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Wang C, Yue Y, Huang S, Wang K, Yang X, Chen J, Huang J, Wu Z. M2b macrophages stimulate lymphangiogenesis to reduce myocardial fibrosis after myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:384-393. [PMID: 35188856 PMCID: PMC8865132 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2033798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Therapeutic lymphangiogenesis is a new treatment for cardiovascular diseases. Our previous study showed M2b macrophages can alleviate myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). However, the relation between M2b macrophages and lymphangiogenesis is not clear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of M2b macrophages on lymphangiogenesis after MI/RI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into Sham operation group (control, n = 8), MI/RI group (n = 16) and M2b macrophage transplantation group (n = 16). M2b macrophages (1 × 106) in 100 μL of normal saline or the same volume of vehicle was injected into the cardiac ischaemic zone. Two weeks later, echocardiography and lymphatic counts were performed, and the extent of myocardial fibrosis and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) and VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3) were determined. In vitro, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were cultured with M2b macrophages for 6-24 h, and the proliferation, migration and tube formation of the LECs were assessed. RESULTS In vivo, M2b macrophage transplantation increased the level of lymphangiogenesis 2.11-fold, reduced 4.42% fibrosis, improved 18.65% left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and upregulated the expressions of VEGFC and VEGFR3. In vitro, M2b macrophage increased the proliferation, migration, tube formation and VEGFC expression of LECs. M2b macrophage supernatant upregulated VEGFR3 expression of LECs. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that M2b macrophages can promote lymphangiogenesis to reduce myocardial fibrosis and improve heart function, suggesting the possible use of M2b macrophage for myocardial protection therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, PR China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Suiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, PR China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Keke Wang
- Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, PR China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiantao Chen
- Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, PR China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, PR China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhongkai Wu
- Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, PR China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Liang L, Liu L, Zhou W, Yang C, Mai G, Li H, Chen Y. Gut microbiota-derived butyrate regulates gut mucus barrier repair by activating the macrophage/WNT/ERK signaling pathway. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:291-307. [PMID: 35194640 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is majorly associated with dysregulation of the dynamic cross-talk among microbial metabolites, intestinal epithelial cells, and macrophages. Several studies have reported the significant role of butyrate in host-microbiota communication. However, whether butyrate provides anti-inflammatory profiles in macrophages, thus contributing to UC intestinal mucus barrier protection, has currently remained elusive. In the current study, we found that butyrate increased mucin production and the proportion of mucin-secreting goblet cells in the colon crypt in a macrophage-dependent manner by using clodronate liposomes. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro studies were conducted, validating that butyrate facilitates M2 macrophage polarization with the elevated expressions of CD206 and arginase-1 (Arg1). In macrophages/goblet-like LS174T cells co-culture systems, butyrate-primed M2 macrophages significantly enhanced the expression of mucin-2 (MUC2) and SPDEF (goblet cell marker genes) than butyrate alone, while blockade of WNTs secretion or ERK1/2 activation significantly decreased the beneficial effect of butyrate-primed macrophages on goblet cell function. Additionally, the adoptive transfer of butyrate-induced M2 macrophages facilitated the generation of goblet cells and mucus restoration following dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) insult. Taken together, our results revealed a novel mediator of macrophage-goblet cell cross-talk associated with the regulation of epithelial barrier integrity, implying that the microbial metabolite butyrate may serve as a candidate therapeutic target for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrative Clinical Microecology Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanyan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenghai Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrative Clinical Microecology Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Genghui Mai
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haolin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrative Clinical Microecology Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Abstract
Macrophages are key innate immune cells involved in a broad spectrum of physiological and pathological processes. Macrophage depletion with clodronate-liposomes is commonly used to investigate in vivo functions of macrophages in mice. Here, we describe a protocol that combines the depletion of resident macrophages with the reconstitution of the mice with in vitro differentiated, lentivirus-transduced bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in the context of an experimental sepsis model. This experimental strategy is easily adapted to other experimental designs. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Du et al. (2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tivoli Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Chun Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Corresponding author
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Peng P, Yu H, Xing C, Tao B, Li C, Huang J, Ning G, Zhang B, Feng S. Exosomes-mediated phenotypic switch of macrophages in the immune microenvironment after spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112311. [PMID: 34653754 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although accumulating evidence indicated that modulating macrophage polarization could ameliorate the immune microenvironment and facilitate the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI), the underlying mechanism of macrophage phenotypic switch is still poorly understood. Exosomes (Exos), a potential tool of cell-to-cell communication, may play important roles in cell reprogramming. Herein, we investigated the roles of macrophages-derived exosomes played for macrophage polarization in the SCI immune microenvironment. In this study, we found the fraction of M2 macrophages was markedly decreased after SCI. Moreover, the M2 macrophages-derived exosomes could increase the percentage of M2 macrophages, decrease that of M1 macrophages while the M1 macrophages-derived exosomes acted oppositely. According to the results of in silico analyses and molecular experiments verification, this phenotypic switch might be mediated by the exosomal miRNA-mRNA network, in which the miR-23a-3p/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis might play an important role. In conclusion, our study suggests macrophage polarization that regulated by various interventions might be mediated by their own exosomes at last. Moreover, M2 macrophages-derived exosomes could promote M2 macrophage polarization via the potential miRNA-mRNA network. Considering its potential of modulating polarization, M2 macrophages-derived exosomes may be a promising therapeutic agent for SCI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Peng
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Yu
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Cong Xing
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Tao
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Li
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyuan Huang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangzhi Ning
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Tanner MA, Maitz CA, Grisanti LA. Immune cell β 2-adrenergic receptors contribute to the development of heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H633-H649. [PMID: 34415184 PMCID: PMC8816326 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00243.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
