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Xu J, Lu L, Jiang S, Qin Z, Huang J, Huang M, Jin J. Paeoniflorin ameliorates oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy via inhibiting neuroinflammation through influence on gut microbiota. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 971:176516. [PMID: 38513881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXA)-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is a severe side effect that greatly limits OXA clinical use and threatens patients' life and health. Paeoniflorin exhibits extensive anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, but whether it can protect against OIPN and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of paeoniflorin on OIPN and probe into the underlying mechanisms. The OIPN model was established through oxaliplatin injection in rats. The ameliorative effects of paeoniflorin on OIPN was assessed by nociceptive hypersensitivities through pain behavioral methods. Neuroinflammation were examined by measuring the levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells infiltration. The signaling pathway of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB was evaluated by Western blotting. Gut microbial changes were detected by 16S rDNA sequencing technology. In addition, antibiotics-induced microbiota eradication and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) were applied for exploring the function of gut microbiota in the protective effects of paeoniflorin. The results revealed that paeoniflorin significantly alleviated mechanical and cold hypersensitivity, mitigated neuroinflammation and influenced gut microbial composition in OIPN rats. Fecal microbiota transplantation further verified that gut microbiota was required for paeoniflorin ameliorating OIPN and that the underlying mechanism involved downregulation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling. Specifically, Akkermansia, Dubosiella and Corynebacterium might serve as crucial genera regulated by paeoniflorin in the treatment of OIPN. In summary, our investigations delineate paeoniflorin's ameliorative effects on OIPN by alleviating neuroinflammation through regulations of gut microbiota. This suggests that paeoniflorin may serve as a new potential strategy for treatment of OIPN in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Langqing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shiqin Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhiyan Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junyuan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Min Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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2
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Richards JH, Freeman DD, Detloff MR. Myeloid Cell Association with Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Neuropathic Pain and Depressive-like Behaviors in LysM-eGFP Mice. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024; 25:104433. [PMID: 38007034 PMCID: PMC11058038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects ∼500,000 people worldwide annually, with the majority developing chronic neuropathic pain. Following SCI, approximately 60% of these individuals are diagnosed with comorbid mood disorders, while only ∼21% of the general population will experience a mood disorder in their lifetime. We hypothesize that nociceptive and depressive-like dysregulation occurs after SCI and is associated with aberrant macrophage infiltration in segmental pain centers. We completed moderate unilateral C5 spinal cord contusion on LysM-eGFP reporter mice to visualize infiltrating macrophages. At 6-weeks post-SCI, mice exhibit nociceptive and depressive-like dysfunction compared to naïve and sham groups. There were no differences between the sexes, indicating that sex is not a contributing factor driving nociceptive or depressive-like behaviors after SCI. Utilizing hierarchical cluster analysis, we classified mice based on endpoint nociceptive and depressive-like behavior scores. Approximately 59.3% of the SCI mice clustered based on increased paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimuli and immobility time in the forced swim test. SCI mice displayed increased myeloid cell presence in the lesion epicenter, ipsilateral C7-8 dorsal horn, and C7-8 DRGs as evidenced by eGFP, CD68, and Iba1 immunostaining when compared to naïve and sham mice. This was further confirmed by SCI-induced alterations in the expression of genes indicative of myeloid cell activation states and their associated secretome in the dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglia. In conclusion, moderate unilateral cervical SCI caused the development of pain-related and depressive-like behaviors in a subset of mice and these behavioral changes are consistent with immune system activation in the segmental pain pathway. PERSPECTIVE: These experiments characterized pain-related and depressive-like behaviors and correlated these changes with the immune response post-SCI. While humanizing the rodent is impossible, the results from this study inform clinical literature to closely examine sex differences reported in humans to better understand the underlying shared etiologies of pain and depressive-like behaviors following central nervous system trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H. Richards
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, College of Medicine, Drexel University, 2900 W. Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129
| | - Daniel D. Freeman
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, College of Medicine, Drexel University, 2900 W. Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129
| | - Megan Ryan Detloff
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, College of Medicine, Drexel University, 2900 W. Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129
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Saika F, Fukazawa Y, Hatano Y, Kishioka S, Hino Y, Hino S, Suzuki K, Kiguchi N. Sexually dimorphic effects of pexidartinib on nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain in mice. Glia 2024. [PMID: 38591338 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
It is well-established that spinal microglia and peripheral macrophages play critical roles in the etiology of neuropathic pain; however, growing evidence suggests sex differences in pain hypersensitivity owing to microglia and macrophages. Therefore, it is crucial to understand sex- and androgen-dependent characteristics of pain-related myeloid cells in mice with nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. To deplete microglia and macrophages, pexidartinib (PLX3397), an inhibitor of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor, was orally administered, and mice were subjected to partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSL). Following PSL induction, healthy male and female mice and male gonadectomized (GDX) mice exhibited similar levels of spinal microglial activation, peripheral macrophage accumulation, and mechanical allodynia. Treatment with PLX3397 significantly suppressed mechanical allodynia in normal males; this was not observed in female and GDX male mice. Sex- and androgen-dependent differences in the PLX3397-mediated preventive effects were observed on spinal microglia and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) macrophages, as well as in expression patterns of pain-related inflammatory mediators in these cells. Conversely, no sex- or androgen-dependent differences were detected in sciatic nerve macrophages, and inhibition of peripheral CC-chemokine receptor 5 prevented neuropathic pain in both sexes. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the presence of considerable sex- and androgen-dependent differences in the etiology of neuropathic pain in spinal microglia and DRG macrophages but not in sciatic nerve macrophages. Given that the mechanisms of neuropathic pain may differ among experimental models and clinical conditions, accumulating several lines of evidence is crucial to comprehensively clarifying the sex-dependent regulatory mechanisms of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Saika
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
- Faculty of Wakayama Health Care Sciences, Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yohji Fukazawa
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai University of Health Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yu Hatano
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Shiroh Kishioka
- Faculty of Wakayama Health Care Sciences, Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuko Hino
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Hino
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Suzuki
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Norikazu Kiguchi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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Nasir A, Afridi OK, Ullah S, Khan H, Bai Q. Mitigation of sciatica injury-induced neuropathic pain through active metabolites derived from medicinal plants. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107076. [PMID: 38237646 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Sciatica characterized by irritation, inflammation, and compression of the lower back nerve, is considered one of the most common back ailments globally. Currently, the therapeutic regimens for sciatica are experiencing a paradigm shift from the conventional pharmacological approach toward exploring potent phytochemicals from medicinal plants. There is a dire need to identify novel phytochemicals with anti-neuropathic potential. This review aimed to identify the potent phytochemicals from diverse medicinal plants capable of alleviating neuropathic pain associated with sciatica. This review describes the pathophysiology of sciatic nerve pain, its cellular mechanisms, and the pharmacological potential of various plants and phytochemicals using animal-based models of sciatic nerve injury-induced pain. Extensive searches across databases such as Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were conducted. The findings highlights 39 families including Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Apocyanaceae and Cucurbitaceae, effectively treating sciatic nerve injury-induced pain. Flavonoids made up 53% constituents, phenols and terpenoids made up 15%, alkaloids made up 13%, and glycosides made up 6% to be used in neuorpathic pain. Phytochemicals derived from various medicinal plants can serve as potential therapeutic targets for both acute and chronic sciatic injury-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Nasir
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Medical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Medical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Basu A, Yang JY, Tsirukis VE, Loiacono A, Koch G, Khwaja IA, Krishnamurthy M, Fazio N, White E, Jha A, Shah S, Takmil C, Bagdas D, Demirer A, Master A, Natke E, Honkanen R, Huang L, Rigas B. Phosphosulindac (OXT-328) prevents and reverses chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy in mice. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1240372. [PMID: 38347876 PMCID: PMC10860339 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1240372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a side effect of chemotherapy, is particularly difficult to treat. We explored whether phosphosulindac (PS), a modified NSAID, could treat CIPN. Methods CIPN was induced in male C57BL/6 J mice by paclitaxel, vincristine or oxaliplatin. Mechanical allodynia was measured with the von Frey test and cold allodynia with the acetone test. To determine the preventive effect of PS, it was administered 2 days before the induction of CIPN. Mouse Lewis lung carcinoma xenografts were used to determine if PS altered the chemotherapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel. Cultured cell lines were used to evaluate the effect of PS on neuroinflammation. Results Treatment with each of the three chemotherapeutic agents used to induce CIPN lowered the mechanical allodynia scores by 56 to 85% depending on the specific agent. PS gel was applied topically 3x/day for 16-22 days to the hind paws of mice with CIPN. This effect was dose-dependent. Unlike vehicle, PS returned mechanical allodynia scores back to pre-CIPN levels. PS had a similar effect on paclitaxel-induced CIPN cold allodynia. Sulindac, a metabolite of PS, had no effect on CIPN. PS significantly prevented CIPN compared to vehicle. Given concomitantly with paclitaxel to mice with lung cancer xenografts, PS relieved CIPN without affecting the anticancer effect of paclitaxel. The enantiomers of PS were equally efficacious against CIPN, suggesting the therapeutic suitability of the racemate PS. There were no apparent side effects of PS. PS suppressed the levels of IL-6, IL-10, CXCL1, and CXCL2 induced by paclitaxel in a neuroblastoma cell line, and macrophage activation to the M1 proinflammatory phenotype. Conclusion Topically applied PS demonstrated broad therapeutic and preventive efficacy against CIPN, preserved the anticancer effect of paclitaxel, and was safe. Its anti-CIPN effect appears to be mediated, in part, by suppression of neuroinflammation. These data support further evaluation of topical PS for the control of CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryah Basu
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer Y. Yang
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Vasiliki E. Tsirukis
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Andrew Loiacono
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Gina Koch
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Ishan A. Khwaja
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Mahila Krishnamurthy
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Nicholas Fazio
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Emily White
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Aayushi Jha
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Shrila Shah
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Cameron Takmil
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Deniz Bagdas
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Aylin Demirer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Adam Master
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Ernest Natke
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Robert Honkanen
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Liqun Huang
- Medicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Setauket, NY, United States
| | - Basil Rigas
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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Ma S, Nakamura Y, Kochi T, Uemoto S, Hisaoka-Nakashima K, Wang D, Liu K, Wake H, Nishibori M, Morioka N. Perineural Treatment with High Mobility Group Box-1 Monoclonal Antibody Prevents Initiation of Pain-Like Behaviors in Female Mice with Trigeminal Neuropathy. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:221-226. [PMID: 38246608 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy (PTTN) is a type of chronic pain caused by damage to the trigeminal nerve. A previous study reported that pretreatment with anti-high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) neutralizing antibodies (nAb) prevented the onset of PTTN following distal infraorbital nerve chronic constriction injury (dIoN-CCI) in male mice. Clinical evidence indicates a high incidence of PTTN in females. Although our previous study found that perineural HMGB1 is crucial in initiation of PTTN in male mice, it is currently unknown whether HMGB1 is also involved in the pathogenesis of PTTN in female mice. Therefore, in the current study, we examined the effect of anti-HMGB1 nAb on pain-like behavior in female mice following dIoN-CCI surgery. We found that dIoN-CCI surgery enhanced reactivity to mechanical and cold stimuli in female mice, which was suppressed by treatment with anti-HMGB1 nAb. Moreover, the increase in macrophages after dIoN-CCI was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with anti-HMGB1 nAb. Furthermore, anti-HMGB1 nAb treatment inhibited microglial activation in the trigeminal spinal tract nucleus. These data suggest that HMGB1 also plays a crucial role in the onset of PTTN after nerve injury in female mice. Thus, anti-HMGB1 nAb could be a novel therapeutic agent for inhibiting the onset of PTTN in female and male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Yoki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Takahiro Kochi
