1
|
Borie-Guichot M, Lan Tran M, Garcia V, Oukhrib A, Rodriguez F, Turrin CO, Levade T, Génisson Y, Ballereau S, Dehoux C. Multivalent pyrrolidines acting as pharmacological chaperones against Gaucher disease. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107295. [PMID: 38513326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
A concise asymmetric synthesis of clickable enantiomeric pyrrolidines was achieved using Crabbé-Ma allenation. The synthesized iminosugars were grafted by copper-free strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition onto phosphorus dendrimers. The hexavalent and dodecavalent pyrrolidines were evaluated as β-glucocerebrosidase inhibitors. The level of inhibition suggests that monofluorocyclooctatriazole group may contribute to the affinity for the protein leading to potent multivalent inhibitors. Docking studies were carried out to rationalize these results. Then, the iminosugars clusters were evaluated as pharmacological chaperones in Gaucher patients' fibroblasts. An increase in β-glucocerebrosidase activity was observed with hexavalent and dodecavalent pyrrolidines at concentrations as low as 1 µM and 0.1 µM, respectively. These iminosugar clusters constitute the first example of multivalent pyrrolidines acting as pharmacological chaperones against Gaucher disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Borie-Guichot
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - My Lan Tran
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Garcia
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Paul Sabatier, France
| | | | - Frédéric Rodriguez
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric-Olivier Turrin
- IMD-Pharma, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France; LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS 31013 Toulouse CEDEX 6, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Paul Sabatier, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Génisson
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Ballereau
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Dehoux
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wongkittichote P, Cho SH, Miller A, King K, Herbst ZM, Ren Z, Gelb MH, Hong X. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Urinary Oligosaccharides and Glycoamino Acids for the Diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidosis and Glycoproteinosis. Clin Chem 2024:hvae043. [PMID: 38597162 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) and glycoproteinosis are 2 groups of heterogenous lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) caused by defective degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and glycoproteins, respectively. Oligosaccharides and glycoamino acids have been recognized as biomarkers for MPS and glycoproteinosis. Given that both groups of LSDs have overlapping clinical features, a multiplexed assay capable of unambiguous subtyping is desired for accurate diagnosis, and potentially for severity stratification and treatment monitoring. METHODS Urinary oligosaccharides were derivatized with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one (PMP) and analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) together with the underivatized glycoamino acids. Novel biomarkers were identified with a semi-targeted approach with precursor mass scanning, the fragmentation pattern (if applicable), and the biochemical basis of the condition. RESULTS A UPLC-MS/MS analysis with improved chromatographic separation was developed. Novel biomarkers for MPS-IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, and VII were identified and validated. A total of 28 oligosaccharides, 2 glycoamino acids, and 2 ratios were selected as key diagnostic biomarkers. Validation studies including linearity, lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ), and precision were carried out with the assay performance meeting the required criteria. Age-specific reference ranges were collected. In the 76 untreated patients, unambiguous diagnosis was achieved with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, the levels of disease-specific biomarkers were substantially reduced in the treated patients. CONCLUSIONS A multiplexed UPLC-MS/MS assay for urinary oligosaccharides and glycoamino acids measurement was developed and validated. The assay is suitable for the accurate diagnosis and subtyping of MPS and glycoproteinosis, and potentially for severity stratification and monitoring response to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parith Wongkittichote
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Se Hyun Cho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Artis Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kaitlyn King
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zackary M Herbst
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Zhimei Ren
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael H Gelb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Xinying Hong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jerves Serrano T, Gold J, Cooper JA, Church HJ, Tylee KL, Wu HY, Kim SY, Stepien KM. Hepatomegaly and Splenomegaly: An Approach to the Diagnosis of Lysosomal Storage Diseases. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1465. [PMID: 38592278 PMCID: PMC10932313 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical findings of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, the abnormal enlargement of the liver and spleen, respectively, should prompt a broad differential diagnosis that includes metabolic, congestive, neoplastic, infectious, toxic, and inflammatory conditions. Among the metabolic diseases, lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of rare and ultrarare conditions with a collective incidence of 1 in 5000 live births. LSDs are caused by genetic variants affecting the lysosomal enzymes, transporters, or integral membrane proteins. As a result, abnormal metabolites accumulate in the organelle, leading to dysfunction. Therapeutic advances, including early diagnosis and disease-targeted management, have improved the life expectancy and quality of life of people affected by certain LSDs. To access these new interventions, LSDs must be considered in patients presenting with hepatomegaly and splenomegaly throughout the lifespan. This review article navigates the diagnostic approach for individuals with hepatosplenomegaly particularly focusing on LSDs. We provide hints in the history, physical exam, laboratories, and imaging that may identify LSDs. Additionally, we discuss molecular testing, arguably the preferred confirmatory test (over biopsy), accompanied by enzymatic testing when feasible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Gold
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - James A. Cooper
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; (J.A.C.); (H.J.C.); (K.L.T.); (H.Y.W.)
