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Steiner NL, Purohit DC, Tiefenthaler CM, Mandyam CD. Abstinence and Fear Experienced during This Period Produce Distinct Cortical and Hippocampal Adaptations in Alcohol-Dependent Rats. Brain Sci 2024; 14:431. [PMID: 38790410 PMCID: PMC11118749 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrate that ethanol dependence induced by repeating cycles of chronic intermittent ethanol vapor exposure (CIE) followed by protracted abstinence produces significant gray matter damage via myelin dysfunction in the rodent medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and alterations in neuronal excitability in the mPFC and the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. Specifically, abstinence-induced neuroadaptations have been associated with persistent elevated relapse to drinking. The current study evaluated the effects of forced abstinence for 1 day (d), 7 d, 21 d, and 42 d following seven weeks of CIE on synaptic plasticity proteins in the mPFC and DG. Immunoblotting revealed reduced expression of CaMKII in the mPFC and enhanced expression of GABAA and CaMKII in the DG at the 21 d time point, and the expression of the ratio of GluN2A/2B subunits did not change at any of the time points studied. Furthermore, cognitive performance via Pavlovian trace fear conditioning (TFC) was evaluated in 3 d abstinent rats, as this time point is associated with negative affect. In addition, the expression of the ratio of GluN2A/2B subunits and a 3D structural analysis of neurons in the mPFC and DG were evaluated in 3 d abstinent rats. Behavioral analysis revealed faster acquisition of fear responses and reduced retrieval of fear memories in CIE rats compared to controls. TFC produced hyperplasticity of pyramidal neurons in the mPFC under control conditions and this effect was not evident or blunted in abstinent rats. Neurons in the DG were unaltered. TFC enhanced the GluN2A/2B ratio in the mPFC and reduced the ratio in the DG and was not altered by abstinence. These findings indicate that forced abstinence from CIE produces distinct and divergent alterations in plasticity proteins in the mPFC and DG. Fear learning-induced changes in structural plasticity and proteins contributing to it were more profound in the mPFC during forced abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah L. Steiner
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (N.L.S.)
| | | | - Casey M. Tiefenthaler
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Chitra D. Mandyam
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (N.L.S.)
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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2
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Davidson TL, Stevenson RJ. Vulnerability of the Hippocampus to Insults: Links to Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1991. [PMID: 38396670 PMCID: PMC10888241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is a critical brain substrate for learning and memory; events that harm the hippocampus can seriously impair mental and behavioral functioning. Hippocampal pathophysiologies have been identified as potential causes and effects of a remarkably diverse array of medical diseases, psychological disorders, and environmental sources of damage. It may be that the hippocampus is more vulnerable than other brain areas to insults that are related to these conditions. One purpose of this review is to assess the vulnerability of the hippocampus to the most prevalent types of insults in multiple biomedical domains (i.e., neuroactive pathogens, neurotoxins, neurological conditions, trauma, aging, neurodegenerative disease, acquired brain injury, mental health conditions, endocrine disorders, developmental disabilities, nutrition) and to evaluate whether these insults affect the hippocampus first and more prominently compared to other brain loci. A second purpose is to consider the role of hippocampal blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in either causing or worsening the harmful effects of each insult. Recent research suggests that the hippocampal BBB is more fragile compared to other brain areas and may also be more prone to the disruption of the transport mechanisms that act to maintain the internal milieu. Moreover, a compromised BBB could be a factor that is common to many different types of insults. Our analysis indicates that the hippocampus is more vulnerable to insults compared to other parts of the brain, and that developing interventions that protect the hippocampal BBB may help to prevent or ameliorate the harmful effects of many insults on memory and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry L. Davidson
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA
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3
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Tochon L, Vouimba RM, Corio M, Henkous N, Béracochéa D, Guillou JL, David V. Chronic alcohol consumption shifts learning strategies and synaptic plasticity from hippocampus to striatum-dependent pathways. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1129030. [PMID: 37304443 PMCID: PMC10250670 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1129030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The hippocampus and striatum have dissociable roles in memory and are necessary for spatial and procedural/cued learning, respectively. Emotionally charged, stressful events promote the use of striatal- over hippocampus-dependent learning through the activation of the amygdala. An emerging hypothesis suggests that chronic consumption of addictive drugs similarly disrupt spatial/declarative memory while facilitating striatum-dependent associative learning. This cognitive imbalance could contribute to maintain addictive behaviors and increase the risk of relapse. Methods We first examined, in C57BL/6 J male mice, whether chronic alcohol consumption (CAC) and alcohol withdrawal (AW) might modulate the respective use of spatial vs. single cue-based learning strategies, using a competition protocol in the Barnes maze task. We then performed in vivo electrophysiological studies in freely moving mice to assess learning-induced synaptic plasticity in both the basolateral amygdala (BLA) to dorsal hippocampus (dCA1) and BLA to dorsolateral striatum (DLS) pathways. Results We found that both CAC and early AW promote the use of cue-dependent learning strategies, and potentiate plasticity in the BLA → DLS pathway while reducing the use of spatial memory and depressing BLA → dCA1 neurotransmission. Discussion These results support the view that CAC disrupt normal hippocampo-striatal interactions, and suggest that targeting this cognitive imbalance through spatial/declarative task training could be of great help to maintain protracted abstinence in alcoholic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Tochon
- *Correspondence: Léa Tochon, ; Vincent David,
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4
