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Zaidi S, Hayat S, Pichtel J. Arsenic-induced plant stress: Mitigation strategies and omics approaches to alleviate toxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108811. [PMID: 38870680 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a metalloid pollutant that is extensively distributed in the biosphere. As is among the most prevalent and toxic elements in the environment; it induces adverse effects even at low concentrations. Due to its toxic nature and bioavailability, the presence of As in soil and water has prompted numerous agricultural, environmental, and health concerns. As accumulation is detrimental to plant growth, development, and productivity. Toxicity of As to plants is a function of As speciation, plant species, and soil properties. As inhibits root proliferation and reduces leaf number. It is associated with defoliation, reduced biomass, nutrient uptake, and photosynthesis, chlorophyll degradation, generation of reactive oxygen species, membrane damage, electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation and genotoxicity. Plants respond to As stress by upregulating genes involved in detoxification. Different species have adopted avoidance and tolerance responses for As detoxification. Plants also activate phytohormonal signaling to mitigate the stressful impacts of As. This review addresses As speciation, uptake, and accumulation by plants. It describes plant morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes and how phytohormones respond to As stress. The review closes with a discussion of omic approaches for alleviating As toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameen Zaidi
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Shamsul Hayat
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
| | - John Pichtel
- Environment, Geology, and Natural Resources, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306-0495, USA
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Brooks SJ, Gomes T, Almeida AC, Christou M, Zheng C, Shaposhnikov S, Popa DG, Georgescu F, Oancea F. An ecotoxicological assessment of a strigolactone mimic used as the active ingredient in a plant biostimulant formulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116244. [PMID: 38537480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
A risk assessment on the aquatic toxicity of the plant biostimulant strigolactone mimic (2-(4-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-furan-2-yloxy)-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione (SL-6) was performed using a suite of standardised bioassays representing different trophic groups and acute and chronic endpoints. In freshwater, three trophic groups of algae, crustacea and fish were used. Whilst in seawater, algae (unicellular and macroalgae), Crustacea and Mollusca were employed. In addition, the genotoxicity of SL-6 was determined with the comet assessment performed on unicellular marine algae, oysters, and fish embryos. This was the first time ecotoxicity tests have been performed on SL-6. In freshwater, the lowest LOEC was measured in the unicellular algae at 0.31 mg/L SL-6. Although, similar LOEC values were found for embryo malformations and impacts on hatching rate in zebrafish (LOEC 0.31-0.33 mg/L). Consistent malformations of pericardial and yolk sac oedemas were identified in the zebrafish embryos at 0.31 mg/L. In marine species, the lowest LOEC was found for both Tisbe battagliai mortality and microalgae growth at an SL-6 concentration of 1.0 mg/L. Significant genotoxicity was observed above control levels at 0.0031 mg/L SL-6 in the unicellular algae and 0.001 mg/L SL-6 in the oyster and zebrafish larvae. When applying the simple risk assessment, based on the lowest NOECs and appropriate assessment factors, the calculated predicted no effect concentration (PNEC), for the ecotoxicity and the genotoxicity tests were 1.0 µg/L and 0.01 µg/L respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Brooks
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, Oslo 0579, Norway.