| | - Heather J. Church
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; (J.A.C.); (H.J.C.); (K.L.T.); (H.Y.W.)
| | - Karen L. Tylee
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; (J.A.C.); (H.J.C.); (K.L.T.); (H.Y.W.)
| | - Hoi Yee Wu
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; (J.A.C.); (H.J.C.); (K.L.T.); (H.Y.W.)
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA;
| | - Karolina M. Stepien
- Salford Royal Organization, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Adult Inherited Metabolic Diseases Department, Salford M6 8HD, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Uribe-Carretero E, Rey V, Fuentes JM, Tamargo-Gómez I. Lysosomal Dysfunction: Connecting the Dots in the Landscape of Human Diseases. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:34. [PMID: 38248465 PMCID: PMC10813815 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomes are the main organelles responsible for the degradation of macromolecules in eukaryotic cells. Beyond their fundamental role in degradation, lysosomes are involved in different physiological processes such as autophagy, nutrient sensing, and intracellular signaling. In some circumstances, lysosomal abnormalities underlie several human pathologies with different etiologies known as known as lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). These disorders can result from deficiencies in primary lysosomal enzymes, dysfunction of lysosomal enzyme activators, alterations in modifiers that impact lysosomal function, or changes in membrane-associated proteins, among other factors. The clinical phenotype observed in affected patients hinges on the type and location of the accumulating substrate, influenced by genetic mutations and residual enzyme activity. In this context, the scientific community is dedicated to exploring potential therapeutic approaches, striving not only to extend lifespan but also to enhance the overall quality of life for individuals afflicted with LSDs. This review provides insights into lysosomal dysfunction from a molecular perspective, particularly in the context of human diseases, and highlights recent advancements and breakthroughs in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Uribe-Carretero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativa, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Verónica Rey
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Fuentes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativa, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Tamargo-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Leal AF, Inci OK, Seyrantepe V, Rintz E, Celik B, Ago Y, León D, Suarez DA, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Tomatsu S. Molecular Trojan Horses for treating lysosomal storage diseases. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 140:107648. [PMID: 37598508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are caused by monogenic mutations in genes encoding for proteins related to the lysosomal function. Lysosome plays critical roles in molecule degradation and cell signaling through interplay with many other cell organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and peroxisomes. Even though several strategies (i.e., protein replacement and gene therapy) have been attempted for LSDs with promising results, there are still some challenges when hard-to-treat tissues such as bone (i.e., cartilages, ligaments, meniscus, etc.), the central nervous system (mostly neurons), and the eye (i.e., cornea, retina) are affected. Consistently, searching for novel strategies to reach those tissues remains a priority. Molecular Trojan Horses have been well-recognized as a potential alternative in several pathological scenarios for drug delivery, including LSDs. Even though molecular Trojan Horses refer to genetically engineered proteins to overcome the blood-brain barrier, such strategy can be extended to strategies able to transport and deliver drugs to specific tissues or cells using cell-penetrating peptides, monoclonal antibodies, vesicles, extracellular vesicles, and patient-derived cells. Only some of those platforms have been attempted in LSDs. In this paper, we review the most recent efforts to develop molecular Trojan Horses and discuss how this strategy could be implemented to enhance the current efficacy of strategies such as protein replacement and gene therapy in the context of LSDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Felipe Leal
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Orhan Kerim Inci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Volkan Seyrantepe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Estera Rintz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Betul Celik
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Yasuhiko Ago
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Daniel León
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diego A Suarez
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Javier Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Shunji Tomatsu
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tucci F, Consiglieri G, Cossutta M, Bernardo ME. Current and Future Perspective in Hematopoietic Stem Progenitor Cell-gene Therapy for Inborn Errors of Metabolism. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e953. [PMID: 37711990 PMCID: PMC10499111 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Tucci
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Consiglieri
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Matilde Cossutta
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