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Kamarajan C, Pandey AK, Chorlian DB, Meyers JL, Kinreich S, Pandey G, Subbie-Saenz de Viteri S, Zhang J, Kuang W, Barr PB, Aliev F, Anokhin AP, Plawecki MH, Kuperman S, Almasy L, Merikangas A, Brislin SJ, Bauer L, Hesselbrock V, Chan G, Kramer J, Lai D, Hartz S, Bierut LJ, McCutcheon VV, Bucholz KK, Dick DM, Schuckit MA, Edenberg HJ, Porjesz B. Predicting Alcohol-Related Memory Problems in Older Adults: A Machine Learning Study with Multi-Domain Features. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050427. [PMID: 37232664 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory problems are common among older adults with a history of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Employing a machine learning framework, the current study investigates the use of multi-domain features to classify individuals with and without alcohol-induced memory problems. A group of 94 individuals (ages 50-81 years) with alcohol-induced memory problems (the memory group) were compared with a matched control group who did not have memory problems. The random forests model identified specific features from each domain that contributed to the classification of the memory group vs. the control group (AUC = 88.29%). Specifically, individuals from the memory group manifested a predominant pattern of hyperconnectivity across the default mode network regions except for some connections involving the anterior cingulate cortex, which were predominantly hypoconnected. Other significant contributing features were: (i) polygenic risk scores for AUD, (ii) alcohol consumption and related health consequences during the past five years, such as health problems, past negative experiences, withdrawal symptoms, and the largest number of drinks in a day during the past twelve months, and (iii) elevated neuroticism and increased harm avoidance, and fewer positive "uplift" life events. At the neural systems level, hyperconnectivity across the default mode network regions, including the connections across the hippocampal hub regions, in individuals with memory problems may indicate dysregulation in neural information processing. Overall, the study outlines the importance of utilizing multidomain features, consisting of resting-state brain connectivity data collected ~18 years ago, together with personality, life experiences, polygenic risk, and alcohol consumption and related consequences, to predict the alcohol-related memory problems that arise in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chella Kamarajan
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Ashwini K Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - David B Chorlian
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Jacquelyn L Meyers
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Sivan Kinreich
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Gayathri Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Stacey Subbie-Saenz de Viteri
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Weipeng Kuang
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Peter B Barr
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Andrey P Anokhin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Samuel Kuperman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Laura Almasy
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alison Merikangas
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sarah J Brislin
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Lance Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Victor Hesselbrock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Grace Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - John Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Dongbing Lai
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sarah Hartz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Vivia V McCutcheon
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kathleen K Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Marc A Schuckit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
| | | | - Bernice Porjesz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
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Carrica LK, Choi CY, Walter FA, Noonan BL, Shi L, Johnson CT, Bradshaw HB, Liang NC, Gulley JM. Effects of combined use of alcohol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannibinol on working memory in Long Evans rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 449:114475. [PMID: 37146720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The increase in social acceptance and legalization of cannabis over the last several years is likely to increase the prevalence of its co-use with alcohol. In spite of this, the potential for effects unique to co-use of these drugs, especially in moderate doses, has been studied relatively infrequently. We addressed this in the current study using a laboratory rat model of voluntary drug intake. Periadolescent male and female Long-Evans rats were allowed to orally self-administer ethanol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannibinol (THC), both drugs, or their vehicle controls from postnatal day (P) 30 to P47. They were subsequently trained and tested on an instrumental behavior task that assesses attention, working memory and behavioral flexibility. Similar to previous work, consumption of THC reduced both ethanol and saccharin intake in both sexes. Blood samples taken 14h following the final self-administration session revealed that females had higher levels of the THC metabolite THC-COOH. There were modest effects of THC on our delayed matching to position (DMTP) task, with females exhibiting reduced performance compared to their control group or male, drug using counterparts. However, there were no significant effects of co-use of ethanol or THC on DMTP performance, and drug effects were also not apparent in the reversal learning phase of the task when non-matching to position was required as the correct response. These findings are consistent with other published studies in rodent models showing that use of these drugs in low to moderate doses does not significantly impact memory or behavioral flexibility following a protracted abstinence period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Carrica
- Department of Psychology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Chan Young Choi
- Department of Psychology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Francis A Walter
- Neuroscience Program and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Brynn L Noonan
- Department of Psychology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Linyuan Shi
- Department of Psychology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Clare T Johnson
- Department of Psychological & Brain Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Heather B Bradshaw
- Department of Psychological & Brain Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Nu-Chu Liang
- Department of Psychology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Neuroscience Program and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Joshua M Gulley
- Department of Psychology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Neuroscience Program and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG treatment potentiates ethanol-induced behavioral changes through modulation of intestinal epithelium in Danio rerio. INTERNATIONAL MICROBIOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SPANISH SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s10123-022-00320-2. [PMID: 36656417 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-022-00320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis directly regulates the brain homeostatic environment; an imbalance in gut microbial composition following ethanol exposure is maleficent. In this context, involvement of probiotics as prophylactic intervention against ethanol-induced neurotoxicity is elusive in the literature. Therefore, the present study was aimed to determine the impact of chronic ethanol exposure on the neurobehavioral response of zebrafish and possible neuroprotection through co-supplementation of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). Zebrafish were divided into naive, control, ethanol (0.01% v/v), LGG, and ethanol co-supplemented with LGG groups. Neurobehavioral assessment was performed after 7 days of chronic waterborne exposure to ethanol with LGG co-supplementation followed by histopathological studies. The findings indicated that there was a clear alteration in locomotor activity and habitat preference, with animals preferentially migrating toward altered zones on exposure to ethanol. However, co-supplementation of LGG showed restoration against ethanol-induced neurobehavioral and cognitive dysfunction. Brain tissue pyknosis and intestinal epithelial disruption were significantly mitigated on LGG co-supplementation against ethanol in zebrafish. The present study provides a novel approach toward supplementation of probiotics such as LGG in modulation of gut commensal microbiota influencing zebrafish behavior. Moreover, the findings delineate the possible role of probiotics as a curative administration to counter ethanol-persuaded neurological outcomes.
