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El-Sayed MM, AbdElhay ES, Hawash MM, Taha SM. The power of laughter: a study on humor and creativity in undergraduate nursing education in Egypt. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:259. [PMID: 38649907 PMCID: PMC11034109 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01913-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Creativity in nursing education is crucial for developing practical problem-solving skills, and humor is a valuable tool for stress management and fostering a positive learning environment. This study explored the relationship between creativity and humor among nursing students. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 265 convenient undergraduate nursing students aged 20 to 25. The Short Scale of Creative Self (SSCS) and the Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale (MSHS) were used to measure creativity and various aspects of humor. RESULTS Showed a significant positive correlation between humor and creativity (r = 0.238, p < 0.001). Positive correlations were found between Humor Production, Coping or Adaptive Humor, and Appreciation of Humor with creativity (r = 0.254, 0.230, and 0.461, p < 0.001, respectively). In contrast, Attitudes Toward Humor and Humorous People were negatively correlated with creativity (r=-0.343, p < 0.05). Humor accounted for 16.2% of the variance in creativity. CONCLUSION The study concluded a strong link between humor and creativity, with positive correlations observed between creative self-efficacy and creative personal identity with different aspects of humor. The study recommends the incorporation of humor into nursing education and healthcare settings to encourage creative problem-solving and reduce burnout among students and staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Metwally El-Sayed
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Eman Sameh AbdElhay
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manal Mohammed Hawash
- Gerontological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samah Mohamed Taha
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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2
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Pundt A. Humor in leadership and employee creative and innovative behavior. Curr Opin Psychol 2024; 55:101723. [PMID: 37984231 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper is a review of existing studies on the relationship between humor in leadership and employee creativity, voice behavior, and innovative behavior. First, a meta-analytic review of zero-order correlations shows a medium-sized correlation between leader humor and creative/innovative behavior of employees. Secondly, the review shows that two distinct mediating mechanisms - a relational mechanism and a motivational, resource-based mechanism - might explain the correlation between leader humor and creative/innovative behavior. Existing studies thirdly show that moderator variables are relevant, but that the choice of variables does not yet allow for an overall picture. Unfortunately, the existing studies did widely neglect the incremental contribution of leader humor beyond other leadership constructs. The review ends with implications to guide future research on humor in leadership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pundt
- MSB Medical School Berlin, Department of Psychology, Rüdesheimer Str. 50, D-14197 Berlin, Germany.
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3
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Ng TK, Lee TH. Aggressive Humor and Social Connectedness: The Moderating Roles of Subjective Social Status and Gender. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 158:257-272. [PMID: 38194686 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2023.2291373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Aggressive humor has been conceived as a maladaptive humor style that jeopardizes social relationships. However, past studies have yielded inconsistent findings regarding the detrimental effects of aggressive humor on social relationships. This study attempts to advance the existing literature by examining the gender difference in the moderating role of subjective social status in the association between aggressive humor and social connectedness. Participants were 228 (53.1% female) adults aged from 18 to 53 years (M = 23.19, SD = 6.43). The hypothesized moderated moderation effect was significant, suggesting that gender significantly moderated the moderating effect of subjective social status on the association between aggressive humor and social connectedness. Subjective social status significantly moderated the association between aggressive humor and social connectedness for men but not for women. For men, aggressive humor was negatively associated with social connectedness when subjective social status was low or medium, but the association was not significant when subjective social status was high. For women, aggressive humor was not associated with social connectedness regardless of subjective social status. Implications of the findings are discussed.
