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Yamaguchi M, Weir JD, Hartung R. The composition of linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid has potent synergistic effects on the growth and death of RAW264.7 macrophages: The role in anti-inflammatory effects. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112952. [PMID: 39151384 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA) is an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a family of LA isomers that includes both a trans fatty acid and a cis fatty acid. Both fatty acids play a nutritional role in maintaining health. Inflammation is critical in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. This study found that the combination of LA and CLA (LA/CLA), each of which had no effect, had a strong anti-synergistic effect on inflammatory macrophage RAW264.7 cells in vitro. Cells were cultured in a DMEM containing fetal bovine serum with or without either LA, CLA, or a combination of LA/CLA. The composition of LA and CLA at a comparatively lower concentration synergistically suppressed cell growth, resulting in a reduction in cell number. The underlying mechanism of this effect was based on reduced levels of Ras, PI3K, Akt, MAPK, and mTOR and elevated levels of p21, p53, and Rb, which are associated with cell growth. In addition, the combination of LA and CLA at a lower concentration stimulated potential cell death associated with increased caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 levels. Notably, this composition synergistically suppressed the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and PGE2, which are a major mediator of inflammation, with lipopolysaccharide stimulation in RAW264.7 cells This effect was associated with decreased levels of COX-1, COX-2, and NF-κB p65. This study may provide a useful tool for treating inflammatory conditions with the composition of LA and CLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Yamaguchi
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - James D Weir
- Department of Clinical Development, Primus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ 85251, USA
| | - Ryan Hartung
- Department of Clinical Development, Primus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ 85251, USA
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2
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Wang S, Miao J, Zhu P, Xu L. Co-delivery of Liposomal Ketoconazole and Bevacizumab for Synergistical Inhibition of Angiogenesis Against Endometrial Cancer. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01227-1. [PMID: 39230827 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we designed a novel formulation based on liposomes for the co-delivery of cancer-derived exosome inhibitor (ketoconazole, Keto) and angiogenesis inhibitor (bevacizumab, mAb). The designed Combo-Lipo formulation was systematically characterized, exhibiting a uniform average particle size of 100 nm, as well as excellent serum and long-term physical stabilities. The cell viability assay revealed that Combo-Lipo treatment significantly reduced the viability of cancer cells compared to free drugs. Moreover, liposomes effectively inhibited angiogenic mediators and reduced tumor immune suppressive factors. The Combo-Lipo formulation demonstrated potent downregulation of angiogenic factors and synergistic effects in suppressing their production. Furthermore, liposomes inhibited tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), leading to decreased expression of tumor-promoting factors. Together, these findings highlighted the promising characteristics of Combo-Lipo as a therapeutic formulation, including optimal particle size, serum stability, and potent anti-cancer effects, as well as inhibition of angiogenic mediators and TAMs toward treating endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Department of the First Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264099, Shandong, China
| | - Jinglin Miao
- Department of the Third Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, No. 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264099, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, No. 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264099, Shandong, China.
| | - Li Xu
- Department of the Third Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, No. 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264099, Shandong, China.
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3
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Das M, Mondal S, Ghosh R, Darbar S, Roy L, Das AK, Pal D, Bhattacharya SS, Mallick AK, Kundu JK, Pal SK. A study of scarless wound healing through programmed inflammation, proliferation and maturation using a redox balancing nanogel. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1594-1611. [PMID: 38545912 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
In the study, we have shown the efficacy of an indigenously developed redox balancing chitosan gel with impregnated citrate capped Mn3O4 nanoparticles (nanogel). Application of the nanogel on a wound of preclinical mice model shows role of various signaling molecules and growth factors, and involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at every stage, namely hemostasis, inflammation, and proliferation leading to complete maturation for the scarless wound healing. While in vitro characterization of nanogel using SEM, EDAX, and optical spectroscopy reveals pH regulated redox buffering capacity, in vivo preclinical studies on Swiss albino involving IL-12, IFN-γ, and α-SMA signaling molecules and detailed histopathological investigation and angiogenesis on every stage elucidate role of redox buffering for the complete wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monojit Das
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, India
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Howrah, India
| | - Susmita Mondal
- Department of Chemical, and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Ria Ghosh
- Department of Chemical, and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumendra Darbar
- Research and Development Division, Dey's Medical Stores (Mfg.) Ltd, Kolkata, India
| | - Lopamudra Roy
- Department of Applied Optics and Photonics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Das
- Department of Pathology, Coochbehar Government Medical College and Hospital, India
| | - Debasish Pal
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Howrah, India
| | | | - Asim Kumar Mallick
- Department of Pediatrics, Nil RatanSircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Howrah, India
- Department of Chemical, and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
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4
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Wang D, Liu R. The IL-12 family of cytokines: pathogenetic role in diabetic retinopathy and therapeutic approaches to correction. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03360-9. [PMID: 39120722 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
One vision-threatening side effect of systematic diabetes mellitus is diabetic retinopathy (DR). Recent studies have revealed that the development and progression of DR depend critically on inflammation resulting from diabetes. By attracting leukocytes to endothelium, the higher production of the inflammatory mediators induces degeneration of retinal capillaries, hence increasing vascular permeability and thrombosis probability. The leukocytes that are recruited eventually generate additional proinflammatory and proangiogenic substances, resulting in the increased infiltration of leukocytes in the retina. This process also leads to changes in the blood retinal barrier and the formation of new blood vessels, which helps to counteract the damage caused by the blockage of blood flow. IL-12 family members, IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, and IL-35, play a crucial role in regulating the responses of T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cell populations. The collected data from studies investigating the levels of IL-12 family members in the blood and eye tissues suggest that IL-12 is linked to DR, indicating that it may have a role in the development of DR as a sequential component of the immune response. This review specifically examines the possibility of using IL-12 family cytokines as a therapeutic approach for diabetes, taking into consideration their involvement in the development of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- The Fifth Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- The Fifth Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Sabolová G, Špaková I, Artimovič P, Bohuš P, Rabajdová M, Mareková M. The Pivotal Role of the Key Angiogenic Factors in the Development of Endometrioid Pathologies of the Uterus and Ovary. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2772. [PMID: 39199545 PMCID: PMC11352877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A characteristic feature of uterine pathologies is a specific change in cell metabolism, which predominantly manifests as a shift in the need for nutrients, thereby directing cells to engage in different angiogenic marker activities. Angiogenesis is one of the main signals supporting the survival and development of cells and tissues not only under physiological conditions. Therefore, it is necessary that we understand pathological hyperactivation in all uterine diseases, from endometriosis through ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma to malignant transformed cells of the uterine epithelium and body. This work presents the gene expression results of selected angiogenesis targets (VEGF-A, TGF-β1, ANG1/2, and HIF-1α), cell migration, and cell-cell interaction determined in vitro. Our results suggest that angiogenesis varies in the tested pathological conditions (ectopic endometriosis-12Z; ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma-A2780; tumors-SK-UT-1 and RL-95-2) compared to physiological angiogenesis (HME1). The differential expression of angiogenic factors may contribute (or is a contributing factor) to the observed differences to acknowledge an inherent variability in angiogenesis among cell lines. Determining the genomic phenomena responsible for processes associated with inadequate angiogenesis in the pelvic region could help us to develop individual treatment strategies and explain resistance to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Sabolová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, SK-04011 Košice, Slovakia; (G.S.); (P.A.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Ivana Špaková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, SK-04011 Košice, Slovakia; (G.S.); (P.A.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Peter Artimovič
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, SK-04011 Košice, Slovakia; (G.S.); (P.A.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Peter Bohuš
- Department of Pathology, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, SK-04011 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Miroslava Rabajdová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, SK-04011 Košice, Slovakia; (G.S.); (P.A.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Mária Mareková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, SK-04011 Košice, Slovakia; (G.S.); (P.A.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
