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Ecarnot F, Maggi S. The impact of the Mediterranean diet on immune function in older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:117. [PMID: 38780713 PMCID: PMC11116168 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Diet is one of the lifestyle factors that is most amenable to intervention, and has a substantial effect on the potential for successful aging and mitigation of the risk of disease. Good nutrition is a pillar of healthy aging, and a large body of evidence attests to the benefits of the Mediterranean diet on the quality of the aging process. The Mediterranean diet comprises a wide range of nutrients which, both individually and collectively, exert positive effects on immunity, in large part mediated by the gut microbiota. In this article, we review the effect of the Mediterranean diet on immunity, and how its beneficial effects are mediated by the gut microbiota. We review the effects of certain key components of the Mediterranean dietary pattern, including vitamins, zinc, selenium, and polyphenols. Overall, the existing body of evidence convincingly demonstrates that the Mediterreanean diet affects immune health by maintaining a healthy body weight and reducing the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases; by reducing inflammation and by promoting a healthy gut microbiota profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Ecarnot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Besançon, Boulevard Fleming, Besançon, 25000, France.
- SINERGIES Research unit, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, 25000, France.
| | - Stefania Maggi
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy
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Sereti F, Alexandri M, Papadaki A, Papapostolou H, Kopsahelis N. Carotenoids production by Rhodosporidium paludigenum yeasts: Characterization of chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. J Biotechnol 2024; 386:52-63. [PMID: 38548021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The high market potential imposed by natural carotenoids has turned the scientific interest in search for new strains, capable of synthesizing a wide spectrum of these pigments. In this study, Rhodosporidium paludigenum NCYC 2663 and 2664 were investigated for carotenoids production and lipid accumulation utilizing different carbon sources (glucose, fructose, sucrose, mixture of glucose: galactose). Strain R. paludigenum 2663 produced the highest total carotenoids titer (2.21 mg/L) when cultivated on sucrose, together with 4 g/L lipids (30% w/w content) and 7 g/L exopolysaccharides. In the case of R. paludigenum 2664, glucose favored the production of 2.93 mg/L total carotenoids and 1.57 g/L lipids (31.8% w/w content). Analysis of the chemical profile during fermentation revealed that β-carotene was the prominent carotenoid. Strain 2663 co-produced γ-carotene, torulene and torularhodin in lower amounts, whereas 2664 synthesized almost exclusively β-carotene. The produced lipids from strain 2663 were rich in oleic acid, while the presence of linoleic acid was also detected in the lipoic fraction from strain 2664. The obtained carotenoid extracts exhibited antioxidant (IC50 0.14 mg/mL) and high antimicrobial activity, against common bacterial and fungal pathogenic strains. The results of this study are promising for the utilization of biotechnologically produced carotenoids in food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Sereti
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece
| | - Maria Alexandri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Papadaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece
| | - Harris Papapostolou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kopsahelis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece.
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Loyala JV, Down B, Wong E, Tan B. Treatment of Cachexia in Gastric Cancer: Exploring the Use of Anti-Inflammatory Natural Products and Their Derivatives. Nutrients 2024; 16:1246. [PMID: 38674936 PMCID: PMC11053965 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Gastric cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Weight loss and malnutrition associated with cancer are linked with increased mortality rates and reduced quality of life. Cancer cachexia, characterised by the loss of skeletal muscle, is associated with approximately 20% of cancer-related deaths and differs from malnutrition in that it cannot be fully reversed by nutritional support alone. It is now recognised that the primary pathophysiological process underlying cancer cachexia is chronic inflammation leading to increased calorie consumption. Current treatments that focus on nutritional supplementation, psychological counselling, appetite stimulation and reducing inflammation are lacking in efficacy. This review focuses on the evidence supporting the potential roles of natural anti-inflammatory products and their derivatives including fatty acids, probiotics, amino acids, curcumin, fucoidan, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginger, resveratrol and Boswellia serrata in the management of gastric cancer cachexia. (2) Results: While natural anti-inflammatory products show promise in a number of in vitro and in vivo studies, there are only a small number of human studies available. Where present, the evidence base is heterogeneous, with varying study methodologies and outcomes. (3) Conclusions: Natural anti-inflammatory products represent a potential adjunctive therapy for gastric cancer cachexia. Further research, particularly well-designed clinical trials, is needed to elucidate their optimal role, dosing and safety profiles in the management of gastric cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerocin Vishani Loyala
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - Billy Down
- High Wycombe Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, High Wycombe HP11 2TT, UK;
| | - Enoch Wong
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - Benjamin Tan
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