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4
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Drake AC, Sears CR. Do humour styles moderate the association between hopelessness and suicide ideation? A comparison of student and community samples. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295995. [PMID: 38109367 PMCID: PMC10727427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has found that humour styles can moderate the relationship between various facets of mental health and well-being. Most of these studies have used college student samples, however, and the generalizability of these findings has not been firmly established. This study examined how humour styles moderate the relationship between hopelessness and suicide ideation in both student and community samples. Community participants from the U.S. and Canada (n = 554) and student participants from a Canadian university (n = 208) completed several self-report measures including the Humor Styles Questionnaire. Analyses revealed differences in humour styles between the samples, as well as differences in humour styles between men and women. Regression analyses showed that self-defeating humour moderated the relationship between hopelessness and suicide ideation for student participants but not for community participants. Conversely, self-enhancing humour moderated the relationship between hopelessness and suicide ideation for community participants but not for student participants. These results suggest that high levels of self-defeating humour and self-enhancing humour may be uniquely maladaptive for these respective samples. These and other findings point to the necessity of recruiting diverse samples to better understand the beneficial and detrimental associations between humour styles and mental health. The potential to use measures of humour style as a tool to help identify at-risk individuals and to inform the development of intervention programs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C Drake
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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5
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Liu Z, Yu H, Feng M, Hou Y. Thinking Styles and Creativity: The Mediating Role of Psychological Adjustment in College Students. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:875. [PMID: 37887525 PMCID: PMC10604613 DOI: 10.3390/bs13100875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The observation and cultivation of university students' creativity have always been of enormous concern to the Chinese government. The present research delved into the influence of three dimensions of the Chinese thinking style (Interconnection, Change, and Contradiction) on creativity and the mediating role of psychological adjustment in college students. Specifically, Study 1 investigated the relationship between university students' thinking styles and creativity through self-reported questionnaires. The results revealed that the thinking style of interconnections had a significant positive effect on creativity among university student groups, while the change dimension significantly negatively affected creativity. The relationship between the dimension of contradiction and creativity did not show significance. Study 2 manipulated thinking style by priming techniques, priming university students' thinking styles of interconnections (Study 2a) and change (Study 2b), and verified the mediating role of psychological adjustment between thinking styles and creativity. Aside from replicating the findings of Study 1, the results showed that university students' psychological adjustment mediated the positive effect of interconnections on fluency and the negative effect of change on fluency. These results and findings can provide a theoretical and practical reference for our government to cultivate university students' creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yubo Hou
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (Z.L.); (H.Y.); (M.F.)
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6
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Lu JG. Cultural differences in humor: A systematic review and critique. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 53:101690. [PMID: 37757489 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Humor is universal but also culturally nuanced. This review (including 31 empirical articles in English) systematically examines cultural differences in humor perception and use. Most notably, North Americans tend to perceive humor more positively, rate themselves as more humorous, and use humor more than East Asians. Moreover, this review highlights complex cultural differences in the use of four humor styles (affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, and self-defeating). Finally, I discuss limitations of the cross-cultural literature on humor and propose future research directions. Theoretically, more studies should move beyond comparing East Asian and North American cultures, examine the consequences of cultural differences in humor, and track changes in humor perception and use over time. Methodologically, more studies should employ experiments to strengthen causality, recruit larger and more representative samples, and preregister theory-driven hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson G Lu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States.
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7
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Skurka C, Lee Cunningham JJ. Seeing the funny side: Humor in pro-environmental communication. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 53:101668. [PMID: 37572549 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Our review, drawing from various fields such as communication, psychology, marketing, and environmental studies, delves into the potential for humor in pro-environmental messaging to mobilize social change. The review examines different forms of humor, including satire, stand-up comedy, and scripted entertainment programming, and their impact on audience responses. We also highlight the possible drawbacks of using humor and factors that moderate its effects. Overall, the evidence paints a mixed picture whereby pro-environmental humor is largely successful in influencing proximal cognitive outcomes (attention, perceptions) but has more limited influence on distal outcomes (behavior) with the greatest benefits seen among low-interest groups. The need for more diverse samples and robust experimental designs is emphasized to fully comprehend the efficacy of humor in effecting environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Skurka
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Media Studies, Donald P. Bellisario College of Communications, Penn State University, 222 Carnegie, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Julia J Lee Cunningham
- University of Michigan, Stephen M. Ross School of Business, Management & Organizations, University of Michigan, 701 Tappen Avenue, R5312, AnnArbor, MI, 48104, USA
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8
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Kokkinos CM, Koutsospyros A. The Moderating Role of University Students' Humor Styles on the Association between General Mental Health and Subjective Well-Being. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 157:473-495. [PMID: 37625138 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2023.2244128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the associations among humor styles, general mental health (GMH), and subjective well-being (SWB) in a non-clinical sample of 662 university students (Mage = 21.35, SD = 4.14; 66.3% females) attending Greek public universities, via an online survey. In addition, it investigated possible moderating effects of humor styles in the association between GMH and SWB as well as gender differences. Positive correlations emerged between GMH and SWB, as well as among GMH, SWB, and benign humor styles. Malignant humor styles had a negative correlation with both GMH and SWB. The use of aggressive and self-defeating humor moderated the association between GMH and SWB in that at low levels of these humor styles the link between GMH and SWB was stronger. Finally, males scored higher on self-enhancing and aggressive humor than females. The findings expand previous research and are discussed in terms of their implications.