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Charlton AJ, Perry CJ. The Effect of Chronic Alcohol on Cognitive Decline: Do Variations in Methodology Impact Study Outcome? An Overview of Research From the Past 5 Years. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:836827. [PMID: 35360176 PMCID: PMC8960615 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.836827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol use is often associated with accelerated cognitive decline, and extensive research using animal models of human alcohol consumption has been conducted into potential mechanisms for this relationship. Within this literature there is considerable variability in the types of models used. For example, alcohol administration style (voluntary/forced), length and schedule of exposure and abstinence period are often substantially different between studies. In this review, we evaluate recent research into alcohol-induced cognitive decline according to methodology of alcohol access, as well as cognitive behavioral task employed. Our aim was to query whether the nature and severity of deficits observed may be impacted by the schedule and type of alcohol administration. We furthermore examined whether there is any apparent relationship between the amount of alcohol consumed and the severity of the deficit, as well as the potential impact of abstinence length, and other factors such as age of administration, and sex of subject. Over the past five years, researchers have overwhelmingly used non-voluntary methods of intake, however deficits are still found where intake is voluntary. Magnitude of intake and type of task seem most closely related to the likelihood of producing a deficit, however even this did not follow a consistent pattern. We highlight the importance of using systematic and clear reporting styles to facilitate consistency across the literature in this regard. We hope that this analysis will provide important insights into how experimental protocols might influence findings, and how different patterns of consumption are more or less likely to produce an addiction-vulnerable cognitive phenotype in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annai J. Charlton
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christina J. Perry
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Christina J. Perry,
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Effect of vortioxetine in subjects with major depressive and alcohol use disorders: a 6-month retrospective analysis. CNS Spectr 2022; 27:73-81. [PMID: 32772956 DOI: 10.1017/s109285292000173x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are highly comorbid, with greater clinical complexity and psychosocial impairment. Several antidepressants have been used in this population, with mixed results. This preliminary study aims to investigate the effects of the multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine in MDD + AUD subjects. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 57 MDD + AUD and 56 MDD outpatients, matched for baseline characteristics. Patients were assessed after 1, 3, and 6 months treatment with vortioxetine (10-20 mg/d, flexibly dosed) in combination with continuous psychosocial support. The primary outcome was improvement in depressive symptoms measured by the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. We also investigated changes in anxiety, anhedonia, cognition, functioning, quality of life, and clinical global severity using the following instruments: Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression, Functioning Assessment Short Test, Quality of Life Index, and Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale. RESULTS Vortioxetine significantly improved mood in MDD + AUD patients (P < .001), with no differences when compared to MDD (P = .36). A substantial rate (45.6%) of comorbid subjects obtained clinical remission at endpoint (P = .36 vs MDD). We additionally observed baseline to endpoint improvements on all secondary outcomes (P < .001), with no significant difference between groups. Overall, vortioxetine was safe and well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Given its effectiveness on mood, cognition, and functioning, its good safety and tolerability profile, and low potential for abuse, vortioxetine could represent a valid pharmacological intervention in MDD + AUD patients as part of an integrated therapeutic-rehabilitation program.