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Wang Z, Tuerxun P, Ng T, Yan Y, Zhao K, Jian Y, Jia X. Enhancing angiogenesis in peri-implant soft tissue with bioactive silk fibroin microgroove coatings on zirconia surfaces. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae068. [PMID: 39027360 PMCID: PMC11257716 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Zirconia abutments and restorations have improved the aesthetic appeal of implant restoration, yet peri-implantitis poses a significant threat to long-term success. The soft tissue surrounding implants is a crucial biological barrier against inflammation and subsequent bone loss. Peri-implantitis, akin to periodontitis, progresses rapidly and causes extensive tissue damage. Variations in tissue structure significantly influence disease progression, particularly the lower vascular density in peri-implant connective tissue, compromising its ability to combat infection and provide essential nutrients. Blood vessels within this tissue are vital for healing, with angiogenesis playing a key role in immune defense and tissue repair. Enhancing peri-implant soft tissue angiogenesis holds promise for tissue integration and inflammation control. Microgroove surfaces have shown potential in guiding vessel growth, but using subtractive technologies to carve microgrooves on zirconia surfaces may compromise mechanical integrity. In this study, we utilized inkjet printing to prepare bioactive silk fibroin microgrooves (SFMG) coating with different sizes on zirconia surfaces. SFMG coating, particularly with 90 µm width and 10 µm depth, effectively directed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) along microgrooves, promoting their proliferation, migration, and tube formation. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A and fibroblast growth factor in HUVECs growing on SFMG coating was upregulated. Additionally, the SFMG coating activated the PI3K-AKT pathway and increased glycolytic enzyme gene expression in HUVECs. In conclusion, SFMG coating enhances HUVEC growth and angiogenesis potential by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway and glycolysis, showing promise for improving tissue integration and mitigating inflammation in zirconia abutments and restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Palati Tuerxun
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Takkun Ng
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Yan
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutao Jian
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshi Jia
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Sarf EA, Dyachenko EI, Bel’skaya LV. The Role of Salivary Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Cytokines, and Amino Acids in Immunomodulation and Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1329. [PMID: 38927536 PMCID: PMC11201966 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we focused on the analysis of VEGF content in saliva and its relationship with pro-inflammatory cytokines and amino acids involved in immunomodulation and angiogenesis in breast cancer. The study included 230 breast cancer patients, 92 patients with benign breast disease, and 59 healthy controls. Before treatment, saliva samples were obtained from all participants, and the content of VEGF and cytokines in saliva was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as the content of amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography. It was found that VEGF was positively correlated with the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (r = 0.6367), IL-6 (r = 0.3813), IL-8 (r = 0.4370), and IL-18 (r = 0.4184). Weak correlations were shown for MCP-1 (r = 0.2663) and TNF-α (r = 0.2817). For the first time, we demonstrated changes in the concentration of VEGF and related cytokines in saliva in different molecular biological subtypes of breast cancer depending on the stage of the disease, differentiation, proliferation, and metastasis to the lymph nodes. A correlation was established between the expression of VEGF and the content of aspartic acid (r = -0.3050), citrulline (r = -0.2914), and tryptophan (r = 0.3382) in saliva. It has been suggested that aspartic acid and citrulline influence the expression of VEGF via the synthesis of the signaling molecule NO, and then tryptophan ensures tolerance of the immune system to tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 14, Tukhachevsky Str., 644099 Omsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.I.D.)
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8
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Hovis G, Chandra N, Kejriwal N, Hsieh KJY, Chu A, Yang I, Wadehra M. Understanding the Role of Endothelial Cells in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms and Novel Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6118. [PMID: 38892305 PMCID: PMC11173095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive neoplasm and the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Endothelial tissue plays a critical role in glioblastoma growth and progression, facilitating angiogenesis, cellular communication, and tumorigenesis. In this review, we present an up-to-date and comprehensive summary of the role of endothelial cells in glioblastomas, along with an overview of recent developments in glioblastoma therapies and tumor endothelial marker identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Hovis
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Neha Chandra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (K.J.-Y.H.)
| | - Nidhi Kejriwal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (K.J.-Y.H.)
| | - Kaleb Jia-Yi Hsieh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (K.J.-Y.H.)
| | - Alison Chu
- Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Isaac Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Lundquist Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Madhuri Wadehra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (K.J.-Y.H.)
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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9
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Rahiminejad S, Mukund K, Maurya MR, Subramaniam S. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals stage- and side-specificity of gene modules in colorectal cancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4402565. [PMID: 38826219 PMCID: PMC11142301 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4402565/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An understanding of mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression is yet to be fully elucidated. This study aims to employ network theoretic approaches to analyse single cell transcriptomic data from CRC to better characterize its progression and sided-ness. METHODS We utilized a recently published single-cell RNA sequencing data (GEO-GSE178341) and parsed the cell X gene data by stage and side (right and left colon). Using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), we identified gene modules with varying preservation levels (weak or strong) of network topology between early (pT1) and late stages (pT234), and between right and left colons. Spearman's rank correlation (ρ) was used to assess the similarity or dissimilarity in gene connectivity. RESULTS Equalizing cell counts across different stages, we detected 13 modules for the early stage, two of which were non-preserved in late stages. Both non-preserved modules displayed distinct gene connectivity patterns between the early and late stages, characterized by low ρ values. One module predominately dealt with myeloid cells, with genes mostly enriched for cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction potentiallystimulating myeloid cells to participate in angiogenesis. The second module, representing a subset of epithelial cells, was mainly enriched for carbohydrate digestion and absorption, influencing the gut microenvironment through the breakdown of carbohydrates. In the comparison of left vs. right colons, two of 12 modules identified in the right colon were non-preserved in the left colon. One captured a small fraction of epithelial cells and was enriched for transcriptional misregulation in cancer, potentially impacting communication between epithelial cells and the tumor microenvironment. The other predominantly contained B cells with a crucial role in maintaining human gastrointestinal health and was enriched for B-cell receptor signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS We identified modules with topological and functional differences specific to cell types between the early and late stages, and between the right and left colons. This study enhances the understanding of roles played by different cell types at different stages and sides, providing valuable insights for future studies focused on the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
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10
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Maji S, Kumar A, Emdad L, Fisher PB, Das SK. Molecular landscape of prostate cancer bone metastasis. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:321-365. [PMID: 39032953 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) has a high propensity to develop bone metastases, causing severe pain and pathological fractures that profoundly impact a patients' normal functions. Current clinical intervention is mainly palliative focused on pain management, and tumor progression is refractory to standard therapeutic regimens. This limited treatment efficacy is at least partially due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the molecular landscape of the disease pathology, along with the intensive overlapping of physiological and pathological molecular signaling. The niche is overwhelmed with diverse cell types with inter- and intra-heterogeneity, along with growth factor-enriched cells that are supportive of invading cell proliferation, providing an additional layer of complexity. This review seeks to provide molecular insights into mechanisms underlying PC bone metastasis development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Maji
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
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11
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Michel Z, Raborn LN, Spencer T, Pan KS, Martin D, Roszko KL, Wang Y, Robey PG, Collins MT, Boyce AM, de Castro LF. Transcriptomic Signature and Pro-Osteoclastic Secreted Factors of Abnormal Bone-Marrow Stromal Cells in Fibrous Dysplasia. Cells 2024; 13:774. [PMID: 38727310 PMCID: PMC11083355 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a mosaic skeletal disorder caused by somatic activating variants of GNAS encoding for Gαs and leading to excessive cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling in bone-marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). The effect of Gαs activation in the BMSC transcriptome and how it influences FD lesion microenvironment are unclear. We analyzed changes induced by Gαs activation in the BMSC transcriptome and secretome. RNAseq analysis of differential gene expression of cultured BMSCs from patients with FD and healthy volunteers, and from an inducible mouse model of FD, was performed, and the transcriptomic profiles of both models were combined to build a robust FD BMSC genetic signature. Pathways related to Gαs activation, cytokine signaling, and extracellular matrix deposition were identified. To assess the modulation of several key secreted factors in FD pathogenesis, cytokines and other factors were measured in culture media. Cytokines were also screened in a collection of plasma samples from patients with FD, and positive correlations of several cytokines to their disease burden score, as well as to one another and bone turnover markers, were found. These data support the pro-inflammatory, pro-osteoclastic behavior of FD BMSCs and point to several cytokines and other secreted factors as possible therapeutic targets and/or circulating biomarkers for FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Michel
- Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Z.M.); (K.S.P.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Layne N. Raborn
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Tiahna Spencer
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Kristen S. Pan
- Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Z.M.); (K.S.P.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Daniel Martin
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Kelly L. Roszko
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Pamela G. Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Michael T. Collins
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Alison M. Boyce
- Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Z.M.); (K.S.P.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Luis Fernandez de Castro
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
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12
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Szukiewicz D. CX3CL1 (Fractalkine)-CX3CR1 Axis in Inflammation-Induced Angiogenesis and Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4679. [PMID: 38731899 PMCID: PMC11083509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemotactic cytokine fractalkine (FKN, chemokine CX3CL1) has unique properties resulting from the combination of chemoattractants and adhesion molecules. The soluble form (sFKN) has chemotactic properties and strongly attracts T cells and monocytes. The membrane-bound form (mFKN) facilitates diapedesis and is responsible for cell-to-cell adhesion, especially by promoting the strong adhesion of leukocytes (monocytes) to activated endothelial cells with the subsequent formation of an extracellular matrix and angiogenesis. FKN signaling occurs via CX3CR1, which is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine receptor subfamily. Signaling within the FKN-CX3CR1 axis plays an important role in many processes related to inflammation and the immune response, which often occur simultaneously and overlap. FKN is strongly upregulated by hypoxia and/or inflammation-induced inflammatory cytokine release, and it may act locally as a key angiogenic factor in the highly hypoxic tumor microenvironment. The importance of the FKN/CX3CR1 signaling pathway in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis results from its influence on cell adhesion, apoptosis, and cell migration. This review presents the role of the FKN signaling pathway in the context of angiogenesis in inflammation and cancer. The mechanisms determining the pro- or anti-tumor effects are presented, which are the cause of the seemingly contradictory results that create confusion regarding the therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Kaur G, Roy B. Decoding Tumor Angiogenesis for Therapeutic Advancements: Mechanistic Insights. Biomedicines 2024; 12:827. [PMID: 38672182 PMCID: PMC11048662 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels within the tumor microenvironment, is considered a hallmark of cancer progression and represents a crucial target for therapeutic intervention. The tumor microenvironment is characterized by a complex interplay between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors, regulating the vascularization necessary for tumor growth and metastasis. The study of angiogenesis involves a spectrum of techniques, spanning from biomarker assessment to advanced imaging modalities. This comprehensive review aims to provide insights into the molecular intricacies, regulatory dynamics, and clinical implications of tumor angiogenesis. By delving into these aspects, we gain a deeper understanding of the processes driving vascularization in tumors, paving the way for the development of novel and effective antiangiogenic therapies in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Kaur
- Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Bipradas Roy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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14
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Pradhan R, Kundu A, Kundu CN. The cytokines in tumor microenvironment: from cancer initiation-elongation-progression to metastatic outgrowth. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104311. [PMID: 38442808 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
It is a well-known fact that cancer can be augmented by infections and inflammation. In fact, chronic inflammation establishes a tumor-supporting-microenvironment (TME), which contributes to neoplastic progression. Presently, extensive research is going on to establish the interrelationship between infection, inflammation, immune response, and cancer. Cytokines are the most essential components in this linkage, which are secreted by immune cells and stromal cells of TME. Cytokines have potential involvement in tumor initiation, elongation, progression, metastatic outgrowth, angiogenesis, and development of therapeutic resistance. They are also linked with increased cancer symptoms along with reduced quality of life in advanced cancer patients. The cancer patients experience multiple symptoms including pain, asthenia, fatigue, anorexia, cachexia, and neurodegenerative disorders etc. Anti-cancer therapeutics can be developed by targeting cytokines along with TME to reduce the immunocompromised state and also modulate the TME. This review article depicts the composition and function of different inflammatory cells within the TME, more precisely the role of cytokines in cancer initiation, elongation, and progression as well as the clinical effects in advanced cancer patients. It also provides an overview of different natural compounds, nanoparticles, and chemotherapeutic agents that can target cytokines along with TME, which finally pave the way for cytokines-targeted anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajalaxmi Pradhan
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
| | - Anushka Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
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15
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Almeida-Marques C, Rolfs F, Piersma SR, Bijnsdorp IV, Pham TV, Knol JC, Jimenez CR. Secretome processing for proteomics: A methods comparison. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300262. [PMID: 38221716 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The cancer cell secretome comprises a treasure-trove for biomarkers since it reflects cross-talk between tumor cells and their surrounding environment with high detectability in biofluids. In this study, we evaluated six secretome sample processing workflows coupled to single-shot mass spectrometry: (1) Protein concentration by ultrafiltration with a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) filter and sample preparation through in-gel digestion (IGD); (2) Acetone protein precipitation coupled to IGD; (3) MWCO filter-based protein concentration followed by to in-solution digestion (ISD); (4) Acetone protein precipitation coupled to ISD; (5) Direct ISD; (6) Secretome lyophilization and ISD. To this end, we assessed workflow triplicates in terms of total number of protein identifications, unique identifications, reproducibility of protein identification and quantification and detectability of small proteins with important functions in cancer biology such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Our findings revealed that acetone protein precipitation coupled to ISD outperformed the other methods in terms of the number of identified proteins (2246) and method reproducibility (correlation coefficient between replicates (r = 0.94, CV = 19%). Overall, especially small proteins such as those from the classes mentioned above were better identified using ISD workflows. Concluding, herein we report that secretome protein precipitation coupled to ISD is the method of choice for high-throughput secretome proteomics via single shot nanoLC-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Almeida-Marques
- Department Laboratory Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frank Rolfs
- Department Laboratory Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander R Piersma
- Department Laboratory Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Irene V Bijnsdorp
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department Urology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thang V Pham
- Department Laboratory Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaco C Knol
- Department Laboratory Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- Department Laboratory Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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16
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Abdul-Rahman T, Ghosh S, Badar SM, Nazir A, Bamigbade GB, Aji N, Roy P, Kachani H, Garg N, Lawal L, Bliss ZSB, Wireko AA, Atallah O, Adebusoye FT, Teslyk T, Sikora K, Horbas V. The paradoxical role of cytokines and chemokines at the tumor microenvironment: a comprehensive review. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:124. [PMID: 38360737 PMCID: PMC10868116 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression and eradication have long piqued the scientific community's interest. Recent discoveries about the role of chemokines and cytokines in these processes have fueled renewed interest in related research. These roles are frequently viewed as contentious due to their ability to both suppress and promote cancer progression. As a result, this review critically appraised existing literature to discuss the unique roles of cytokines and chemokines in the tumor microenvironment, as well as the existing challenges and future opportunities for exploiting these roles to develop novel and targeted treatments. While these modulatory molecules play an important role in tumor suppression via enhanced cancer-cell identification by cytotoxic effector cells and directly recruiting immunological effector cells and stromal cells in the TME, we observed that they also promote tumor proliferation. Many cytokines, including GM-CSF, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IL-21, have entered clinical trials for people with advanced cancer, while the FDA has approved interferon-alpha and IL-2. Nonetheless, low efficacy and dose-limiting toxicity limit these agents' full potential. Conversely, Chemokines have tremendous potential for increasing cancer immune-cell penetration of the tumor microenvironment and promoting beneficial immunological interactions. When chemokines are combined with cytokines, they activate lymphocytes, producing IL-2, CD80, and IL-12, all of which have a strong anticancer effect. This phenomenon opens the door to the development of effective anticancer combination therapies, such as therapies that can reverse cancer escape, and chemotaxis of immunosuppressive cells like Tregs, MDSCs, and TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toufik Abdul-Rahman
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, Antonova 10, Sumy, 40007, Ukraine.