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9
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Argüello-Gutiérrez C, Cubero A, Fumero F, Montealegre D, Sandoval P, Smith-Castro V. I'm just joking! Perceptions of sexist humour and sexist beliefs in a Latin American context. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 58:91-102. [PMID: 36271322 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has stated a relationship between sexist ideologies and humour appreciation. However, most research has been done in North America and Europe. In the present study, we aimed to approach in an exploratory way to the social perceptions of sexist humour in Costa Rica. Data was gathered through an online survey, participants (N = 323; 220 females) completed measures to characterise expressions of sexist humour. The main measures included perceived funniness, frequency and means of exposure, and perceived offensiveness, as well as completing the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI). Overall, previous exposure to this kind of humour was remarkably high. No significant differences were observed between women's and men's perceptions of the frequency, means and places of exposure, but emotional and behavioural reactions to sexist humour were gender-based. Women reported higher displeasure, more confrontation and felt angrier and more offended than men when exposed to this type of humour. Data support existing evidence of the relationship with sexist ideology. Specifically, hostile sexism was found to be a significant predictor of perceived funniness and offensiveness of the sexist jokes. An interaction effect between hostile sexism and the sex of participants was found, showing that as hostile sexism increased, perceived offensiveness decreased, but more rapidly for men. Results are discussed considering the practical implications and limitations, as well as the need for more research in the Latin American context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Cubero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Fabiola Fumero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Diana Montealegre
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Pía Sandoval
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Vanessa Smith-Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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10
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Cao Y, Hou Y, Dong Z, Ji LJ. The Impact of Culture and Social Distance on Humor Appreciation, Sharing, and Production. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2023; 14:207-217. [PMID: 36741803 PMCID: PMC9893297 DOI: 10.1177/19485506211065938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Building on the benign violation theory and self-construal theory, we conducted four studies to examine how culture and social distance would influence humor appreciation, sharing, and production. Study 1 found that Chinese participants appreciated and intended to share a joke involving distant others more than that involving close others. They also generated funnier titles for a joke involving distant others than close others. Studies 2a and 2b compared Chinese and Americans using various types of jokes, replicating the social distance effect among Chinese but finding little effect of social distance among Americans. In Study 3, interdependence-primed participants generated more humorous titles for a joke involving distant than close others, whereas independence-primed participants showed no effect of social distance. The research provides further support to the benign violation theory from a cultural perspective and has important implications for cross-cultural communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Hou
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Li-Jun Ji
- Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario,
Canada,Li-Jun Ji, Queen’s University, 62 Arch
Street, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6.