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Abstract
PURPOSE A growing body of evidence has implicated the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in the acute, chronic, and withdrawal effects of alcohol/ethanol on synaptic function. These eCB-mediated synaptic effects may contribute to the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Alcohol exposure causes neurobiological alterations similar to those elicited by chronic cannabinoid (CB) exposure. Like alcohol, cannabinoids alter many central processes, such as cognition, locomotion, synaptic transmission, and neurotransmitter release. There is a strong need to elucidate the effects of ethanol on the eCB system in different brain regions to understand the role of eCB signaling in AUD. SEARCH METHODS For the scope of this review, preclinical studies were identified through queries of the PubMed database. SEARCH RESULTS This search yielded 459 articles. Clinical studies and papers irrelevant to the topic of this review were excluded. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The endocannabinoid system includes, but is not limited to, cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1), among the most abundantly expressed neuronal receptors in the brain; cannabinoid receptors 2 (CB2); and endogenously formed CB1 ligands, including arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA; anandamide), and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). The development of specific CB1 agonists, such as WIN 55,212-2 (WIN), and antagonists, such as SR 141716A (rimonabant), provide powerful pharmacological tools for eCB research. Alcohol exposure has brain region-specific effects on the eCB system, including altering the synthesis of endocannabinoids (e.g., AEA, 2-AG), the synthesis of their precursors, and the density and coupling efficacy of CB1. These alcohol-induced alterations of the eCB system have subsequent effects on synaptic function including neuronal excitability and postsynaptic conductance. This review will provide a comprehensive evaluation of the current literature on the synaptic interactions of alcohol exposure and eCB signaling systems, with an emphasis on molecular and physiological synaptic effects of alcohol on the eCB system. A limited volume of studies has focused on the underlying interactions of alcohol and the eCB system at the synaptic level in the brain. Thus, the data on synaptic interactions are sparse, and future research addressing these interactions is much needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Wolfe
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Valentina Vozella
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Marisa Roberto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
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Neural serotonergic circuits for controlling long-term voluntary alcohol consumption in mice. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4599-4610. [PMID: 36195637 PMCID: PMC9531213 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-use-disorders are chronic relapsing illnesses, often co-morbid with anxiety. We have previously shown using the "drinking-in-the-dark" model in mice that the stimulation of the serotonin receptor 1A (5-HT1A) reduces ethanol binge-drinking behaviour and withdrawal-induced anxiety. The 5-HT1A receptor is located either on Raphe neurons as autoreceptors, or on target neurons as heteroreceptors. By combining a pharmacological approach with biased agonists targeting the 5-HT1A auto- or heteroreceptor and a chemogenetic approach (DREADDs), here we identified that ethanol-binge drinking behaviour is dependent on 5-HT1A autoreceptors and 5-HT neuronal function, with a transition from DRN-dependent regulation of short-term (6 weeks) ethanol intake, to MRN-dependent regulation after longer ethanol exposure (12 weeks). We further identified a serotonergic microcircuit (5-HTMRN→DG) originating from the MRN and projecting to the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, that is specifically affected by, and modulates long-term ethanol consumption. The present study indicates that targeting Raphe nuclei 5-HT1A autoreceptors with agonists might represent an innovative pharmacotherapeutic strategy to combat alcohol abuse.
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11
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Arnoriaga-Rodríguez M, Mayneris-Perxachs J, Coll C, Pérez-Brocal V, Ricart W, Moya A, Ramió-Torrentà L, Pamplona R, Jové M, Portero-Otin M, Fernández-Real JM. Subjects with detectable Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the gut microbiota show deficits in attention and executive function. J Intern Med 2021; 290:740-743. [PMID: 34051000 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Arnoriaga-Rodríguez
- From the, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain.,Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Girona University, Girona, Spain
| | - J Mayneris-Perxachs
- From the, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain.,Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - C Coll
- Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Department of Neurology, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - V Pérez-Brocal
- Department of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of València Region (FISABIO-Public Health), València, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - W Ricart
- From the, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain.,Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Girona University, Girona, Spain
| | - A Moya
- Department of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of València Region (FISABIO-Public Health), València, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia and Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), València, Spain
| | - L Ramió-Torrentà
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Girona University, Girona, Spain.,Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Department of Neurology, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain.,Girona Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain
| | - R Pamplona
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida)-University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - M Jové
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida)-University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - M Portero-Otin
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida)-University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - J M Fernández-Real
- From the, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain.,Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Girona University, Girona, Spain
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12
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Nawarawong NN, Nickell CG, Hopkins DM, Pauly JR, Nixon K. Functional Activation of Newborn Neurons Following Alcohol-Induced Reactive Neurogenesis. Brain Sci 2021; 11:499. [PMID: 33921189 PMCID: PMC8071556 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11040499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstinence after alcohol dependence leads to structural and functional recovery in many regions of the brain, especially the hippocampus. Significant increases in neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and subsequent "reactive neurogenesis" coincides with structural recovery in hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). However, whether these reactively born neurons are integrated appropriately into neural circuits remains unknown. Therefore, adult male rats were exposed to a binge model of alcohol dependence. On day 7 of abstinence, the peak of reactive NSC proliferation, rats were injected with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to label dividing cells. After six weeks, rats underwent Morris Water Maze (MWM) training then were sacrificed ninety minutes after the final training session. Using fluorescent immunohistochemistry for c-Fos (neuronal activation), BrdU, and Neuronal Nuclei (NeuN), we investigated whether neurons born during reactive neurogenesis were incorporated into a newly learned MWM neuronal ensemble. Prior alcohol exposure increased the number of BrdU+ cells and newborn neurons (BrdU+/NeuN+ cells) in the DG versus controls. However, prior ethanol exposure had no significant impact on MWM-induced c-Fos expression. Despite increased BrdU+ neurons, no difference in the number of activated newborn neurons (BrdU+/c-Fos+/NeuN+) was observed. These data suggest that neurons born during alcohol-induced reactive neurogenesis are functionally integrated into hippocampal circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chelsea G. Nickell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (C.G.N.); (D.M.H.); (J.R.P.)
| | - Deann M. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (C.G.N.); (D.M.H.); (J.R.P.)
| | - James R. Pauly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (C.G.N.); (D.M.H.); (J.R.P.)
| | - Kimberly Nixon
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (C.G.N.); (D.M.H.); (J.R.P.)