| | - Shankhaneel Ghosh
- Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sarah M Badar
- The University of the West of Scotland, Lanarkshire, UK
| | | | - Gafar Babatunde Bamigbade
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narjiss Aji
- McGill University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Montreal, Canada
| | - Poulami Roy
- Department of Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India
| | | | - Neil Garg
- Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, One Medical Center Drive Stratford, Camden, NJ, 08084, USA
| | - Lukman Lawal
- Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Zarah Sophia Blake Bliss
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), FCS, Universidad Anáhuac Campus Norte, Huixquilucan, Mexico
| | | | - Oday Atallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Tetiana Teslyk
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, Antonova 10, Sumy, 40007, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Sikora
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, Antonova 10, Sumy, 40007, Ukraine
| | - Viktoriia Horbas
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, Antonova 10, Sumy, 40007, Ukraine
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17
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Sadeghsoltani F, Hassanpour P, Safari MM, Haiaty S, Rahbarghazi R, Rahmati M, Mota A. Angiogenic activity of mitochondria; beyond the sole bioenergetic organelle. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31185. [PMID: 38219050 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a complex process that involves the expansion of the pre-existing vascular plexus to enhance oxygen and nutrient delivery and is stimulated by various factors, including hypoxia. Since the process of angiogenesis requires a lot of energy, mitochondria play an important role in regulating and promoting this phenomenon. Besides their roles as an oxidative metabolism base, mitochondria are potential bioenergetics organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis via sensing alteration in oxygen levels. Under hypoxic conditions, mitochondria can regulate angiogenesis through different factors. It has been indicated that unidirectional and bidirectional exchange of mitochondria or their related byproducts between the cells is orchestrated via different intercellular mechanisms such as tunneling nanotubes, extracellular vesicles, and gap junctions to maintain the cell homeostasis. Even though, the transfer of mitochondria is one possible mechanism by which cells can promote and regulate the process of angiogenesis under reperfusion/ischemia injury. Despite the existence of a close relationship between mitochondrial donation and angiogenic response in different cell types, the precise molecular mechanisms associated with this phenomenon remain unclear. Here, we aimed to highlight the possible role of mitochondria concerning angiogenesis, especially the role of mitochondrial transport and the possible relation of this transfer with autophagy, the housekeeping phenomenon of cells, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Hassanpour
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mir-Meghdad Safari
- Open Heart ICU of Shahid Madani Cardiovascular Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanya Haiaty
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Rahmati
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mota
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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18
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Kulovic-Sissawo A, Tocantins C, Diniz MS, Weiss E, Steiner A, Tokic S, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Pereira SP, Hiden U. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Unraveling Insights from Vascular Endothelial Cells. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:70. [PMID: 38392289 PMCID: PMC10886154 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with several lifestyle-related diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and it contributes significantly to the global health burden. Recent research indicates a link between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial impairment, and endothelial dysfunction. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recruited into the vessel wall to maintain appropriate endothelial function, repair, and angiogenesis. After attachment, EPCs differentiate into mature endothelial cells (ECs). Like ECs, EPCs are also susceptible to CVRFs, including metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction of EPCs may have long-term effects on the function of the mature ECs into which EPCs differentiate, particularly in the presence of endothelial damage. However, a link between CVRFs and impaired mitochondrial function in EPCs has hardly been investigated. In this review, we aim to consolidate existing knowledge on the development of mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction in the vascular endothelium, place it in the context of recent studies investigating the consequences of CVRFs on EPCs, and discuss the role of mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, we aim to gain a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms involved in EPC deterioration in relation to CVRFs and address potential therapeutic interventions targeting mitochondrial health to promote endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Kulovic-Sissawo
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Tocantins
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana S Diniz
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisa Weiss
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Steiner
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Silvija Tokic
- Research Unit of Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Cell Biology and Biochemistry of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ursula Hiden
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
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19
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Hou S, Zhao Y, Chen J, Lin Y, Qi X. Tumor-associated macrophages in colorectal cancer metastasis: molecular insights and translational perspectives. J Transl Med 2024; 22:62. [PMID: 38229160 PMCID: PMC10792812 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04856-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of high mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC), which is not only driven by changes occurring within the tumor cells, but is also influenced by the dynamic interaction between cancer cells and components in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Currently, the exploration of TME remodeling and its impact on CRC metastasis has attracted increasing attention owing to its potential to uncover novel therapeutic avenues. Noteworthy, emerging studies suggested that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the TME played important roles in CRC metastasis by secreting a variety of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and proteases. Moreover, TAMs are often associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance, making them promising targets for CRC therapy. Given the prognostic and clinical value of TAMs, this review provides an updated overview on the origin, polarization and function of TAMs, and discusses the mechanisms by which TAMs promote the metastatic cascade of CRC. Potential TAM-targeting techniques for personalized theranostics of metastatic CRC are emphasized. Finally, future perspectives and challenges for translational applications of TAMs in CRC development and metastasis are proposed to help develop novel TAM-based strategies for CRC precision medicine and holistic healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Hou
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Yuanchun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Yuxin Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Xin Qi
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China.
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20
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Rodrigues P, Bangali H, Hammoud A, Mustafa YF, Al-Hetty HRAK, Alkhafaji AT, Deorari MM, Al-Taee MM, Zabibah RS, Alsalamy A. COX 2-inhibitors; a thorough and updated survey into combinational therapies in cancers. Med Oncol 2024; 41:41. [PMID: 38165473 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes are pivotal in inflammation and cancer development. COX-2, in particular, has been implicated in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. Recently, COX-2 inhibitors have arisen as potential therapeutic agents in cancer treatment. In addition, combining COX inhibitors with other treatment modalities has demonstrated the potential to improve therapeutic efficacy. This review aims to investigate the effects of COX inhibition, both alone and in combination with other methods, on signaling pathways and carcinogenesis in various cancers. In this study, a literature search of all major academic databases was conducted (PubMed, Scholar google), including the leading research on the mechanisms of COX-2, COX-2 inhibitors, monotherapy with COX-2 inhibitors, and combining COX-2-inhibitors with chemotherapeutic agents in tumors. The study encompasses preclinical and clinical evidence, highlighting the positive findings and the potential implications for clinical practice. According to preclinical studies, multiple signaling pathways implicated in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis can be suppressed by inhibiting COX. In addition, combining COX inhibitors with chemotherapy drugs, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and miRNA-based approaches has enhanced anti-tumor activity. These results suggest that combination therapy has the potential to overcome resistance mechanisms and improve treatment outcomes. However, caution must be exercised when selecting and administering combination regimens. Not all combinations of COX-2 inhibitors with other drugs result in synergistic effects; some may even have unfavorable interactions. Therefore, personalized approaches that consider the specific characteristics of the cancer and the medications involved are crucial for optimizing therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, as monotherapy or combined with other methods, COX inhibition bears promise in modulating signaling pathways and inhibiting carcinogenesis in various cancers. Additional studies and well-designed clinical trials are required to completely elucidate the efficacy of COX inhibition and combination therapy in enhancing cancer treatment outcomes. This narrative review study provides a detailed summary of COX-2 monotherapy and combination targeted therapy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Rodrigues
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Al-Faraa, Asir-Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Harun Bangali
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Al-Faraa, Asir-Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Hammoud
- Department of Medical and Technical Information Technology, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia.
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref Campus, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, Kuwait.
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | | | | | - Maha Medha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- College of Medical Technique, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, 66002, Iraq
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21
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Yamaguchi M, Yoshiike K, Watanabe H, Watanabe M. The Marine Factor 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl Alcohol Suppresses Cell Growth, Inflammatory Cytokine Production, and NF-κB Signaling-enhanced Osteoclastogenesis in In vitro Mouse Macrophages RAW264.7 Cells. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:813-825. [PMID: 37365791 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230626141519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The novel marine factor 3,5-dihydroxy-4- methoxybenzyl alcohol (DHMBA) was originally identified in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea Gigas. DHMBA has been shown to prevent oxidative stress by scavenging radicals and enhance the production of antioxidant proteins. However, the pharmacologic role of DHMBA has been poorly understood. Inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Inflammatory cytokines are produced in macrophages with stimulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and are used as biomarkers that cause diverse disease conditions. Therefore, this study has been undertaken to elucidate whether DHMBA expresses anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. METHODS Mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells were cultured in a medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) with or without DHMBA (1-1000 μM). RESULTS Culturing with DHMBA (1-1000 μM) suppressed the growth and stimulated the death of RAW264.7 cells in vitro, leading to a decrease in cell number. Treatment with DHMBA reduced the levels of Ras, PI3K, Akt, MAPK, phospho-MAPK, and mTOR, which are signalling factors to promote cell proliferation, and it raised the levels of p53, p21, Rb, and regucalcin, which are cell growth suppressors. DHMBA treatment elevated caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 levels. Interestingly, DHMBA treatment repressed the production of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, or prostaglandin E2, which were enhanced by LPS stimulation. Notably, the levels of NF-κB p65 were increased by LPS treatment, and this augmentation was repres-sed by DHMBA treatment. Moreover, LPS treatment stimulated osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 cells. This stimulation was blocked by DHMBA treatment, and this effect was not caused by the presence of an NF-κB signalling inhibitor. CONCLUSION DHMBA was found to potentially suppress the activity of inflammatory macrophages in vitro, suggesting its therapeutic usefulness in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Yamaguchi
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, Hawaii, HI 96813, USA
| | - Kenji Yoshiike
- Watanabe Oyster Laboratory Co. Ltd., 490-3, Shimoongata-cho, Hachioji, 192-0154, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Watanabe
- Watanabe Oyster Laboratory Co. Ltd., 490-3, Shimoongata-cho, Hachioji, 192-0154, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Watanabe
- Watanabe Oyster Laboratory Co. Ltd., 490-3, Shimoongata-cho, Hachioji, 192-0154, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
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22