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11
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Zhang Y, Lu L, Zhang J. Humorous yet safe: the contrasting moderating effects of leader integrity and leader humor differentiation on the linkage between leader humor and team creativity. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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12
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Lau C, Swindall T, Chiesi F, Quilty LC, Chen HC, Chan YC, Ruch W, Proyer R, Bruno F, Saklofske DH, Torres-Marín J. Cultural Differences in How People Deal with Ridicule and Laughter: Differential Item Functioning between the Taiwanese Chinese and Canadian English Versions of the PhoPhiKat-45. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:238-258. [PMID: 36826203 PMCID: PMC9955752 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The PhoPhiKat-45 measures three dispositions toward ridicule and laughter, including gelotophobia (i.e., the fear of being laughed at), gelotophilia (i.e., the joy of being laughed at), and katagelasticism (i.e., the joy of laughing at others). Despite numerous cultural adaptations, there is a paucity of cross-cultural studies investigating measurement invariance of this measure. Undergraduate students from a Canadian university (N = 1467; 71.4% females) and 14 universities in Taiwan (N = 1274; 64.6% females) completed the English and Chinese PhoPhiKat-45 measures, respectively. Item response theory and differential item functioning analyses demonstrated that most items were well-distributed across the latent continuum. Five of 45 items were flagged for DIF, but all values had negligible effect sizes (McFadden's pseudo R2 < 0.13). The Canadian sample was further subdivided into subsamples who identified as European White born in Canada (n = 567) and Chinese born in China, Hong Kong, or Taiwan (n = 180). In the subgroup analyses, no evidence of DIF was found. Findings support the utility of this measure across these languages and samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Lau
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON N6B 1Y6, Canada
| | - Taylor Swindall
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesca Chiesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug, and Child’s Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Psychology, University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Lena C. Quilty
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON N6B 1Y6, Canada
| | - Hsueh-Chih Chen
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106308, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Chan
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Willibald Ruch
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - René Proyer
- Institut für Psychologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Francesco Bruno
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), Department of Primary Care, ASP Catanzaro, Viale A. Perugini, 88046 Lamezia Terme, Italy
- Association for Neurogenetic Research (ARN), 88046 Lamezia Terme, Italy
- Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Sciences of Calabria (ASCoC), 88046 Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Donald H. Saklofske
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Jorge Torres-Marín
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Li C, Lau C, Yosopov L, Saklofske DH. The seriousness of humour: Examining the relationship and pathways between sexist humour and the Dark Tetrad traits. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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14
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Leñero‐Cirujano M, Torres‐González JI, González‐Ordi H, Gómez‐Higuera J, Moro‐Tejedor MN. Validation of the humour styles questionnaire in healthcare professionals. Nurs Open 2022; 10:2869-2876. [PMID: 36538556 PMCID: PMC10077388 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to determine the reliability and validity of the Humour Styles Questionnaire (HSQ) in a sample of Spanish healthcare professionals. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS The version of HSQ translated into Spanish by Cayssials and Pérez was used to validate on a sample of healthcare professionals (N = 250). The reliability analysed the Crombach's α coefficient and Pearson's correlation coefficient between the factors and the total scale score. The Exploratory Factor Analysis was carried out with Kaiser's criteria for the extraction of factors with Varimax rotation. RESULTS HSQ in this study sample reproduced the similar structure of the original version with four factors (affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive and self-defeating humour). These factors explained 44.46% of the total variance and Cronbach's ranged from 0.64-0.79. Global HSQ scale reliability was 0.82. CONCLUSION The HSQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing humour in healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Leñero‐Cirujano
- Department of Nursing Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio Madrid Spain
- Department of Nursing Research Nursing Group of Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM) Madrid Spain
| | | | | | | | - Mª Nieves Moro‐Tejedor
- Department of Nursing Research Nursing Group of Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM) Madrid Spain
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15
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A systematic review on cross-culture, humor and empathy dimensions in conversational chatbots: the case of second language acquisition. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12056. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
Like most human non-verbal vocalizations, laughter is produced by speakers of all languages, across all known societies. But despite this obvious fact (or perhaps because of it), there is little comparative research examining the structural and functional similarity of laughter across speakers from different cultures. Here, we describe existing research examining (i) the perception of laughter across disparate cultures, (ii) conversation analysis examining how laughter manifests itself during discourse across different languages, and (iii) computational methods developed for automatically detecting laughter in spoken language databases. Together, these three areas of investigation provide clues regarding universals and cultural variations in laughter production and perception, and offer methodological tools that can be useful for future large-scale cross-cultural studies. We conclude by providing suggestions for areas of research and predictions of what we should expect to discover. Overall, we highlight how important questions regarding human vocal communication across cultures can be addressed through the examination of spontaneous and volitional laughter. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Cracking the laugh code: laughter through the lens of biology, psychology and neuroscience’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Bryant
