresh weight of flowers and lateral shoots and the length of main shoots, and moreover, increasing the saikosaponins content in all above-ground parts while decreasing the content in roots which show no significance increase in fresh weight and length. However, high phosphorus level showed a negative impact as it decreases the saikosaponins content significantly in flowers and roots. Furthermore, phosphorus application changed the proportion of saikosaponins, promoting the content of saikosaponin A and inhibiting the content of saikosaponin D in most organs of Bupleurum. Therefore, we can say that high phosphorus application is not preferable to the yield and quality of Bupleurum. To identify the metabolic pathways and special key metabolites, a total of 73 metabolites were discovered, and four differential metabolites-ether, glycerol, chlorogenic and L-rhamnose-were considered to be the key metabolites of Bupleurum's response to phosphorus fertilization. Furthermore, Bupleurum's response to phosphorus fertilization was mainly related to metabolic pathways, such as starch and sucrose metabolism and galactose metabolism. Under the phosphorus level, the content of sugars, organic acids and their derivatives, polyols and their derivatives and alkyl were upregulated in flowers. Furthermore, the contents of compounds in the main shoot and lateral shoots showed the same upward trend, except glycosides and polyols and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (J.S.); (Z.D.); (Y.Z.)
- Biological Science and Technology Department, Heilongjiang Vocational College for Nationalities, Harbin 150066, China
| | - Zejia Duan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (J.S.); (Z.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (J.S.); (Z.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Sisi Cao
- Medical Department, Harbin Vocational & Technical College, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Zhonghua Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (J.S.); (Z.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ann Abozeid
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkoom 32511, Egypt
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18
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Xie W, Hodge A, Hao Z, Fu W, Guo L, Zhang X, Chen B. Increased Carbon Partitioning to Secondary Metabolites Under Phosphorus Deficiency in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Is Modulated by Plant Growth Stage and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:876192. [PMID: 35720585 PMCID: PMC9201690 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.876192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the macronutrients limiting plant growth. Plants regulate carbon (C) allocation and partitioning to cope with P deficiency, while such strategy could potentially be influenced by plant growth stage and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. In a greenhouse pot experiment using licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) as the host plant, we investigated C allocation belowground and partitioning in roots of P-limited plants in comparison with P-sufficient plants under different mycorrhization status in two plant growth stages. The experimental results indicated that increased C allocation belowground by P limitation was observed only in non-AM plants in the early growth stage. Although root C partitioning to secondary metabolites (SMs) in the non-AM plants was increased by P limitation as expected, trade-off patterns were different between the two growth stages, with C partitioning to SMs at the expense of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) in the early growth stage but at the expense of root growth in the late growth stage. These changes, however, largely disappeared because of AM symbiosis, where more root C was partitioned to root growth and AM fungus without any changes in C allocation belowground and partitioning to SMs under P limitations. The results highlighted that besides assisting with plant P acquisition, AM symbiosis may alter plant C allocation and partitioning to improve plant tolerance to P deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Angela Hodge
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Zhipeng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhipeng Hao,
| | - Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Baodong Chen,
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19
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Buoso S, Zamboni A, Franco A, Commisso M, Guzzo F, Varanini Z, Pinton R, Tomasi N, Zanin L. Nodulating white lupins take advantage of the reciprocal interplay between N and P nutritional responses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13607. [PMID: 34837246 PMCID: PMC9303408 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The low bioavailability of nutrients, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), is one of the most limiting factors for crop production. In this study, under N- and P-free nutrient solution (-N-P), nodulating white lupin plants developed some nodules and analogous cluster root structures characterized by different morphological, physiological, and molecular responses than those observed upon single nutrient deficiency (strong acidification of external media, a better nutritional status than -N+P and +N-P plants). The multi-elemental analysis highlighted that the concentrations of nutrients in white lupin plants were mainly affected by P availability. Gene-expression analyses provided evidence of interconnections between N and P nutritional pathways that are active to promote N and P balance in plants. The root exudome was mainly characterized by N availability in nutrient solution, and, in particular, the absence of N and P in the nutrient solution triggered a high release of phenolic compounds, nucleosides monophosphate and saponines by roots. These morphological, physiological, and molecular responses result from a close interplay between N and P nutritional pathways. They contribute to the good development of nodulating white lupin plants when grown on N- and P-free media. This study provides evidence that limited N and P availability in the nutrient solution can promote white lupin-Bradyrhizobium symbiosis, which is favourable for the sustainability of legume production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Buoso
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Anita Zamboni
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Alessandro Franco
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Mauro Commisso
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Flavia Guzzo
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Zeno Varanini
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Roberto Pinton
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Nicola Tomasi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Laura Zanin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
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20
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Research and Progress on the Mechanism of Iron Transfer and Accumulation in Rice Grains. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10122610. [PMID: 34961081 PMCID: PMC8708893 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is one of the most important micronutrients for organisms. Currently, Fe deficiency is a growing nutritional problem and is becoming a serious threat to human health worldwide. A method that could help alleviate this “hidden hunger” is increasing the bioavailable Fe concentrations in edible tissues of major food crops. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of Fe accumulation in different crop tissues will help to develop crops with higher Fe nutritional values. Biofortification significantly increases the concentration of Fe in crops. This paper considers the important food crop of rice (Oryza sativa L.) as an example and highlights recent research advances on the molecular mechanisms of Fe uptake and allogeneic uptake in different tissues of rice. In addition, different approaches to the biofortification of Fe nutrition in rice and their outcomes are described and discussed. To address the problems that occur during the development and application of improving nutritional Fe in rice, technical strategies and long-term solutions are also proposed as a reference for the future improvement of staple food nutrition with micronutrients.