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Suzuna Uemoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Kazue Hisaoka-Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Dengli Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Keyue Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Hidenori Wake
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
- Department of Translational Research & Dug Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Norimitsu Morioka
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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Jing B, Chen ZN, Si WM, Zhao JJ, Zhao GP, Zhang D. (+)-Catechin Alleviates CCI-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats by Modulating the IL34/CSFIR Axis and Attenuating the Schwann Cell-Macrophage Cascade Response in the DRG. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03876-w. [PMID: 38159197 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03876-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic applications of (+)-catechin in the treatment of neuropathic pain. In vivo study, 32 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham group, chronic constriction injury (CCI) group, CCI + ibuprofen group and CCI+ (+)-catechin group. They were subjected to behavioural tests, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The mechanisms involved were investigated using specific inhibitors in cell experiments. Results of in vivo experiments showed that (+)-catechin could reduce the cold sensitivity pain in a rat model of CCI; ELISA and immunohistochemistry results showed that (+)-catechin could decrease the levels of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2 and CCL5 in serum and the expression levels of nNOS, COX2, IL6, TNF-α, IBA-1 and CSF1R in DRG of CCI rats. Finally, western blot confirmed that (+)-catechin could diminish the levels of IL-34/CSF1R/JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway in DRG of CCI rats. In vitro studies showed that (+)-catechin reduced IL-34 secretion in LPS-induced RSC96 cells. Meanwhile, (+)-catechin administration in LPS-induced Schwann cell-conditioned medium (L-CM) significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of RAW264.7 cells; in addition, L-CM+(+)-catechin reduced the activation of the CSF1R/JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. (+)-Catechin attenuated the Schwann cell-macrophage cascade response in the DRG by modulating the IL34/CSFIR axis and inhibiting activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, thereby attenuating CCI-induced neuropathic pain in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Jing
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai-Mei Si
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ji Zhao
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Dinc R. A review of the current state in neointimal hyperplasia development following endovascular intervention and minor emphasis on new horizons in immunotherapy. Transl Clin Pharmacol 2023; 31:191-201. [PMID: 38196998 PMCID: PMC10772059 DOI: 10.12793/tcp.2023.31.e18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Endovascular strategies play a vital role in the treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, luminal loss or restenosis after endovascular intervention remains a significant challenge. The main underlying mechanisms are negative vascular remodeling and elastic recoil in balloon angioplasty. During stenting, the main reason for this complex is neointimal proliferation. Endothelial cell injury due to endovascular intervention initiates a series of molecular events, such as overexpression of growth factors, cytokine secretion, and adhesion molecules. These induce platelet activation and inflammatory processes, which trigger the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells into the intima, resulting in neointimal hyperplasia. During this process, PAD progression is mainly caused by chronic inflammation, in which macrophages play a central role. Of the current strategies, drug release interventions aim to suppress restenosis using antiproliferative drugs, such as sirolimus and paclitaxel, during drug release. These drugs inhibit vascular reendothelialization and reduce late in-stent restenosis. For this reason, immunotherapy can be considered an important alternative. Interventions that polarize macrophages to the M2 subtype are particularly important, as they shape the immune response in an anti-inflammatory direction and contribute to tissue repair. However, there are several challenges to overcome, such as localizing antiproliferative or polarizing agents only to areas of vascular injury. This review discusses, based on the early study observations, immunotherapeutic approaches to prevent restenosis after endovascular intervention for the treatment of PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasit Dinc
- INVAMED Medical Innovation Institute, Ankara 06810, Turkey
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9
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Fu Z, Gao C, Wu T, Wang L, Li S, Zhang Y, Shi C. Peripheral neuropathy associated with monomethyl auristatin E-based antibody-drug conjugates. iScience 2023; 26:107778. [PMID: 37727735 PMCID: PMC10505985 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the successful approval of gemtuzumab ozogamicin, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a pivotal category of targeted therapies for cancer. Among these ADCs, the use of monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) as a payload is prevalent in the development of ADC drugs, which has significantly improved overall therapeutic efficacy against various malignancies. However, increasing clinical observations have raised concerns regarding the potential nervous system toxicity associated with MMAE-based ADCs. Specifically, a higher incidence of peripheral neuropathy has been reported in ADCs incorporating MMAE as payloads. Considering the increasing global use of MMAE-based ADCs, it is imperative to provide an inclusive overview of diagnostic and management strategies for this adverse event. In this review, we examine current information and what future research directions are required to better understand and manage this type of clinical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Chen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Shijun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Chen Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430000, China
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10
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Hu Y, Liu J, Zhuang R, Zhang C, Lin F, Wang J, Peng S, Zhang W. Progress in Pathological and Therapeutic Research of HIV-Related Neuropathic Pain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3343-3373. [PMID: 37470889 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
HIV-related neuropathic pain (HRNP) is a neurodegeneration that gradually develops during the long-term course of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and manifests as abnormal sock/sleeve-like symmetrical pain and nociceptive hyperalgesia in the extremities, which seriously reduces patient quality of life. To date, the pathogenesis of HRNP is not completely clear. There is a lack of effective clinical treatment for HRNP and it is becoming a challenge and hot spot for medical research. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of the progress of HRNP research in recent years including (1) the etiology, classification and clinical symptoms of HRNP, (2) the establishment of HRNP pathological models, (3) the pathological mechanisms underlying HRNP from three aspects: molecules, signaling pathways and cells, (4) the therapeutic strategies for HRNP, and (5) the limitations of recent HRNP research and the future research directions and prospects of HRNP. This detailed review provides new and systematic insight into the pathological mechanism of HRNP, which establishes a theoretical basis for the future exploitation of novel target drugs. HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy and opioid abuse contribute to the etiology of HRNP with symmetrical pain in both hands and feet, allodynia and hyperalgesia. The pathogenesis involves changes in cytokine expression, activation of signaling pathways and neuronal cell states. The therapy for HRNP should be patient-centered, integrating pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments into multimodal intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanLing Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - JinHong Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renjie Zhuang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
| | - Fei Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sha Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Xia A, Yong X, Zhang C, Lin G, Jia G, Zhao C, Wang X, Hao Y, Wang Y, Zhou P, Yang X, Deng Y, Wu C, Chen Y, Zhu J, Tang X, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Xu Z, Hu Q, Zhao J, Yue Y, Yan W, Su Z, Wei Y, Zhou R, Dong H, Shao Z, Yang S. Cryo-EM structures of human GPR34 enable the identification of selective antagonists. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308435120. [PMID: 37733739 PMCID: PMC10523607 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308435120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR34 is a functional G-protein-coupled receptor of Lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS), and has pathogenic roles in numerous diseases, yet remains poorly targeted. We herein report a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of GPR34 bound with LysoPS (18:1) and Gi protein, revealing a unique ligand recognition mode with the negatively charged head group of LysoPS occupying a polar cavity formed by TM3, 6 and 7, and the hydrophobic tail of LysoPS residing in a lateral open hydrophobic groove formed by TM3-5. Virtual screening and subsequent structural optimization led to the identification of a highly potent and selective antagonist (YL-365). Design of fusion proteins allowed successful determination of the challenging cryo-EM structure of the inactive GPR34 complexed with YL-365, which revealed the competitive binding of YL-365 in a portion of the orthosteric binding pocket of GPR34 and the antagonist-binding-induced allostery in the receptor, implicating the inhibition mechanism of YL-365. Moreover, YL-365 displayed excellent activity in a neuropathic pain model without obvious toxicity. Collectively, this study offers mechanistic insights into the endogenous agonist recognition and antagonist inhibition of GPR34, and provides proof of concept that targeting GPR34 represents a promising strategy for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjie Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xihao Yong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Changbin Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Guowen Jia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yize Hao
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230027, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yujiao Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xiaodi Tang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jingming Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yuting Yue
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230027, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Zhaoming Su
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230027, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Haohao Dong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Zhenhua Shao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
- Frontier Medical Center Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan610212, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
- Frontier Medical Center Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan610212, China
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12
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Wen B, Pan Y, Cheng J, Xu L, Xu J. The Role of Neuroinflammation in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. J Pain Res 2023; 16:3061-3073. [PMID: 37701560 PMCID: PMC10493102 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s423733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is an excess and/or prolonged pain and inflammation condition that follows an injury to a limb. The pathogenesis of CRPS is multifaceted that remains incompletely understood. Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Dysregulated neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the initiation and maintenance of pain and nociceptive neuronal sensitization, which may contribute to the transition from acute to chronic pain and the perpetuation of chronic pain in CRPS. The key features of neuroinflammation encompass infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells and the production of inflammatory mediators in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. This article reviews the role of neuroinflammation in the onset and progression of CRPS from six perspectives: neurogenic inflammation, neuropeptides, glial cells, immune cells, cytokines, and keratinocytes. The objective is to provide insights that can inform future research and development of therapeutic targets for CRPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinbing Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Cheng
- Department of Pain Management, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jijun Xu
- Department of Pain Management, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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13
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Dinc R. The Role of Immune Mechanisms in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Could It be a Promising Therapeutic Strategy? ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2023; 39:675-686. [PMID: 37720407 PMCID: PMC10499961 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202309_39(5).20230531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an enlargement of the aorta greater than 50% in diameter. Although up to 80% of cases result in mortality if the aneurysm ruptures, patients are often diagnosed too late, as most cases are asymptomatic. The current treatment for AAA is still surgery as there are currently no effective drug treatments. Knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms is essential for the development of new preventive and therapeutic approaches. However, the molecular mechanisms are complex and remain unclear. Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells, the major cellular component of the aorta, and degeneration of the extracellular matrix, the skeleton of the aortic wall, are hallmarks of AAA pathology. Inflammation, mainly through macrophage cells, has been recognized as a central factor in the development of AAA. Macrophage cells also orchestrate other pathways and immune cells involved in this process. Macrophages do not exist as pure populations at aneurysm sites. M1 macrophages are pro-inflammatory and weaken the aortic wall during AAA development. M2 macrophages, in contrast, are involved in anti-inflammatory reactions and aorta tissue repair. The balancing effect on AAA progression makes M1/M2 macrophages therapeutic targets to control inflammation and destruction of the aortic wall. An early diagnosis is also important to allow for early interventions. This review article, based on the available data, aims to evaluate the role of an immunotherapeutic approach in controlling AAA development by briefly discussing the immunological mechanisms.