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13
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Nickell CG, Thompson KR, Pauly JR, Nixon K. Recovery of Hippocampal-Dependent Learning Despite Blunting Reactive Adult Neurogenesis After Alcohol Dependence. Brain Plast 2020; 6:83-101. [PMID: 33680848 PMCID: PMC7903006 DOI: 10.3233/bpl-200108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The excessive alcohol drinking that occurs in alcohol use disorder (AUD) causes neurodegeneration in regions such as the hippocampus, though recovery may occur after a period of abstinence. Mechanisms of recovery are not clear, though reactive neurogenesis has been observed in the hippocampal dentate gyrus following alcohol dependence and correlates to recovery of granule cell number. Objective: We investigated the role of neurons born during reactive neurogenesis in the recovery of hippocampal learning behavior after 4-day binge alcohol exposure, a model of an AUD. We hypothesized that reducing reactive neurogenesis would impair functional recovery. Methods: Adult male rats were subjected to 4-day binge alcohol exposure and two approaches were tested to blunt reactive adult neurogenesis, acute doses of alcohol or the chemotherapy drug, temozolomide (TMZ). Results: Acute 5 g/kg doses of EtOH gavaged T6 and T7 days post binge did not inhibit significantly the number of Bromodeoxyuridine-positive (BrdU+) proliferating cells in EtOH animals receiving 5 g/kg EtOH versus controls. A single cycle of TMZ inhibited reactive proliferation (BrdU+ cells) and neurogenesis (NeuroD+ cells) to that of controls. However, despite this blunting of reactive neurogenesis to basal levels, EtOH-TMZ rats were not impaired in their recovery of acquisition of the Morris water maze (MWM), learning similarly to all other groups 35 days after 4-day binge exposure. Conclusions: These studies show that TMZ is effective in decreasing reactive proliferation/neurogenesis following 4-day binge EtOH exposure, and baseline levels of adult neurogenesis are sufficient to allow recovery of hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea G Nickell
- University of Kentucky, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - K Ryan Thompson
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX, USA
| | - James R Pauly
- University of Kentucky, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kimberly Nixon
- University of Kentucky, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lexington, KY, USA.,The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX, USA
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14
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Bai A, Jin Y, Huang Y. Impact of secondhand smoke exposure on cognitive function among middle-aged and older women in China: findings from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039824. [PMID: 33203633 PMCID: PMC7674084 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between secondhand smoke (SSH) and women's global cognitive function and cognitive subdomains. DESIGN Cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Data for this study were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2013-2015), and pooled analysis was applied to wave 1 and wave 2 (2011-2013), wave 2 and wave 3 (2013-2015) and wave 1 and wave 3 (2011-2015). Data from a total of 6875 Chinese women with normal cognitive function at baseline were selected for analysis, including 2981 who were interviewed in 2011, 2471 in 2013, and 1894 in 2015. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND METHODS SHS was classified based on the number of exposed years (<25 years, ≥25 years to <30 years, ≥30 years to <40 years, ≥40 years). Global cognitive function, visuospatial ability, orientation and attention, and episodic memory function were used as measures of cognitive function. Three waves of data were pooled using a dummy variable to differentiate between 2-year and 4-year groups. LDV models were used to examine independent associations between SHS and cognitive function. Demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, baseline cognitive functioning and health conditions were controlled for in our models. RESULTS SSH was found to be inversely and significantly associated with cognitive function. Compared with those who had not been exposed to household SSH, women who had lived with a smoking husband had a significantly faster cognition decline, especially in global cognitive function (β=-0.33, 95% CI=-0.66 to -0.01, p<0.01), visuospatial ability (β=-0.04, 95% CI=-0.08 to -0.01, p<0.05) and episodic memory function (β=-0.16, 95% CI=-0.31 to -0.01, p=0.031). CONCLUSIONS Household SSH exposure for more than 40 years was associated with a more significant decline in global cognitive function, visuospatial ability and episodic memory function, but not in orientation and attention function among older Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anying Bai
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinzi Jin
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangmu Huang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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15
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Cincotta C, Murawski NJ, Grella SL, McKissick O, Doucette E, Ramirez S. Chronic activation of fear engrams induces extinction-like behavior in ethanol-exposed mice. Hippocampus 2020; 31:3-10. [PMID: 32946184 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol withdrawal directly impacts the brain's stress and memory systems, which may underlie individual susceptibility to persistent drug and alcohol-seeking behaviors. Numerous studies demonstrate that forced alcohol abstinence, which may lead to withdrawal, can impair fear-related memory processes in rodents such as extinction learning; however, the underlying neural circuits mediating these impairments remain elusive. Here, we tested an optogenetic strategy aimed at mitigating fear extinction retrieval impairments in male c57BL/6 mice following exposure to alcohol (i.e., ethanol) and forced abstinence. In the first experiment, extensive behavioral extinction training in a fear-conditioned context was impaired in ethanol-exposed mice compared to controls. In the second experiment, neuronal ensembles processing a contextual fear memory in the dorsal hippocampus were tagged and optogenetically reactivated repeatedly in a distinct context in ethanol-exposed and control mice. Chronic activation of these cells resulted in a context-specific, extinction-like reduction in fear responses in both control and ethanol-exposed mice. These findings suggest that while ethanol can impair the retrieval an extinction memory, optogenetic manipulation of a fear engram is sufficient to induce an extinction-like reduction in fear responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Cincotta