| | - Tânia Gomes
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, Oslo 0579, Norway
| | | | - Maria Christou
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, Oslo 0579, Norway
| | | | | | - Daria G Popa
- ICECHIM, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, Bucharest 060021, Romania
| | | | - Florin Oancea
- ICECHIM, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, Bucharest 060021, Romania
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Zhang Y, Li J, Guo K, Wang T, Gao L, Sun Z, Ma C, Wang C, Tian Y, Zheng X. Strigolactones alleviate AlCl 3 stress by vacuolar compartmentalization and cell wall blocking in apple. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38565306 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Poor management and excess fertilization of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards are causing increasingly serious soil acidification, resulting in Al toxicity and direct poisoning of roots. Strigolactones (SLs) are reported to be involved in plant responses to abiotic stress, but their role and mechanism under AlCl3 stress remain unknown. Here, we found that applying 1 μm GR24 (an SL analoge) significantly alleviated AlCl3 stress of M26 apple rootstock, mainly by blocking the movement of Al through cell wall and by vacuolar compartmentalization of Al. RNA-seq analysis identified the core transcription factor gene MdWRKY53, and overexpressing MdWRKY53 enhanced AlCl3 tolerance in transgenic apple plants through the same mechanism as GR24. Subsequently, we identified MdPMEI45 (encoding pectin methylesterase inhibitor) and MdALS3 (encoding an Al transporter) as downstream target genes of MdWRKY53 using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq). GR24 enhanced the interaction between MdWRKY53 and the transcription factor MdTCP15, further increasing the binding of MdWRKY53 to the MdPMEI45 promoter and inducing MdPMEI45 expression to prevent Al from crossing cell wall. MdWRKY53 also bound to the promoter of MdALS3 and enhanced its transcription to compartmentalize Al in vacuoles under AlCl3 stress. We therefore identified two modules involved in alleviating AlCl3 stress in woody plant apple: the SL-WRKY+TCP-PMEI module required for excluding external Al by blocking the entry of Al3+ into cells and the SL-WRKY-ALS module allowing internal detoxification of Al through vacuolar compartmentalization. These findings lay a foundation for the practical application of SLs in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jianyu Li
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Kexin Guo
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Tianchao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lijie Gao
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhijuan Sun
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Changqing Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yike Tian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
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Kalleku JN, Ihsan S, Al-Azzawi TNI, Khan M, Hussain A, Chebitok F, Das AK, Moon YS, Mun BG, Lee IJ, Ali S, Yun BW. Halotolerant Pseudomonas koreensis S4T10 mitigate salt and drought stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14258. [PMID: 38522952 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Salt and drought are documented among the most detrimental and persistent abiotic stresses for crop production. Here, we investigated the impact of Pseudomonas koreensis strain S4T10 on plant performance under salt and drought stress. Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 wild type and atnced3 mutant plants were inoculated with P. koreensis or tap water and exposed to NaCl (100 mM) for five days and drought stress by withholding water for seven days. P. koreensis significantly enhanced plant biomass and photosynthetic pigments under salt and drought stress conditions. Moreover, P. koreensis activated the antioxidant defence by modulating glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities to scavenge the reactive oxygen species produced due to the stress. In addition, the application of P. koreensis upregulated the expression of genes associated with antioxidant responses, such as AtCAT1, AtCAT3, and AtSOD. Similarly, genes linked to salt stress, such as AtSOS1, AtSOS2, AtSOS3, AtNHX1, and AtHKT1, were also upregulated, affirming the positive role of P. koreensis S4T10 in streamlining the cellular influx and efflux transport systems during salt stress. Likewise, the PGPB inoculation was observed to regulate the expression of drought-responsive genes AtDREB2A, AtDREB2B, and ABA-responsive genes AtAO3, AtABA3 indicating that S4T10 enhanced drought tolerance via modulation of the ABA pathway. The results of this study affirm that P. koreensis S4T10 could be further developed as a biofertilizer to mitigate salt and drought stress at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Nathanael Kalleku
- Department of Food Security and Agricultural Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Institute of International Research and Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Samsoor Ihsan
- Department of Food Security and Agricultural Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Institute of International Research and Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al-Azzawi
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Felistus Chebitok
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashim Kumar Das
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sun Moon
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Food Security and Agricultural Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Institute of International Research and Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