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14
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Caxaria S, Bharde S, Fuller AM, Evans R, Thomas B, Celik P, Dell’Accio F, Yona S, Gilroy D, Voisin MB, Wood JN, Sikandar S. Neutrophils infiltrate sensory ganglia and mediate chronic widespread pain in fibromyalgia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2211631120. [PMID: 37071676 PMCID: PMC10151464 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211631120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a debilitating widespread chronic pain syndrome that occurs in 2 to 4% of the population. The prevailing view that fibromyalgia results from central nervous system dysfunction has recently been challenged with data showing changes in peripheral nervous system activity. Using a mouse model of chronic widespread pain through hyperalgesic priming of muscle, we show that neutrophils invade sensory ganglia and confer mechanical hypersensitivity on recipient mice, while adoptive transfer of immunoglobulin, serum, lymphocytes, or monocytes has no effect on pain behavior. Neutrophil depletion abolishes the establishment of chronic widespread pain in mice. Neutrophils from patients with fibromyalgia also confer pain on mice. A link between neutrophil-derived mediators and peripheral nerve sensitization is already established. Our observations suggest approaches for targeting fibromyalgia pain via mechanisms that cause altered neutrophil activity and interactions with sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Caxaria
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Sabah Bharde
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Alice M. Fuller
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Romy Evans
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Bethan Thomas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Petek Celik
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Dell’Accio
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Yona
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, 9112102Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Derek Gilroy
- Division of Medicine, Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute of Biomedical Research, University College London, WC1E 6BTLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Mathieu-Benoit Voisin
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQLondon, United Kingdom
| | - John N. Wood
- Division of Medicine, Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute of Biomedical Research, University College London, WC1E 6BTLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Shafaq Sikandar
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQLondon, United Kingdom
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15
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Atta AA, Ibrahim WW, Mohamed AF, Abdelkader NF. Microglia polarization in nociplastic pain: mechanisms and perspectives. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:1053-1067. [PMID: 37069462 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Nociplastic pain is the third classification of pain as described by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), in addition to the neuropathic and nociceptive pain classes. The main pathophysiological mechanism for developing nociplastic pain is central sensitization (CS) in which pain amplification and hypersensitivity occur. Fibromyalgia is the prototypical nociplastic pain disorder, characterized by allodynia and hyperalgesia. Much scientific data suggest that classical activation of microglia in the spinal cord mediates neuroinflammation which plays an essential role in developing CS. In this review article, we discuss the impact of microglia activation and M1/M2 polarization on developing neuroinflammation and nociplastic pain, besides the molecular mechanisms engaged in this process. In addition, we mention the impact of microglial modulators on M1/M2 microglial polarization that offers a novel therapeutic alternative for the management of nociplastic pain disorders. Illustrating the mechanisms underlying microglia activation in central sensitization and nociplastic pain. LPS lipopolysaccharide, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α, INF-γ Interferon gamma, ATP adenosine triphosphate, 49 P2Y12/13R purinergic P2Y 12/13 receptor, P2X4/7R purinergic P2X 4/7 receptor, SP Substance P, NK-1R Neurokinin 1 receptor, CCL2 CC motif ligand 2, CCR2 CC motif ligand 2 receptor, CSF-1 colony-stimulating factor 1, CSF-1R colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor, CX3CL1 CX3C motif ligand 1, CX3XR1 CX3C motif ligand 1 receptor, TLR toll-like receptor, MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinases, JNK jun N-terminal kinase, ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase, iNOS Inducible nitric oxide synthase, IL-1β interleukin-1β, IL-6 interleukin-6, BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor, GABA γ-Aminobutyric acid, GABAR γ-Aminobutyric acid receptor, NMDAR N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, AMPAR α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropi-onic acid receptor, IL-4 interleukin-4, IL-13 interleukin-13, IL-10 interleukin-10, Arg-1 Arginase 1, FGF fibroblast growth factor, GDNF glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor-1, NGF nerve growth factor, CD Cluster of differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahd A Atta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Weam W Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Noha F Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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16
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Safonova TN, Medvedeva ES, Medvedeva SL. [Neuropathic pain in dry eye syndrome. Part 1. Pathophysiological mechanisms of pain formation]. Vestn Oftalmol 2023; 139:93-99. [PMID: 37638578 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202313904193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The review details the features and mechanisms of the formation of various types of pain. The emphasis is placed on the occurrence of pain syndrome in various ophthalmological diseases, particularly in dry eye syndrome. The article also presents literature data on the role of cytokines in the formation of a neuroinflammatory cascade affecting damage to corneal nerve fibers and the development of pain syndrome, which is a characteristic feature of a subtype of dry eye disease - burning eye syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Safonova
- Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - E S Medvedeva
- Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
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17
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Tu Y, Muley MM, Beggs S, Salter MW. Microglia-independent peripheral neuropathic pain in male and female mice. Pain 2022; 163:e1129-e1144. [PMID: 35384869 PMCID: PMC9578531 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The dominant view in the field of pain is that peripheral neuropathic pain is driven by microglia in the somatosensory processing region of the spinal dorsal horn. Here, to the contrary, we discovered a form of neuropathic pain that is independent of microglia. Mice in which the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc was apposed to the sciatic nerve developed a constellation of neuropathic pain behaviours: hypersensitivity to mechanical, cold, and heat stimuli. However, NP application caused no activation of spinal microglia nor was pain hypersensitivity reversed by microglial inhibition. Rather, NP-induced pain hypersensitivity was dependent on cells within the NP which recruited macrophages to the adjacent nerve. Eliminating macrophages systemically or locally prevented NP-induced pain hypersensitivity. Pain hypersensitivity was also prevented by genetically disrupting the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor selectively in macrophages. Moreover, the behavioural phenotypes as well as the molecular mechanisms of NP-induced pain hypersensitivity were not different between males and females. Our findings reveal a previously unappreciated mechanism for by which a discrete peripheral nerve lesion may produce pain hypersensitivity, which may help to explain the limited success of microglial inhibitors on neuropathic pain in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuShan Tu
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Milind M. Muley
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Simon Beggs
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL GOSH Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael W. Salter
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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18
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Gowler PRW, Turnbull J, Shahtaheri M, Walsh DA, Barrett DA, Chapman V. Interplay between cellular changes in the knee joint, circulating lipids and pain behaviours in a slowly progressing murine model of osteoarthritis. Eur J Pain 2022; 26:2213-2226. [PMID: 36097797 PMCID: PMC9826505 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial inflammation has known contributions to chronic osteoarthritis (OA) pain, but the potential role in transitions from early to late stages of OA pain is unclear. METHODS The slowly progressing surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) murine OA model and sham control, was used in male C57BL/6J mice to investigate the interplay between knee inflammation, plasma pro- and anti-inflammatory oxylipins and pain responses during OA progression. Changes in joint histology, macrophage infiltration, chemokine receptor CX3CR1 expression, weight bearing asymmetry, and paw withdrawal thresholds were quantified 4, 8 and 16 weeks after surgery. Plasma levels of multiple bioactive lipid mediators were quantified using liquid chromatography with tandem mass-spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS Structural joint damage was evident at 8 weeks post-DMM surgery onwards. At 16 weeks post-DMM surgery, synovial scores, numbers of CD68 and CD206 positive macrophages and pain responses were significantly increased. Plasma levels of oxylipins were negatively correlated with joint damage and synovitis scores at 4 and 8 weeks post-DMM surgery. Higher circulating levels of the pro-resolving oxylipin pre-cursor 17-HDHA were associated with lower weight bearing asymmetry at week 16. CONCLUSIONS The transition to chronic OA pathology and pain is likely influenced by both joint inflammation and plasma oxylipin mediators of inflammation and levels of pro-resolution molecules. SIGNIFICANCE Using a slow progressing surgical model of osteoarthritis we show how the changing balance between local and systemic inflammation may be of importance in the progression of pain behaviours during the transition to chronic osteoarthritis pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. W. Gowler
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - James Turnbull
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Mohsen Shahtaheri
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - David A. Walsh
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - David A. Barrett
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Victoria Chapman
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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19