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Stephanie L Grella
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Olivia McKissick
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Emily Doucette
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steve Ramirez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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16
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Sawyer KS, Adra N, Salz DM, Kemppainen MI, Ruiz SM, Harris GJ, Oscar-Berman M. Hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of alcohol use disorder. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236641. [PMID: 32776986 PMCID: PMC7416961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) has been associated with abnormalities in hippocampal volumes, but these relationships have not been fully explored with respect to sub-regional volumes, nor in association with individual characteristics such as age, gender differences, drinking history, and memory. The present study examined the impact of those variables in relation to hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of AUD. Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla, we obtained brain images from 67 participants with AUD (31 women) and 64 nonalcoholic control (NC) participants (31 women). The average duration of the most recent period of sobriety for AUD participants was 7.1 years. We used Freesurfer 6.0 to segment the hippocampus into 12 regions. These were imputed into statistical models to examine the relationships of brain volume with AUD group, age, gender, memory, and drinking history. Interactions with gender and age were of particular interest. Compared to the NC group, the AUD group had approximately 5% smaller subiculum, CA1, molecular layer, and hippocampal tail regions. Age was negatively associated with volumes for the AUD group in the subiculum and the hippocampal tail, but no significant interactions with gender were identified. The relationships for delayed and immediate memory with hippocampal tail volume differed for AUD and NC groups: Higher scores on tests of immediate and delayed memory were associated with smaller volumes in the AUD group, but larger volumes in the NC group. Length of sobriety was associated with decreasing CA1 volume in women (0.19% per year) and increasing volume size in men (0.38% per year). The course of abstinence on CA1 volume differed for men and women, and the differential relationships of subfield volumes to age and memory could indicate a distinction in the impact of AUD on functions of the hippocampal tail. These findings confirm and extend evidence that AUD, age, gender, memory, and abstinence differentially impact volumes of component parts of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayle S. Sawyer
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Sawyer Scientific, LLC, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Noor Adra
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Daniel M. Salz
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Maaria I. Kemppainen
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Susan M. Ruiz
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Gordon J. Harris
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Marlene Oscar-Berman
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
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17
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King JA, Nephew BC, Choudhury A, Poirier GL, Lim A, Mandrekar P. Chronic alcohol-induced liver injury correlates with memory deficits: Role for neuroinflammation. Alcohol 2020; 83:75-81. [PMID: 31398460 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) affects over 15 million adults over age 18 in the United States, with estimated costs of 220 billion dollars annually - mainly due to poor quality of life and lost productivity, which in turn is intricately linked to cognitive dysfunction. AUD-induced neuroinflammation in the brain, notably the hippocampus, is likely to contribute to cognitive impairments. The neuroinflammatory mechanisms mediating the impact of chronic alcohol on the central nervous system, specifically cognition, require further study. We hypothesized that chronic alcohol consumption impairs memory and increases the inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL6, MCP1, and IL1β in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex regions in the brain. Using the chronic-binge Gao-NIAAA alcohol mouse model of liver disease, representative of the drinking pattern common to human alcoholics, we investigated behavioral and neuroinflammatory parameters. Our data show that chronic alcohol intake elevated peripheral and brain alcohol levels, induced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT, a marker of liver injury), impaired memory and sensorimotor coordination, and increased inflammatory gene expression in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, serum ALT and hippocampal IL6 correlated with memory impairment, suggesting an intrinsic relationship between neuroinflammation, cognitive decline, and liver disease. Overall, our results point to a likely liver-brain functional partnership and suggest that future strategies to alleviate hepatic and/or neuroinflammatory impacts of chronic AUD may result in improved cognitive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean A King
- Center for Comparative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States; Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States.
| | - Benjamin C Nephew
- Center for Comparative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States; Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Asmita Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Guillaume L Poirier
- Center for Comparative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Arlene Lim
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Pranoti Mandrekar
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.