β-Adrenergic receptors (βARs) regulate normal and pathophysiological heart function through their impact on contractility. βARs are also regulators of immune function where they play a unique role depending on the disease condition and immune cell type. Emerging evidence suggests an important role for the β2AR subtype in regulating remodeling in the pathological heart; however, the importance of these responses has never been examined. In heart failure, catecholamines are elevated, leading to chronic βAR activation and contributing to the detrimental effects in the heart. We hypothesized that immune cell β2AR plays a critical role in the development of heart failure in response to chronic catecholamine elevations through their regulation of immune cell infiltration. To test this, chimeric mice were generated by performing bone marrow transplant (BMT) experiments using wild-type (WT) or β2AR knockout (KO) donors. WT and β2ARKO BMT mice were chronically administered the βAR agonist isoproterenol. Immune cell recruitment to the heart was examined by histology and flow cytometry. Numerous changes in immune cell recruitment were observed with isoproterenol administration in WT BMT mice including proinflammatory myeloid populations and lymphocytes with macrophages made up the majority of immune cells in the heart and which were absent in β2ARKO BMT animal. β2ARKO BMT mice had decreased cardiomyocyte death, hypertrophy, and interstitial fibrosis following isoproterenol treatment, culminating in improved function. These findings demonstrate an important role for immune cell β2AR expression in the heart's response to chronically elevated catecholamines.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Immune cell β2-adrenergic receptors (β2ARs) are important for proinflammatory macrophage infiltration to the heart in a chronic isoproterenol administration model of heart failure. Mice lacking immune cell β2AR have decreased immune cell infiltration to their heart, primarily proinflammatory macrophage populations. This decrease culminated to decreased cardiac injury with lessened cardiomyocyte death, decreased interstitial fibrosis and hypertrophy, and improved function demonstrating that β2AR regulation of immune responses plays an important role in the heart's response to persistent βAR stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Tanner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Charles A Maitz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Laurel A Grisanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Junior, Lai YS, Nguyen HT, Salmanida FP, Chang KT. MERTK +/hi M2c Macrophages Induced by Baicalin Alleviate Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10604. [PMID: 34638941 PMCID: PMC8508959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide. An accumulation of fat, followed by inflammation, is the major cause of NAFLD progression. During inflammation, macrophages are the most abundant immune cells recruited to the site of injury. Macrophages are classified into "proinflammatory" M1 macrophages, and "anti-inflammatory" M2 macrophages. In NAFLD, M1 macrophages are the most prominent macrophages that lead to an excessive inflammatory response. Previously, we found that baicalin could polarize macrophages into anti-inflammatory M2c subtype macrophages with an increased level of MERTK expression. Several studies have also shown a strong correlation between MERTK expression and cholesterol efflux, efferocytosis, as well as phagocytosis capability. Therefore, in this study, we aim to elucidate the potential and efficacy of mononuclear-cell (MNC)-derived MERTK+/hi M2c macrophages induced by baicalin as a cell-based therapy for NAFLD treatment. In our results, we have demonstrated that a MERTK+/hi M2c macrophage injection to NAFLD mice contributes to an increased level of serum HDL secretion in the liver, a decline in the circulating CD4+CD25- and CD8+CD25- T cells and lowers the total NAFLD pathological score by lessening the inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis. In the liver, profibrotic COL1A1 and FN, proinflammation TNFα, as well as the regulator of lipid metabolism PPARɣ expression, were also downregulated after injection. In parallel, the transcriptomic profiles of the injected MERTK+/hi M2c macrophages showed that the various genes directly or indirectly involved in NAFLD progression (e.g., SERPINE1, FADS2) were also suppressed. Downregulation of cytokines and inflammation-associated genes, such as CCR5, may promote a pro-resolving milieu in the NAFLD liver. Altogether, cell-based therapy using MERTK+/hi M2c macrophages is promising, as it ameliorates NAFLD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junior
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (J.); (H.T.N.); (F.P.S.)
| | - Yin-Siew Lai
- Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan;
| | - Huyen Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (J.); (H.T.N.); (F.P.S.)
| | - Farrah P. Salmanida
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (J.); (H.T.N.); (F.P.S.)
| | - Ko-Tung Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (J.); (H.T.N.); (F.P.S.)
- Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan;
- Flow Cytometry Center, Precision Instruments Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
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Xing Y, Cheng D, Shi C, Shen Z. The protective role of YTHDF1-knock down macrophages on the immune paralysis of severe sepsis rats with ECMO. Microvasc Res 2021; 137:104178. [PMID: 34015275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the role of YTHDF1 knock-down macrophages on the immunity of severe sepsis rats with ECMO. METHODS 15 SD rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups: mild sepsis (I), severe sepsis with ECMO (II), and YTHDF1 knock-down macrophages treatment groups (III). Blood biochemical indexes, different immune factors and brain changes were detected by RT-PCR, ELISA, ELISPOT and HE staining. Isolated macrophages subtypes and signal proteins were detected by flow cytometry, western blot and m6A RNA methylation test. RESULTS The levels of HMGB1, RAGE, YTHDF1 and IL-17 in peripheral blood were significantly higher (p < 0.01), while the level of CXCL9 and TNF-α, and LPS-specific CD8+CTL function were significantly decreased in group II compared with group I (p < 0.01). The ratio of CD63+ macrophages (p < 0.05) and CD64+ macrophages (p< 0.05) decreased and the level of elastase (p < 0.01) and CCR2highCX3CR1low/CCR2lowCX3CR1high (p < 0.01) of macrophages increased in group II. The above were consistent with the severity of biochemical indicators, the increasing endothelial injury factor (Ang2/Ang1), lower endothelial protective factor (sTie2), severer brain injury in group II. After YTHDF1 knock-down macrophages treatment, the above indexes' changes were opposite when Group III versus Group II through the down-regulation of m6A RNA methylation of JAK2/STAT3 (p < 0.01) and protein expression of PJAK2/PSTAT3 (p < 0.05) in isolated macrophages. CONCLUSIONS YTHDF1 knock-down macrophages improved the immune paralysis of macrophages, Th1/Th17 and CTL and reduced the entry of macrophages into the brain to cause endothelial damage of severe sepsis rats with ECMO through the inhibition of HMGB1/RAGE and YTHDF1, m6A RNA methylation of JAK2/STAT3 and PJAK2/PSTAT3 proteins expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xing
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Henan Provincial People's hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Henan Provincial People's hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Changsong Shi
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Henan Provincial People's hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Henan Provincial People's hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
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Campana L, Esser H, Huch M, Forbes S. Liver regeneration and inflammation: from fundamental science to clinical applications. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:608-624. [PMID: 34079104 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Liver regeneration is a complex process involving the crosstalk of multiple cell types, including hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, endothelial cells and inflammatory cells. The healthy liver is mitotically quiescent, but following toxic damage or resection the cells can rapidly enter the cell cycle to restore liver mass and function. During this process of regeneration, epithelial and non-parenchymal cells respond in a tightly coordinated fashion. Recent studies have described the interaction between inflammatory cells and a number of other cell types in the liver. In particular, macrophages can support biliary regeneration, contribute to fibrosis remodelling by repressing hepatic stellate cell activation and improve liver regeneration by scavenging dead or dying cells in situ. In this Review, we describe the mechanisms of tissue repair following damage, highlighting the close relationship between inflammation and liver regeneration, and discuss how recent findings can help design novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Campana