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Cheng W, Liao Y, Xie Y, Wang Q, Li L, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Zhou J. Helicobacter pylori-induced fibroblast-derived Serpin E1 promotes gastric cancer growth and peritoneal dissemination through p38 MAPK/VEGFA-mediated angiogenesis. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:326. [PMID: 38104099 PMCID: PMC10725580 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblasts, especially cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), represent the predominant stromal cell population in the tumor microenvironment and have an important function in tumorigenesis by interacting with tumor cells. However, their interaction remains elusive in an inflammatory tumor microenvironment induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). METHODS The expression of Serpin family E member 1 (Serpin E1) was measured in fibroblasts with or without H. pylori infection, and primary gastric cancer (GC) cells. Serpin E1 knockdown and overexpression fibroblasts were generated using Serpin E1 siRNA or lentivirus carrying Serpin E1. Co-culture models of fibroblasts and GC cells or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were established with direct contact or the Transwell system. In vitro functional experiments and in vivo tumorigenesis assay were employed to study the malignant behaviors of GC cells interacting with fibroblasts. ELISA was used for quantifying the levels of Serpin E1 and VEGFA in the culture supernatant. The tube formation capacity of HUVECs was assessed using a tube formation assay. Recombinant human Serpin E1 (recSerpin E1), anti-Serpin E1 antibody, and a MAPK pathway inhibitor were utilized to treat HUVECs for elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Serpin E1 was predominantly expressed in gastric CAFs. H. pylori infection significantly enhanced the expression and secretion of Serpin E1 by CAFs. Both fibroblast-derived Serpin E1 and recSerpin E1 enhanced the growth, invasion, and migration of GC cells, along with increased VEGFA expression and tube formation in HUVECs. Furthermore, the co-inoculation of GC cells and fibroblasts overexpressing Serpin E1 triggered the expression of Serpin E1 in cancer cells, which facilitated together xenograft tumor growth and peritoneal dissemination of GC cells in nude mice, with an increased expression of Ki67, Serpin E1, CD31 and/or VEGFA. These processes may be mediated by Serpin E1-induced migration and p38 MAPK/VEGFA-mediated angiogenesis of HUVECs. CONCLUSION H. pylori infection induces Serpin E1 expression in fibroblasts, subsequently triggering its expression in GC cells through their interaction. Serpin E1 derived from these cells promotes the migration and p38 MAPK/VEGFA-mediated angiogenesis of HUVECs, thereby facilitating GC growth and peritoneal metastasis. Targeting Serpin E1 signaling is a potential therapy strategy for H. pylori-induced GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yonghui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Qianxinan People's Hospital, Xingyi, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qinrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Leilei Li
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuanjia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Jianjiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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23
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Sun C, Mahapatra KD, Elton J, Li C, Fernando W, Lohcharoenkal W, Lapins J, Homey B, Sonkoly E, Pivarcsi A. MicroRNA-23b Plays a Tumor-Suppressive Role in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Targets Ras-Related Protein RRAS2. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2386-2396. [PMID: 37423552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common types of cancer with metastatic potential. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this study, we report that miR-23b is downregulated in cSCCs and in actinic keratosis and that its expression is regulated by the MAPK signaling pathway. We show that miR-23b suppresses the expression of a gene network associated with key oncogenic pathways and that the miR-23b-gene signature is enriched in human cSCCs. miR-23b decreased the expression of FGF2 both at mRNA and protein levels and impaired the angiogenesis-inducing ability of cSCC cells. miR23b overexpression suppressed the capacity of cSCC cells to form colonies and spheroids, whereas the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of MIR23B resulted in increased colony and tumor sphere formation in vitro. In accordance with this, miR-23b-overexpressing cSCC cells formed significantly smaller tumors upon injection into immunocompromised mice with decreased cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Mechanistically, we verify RRAS2 as a direct target of miR-23b in cSCC. We show that RRAS2 is overexpressed in cSCC and that interference with its expression impairs angiogenesis and colony and tumorsphere formation. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-23b acts in a tumor-suppressive manner in cSCC, and its expression is decreased during squamous carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxi Sun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kunal Das Mahapatra
- Unit of Dermatology and Venerology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Elton
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Unit of Dermatology and Venerology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Winnie Fernando
- Unit of Dermatology and Venerology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Warangkana Lohcharoenkal
- Unit of Dermatology and Venerology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Lapins
- Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernhard Homey
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Enikö Sonkoly
- Unit of Dermatology and Venerology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andor Pivarcsi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Unit of Dermatology and Venerology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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24
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Mannan A, Dhiamn S, Garg N, Singh TG. Pharmacological modulation of Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathways in Angiogenesis: A mechanistic perspective. Dev Biol 2023; 504:58-74. [PMID: 37739118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The Sonic hedgehog (SHh) signaling pathway is an imperative operating network that helps in regulates the critical events during the development processes like multicellular embryo growth and patterning. Disruptions in SHh pathway regulation can have severe consequences, including congenital disabilities, stem cell renewal, tissue regeneration, and cancer/tumor growth. Activation of the SHh signal occurs when SHh binds to the receptor complex of Patch (Ptc)-mediated Smoothened (Smo) (Ptc-smo), initiating downstream signaling. This review explores how pharmacological modulation of the SHh pathway affects angiogenesis through canonical and non-canonical pathways. The canonical pathway for angiogenesis involves the activation of angiogenic cytokines such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), stromal cell-derived factor 1α, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and angiopoietins (Ang-1 and Ang-2), which facilitate the process of angiogenesis. The Non-canonical pathway includes indirect activation of certain pathways like iNOS/Netrin-1/PKC, RhoA/Rock, ERK/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch signaling pathway, and so on. This review will provide a better grasp of the mechanistic approach of SHh in mediating angiogenesis, which can aid in the suppression of certain cancer and tumor growths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
| | - Sonia Dhiamn
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
| | - Nikhil Garg
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
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25
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Ge Z, Zhang Q, Lin W, Jiang X, Zhang Y. The role of angiogenic growth factors in the immune microenvironment of glioma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1254694. [PMID: 37790751 PMCID: PMC10542410 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1254694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenic growth factors (AGFs) are a class of secreted cytokines related to angiogenesis that mainly include vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and angiopoietins (ANGs). Accumulating evidence indicates that the role of AGFs is not only limited to tumor angiogenesis but also participating in tumor progression by other mechanisms that go beyond their angiogenic role. AGFs were shown to be upregulated in the glioma microenvironment characterized by extensive angiogenesis and high immunosuppression. AGFs produced by tumor and stromal cells can exert an immunomodulatory role in the glioma microenvironment by interacting with immune cells. This review aims to sum up the interactions among AGFs, immune cells and cancer cells with a particular emphasis on glioma and tries to provide new perspectives for understanding the glioma immune microenvironment and in-depth explorations for anti-glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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26
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Li H, He C, Zhu R, Chen FM, Wang L, Leung FP, Tian XY, Tse G, Wong WT. Type 2 cytokines promote angiogenesis in ischemic muscle via endothelial IL-4Rα signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112964. [PMID: 37556326 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet current trials on therapeutic angiogenesis remain suboptimal. Type 2 immunity is critical for post-ischemic regeneration, but its regulatory role in revascularization is poorly characterized. Here, we show that type 2 cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13), are the key mediators in post-ischemic angiogenesis. IL-4/IL-13-deficient mice exhibit impaired reperfusion and muscle repair in an experimental model of PAD. We find that deletion of IL-4Rα in the endothelial compartment, rather than the myeloid compartment, leads to remarkable impairment in revascularization. Mechanistically, IL-4/IL-13 promote endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation via IL-4Rα/STAT6 signaling. Furthermore, attenuated IL-4/IL-13 expression is associated with the angiogenesis deficit in the setting of diabetic PAD, while IL-4/IL-13 treatment rescues this defective regeneration. Our findings reveal the therapeutic potential of type 2 cytokines in treating patients with muscle ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Li
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Chufeng He
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ruiwen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis M Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Fung Ping Leung
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Gary Tse
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong 999077, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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27
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Demirci H, Tang L, Demirci FY, Ozgonul C, Weber S, Sundstrom J. Investigating Vitreous Cytokines in Choroidal Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3701. [PMID: 37509362 PMCID: PMC10378009 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the close relationship between the vitreous and posterior eye layers, the microenvironment of these layers can affect the composition of the vitreous. Molecular analysis of the vitreous may therefore provide important insights into the pathogenesis of chorioretinal diseases. In this study, vitreous cytokines (n = 41) were evaluated to gain further insights into the tumor microenvironment in uveal melanoma (UM) arising from the choroid (CM). Cytokine levels were measured using a bead-based multiplex immunoassay panel in vitreous samples obtained from 32 eyes, including 18 with CM and 14 controls. Median fluorescence intensity values were extracted and used as relative quantification of the cytokine abundance. Vitreous cytokine levels were compared between the CM and non-CM groups and between different prognostic categories within the CM group (classified as having low or high metastatic risk using tumor biopsy-based gene expression profiling). Correlations between vitreous cytokine levels and tumor dimensions were also evaluated. Our analysis revealed twenty-six vitreous cytokines significantly upregulated in CM-affected eyes compared to the control eyes. Within the CM group, six vitreous cytokines showed altered levels (five upregulated and one downregulated) in eyes with high- vs. low-risk tumors. Levels of these six plus several other cytokines showed correlations with the tumor dimensions. In conclusion, our study has uncovered several UM-relevant vitreous cytokines, worthy of follow-up in larger studies as potential candidates for liquid biopsy-based biomarker development and/or new therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Demirci
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - F Yesim Demirci
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Cem Ozgonul
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Sarah Weber
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Jeffrey Sundstrom
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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28
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Mustafa A, Elkhamisy F, Arghiani N, Pranjol MZI. Potential crosstalk between pericytes and cathepsins in the tumour microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114932. [PMID: 37236029 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a formidable global health challenge, and as such, investigators are constantly exploring underlying mechanisms that drive its progression. One area of interest is the role of lysosomal enzymes, such as cathepsins, in regulating cancer growth and development in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Pericytes, a key component of vasculature, play a key role in regulating blood vessel formation in the TME, have been shown to be influenced by cathepsins and their activity. Although cathepsins such as cathepsins D and L have been shown to induce angiogenesis, currently no direct link is known between pericytes and cathepsins interaction. This review aims to shed light on the potential interplay between pericytes and cathepsins in the TME, highlighting the possible implications for cancer therapy and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mustafa
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - F Elkhamisy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - N Arghiani
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - M Z I Pranjol
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.