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Chen W, Zhou M, Zhao M, Chen R, Tigabu M, Wu P, Li M, Ma X. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into the root response of Chinese fir to phosphorus deficiency. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:525. [PMID: 34758730 PMCID: PMC8579613 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus is one of the essential elements for plant growth and development, but available phosphorus (Pi) content in many soil types is low. As a fast-growing tree species for timber production, Chinese fir is in great demand of Pi, and the lack of Pi in soil restricts the increase of productivity of Chinese fir plantation. Root morphology and the synthesis and secretion of organic acids play an important role in the uptake of phosphorus, but the molecular mechanisms of Chinese fir root responses to Pi deficiency are largely unexplored. In this study, seedlings of Yang 061 clone were grown under three Pi supply levels (0, 5 and 10 mg·L-1 P) and morphological attributes, organic acid content and enzyme activity were measured. The transcriptome data of Chinese fir root system were obtained and the expression levels of phosphorus responsive genes and organic acid synthesis related genes on citric acid and glyoxylate cycle pathway were determined. RESULTS We annotated 50,808 Unigenes from the transcriptome of Chinese fir roots. Among differentially expressed genes, seven genes of phosphate transporter family and 17 genes of purple acid phosphatase family were up-regulated by Pi deficiency, two proteins of SPX domain were up-regulated and one was down-regulated. The metabolic pathways of the citric acid and glyoxylate cycle pathway were mapped, and the expression characteristics of the related Unigenes under different phosphorus treatments were analyzed. The genes involved in malic acid and citric acid synthesis were up-regulated, and the activities of the related enzymes were significantly enhanced under long-term Pi stress. The contents of citric acid and malic acid in the roots of Chinese fir increased after 30 days of Pi deficiency. CONCLUSION Chinese fir roots showed increased expression of genes related with phosphorus starvation, citrate and malate synthesis genes, increased content of organic acids, and enhanced activities of related enzymes under Pi deficiency. The results provide a new insight for revealing the molecular mechanism of adaption to Pi deficiency and the pathway of organic acid synthesis in Chinese fir roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Chen
- Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Chinese Fir Engineering and Technological Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Mengyan Zhou
- Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Mingzhen Zhao
- Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Ranhong Chen
- Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Mulualem Tigabu
- Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Chinese Fir Engineering and Technological Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Southern Swedish Forest Research Center, Faculty of Forest Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 49, Alnarp, SE-230 53, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Chinese Fir Engineering and Technological Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Ming Li
- Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
- Chinese Fir Engineering and Technological Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Xiangqing Ma
- Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
- Chinese Fir Engineering and Technological Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
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22
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Fan X, Zhou X, Chen H, Tang M, Xie X. Cross-Talks Between Macro- and Micronutrient Uptake and Signaling in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:663477. [PMID: 34721446 PMCID: PMC8555580 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.663477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In nature, land plants as sessile organisms are faced with multiple nutrient stresses that often occur simultaneously in soil. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) are five of the essential nutrients that affect plant growth and health. Although these minerals are relatively inaccessible to plants due to their low solubility and relative immobilization, plants have adopted coping mechanisms for survival under multiple nutrient stress conditions. The double interactions between N, Pi, S, Zn, and Fe have long been recognized in plants at the physiological level. However, the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying these cross-talks in plants remain poorly understood. This review preliminarily examined recent progress and current knowledge of the biochemical and physiological interactions between macro- and micro-mineral nutrients in plants and aimed to focus on the cross-talks between N, Pi, S, Zn, and Fe uptake and homeostasis in plants. More importantly, we further reviewed current studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying the cross-talks between N, Pi, S, Zn, and Fe homeostasis to better understand how these nutrient interactions affect the mineral uptake and signaling in plants. This review serves as a basis for further studies on multiple nutrient stress signaling in plants. Overall, the development of an integrative study of multiple nutrient signaling cross-talks in plants will be of important biological significance and crucial to sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Le Thanh T, Hufnagel B, Soriano A, Divol F, Brottier L, Casset C, Péret B, Doumas P, Marquès L. Dynamic Development of White Lupin Rootlets Along a Cluster Root. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:738172. [PMID: 34557216 PMCID: PMC8452988 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.738172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
White lupin produces cluster roots in response to phosphorus deficiency. Along the cluster root, numerous short rootlets successively appear, creating a spatial and temporal gradient of developmental stages that constitutes a powerful biological model to study the dynamics of the structural and functional evolution of these organs. The present study proposes a fine histochemical, transcriptomic and functional analysis of the rootlet development from its emergence to its final length. Between these two stages, the tissue structures of the rootlets were observed, the course of transcript expressions for the genes differentially expressed was monitored and some physiological events linked to Pi nutrition were followed. A switch between (i) a growing phase, in which a normal apical meristem is present and (ii) a specialized phase for nutrition, in which the rootlet is completely differentiated, was highlighted. In the final stage of its determinate growth, the rootlet is an organ with a very active metabolism, especially for the solubilization and absorption of several nutrients. This work discusses how the transition between a growing to a determinate state in response to nutritional stresses is found in other species and underlines the fundamental dilemma of roots between soil exploration and soil exploitation.
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24
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Zhang Y, Chen H, Liang Y, Lu T, Liu Z, Jin X, Hou L, Xu J, Zhao H, Shi Y, Ahammed GJ. Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the protective effects of silicon against low phosphorus stress in tomato plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:78-87. [PMID: 34090123 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient controlling plant growth and development through the regulation of basic metabolic processes. Soil P deficiency is one of the major limiting factors for sustainable crop production worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated that silicon (Si), as a beneficial element, promotes plant nutrition, growth, development, and responses to low P (LP) stress; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying Si-mediated LP tolerance remain largely unclear. Here, we found that LP + Si treatment increased the net photosynthetic rate and shoot fresh weight by 34.3%, and 121.3%, respectively compared with LP alone. RNA-sequencing and metabolomic analyses were subsequently performed with tomato plants grown under control and P depleted conditions with or without Si amendment. RNA-sequencing showed that Si supply alters not only the expression of genes involved in the metabolism of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and P but also phosphorylation processes and metabolism of glutathione and reactive active oxygen in tomato roots. Si also affected the expression of genes encoding major transcription factors such as WRKY and MYB under LP stress. Moreover, a set of genes encoding the enzymes or regulators of organic acid (OA) metabolism or secretion were differentially expressed in Si-treated P deficient roots compared with those in LP stress alone. Furthermore, the metabolomic analysis showed that the levels of several OAs were significantly elevated in Si-treated P deficient roots. Taken together, these results indicate that exogenous Si increases the secretion of OAs by modulating C/N metabolism in LP-treated tomato roots and thereby improving plant growth under LP stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Haoting Chen
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Ying Liang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqian Liu
- Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Xiu Jin
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Leiping Hou
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Jin Xu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Hailiang Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu Shi
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China.