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Nguyen PC, Nguyen MTT, Ban SY, Choi KO, Park JH, Tran PL, Pyo JW, Kim J, Park JT. Enzymatic synthesis and characterization of novel lipophilic inotodiol-oleic acid conjugates. Food Chem 2024; 437:137897. [PMID: 37918158 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we establish an efficient enzymatic approach for producing novel inotodiyl-oleates (IOs) from pure inotodiol and oleic acid to improve the properties of inotodiol. For the esterification between inotodiol and oleic acid, CALA and n-hexane were the optimal biocatalyst and solvents for forming IOs with 80.17% conversion yield. These IOs comprised two distinct monoesters, the C3 or C22 ester forms of inotodiol. Intriguingly, no diesters were detected. The IOs had a melting point of 53.48 °C, much lower than that of inotodiol (192.06 °C). The in vitro digestion rate of IOs (25-28%) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than that of cholesteryl-oleate (60%). Additionally, IOs exhibited much lower in vivo absorption than inotodiol when orally administered using different formulations (p < 0.05). The results indicated that IOs were resistant to enzymatic digestion in the small intestine, which could be advantageous in targeting the large intestine for disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phu Cuong Nguyen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - My Tuyen Thi Nguyen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Technology, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Viet Nam
| | - So-Young Ban
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; CARBOEXPERT Inc., Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Ok Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Park
- CARBOEXPERT Inc., Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Phuong Lan Tran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Technology, An Giang University, Long Xuyen 880000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Jang-Won Pyo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; CARBOEXPERT Inc., Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Xu M, Cui Y, Wei S, Cong X, Chen Y, Tian S, Yao A, Chen W, Weng L. Emerging nanomaterials targeting macrophage adapted to abnormal metabolism in cancer and atherosclerosis therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:13. [PMID: 38063240 PMCID: PMC10760796 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, as highly heterogeneous and plastic immune cells, occupy a pivotal role in both pro‑inflammatory (M1) and anti‑inflammatory (M2) responses. While M1‑type macrophages secrete pro‑inflammatory factors to initiate and sustain inflammation, M2‑type macrophages promote inflammation regression and uphold tissue homeostasis. These distinct phenotypic transitions in macrophages are closely linked to significant alterations in cellular metabolism, encompassing key response pathways such as glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and iron metabolism. These metabolic adaptations enable macrophages to adapt their activities in response to varying disease microenvironments. Therefore, the present review focused primarily on elucidating the intricate metabolic pathways that underlie macrophage functionality. Subsequently, it offers a comprehensive overview of the current state‑of‑the‑art nanomaterials, highlighting their promising potential in modulating macrophage metabolism to effectively hinder disease progression in both cancer and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xu
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ying Cui
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Wei
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xuelong Cong
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yiying Chen
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Shujie Tian
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Anqi Yao
- RDFZ Chaoyang Branch School, Beijing 100028, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Lixing Weng
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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Truong VL, Bae YJ, Rarison RHG, Bang JH, Park SY, Jeong WS. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Lipophilic Fraction from Liriope platyphylla Seeds Using Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Experiments. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14958. [PMID: 37834406 PMCID: PMC10573744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms counteract the pathogenesis of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, aging, and cancer. Therefore, enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions may help manage these pathological conditions. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of lipophilic fraction of Liriope platyphylla seeds (LLPS) using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments. Here GC-MS analysis tentatively identified forty-three lipophilic compounds in LLPS. LLPS exhibited powerful antioxidant activity, according to the results from chemical-based antioxidant assays on DPPH, ABTS+, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radicals scavenging, lipid peroxidation, reducing antioxidant powers, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, LLPS enhanced cellular antioxidant capacity by inhibiting reactive oxygen species formation and elevating antioxidant enzyme levels, including catalase and heme oxygenase-1. Moreover, LLPS attenuated inflammatory response by reducing nitric oxide secretion and downregulating the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and interleukin-1β in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophages. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses showed that key compounds in LPPS, particularly phytosterols and fatty acid esters, exerted antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties through regulating NFKB1, PTGS1, PTGS2, TLR4, PRKCA, PRKCD, KEAP1, NFE2L2, and NR1l2. Overall, these data suggest that LLPS may be a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent for developing functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Long Truong
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (V.-L.T.); (Y.-J.B.); (R.H.G.R.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Bae
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (V.-L.T.); (Y.-J.B.); (R.H.G.R.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Razanamanana H. G. Rarison
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (V.-L.T.); (Y.-J.B.); (R.H.G.R.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Ji-Hong Bang
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (V.-L.T.); (Y.-J.B.); (R.H.G.R.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - So-Yoon Park