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29
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Naghibi AF, Daneshdoust D, Taha SR, Abedi S, Dehdezi PA, Zadeh MS, Dokoohaki F, Soleymani-Goloujeh M. Role of cancer stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in cancer progression and metastasis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 247:154558. [PMID: 37245267 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Numerous strategies have been developed for cancer treatment. Metastasis, heterogeneity, chemotherapy resistance, recurrence, and evasion of immune surveillance are the primary reasons for the failure of cancer treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) can give rise to tumors via self-renewal and differentiation into various cell types. They show resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and have a strong capability of invasion and metastasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayered vesicles that carry biological molecules and are released under both healthy and unhealthy conditions. It has been shown that one of the leading causes of cancer treatment failure is cancer stem cell-derived EVs (CSC-EVs). CSC-EVs have essential roles in tumor progression, metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, chemoresistance, and immunosuppressants. In the future, controlling EV production in CSCs may be one of the most promising strategies to stop cancer treatment failures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seyed Reza Taha
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Abedi
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Fatemeh Dokoohaki
- Department of Operating Room, Ferdows School of Health and Allied Medical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mehdi Soleymani-Goloujeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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30
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Liu X, Li Z, Ren J, Cui G. IL-33-expressing microvascular endothelial cells in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Implications for pathological features and prognosis. Microvasc Res 2023; 147:104506. [PMID: 36792028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that interleukin (IL)-33 plays a critical role in regulating angiogenesis and cancer progression. In this study, we characterized the pathological importance of IL-33 deployed by tumor microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The expression of IL-33 in microvascular ECs in 80 cases of ESCC was examined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and double immunofluorescence. IHC results showed that strong IL-33-immunoreactivity (IR) in microvessels, which were confirmed to be ECs by double immunofluorescence staining with IL-33/CD31 antibodies. Moreover, high proliferative activity was shown in IL-33-positive ECs, and the IL-33 functional receptor ST2 was expressed in microvascular ECs. Clinicopathological analysis revealed that IL-33-positive microvessel density (MVD) was positively correlated with node involvement in patients with ESCC. A log rank test showed a highly significant inverse correlation between the densities of IL-33-positive MVDs and overall survival rate, and patients with higher IL-33-positive MVDs tended to have a lower survival rate (both p < 0.05). Therefore, we concluded that IL-33 deployed by microvascular ECs correlates with advanced pathological features and the long-term survival rate, which provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment and might serve as a promising target in patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingli Ren
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guanglin Cui
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Campus Levanger, Norway.
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31
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Tsai YL, Chen Y, Chen YC, Tsai WC. KDELC2 Upregulates Glioblastoma Angiogenesis via Reactive Oxygen Species Activation and Tumor-Associated Macrophage Proliferation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040923. [PMID: 37107298 PMCID: PMC10136350 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is notorious for its rapid progression and neovascularization. In this study, it was found that KDEL (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu) containing 2 (KDELC2) stimulated vasculogenic factor expression and induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation. The NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy activation via hypoxic inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was also confirmed. The application of the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 and autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) indicated that the above phenomenon activation correlated with an endothelial overgrowth. Furthermore, KDELC2 suppression decreased the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress factors' expression. The ER stress inhibitors, such as salubrinal and GSK2606414, significantly suppressed HUVEC proliferation, indicating that ER stress promotes glioblastoma vascularization. Finally, shKDELC2 glioblastoma-conditioned medium (CM) stimulated TAM polarization and induced THP-1 cells to transform into M1 macrophages. In contrast, THP-1 cells co-cultured with compensatory overexpressed (OE)-KDELC2 glioblastoma cells increased IL-10 secretion, a biomarker of M2 macrophages. HUVECs co-cultured with shKDELC2 glioblastoma-polarized THP-1 cells were less proliferative, demonstrating that KDELC2 promotes angiogenesis. Mito-TEMPO and MCC950 increased caspase-1p20 and IL-1β expression in THP-1 macrophages, indicating that mitochondrial ROS and autophagy could also interrupt THP-1-M1 macrophage polarization. In conclusion, mitochondrial ROS, ER stress, and the TAMs resulting from OE-KDELC2 glioblastoma cells play important roles in upregulating glioblastoma angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chuan Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chiuan Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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Mokhtari K, Peymani M, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Ghaedi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Colon cancer transcriptome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:49-82. [PMID: 37059270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, methodological innovations have continuously changed transcriptome profiling. It is now feasible to sequence and quantify the transcriptional outputs of individual cells or thousands of samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). These transcriptomes serve as a connection between cellular behaviors and their underlying molecular mechanisms, such as mutations. This relationship, in the context of cancer, provides a chance to unravel tumor complexity and heterogeneity and uncover novel biomarkers or treatment options. Since colon cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, its prognosis and diagnosis seem to be critical. The transcriptome technology is developing for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of cancer which can provide better protectivity and prognostic utility to medical teams and patients. A transcriptome is a whole set of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs in an individual or cell population. The cancer transcriptome includes RNA-based changes. The combined genome and transcriptome of a patient may provide a comprehensive picture of their cancer, and this information is beginning to affect treatment decision-making in real-time. A full assessment of the transcriptome of colon (colorectal) cancer has been assessed in this review paper based on risk factors such as age, obesity, gender, alcohol use, race, and also different stages of cancer, as well as non-coding RNAs like circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and siRNAs. Similarly, they have been examined independently in the transcriptome study of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Ghalehbandi S, Yuzugulen J, Pranjol MZI, Pourgholami MH. The role of VEGF in cancer-induced angiogenesis and research progress of drugs targeting VEGF. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175586. [PMID: 36906141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a double-edged sword; it is a mechanism that defines the boundary between health and disease. In spite of its central role in physiological homeostasis, it provides the oxygen and nutrition needed by tumor cells to proceed from dormancy if pro-angiogenic factors tip the balance in favor of tumor angiogenesis. Among pro-angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a prominent target in therapeutic methods due to its strategic involvement in the formation of anomalous tumor vasculature. In addition, VEGF exhibits immune-regulatory properties which suppress immune cell antitumor activity. VEGF signaling through its receptors is an integral part of tumoral angiogenic approaches. A wide variety of medicines have been designed to target the ligands and receptors of this pro-angiogenic superfamily. Herein, we summarize the direct and indirect molecular mechanisms of VEGF to demonstrate its versatile role in the context of cancer angiogenesis and current transformative VEGF-targeted strategies interfering with tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jale Yuzugulen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey
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Antonelli A, Scarpa ES, Bruzzone S, Astigiano C, Piacente F, Bruschi M, Fraternale A, Di Buduo CA, Balduini A, Magnani M. Anoxia Rapidly Induces Changes in Expression of a Large and Diverse Set of Genes in Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065157. [PMID: 36982232 PMCID: PMC10049254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinusoidal endothelial cells are the predominant vascular surface of the bone marrow and constitute the functional hematopoietic niche where hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells receive cues for self-renewal, survival, and differentiation. In the bone marrow hematopoietic niche, the oxygen tension is usually very low, and this condition affects stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation and other important functions of this region. Here, we have investigated in vitro the response of endothelial cells to a marked decrease in O2 partial pressure to understand how the basal gene expression of some relevant biological factors (i.e., chemokines and interleukins) that are fundamental for the intercellular communication could change in anoxic conditions. Interestingly, mRNA levels of CXCL3, CXCL5, and IL-34 genes are upregulated after anoxia exposure but become downmodulated by sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) overexpression. Indeed, the expression levels of some other genes (such as Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF)) that were not significantly affected by 8 h anoxia exposure become upregulated in the presence of SIRT6. Therefore, SIRT6 mediates also the endothelial cellular response through the modulation of selected genes in an extreme hypoxic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Antonelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Santina Bruzzone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Cecilia Astigiano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Piacente
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Michela Bruschi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University in Boston, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Recent Emerging Immunological Treatments for Primary Brain Tumors: Focus on Chemokine-Targeting Immunotherapies. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060841. [PMID: 36980182 PMCID: PMC10046911 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary brain tumors are a leading cause of death worldwide and are characterized by extraordinary heterogeneity and high invasiveness. Current drug and radiotherapy therapies combined with surgical approaches tend to increase the five-year survival of affected patients, however, the overall mortality rate remains high, thus constituting a clinical challenge for which the discovery of new therapeutic strategies is needed. In this field, novel immunotherapy approaches, aimed at overcoming the complex immunosuppressive microenvironment, could represent a new method of treatment for central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Chemokines especially are a well-defined group of proteins that were so named due to their chemotactic properties of binding their receptors. Chemokines regulate the recruitment and/or tissue retention of immune cells as well as the mobilization of tumor cells that have undergone epithelial–mesenchymal transition, promoting tumor growth. On this basis, this review focuses on the function and involvement of chemokines and their receptors in primary brain tumors, specifically examining chemokine-targeting immunotherapies as one of the most promising strategies in neuro-oncology.