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25
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Zhao H, Yang A, Kong L, Xie F, Wang H, Ao X. Proteome characterization of two contrasting soybean genotypes in response to different phosphorus treatments. AOB PLANTS 2021; 13:plab019. [PMID: 34150189 PMCID: PMC8209930 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for the growth and development of plants. Soybean (Glycine max) is an important food crop that is grown worldwide. Soybean yield is significantly affected by P deficiency in the soil. To investigate the molecular factors that determine the response and tolerance at low-P in soybean, we conducted a comparative proteomics study of a genotype with low-P tolerance (Liaodou 13, L13) and a genotype with low-P sensitivity (Tiefeng 3, T3) in a paper culture experiment with three P treatments, i.e. P-free (0 mmol·L-1), low-P (0.05 mmol·L-1) and normal-P (0.5 mmol·L-1). A total of 4126 proteins were identified in roots of the two genotypes. Increased numbers of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained from low-P to P-free conditions compared to the normal-P treatment. All DEPs obtained in L13 (660) were upregulated in response to P deficiency, while most DEPs detected in T3 (133) were downregulated under P deficiency. Important metabolic pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione metabolism and carbon metabolism were suppressed in T3, which could have affected the survival of the plants in P-limited soil. In contrast, L13 increased the metabolic activity in the 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism, carbon metabolism, glycolysis, biosynthesis of amino acids, pentose phosphatase, oxidative phosphorylation, other types of O-glycan biosynthesis and riboflavin metabolic pathways in order to maintain normal plant growth under P deficiency. Three key proteins I1KW20 (prohibitins), I1K3U8 (alpha-amylase inhibitors) and C6SZ93 (alpha-amylase inhibitors) were suggested as potential biomarkers for screening soybean genotypes with low-P tolerance. Overall, this study provides new insights into the response and tolerance to P deficiency in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ahui Yang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Lingjian Kong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Futi Xie
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xue Ao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Epichloë gansuensis Increases the Tolerance of Achnatherum inebrians to Low-P Stress by Modulating Amino Acids Metabolism and Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7050390. [PMID: 34067720 PMCID: PMC8156409 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the long-term evolutionary process, Achnatherum inebrians and seed-borne endophytic fungi, Epichloë gansuensis, formed a mutually beneficial symbiosis relationship, and Epichloë gansuensis has an important biological role in improving the tolerance of host grasses to abiotic stress. In this work, we first assessed the effects of Epichloë gansuensis on dry weight, the content of C, N, P and metal ions, and metabolic pathway of amino acids, and phosphorus utilization efficiency (PUE) of Achnatherum inebrians at low P stress. Our results showed that the dry weights, the content of alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, glutamine, glutamic acid, L-asparagine, lysine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, and tryptophan were higher in leaves of Epichloë gansuensis-infected (E+) Achnatherum inebrians than Epichloë gansuensis-uninfected (E−) Achnatherum inebrians at low P stress. Further, Epichloë gansuensis increased C content of roots compared to the root of E− plant at 0.01 mM P and 0.5 mM P; Epichloëgansuensis increased K content of leaves compared to the leaf of E− plant at 0.01 mM P and 0.5 mM P. Epichloëgansuensis reduced Ca content of roots compared to the root of E− plant at 0.01 mM P and 0.5 mM P; Epichloë gansuensis reduced the content of Mg and Fe in leaves compared to the leaf of E− plant at 0.01 mM P and 0.5 mM P. In addition, at low P stress, Epichloë gansuensis most probably influenced aspartate and glutamate metabolism; valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis in leaves; and arginine and proline metabolism; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism in roots. Epichloë gansuensis also affected the content of organic acid and stress-related metabolites at low P stress. In conclusion, Epichloë gansuensis improves Achnatherum inebrians growth at low P stress by regulating the metabolic pathway of amino acids, amino acids content, organic acid content, and increasing PUE.
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27
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Morphological and Metabolite Responses of Potatoes under Various Phosphorus Levels and Their Amelioration by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105162. [PMID: 34068175 PMCID: PMC8153024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low phosphorus (P) availability is a major limiting factor for potatoes. P fertilizer is applied to enhance P availability; however, it may become toxic when plants accumulate at high concentrations. Therefore, it is necessary to gain more knowledge of the morphological and biochemical processes associated with P deficiency and toxicity for potatoes, as well as to explore an alternative approach to ameliorate the P deficiency condition. A comprehensive study was conducted (I) to assess plant morphology, mineral allocation, and metabolites of potatoes in response to P deficiency and toxicity; and (II) to evaluate the potency of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in improving plant biomass, P uptake, and metabolites at low P levels. The results revealed a reduction in plant height and biomass by 60–80% under P deficiency compared to P optimum. P deficiency and toxicity conditions also altered the mineral concentration and allocation in plants due to nutrient imbalance. The stress induced by both P deficiency and toxicity was evident from an accumulation of proline and total free amino acids in young leaves and roots. Furthermore, root metabolite profiling revealed that P deficiency reduced sugars by 50–80% and organic acids by 20–90%, but increased amino acids by 1.5–14.8 times. However, the effect of P toxicity on metabolic changes in roots was less pronounced. Under P deficiency, PGPR significantly improved the root and shoot biomass, total root length, and root surface area by 32–45%. This finding suggests the potency of PGPR inoculation to increase potato plant tolerance under P deficiency.