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hannah Esser
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Meritxell Huch
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stuart Forbes
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Lopes TCM, Almeida GG, Souza IA, Borges DC, de Lima WG, Prazeres PHDM, Birbrair A, Arantes RME, Mosser DM, Goncalves R. High-Density-Immune-Complex Regulatory Macrophages Promote Recovery of Experimental Colitis in Mice. Inflammation 2021; 44:1069-1082. [PMID: 33394188 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01403-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages not only play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but they also play a major role in preserving intestinal homeostasis. In this work, we evaluated the role of macrophages in IBD and investigated whether the functional reprogramming of macrophages to a very specific phenotype could decrease disease pathogenesis. Thus, macrophages were stimulated in the presence of high-density immune complexes which strongly upregulate their production of IL-10 and downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines. The transfer of these high-density-immune-complex regulatory macrophages into mice with colitis was examined as a potential therapy proposal to control the disease. Animals subjected to colitis induction received these high-density-immune-complex regulatory macrophages, and then the Disease Activity Index (DAI), and macroscopic and microscopic lesions were measured. The treated group showed a dramatic improvement in all parameters analyzed, with no difference with the control group. The colon was macroscopically normal in appearance and size, and microscopically colon architecture was preserved. The immunofluorescence migration assay showed that these cells migrated to the inflamed intestine, being able to locally produce the cytokine IL-10, which could explain the dramatic improvement in the clinical and pathological condition of the animals. Thus, our results demonstrate that the polarization of macrophages to a high IL-10 producer profile after stimulation with high-density immune complexes was decisive in controlling experimental colitis, and that macrophages are a potential therapeutic target to be explored in the control of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Cristina Moreira Lopes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Izabela Aparecida Souza
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Diego Costa Borges
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Geraldo de Lima
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Dias Moura Prazeres
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Esteves Arantes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - David M Mosser
- Laboratory of Macrophage and Host Defense - Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ricardo Goncalves
- Departamento de Patologia Geral-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Kosyreva A, Dzhalilova D, Lokhonina A, Vishnyakova P, Fatkhudinov T. The Role of Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:682871. [PMID: 34040616 PMCID: PMC8141811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.682871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are cells that mediate both innate and adaptive immunity reactions, playing a major role in both physiological and pathological processes. Systemic SARS-CoV-2-associated complications include acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, edema, and pneumonia. These are predominantly effects of massive macrophage activation that collectively can be defined as macrophage activation syndrome. In this review we focus on the role of macrophages in COVID-19, as pathogenesis of the new coronavirus infection, especially in cases complicated by ARDS, largely depends on macrophage phenotypes and functionalities. We describe participation of monocytes, monocyte-derived and resident lung macrophages in SARS-CoV-2-associated ARDS and discuss possible utility of cell therapies for its treatment, notably the use of reprogrammed macrophages with stable pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kosyreva
- Department of Neuromorphology, Science Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Dzhuliia Dzhalilova
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Science Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Lokhonina
- Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Growth and Development, Science Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Abstract
Fibrosis progression in the lung commonly results in impaired functional gas exchange, respiratory failure, or even death. In addition to the aberrant activation and differentiation of lung fibroblasts, persistent alveolar injury and incomplete repair are the driving factors of lung fibrotic response. Macrophages are activated and polarized in response to lipopolysaccharide- or bleomycin-induced lung injury. The classically activated macrophage (M1) and alternatively activated macrophage (M2) have been extensively investigated in lung injury, repair, and fibrosis. In the present review, we summarized the current data on monocyte-derived macrophages that are recruited to the lung, as well as alveolar resident macrophages and their polarization, pyroptosis, and phagocytosis in acute lung injury (ALI). Additionally, we described how macrophages interact with lung epithelial cells during lung repair. Finally, we emphasized the role of macrophage polarization in the pulmonary fibrotic response, and elucidated the potential benefits of targeting macrophage in alleviating pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyong Cheng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;
| | - Shuangyan Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300350, China;
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300350, China;
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence:
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12
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Lee SB, Park H, Lee JE, Kim KS, Jeon YH. In Vivo Optical Reporter-Gene-Based Imaging of Macrophage Infiltration of DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176205. [PMID: 32867320 PMCID: PMC7503337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to monitor the macrophage infiltration of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions and to evaluate the effects of anti-AD therapeutic agents in immunocompetent mice via optical reporter-gene-based molecular imaging. The enhanced firefly luciferase (effluc)-expressing macrophage cell line (Raw264.7/effluc) was intravenously introduced into mice with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD, followed by bioluminescent imaging (BLI). After in vivo imaging, AD-like skin lesions were excised, and ex vivo imaging and Western blotting were conducted to determine the presence of infused macrophages. Finally, the therapeutic effect of dexamethasone (DEX), an AD-modulating agent, was evaluated via macrophage tracking. In vivo imaging with BLI revealed the migration of the reporter macrophages to DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions on day 1 post-transfer. The greatest recruitment was observed on day 3, and a decline in BLI signal was observed on day 14. Notably, in vivo BLI clearly showed the inhibition of the reporter macrophage infiltration of DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions by DEX, which was consistent with the reduced AD symptoms observed in DEX-treated mice. We successfully visualized the macrophage migration to DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions, proving the feasibility of macrophage imaging for evaluating AD-regulating drugs in living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Bong Lee
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics (KIMIRo), Gwangju 61011, Korea;
| | - Hyeonsoo Park
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 700-721, Korea; (H.P.); (J.-E.L.); (K.-S.K.)