- “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Spataro F, Carlucci P, Loverre T, Macchia L, Di Bona D. Hypersensitivity reaction during enzyme replacement therapy in lysosomal storage disorders. A systematic review of desensitization strategies. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13981. [PMID: 37366214 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are rare genetic metabolic disorders that cause the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in lysosomes due to enzyme deficiency or reduced function. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) represents the gold standard treatment, but hypersensitivity reaction can occur resulting in treatment discontinuation. Thus, desensitization procedures for different culprit recombinant enzymes can be performed to restore ERT. We searched desensitization procedures performed in LSDs and focused on skin test results, protocols and premedication performed, and breakthrough reactions occurred during infusions. Fifty-two patients have been subjected to desensitization procedures successfully. Skin tests, with the culprit recombinant enzyme, deemed positive in 29 cases, doubtful in two cases, and not performed in four patients. Moreover, 29 of the 52 desensitization protocols used at the first infusion were breakthrough reaction free. Different desensitization strategies have proved safe and effective in restoring ERT in patients with previous hypersensitivity reactions. Most of these events seem to be Type I hypersensitivity reactions (IgE-mediated). Standardized in vivo and in vitro testing is necessary to better estimate the risk of the procedure and find the safest individualized desensitization protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Spataro
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Palma Carlucci
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Loverre
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Macchia
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Danilo Di Bona
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li B, Zhao D, Li Y, Yang Y, Zhu X, Li J, Bi C, Zhang X. Obtaining the best igRNAs for bystander-less correction of all ABE-reversible pathogenic SNVs using high-throughput screening. Mol Ther 2023; 31:1167-1176. [PMID: 36733252 PMCID: PMC10124137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Imperfect -gRNA (igRNA) provides a simple strategy for single-base editing of a base editor. However, a significant number of igRNAs need to be generated and tested for each target locus to achieve efficient single-base reversion of pathogenic single nucleotide variations (SNVs), which hinders the direct application of this technology. To provide ready-to-use igRNAs for single-base and bystander-less correction of all the adenine base editor (ABE)-reversible pathogenic SNVs, we employed a high-throughput method to edit all 5,253 known ABE-reversible pathogenic SNVs, each with multiple systematically designed igRNAs, and two libraries of 96,000 igRNAs were tested. A total of 1,988 SNV loci could be single-base reversed by igRNA with a >30% efficiency. Among these 1,988 loci, 378 SNV loci exhibited an efficiency of more than 90%. At the same time, the bystander editing efficiency of 76.62% of the SNV loci was reduced to 0%, while remaining below 1% for another 18.93% of the loci. These ready-to-use igRNAs provided the best solutions for a substantial portion of the 4,657 pathogenic/likely pathogenic SNVs. In this work, we overcame one of the most significant obstacles of base editors and provide a ready-to-use platform for the genetic treatment of diseases caused by ABE-reversible SNVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yaqiu Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yuanzhao Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Xiagu Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Ju Li
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Changhao Bi
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pandey MK. Exploring Pro-Inflammatory Immunological Mediators: Unraveling the Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041067. [PMID: 37189685 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases are a group of rare and ultra-rare genetic disorders caused by defects in specific genes that result in the accumulation of toxic substances in the lysosome. This excess accumulation of such cellular materials stimulates the activation of immune and neurological cells, leading to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Examples of lysosomal storage diseases include Gaucher, Fabry, Tay–Sachs, Sandhoff, and Wolman diseases. These diseases are characterized by the accumulation of various substrates, such as glucosylceramide, globotriaosylceramide, ganglioside GM2, sphingomyelin, ceramide, and triglycerides, in the affected cells. The resulting pro-inflammatory environment leads to the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and several components of complement cascades, which contribute to the progressive neurodegeneration seen in these diseases. In this study, we provide an overview of the genetic defects associated with lysosomal storage diseases and their impact on the induction of neuro-immune inflammation. By understanding the underlying mechanisms behind these diseases, we aim to provide new insights into potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for monitoring and managing the severity of these diseases. In conclusion, lysosomal storage diseases present a complex challenge for patients and clinicians, but this study offers a comprehensive overview of the impact of these diseases on the central and peripheral nervous systems and provides a foundation for further research into potential treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0515, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mignani L, Guerra J, Corli M, Capoferri D, Presta M. Zebra-Sphinx: Modeling Sphingolipidoses in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054747. [PMID: 36902174 PMCID: PMC10002607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipidoses are inborn errors of metabolism due to the pathogenic mutation of genes that encode for lysosomal enzymes, transporters, or enzyme cofactors that participate in the sphingolipid catabolism. They represent a subgroup of lysosomal storage diseases characterized by the gradual lysosomal accumulation of the