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Alsubaie QD, Al-Amri AA, Siddiqui MH, Alamri S. Strigolactone and nitric oxide collaborate synergistically to boost tomato seedling resilience to arsenic toxicity via modulating physiology and antioxidant system. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108412. [PMID: 38359557 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) poses a significant environmental threat as a metalloid toxin, adversely affecting the health of both plants and animals. Strigolactones (SL) and nitric oxide (NO) are known to play crucial roles in plant physiology. Therefore, the present experiment was designed to investigate the potential cumulative role of SL (GR24-0.20 μM) and NO (100 μM) in mitigating the adverse effect of AsV (53 μM) by modulating physiological mechanisms in two genotypes of tomato (Riogrand and Super Strain 8). A sample randomized design with four replicates was used to arrange the experimental pots in the growth chamber. 45-d old both tomato cultivars under AsV toxicity exhibited reduced morphological attributes (root and shoot length, root and shoot fresh weight, and root and shoot dry weight) and physiological and biochemical characteristics [chlorophyll (Chl) a and b content, activity of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity (an enzyme responsible for Chl biosynthesis), and carbonic anhydrase activity (an enzyme responsible for photosynthesis), and enhanced Chl degradation, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation due to enhanced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, the combined application of SL and NO was more effective in enhancing the tolerance of both varieties to AsV toxicity compared to individual application. The combined application of SL and NO improved growth parameters, biosynthesis of Chls, NO and proline. However, the combined application significantly suppressed cellular damage by inhibiting MDA and overproduction of ROS in leaves and roots, as confirmed by the fluorescent microscopy study and markedly upregulated the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate dismutase and glutathione reductase) activity. This study provides clear evidence that the combined application of SL and NO supplementation significantly improves the resilience of tomato seedlings against AsV toxicity. The synergistic effect of SL and NO was confirmed by the application of cPTIO (an NO scavenger) with SL and NO. However, further molecular studies could be imperative to conclusively validate the simultaneous role of SL and NO in enhancing plant tolerance to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasi D Alsubaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Amri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Pyrzanowska-Banasiak A, Boyunegmez Tumer T, Bukowska B, Krokosz A. A multifaceted assessment of strigolactone GR24 and its derivatives: from anticancer and antidiabetic activities to antioxidant capacity and beyond. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1242935. [PMID: 37954978 PMCID: PMC10639149 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1242935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Strigolactones are signaling molecules produced by plants, the main functions are the intracorporeal control of plant development and plant growth. GR24 strigolactone is one of the synthetic strigolactones and due to its universality and easy availability, it is a standard and model compound for research on the properties and role of strigolactones in human health. Purpose: In this research work, the impact of mainly GR24 strigolactone on the human body and the role of this strigol-type lactone in many processes that take place within the human body are reviewed. Study design: The article is a review of publications on the use of GR24 strigolactone in studies from 2010-2023. Publications were searched using PubMed, Elsevier, Frontiers, and Springer databases. The Google Scholar search engine was also used. For the review original research papers and reviews related to the presented topic were selected. Results: The promising properties of GR24 and other strigolactone analogs in anti-cancer therapy are presented. Tumor development is associated with increased angiogenesis. Strigolactones have been shown to inhibit angiogenesis, which may enhance the anticancer effect of these γ-lactones. Furthermore, it has been shown that strigolactones have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. There are also a few reports which show that the strigolactone analog may have antimicrobial and antiviral activity against human pathogens. Conclusion: When all of this is considered, strigolactones are molecules whose versatile action is their undeniable advantage. The development of research on these phytohormones makes it possible to discover their new, unique properties and surprising biological activities in relation to many mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Pyrzanowska-Banasiak
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Türkiye
| | - Bożena Bukowska
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anita Krokosz