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Zhang D, Jing B, Chen Z, Li X, Shi H, Zheng Y, Chang S, Zhao G. Ferulic acid alleviates sciatica by inhibiting peripheral sensitization through the RhoA/p38MAPK signalling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154420. [PMID: 36115115 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to relieve sciatica, but their effects are not satisfactory. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of ferulic acid on sciatica. METHODS Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e., sham operation group, chronic constriction injury (CCI) group, mecobalamin group, and ferulic acid group. We conducted behavioural tests, ELISA, PCR, Western blots, and immunofluorescence analysis. Specific inhibitors were used in cell experiments to explore the related mechanisms. RESULTS Thermal hyperalgesia was induced after CCI operation, and ferulic acid relieved thermal hyperalgesia. In addition, ferulic acid decreased the IL1β, IL6, TNF-α, and CRP mRNA levels; the IBA-1, iNOS, IL1β, RhoA, RhoA-GTP, COX2, Rock1, TRPV1, TRPA1, and p-p38MAPK levels in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons; and the LPS, CRP, substance P (SP), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in serum, and these levels were higher in the CCI group. In the cell experiments, LPS induced M1 polarization of GMI-R1 cells via the RhoA/Rock pathway. Ferulic acid attenuated LPS-induced M1 polarization by decreasing the levels of M1 polarization markers, including IL1β, IL6, TNF-α, iNOS, and CD32, and increased M2 polarization by increasing the levels of M2 polarization markers, including CD206 and Arg-1. LPS treatment clearly increased the iNOS, IL1β, RhoA, Rock1, Rock2 and p-p38 MAPK levels and reduced Arg-1 expression, and ferulic acid reversed these changes. CONCLUSION Ferulic acid can inhibit peripheral sensitization by reducing the levels of inflammatory factors, TRPA1 and TRPV1 through the RhoA/p38 MAPK pathway to alleviate sciatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bei Jing
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenni Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huimei Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yachun Zheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiquan Chang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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20
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Ban D, Yu H, Xiang Z, Li C, Yu P, Wang J, Liu Y. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Alleviate Neuropathic Pain by Modulating Macrophage Polarization in a Rat SCI Model. J Pain Res 2022; 15:3369-3380. [PMID: 36317164 PMCID: PMC9617563 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s371789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Chronic neuropathic pain (NP) frequently occurs after spinal cord injury (SCI) but lacks effective therapeutic options in the clinic. Numerous evidence indicates the involvement of macrophages activation in the NP, and the modulation of macrophages is promising for NP treatment. In this study, we introduce Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) and aim to investigate whether it can relieve the NP by modulating macrophage polarization. Methods CONPs were prepared using the hydrothermal method. In vitro, different concentrations of CONPs were used to cultivate macrophages (RAW 264.7). In vivo, the analgesic effect of CONPs was investigated in a contusive rat SCI model. Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were tested to evaluate pain behaviors. Immunofluorescence staining and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were applied to assess macrophage phenotypes. Results The synthesized CONPs were 6.8 ± 0.5 nm in size, presenting a cubic morphology. Live/dead staining showed that the relatively low concentrations of CONPs (less than 800 μg/mL) displayed good biocompatibility with macrophages. Intrathecal injection of CONPs could significantly increase the mechanical PWT and thermal PWL of SCI rats. Molecular experiments results showed the expression of M2 macrophage-related markers (CD206, Arg-1, IL-10) were significantly increased, while that of M1 macrophage-related markers (CD86, TNF-α, iNOS) were downregulated after CONPs treatment. Conclusion Our study suggests that CONPs can relive the NP following SCI by promoting M2 macrophages polarization, which provides a novel insight for the treatment of SCI induced NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexiang Ban
- Department of Orthopaedic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyang Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Orthopaedic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yang Liu, Department of Orthopaedic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road No. 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China, Email
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21
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Shinoda M, Hitomi S, Iwata K, Hayashi Y. Plastic changes in nociceptive pathways contributing to persistent orofacial pain. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:263-270. [PMID: 35840073 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is a warning signal for the body defense mechanisms and is a critical sensation for supporting life. However, orofacial pain is not a vital sensation, but a disease. However, there are still many unclear points about the pathophysiological mechanism of orofacial pain. This situation makes it difficult for many clinicians to treat orofacial pain hypersensitivity. HIGHLIGHT Noxious information on the orofacial region received by trigeminal ganglion neurons is recognized as "orofacial pain" by being transmitted to the somatosensory cortex and limbic system via the spinal trigeminal nucleus and the thalamic sensory nuclei. Orofacial inflammation or trigeminal nerve injury causes neuropathic changes in various nociceptive signaling pathways, resulting in persistent orofacial pain. It is considered that persistent oral facial pain is triggered by plastic changes in nociceptive signaling pathways involving various cells such as satellite glial cells, astrocytes, microglia, and macrophages, as well as nociceptive neurons. CONCLUSION Recent studies have shown that hyperexcitability of nociceptive neurons in the nociceptive signaling pathways of the orofacial region caused by a variety of factors causes persistent orofacial pain. This review outlines the pathophysiology of orofacial pain along with the results of our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Shinoda
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Koichi Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
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22
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Ruff MR, Inan S, Shi XQ, Meissler JJ, Adler MW, Eisenstein TK, Zhang J. Potentiation of morphine antinociception and inhibition of diabetic neuropathic pain by the multi-chemokine receptor antagonist peptide RAP-103. Life Sci 2022; 306:120788. [PMID: 35817166 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We determined the ability of the multi-chemokine receptor (CCR2/CCR5/CCR8) antagonist RAP-103 to modulate pain behaviors in an acute model of surgical pain, with and without an added opioid (morphine), and by itself in a chronic model of Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). MATERIALS AND METHODS Pain behaviors were assessed by mechanical and thermal tests in rats. Cytokine and chemokine biomarkers in sciatic nerve and spinal cord were assessed by in situ qPCR. KEY FINDINGS In the incisional pain assay, RAP-103 (0.01-1 mg/kg, i.p.) alone had no antiallodynic effect post-surgery. RAP-103 (0.5 mg/kg) when co-administered with morphine (0.5-5 mg/kg), reduced the ED50 of morphine from 3.19 mg/kg to 1.42 mg/kg. In a DPN model, rats exhibited persistent mechanical and cold allodynia. Oral administration of RAP-103 (0.5-0.02 mg/kg/day) resulted in a complete reversal of established hypersensitivity in DPN rats (P < .001), which gradually returned to pain hypersensitivity after the cessation of the treatment. The mRNA expression of cytokines, IL-1β, TNFα; chemokines CCL2, CCL3; and chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 in DPN rat sciatic nerve, but not spinal cord, were significantly increased. RAP-103 resulted in significant reductions in sciatic nerve expression of IL-1β, TNFα and CCL3 in STZ-induced diabetic rats with trends toward lower levels for CCL2 and CCR5, while CCR2 was unchanged. SIGNIFICANCE In acute pain, co-administration of RAP-103 with morphine provided the same antinociceptive effect with a reduced dose of morphine, reducing opioid side-effects and risks. RAP-103 by itself is an effective non-opioid antinociceptive treatment for diabetic neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saadet Inan
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Xiang Qun Shi
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, 740 Doctor Penfield Ave, Suite 3200C, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Joseph J Meissler
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Martin W Adler
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Toby K Eisenstein
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ji Zhang
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, 740 Doctor Penfield Ave, Suite 3200C, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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23
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Ma Y, Liu W, Liang L, Ye J, Huang C, Zhuang T, Zhang G. Synergistic Antinociceptive Effects of Indomethacin-Pregabalin and Meloxicam-Pregabalin in Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061413. [PMID: 35740434 PMCID: PMC9219661 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is often closely associated with nerve injury or inflammation, and the role of traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as adjuvants for treating chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain remains unclear. In this study, the potential synergistic antinociceptive effects of indomethacin–pregabalin and meloxicam–pregabalin were evaluated in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain and carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain in rodents. Although indomethacin and meloxicam alone only slightly relieved mechanical allodynia in the above two models, isobolographic analysis showed that the combination of indomethacin or meloxicam with pregabalin produced significant synergistic antinociceptive effects for paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain (IN-PGB, experimental ED25 = [4.41 (3.13–5.82)] mg/kg, theoretical ED25 = [8.50 (6.62–10.32)] mg/kg; MEL-PGB, experimental ED25 = [3.96 (2.62–5.46)] mg/kg, theoretical ED25 = [7.52 (5.73–9.39)] mg/kg). In addition, MEL-PGB dosed via intraplantar injection into the left paw, intragastric injection, or intraperitoneal injection reversed paclitaxel-induced allodynia, indicating that they may act at multiple sites in the neuroaxis and periphery. However, indomethacin–pregabalin and meloxicam–pregabalin exerted antagonistic antiallodynic interactions in carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain in rats. Taken together, coadministration of indomethacin or meloxicam with pregabalin may possess potential therapeutic advantages for treating chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (Y.M.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.H.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (Y.M.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.H.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Lingzhi Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (Y.M.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Jiaqi Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (Y.M.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Chaonan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (Y.M.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Tao Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (Y.M.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.H.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (G.Z.); Tel.: +86-27-87792235 (G.Z.)
| | - Guisen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (Y.M.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.H.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (G.Z.); Tel.: +86-27-87792235 (G.Z.)