- Department of Communication, Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture, University of California, Los Angeles, 2225 Rolfe Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Constance M Bainbridge
- Department of Communication, Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture, University of California, Los Angeles, 2225 Rolfe Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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17
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Amjad A, Dasti R. Humor styles, emotion regulation and subjective well-being in young adults. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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18
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Leñero-Cirujano M, Torres-González JI, González-Ordi H, Moro-Tejedor MN, Gómez-Higuera J. Diseño de un instrumento de medida del humor en profesionales sanitarios. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Zhang Y, Yin C, Akhtar MN, Wang Y. Humor at work that works: A multi-level examination of when and why leader humor promotes employee creativity. Front Psychol 2022; 13:903281. [PMID: 35978766 PMCID: PMC9376232 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the role of leadership in fostering employee creativity has been extensively studied, it is still unclear whether and how leader humor affects employee creativity. Drawing upon cultural representation theory (CRT), we examined creative self-efficacy as a mediator and traditionality as a situational factor in the relationship between leader humor and employee creativity by analyzing a sample of 306 employees and 88 leaders (paired data) collected through survey questionnaire from firms based in Hubei Province, China, covering the industries of automobile, IT, and medicine. Following the multi-level examination, leader humor was positively related to employee creativity, and creative self-efficacy was found to mediate the impact of leader humor on employee creativity. Furthermore, traditionality moderated the effect of leader humor on creative self-efficacy, as well as the indirect effect of leader humor on employee creativity through creative self-efficacy. This study provides a social psychological explanation for the association between humor and employee creativity, deepens the current understanding of the influence process of leader humor. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed at the end alongside limitations and recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zhang
- School of Business Administration, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, China
| | - Changqin Yin
- School of Management, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Changqin Yin,
| | - Muhammad Naseer Akhtar
- Royal Docks School of Business and Law, The University of East London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yongqi Wang
- International College, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Leñero-Cirujano M, Torres-González JI, González-Ordi H, Moro-Tejedor MN, Gómez-Higuera J. Design of an instrument to measure humor in health professionals. ENFERMERÍA CLÍNICA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2022; 33:115-122. [PMID: 35907472 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcle.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study was to develop an instrument for measuring humor in health professionals. METHODS Observational, transversal and descriptive study of mixed methodology. The instrument was designed in several phases: literature review, item generation, determination of the scale format, review by the expert panel, pilot study, reevaluation by the expert panel, and test-retest. The pertinence, relevance and comprehension of the items were analyzed. Interobserver agreement was calculated with Kappa and the intraclass correlation coefficient considering values ≥0.61. Pared sample Student's t test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used. A level of statistical significance was established at P < 0.05. RESULTS The Three-Dimensional Scale of Humor in Health Professionals consists of 50 items measured with a 5-point Likert scale based on the degree of agreement. Experts' panel evaluated the global scale with 3.57 (0.79) points out of 5. An interobserver reliability of 0.69 (P < 0.001) was obtained in the pilot study. A Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.71 (P = 0.002) and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.69 (P = 0.001) resulted in the test-retest. No statistically significant differences were observed between test-retest scores. CONCLUSION The Three-Dimensional Scale of Humor in Health Professionals is an innovative tool for measuring humor in the health context. This scale is created specifically for health professionals. It's necessary its validation in future studies.
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Li Y, Liu C, Yang Y, Du Y, Xie C, Xiang S, Duan H, Hu W. The influence of resilience on social creativity: Chain mediation effects of sense of humor and positive mood. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Normal University Branch Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Yilong Yang
- School of English Studies Xi'an International Studies University Xi'an China
| | - Ying Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Cong Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Shuoqi Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Haijun Duan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Weiping Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Normal University Branch Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University Xi'an China