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Bilal S, Saad Jan S, Shahid M, Asaf S, Khan AL, Lubna, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ, AL-Harrasi A. Novel Insights into Exogenous Phytohormones: Central Regulators in the Modulation of Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Responses in Rice under Metal(loid) Stress. Metabolites 2023; 13:1036. [PMID: 37887361 PMCID: PMC10608868 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a research model for monocotyledonous plants. Rice is also one of the major staple foods and the primary crop for more than half of the world's population. Increasing industrial activities and the use of different fertilizers and pesticides containing heavy metals (HMs) contribute to the contamination of agriculture fields. HM contamination is among the leading causes that affect the health of rice plants by limiting their growth and causing plant death. Phytohormones have a crucial role in stress-coping mechanisms and in determining a range of plant development and growth aspects during heavy metal stress. This review summarizes the role of different exogenous applications of phytohormones including auxin, cytokinin, gibberellins, ethylene, abscisic acid, strigolactones, jasmonates, brassinosteroids, and salicylic acids in rice plants for mitigating heavy metal stress via manipulation of their stress-related physiological and biochemical processes, and alterations of signaling and biosynthesis of genes. Exogenous administration of phytohormones and regulation of endogenous levels by targeting their biosynthesis/signaling machineries is a potential strategy for protecting rice from HM stress. The current review primarily emphasizes the key mechanistic phytohormonal-mediated strategies for reducing the adverse effects of HM toxicity in rice. Herein, we have provided comprehensive evidence for the effective role of exogenous phytohormones in employing defense responses and tolerance in rice to the phytotoxic effects of HM toxicity along with endogenous hormonal crosstalk for modulation of subcellular mechanisms and modification of stress-related signaling pathways, and uptake and translocation of metals. Altogether, this information offers a systematic understanding of how phytohormones modulate a plant's tolerance to heavy metals and may assist in directing the development of new approaches to strengthen rice plant resistance to HM toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Bilal
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Syed Saad Jan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Agriculture Research Institute, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mingora 19130, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX 77479, USA
| | - Lubna
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed AL-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
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Trasoletti M, Visentin I, Campo E, Schubert A, Cardinale F. Strigolactones as a hormonal hub for the acclimation and priming to environmental stress in plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3611-3630. [PMID: 36207810 PMCID: PMC9828678 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones are phytohormones with many attributed roles in development, and more recently in responses to environmental stress. We will review evidence of the latter in the frame of the classic distinction among the three main stress acclimation strategies (i.e., avoidance, tolerance and escape), by taking osmotic stress in its several facets as a non-exclusive case study. The picture we will sketch is that of a hormonal family playing important roles in each of the mechanisms tested so far, and influencing as well the build-up of environmental memory through priming. Thus, strigolactones appear to be backstage operators rather than frontstage players, setting the tune of acclimation responses by fitting them to the plant individual history of stress experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eva Campo
- DISAFA, PlantStressLabTurin UniversityTurinItaly
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Kleman J, Matusova R. Strigolactones: Current research progress in the response of plants to abiotic stress. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Navarro C, Navarro MA, Leyva A. Arsenic perception and signaling: The yet unexplored world. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:993484. [PMID: 36119603 PMCID: PMC9479143 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.993484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is one of the most potent carcinogens in the biosphere, jeopardizing the health of millions of people due to its entrance into the human food chain through arsenic-contaminated waters and staple crops, particularly rice. Although the mechanisms of arsenic sensing are widely known in yeast and bacteria, scientific evidence concerning arsenic sensors or components of early arsenic signaling in plants is still in its infancy. However, in recent years, we have gained understanding of the mechanisms involved in arsenic uptake and detoxification in different plant species and started to get insights into arsenic perception and signaling, which allows us to glimpse the possibility to design effective strategies to prevent arsenic accumulation in edible crops or to increase plant arsenic extraction for phytoremediation purposes. In this context, it has been recently described a mechanism according to which arsenite, the reduced form of arsenic, regulates the arsenate/phosphate transporter, consistent with the idea that arsenite functions as a selective signal that coordinates arsenate uptake with detoxification mechanisms. Additionally, several transcriptional and post-translational regulators, miRNAs and phytohormones involved in arsenic signaling and tolerance have been identified. On the other hand, studies concerning the developmental programs triggered to adapt root architecture in order to cope with arsenic toxicity are just starting to be disclosed. In this review, we compile and analyze the latest advances toward understanding how plants perceive arsenic and coordinate its acquisition with detoxification mechanisms and root developmental programs.
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