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Yamaguchi M, Hashimoto K, Jijiwa M, Murata T. The inflammatory macrophages repress the growth of bone metastatic human prostate cancer cells via TNF-α and IL-6 signaling: Involvement of cell signaling regulator regucalcin. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110663. [PMID: 37001596 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages in the cancer microenvironments may play a regulatory role in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer cells. However, the crosstalk between macrophages and prostate cancer cells is poorly understood. This study elucidates whether inflammatory macrophages regulate the proliferation and death of human prostate cancer cells in vitro. The RAW264.7 mouse macrophages were cocultured with PC-3 or DU-145 wild-type cells by using a Transwell chamber in vitro. RAW264.7 cells were cocultured with PC-3 or DU-145 cells in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This coculturing blocked the proliferation and accelerated the death of cancer cells. Interestingly, cancer cell proliferation was repressed and death was promoted by the addition of the conditioned medium obtained from RAW264.7 cells treated with LPS. Culturing with LPS mostly augmented the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the culture medium of RAW264.7 cells. The effects of the conditioned medium on the proliferation and death of PC-3 or DU-145 cells were blocked by NF-κB or STAT3 signaling inhibitors. Moreover, the effects of the conditioned medium on the proliferation and death of prostate cancer cells were not expressed in regucalcin-overexpressing cancer cells that diminish the levels of NF-κB p65 and STAT3. Culturing with extracellular TNF-α, IL-6, or regucalcin triggered inhibition of the proliferation of PC-3 wild-type cells. The levels of regucalcin in PC-3 cells were elevated by TNF-α or IL-6 stimulation. This study demonstrates that inflammatory macrophages triggered the loss of prostate cancer cells via the signaling process of NF-κB, STAT3, or regucalcin.
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Cao Q, Liu D, Chen Z, Wang M, Wu M, Zeng G. Upregulated X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (XCL2) is associated with poor prognosis and increased immune infiltration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cell Signal 2023; 102:110556. [PMID: 36503163 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most popular malignant carcinomas in the genitourinary system. As a novel tumor-related gene, X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (XCL2) was up-regulated in ccRCC. The current study aims to reveal the functional activity of XCL2 in ccRCC. METHODS The transcriptome profiling, clinical parameters, and simple nucleotide variation profiles of ccRCC samples were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The survival analysis, multivariate/univariate Cox analysis, correlation analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and tumor mutation burden (TMB) analysis were performed. Next, immune cell infiltration and immune functions were analyzed. Finally, the functions of XCL2 were investigated in Caki-1 and 786-O cells. RESULTS Upregulated XCL2 was associated with worse overall survival of ccRCC and correlated to age, grade, stage, and T stage. Age, grade, and XCL2 were independent prognostic factors. Significant enrichment in apoptosis, DNA replication, and immune response was demonstrated by GSEA. XCL2 was not only tightly associated with immune cell infiltration, but also significantly linked with several immune functions. Moreover, patients, who had higher XCL2 expression, owned higher levels of TMB. Interestingly, XCL2 was positively correlated with common immune checkpoints. In vitro, XCL2 could inhibit apoptosis, and promote proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of Caki-1 and 786-O cells. CONCLUSIONS In general, the current study suggested that XCL2 may participate in the progression of ccRCC. Importantly, XCL2 may be a potential new target of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiong Cao
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Daoquan Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Guang Zeng
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Divergent Cytokine and Chemokine Responses at Early Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Correlated with Virus Replication and CD4 T Cell Loss in a Rhesus Macaque Model. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020264. [PMID: 36851142 PMCID: PMC9963901 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine and chemokine levels remain one of the significant predictive factors of HIV pathogenesis and disease outcome. Understanding the impact of cytokines and chemokines during early acute infection will help to recognize critical changes during HIV pathogenesis and might assist in establishing improved HIV treatment and prevention methods. Sixty-one cytokines and chemokines were evaluated in the plasma of an SIV-infected rhesus macaque model. A substantial change in 11 cytokines/growth factors and 9 chemokines were observed during acute infection. Almost all the cytokines/chemokines were below the baseline values for an initial couple of days of infection. We detected six important cytokines/chemokines, such as IL-18, IP-10, FLT3L, MCP-1, MCP-2, and MIP-3β, that can be used as biomarkers to predict the peripheral CD4+ T cell loss and increased viral replication during the acute SIV/HIV infection. Hence, regulating IL-18, IP-10, FLT3L, MCP-1, MCP-2, and MIP-3β expression might provide an antiviral response to combat acute SIV/HIV infection.
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Xu W, Wang M, Bai Y, Chen Y, Ma X, Yang Z, Zhao L, Li Y. The role of microfibrillar‐associated protein 2 in cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1002036. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1002036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfibrillar-associated protein 2 (MFAP2), a component of the extracellular matrix, is important in controlling growth factor signal transduction. Recent studies have shown that MFAP2, an effective prognostic molecule for various tumors, is associated with tumor occurrence and development and may be involved in remodeling the extracellular matrix and regulating proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, tumor cell metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis. However, MFAP2’s specific mechanism in these tumor processes remains unclear. This article reviewed the possible mechanism of MFAP2 in tumorigenesis and progression and provided a reference for the clinical prognosis of patients with cancer and new therapeutic target discovery.