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18
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Cao H, Hou C, Huang S, Zhou X, Yang J, Xu JB, Cao X, Li Z, Zhang W, Zhang M, Liu X, Zhou X. The Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment in Alcohol-Dependent Patients Through RBANS Combined With ERPs. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:598835. [PMID: 33551868 PMCID: PMC7858675 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.598835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recently, the cognitive impairment of patients with alcohol dependence has attracted more and more attention. The combination of Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and event-related potentials (ERPs) for evaluating the degree of cognitive impairment in patients with alcohol dependence has not undergone enough in-depth investigation. Method: Sixty patients with alcohol dependence were selected as alcohol-dependence group, whereas 40 healthy volunteers served as a normal control group. The original scores of the RBANS sub-items, the incubation period, and volatility of ERPs between the two groups were compared, and the correlation among the above indicators in the alcohol-dependence group was further analyzed. Results: The RBANS test showed that the original scores of speech function, attention function, delayed memory, and immediate attention in the alcohol-dependence group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group. Compared with the normal control group, the latencies of P200 and P300 in the alcohol-dependence group were significantly prolonged, and the amplitude of P200 and P300 was significantly reduced. Correlation analysis between RBANS and ERPs in alcohol-dependence group showed that immediate attention score was positively correlated with P300 and P200 amplitude, visual breadth score was positively correlated with P200 latency, and attention function score was negatively correlated with P300 latency. Conclusion: As RBANS scale was highly correlated with the results of ERPs, the combined use of these two scales may serve as an objective basis for early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in patients with alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Hou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Saiping Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiafeng Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Bin Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenguang Li
- Department of Electrophysiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xuejun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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19
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Béracochéa D, Mons N, David V. Targeting the Glucocorticoid Receptors During Alcohol Withdrawal to Reduce Protracted Neurocognitive Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:580. [PMID: 31620025 PMCID: PMC6759466 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent regional glucocorticoid (GC) dysregulation in alcohol-withdrawn subjects emerges as a key factor responsible for protracted molecular and neural alterations associated with long-term cognitive dysfunction. Regional brain concentrations of corticosterone vary independently from plasma concentrations in alcohol-withdrawn subjects, which may account for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal-induced persistent pathology. Thus, from a pharmacological point of view, a main issue remains to determine the relative efficacy of compounds targeting the GC receptors to attenuate or suppress the long-lasting persistence of brain regional GC dysfunctions in abstinent alcoholics, as well as persistent changes of neural plasticity. Data from animal research show that acting directly on GC receptors during the withdrawal period, via selective antagonists, can significantly counteract the development and persistence of cognitive and neural plasticity disorders during protracted abstinence. A critical remaining issue is to better assess the relative long-term efficacy of GC antagonists and other compounds targeting the corticotropic axis activity such as gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) and GABAB agonists. Indeed, benzodiazepines (acting indirectly on GABAA receptors) and baclofen (agonist of the GABAB receptor) are the compounds most widely used to reduce alcohol dependence. Clinical and preclinical data suggest that baclofen exerts an effective and more powerful counteracting action on such persistent cognitive and endocrine dysfunctions as compared to diazepam, even though its potential negative effects on memory processes, particularly at high doses, should be better taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Béracochéa
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS UMR 5287, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
| | - Nicole Mons
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS UMR 5287, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
| | - Vincent David
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS UMR 5287, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
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20
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Hippocampal neural progenitor cells play a distinct role in fear memory retrieval in male and female CIE rats. Neuropharmacology 2018; 143:239-249. [PMID: 30273595 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adult male and female GFAP-TK transgenic rats experienced six weeks of chronic intermittent ethanol vapor inhalation (CIE). During the last week of CIE, a subset of male and female TK rats were fed with Valcyte to ablate neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Seventy-two hours after CIE cessation, all CIE and age-matched ethanol naïve controls experienced auditory trace fear conditioning (TFC). Twenty-four hours later all animals were tested for cue-mediated retrieval in the fear context. Adult male CIE rats showed a significant burst in NPCs paralleled by reduction in fear retrieval compared to naïve controls and Valcyte treated CIE rats. Adult female CIE rats did not show a burst in NPCs and showed similar fear retrieval compared to naïve controls and Valcyte treated CIE rats, indicating that CIE-mediated impairment in fear memory and its regulation by NPCs was sex dependent. Valcyte significantly reduced Ki-67 and NeuroD labeled cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) in both sexes, demonstrating a role for NPCs in reduced fear retrieval in males. Valcyte prevented adaptations in GluN2A receptor expression and synaptoporin density in the DG in males, indicating that NPCs contributed to alterations in plasticity-related proteins and mossy fiber projections that were associated with reduced fear retrieval. These data suggest that DG NPCs born during withdrawal and early abstinence from CIE are aberrant, and could play a role in weakening long-term memory consolidation dependent on the hippocampus.
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21
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Vitoria-Estruch S, Romero-Martínez A, Lila M, Moya-Albiol L. Differential cognitive profiles of intimate partner violence perpetrators based on alcohol consumption. Alcohol 2018; 70:61-71. [PMID: 29800781 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive evidence of heterogeneity in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrator profiles, there has been little research into neuropsychological deficits that might help us understand differences within this violent population. Moreover, studies on this topic have not paid much attention to the role of alcohol abuse in neuropsychological domains of IPV perpetrators. Hence, the current study was designed to examine neuropsychological differences among individuals who have committed domestic violence with high (n = 28, HA) and low (n = 35, LA) levels of alcohol consumption, and non-violent individuals (n = 37) to establish differential neuropsychological profiles. An exhaustive neuropsychological assessment battery was employed which combined the computer-based Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery with pencil-and-paper measures. Compared to controls, HA IPV perpetrators had slower processing speed and significantly more impairments in attentional set-shifting or switch attention, working and long-term memory, cognitive flexibility, planning, decision-making, emotion decoding skills, and perspective taking. Furthermore, there were differences between IPV perpetrator subgroups in attentional set-shifting or switch attention and cognitive empathy, with HA IPV perpetrators displaying more severe impairments in both cognitive domains than LA IPV perpetrators. Finally, the LA IPV perpetrators had significantly more impairments in working and long-term memory, executive functioning, and emotion decoding skills than controls, but they did not differ in processing speed, attentional set-shifting or switch attention, decision making, or perspective taking. Thus, the current findings suggest that IPV perpetrators with neuropsychological difficulties, especially those who are heavy drinkers, may have the greatest need for cognitive interventions. These cognitive deficits could be employed as targets for developing specific cognitive rehabilitation programs adjuvant to psychotherapeutic intervention for IPV perpetrators.