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28
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Pei L, Liu J, Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Li H. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling reveals the protective role of anthocyanins in alleviating low phosphate stress in maize. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:889-905. [PMID: 34108822 PMCID: PMC8140177 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00981-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Anthocyanin accumulation is a characteristic response to phosphate (Pi) deficiency in plants. In the present study, we investigated the role of maize anthocyanins (MA) in alleviating low Pi (LP) stress in maize (Zea mays L). To this end, maize plants were exposed to LP conditions and treated with or without (control) MA. Interestingly, MA-treated maize plants showed relieved growth inhibition, reproductive development retardation, and yield loss compared to control plants under LP stress. Moreover, the level of oxidative destruction was significantly alleviated in MA-treated plants compared to the untreated control under conditions of LP stress. Acid phosphatase (APase) activity was significantly higher in MA-treated plants than in control plants, resulting in enhanced Pi mobilization and recycling. The results of the transcriptome analysis suggested that genes involved in photosynthesis, photosystem light harvesting, Pi transport, and recycling were differentially expressed between MA-treated plants and control plants. Moreover, metabolome analysis indicated higher sugar and organic acid levels and lower phosphorylated metabolite contents in MA-treated plants than in control plants, which was consistent with the results of the comparative transcriptome analysis. Taken together, our findings indicate that MA plays critical roles in alleviating LP stress in maize plants, probably by improving photosynthetic performance and increasing Pi mobilization and recycling. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-00981-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laming Pei
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022 China
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29
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Muhammad II, Abdullah SNA, Saud HM, Shaharuddin NA, Isa NM. The Dynamic Responses of Oil Palm Leaf and Root Metabolome to Phosphorus Deficiency. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11040217. [PMID: 33918321 PMCID: PMC8066361 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) starvation is an important abiotic constraint that affects plant cellular homeostasis, especially in tropical regions with high acidic soil and less solubilizable Pi. In the current work, oil palm seedlings were hydroponically maintained under optimal Pi-supply and no Pi-supply conditions for 14 days, and metabolites were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), from leaves and roots, after seven and 14 days of treatment, to investigate biochemical pathways in relation to P-utilizing strategy. After seven days of limited Pi, plant leaves showed increased levels of most soluble sugars, and after 14 days, the sugars' level decrease, except for erythritol, mannose, fructose, and glucose, which showed the highest levels. Rather in root samples, there were different but overlapping alterations, mainly on sugars, amino acids, and organic acids. The leaf sample was shown to have the highest response of sugars with myo-inositol playing a vital role in the redistribution of sugars, while maltose levels increased, indicating active degradation of starch in the root. High levels of glycerol and stearate in both roots and leaves suggest the metabolism of storage lipids for cellular energy during Pi-deficient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isiaka Ibrahim Muhammad
- Laboratory of Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Siti Nor Akmar Abdullah
- Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +603-9769-1044
| | - Halimi Mohd Saud
- Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Noor Azmi Shaharuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Nurulfiza Mat Isa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
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30
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Pueyo JJ, Quiñones MA, Coba de la Peña T, Fedorova EE, Lucas MM. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Interplay in Lupin Root Nodules and Cluster Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:644218. [PMID: 33747024 PMCID: PMC7966414 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.644218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two major plant nutrients, and their deficiencies often limit plant growth and crop yield. The uptakes of N or P affect each other, and consequently, understanding N-P interactions is fundamental. Their signaling mechanisms have been studied mostly separately, and integrating N-P interactive regulation is becoming the aim of some recent works. Lupins are singular plants, as, under N and P deficiencies, they are capable to develop new organs, the N2-fixing symbiotic nodules, and some species can also transform their root architecture to form cluster roots, hundreds of short rootlets that alter their metabolism to induce a high-affinity P transport system and enhance synthesis and secretion of organic acids, flavonoids, proteases, acid phosphatases, and proton efflux. These modifications lead to mobilization in the soil of, otherwise unavailable, P. White lupin (Lupinus albus) represents a model plant to study cluster roots and for understanding plant acclimation to nutrient deficiency. It tolerates simultaneous P and N deficiencies and also enhances uptake of additional nutrients. Here, we present the structural and functional modifications that occur in conditions of P and N deficiencies and lead to the organogenesis and altered metabolism of nodules and cluster roots. Some known N and P signaling mechanisms include different factors, including phytohormones and miRNAs. The combination of the individual N and P mechanisms uncovers interactive regulation pathways that concur in nodules and cluster roots. L. albus interlinks N and P recycling processes both in the plant itself and in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J. Pueyo
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ICA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena E. Fedorova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
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31
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Ding N, Huertas R, Torres‐Jerez I, Liu W, Watson B, Scheible W, Udvardi M. Transcriptional, metabolic, physiological and developmental responses of switchgrass to phosphorus limitation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:186-202. [PMID: 32822068 PMCID: PMC7821211 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Knowing how switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) responds and adapts to phosphorus (P)-limitation will aid efforts to optimize P acquisition and use in this species for sustainable biomass production. This integrative study investigated the impacts of mild, moderate, and severe P-stress on genome transcription and whole-plant metabolism, physiology and development in switchgrass. P-limitation reduced overall plant growth, increased root/shoot ratio, increased root branching at moderate P-stress, and decreased root diameter with increased density and length of root hairs at severe P-stress. RNA-seq analysis revealed thousands of genes that were differentially expressed under moderate and severe P-stress in roots and/or shoots compared to P-replete plants, with many stress-induced genes involved in transcriptional and other forms of regulation, primary and secondary metabolism, transport, and other processes involved in P-acquisition and homeostasis. Amongst the latter were multiple miRNA399 genes and putative targets of these. Metabolite profiling showed that levels of most sugars and sugar alcohols decreased with increasing P stress, while organic and amino acids increased under mild and moderate P-stress in shoots and roots, although this trend reversed under severe P-stress, especially in shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ding
- Noble Research Institute LLCArdmoreOklahomaUSA
| | | | | | - Wei Liu
- Noble Research Institute LLCArdmoreOklahomaUSA
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32
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Galatro A, Ramos-Artuso F, Luquet M, Buet A, Simontacchi M. An Update on Nitric Oxide Production and Role Under Phosphorus Scarcity in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:413. [PMID: 32351528 PMCID: PMC7174633 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate (P) is characterized by its low availability and restricted mobility in soils, and also by a high redistribution capacity inside plants. In order to maintain P homeostasis in nutrient restricted conditions, plants have developed mechanisms which enable P acquisition from the soil solution, and an efficient reutilization of P already present in plant cells. Nitric oxide (NO) is a bioactive molecule with a plethora of functions in plants. Its endogenous synthesis depends on internal and environmental factors, and is closely tied with nitrogen (N) metabolism. Furthermore, there is evidence demonstrating that N supply affects P homeostasis and that P deficiency impacts on N assimilation. This review will provide an overview on how NO levels in planta are affected by P deficiency, the interrelationship with N metabolism, and a summary of the current understanding about the influence of this reactive N species over the processes triggered by P starvation, which could modify P use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Galatro