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Krieger Y, Pachevsky M, Shoham Y, Biederko R, Novack L, Sarid O. Relieving pain and distress symptoms in the outpatient burn clinic: The contribution of a medical clown. Burns 2022; 48:654-661. [PMID: 34670712 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT High levels of pain and emotional distress characterize the experience of patients, at burn outpatient clinic and reflect on their accompanying persons and the medical personal. OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of a medical clown presence on: the patients' pain and distress levels as perceived by the patient and by their accompanying persons, and the emotional response of healthcare personnel. METHODS A yearlong prospective observational comparative study in the burn outpatient clinic, operating twice a week, with a medical clown's presence once a week [Exposure Group - EG] versus clinic without clown presence [Non exposure Group- NEG]. Patients and accompanying persons filled pain [WBS, VAS] and emotional distress [SUDS] questionnaires regarding the patient's experience: before (T1) and after treatment (T2). The clinic personnel filled SUDS at the beginning and the end of the clinic working hours. RESULTS Significantly lower WBS, VAS, and SUDS scores were reported at T2 in the EG as compared to the NEG both in patients and in the accompanying persons' evaluations. Personnel SUDS were affected in a similar manner. CONCLUSION Presence of a medical clown induced a positive atmosphere in the clinic. It is possible that the effect of humor through stress reduction mechanism lessened agony. Furthermore, the distraction the clown evoked played a role in the decrease of pain and emotional distress. We recommend implementing psychosocial oriented interventions such as those performed by a medical clown to improve the emotional atmosphere in the ambulatory clinic of patients, accompanying persons and healthcare personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Krieger
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Michelle Pachevsky
- The Spitzer Department of Social Work, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yaron Shoham
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ron Biederko
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Lena Novack
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Orly Sarid
- The Spitzer Department of Social Work, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Purol MF, Chopik WJ. Partner Accuracy in Humor Perception and Associations With Relationship Satisfaction. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2022; 49:791-805. [PMID: 35260008 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221080950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Do people accurately perceive their partner's humor style? The current study extends work on partner perception by examining accuracy and bias in people's perception of their partners' humor styles-a subjective, evaluative, and important factor in relationship satisfaction. We recruited 337 heterosexual couples (N = 674 individuals, Mage = 65.71 years, SD = 12.107) who completed self-reports and partner-reports of humor styles. Truth and Bias modeling revealed that, although bias varied across humor styles, participants consistently demonstrated accuracy in their judgments of their partner's humor styles. Bias forces were moderated by relationship satisfaction such that assumed similarity biases were stronger among those in particularly satisfying relationships.
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Luo R, Zhan Q. Teacher-humour types and college students’ academic performance in online teaching: The mediating role of academic interest. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2021.2001946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Runfeng Luo
- School of Foreign Languages, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Qiqi Zhan
- School of Teacher Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
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Kim HS, Plester B. Smashing, Shaming, or Polite Fun and Joy? How Workplace Humor Influences Positive Well-Being in South Korean Workplaces. Front Psychol 2021; 12:682183. [PMID: 34421733 PMCID: PMC8371255 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.682183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Humor is contextual, ambiguous, and varies within cultures but is widely associated with positive outcomes such as well-being and happiness. While humor is universal and enhances interpersonal relationships which can benefit psychological well-being, we argue that humor can also be diminish psychological well-being in Confucian-based, South Korean workplaces. Our research questions asks: how do hierarchical workplace relationships influence shared humor and positive well-being in Korean workplace contexts? Our contextual, ethnographic research includes in-depth field observations and semi structured interviews in three Korean organizations. Traditional Confucian-based cultures value face-saving, trust, and harmony while emphasizing formality and hierarchy. Korean honorifics maintain harmony, hierarchy, and politeness which creates benefits for group processes and influences the sharing of humor. Humor is enacted in accordance with workers' hierarchical status which has a significant impact upon the types of humor shared and the responses available to subordinate employees. Investigating these dimensions in Korean workplaces we argue that honorifics and hierarchy influence humor interactions in complex ways that have implications for psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Kim
- Department of Business Administration, College of Humanities & Social Sciences Convergence, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Barbara Plester
- Business School, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Humor and personality: Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the comic styles markers and its relationships with the big five personality traits. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Time to Renovate the Humor Styles Questionnaire? An Item Response Theory Analysis of the HSQ. Behav Sci (Basel) 2020; 10:bs10110173. [PMID: 33202813 PMCID: PMC7697079 DOI: 10.3390/bs10110173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ) is one of the most popular self-report scales in humor research. The present research conducted a forward-looking psychometric analysis grounded in Rasch and item response theory models, which have not been applied to the HSQ thus far. Regarding strengths, the analyses found very good evidence for reliability and dimensionality and essentially zero gender-based differential item functioning, indicating no gender bias in the items. Regarding opportunities for future development, the analyses suggested that (1) the seven-point rating scale performs poorly relative to a five-point scale; (2) the affiliative subscale is far too easy to endorse and much easier than the other subscales; (3) the four subscales show problematic variation in their readability and proportion of reverse-scored items; and (4) a handful of items with poor discrimination and high local dependence are easy targets for scale revision. Taken together, the findings suggest that the HSQ, as it nears the two-decade mark, has many strengths but would benefit from light remodeling.