- Research Center of Stickus Corporation, Haeundae-gu jaesong-dong 1050-21, Busan 48054, Korea
| | - Jae-Eon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 700-721, Korea; (H.P.); (J.-E.L.); (K.-S.K.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Pusan 50463, Korea
| | - Kil-Soo Kim
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 700-721, Korea; (H.P.); (J.-E.L.); (K.-S.K.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-721, Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 700-721, Korea; (H.P.); (J.-E.L.); (K.-S.K.)
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 700-721, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-790-5726
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13
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Dang CP, Leelahavanichkul A. Over-expression of miR-223 induces M2 macrophage through glycolysis alteration and attenuates LPS-induced sepsis mouse model, the cell-based therapy in sepsis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236038. [PMID: 32658933 PMCID: PMC7357756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The attenuation of hyper-inflammation in sepsis with the administration of anti-inflammatory macrophages is an interesting adjuvant therapy for sepsis. Because the induction of anti-inflammatory macrophages by microRNA (miR), a regulator of mRNA, has been mentioned, the exploration on miR-induced anti-inflammatory macrophages was performed. The over-expression of miR-223 and miR-146a in RAW264.7 induced M2 macrophage-polarization (anti-inflammatory macrophages) as evaluated by the enhanced expression of Arginase-1 and Fizz. However, miR-223 over-expressed cells demonstrated the more potent anti-inflammatory property against LPS stimulation as lesser iNOS expression, lower supernatant IL-6 and higher supernatant IL-10 compared with miR-146a over-expressed cells. Interestingly, LPS stimulation in miR-223 over-expressed cells, compared with LPS-stimulated control cells, demonstrated lower activity of glycolysis pathway and higher mitochondrial respiration, as evaluated by the extracellular flux analysis, and also down-regulated HIF-1α, an important enzyme of glycolysis pathway. In addition, the administration of miR-223 over-expressed macrophages with IL-4 pre-conditioning, but not IL-4 stimulated control cells, attenuated sepsis severity in LPS injected mice as evaluated by serum creatinine, liver enzymes, lung histology and serum cytokines. In conclusion, miR-223 interfered with the glycolysis pathway through the down-regulation of HIF-1α, resulting in the anti-inflammatory status. The over-expression of miR-223 in macrophages prevented the conversion into M1 macrophage polarization after LPS stimulation. The administration of miR-223 over-expressed macrophages, with IL-4 preconditioning, attenuated sepsis severity in LPS model. Hence, a proof of concept in the induction of anti-inflammatory macrophages through the cell-energy interference for sepsis treatment was proposed as a basis of cell-based therapy in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Phi Dang
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary and International Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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14
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Hou X, Zhang X, Zhao W, Zeng C, Deng B, McComb DW, Du S, Zhang C, Li W, Dong Y. Vitamin lipid nanoparticles enable adoptive macrophage transfer for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial sepsis. Nat Nanotechnol 2020; 15:41-46. [PMID: 31907443 PMCID: PMC7181370 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-019-0600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis, a condition caused by severe infections, affects more than 30 million people worldwide every year and remains the leading cause of death in hospitals1,2. Moreover, antimicrobial resistance has become an additional challenge in the treatment of sepsis3, and thus, alternative therapeutic approaches are urgently needed2,3. Here, we show that adoptive transfer of macrophages containing antimicrobial peptides linked to cathepsin B in the lysosomes (MACs) can be applied for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria-induced sepsis in mice with immunosuppression. The MACs are constructed by transfection of vitamin C lipid nanoparticles that deliver antimicrobial peptide and cathepsin B (AMP-CatB) mRNA. The vitamin C lipid nanoparticles allow the specific accumulation of AMP-CatB in macrophage lysosomes, which is the key location for bactericidal activities. Our results demonstrate that adoptive MAC transfer leads to the elimination of multidrug-resistant bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, leading to the complete recovery of immunocompromised septic mice. Our work provides an alternative strategy for overcoming multidrug-resistant bacteria-induced sepsis and opens up possibilities for the development of nanoparticle-enabled cell therapy for infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xucheng Hou
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xinfu Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Weiyu Zhao
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chunxi Zeng
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Binbin Deng
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David W McComb
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shi Du
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chengxiang Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Wenqing Li
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yizhou Dong
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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15
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Moroni F, Dwyer BJ, Graham C, Pass C, Bailey L, Ritchie L, Mitchell D, Glover A, Laurie A, Doig S, Hargreaves E, Fraser AR, Turner ML, Campbell JDM, McGowan NWA, Barry J, Moore JK, Hayes PC, Leeming DJ, Nielsen MJ, Musa K, Fallowfield JA, Forbes SJ. Safety profile of autologous macrophage therapy for liver cirrhosis. Nat Med 2019; 25:1560-1565. [PMID: 31591593 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Therapies to reduce liver fibrosis and stimulate organ regeneration are urgently needed. We conducted a first-in-human, phase 1 dose-escalation trial of autologous macrophage therapy in nine adults with cirrhosis and a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score of 10-16 (ISRCTN 10368050). Groups of three participants received a single peripheral infusion of 107, 108 or up to 109 cells. Leukapheresis and macrophage infusion were well tolerated with no transfusion reactions, dose-limiting toxicities or macrophage activation syndrome. All participants were alive and transplant-free at one year, with only one clinical event recorded, the occurrence of minimal ascites. The primary outcomes of safety and feasibility were met. This study informs and provides a rationale for efficacy studies in cirrhosis and other fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Moroni
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Benjamin J Dwyer
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Catriona Graham
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chloe Pass
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laura Bailey
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lisa Ritchie
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Donna Mitchell
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alison Glover
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Audrey Laurie
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stuart Doig
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emily Hargreaves
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alasdair R Fraser
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marc L Turner
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - John D M Campbell
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neil W A McGowan
- Tissues, Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jacqueline Barry
- Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult, 12th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK
| | - Joanna K Moore
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter C Hayes
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Diana J Leeming
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biology and Biomarkers, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mette J Nielsen
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biology and Biomarkers, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kishwar Musa