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), CONICET-UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Facundo Ramos-Artuso
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), CONICET-UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Melisa Luquet
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), CONICET-UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Agustina Buet
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), CONICET-UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcela Simontacchi
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), CONICET-UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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Aslam MM, Karanja JK, Zhang Q, Lin H, Xia T, Akhtar K, Liu J, Miao R, Xu F, Xu W. In Vitro Regeneration Potential of White Lupin (Lupinus albus) from Cotyledonary Nodes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E318. [PMID: 32138269 PMCID: PMC7154923 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The tissue culture regeneration system of Lupinus albus has always been considered as recalcitrant material due to its genotype-dependent response and low regeneration efficiency that hamper the use of genetic engineering. Establishment of repeatable plant regeneration protocol is a prerequisite tool for successful application of genetic engineering. This aim of this study was to develop standardized, efficient protocol for successful shoot induction from cotyledonary node of white lupin. In this study, 5 day old aseptically cultured seedlings were used to prepare three explants (half cotyledonary node, HCN; whole cotyledonary node, WCN; and traditional cotyledonary node, TCN), cultured on four concentrations of M519 medium (M519, ½ M519, 1/3 M519, and ¼ M519), containing four carbohydrate sources (sucrose, fructose, maltose, and glucose), and stimulated with various combinations of KT (kinetin), and NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) for direct shoot regeneration. High frequency of 80% shoot regeneration was obtained on ½ M519 medium (KT 4.0 mg L-1 + NAA 0.1 mg L-1) by using HCN as an explant. Interestingly, combinations of (KT 4.0 mg L-1 + NAA 0.1 mg L-1 + BAP 1.67 mg L-1), and (KT 2.0 mg L-1 + NAA 0.1 mg L-1) showed similar shoot regeneration frequency of 60%. Augmentation of 0.25 g L-1 activated charcoal (AC) not only reduced browning effect but also improved shoot elongation. Among the all carbohydrate sources, sucrose showed the highest regeneration frequency with HCN. Additionally, 80% rooting frequency was recorded on ½ M519 containing IAA 1.0 mg L-1 + KT 0.1 mg L-1 (indole acetic acid) after 28 days of culturing. The present study describes establishment of an efficient and successful protocol for direct plant regeneration of white lupin from different cotyledonary nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtab Muhammad Aslam
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Cops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (J.K.K.); (H.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.); (R.M.); (F.X.)
| | - Joseph K. Karanja
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Cops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (J.K.K.); (H.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.); (R.M.); (F.X.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Cops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (J.K.K.); (H.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.); (R.M.); (F.X.)
| | - Huifeng Lin
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Cops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (J.K.K.); (H.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.); (R.M.); (F.X.)
- Sanming Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Sanming, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Tianyu Xia
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Cops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (J.K.K.); (H.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.); (R.M.); (F.X.)
| | - Kashif Akhtar
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Jianping Liu
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Cops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (J.K.K.); (H.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.); (R.M.); (F.X.)
| | - Rui Miao
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Cops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (J.K.K.); (H.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.); (R.M.); (F.X.)
| | - Feiyun Xu
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Cops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (J.K.K.); (H.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.); (R.M.); (F.X.)
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Cops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (J.K.K.); (H.L.); (T.X.); (J.L.); (R.M.); (F.X.)
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Luo J, Liu Y, Zhang H, Wang J, Chen Z, Luo L, Liu G, Liu P. Metabolic alterations provide insights into Stylosanthes roots responding to phosphorus deficiency. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:85. [PMID: 32087672 PMCID: PMC7036231 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major constraints limiting plant growth, especially in acid soils. Stylosanthes (stylo) is a pioneer tropical legume with excellent adaptability to low P stress, but its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. RESULTS In this study, the physiological, molecular and metabolic changes in stylo responding to phosphate (Pi) starvation were investigated. Under low P condition, the growth of stylo root was enhanced, which was attributed to the up-regulation of expansin genes participating in root growth. Metabolic profiling analysis showed that a total of 256 metabolites with differential accumulations were identified in stylo roots response to P deficiency, which mainly included flavonoids, sugars, nucleotides, amino acids, phenylpropanoids and phenylamides. P deficiency led to significant reduction in the accumulation of phosphorylated metabolites (e.g., P-containing sugars, nucleotides and cholines), suggesting that internal P utilization was enhanced in stylo roots subjected to low P stress. However, flavonoid metabolites, such as kaempferol, daidzein and their glycoside derivatives, were increased in P-deficient stylo roots. Furthermore, the qRT-PCR analysis showed that a set of genes involved in flavonoids synthesis were found to be up-regulated by Pi starvation in stylo roots. In addition, the abundances of phenolic acids and phenylamides were significantly increased in stylo roots during P deficiency. The increased accumulation of the metabolites in stylo roots, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and phenylamides, might facilitate P solubilization and cooperate with beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere, and thus contributing to P acquisition and utilization in stylo. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that stylo plants cope with P deficiency by modulating root morphology, scavenging internal Pi from phosphorylated metabolites and increasing accumulation of flavonoids, phenolic acids and phenylamides. This study provides valuable insights into the complex responses and adaptive mechanisms of stylo roots to P deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Luo
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yunxi Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Huikai Zhang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Lijuan Luo
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Guodao Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Pandao Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Tiziani R, Mimmo T, Valentinuzzi F, Pii Y, Celletti S, Cesco S. Root Handling Affects Carboxylates Exudation and Phosphate Uptake of White Lupin Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:584568. [PMID: 33117414 PMCID: PMC7566432 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.584568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The reliable quantification of root exudation and nutrient uptake is a very challenging task, especially when considering single root segments. Most methods used necessitate root handling e.g. root dissecting/cutting. However, there is a knowledge gap on how much these techniques affect root physiology. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the effect of different root handling techniques on the phosphate (Pi) uptake and carboxylate exudation of white lupin roots. White lupin plants were grown hydroponically in a full and Pi-deficient nutrient solution for 60 days. Phosphate uptake and carboxylate exudation of cluster and non-cluster roots were measured using custom made cells 1, 4, and 8 h after the onset of light. Three different experimental set-ups were used: i) without cutting the root apparatus from the shoots, nor dissecting the root into smaller root sections - named intact plant (IP); ii) separating the roots from the shoots, without dissecting the root into smaller sections - named intact root (IR); iii) separating the roots form the shoots and dissecting the roots in different sections-named dissected roots (DR). The sampling at 8 h led to the most significant alterations of the root Pi uptake induced by the sampling method. Generally, roots were mainly affected by the DR sampling method, indicating that results of studies in which roots are cut/dissected should be interpreted carefully. Additionally, the study revealed that the root tip showed a very high Pi uptake rate, suggesting that the tip could act as a Pi sensor. Citrate, malate and lactate could be detected in juvenile, mature and senescent cluster root exudation. We observed a significant effect of the handling method on carboxylate exudation only at sampling hours 1 and 8, although no clear and distinctive trend could be observed. Results here presented reveal that the root handling as well as the sampling time point can greatly influence root physiology and therefore should not be neglected when interpreting rhizosphere dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanja Mimmo