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24
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Gao Y, Mei C, Chen P, Chen X. The contribution of neuro-immune crosstalk to pain in the peripheral nervous system and the spinal cord. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Liu Y, Kano F, Hashimoto N, Xia L, Zhou Q, Feng X, Hibi H, Miyazaki A, Iwamoto T, Matsuka Y, Zhang Z, Tanaka E, Yamamoto A. Conditioned Medium From the Stem Cells of Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Ameliorates Neuropathic Pain in a Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation Model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:745020. [PMID: 35431971 PMCID: PMC9009354 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.745020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In neuropathic pain (NP), injury or diseases of the somatosensory system often result in highly debilitating chronic pain. Currently, there is no effective drug for the complete and definitive treatment of NP. We investigated the therapeutic potential of conditioned medium (CM) derived from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED-CM) against NP using a mouse partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSL) model. Abnormal pain sensation, such as tactile allodynia and hyperalgesia, can be caused by PSL. In the behavioral test, intravenous administration of SHED-CM greatly improved the PSL-induced hypersensitivity. We found that treatment with SHED-CM resulted in the recruitment of M2 macrophages in the injured sciatic nerve and ipsilateral L4/L5 dorsal root ganglion and suppressed microglial activation in the spinal cord. Notably, specific depletion of the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages by mannosylated-Clodrosome markedly reduced the antinociceptive effect of SHED-CM. Intravenous administration of CM from M2 induced by SHED-CM (M2-CM) ameliorated the PSL-induced hypersensitivity. We found that M2-CM directly suppressed the expression of nociceptive receptors as well as proinflammatory mediators in Schwann cells. Taken together, our data suggest that SHED-CM ameliorates NP through the induction of the analgesic anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Thus, SHED-CM may be a novel therapeutic candidate for NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Fumiya Kano
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Linze Xia
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hideharu Hibi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aya Miyazaki
- Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Iwamoto
- Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshizo Matsuka
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akihito Yamamoto
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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26
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Hall BE, Macdonald E, Cassidy M, Yun S, Sapio MR, Ray P, Doty M, Nara P, Burton MD, Shiers S, Ray-Chaudhury A, Mannes AJ, Price TJ, Iadarola MJ, Kulkarni AB. Transcriptomic analysis of human sensory neurons in painful diabetic neuropathy reveals inflammation and neuronal loss. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4729. [PMID: 35304484 PMCID: PMC8933403 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological sensations caused by peripheral painful neuropathy occurring in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often described as 'sharp' and 'burning' and are commonly spontaneous in origin. Proposed etiologies implicate dysfunction of nociceptive sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) induced by generation of reactive oxygen species, microvascular defects, and ongoing axonal degeneration and regeneration. To investigate the molecular mechanisms contributing to diabetic pain, DRGs were acquired postmortem from patients who had been experiencing painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and subjected to transcriptome analyses to identify genes contributing to pathological processes and neuropathic pain. DPN occurs in distal extremities resulting in the characteristic "glove and stocking" pattern. Accordingly, the L4 and L5 DRGs, which contain the perikarya of primary afferent neurons innervating the foot, were analyzed from five DPN patients and compared with seven controls. Transcriptome analyses identified 844 differentially expressed genes. We observed increases in levels of inflammation-associated transcripts from macrophages in DPN patients that may contribute to pain hypersensitivity and, conversely, there were frequent decreases in neuronally-related genes. The elevated inflammatory gene profile and the accompanying downregulation of multiple neuronal genes provide new insights into intraganglionic pathology and mechanisms causing neuropathic pain in DPN patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradford E Hall
- Functional Genomics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Room 130, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Emma Macdonald
- Functional Genomics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Room 130, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Present Affiliation: NIH Graduate Partnerships Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Margaret Cassidy
- Functional Genomics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Room 130, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sijung Yun
- Yotta Biomed, LLC, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Matthew R Sapio
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Pradipta Ray
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Megan Doty
- Functional Genomics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Room 130, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Pranavi Nara
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael D Burton
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, School of Behavior and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Stephanie Shiers
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Abhik Ray-Chaudhury
- Surgical Neurology Branch, Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Neurological, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Andrew J Mannes
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Theodore J Price
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Michael J Iadarola
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ashok B Kulkarni
- Functional Genomics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Room 130, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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27
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Sivakumar PM, Prabhakar PK, Cetinel S, R N, Prabhawathi V. Molecular Insights on the Therapeutic Effect of Selected Flavonoids on Diabetic Neuropathy. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:1828-1846. [PMID: 35264089 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220309140855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
One of the common clinical complications of diabetes is diabetic neuropathy affecting the nervous system. Painful diabetic neuropathy is widespread and highly prevalent. At least 50% of diabetes patients develop diabetic neuropathy eventually. The four main types of diabetic neuropathy are peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, proximal neuropathy (diabetic polyradiculopathy), and mononeuropathy (Focal neuropathy). Glucose control remains the common therapy for diabetic neuropathy due to limited knowledge on early biomarkers that are expressed during nerve damage, thereby limiting the cure through pharmacotherapy. Glucose control dramatically reduces the onset of neuropathy in type 1 diabetes but proves less effective in type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the focus is on various herbal remedies for prevention and treatment. There is numerous research on the use of anticonvulsants and antidepressants for the management of pain in diabetic neuropathy. Extensive research is being done on natural products including the isolation of pure compounds like flavonoids from plants and their effect on diabetic neuropathy. This review focuses on the use of an important of flavonoids such as flavanols (e.g., quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin), flavanones (e.g., hesperidin, naringenin and c,lass eriodictyol), and flavones (e.g., apigenin, luteolin, tangeretin, chrysin, and diosmin) for the prevention and treatment of diabetic neuropathy. The mechanisms of action of flavonoids against diabetic neuropathy by their antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-glycation properties, etc. are also covered in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar
- Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, Vietnam.
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | | | - Sibel Cetinel
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey.
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Neelakandan R
- Department of Textile Technology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veluchamy Prabhawathi
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore - 641014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Emond JP, Caron P, Pušić M, Turcotte V, Simonyan D, Vogler A, Osredkar J, Rižner TL, Guillemette C. Circulating estradiol and its biologically active metabolites in endometriosis and in relation to pain symptoms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1034614. [PMID: 36743927 PMCID: PMC9891204 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1034614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endometriosis (EM) is an estrogen-dominant inflammatory disease linked to infertility that affects women of reproductive age. EM lesions respond to hormonal signals that regulate uterine tissue growth and trigger inflammation and pain. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether estradiol (E2) and its biologically active metabolites are differentially associated with EM given their estrogenic and non-estrogenic actions including proliferative and inflammatory properties. DESIGN We performed a retrospective study of 209 EM cases and 115 women without EM. METHODS Pain-related outcomes were assessed using surveys with validated scales. Preoperative serum levels of estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1), their 2-, 4- and 16- hydroxylated (OH) and methylated (MeO) derivatives (n=16) were measured by mass spectrometry. We evaluated the associations between estrogen levels and EM anatomic sites, surgical stage, risk of EM, and symptoms reported by women. Spearman correlations established the relationships between circulating steroids. RESULTS Of the sixteen estrogens profiled, eleven were detected above quantification limits in most individuals. Steroids were positively correlated, except 2-hydroxy 3MeO-E1 (2OH-3MeO-E1). Higher 2OH-3MeO-E1 was linked to an increased risk of EM (Odd ratio (OR)=1.91 (95%CI 1.09-3.34); P=0.025). Ovarian EM cases displayed enhanced 2-hydroxylation with higher 2MeO-E1 and 2OH-E1 levels (P< 0.009). Abdominal, pelvic and back pain symptoms were also linked to higher 2OH-3MeO-E1 levels (OR=1.86; 95%CI 1.06-3.27; P=0.032). CONCLUSIONS The 2-hydroxylation pathway emerges as an unfavorable feature of EM, and is associated with ovarian EM and pain related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Emond
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec – Université Laval Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Caron
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec – Université Laval Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Maja Pušić
- Laboratory for Molecular Basis and Biomarkers of Hormone Dependent Diseases, Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Véronique Turcotte
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec – Université Laval Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - David Simonyan
- Statistical and Clinical Research Platform, CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Andrej Vogler
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Joško Osredkar
- Clinical Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tea Lanišnik Rižner
- Laboratory for Molecular Basis and Biomarkers of Hormone Dependent Diseases, Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Chantal Guillemette, ; Tea Lanišnik Rižner,
| | - Chantal Guillemette
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec – Université Laval Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Canada Research Chair in Pharmacogenomics, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Chantal Guillemette, ; Tea Lanišnik Rižner,
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Méndez-Morales S, Pérez-De Marco J, Rodríguez-Cortés O, Flores-Mejía R, Martínez-Venegas M, Sánchez-Vera Y, Tamay-Cach F, Lomeli-Gonzaléz J, Emilio Reyes A, Lehman-Mendoza R, Martínez-Arredondo H, Vazquez-Dávila R, Torres-Roldan J, Correa-Basurto J, Arellano-Mendoza M. Diabetic neuropathy: Molecular approach a treatment opportunity. Vascul Pharmacol 2022; 143:106954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2022.106954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Beating Pain with Psychedelics: Matter over Mind? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 134:104482. [PMID: 34922987 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Basic pain research has shed light on key cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying nociceptive and phenomenological aspects of pain. Despite these advances, [[we still yearn for] the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies to address the unmet needs of about 70% of chronic neuropathic pain patients whose pain fails to respond to opioids as well as to other conventional analgesic agents. Importantly, a substantial body of clinical observations over the past decade cumulatively suggests that the psychedelic class of drugs may possess heuristic value for understanding and treating chronic pain conditions. The present review presents a theoretical framework for hitherto insufficiently understood neuroscience-based mechanisms of psychedelics' potential analgesic effects. To that end, searches of PubMed-indexed journals were performed using the following Medical Subject Headings' terms: pain, analgesia, inflammatory, brain connectivity, ketamine, psilocybin, functional imaging, and dendrites. Recursive sets of scientific and clinical evidence extracted from this literature review were summarized within the following key areas: (1) studies employing psychedelics for alleviation of physical and emotional pain; (2) potential neuro-restorative effects of psychedelics to remediate the impaired connectivity underlying the dissociation between pain-related conscious states/cognitions and the subcortical activity/function leading to the eventual chronicity through immediate and long-term effects on dentritic plasticity; (3) anti-neuroinflammatory and pro-immunomodulatory actions of psychedelics as the may pertain to the role of these factors in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain; (4) safety, legal, and ethical consideration inherent in psychedelics' pharmacotherapy. In addition to direct beneficial effects in terms of reduction of pain and suffering, psychedelics' inclusion in the analgesic armamentarium will contribute to deeper and more sophisticated insights not only into pain syndromes but also into frequently comorbid psychiatric condition associated with emotional pain, e.g., depressive and anxiety disorders. Further inquiry is clearly warranted into the above areas that have potential to evolve into further elucidate the mechanisms of chronic pain and affective disorders, and lead to the development of innovative, safe, and more efficacious neurobiologically-based therapeutic approaches.