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (V.-L.T.); (Y.-J.B.); (R.H.G.R.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Woo-Sik Jeong
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (V.-L.T.); (Y.-J.B.); (R.H.G.R.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Rarison RHG, Truong VL, Yoon BH, Park JW, Jeong WS. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Lipophilic Fractions from Polyscias fruticosa Leaves Based on Network Pharmacology, In Silico, and In Vitro Approaches. Foods 2023; 12:3643. [PMID: 37835296 PMCID: PMC10573055 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyscias fruticosa leaf (PFL) has been used in food and traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatism, ischemia, and neuralgia. However, the lipophilic components of PFL and their biological properties remain unknown. This study, integrating network pharmacology analysis with in silico and in vitro approaches, aimed to elucidate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities of lipophilic extracts from PFL. A total of 71 lipophilic compounds were identified in PFL using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses showed that key active compounds, mainly phytosterols and sesquiterpenes, were responsible for regulating core target genes, such as PTGS2, TLR4, NFE2L2, PRKCD, KEAP1, NFKB1, NR1l2, PTGS1, AR, and CYP3A4, which were mostly enriched in oxidative stress and inflammation-related pathways. Furthermore, lipophilic extracts from PFL offered powerful antioxidant capacities, as evident in our cell-free antioxidant assays. These extracts also provided a protection against oxidative stress by inducing the expression of catalase and heme oxygenase-1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, lipophilic fractions from PFL showed anti-inflammatory potential in downregulating the level of pro-inflammatory factors in LPS-treated macrophages. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of lipophilic extracts from PFL, which can be used as a fundamental basis for developing nutraceuticals and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razanamanana H. G. Rarison
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Van-Long Truong
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Food and Bio-industry Research Institute, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (V.-L.T.)
| | - Byoung-Hoon Yoon
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Park
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sik Jeong
- School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Food and Bio-industry Research Institute, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (V.-L.T.)
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Iskakov B, Kakimov M, Kudelski R, Mursalykova M, Kassenov A, Satayeva Z, Kardenov S, Kalibekkyzy Z, Mustafayeva A, Igenbayev A, Bembenek M. Improving the Technology of Primary Purification of the Safflower Oil Using Secondary Products of Processing on a Biological Basis. Foods 2023; 12:3275. [PMID: 37685208 PMCID: PMC10486502 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Safflower oil is a very valuable product for the body and human health. It is rich in macro- and microelements, vitamins and minerals, and also has antioxidant properties. The primary purification of safflower oil is an important stage of its production and directly affects the quality of the final product and its storage ability. Purifying safflower oil using a combination of filtration and sedimentation processes in an experimental cone-shaped centrifuge is a new direction in its processing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of flax fiber as a filter material for safflower oil. The Akmai variety of the safflower was tested. The results showed that the quality indicators of safflower oil before and after filtration through flax fiber are different. The amount of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic (18.31 ± 0.874%) and cis-linoleic acid (82.52 ± 1.854%) increased, as well as the content of arginine (2.1), tyrosine (0.57), methionine (0.4), cystine (2.5), tryptophan (2.6), and other amino acids (in oil g per 100 g of protein). The increase in the total amount of phenols (322.12 ± 6 mgEAG/kg of oil) was observed, which directly caused the higher antioxidant activity (42.65 ± 8%) of the safflower oil. These results demonstrate that flax fiber can enrich safflower oil. To find the optimal conditions for safflower oil centrifugation in a cone-shaped sedimentary-filtering centrifuge, the thickness of the flax fiber and the distance between the inner and outer perforated filter rotor were tested. It was found that the optimal and effective thickness of the flax fiber is 1.5 × 107 nm, while the thickness of the sediment is 0.5 × 107 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bauyrzhan Iskakov
- The Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Zhenis Avenue 62, Astana 010011, Kazakhstan
| | - Mukhtarbek Kakimov
- The Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Zhenis Avenue 62, Astana 010011, Kazakhstan
| | - Rafał Kudelski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maigul Mursalykova
- The Department of Technological Equipment and Machine Engineering, NJSC Shakarim University of Semey, St. Glinka 20A, Semey 071412, Kazakhstan
| | - Amirzhan Kassenov
- The Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Zhenis Avenue 62, Astana 010011, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhuldyz Satayeva
- The Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Zhenis Avenue 62, Astana 010011, Kazakhstan
| | - Serik Kardenov
- The Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Zhenis Avenue 62, Astana 010011, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanar Kalibekkyzy
- The Department of Food Production Technology and Biotechnology, NJSC Shakarim University of Semey, St. Glinka 20A, Semey 071412, Kazakhstan
| | - Ayaulym Mustafayeva
- The Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Zhenis Avenue 62, Astana 010011, Kazakhstan
| | - Aidyn Igenbayev
- The Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Zhenis Avenue 62, Astana 010011, Kazakhstan