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biology and Biomarkers, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Stuart J Forbes
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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16
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Podaru MN, Fields L, Kainuma S, Ichihara Y, Hussain M, Ito T, Kobayashi K, Mathur A, D'Acquisto F, Lewis-McDougall F, Suzuki K. Reparative macrophage transplantation for myocardial repair: a refinement of bone marrow mononuclear cell-based therapy. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:34. [PMID: 31372765 PMCID: PMC6675756 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0742-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Reparative macrophages play an important role in cardiac repair post-myocardial infarction (MI). Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) have been investigated as a donor for cell therapy but with limited clinical success. These cells, however, may be utilized as a source for reparative macrophages. This translational study aimed to establish a robust in vitro protocol to produce functional reparative macrophages from BM-MNCs and to establish pre-clinical evidence of the efficacy of reparative macrophage transplantation for the treatment of MI. Mouse BM-MNCs were treated with M-CSF plus IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β1 or combinations of these in vitro. The concomitant administration of M-CSF and IL-4 produced the highest rate and largest number of CD11b+F4/80+CD206+ reparative macrophages. Expression and secretion of tissue repair-related factors including IGF-1, TGF-β1, VEGF and IL1-ra were remarkably enhanced in reparative macrophages compared to BM-MNCs. These cells were transplanted in a mouse MI model, resulting in evident improvement in cardiac function recovery, compared to BM-MNC transplantation. Histological studies showed that reparative macrophage transplantation enhanced myocardial tissue repair including augmented microvascular formation, reduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and attenuated interstitial fibrosis. Moreover, survival of reparative macrophages in the heart post-transplantation was increased compared to BM-MNCs. Reparative macrophage transplantation also increased host-derived reparative macrophages in part through TGF-β secretion. In conclusion, concomitant M-CSF + IL-4 treatment effectively produced reparative macrophages from BM-MNCs in vitro. Transplantation of produced reparative macrophage achieved a superior therapeutic efficacy, compared to BM-MNC transplantation, through the enhanced quantity and quality of donor cell engraftment. Further development of this advanced cell-based therapy is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai-Nicolae Podaru
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Laura Fields
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Satoshi Kainuma
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Yuki Ichihara
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Mohsin Hussain
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tomoya Ito
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kazuya Kobayashi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anthony Mathur
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Fulvio D'Acquisto
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Fiona Lewis-McDougall
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ken Suzuki
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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17
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Liu L, Inouye KE, Allman WR, Coleman AS, Siddiqui S, Hotamisligil GS, Akkoyunlu M. TACI-Deficient Macrophages Protect Mice Against Metaflammation and Obesity-Induced Dysregulation of Glucose Homeostasis. Diabetes 2018; 67:1589-1603. [PMID: 29871859 PMCID: PMC6054430 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) is a receptor for the TNF superfamily cytokines, B cell-activating factor (BAFF), and A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). Here, we demonstrate that TACI-deficient mice subjected to high-fat diet (HFD) are protected from weight gain and dysregulated glucose homeostasis. Resistance to HFD-induced metabolic changes in TACI-deficient mice does not involve TACI-mediated adipogenesis. Instead, accumulation of M2 macrophages (Mϕs), eosinophils, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is implicated in the protection from obesity-induced assaults. In support of this hypothesis, adoptively transferred TACI-deficient peritoneal or adipose tissue Mϕs, but not B cells, can improve glucose metabolism in the obese host. Interestingly, the transferred TACI-deficient Mϕs not only home to host VAT but also trigger the accumulation of host M2 Mϕs and eosinophils in VAT. The increase in host M2 Mϕs in VAT is likely a result of eosinophil recruitment in response to eotaxin-2 produced by TACI-deficient Mϕs. Insulin signaling experiments revealed that IL-10 secreted by TACI-deficient Mϕs is responsible for maintaining adipocyte insulin sensitivity. Thus, the adoptive transfer experiments offer a model where TACI-deficient Mϕs accumulate in VAT and protect against metaflammation and obesity-associated dysregulation of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunhua Liu
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Karen Etsuko Inouye
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Windy Rose Allman
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Adam Steven Coleman
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Shafiuddin Siddiqui
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Gökhan Siddik Hotamisligil
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Mustafa Akkoyunlu
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
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18
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Patel J, Douglas G, Kerr AG, Hale AB, Channon KM. Effect of irradiation and bone marrow transplantation on angiotensin II-induced aortic inflammation in ApoE knockout mice. Atherosclerosis 2018; 276:74-82. [PMID: 30048944 PMCID: PMC6143484 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion promotes the development of aortic aneurysms and accelerates atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. In order to elucidate the role of hematopoietic cells in these pathologies, irradiation and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are commonly utilized. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of irradiation and BMT on abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysm formation and acute leukocyte recruitment in the aortic root and descending aorta, in an experimental mouse model of aortic aneurysm formation. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were either lethally irradiated and reconstituted with ApoE-/- bone marrow or non-irradiated. Following engraftment, mice were treated with Ang II to induce aortic inflammation and accelerate atherosclerosis. RESULTS Ang II infusion (0.8 mg/kg/day) in BMT mice resulted in reduced aortic aneurysms and atherosclerosis with decreased leukocyte infiltration in the aorta compared to non-BMT mice, when receiving the same dose of Ang II. Furthermore, the reduced aortic infiltration in BMT mice was accompanied by increased levels of monocytes in the spleen and bone marrow. A dose of 3 mg/kg/day Ang II was required to achieve a similar incidence of aneurysm formation as achieved with 0.8 mg/kg/day in non-BMT mice. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that BMT can alter inflammatory cell recruitment in experimental mouse models of aortic aneurysm formation and atherosclerosis and suggests that irradiation and BMT have a considerably more complex effect on vascular inflammation, which should be evaluated.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II
- Animals
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/prevention & control
- Aortic Rupture/chemically induced
- Aortic Rupture/genetics
- Aortic Rupture/metabolism
- Aortic Rupture/prevention & control
- Aortitis/chemically induced
- Aortitis/genetics
- Aortitis/metabolism
- Aortitis/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/chemically induced
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Disease Models, Animal
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/radiation effects
- Macrophages/transplantation
- Male
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Monocytes/radiation effects
- Monocytes/transplantation
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Whole-Body Irradiation
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Patel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Gillian Douglas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Alastair G Kerr