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31
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Peng P, Yu H, Xing C, Tao B, Li C, Huang J, Ning G, Zhang B, Feng S. Exosomes-mediated phenotypic switch of macrophages in the immune microenvironment after spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112311. [PMID: 34653754 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although accumulating evidence indicated that modulating macrophage polarization could ameliorate the immune microenvironment and facilitate the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI), the underlying mechanism of macrophage phenotypic switch is still poorly understood. Exosomes (Exos), a potential tool of cell-to-cell communication, may play important roles in cell reprogramming. Herein, we investigated the roles of macrophages-derived exosomes played for macrophage polarization in the SCI immune microenvironment. In this study, we found the fraction of M2 macrophages was markedly decreased after SCI. Moreover, the M2 macrophages-derived exosomes could increase the percentage of M2 macrophages, decrease that of M1 macrophages while the M1 macrophages-derived exosomes acted oppositely. According to the results of in silico analyses and molecular experiments verification, this phenotypic switch might be mediated by the exosomal miRNA-mRNA network, in which the miR-23a-3p/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis might play an important role. In conclusion, our study suggests macrophage polarization that regulated by various interventions might be mediated by their own exosomes at last. Moreover, M2 macrophages-derived exosomes could promote M2 macrophage polarization via the potential miRNA-mRNA network. Considering its potential of modulating polarization, M2 macrophages-derived exosomes may be a promising therapeutic agent for SCI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Peng
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Yu
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Cong Xing
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Tao
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Li
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyuan Huang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangzhi Ning
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Pawlik K, Ciechanowska A, Ciapała K, Rojewska E, Makuch W, Mika J. Blockade of CC Chemokine Receptor Type 3 Diminishes Pain and Enhances Opioid Analgesic Potency in a Model of Neuropathic Pain. Front Immunol 2021; 12:781310. [PMID: 34795678 PMCID: PMC8593225 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.781310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a serious clinical issue, and its treatment remains a challenge in contemporary medicine. Thus, dynamic development in the area of animal and clinical studies has been observed. The mechanisms of neuropathic pain are still not fully understood; therefore, studies investigating these mechanisms are extremely important. However, much evidence indicates that changes in the activation and infiltration of immune cells cause the release of pronociceptive cytokines and contribute to neuropathic pain development and maintenance. Moreover, these changes are associated with low efficacy of opioids used to treat neuropathy. To date, the role of CC chemokine receptor type 3 (CCR3) in nociception has not been studied. Similarly, little is known about its endogenous ligands (C-C motif ligand; CCL), namely, CCL5, CCL7, CCL11, CCL24, CCL26, and CCL28. Our research showed that the development of hypersensitivity in rats following chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve is associated with upregulation of CCL7 and CCL11 in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Moreover, our results provide the first evidence that single and repeated intrathecal administration of the CCR3 antagonist SB328437 diminishes mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity. Additionally, repeated administration enhances the analgesic properties of morphine and buprenorphine following nerve injury. Simultaneously, the injection of SB328437 reduces the protein levels of some pronociceptive cytokines, such as IL-6, CCL7, and CCL11, in parallel with a reduction in the activation and influx of GFAP-, CD4- and MPO-positive cells in the spinal cord and/or DRG. Moreover, we have shown for the first time that an inhibitor of myeloperoxidase-4-aminobenzoic hydrazide may relieve pain and simultaneously enhance morphine and buprenorphine efficacy. The obtained results indicate the important role of CCR3 and its modulation in neuropathic pain treatment and suggest that it represents an interesting target for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pawlik
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Ciechanowska
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ciapała
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Rojewska
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wioletta Makuch
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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33
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Mercan A, Uzun ST, Keles S, Hacibeyoglu G, Yilmaz R, Reisli R. Immunological mechanism of postherpetic neuralgia and effect of pregabalin treatment on the mechanism: a prospective single-arm observational study. Korean J Pain 2021; 34:463-470. [PMID: 34593664 PMCID: PMC8494950 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2021.34.4.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although neuropathic pain is a severe and common pain, its pathophysiology has not been elucidated yet. Studies in recent years have focused on the immune system's role in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of immunological mechanisms in neuropathic pain and the effect of pregabalin by measuring immunological marker levels in peripheral blood before and after pregabalin treatment in postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) patients with neuropathic pain. METHODS Forty patients diagnosed with PHN were included in the study. CD4, T follicular cells (Tfh: CD4+CXCR5+PD1+), Th17 (CD4+CCR6+ and CD4+IL17A+), regulatory T cells (Treg: CD4+ CD25+foxp3+), Th1 (CD4+ CXCR3+ and CD4+ IFN-γ+) and Th2 (CD4+ IL-4+) cell ratios were measured in peripheral blood samples before treatment and after 3 months of treatment. RESULTS When immunological marker and inflammation parameter levels were compared before and after treatment, the helper T cell ratio (CD3+, CD4+) was 30.28 ± 12.27% before treatment and 34.93 ± 11.70% after treatment, so there was a statistically significant increase (P = 0.028). Th17 was 4.75 ± 5.02% before treatment and 5.80 ± 3.13% after treatment, and there was a statistically significant increase (P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Immunological mechanisms play an essential role in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain, immunologically based treatment approach will be the critical point of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysel Mercan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sema Tuncer Uzun
- Division of Algology, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatric Health, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Hacibeyoglu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Resul Yilmaz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ruhiye Reisli
- Division of Algology, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
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Painter JD, Akbari O. Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells: Protectors in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:727008. [PMID: 34489979 PMCID: PMC8416625 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.727008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are the innate counterparts of Th2 cells and are critically involved in the maintenance of homeostasis in a variety of tissues. Instead of expressing specific antigen receptors, ILC2s respond to external stimuli such as alarmins released from damage. These cells help control the delicate balance of inflammation in adipose tissue, which is a determinant of metabolic outcome. ILC2s play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through their protective effects on tissue homeostasis. A variety of crosstalk takes place between resident adipose cells and ILC2s, with each interaction playing a key role in controlling this balance. ILC2 effector function is associated with increased browning of adipose tissue and an anti-inflammatory immune profile. Trafficking and maintenance of ILC2 populations are critical for tissue homeostasis. The metabolic environment and energy source significantly affect the number and function of ILC2s in addition to affecting their interactions with resident cell types. How ILC2s react to changes in the metabolic environment is a clear determinant of the severity of disease. Treating sources of metabolic instability via critical immune cells provides a clear avenue for modulation of systemic homeostasis and new treatments of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Painter
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Gushchina S, Yip PK, Parry GA, Sivakumar H, Li J, Liu M, Bo X. Alleviation of neuropathic pain by over-expressing a soluble colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor to suppress microgliosis and macrophage accumulation. Glia 2021; 69:2963-2980. [PMID: 34472629 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Microglial proliferation and activation and macrophage accumulation are implicated in neuropathic pain development. In this study, we aim to suppress microgliosis and macrophage accumulation by over-expressing a non-functional soluble colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (sCSF1R) using an adeno-associated virus 9 vector (AAV9). AAV9/sCSF1R and the control vector AAV9/GFP were intrathecally administered into the lumbar spine of adult C57BL/6 mice. Two weeks later, these mice underwent partial sciatic nerve ligation to induce neuropathic pain. GFP and sCSF1R were highly expressed in lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and spinal cord of AAV9-injected mice. A significant increase in microglia densities in the dorsal and ventral horns of lumbar spinal cords and macrophage densities in DRG and sciatic nerves were observed in the mice with either ligation alone or pre-treated with AAV9/GFP. In nerve-ligated mice pre-treated with AAV9/sCSF1R the microglia densities in the dorsal and ventral horns and macrophage densities in DRG and sciatic nerves were significantly lower compared to nerve-ligated mice pre-treated with AAV9/GFP. Behavioral tests showed that nerve-ligated mice pre-treated with AAV9/sCSF1R had a significantly higher paw withdrawal threshold, indicating the alleviation of neuropathic pain. The results implicate that viral vector-mediated expression of sCSF1R may represent a novel strategy in the alleviation of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Gushchina
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Department of Cytology, Histology and Embryology, Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - Ping K Yip
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Glesni A Parry
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Haripriya Sivakumar
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jie Li
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Min Liu
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Xuenong Bo
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Tian J, Song T, Wang H, Wang W, Ma X, Hu Y. Toll-Like Receptor 2 Antagonist Ameliorates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Associated Neuropathic Pain by Repolarizing Pro-inflammatory Macrophages. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2276-2284. [PMID: 34081245 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with severe outcomes. The mechanisms of physiopathology of diabetic neuropathy are not well elucidated. Inflammation and inflammatory macrophages are recognized to be crucial in diabetic neuropathy. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is an important factor in innate immune response which could promote the polarization of inflammatory macrophages. In present study, we evaluated the effects of a TLR2 antagonist CU-CPT22 on diabetic neuropathy. We induced T2DM in mice by feeding with high fat diet (HFD). We measured the body weight, blood glucose level, paw withdrawal threshold, inflammatory cytokine production, and macrophages infiltration in T2DM mice. We evaluated the effects of CU-CPT22 on pro-inflammatory cytokines production, macrophage marker expression in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-treated BMDMs. We administrated CU-CPT22 in T2DM mice and measured the pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, expression of macrophages markers in sciatic nerve (SCN), and paw withdrawal threshold. T2DM mice had significantly increased body weight and blood glucose, and had significantly decreased paw withdrawal threshold. Obvious increased pro-inflammatory cytokine level and infiltration of M1 phenotype macrophages was observed in SCN from T2DM mice. CU-CPT22 prevented pro-inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-treated BMDMs and re-polarized them to M2 phenotype. CU-CPT22 suppressed the inflammation and induced M2 macrophages in SCN from T2DM mice, and ameliorated the paw withdrawal threshold in T2DM mice. CU-CPT22 ameliorates neuropathic pain in T2DM by promoting M2 phenotype macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tieying Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Gynecology, Shijiazhuang First Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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Gao L, Fan F, Wang L, Tang B, Wen Z, Tang J, Dai T, Jin H. Polarization of macrophages in the trigeminal ganglion of rats with pulpitis. J Oral Rehabil 2021; 49:228-236. [PMID: 34398484 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental pulp tissues are rich in pain-related afferent nerve fibers, which originate from primary sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglion (TG). The mechanisms of central nervous system (CNS) underlying ectopic pain following peripheral inflammation have been reported that the macrophages as inflammatory and immunologic mediators in the TG play an important role in the process of pulpitis and hyperalgesia. OBJECTIVE(S) To observe the polarization response and dynamic distribution of macrophages in the TG during the development of dental pulp inflammation. METHODS A rat model of pulpitis was established using complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), toluidine blue (TB) staining, and RT-qPCR were performed to observe the expression of macrophage-related factors in the TG. RESULTS The results of IHC staining showed that M2 macrophages labeled with CD206 were observed in the TG of both the control and CFA groups. The statistical analysis indicated that the number of CD206-positive macrophages in the TG increased significantly at 24 h after CFA-induced pulpitis, reached a peak at 2 weeks, and then returned to the normal level after 6 weeks. The ratio of M2/M1 in the CFA groups was significantly lower than that in the control group from 24 to 72 h, and this pattern was reversed at 2 weeks after CFA-induced pulpitis; then, the ratio increased significantly and was maintained at a high level for 4 weeks. RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of IL-10 in the TG increased significantly from 1 to 4 weeks after CFA-induced pulpitis. CONCLUSION The trend of M2 macrophages was opposite to that of M1 macrophages in the TG during the process of pulpitis induced by CFA, which is consistent with the expression of macrophage-related cytokines. Macrophage polarization in the TG may participate in the neuroinflammation response induced by dental pulpitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gao
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fan Fan
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Stomatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lina Wang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bohan Tang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhihao Wen