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Taha AM, Aboulwafa MM, Zedan H, Helmy OM. Ramucirumab combination with sorafenib enhances the inhibitory effect of sorafenib on HepG2 cancer cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17889. [PMID: 36284117 PMCID: PMC9596484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, an oral multiple kinase inhibitor, is the standardized treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). One strategy to improve HCC therapy is to combine agents that target key signaling pathways. In this study we set out to investigate the effect of combining sorafenib with either bevacizumab (anti-VEGF), panitumumab (anti-EGFR) or ramucirumab (anti-VEGFR2) on HepG2 cancer cell line with the aim of improving efficacy and possibility of therapeutic dose reduction of sorafenib.: HepG2 cancer cell line was treated with sorafenib alone or in combination with either bevacizumab, panitumumab or ramucirumab. Cell proliferation; apoptosis and cell cycle distribution; gene expression of VEGFR2, EGFR, MMP-9 and CASPASE3; the protein levels of pVEGFR2 and pSTAT3 and the protein expression of CASPASE3, EGFR and VEGFR2 were determined. Combined treatments of sorafenib with ramucirumab or panitumumab resulted in a significant decrease in sorafenib IC50. Sorafenib combination with ramucirumab or bevacizumab resulted in a significant arrest in pre-G and G0/G1 cell cycle phases, significantly induced apoptosis and increased the relative expression of CASPASE3 and decreased the anti-proliferative and angiogenesis markers´ MMP-9 and pVEGFR2 or VEGFR2 in HepG2 cells. A significant decrease in the levels of pSTAT3 was only detected in case of sorafenib-ramucirumab combination. The combined treatment of sorafenib with panitumumab induced a significant arrest in pre-G and G2/M cell cycle phases and significantly decreased the relative expression of EGFR and MMP-9. Sorafenib-ramucirumab combination showed enhanced apoptosis, inhibited proliferation and angiogenesis in HepG2 cancer cells. Our findings suggest that ramucirumab can be a useful as an adjunct therapy for improvement of sorafenib efficacy in suppression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Mabrouk Aboulwafa
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Al Khalifa Al Ma’moun St., Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt ,Present Address: Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, Ras-Sudr, South Sinai Egypt
| | - Hamdallah Zedan
- grid.7776.10000 0004 0639 9286Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-eini St., Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omneya Mohamed Helmy
- grid.7776.10000 0004 0639 9286Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-eini St., Cairo, Egypt
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Yeo NJY, Wazny V, Nguyen NLU, Ng CY, Wu KX, Fan Q, Cheung CMG, Cheung C. Single-Cell Transcriptome of Wet AMD Patient-Derived Endothelial Cells in Angiogenic Sprouting. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012549. [PMID: 36293401 PMCID: PMC9604336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a global leading cause of visual impairment in older populations. ‘Wet’ AMD, the most common subtype of this disease, occurs when pathological angiogenesis infiltrates the subretinal space (choroidal neovascularization), causing hemorrhage and retinal damage. Gold standard anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment is an effective therapy, but the long-term prevention of visual decline has not been as successful. This warrants the need to elucidate potential VEGF-independent pathways. We generated blood out-growth endothelial cells (BOECs) from wet AMD and normal control subjects, then induced angiogenic sprouting of BOECs using a fibrin gel bead assay. To deconvolute endothelial heterogeneity, we performed single-cell transcriptomic analysis on the sprouting BOECs, revealing a spectrum of cell states. Our wet AMD BOECs share common pathways with choroidal neovascularization such as extracellular matrix remodeling that promoted proangiogenic phenotype, and our ‘activated’ BOEC subpopulation demonstrated proinflammatory hallmarks, resembling the tip-like cells in vivo. We uncovered new molecular insights that pathological angiogenesis in wet AMD BOECs could also be driven by interleukin signaling and amino acid metabolism. A web-based visualization of the sprouting BOEC single-cell transcriptome has been created to facilitate further discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Jia Ying Yeo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Vanessa Wazny
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Nhi Le Uyen Nguyen
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Chun-Yi Ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Kan Xing Wu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Qiao Fan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Correspondence: (C.M.G.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Christine Cheung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Correspondence: (C.M.G.C.); (C.C.)
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Zheng J, Wang X, Yu J, Zhan Z, Guo Z. IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12p70 levels in patients with colorectal cancer and their predictive value in anti-vascular therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:997665. [PMID: 36226059 PMCID: PMC9549173 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.997665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to analyze the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-12 (IL-12p70) in colorectal cancer and evaluate the predictive significance of clinical efficacy of patients with colorectal cancer treated with anti-vascular therapy combined with chemotherapy. A retrospective study of 162 patients with colorectal cancer in Fujian Medical University Hospital was conducted from January 2019 to December 2020. A comparative analysis of the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12p70 between the two groups were studied. The relationship between the levels and the clinical characteristics of patients was observed; the factors affecting the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-12p70 in colorectal cancer patients were analyzed, and the predictive validity of the efficacy of anti-vascular therapy was evaluated. We observed that the individual expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12p70 in the patients with colorectal cancer are related to lymph node metastasis, TNM staging, and degree of differentiation (P<0.05); however, they are irrelevant to the age, sex, and tumor location of patients with colorectal cancer (P>0.05). The multiple stepwise regression analysis indicates that lymph node metastasis and TNM staging are independent risk factors that correlate with IL-6 and IL-12p70 levels in colorectal cancer patients (P<0.01). The degree of differentiation was found to be an independent risk factor connected to TNF- α levels of patients with colorectal cancer. The change of IL-12p70 level could predict the validity of anti-vascular treatment for advanced colorectal cancer. When evaluated for combined expression, IL-6 and IL-12p70 in patients with colorectal cancer closely related to lymph node metastasis and TNM staging. IL-12p70 can be used as a predictor of anti-vascular therapy with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiami Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhouwei Zhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zengqing Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zengqing Guo,
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Guo X, Sui R, Piao H. Tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles: potential roles and mechanism in glioma. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:383. [PMID: 35999601 PMCID: PMC9400220 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) are extracellular vesicles containing DNA, RNA, and proteins and are involved in intercellular communication and function, playing an essential role in the growth and metastasis of tumors. SEVs are present in various body fluids and can be isolated and extracted from blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. Under both physiological and pathological conditions, SEVs can be released by some cells, such as immune, stem, and tumor cells, in a cytosolic manner. SEVs secreted by tumor cells are called tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) because of their origin in the corresponding parent cells. Glioma is the most common intracranial tumor, accounting for approximately half of the primary intracranial tumors, and is characterized by insidious onset, high morbidity, and high mortality rate. Complete removal of tumor tissues by surgery is difficult. Chemotherapy can improve the survival quality of patients to a certain extent; however, gliomas are prone to chemoresistance, which seriously affects the prognosis of patients. In recent years, TEXs have played a vital role in the occurrence, development, associated immune response, chemotherapy resistance, radiation therapy resistance, and metastasis of glioma. This article reviews the role of TEXs in glioma progression, drug resistance, and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Rui Sui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China.
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Aguilar-Cazares D, Chavez-Dominguez R, Marroquin-Muciño M, Perez-Medina M, Benito-Lopez JJ, Camarena A, Rumbo-Nava U, Lopez-Gonzalez JS. The systemic-level repercussions of cancer-associated inflammation mediators produced in the tumor microenvironment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:929572. [PMID: 36072935 PMCID: PMC9441602 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.929572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a dynamic, complex, and redundant network of interactions between tumor, immune, and stromal cells. In this intricate environment, cells communicate through membrane-membrane, ligand-receptor, exosome, soluble factors, and transporter interactions that govern cell fate. These interactions activate the diverse and superfluous signaling pathways involved in tumor promotion and progression and induce subtle changes in the functional activity of infiltrating immune cells. The immune response participates as a selective pressure in tumor development. In the early stages of tumor development, the immune response exerts anti-tumor activity, whereas during the advanced stages, the tumor establishes mechanisms to evade the immune response, eliciting a chronic inflammation process that shows a pro-tumor effect. The deregulated inflammatory state, in addition to acting locally, also triggers systemic inflammation that has repercussions in various organs and tissues that are distant from the tumor site, causing the emergence of various symptoms designated as paraneoplastic syndromes, which compromise the response to treatment, quality of life, and survival of cancer patients. Considering the tumor-host relationship as an integral and dynamic biological system, the chronic inflammation generated by the tumor is a communication mechanism among tissues and organs that is primarily orchestrated through different signals, such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and exosomes, to provide the tumor with energetic components that allow it to continue proliferating. In this review, we aim to provide a succinct overview of the involvement of cancer-related inflammation at the local and systemic level throughout tumor development and the emergence of some paraneoplastic syndromes and their main clinical manifestations. In addition, the involvement of these signals throughout tumor development will be discussed based on the physiological/biological activities of innate and adaptive immune cells. These cellular interactions require a metabolic reprogramming program for the full activation of the various cells; thus, these requirements and the by-products released into the microenvironment will be considered. In addition, the systemic impact of cancer-related proinflammatory cytokines on the liver-as a critical organ that produces the leading inflammatory markers described to date-will be summarized. Finally, the contribution of cancer-related inflammation to the development of two paraneoplastic syndromes, myelopoiesis and cachexia, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Aguilar-Cazares
- Laboratorio de Investigacion en Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Chavez-Dominguez
- Laboratorio de Investigacion en Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Marroquin-Muciño
- Laboratorio de Investigacion en Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Quimioterapia Experimental, Departamento de Bioquimica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Perez-Medina
- Laboratorio de Investigacion en Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Quimioterapia Experimental, Departamento de Bioquimica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesus J. Benito-Lopez
- Laboratorio de Investigacion en Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angel Camarena
- Laboratorio de Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA), Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Uriel Rumbo-Nava
- Clinica de Neumo-Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose S. Lopez-Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Investigacion en Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
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