substrate(s) of the defective proteins. The clinical presentation of patients affected by sphingolipid storage disorders ranges from a mild progression for some juvenile- or adult-onset forms to severe/fatal infantile forms. Despite significant therapeutic achievements, novel strategies are required at basic, clinical, and translational levels to improve patient outcomes. On these bases, the development of in vivo models is crucial for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of sphingolipidoses and for the development of efficacious therapeutic strategies. The teleost zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a useful platform to model several human genetic diseases owing to the high grade of genome conservation between human and zebrafish, combined with precise genome editing and the ease of manipulation. In addition, lipidomic studies have allowed the identification in zebrafish of all of the main classes of lipids present in mammals, supporting the possibility to model diseases of the lipidic metabolism in this animal species with the advantage of using mammalian lipid databases for data processing. This review highlights the use of zebrafish as an innovative model system to gain novel insights into the pathogenesis of sphingolipidoses, with possible implications for the identification of more efficacious therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|
11
|
Shaimardanova AA, Solovyeva VV, Issa SS, Rizvanov AA. Gene Therapy of Sphingolipid Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043627. [PMID: 36835039 PMCID: PMC9964151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipidoses are defined as a group of rare hereditary diseases resulting from mutations in the genes encoding lysosomal enzymes. This group of lysosomal storage diseases includes more than 10 genetic disorders, including GM1-gangliosidosis, Tay-Sachs disease, Sandhoff disease, the AB variant of GM2-gangliosidosis, Fabry disease, Gaucher disease, metachromatic leukodystrophy, Krabbe disease, Niemann-Pick disease, Farber disease, etc. Enzyme deficiency results in accumulation of sphingolipids in various cell types, and the nervous system is also usually affected. There are currently no known effective methods for the treatment of sphingolipidoses; however, gene therapy seems to be a promising therapeutic variant for this group of diseases. In this review, we discuss gene therapy approaches for sphingolipidoses that are currently being investigated in clinical trials, among which adeno-associated viral vector-based approaches and transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells genetically modified with lentiviral vectors seem to be the most effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alisa A. Shaimardanova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Valeriya V. Solovyeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Shaza S. Issa
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(905)-316-7599
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Muschol N, Koehn A, von Cossel K, Okur I, Ezgu F, Harmatz P, de Castro Lopez MJ, Couce ML, Lin SP, Batzios S, Cleary M, Solano M, Nestrasil I, Kaufman B, Shaywitz AJ, Maricich SM, Kuca B, Kovalchin J, Zanelli E. A phase I/II study on intracerebroventricular tralesinidase alfa in patients with Sanfilippo syndrome type B. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:165076. [PMID: 36413418 PMCID: PMC9843052 DOI: 10.1172/jci165076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSanfilippo type B is a mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) with a major neuronopathic component characterized by heparan sulfate (HS) accumulation due to mutations in the NAGLU gene encoding alfa-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase. Enzyme replacement therapy for neuronopathic MPS requires efficient enzyme delivery throughout the brain in order to normalize HS levels, prevent brain atrophy, and potentially delay cognitive decline.MethodsIn this phase I/II open-label study, patients with MPS type IIIB (n = 22) were treated with tralesinidase alfa administered i.c.v. The patients were monitored for drug exposure; total HS and HS nonreducing end (HS-NRE) levels in both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma; anti-drug antibody response; brain, spleen, and liver volumes as measured by MRI; and cognitive development as measured by age-equivalent (AEq) scores.ResultsIn the Part 1 dose escalation (30, 100, and 300 mg) phase, a 300 mg dose of tralesinidase alfa was necessary to achieve normalization of HS and HS-NRE levels in the CSF and plasma. In Part 2, 300 mg tralesinidase alfa sustained HS and HS-NRE normalization in the CSF and stabilized cortical gray matter volume (CGMV) over 48 weeks of treatment. Resolution of hepatomegaly and a reduction in spleen volume were observed in most patients. Significant correlations were also established between the change in cognitive AEq score and plasma drug exposure, plasma HS-NRE levels, and CGMV.ConclusionAdministration of tralesinidase alfa i.c.v. effectively normalized HS and HS-NRE levels as a prerequisite for clinical efficacy. Peripheral drug exposure data suggest a role for the glymphatic system in altering tralesinidase alfa efficacy.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT02754076.FUNDINGBioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. and Allievex Corporation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Muschol
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, International Center for Lysosomal Disorders (ICLD), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anja Koehn
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, International Center for Lysosomal Disorders (ICLD), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina von Cossel
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, International Center for Lysosomal Disorders (ICLD), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ilyas Okur