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Tang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ting Dai
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Haiwei Jin
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Abstract
The evolution of therapeutics for and management of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection has shifted it from predominately manifesting as a severe, acute disease with high mortality to a chronic, controlled infection with a near typical life expectancy. However, despite extensive use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, the prevalence of chronic widespread pain in people with HIV remains high even in those with a low viral load and high CD4 count. Chronic widespread pain is a common comorbidity of HIV infection and is associated with decreased quality of life and a high rate of disability. Chronic pain in people with HIV is multifactorial and influenced by HIV-induced peripheral neuropathy, drug-induced peripheral neuropathy, and chronic inflammation. The specific mechanisms underlying these three broad categories that contribute to chronic widespread pain are not well understood, hindering the development and application of pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to mitigate chronic widespread pain. The consequent insufficiencies in clinical approaches to alleviation of chronic pain in people with HIV contribute to an overreliance on opioids and alarming rise in active addiction and overdose. This article reviews the current understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic widespread pain in people with HIV and identifies potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets to mitigate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan R Addis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jennifer J DeBerry
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Wang Z, Song K, Zhao W, Zhao Z. Dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment promoted the neuropathic pain via paracrine inflammatory and growth factors. Bioengineered 2021; 11:661-678. [PMID: 32434423 PMCID: PMC8291888 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1771068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain associated with cancers was caused by tumor itself or tumor therapy, which was aggravated by sensitizing nociceptor sensory neurons. The tumor microenvironment contributed to tumorigenesis, tumor progress, tumor metastasis, tumor immune resistance, tumor chemotherapy, and tumor immunotherapy. In the current study, we explored the contributions of the infiltrated dendritic cells insulted by Wnt1 in tumor microenvironment to neuropathic pain associated with cancers. The different transcriptome of infiltrated dendritic cells from lung adenocarcinoma and from juxtatumor indicated that thousands of genes were up-regulated by the tumor microenvironment, some of which were enriched in pain pathway. The paracrine factors such as TNF, WNT10A, PDGFA, and NRG1 were also elevated in tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells. The receptors of paracrine factors were highly expressed on dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and not altered in pain conditions. Single-cell RNA-seq data unveiled that TNFSF1 was expressed in neurons, microglial cells, and endothelial cells. PDGFRA was only expressed in microglial cells. ERBB3 was only expressed in neurons. FZD1 and 3 were extensively expressed in various cells. The components composed of signaling pathways associated with the above paracrine factors participated in pain networks. The transcription factors activated by paracrine factor signaling regulated the expression of genes associated with pain. TNF, WNT10A, and PDGFA were extensively expressed in multiple cancers, but their expression in patients did not distribute normally. These data indicated that infiltrated dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment promoted neuropathic pain by sensitizing nociceptor sensory neurons via paracrine factors. Blockage of paracrine factor signaling might alleviate cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Wang
- Department of Pain Management, Tianjin First Center Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University NanKai Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Wenxin Zhao
- School of the Fourth Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Zhongmin Zhao
- Department of Pain Management, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital) , Taizhou, China
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Lu HJ, Fu YY, Wei QQ, Zhang ZJ. Neuroinflammation in HIV-Related Neuropathic Pain. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:653852. [PMID: 33959022 PMCID: PMC8093869 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.653852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection around the world, chronic complications are becoming a new problem along with the prolonged life expectancy. Chronic pain is widespread in HIV infected patients and even affects those with a low viral load undergoing long-term treatment with antiviral drugs, negatively influencing the adherence to disease management and quality of life. A large proportion of chronic pain is neuropathic pain, which defined as chronic pain caused by nervous system lesions or diseases, presenting a series of nervous system symptoms including both positive and negative signs. Injury caused by HIV protein, central and peripheral sensitization, and side effects of antiretroviral therapy lead to neuroinflammation, which is regarded as a maladaptive mechanism originally serving to promote regeneration and healing, constituting the main mechanism of HIV-related neuropathic pain. Gp120, as HIV envelope protein, has been found to be the major toxin that induces neuropathic pain. Particularly, the microglia, releasing numerous pro-inflammatory substances (such as TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6), not only sensitize the neurons but also are the center part of the crosstalk bridging the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes together forming the central sensitization during HIV infection, which is not discussed detailly in recent reviews. In the meantime, some NRTIs and PIs exacerbate the neuroinflammation response. In this review, we highlight the importance of clarifying the mechanism of HIV-related neuropathic pain, and discuss about the limitation of the related studies as future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Jun Lu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qian-Qi Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital of Tibet Military Command, Xizang, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Cai X, Xi X, Li X, Zhang X, Zhang X, Huang Z, Yan Z. Antinociceptive effects of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles by carrying microRNA-216a. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:1971-1989. [PMID: 34017370 PMCID: PMC8129326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) represents the pain induced by bone metastases from malignancies. The role of extracellular vesicles (Evs) has been underscored in bone metastasis. However, the function of Evs, especially these derived from M2 macrophages (M2φ-Evs) in CIBP is unclear. Therefore, this investigation aimed to probe the possible antinociceptive effect of M2φ-Evs in CIBP and the underlying mechanism of action. Using the C57bl/6 mice, a CIBP animal model was established by the administration of Walker 256 mammary gland carcinoma cells, followed by M2φ-Evs administration. It was found that CIBP mice treated with M2φ-Evs had significantly reduced nociception and serum inflammatory factors. Microarray sequencing revealed that microRNA-216a (miR-216a) was the most upregulated miRNA in Evs-treated mouse spinal cord tissues. Subsequent bioinformatics, GSEA and KEGG enrichment analyses demonstrated that HMGB1 and TLR4-NF-κB pathway were the downstream effectors of miR-216a and were both downregulated in spinal cord tissues of CIBP mice treated with M2φ-Evs. Rescue experiments displayed that after we reduced miR-216a expression in M2φ-Evs, the antinociceptive effect of M2φ-Evs on CIBP mice was inhibited, and the HMGB1 expression and the TLR4-NF-κB signaling were significantly activated. Together, M2φ-Evs relieve CIBP by carrying miR-216a, which was elicited through the HMGB1/TLR4-NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Xi Xi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650101, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Xiangming Li
- Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolina Zhang
- Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Zhangxiang Huang
- Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Yan
- Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University Haiyuan CollegeKunming 650101, Yunnan, P. R. China
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Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel α-Aminoamides Containing Benzoheterocyclic Moiety for the Treatment of Pain. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061716. [PMID: 33808667 PMCID: PMC8003485 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel α-aminoamide derivatives containing different benzoheterocyclics moiety were synthesized and evaluated as voltage-gated sodium ion channels blocks the treatment of pain. Compounds 6a, 6e, and 6f containing the benzofuran group displayed more potent in vivo analgesic activity than ralfinamide in both the formalin test and the writhing assay. Interestingly, they also exhibited potent in vitro anti-Nav1.7 and anti-Nav1.8 activity in the patch-clamp electrophysiology assay. Therefore, compounds 6a, 6e, and 6f, which have inhibitory potency for two pain-related Nav targets, could serve as new leads for the development of analgesic medicines.
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Intravenous Administration of Vitamin C in the Treatment of Herpes Zoster-Associated Pain: Two Case Reports and Literature Review. Pain Res Manag 2020; 2020:8857287. [PMID: 33335639 PMCID: PMC7723478 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8857287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Herpes zoster (HZ) is an acute inflammatory neurocutaneous disease caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus. It is estimated that the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia following HZ is 10–20%. The leading risk factors of the prognosis are aging and immunity dysfunction. Vitamin C plays a pivoted role in enhancing white blood cell function. Epidemiological evidence and clinical studies have indicated an association between pain and suboptimal vitamin C status. At present, vitamin C has been used as an additional option in the treatment of HZ-associated pain. Despite the current controversy, case reports and randomized controlled studies have indicated that both acute- and postherpetic neuralgia can be dramatically alleviated following intravenous vitamin C infusions. Case Presentation. Two patients (male aged 72 and female 78 years) with HZ did not respond well to antiviral therapy and analgesics. Skin lesions in the right groin and front thigh healed after early antiviral therapy, but the outbreak of pain persisted in the male patient. The female patient presented to our clinic with clusters of rashes in the right forehead with severe edema of her right upper eyelid. Because nerve blockade could not be conducted for both patients, intravenous infusion of vitamin C was applied and resulted in an immediate remission of the breakthrough pain in the male patient and cutaneous lesions in the female patient. Conclusions The use of vitamin C appears to be an emerging treatment alternative for attenuating HZ and PHN pain. Hence, we recommend the addition of concomitant use of intravenously administered vitamin C into therapeutic strategies in the treatment of HZ-associated pain, especially for therapy-resistant cases. Furthermore, animal studies are required to determine analgesic mechanisms of vitamin C, and more randomized clinical trials are essential to further determine the optimal dose and timing of administration of vitamin C.
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Wilkerson JL, Alberti LB, Kerwin AA, Ledent CA, Thakur GA, Makriyannis A, Milligan ED. Peripheral versus central mechanisms of the cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist AM1710 in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01850. [PMID: 32977358 PMCID: PMC7749576 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The CB2 R agonist AM1710, examined in animal models of peripheral neuropathy, is effective in controlling aberrant light touch sensitivity, referred to as mechanical allodynia. However, nonspecific binding of AM1710 to CB1 R, either peripherally or centrally, could be partially responsible for the analgesic effects of AM1710. Thus, we sought to determine in mice whether spinal (intrathecal; i.t.) or peripheral AM1710 administration could lead to anti-allodynia by reducing the protein expression of spinal and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) proinflammatory cytokines and elevating the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the absence of CB1 R. Macrophage cell cultures were examined to characterize AM1710-mediated suppression of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Either i.p. or i.t. AM1710 reversed CCI-induced mechanical allodynia to sham levels in CB1 R (-/-), (+/-), (+/+) mice. CCI-induced neuropathy decreased IL-10 immunoreactivity (IR) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, with i.t. AM1710 restoring basal IL-10 IR. CCI-induced elevations in proinflammatory cytokine IR were decreased within the spinal cord only after i.t. AM1710 in all mouse genotypes. Meanwhile, within DRG tissue from neuropathic mice, proinflammatory cytokines were decreased following either i.p. or i.t. AM1710. Analysis of cultured supernatants revealed AM1710 decreased TNF-alpha protein. We conclude that CB1 R is dispensable for either peripheral or central anti-allodynic actions of AM1710 in neuropathic mice. Cannabinoid CB2 R agonists produce heightened spinal IL-10 which may be clinically relevant to successfully treat neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny L Wilkerson
- Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lauren B Alberti
- Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Audra A Kerwin
- Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Ganesh A Thakur
- Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Erin D Milligan
- Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Pathogenic mechanisms of lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid in chronic pain. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 81:101079. [PMID: 33259854 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A number of membrane lipid-derived mediators play pivotal roles in the initiation, maintenance, and regulation of various types of acute and chronic pain. Acute pain, comprising nociceptive and inflammatory pain warns us about the presence of damage or harmful stimuli. However, it can be efficiently reversed by opioid analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Prostaglandin E2 and I2, the representative lipid mediators, are well-known causes of acute pain. However, some lipid mediators such as lipoxins, resolvins or endocannabinoids suppress acute pain. Various types of peripheral and central neuropathic pain (NeuP) as well as fibromyalgia (FM) are representatives of chronic pain and refractory owing to abnormal pain processing distinct from acute pain. Accumulating evidence demonstrated that lipid mediators represented by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) are involved in the initiation and maintenance of both NeuP and FM in experimental animal models. The LPAR1-mediated peripheral mechanisms including dorsal root demyelination, Cavα2δ1 expression in dorsal root ganglion, and LPAR3-mediated amplification of central LPA production via glial cells are involved in the series of molecular mechanisms underlying NeuP. This review also discusses the involvement of lipid mediators in emerging research directives, including itch-sensing, sexual dimorphism, and the peripheral immune system.