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Ashley B Hale
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
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19
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Csóka B, Németh ZH, Szabó I, Davies DL, Varga ZV, Pálóczi J, Falzoni S, Di Virgilio F, Muramatsu R, Yamashita T, Pacher P, Haskó G. Macrophage P2X4 receptors augment bacterial killing and protect against sepsis. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99431. [PMID: 29875325 PMCID: PMC5997389 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The macrophage is a major phagocytic cell type, and its impaired function is a primary cause of immune paralysis, organ injury, and death in sepsis. An incomplete understanding of the endogenous molecules that regulate macrophage bactericidal activity is a major barrier for developing effective therapies for sepsis. Using an in vitro killing assay, we report here that the endogenous purine ATP augments the killing of sepsis-causing bacteria by macrophages through P2X4 receptors (P2X4Rs). Using newly developed transgenic mice expressing a bioluminescent ATP probe on the cell surface, we found that extracellular ATP levels increase during sepsis, indicating that ATP may contribute to bacterial killing in vivo. Studies with P2X4R-deficient mice subjected to sepsis confirm the role of extracellular ATP acting on P2X4Rs in killing bacteria and protecting against organ injury and death. Results with adoptive transfer of macrophages, myeloid-specific P2X4R-deficient mice, and P2rx4 tdTomato reporter mice indicate that macrophages are essential for the antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and organ protective effects of P2X4Rs in sepsis. Pharmacological targeting of P2X4Rs with the allosteric activator ivermectin protects against bacterial dissemination and mortality in sepsis. We propose that P2X4Rs represent a promising target for drug development to control bacterial growth in sepsis and other infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Csóka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zoltán H. Németh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Daryl L. Davies
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zoltán V. Varga
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - János Pálóczi
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Simonetta Falzoni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rieko Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Pál Pacher
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Sendler M, Weiss FU, Golchert J, Homuth G, van den Brandt C, Mahajan UM, Partecke LI, Döring P, Gukovsky I, Gukovskaya AS, Wagh PR, Lerch MM, Mayerle J. Cathepsin B-Mediated Activation of Trypsinogen in Endocytosing Macrophages Increases Severity of Pancreatitis in Mice. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:704-718.e10. [PMID: 29079517 PMCID: PMC6663074 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Acute pancreatitis is characterized by premature intracellular activation of digestive proteases within pancreatic acini and a consecutive systemic inflammatory response. We investigated how these processes interact during severe pancreatitis in mice. METHODS Pancreatitis was induced in C57Bl/6 wild-type (control), cathepsin B (CTSB)-knockout, and cathepsin L-knockout mice by partial pancreatic duct ligation with supramaximal caerulein injection, or by repetitive supramaximal caerulein injections alone. Immune cells that infiltrated the pancreas were characterized by immunofluorescence detection of Ly6g, CD206, and CD68. Macrophages were isolated from bone marrow and incubated with bovine trypsinogen or isolated acinar cells; the macrophages were then transferred into pancreatitis control or cathepsin-knockout mice. Activities of proteases and nuclear factor (NF)-κB were determined using fluorogenic substrates and trypsin activity was blocked by nafamostat. Cytokine levels were measured using a cytometric bead array. We performed immunohistochemical analyses to detect trypsinogen, CD206, and CD68 in human chronic pancreatitis (n = 13) and acute necrotizing pancreatitis (n = 15) specimens. RESULTS Macrophages were the predominant immune cell population that migrated into the pancreas during induction of pancreatitis in control mice. CD68-positive macrophages were found to phagocytose acinar cell components, including zymogen-containing vesicles, in pancreata from mice with pancreatitis, as well as human necrotic pancreatic tissues. Trypsinogen became activated in macrophages cultured with purified trypsinogen or co-cultured with pancreatic acini and in pancreata of mice with pancreatitis; trypsinogen activation required macrophage endocytosis and expression and activity of CTSB, and was sensitive to pH. Activation of trypsinogen in macrophages resulted in translocation of NF-kB and production of inflammatory cytokines; mice without trypsinogen activation (CTSB-knockout mice) in macrophages developed less severe pancreatitis compared with control mice. Transfer of macrophage from control mice to CTSB-knockout mice increased the severity of pancreatitis. Inhibition of trypsin activity in macrophages prevented translocation of NF-κB and production of inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS Studying pancreatitis in mice, we found activation of digestive proteases to occur not only in acinar cells but also in macrophages that infiltrate pancreatic tissue. Activation of the proteases in macrophage occurs during endocytosis of zymogen-containing vesicles, and depends on pH and CTSB. This process involves macrophage activation via NF-κB-translocation, and contributes to systemic inflammation and severity of pancreatitis.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Cathepsin B/deficiency
- Cathepsin B/genetics
- Cathepsin B/metabolism
- Cathepsin L/deficiency
- Cathepsin L/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Ceruletide
- Coculture Techniques
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endocytosis
- Enzyme Activation
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Macrophages/enzymology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Macrophages/transplantation
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/deficiency
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics
- Necrosis
- Pancreas/enzymology
- Pancreas/immunology
- Pancreas/pathology
- Pancreatectomy
- Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/chemically induced
- Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/enzymology
- Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/immunology
- Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/pathology
- Phagocytosis
- Phenotype
- Severity of Illness Index
- Time Factors
- Trypsinogen/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Sendler
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank-Ulrich Weiss
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janine Golchert
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Ujjwal M Mahajan
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars-Ivo Partecke
- Department of Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Paula Döring
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ilya Gukovsky
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, California
| | - Anna S Gukovskaya
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, California
| | - Preshit R Wagh
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julia Mayerle
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
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21
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Campana L, Starkey Lewis PJ, Pellicoro A, Aucott RL, Man J, O'Duibhir E, Mok SE, Ferreira-Gonzalez S, Livingstone E, Greenhalgh SN, Hull KL, Kendall TJ, Vernimmen D, Henderson NC, Boulter L, Gregory CD, Feng Y, Anderton SM, Forbes SJ, Iredale JP. The STAT3-IL-10-IL-6 Pathway Is a Novel Regulator of Macrophage Efferocytosis and Phenotypic Conversion in Sterile Liver Injury. J Immunol 2018; 200:1169-1187. [PMID: 29263216 PMCID: PMC5784823 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The disposal of apoptotic bodies by professional phagocytes is crucial to effective inflammation resolution. Our ability to improve the disposal of apoptotic bodies by professional phagocytes is impaired by a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the engulfment and digestion of the efferocytic cargo. Macrophages are professional phagocytes necessary for liver inflammation, fibrosis, and resolution, switching their phenotype from proinflammatory to restorative. Using sterile liver injury models, we show that the STAT3-IL-10-IL-6 axis is a positive regulator of macrophage efferocytosis, survival, and phenotypic conversion, directly linking debris engulfment to tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Campana