- *Correspondence: Raphael Tiziani, ; Tanja Mimmo,
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Sulieman S, Kusano M, Ha CV, Watanabe Y, Abdalla MA, Abdelrahman M, Kobayashi M, Saito K, Mühling KH, Tran LSP. Divergent metabolic adjustments in nodules are indispensable for efficient N 2 fixation of soybean under phosphate stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 289:110249. [PMID: 31623782 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of the present study was to characterize the symbiotic N2 fixation (SNF) capacity and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for low-Pi acclimation in soybean plants grown in association with two Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens strains which differ in SNF capacity (USDA110 vs. CB1809). In comparison with the USDA110-soybean, the CB1809-soybean association revealed a greater SNF capacity in response to Pi starvation, as evidenced by relative higher plant growth and higher expression levels of the nifHDK genes. This enhanced Pi acclimation was partially related to the efficient utilization to the overall carbon (C) budget of symbiosis in the CB1809-induced nodules compared with that of the USDA110-induced nodules under low-Pi provision. In contrast, the USDA110-induced nodules favored other metabolic acclimation mechanisms that expend substantial C cost, and consequently cause negative implications on nodule C expenditure during low-Pi conditions. Fatty acids, phytosterols and secondary metabolites are characterized among the metabolic pathways involved in nodule acclimation under Pi starvation. While USDA110-soybean association performed better under Pi sufficiency, it is very likely that the CB1809-soybean association is better acclimatized to cope with Pi deficiency owing to the more effective functional plasticity and lower C cost associated with these nodular metabolic arrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Sulieman
- Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany; Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, 13314 Shambat, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Miyako Kusano
- Metabolomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Chien Van Ha
- Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yasuko Watanabe
- Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Muna Ali Abdalla
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, 13314 Shambat, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori 680-0001, Japan; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Metabolomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuki Saito
- Metabolomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Karl H Mühling
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
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Zhang S, Tang D, Korpelainen H, Li C. Metabolic and physiological analyses reveal that Populus cathayana males adopt an energy-saving strategy to cope with phosphorus deficiency. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:1630-1645. [PMID: 31237332 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dioecious trees have evolved sex-specific adaptation strategies to cope with inorganic phosphorus (Pi) limitation. Yet, little is known about the effects of Pi limitation on plant metabolism, particularly in dioecious woody plants. To identify potential gender-specific metabolites appearing in response to Pi limitation in poplars, we studied the metabolic and ionomic responses in the roots and leaves of Populus cathayana Rehd males and females exposed to a 60-day period of Pi deficiency. Besides significant decreases in phosphorus contents in both Pi-deficient roots and leaves, the calcium level decreased significantly and the sulfur content increased significantly in Pi-deficient male roots, while the zinc and ferrum contents increased significantly in Pi-deficient female roots. Inorganic P deficiency caused a smaller change in the abscisic acid content, but a significant increase in the jasmonic acid content was detected in both leaves and roots. Salicylic acid significantly decreased under Pi deficiency in male leaves and female roots. Changes were found in phospholipids and phosphorylated metabolites (e.g., fructose-6-phosphate, glycerol-3-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, phosphoric acid and inositol-1-phosphate) in roots and leaves. Both P. cathayana males and females relied on inorganic pyrophosphate-dependent but not on Pi-dependent glycolysis under Pi-deficient conditions. Sex-specific metabolites in leaves were primarily in the category of primary metabolites (e.g., amino acids), while in roots primarily in the category of secondary metabolites (e.g., organic acids) and sugars. The metabolome analysis revealed that sexually different pathways occurred mainly in amino acid metabolism, and the tissue-related differences were in the shikimate pathway and glycolysis. We observed changes in carbon flow, reduced root biomass and increased amino acid contents in P. cathayana males but not in females, which indicated that males have adopted an energy-saving strategy to adapt to Pi deficiency. Thus, this study provides new insights into sex-specific metabolic responses to Pi deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Duoteng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Helena Korpelainen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Chunyang Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Nguyen VL, Palmer L, Roessner U, Stangoulis J. Genotypic Variation in the Root and Shoot Metabolite Profiles of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Indicate Sustained, Preferential Carbon Allocation as a Potential Mechanism in Phosphorus Efficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:995. [PMID: 31447867 PMCID: PMC6691131 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the levels of plant metabolites in response to nutrient deficiency is indicative of how plants utilize scarce resources. In this study, changes in the metabolite profile of roots and shoots of wheat genotypes differing in phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) was investigated. Under low P supply and at 28 days after sowing (DAS), the wheat breeding line, RAC875 (P efficient) produced 42% more shoot biomass than the wheat variety, and Wyalkatchem (P inefficient). Significant changes in the metabolite profile in leaves and roots were observed under low P supply and significant genotypic variation was evident. Under low P supply, an increase in raffinose and 1-kestose was evident in roots of both wheat genotypes, with RAC875 accumulating more when compared to Wyalkatchem. There was no significant increase in raffinose and 1-kestose in leaves when plants were grown under P deficiency. P deficiency had no significant impact on the levels of sucrose, maltose, glucose and fructose in both genotypes, and while phosphorylated sugars (glucose-6-P and fructose-6-P) remained unchanged in RAC875, in Wyalkatchem, glucose-6-P significantly decreased in roots, and fructose-6-P significantly decreased in both leaves and roots. Glycerol-3-P decreased twofold in roots of both wheat genotypes in response to low P. In roots, RAC875 exhibited significantly lower levels of fumarate, malate, maleate and itaconate than Wyalkatchem, while low P enhanced organic acid exudation in RAC875 but not in Wyalkatchem. RAC875 showed greater accumulation of aspartate, glutamine and β-alanine in leaves than Wyalkatchem under low P supply. Greater accumulation of raffinose and 1-kestose in roots and aspartate, glutamine and β-alanine in leaves appears to be associated with enhanced PUE in RAC875. Glucose-6-P and fructose-6-P are important for glycolysis, thus maintaining these metabolites would enable RAC875 to maintain carbohydrate metabolism and shoot biomass under P deficiency. The work presented here provides evidence that differences in metabolite profiles can be observed between wheat varieties that differ in PUE and key metabolic pathways are maintained in the efficient genotype to ensure carbon supply under P deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Lam Nguyen
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lachlan Palmer
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James Stangoulis