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Pediatric Metabolism and Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Ezgu
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Pediatric Metabolism and Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Paul Harmatz
- UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Maria J. de Castro Lopez
- Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, CIBERER, MetabERN, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Maria Luz Couce
- Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, CIBERER, MetabERN, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Igor Nestrasil
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, and Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brian Kaufman
- CLB Consulting, Falls of Neuse, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Bernice Kuca
- Allievex Corporation, Marblehead, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Eric Zanelli
- Allievex Corporation, Marblehead, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fachel FNS, Frâncio L, Poletto É, Schuh RS, Teixeira HF, Giugliani R, Baldo G, Matte U. Gene editing strategies to treat lysosomal disorders: The example of mucopolysaccharidoses. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114616. [PMID: 36356930 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders are a group of progressive multisystemic hereditary diseases with a combined incidence of 1:4,800. Here we review the clinical and molecular characteristics of these diseases, with a special focus on Mucopolysaccharidoses, caused primarily by the lysosomal storage of glycosaminoglycans. Different gene editing techniques can be used to ameliorate their symptoms, using both viral and nonviral delivery methods. Whereas these are still being tested in animal models, early results of phase I/II clinical trials of gene therapy show how this technology may impact the future treatment of these diseases. Hurdles related to specific hard-to-reach organs, such as the central nervous system, heart, joints, and the eye must be tackled. Finally, the regulatory framework necessary to advance into clinical practice is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Nathiely Silveira Fachel
- Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lariane Frâncio
- Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Édina Poletto
- Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselena Silvestri Schuh
- Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Genética, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Baldo
- Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Fisiologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Genética, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li X, Ren X, Zhang Y, Ding L, Huo M, Li Q. Fabry disease: Mechanism and therapeutics strategies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1025740. [PMID: 36386210 PMCID: PMC9643830 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1025740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease is a monogenic disease characterized by a deficiency or loss of the α-galactosidase A (GLA). The resulting impairment in lysosomal GLA enzymatic activity leads to the pathogenic accumulation of enzymatic substrate and, consequently, the progressive appearance of clinical symptoms in target organs, including the heart, kidney, and brain. However, the mechanisms involved in Fabry disease-mediated organ damage are largely ambiguous and poorly understood, which hinders the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of this disorder. Although currently available clinical approaches have shown some efficiency in the treatment of Fabry disease, they all exhibit limitations that need to be overcome. In this review, we first introduce current mechanistic knowledge of Fabry disease and discuss potential therapeutic strategies for its treatment. We then systemically summarize and discuss advances in research on therapeutic approaches, including enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), gene therapy, and chaperone therapy, as well as strategies targeting subcellular compartments, such as lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the nucleus. Finally, the future development of potential therapeutic strategies is discussed based on the results of mechanistic studies and the limitations associated with these therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangyi Ren
- Core Facilities of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yabing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minfeng Huo
- Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Li, ; Minfeng Huo,
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Li, ; Minfeng Huo,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
An Overview of Molecular Mechanisms in Fabry Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101460. [PMID: 36291669 PMCID: PMC9599883 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) (OMIM #301500) is a rare genetic lysosomal storage disorder (LSD). LSDs are characterized by inappropriate lipid accumulation in lysosomes due to specific enzyme deficiencies. In FD, the defective enzyme is α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A), which is due to a mutation in the GLA gene on the X chromosome. The enzyme deficiency leads to a continuous deposition of neutral glycosphingolipids (globotriaosylceramide) in the lysosomes of numerous tissues and organs, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, corneal epithelial cells, renal glomeruli and tubules, cardiac muscle and ganglion cells of the nervous system. This condition leads to progressive organ failure and premature death. The increasing understanding of FD, and LSD in general, has led in recent years to the introduction of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), which aims to slow, if not halt, the progression of the metabolic disorder. In this review, we provide an overview of the main features of FD, focusing on its molecular mechanism and the role of biomarkers.