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom;
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J Starkey Lewis
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Pellicoro
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L Aucott
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Man
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Eoghan O'Duibhir
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Mok
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Ferreira-Gonzalez
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Eilidh Livingstone
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen N Greenhalgh
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine L Hull
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Kendall
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
- Division of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas Vernimmen
- Developmental Biology Division, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Boulter
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; and
| | - Christopher D Gregory
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Feng
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Anderton
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart J Forbes
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - John P Iredale
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
- Senate House, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, United Kingdom
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22
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Beckers CML, Simpson KR, Griffin KJ, Brown JM, Cheah LT, Smith KA, Vacher J, Cordell PA, Kearney MT, Grant PJ, Pease RJ. Cre/lox Studies Identify Resident Macrophages as the Major Source of Circulating Coagulation Factor XIII-A. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1494-1502. [PMID: 28596376 PMCID: PMC5526434 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective— To establish the cellular source of plasma factor (F)XIII-A. Approach and Results— A novel mouse floxed for the F13a1 gene, FXIII-Aflox/flox (Flox), was crossed with myeloid- and platelet-cre–expressing mice, and cellular FXIII-A mRNA expression and plasma and platelet FXIII-A levels were measured. The platelet factor 4-cre.Flox cross abolished platelet FXIII-A and reduced plasma FXIII-A to 23±3% (P<0.001). However, the effect of platelet factor 4-cre on plasma FXIII-A was exerted outside of the megakaryocyte lineage because plasma FXIII-A was not reduced in the Mpl−/− mouse, despite marked thrombocytopenia. In support of this, platelet factor 4-cre depleted FXIII-A mRNA in brain, aorta, and heart of floxed mice, where FXIII-Apos cells were identified as macrophages as they costained with CD163. In the integrin αM-cre.Flox and the double copy lysozyme 2-cre.cre.Flox crosses, plasma FXIII-A was reduced to, respectively, 75±5% (P=0.003) and 30±7% (P<0.001), with no change in FXIII-A content per platelet, further consistent with a macrophage origin of plasma FXIII-A. The change in plasma FXIII-A levels across the various mouse genotypes mirrored the change in FXIII-A mRNA expression in aorta. Bone marrow transplantation of FXIII-A+/+ bone marrow into FXIII-A−/− mice both restored plasma FXIII-A to normal levels and replaced aortic and cardiac FXIII-A mRNA, while its transplantation into FXIII-A+/+ mice did not increase plasma FXIII-A levels, suggesting that a limited population of niches exists that support FXIII-A-releasing cells. Conclusions— This work suggests that resident macrophages maintain plasma FXIII-A and exclude the platelet lineage as a major contributor.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/blood
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/blood
- Blood Platelets/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- CD11b Antigen/blood
- CD11b Antigen/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Factor XIII/genetics
- Factor XIII/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Integrases/genetics
- Integrases/metabolism
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/transplantation
- Male
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Phenotype
- Platelet Factor 4/blood
- Platelet Factor 4/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/blood
- Receptors, Thrombopoietin/blood
- Receptors, Thrombopoietin/genetics
- Thrombocytopenia/blood
- Thrombocytopenia/genetics
- fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/blood
- fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Cora M L Beckers
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Kingsley R Simpson
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Kathryn J Griffin
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Jane M Brown
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Lih T Cheah
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Kerrie A Smith
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Jean Vacher
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Paul A Cordell
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Mark T Kearney
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Peter J Grant
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.)
| | - Richard J Pease
- From the Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (C.M.L.B., K.R.S., K.J.G., J.M.B., L.T.C., K.A.S., P.A.C., M.T.K., P.J.G., R.J.P.); and Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, McGill University, Canada (J.V.).
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23
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Riabov V, Salazar F, Htwe SS, Gudima A, Schmuttermaier C, Barthes J, Knopf-Marques H, Klüter H, Ghaemmaghami AM, Vrana NE, Kzhyshkowska J. Generation of anti-inflammatory macrophages for implants and regenerative medicine using self-standing release systems with a phenotype-fixing cytokine cocktail formulation. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:389-398. [PMID: 28159717 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The immediate tissue microenvironment of implanted biomedical devices and engineered tissues is highly influential on their long term fate and efficacy. The creation of a long-term anti-inflammatory microenvironment around implants and artificial tissues can facilitate their integration. Macrophages are highly plastic cells that define the tissue reactions on the implanted material. Local control of macrophage phenotype by long-term fixation of their healing activities and suppression of inflammatory reactions are required to improve implant acceptance. Herein, we describe the development of a cytokine cocktail (M2Ct) that induces stable M2-like macrophage phenotype with significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion profile. The positive effect of the M2Ct was shown in an in vitro wound healing model; where M2Ct facilitated wound closure by human fibroblasts in co-culture conditions. Using a model for induction of inflammation by LPS we have shown that the M2Ct phenotype is stable for 12days. However, in the absence of M2Ct in the medium macrophages underwent rapid pro-inflammatory re-programming upon IFNg stimulation. Therefore, loading and release of the cytokine cocktail from a self-standing, transferable gelatin/tyraminated hyaluronic acid based release system was developed to stabilize macrophage phenotype for in vivo applications in implantation and tissue engineering. The M2Ct cytokine cocktail retained its anti-inflammatory activity in controlled release conditions. Our data indicate that the direct application of a potent M2 inducing cytokine cocktail in a transferable release system can significantly improve the long term functionality of biomedical devices by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and increasing the rate of wound healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Uncontrollable activation of macrophages in the microenvironment of implants and engineered tissues is a significant problem leading to poor integration of implants and artificial tissues. In the current manuscript we demonstrate that self-standing, transferable gelatin/tyraminated hyaluronic acid based thin films are perspective tools for controlled release of anti-inflammatory cytokine combinations and can be used to down-modulate macrophage activation on implant surfaces. We also show that optimized cytokine cocktail consisting of IL4/IL10/TGFβ1 (M2Ct) induces long-term anti-inflammatory and pro-healing phenotype in human primary monocyte-derived macrophages. This cocktail formulation could be loaded on gelatin/tyraminated films and promoted favorable M2-like macrophage phenotype with low responsiveness to pro-inflammatory stimuli. Such self-standing release systems can be used for prolonged local control of macrophage phenotype upon implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Riabov