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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Venuti S, Zanin L, Marroni F, Franco A, Morgante M, Pinton R, Tomasi N. Physiological and transcriptomic data highlight common features between iron and phosphorus acquisition mechanisms in white lupin roots. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 285:110-121. [PMID: 31203875 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In agricultural soil, the bioavailability of iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) is often below the plant's requirement causing nutritional deficiency in crops. Under P-limiting conditions, white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) activates mechanisms that promote P solubility in the soil through morphological, physiological and molecular adaptations. Similar changes occur also in Fe-deficient white lupin roots; however, no information is available on the molecular bases of the response. In the present work, responses to Fe and P deficiency and their reciprocal interactions were studied. Transcriptomic analyses indicated that white lupin roots upregulated Fe-responsive genes ascribable to Strategy-I response, this behaviour was mainly evident in cluster roots. The upregulation of some components of Fe-acquisition mechanism occurred also in P-deficient cluster roots. Concerning P acquisition, some P-responsive genes (as phosphate transporters and transcription factors) were upregulated by P deficiency as well by Fe deficiency. These data indicate a strong cross-connection between the responses activated under Fe or P deficiency in white lupin. The activation of Fe- and P-acquisition mechanisms might play a crucial role to enhance the plant's capability to mobilize both nutrients in the rhizosphere, especially P from its associated metal cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Venuti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Laura Zanin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Fabio Marroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Franco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Michele Morgante
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Roberto Pinton
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Nicola Tomasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
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40
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Mo X, Zhang M, Liang C, Cai L, Tian J. Integration of metabolome and transcriptome analyses highlights soybean roots responding to phosphorus deficiency by modulating phosphorylated metabolite processes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:697-706. [PMID: 31054472 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a major constituent of biomolecules in plant cells, and is an essential plant macronutrient. Low phosphate (Pi) availability in soils is a major constraint on plant growth. Although a complex variety of plant responses to Pi starvation has been well documented, few studies have integrated both global transcriptome and metabolome analyses to shed light on molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic responses to P deficiency. This study is the first time to investigate global profiles of metabolites and transcripts in soybean (Glycine max) roots subjected to Pi starvation through targeted liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) and RNA-sequencing analyses. This integrated analysis allows for assessing coordinated transcriptomic and metabolic responses in terms of both pathway enzyme expression and regulatory levels. Between two Pi availability treatments, a total of 155 metabolites differentially accumulated in soybean roots, of which were phosphorylated metabolites, flavonoids and amino acids. Meanwhile, a total of 1644 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in soybean roots, including 1199 up-regulated and 445 down-regulated genes. Integration of metabolome and transcriptome analyses revealed Pi starvation responsive connection between specific metabolic processes in soybean roots, especially metabolic processes involving phosphorylated metabolites (e.g., phosphorylated lipids and nucleic acids). Taken together, this study suggests that complex molecular responses scavenging internal Pi from phosphorylated metabolites are typical adaptive strategies soybean roots employ as responses to Pi starvation. Identified DEGs will provide potential target region for future efforts to develop P-efficient soybean cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Mo
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Mengke Zhang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Cuiyue Liang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Luyu Cai
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Jiang Tian
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
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Luo B, Ma P, Nie Z, Zhang X, He X, Ding X, Feng X, Lu Q, Ren Z, Lin H, Wu Y, Shen Y, Zhang S, Wu L, Liu D, Pan G, Rong T, Gao S. Metabolite profiling and genome-wide association studies reveal response mechanisms of phosphorus deficiency in maize seedling. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 97:947-969. [PMID: 30472798 PMCID: PMC6850195 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphorus (Pi) is an essential element in numerous metabolic reactions and signaling pathways, but the molecular details of these pathways remain largely unknown. In this study, metabolite profiles of maize (Zea mays L.) leaves and roots were compared between six low-Pi-sensitive lines and six low-Pi-tolerant lines under Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions to identify pathways and genes associated with the low-Pi stress response. Results showed that under Pi deprivation the concentrations of nucleic acids, organic acids and sugars were increased, but that the concentrations of phosphorylated metabolites, certain amino acids, lipid metabolites and nitrogenous compounds were decreased. The levels of secondary metabolites involved in plant immune reactions, including benzoxazinoids and flavonoids, were significantly different in plants grown under Pi-deficient conditions. Among them, the 11 most stable metabolites showed significant differences under low- and normal-Pi conditions based on the coefficient of variation (CV). Isoleucine and alanine were the most stable metabolites for the identification of Pi-sensitive and Pi-resistant maize inbred lines. With the significant correlation between morphological traits and metabolites, five low-Pi-responding consensus genes associated with morphological traits and simultaneously involved in metabolic pathways were mined by combining metabolites profiles and genome-wide association study (GWAS). The consensus genes induced by Pi deficiency in maize seedlings were also validated by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Moreover, these genes were further validated in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, in which the glucose-6-phosphate-1-epimerase encoding gene mediated yield and correlated traits to phosphorus availability. Together, our results provide a framework for understanding the metabolic processes underlying Pi-deficient responses and give multiple insights into improving the efficiency of Pi use in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Luo
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Peng Ma
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Zhi Nie
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Xuan He
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Xin Ding
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Xing Feng
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Quanxiao Lu
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Zhiyong Ren
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Haijian Lin
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Yuanqi Wu
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Yaou Shen
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics of Disease Resistance and Disease ControlSichuanChengduChina
| | - Suzhi Zhang
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Ling Wu
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Dan Liu
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Guangtang Pan
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Tingzhao Rong
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
| | - Shibin Gao
- Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural University611130SichuanChengduChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics of Disease Resistance and Disease ControlSichuanChengduChina
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42
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Kc S, Liu M, Zhang Q, Fan K, Shi Y, Ruan J. Metabolic Changes of Amino Acids and Flavonoids in Tea Plants in Response to Inorganic Phosphate Limitation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113683. [PMID: 30469347 PMCID: PMC6274676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The qualities of tea (Camellia sinensis) are not clearly understood in terms of integrated leading molecular regulatory network mechanisms behind inorganic phosphate (Pi) limitation. Thus, the present work aims to elucidate transcription factor-dependent responses of quality-related metabolites and the expression of genes to phosphate (P) starvation. The tea plant organs were subjected to metabolomics analysis by GC×GC-TOF/MS and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS along with transcription factors and 13 metabolic genes by qRT-PCR. We found P starvation upregulated SPX2 and the change response of Pi is highly dependent on young shoots. This led to increased change in abundance of carbohydrates (fructose and glucose), amino acids in leaves (threonine and methionine), and root (phenylalanine, alanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine). Flavonoids and their glycosides accumulated in leaves and root exposed to P limitation was consistent with the upregulated expression of anthocyanidin reductase (EC 1.3.1.77), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (EC 1.4.11.19) and glycosyltransferases (UGT78D1, UGT78D2 and UGT57L12). Despite the similar kinetics and high correlation response of Pi and SPX2 in young shoots, predominating theanine and other amino acids (serine, threonine, glutamate, valine, methionine, phenylalanine) and catechin (EGC, EGCG and CG) content displayed opposite changes in response to Pi limitation between Fengqing and Longjing-43 tea cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kc
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GSCAAS), Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China.