Collapse
|
16
|
Grabowski GA, Mistry PK. Therapies for lysosomal storage diseases: Principles, practice, and prospects for refinements based on evolving science. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 137:81-91. [PMID: 35933791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Grabowski
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, United States of America; Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America.
| | - Pramod K Mistry
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Del Grosso A, Parlanti G, Mezzena R, Cecchini M. Current treatment options and novel nanotechnology-driven enzyme replacement strategies for lysosomal storage disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114464. [PMID: 35878795 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a vast group of more than 50 clinically identified metabolic diseases. They are singly rare, but they affect collectively 1 on 5,000 live births. They result in most of the cases from an enzymatic defect within lysosomes, which causes the subsequent augmentation of unwanted substrates. This accumulation process leads to plenty of clinical signs, determined by the specific substrate and accumulation area. The majority of LSDs present a broad organ and tissue engagement. Brain, connective tissues, viscera and bones are usually afflicted. Among them, brain disease is markedly frequent (two-thirds of LSDs). The most clinically employed approach to treat LSDs is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), which is practiced by administering systemically the missed or defective enzyme. It represents a healthful strategy for 11 LSDs at the moment, but it solves the pathology only in the case of Gaucher disease. This approach, in fact, is not efficacious in the case of LSDs that have an effect on the central nervous system (CNS) due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Additionally, ERT suffers from several other weak points, such as low penetration of the exogenously administered enzyme to poorly vascularized areas, the development of immunogenicity and infusion-associated reactions (IARs), and, last but not least, the very high cost and lifelong needed. To ameliorate these weaknesses lot of efforts have been recently spent around the development of innovative nanotechnology-driven ERT strategies. They may boost the power of ERT and minimize adverse reactions by loading enzymes into biodegradable nanomaterials. Enzyme encapsulation into biocompatible liposomes, micelles, and polymeric nanoparticles, for example, can protect enzymatic activity, eliminating immunologic reactions and premature enzyme degradation. It can also permit a controlled release of the payload, ameliorating pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug. Additionally, the potential to functionalize the surface of the nanocarrier with targeting agents (antibodies or peptides), could promote the passage through biological barriers. In this review we examined the clinically applied ERTs, highlighting limitations that do not allow to completely cure the specific LSD. Later, we critically consider the nanotechnology-based ERT strategies that have beenin-vitroand/orin-vivotested to improve ERT efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Del Grosso
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Parlanti
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Mezzena
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zerra PE, Parker ET, Baldwin WH, Healey JF, Patel SR, McCoy JW, Cox C, Stowell SR, Meeks SL. Engineering a Therapeutic Protein to Enhance the Study of Anti-Drug Immunity. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1724. [PMID: 35885029 PMCID: PMC9313379 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of anti-drug antibodies represents a significant barrier to the utilization of protein-based therapies for a wide variety of diseases. While the rate of antibody formation can vary depending on the therapeutic employed and the target patient population receiving the drug, the antigen-specific immune response underlying the development of anti-drug antibodies often remains difficult to define. This is especially true for patients with hemophilia A who, following exposure, develop antibodies against the coagulation factor, factor VIII (FVIII). Models capable of studying this response in an antigen-specific manner have been lacking. To overcome this challenge, we engineered FVIII to contain a peptide (323-339) from the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA), a very common tool used to study antigen-specific immunity. FVIII with an OVA peptide (FVIII-OVA) retained clotting activity and possessed the ability to activate CD4 T cells specific to OVA323-339 in vitro. When compared to FVIII alone, FVIII-OVA also exhibited a similar level of immunogenicity, suggesting that the presence of OVA323-339 does not substantially alter the anti-FVIII immune response. Intriguingly, while little CD4 T cell response could be observed following exposure to FVIII-OVA alone, inclusion of anti-FVIII antibodies, recently shown to favorably modulate anti-FVIII immune responses, significantly enhanced CD4 T cell activation following FVIII-OVA exposure. These results demonstrate that model antigens can be incorporated into a therapeutic protein to study antigen-specific responses and more specifically that the CD4 T cell response to FVIII-OVA can be augmented by pre-existing anti-FVIII antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E. Zerra
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (P.E.Z.); (J.W.M.)