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22
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Marco EM, Peñasco S, Hernández MD, Gil A, Borcel E, Moya M, Giné E, López-Moreno JA, Guerri C, López-Gallardo M, Rodríguez de Fonseca F. Long-Term Effects of Intermittent Adolescent Alcohol Exposure in Male and Female Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:233. [PMID: 29234279 PMCID: PMC5712378 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is a serious public health concern that has a differential impact on individuals depending upon age and sex. Patterns of alcohol consumption have recently changed: heavy episodic drinking—known as binge-drinking—has become most popular among the youth. Herein, we aimed to investigate the consequences of intermittent adolescent alcohol consumption in male and female animals. Thus, Wistar rats were given free access to ethanol (20% in drinking water) or tap water for 2-h sessions during 3 days, and for an additional 4-h session on the 4th day; every week during adolescence, from postnatal day (pnd) 28–52. During this period, animals consumed a moderate amount of alcohol despite blood ethanol concentration (BEC) did not achieve binge-drinking levels. No withdrawal signs were observed: no changes were observed regarding anxiety-like responses in the elevated plus-maze or plasma corticosterone levels (pnd 53–54). In the novel object recognition (NOR) test (pnd 63), a significant deficit in recognition memory was observed in both male and female rats. Western Blot analyses resulted in an increase in the expression of synaptophysin in the frontal cortex (FC) of male and female animals, together with a decrease in the expression of the CB2R in the same brain region. In addition, adolescent alcohol induced, exclusively among females, a decrease in several markers of dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission, in which epigenetic mechanisms, i.e., histone acetylation, might be involved. Taken together, further research is still needed to specifically correlate sex-specific brain and behavioral consequences of adolescent alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Marco
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Peñasco
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Donina Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Gil
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Erika Borcel
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Moya
- Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Giné
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga-Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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23
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McGrath EL, Gao J, Kuo YF, Dunn TJ, Ray MJ, Dineley KT, Cunningham KA, Kaphalia BS, Wu P. Spatial and Sex-Dependent Responses of Adult Endogenous Neural Stem Cells to Alcohol Consumption. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:1916-1930. [PMID: 29129682 PMCID: PMC5785672 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol abuse results in alcohol-related neurodegeneration, and critical gaps in our knowledge hinder therapeutic development. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are a subpopulation of cells within the adult brain that contribute to brain maintenance and recovery. While it is known that alcohol alters NSCs, little is known about how NSC response to alcohol is related to sex, brain region, and stage of differentiation. Understanding these relationships will aid in therapeutic development. Here, we used an inducible transgenic mouse model to track the stages of differentiation of adult endogenous NSCs and observed distinct NSC behaviors in three brain regions (subventricular zone, subgranular zone, and tanycyte layer) after long-term alcohol consumption. Particularly, chronic alcohol consumption profoundly affected the survival of NSCs in the subventricular zone and altered NSC differentiation in all three regions. Significant differences between male and female mice were further discovered. Alcohol alters neural stem cell differentiation in a region-dependent manner Sex plays a role in neural stem cell response to alcohol consumption Sex contributes to regional differences of neural stem cell response to alcohol
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L McGrath
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA; Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore 21287, USA
| | - Junling Gao
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA
| | - Yong-Fang Kuo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA
| | - Tiffany J Dunn
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA
| | - Moniqua J Ray
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA
| | - Kelly T Dineley
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA
| | - Kathryn A Cunningham
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA
| | - Bhupendra S Kaphalia
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston 77555, USA; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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24
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Liu W, Crews FT. Persistent Decreases in Adult Subventricular and Hippocampal Neurogenesis Following Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Exposure. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:151. [PMID: 28855864 PMCID: PMC5557743 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis in hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and subventricular zone (SVZ) matures during adolescence to adult levels. Binge drinking is prevalent in adolescent humans, and could alter brain neurogenesis and maturation in a manner that persists into adulthood. To determine the impact of adolescent binge drinking on adult neurogenesis, Wistar rats received adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure (5.0 g/kg/day, i.g., 2 days on/2 days off from postnatal day, P25–P54) and sacrificed on P57 or P95. Neural progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and maturation using immunohistochemistry was determined in the DG and SVZ. We found that AIE exposure decreased neurogenesis in both brain regions in adulthood (P95). In the DG at P57, AIE exposure resulted in a significant reduction of SOX2+, Tbr2+, Prox1+ and parvalbumin (PV)+IR expression, and at P95 decreased DCX+ and PV+IR expression. AIE exposure also reduced the expression of two cell proliferation markers (Ki67+ and BrdU+IR with 300 mg/kg, 2 h) at P95. The immune signaling molecule β-2 microglobulin+ and the cell death marker activated caspase-3+IR were significantly increased in the DG by AIE exposure. In the SVZ, AIE exposure decreased SOX2+, Mash1+, DCX+ and Dlx2+IR expression at P95, but not at P57. Thus, in adulthood both brain regions have reduced neurogenesis following AIE exposure. To assess progenitor cell survival and maturation, rats were treated with BrdU (150 mg/kg/day, 14 days) to label proliferating cells and were sacrificed weeks later on P95. In the hippocampus DG, AIE exposure increased survival BrdU+ cells which differentiated into Iba1+ microglia. In contrast, SVZ had decreased BrdU+ cells similar to decreased DCX+ neurogenesis. These data indicate that AIE exposure causes a lasting decrease in both adult hippocampal DG and forebrain SVZ neurogenesis with brain regional differences in the AIE response that persist into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Fulton T Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, United States
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