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Jiang F, Lu S, Jiang T, Jia H. Does the Relation Between Humor Styles and Subjective Well-Being Vary Across Culture and Age? A Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2020; 11:2213. [PMID: 33071846 PMCID: PMC7536505 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An earlier review (Schneider et al., 2018) examined the connection between humor styles and mental health. The present article supplements and extends Schneider et al.'s review by surveying a broader concept, subjective well-being (SWB), and investigating the moderating effects of culture and age. To this end, we collected data from 85 studies, with 27,562 participants of varying ages and cultures. Meta-analysis results indicate that affiliative and self-enhancing humor enhances SWB, whereas aggressive and self-defeating humor damages SWB. Culture and age do not moderate the relation between humor styles and SWB. We discuss implications for better understanding of the relationships among culture, age, humor, and SWB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Department of Organization and Human Resources Management, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Su Lu
- Division of Psychology, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Department of Human Resource and Organizational Behavior, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Tonglin Jiang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Heqi Jia
- Department of Organization and Human Resources Management, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
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Emotional engagement in learning through humor and storytelling. Pediatr Radiol 2020; 50:1352-1353. [PMID: 32556809 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-020-04729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hussong DK, Micucci JA. The Use of Humor in Psychotherapy: Views of Practicing Psychotherapists. JOURNAL OF CREATIVITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15401383.2020.1760989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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31
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Cooper KM, Nadile EM, Brownell SE. Don't Joke About Me: Student Identities and Perceptions of Instructor Humor in College Science Courses. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOLOGY EDUCATION 2020; 21:21.1.21. [PMID: 32313590 PMCID: PMC7148142 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.v21i1.2085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Humor is a popular tool used by instructors to engage students. However, some instructor jokes may be perceived as less funny and more offensive by particular groups of students. Previous studies have shown that student gender impacts student perception of instructor humor; however, to our knowledge no studies have explored whether there are differences in how other identity groups interpret instructor humor. In this study, we surveyed 1,637 students across 25 different college science courses at a research-intensive institution in the Southwest United States. Students evaluated a set of topics that science instructors might joke about in class as to whether they were funny and offensive. Using binary logistic regression, we analyzed whether students of different identities, including race/ethnicity, political affiliation, LGBTQ+ status, religious affiliation, and native language, differentially perceived joke topics to be funny and offensive if told by an instructor in class. We identified that topics which tended to be perceived by students as funny rather than offensive were generally less likely to be perceived as funny to non-native English language speakers compared with native English speakers. We also found that students were more likely to be offended by jokes about their own identity group. This work identifies potentially humorous topics that instructors should avoid because they could be offensive to groups of students. This study also highlights topics that tend to be perceived as funny to most students, which indicates that instructors who joke about such topics may be universally benefitting college science students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn M. Cooper
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816
| | - Erika M. Nadile
- Biology Education Research Lab, Research for Inclusive STEM Education Center, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281
| | - Sara E. Brownell
- Biology Education Research Lab, Research for Inclusive STEM Education Center, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281
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The light and dark side of self-directed humor: The development and initial validation of the Dual Self-Directed Humor Scale (DSDHS). PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.109835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Wright F, Kober KM, Cooper BA, Paul SM, Conley YP, Hammer M, Levine JD, Miaskowski C. Higher levels of stress and different coping strategies are associated with greater morning and evening fatigue severity in oncology patients receiving chemotherapy. Support Care Cancer 2020; 28:4697-4706. [PMID: 31956947 PMCID: PMC7223171 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05303-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A cancer diagnosis and associated treatments are stressful experiences for most patients. Patients' perceptions of stress and their use of coping strategies may influence fatigue severity. This study extends our previous work describing distinct profiles of morning (i.e., Very Low, Low, High, and Very High) and evening (i.e., Low, Moderate, High, and Very High) fatigue in oncology patients by evaluating for differences in stress and coping strategies among these fatigue classes. METHODS This longitudinal study evaluated for changes in morning and evening fatigue in oncology patients (n = 1332) over two cycles of chemotherapy (CTX). Patients completed measures of cumulative exposure to stressful life events (SLEs) (i.e., the Life Stressor Checklist-Revised), general stress (i.e., Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]), cancer-specific stress (i.e., Impact of Event Scale-Revised [IES-R]), and coping strategies (i.e., Brief Cope). Differences among the latent classes were evaluated using analyses of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, or chi-square tests. RESULTS Patients in both the Very High morning and evening fatigue classes reported higher numbers of and a higher impact from previous SLEs and higher PSS scores than the other fatigue classes. The IES-R scores for the Very High morning fatigue class met the criterion for subsyndromal PTSD. Patients in the Very High evening fatigue class used a higher number of engagement coping strategies compared with the Very High morning fatigue class. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that interventions to reduce stress and enhance coping warrant investigation to decrease fatigue in patients undergoing CTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fay Wright
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kord M Kober
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce A Cooper
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steven M Paul
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yvette P Conley
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Jon D Levine
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631F, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0610, USA.