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (E.T.P.); (W.H.B.); (J.F.H.); (S.R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Ernest T. Parker
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (E.T.P.); (W.H.B.); (J.F.H.); (S.R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Wallace Hunter Baldwin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (E.T.P.); (W.H.B.); (J.F.H.); (S.R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - John F. Healey
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (E.T.P.); (W.H.B.); (J.F.H.); (S.R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Seema R. Patel
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (E.T.P.); (W.H.B.); (J.F.H.); (S.R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - James W. McCoy
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (P.E.Z.); (J.W.M.)
| | - Courtney Cox
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (E.T.P.); (W.H.B.); (J.F.H.); (S.R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Sean R. Stowell
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shannon L. Meeks
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (E.T.P.); (W.H.B.); (J.F.H.); (S.R.P.); (C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Splicing Modulation as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Lysosomal Storage Disorders: The Mucopolysaccharidoses Example. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050608. [PMID: 35629276 PMCID: PMC9146820 DOI: 10.3390/life12050608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over recent decades, the many functions of RNA have become more evident. This molecule has been recognized not only as a carrier of genetic information, but also as a specific and essential regulator of gene expression. Different RNA species have been identified and novel and exciting roles have been unveiled. Quite remarkably, this explosion of novel RNA classes has increased the possibility for new therapeutic strategies that tap into RNA biology. Most of these drugs use nucleic acid analogues and take advantage of complementary base pairing to either mimic or antagonize the function of RNAs. Among the most successful RNA-based drugs are those that act at the pre-mRNA level to modulate or correct aberrant splicing patterns, which are caused by specific pathogenic variants. This approach is particularly tempting for monogenic disorders with associated splicing defects, especially when they are highly frequent among affected patients worldwide or within a specific population. With more than 600 mutations that cause disease affecting the pre-mRNA splicing process, we consider lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) to be perfect candidates for this type of approach. Here, we introduce the overall rationale and general mechanisms of splicing modulation approaches and highlight the currently marketed formulations, which have been developed for non-lysosomal genetic disorders. We also extensively reviewed the existing preclinical studies on the potential of this sort of therapeutic strategy to recover aberrant splicing and increase enzyme activity in our diseases of interest: the LSDs. Special attention was paid to a particular subgroup of LSDs: the mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs). By doing this, we hoped to unveil the unique therapeutic potential of the use of this sort of approach for LSDs as a whole.
Collapse
|
20
|
Development and clinical translation of ex vivo gene therapy. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:2986-3003. [PMID: 35782737 PMCID: PMC9218169 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Retroviral gene therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality for multiple inherited and acquired human diseases. The capability of delivering curative treatment or mediating therapeutic benefits for a long-term period following a single application fundamentally distinguishes this medical intervention from traditional medicine and various lentiviral/γ-retroviral vector-mediated gene therapy products have been approved for clinical use. Continued advances in retroviral vector engineering, genomic editing, synthetic biology and immunology will broaden the medical applications of gene therapy and improve the efficacy and safety of the treatments based on genetic correction and alteration. This review will summarize the advent and clinical translation of ex vivo gene therapy, with the focus on the milestones during the exploitation of genetically engineered hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) tackling a variety of pathological conditions which led to marketing approval. Finally, current statue and future prospects of gene editing as an alternative therapeutic approach are also discussed.
Collapse
|