| | - Michał Bembenek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Yoon SL, Grundmann O. Relevance of Dietary Supplement Use in Gastrointestinal-Cancer-Associated Cachexia. Nutrients 2023; 15:3391. [PMID: 37571328 PMCID: PMC10421404 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a multi-organ syndrome with unintentional weight loss, sarcopenia, and systemic inflammation. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients are more susceptible to cachexia development due to impaired nutrient absorption and digestion. Given the widespread availability and relatively low cost of dietary supplements, we examined the evidence and effects of fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids), melatonin, probiotics, and green tea for managing symptoms of GI cancer cachexia. A literature review of four specific supplements was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and CINAHL without a date restriction. Of 4621 available literature references, 26 articles were eligible for review. Fish oil decreased C-reactive protein and maintained CD4+ cell count, while melatonin indicated inconsistent findings on managing cachexia, but was well-tolerated. Probiotics decreased serum pro-inflammatory biomarkers and increased the tolerability of chemotherapy by reducing side effects. Green tea preparations and extracts showed a decreased risk of developing various cancers and did not impact tumor growth, survival, or adverse effects. Among these four supplements, probiotics are most promising for further research in preventing systemic inflammation and maintaining adequate absorption of nutrients to prevent the progression of cancer cachexia. Supplements may benefit treatment outcomes in cancer cachexia without side effects while supporting nutritional and therapeutic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saunjoo L. Yoon
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Oliver Grundmann
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Carvajal F, Sánchez-Gil A, Cardona D, Rincón-Cervera MA, Lerma-Cabrera JM. The Effect of Very-Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Central Nervous System and Their Potential Benefits for Treating Alcohol Use Disorder: Reviewing Pre-Clinical and Clinical Data. Nutrients 2023; 15:2993. [PMID: 37447319 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use poses a significant global health concern, leading to serious physical and socioeconomic issues worldwide. The current treatment options for problematic alcohol consumption are limited, leading to the exploration of alternative approaches, such as nutraceuticals. One promising target is very-long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC n-3 PUFAs). This review aims to compile the most relevant pre-clinical and clinical evidence on the effect of VLC n-3 PUFAs on alcohol use disorders and related outcomes. The findings suggest that VLC n-3 PUFAs may alleviate the physiological changes induced by alcohol consumption, including neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter dysregulation. Additionally, they can reduce withdrawal symptoms, improve mood, and reduce stress level, all of which are closely associated with problematic alcohol consumption. However, more research is required to fully understand the precise mechanisms by which VLC n-3 PUFAs exert their function. Furthermore, PUFAs should not be considered a standalone solution, but as a complement to other therapeutic approaches. Although preliminary evidence supports the potential therapeutic effect of VLC n-3 PUFAs on problematic alcohol consumption, additional research is needed to validate these findings and determine the optimal use of PUFAs as part of a comprehensive approach to the treatment of alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Carvajal
- Department of Psychology, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Center, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Sánchez-Gil
- Department of Psychology, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Center, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Diana Cardona
- Health Research Center, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Rincón-Cervera
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago 830490, Chile
| | - Jose Manuel Lerma-Cabrera
- Department of Psychology, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Center, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
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Kacemi R, Campos MG. Translational Research on Bee Pollen as a Source of Nutrients: A Scoping Review from Bench to Real World. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102413. [PMID: 37242296 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The emphasis on healthy nutrition is gaining a forefront place in current biomedical sciences. Nutritional deficiencies and imbalances have been widely demonstrated to be involved in the genesis and development of many world-scale public health burdens, such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, bee pollen is emerging as a scientifically validated candidate, which can help diminish conditions through nutritional interventions. This matrix is being extensively studied, and has proven to be a very rich and well-balanced nutrient pool. In this work, we reviewed the available evidence on the interest in bee pollen as a nutrient source. We mainly focused on bee pollen richness in nutrients and its possible roles in the main pathophysiological processes that are directly linked to nutritional imbalances. This scoping review analyzed scientific works published in the last four years, focusing on the clearest inferences and perspectives to translate cumulated experimental and preclinical evidence into clinically relevant insights. The promising uses of bee pollen for malnutrition, digestive health, metabolic disorders, and other bioactivities which could be helpful to readjust homeostasis (as it is also true in the case of anti-inflammatory or anti-oxidant needs), as well as the benefits on cardiovascular diseases, were identified. The current knowledge gaps were identified, along with the practical challenges that hinder the establishment and fructification of these uses. A complete data collection made with a major range of botanical species allows more robust clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Kacemi
- Observatory of Drug-Herb Interactions, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Heath Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria G Campos
- Observatory of Drug-Herb Interactions, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Heath Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC, FCT Unit 313), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
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