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Fujita W. The Possible Role of MOPr-DOPr Heteromers and Its Regulatory Protein RTP4 at Sensory Neurons in Relation to Pain Perception. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:609362. [PMID: 33304244 PMCID: PMC7693438 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.609362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteromers between mu opioid receptor (MOPr) and delta opioid receptor (DOPr) (i.e., MOPr-DOPr heteromer) have been found to be expressed in different brain regions, in the spinal cord, and in dorsal root ganglia. Recent studies on this heteromer reveal its important pathophysiological function in pain regulation including neuropathic pain; this suggests a role as a novel therapeutic target in chronic pain management. In addition, receptor transporter protein 4 (RTP4) has been shown to be involved in the intracellular maturation of the MOPr-DOPr heteromers. RTP4 appears to have unique distribution in vivo being highly expressed in sensory neurons and also macrophages; the latter are effector cells of the innate immune system that phagocytose foreign substances and secrete both pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators; this suggests a possible contribution of RTP4 to neuronal immune-related pathological conditions such as neuropathic pain. Although RTP4 could be considered as an important therapeutic target in the management of pain via MOPr-DOPr heteromer, a few reports have supported this. This review will summarize the possible role or functions of the MOPr-DOPr heteromer and its regulatory molecule RTP4 in pain modulation at sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Fujita
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Mesenchymal stem cells reduce the oxaliplatin-induced sensory neuropathy through the reestablishment of redox homeostasis in the spinal cord. Life Sci 2020; 265:118755. [PMID: 33189826 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The present study was designed to investigate whether the antinociceptive effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) during oxaliplatin (OXL)-induced sensory neuropathy is related to antioxidant properties. MAIN METHODS Male mice C57BL/6 were submitted to repeated intravenous administration of OXL (1 mg/kg, 9 administrations). After the establishment of sensory neuropathy, mice were treated with a single intravenous administration of MSC (1 × 106), vehicle or gabapentin. Paw mechanical and thermal nociceptive thresholds were evaluated through von Frey filaments and cold plate test, respectively. Motor performance was evaluated in the rota-rod test. Gene expression profile, cytokine levels, and oxidative stress markers in the spinal cord were evaluated by real-time PCR, ELISA and biochemical assays, respectively. KEY FINDINGS OXL-treated mice presented behavioral signs of sensory neuropathy, such as mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, which were completely reverted by a single administration of MSC. Repeated oral treatment with gabapentin (70 mg/kg) induced only transient antinociception. The IL-1β and TNF-α spinal levels did not differ between mice with or without sensory neuropathy. MSC increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-10 and TGF-β, in the spinal cord of neuropathic mice, in addition to increasing the gene expression of antioxidant factors SOD and Nrf-2. Additionally, nitrite and MDA spinal levels were reduced by the MSC treatment. SIGNIFICANCE MSC induce reversion of sensory neuropathy induced by OXL possibly by activation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways, leading to reestablishment of redox homeostasis in the spinal cord.
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Kanno K, Shimizu K, Shinoda M, Hayashi M, Takeichi O, Iwata K. Role of macrophage-mediated Toll-like receptor 4-interleukin-1R signaling in ectopic tongue pain associated with tooth pulp inflammation. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:312. [PMID: 33081813 PMCID: PMC7576725 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01995-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The existence of referred pain and ectopic paresthesia caused by tooth pulp inflammation may make definitive diagnosis difficult and cause misdiagnosis or mistreatment; thus, elucidation of that molecular mechanism is urgent. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying ectopic pain, especially tongue hyperalgesia, after tooth pulp inflammation. Methods A rat model with mandibular first molar tooth pulp exposure was employed. Tooth pulp exposure-induced heat and mechanical-evoked tongue hypersensitivity was measured, and immunohistochemical staining for Iba1, a marker of active macrophages, IL-1β, IL-1 type I receptor (IL-1RΙ), and toll-like receptor 4 in the trigeminal ganglion was performed. In addition, we investigated the effects of injections of liposomal clodronate Clophosome-A (LCCA), a selective macrophage depletion agent, lipopolysaccharide from Rhodobacter sphaeroides (LPS-RS, a toll-like receptor 4 antagonist), IL-1β, or heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70, a selective agonist of toll-like receptor 4), to examine changes in tongue hypersensitivity and in the regulation of IL-1RΙ, toll-like receptor 4, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) biosynthesis. Results At day 1 after tooth pulp exposure, obvious tooth pulp inflammation was observed. Tooth pulp exposure-induced heat and mechanical tongue hypersensitivity was observed from days 1 to 3 after tooth pulp exposure. The production of IL-1β in activated macrophages and toll-like receptor 4 and IL-1RΙ expression were significantly increased in trigeminal ganglion neurons innervating the tongue following tooth pulp exposure. Intra-trigeminal ganglion injection of LCCA significantly suppressed tongue hypersensitivity; however, toll-like receptor 4 and IL-1RΙ expression in trigeminal ganglion neurons innervating the tongue was not significantly altered. Intra-trigeminal ganglion injection of LPS-RS significantly suppressed tongue hypersensitivity and reduced IL-1RΙ expression in the trigeminal ganglion neurons innervating the tongue following tooth pulp exposure. Intra-trigeminal ganglion injection of recombinant Hsp70 significantly promoted tongue hypersensitivity and increased IL-1RI expression in trigeminal ganglion neurons innervating the tongue in naive rats. Furthermore, intra-trigeminal ganglion injection of recombinant IL-1β led to tongue hypersensitivity and enhanced TRPV1 expression in trigeminal ganglion neurons innervating the tongue in naive rats. Conclusions The present findings suggest that the neuron-macrophage interaction mediated by toll-like receptor 4 and IL-1RI activation in trigeminal ganglion neurons affects the pathogenesis of abnormal tongue pain following tooth pulp inflammation via IL-1RI and TRPV1 signaling in the trigeminal ganglion. Further research may contribute to the establishment of new therapeutic and diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kanno
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Kohei Shimizu
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan. .,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masamichi Shinoda
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeichi
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Mecklenburg J, Zou Y, Wangzhou A, Garcia D, Lai Z, Tumanov AV, Dussor G, Price TJ, Akopian AN. Transcriptomic sex differences in sensory neuronal populations of mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15278. [PMID: 32943709 PMCID: PMC7499251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72285-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many chronic pain conditions show sex differences in their epidemiology. This could be attributed to sex-dependent differential expression of genes (DEGs) involved in nociceptive pathways, including sensory neurons. This study aimed to identify sex-dependent DEGs in estrous female versus male sensory neurons, which were prepared by using different approaches and ganglion types. RNA-seq on non-purified sensory neuronal preparations, such as whole dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and hindpaw tissues, revealed only a few sex-dependent DEGs. Sensory neuron purification increased numbers of sex-dependent DEGs. These DEG sets were substantially influenced by preparation approaches and ganglion types [DRG vs trigeminal ganglia (TG)]. Percoll-gradient enriched DRG and TG neuronal fractions produced distinct sex-dependent DEG groups. We next isolated a subset of sensory neurons by sorting DRG neurons back-labeled from paw and thigh muscle. These neurons have a unique sex-dependent DEG set, yet there is similarity in biological processes linked to these different groups of sex-dependent DEGs. Female-predominant DEGs in sensory neurons relate to inflammatory, synaptic transmission and extracellular matrix reorganization processes that could exacerbate neuro-inflammation severity, especially in TG. Male-selective DEGs were linked to oxidative phosphorylation and protein/molecule metabolism and production. Our findings catalog preparation-dependent sex differences in neuronal gene expressions in sensory ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Mecklenburg
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yi Zou
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andi Wangzhou
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Dawn Garcia
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zhao Lai
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Alexei V Tumanov
- Departments of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Gregory Dussor
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Theodore J Price
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Armen N Akopian
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, The School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA.
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Ntogwa M, Imai S, Hiraiwa R, Koyanagi M, Matsumoto M, Ogihara T, Nakagawa S, Omura T, Yonezawa A, Nakagawa T, Matsubara K. Schwann cell-derived CXCL1 contributes to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120-induced neuropathic pain by modulating macrophage infiltration in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:325-339. [PMID: 32229220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroinflammatory responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coat proteins, such as glycoprotein 120 (gp120), are considered to be responsible for the HIV-associated distal sensory neuropathy. Accumulating evidences suggest that T-cell line tropic X4 gp120 increases macrophage infiltration into the peripheral nerves, and thereby induces neuroinflammation leading to pain. However, the mechanisms underlying X4 gp120-induced macrophage recruitment to the peripheral nervous systems remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that perineural application of X4 gp120 from HIV-1 strains IIIB and MN elicited mechanical hypersensitivity and spontaneous pain-like behaviors in mice. Furthermore, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical studies revealed increased infiltration of bone marrow-derived macrophages into the parenchyma of sciatic nerves and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) 7 days after gp120 IIIB or MN application. Chemical deletion of circulating macrophages using clodronate liposomes markedly suppressed gp120 IIIB-induced pain-like behaviors. In in vitro cell infiltration analysis, RAW 264.7 cell (a murine macrophage cell line) was chemoattracted to conditioned medium from gp120 IIIB- or MN-treated cultured Schwann cells, but not to conditioned medium from these gp120-treated DRG neurons, suggesting possible involvement of Schwann cell-derived soluble factors in macrophage infiltration. We identified using a gene expression array that CXCL1, a chemoattractant of macrophages and neutrophils, was increased in gp120 IIIB-treated cultured Schwann cells. Similar to gp120 IIIB or MN, perineural application of recombinant CXCL1 elicited pain-like behaviors accompanied by macrophage infiltration to the peripheral nerves. Furthermore, the repeated injection of CXCR2 (receptor for CXCL1) antagonist or CXCL1 neutralizing antibody prevented both pain-like behaviors and macrophage infiltration in gp120 IIIB-treated mice. Thus, the present study newly defines that Schwann cell-derived CXCL1, secreted in response to X4 gp120 exposure, is responsible for macrophage infiltration into peripheral nerves, and is thereby associated with pain-like behaviors in mice. We propose herein that communication between Schwann cells and macrophages may play a prominent role in the induction of X4 HIV-1-associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mpumelelo Ntogwa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Ren Hiraiwa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Madoka Koyanagi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mayuna Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogihara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Omura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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