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Do humor styles predict clinical response to the MINDSET (MINDfulneSs & EducaTion) program? A pilot study in patients with fibromyalgia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 17:137-140. [PMID: 31822445 DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Humor has been described as an effective coping strategy for dealing with chronic pain conditions; likewise, coping strategies predict some clinical outcomes after cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based interventions. The present study aims to preliminarily explore the role of humor styles in predicting clinical changes after the multicomponent intervention (MINDSET) that combines mindfulness and psychoeducation for fibromyalgia (FM) patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A subsample of 35 patients with FM of the EUDAIMON study, a randomized controlled trial, was used for the present study; linear regressions and Spearman's correlations were computed. RESULTS Affiliative humor and positive/negative ratio humor styles had a unique predictive effect on self-reported clinical changes. Significant correlations between humor styles with functional impact and mindfulness facets were observed. CONCLUSIONS Some humor styles may imply a better disposition in patients to learn and implement the concepts and resources that the intervention offered.
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Schermer JA, Rogoza R, Kwiatkowska MM, Kowalski CM, Aquino S, Ardi R, Bolló H, Branković M, Chegeni R, Crusius J, Doroszuk M, Enea V, Truong TKH, Iliško D, Jukić T, Kozarević E, Kruger G, Kurtić A, Lange J, Liik K, Malik S, Lins S, Mamuti A, Martinez-Buelvas L, Mrkušić B, Navarro-Carrillo G, Oviedo-Trespalacios O, Özsoy E, Papazova E, Park J, Pylat N, Riđić G, Riđić O, Skelić D, Tan CS, Torres-Marín J, Uslu O, Volkodav T, Włodarczyk A, Krammer G. Humor styles across 28 countries. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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A lexical approach to laughter classification: Natural language distinguishes six (classes of) formal characteristics. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kant L, Norman E. You Must Be Joking! Benign Violations, Power Asymmetry, and Humor in a Broader Social Context. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1380. [PMID: 31275204 PMCID: PMC6593112 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Violated expectations can indeed be funny, as is acknowledged by incongruity theories of humor. According to the Benign Violation Theory (BVT), something is perceived as humorous when it hits the “sweet spot,” where there is not only a violation, but where the violation is also perceived as benign. The BVT specifies how psychological distance plays a central role in determining whether a certain event, joke, or other stimulus is perceived as benign or malign. In line with the aims of this research topic, we specifically address how this “sweet spot” may be influenced by social distance. This form of psychological distance has so far received less attention in the BVT than other forms of distance. First, we argue that the BVT needs to distinguish between different perspectives in a given situation, i.e., between the joke-teller and the joke-listener, and needs to account for the social distance between the two parties as well as between each of them and the joke. Second, we argue that the BVT needs to acknowledge possible power asymmetries between the two parties, and how asymmetries might influence the social distance between the joke-teller and joke-listener, as well as between each of these and the joke. Based on the assumption that power influences social distance, we argue that power asymmetry may explain certain disagreements over whether something is funny. Third, we suggest that cultural differences might influence shared perspectives on what is benign vs. malign, as well as power balance. Thus, cultural differences might have both a direct and an indirect influence on what is perceived as humorous. Finally, we discuss potential implications beyond humor, to other social situations with border zones. Close to the border, there is often disagreement concerning attempted violations of expectations and norms, and concerning their nature as benign or malign. This can for instance occur in sexual harassment, #MeToo, bullying, aggression, abusive supervision, destructive leadership, counterproductive work behavior, organizational citizenship behavior, parenting, and family relations. New understanding of border zones may thus be gained from BVT along with our proposed systematically mismatched judgments which parties could make about attempted benign violations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Kant
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Norman
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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