- Tea Research Institute (TRICAAS), 9 Meiling South Road, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Meiya Liu
- Tea Research Institute (TRICAAS), 9 Meiling South Road, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Qunfeng Zhang
- Tea Research Institute (TRICAAS), 9 Meiling South Road, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Kai Fan
- Tea Research Institute (TRICAAS), 9 Meiling South Road, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Yuanzhi Shi
- Tea Research Institute (TRICAAS), 9 Meiling South Road, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Jianyun Ruan
- Tea Research Institute (TRICAAS), 9 Meiling South Road, Hangzhou 310008, China.
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43
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Edayilam N, Montgomery D, Ferguson B, Maroli AS, Martinez N, Powell BA, Tharayil N. Phosphorus Stress-Induced Changes in Plant Root Exudation Could Potentially Facilitate Uranium Mobilization from Stable Mineral Forms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:7652-7662. [PMID: 29722538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Apparent deficiency of soil mineral nutrients often triggers specific physio-morphological changes in plants, and some of these changes could also inadvertently increase the ability of plants to mobilize radionuclides from stable mineral forms. This work, through a series of sand-culture, hydroponics, and batch-equilibration experiments, investigated the differential ability of root exudates of Andropogon virginicus grown under conditions with variable phosphorus (P) availability (KH2PO4, FePO4, Ca3(PO4)2, and no P) to solubilize uranium (U) from the uranyl phosphate mineral Chernikovite. The mineral form of P, and hence the bioavailability of P, affected the overall composition of the root exudates. The lower bioavailable forms of P (FePO4 and Ca3(PO4)2), but not the complete absence of P, resulted in a higher abundance of root metabolites with chelating capacity at 72 hrs after treatment application. In treatments with lower P-bioavailability, the physiological amino acid concentration inside of the roots increased, whereas the concentration of organic acids in the roots decreased due to the active exudation. In batch dissolution experiments, the organic acids, but not amino acids, increase the dissolution U from Chernikovite. The root exudate matrix of plants exposed to low available forms of P induced a >60% increase in U dissolution from Chernikovite due to 5-16 times greater abundance of organic acids in these treatments. However, this was ca. 70% of the theoretical dissolution achievable by this exudate matrix. These results highlight the potential of using active management of soil P as an effective tool to alter the plant-mediated mobilization of U in contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Edayilam
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
| | - Dawn Montgomery
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences , Clemson University , 342 Computer Court , Anderson , South Carolina 29625 , United States
| | - Brennan Ferguson
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences , Clemson University , 342 Computer Court , Anderson , South Carolina 29625 , United States
| | - Amith S Maroli
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
| | - Nicole Martinez
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences , Clemson University , 342 Computer Court , Anderson , South Carolina 29625 , United States
| | - Brian A Powell
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences , Clemson University , 342 Computer Court , Anderson , South Carolina 29625 , United States
| | - Nishanth Tharayil
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
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Wang Y, Lysøe E, Armarego-Marriott T, Erban A, Paruch L, van Eerde A, Bock R, Liu-Clarke J. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses provide insights into root and root-released organic anion responses to phosphorus deficiency in oat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3759-3771. [PMID: 29757407 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Roots and root-released organic anions play important roles in uptake of phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient for food production. Oat, ranking sixth in the world's cereal production, contains valuable nutritional compounds and can withstand poor soil conditions. Our aim was to investigate root transcriptional and metabolic responses of oat grown under P-deficient and P-sufficient conditions. We conducted a hydroponic experiment and measured root morphology and organic anion exudation, and analysed changes in the transcriptome and metabolome. Oat roots showed enhanced citrate and malate exudation after 4 weeks of P deficiency. After 10 d of P deficiency, we identified 9371 differentially expressed transcripts with a 2-fold or greater change (P<0.05): 48 sequences predicted to be involved in organic anion biosynthesis and efflux were consistently up-regulated; 24 up-regulated transcripts in oat were also found to be up-regulated upon P starvation in rice and wheat under similar conditions. Phosphorylated metabolites (i.e. glucose-6-phosphate, myo-inositol phosphate) were reduced dramatically, while citrate and malate, some sugars and amino acids increased slightly in P-deficient oat roots. Our data are consistent with a strategy of increased organic anion efflux and a shift in primary metabolism in response to P deficiency in oat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Wang
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | - Erik Lysøe
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | | | - Alexander Erban
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Lisa Paruch
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | - André van Eerde
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | - Ralph Bock
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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45
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Pi sensing and signalling: from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells. Biochem Soc Trans 2016; 44:766-73. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20160026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the most important macronutrients and is indispensable for all organisms as a critical structural component as well as participating in intracellular signalling and energy metabolism. Sensing and signalling of phosphate (Pi) has been extensively studied and is well understood in single-cellular organisms like bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In comparison, the mechanism of Pi regulation in plants is less well understood despite recent advances in this area. In most soils the available Pi limits crop yield, therefore a clearer understanding of the molecular basis underlying Pi sensing and signalling is of great importance for the development of plants with improved Pi use efficiency. This mini-review compares some of the main Pi regulation pathways in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and identifies similarities and differences among different organisms, as well as providing some insight into future research.
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