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Prospekt, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Fabián Salazar
- Division of Immunology, Queen's Medical Centre, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Su Su Htwe
- Division of Immunology, Queen's Medical Centre, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Alexandru Gudima
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christina Schmuttermaier
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julien Barthes
- Protip Medical, 8 Place de l'Hopital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Helena Knopf-Marques
- INSERM UMR 1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 3 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Harald Klüter
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Str. 107, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Amir M Ghaemmaghami
- Division of Immunology, Queen's Medical Centre, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Nihal Engin Vrana
- Protip Medical, 8 Place de l'Hopital, 67000 Strasbourg, France; INSERM UMR 1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Str. 107, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany; Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Prospekt, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
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Zhu D, Yang N, Liu YY, Zheng J, Ji C, Zuo PP. M2 Macrophage Transplantation Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction in Amyloid-β-Treated Rats Through Regulation of Microglial Polarization. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 52:483-95. [PMID: 27003214 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly population. Neuroinflammation induced by amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation is considered to be the critical factor underlying AD pathological mechanisms. Alternatively activated (M2) macrophages/microglia have been reported to have neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative disease. In this study, we characterized the neuroprotective effects of M2 macrophage transplantation in AD model rats and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1 - 42 to rats was used to model AD and resulted in cognitive impairment, neuronal damage, and inflammatory changes in the brain microenvironment. We observed an increased interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 5/IRF4 ratio, resulting in greater production of classically activated (M1) versus M2 microglia. M2 macrophage transplantation attenuated inflammation in the brain, reversed Aβ1 - 42-induced changes in the IRF4-IRF5 ratio, drove endogenous microglial polarization toward the M2 phenotype, and ameliorated cognitive impairment. Nerve growth factor (NGF) treatment reduced the IRF5/IRF4 ratio and induced primary microglial polarization to the M2 phenotype in vitro; these effects were prevented by tyrosine Kinase Receptor A (TrkA) inhibition. M2 macrophage transplantation restored the balance of IRF4-IRF5 by affecting the expression of NGF and inflammatory cytokines in the brains of AD model rats. This drove microglial polarization to the M2 phenotype, promoted termination of neuroinflammation, and resulted in improved cognitive abilities.
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Patel B, Ismahil MA, Hamid T, Bansal SS, Prabhu SD. Mononuclear Phagocytes Are Dispensable for Cardiac Remodeling in Established Pressure-Overload Heart Failure. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170781. [PMID: 28125666 PMCID: PMC5268479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cardiac and splenic mononuclear phagocytes (MPs), i.e., monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), are key contributors to cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction, their role in pressure-overload remodeling is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that these immune cells are required for the progression of remodeling in pressure-overload heart failure (HF), and that MP depletion would ameliorate remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6 mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham operation, and assessed for alterations in MPs. As compared with sham, TAC mice exhibited expansion of circulating LyC6hi monocytes and pro-inflammatory CD206- cardiac macrophages early (1 w) after pressure-overload, prior to significant hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction, with subsequent resolution during chronic HF. In contrast, classical DCs were expanded in the heart in a biphasic manner, with peaks both early, analogous to macrophages, and late (8 w), during established HF. There was no significant expansion of circulating DCs, or Ly6C+ monocytes and DCs in the spleen. Periodic systemic MP depletion from 2 to 16 w after TAC in macrophage Fas-induced apoptosis (MaFIA) transgenic mice did not alter cardiac remodeling progression, nor did splenectomy in mice with established HF after TAC. Lastly, adoptive transfer of splenocytes from TAC HF mice into naïve recipients did not induce immediate or long-term cardiac dysfunction in recipient mice. CONCLUSIONS Mononuclear phagocytes populations expand in a phasic manner in the heart during pressure-overload. However, they are dispensable for the progression of remodeling and failure once significant hypertrophy is evident and blood monocytosis has normalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindiya Patel
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cardiovascular Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Mohamed Ameen Ismahil
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cardiovascular Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Tariq Hamid
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cardiovascular Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Shyam S. Bansal
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cardiovascular Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Sumanth D. Prabhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cardiovascular Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Medical Service, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Suenaga G, Ikeda T, Komohara Y, Takamatsu K, Kakuma T, Tasaki M, Misumi Y, Ueda M, Ito T, Senju S, Ando Y. Involvement of Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy and Efficacy of Human iPS Cell-Derived Macrophages in Its Treatment. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163944. [PMID: 27695122 PMCID: PMC5047455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that tissue-resident macrophages in familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) patients will exhibit qualitative or quantitative abnormalities, that may accelerate transthyretin (TTR)-derived amyloid deposition. To evaluate this, we examined the number and subset of tissue-resident macrophages in heart tissue from amyloid-deposited FAP and control patients. In both FAP and control patients, tissue-resident macrophages in heart tissue were all Iba+/CD163+/CD206+ macrophages. However, the number of macrophages was significantly decreased in FAP patients compared with control patients. Furthermore, the proportion of intracellular TTR in CD14+ monocytes was reduced in peripheral blood compared with healthy donors. Based on these results, we next examined degradation and endocytosis of TTR in human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived myeloid lineage cells (MLs), which function like macrophages. iPS-MLs express CD163 and CD206, and belong to the inhibitory macrophage category. In addition, iPS-MLs degrade both native and aggregated TTR in a cell-dependent manner in vitro. Further, iPS-MLs endocytose aggregated, and especially polymerized, TTR. These results suggest that decreased tissue-localized macrophages disrupt clearance of TTR-derived amyloid deposits, leading to progression of a pathological condition in FAP patients. To improve this situation, clinical application of pluripotent stem cell-derived MLs may be useful as an approach for FAP therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Amyloid/metabolism
- Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial/etiology
- Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial/metabolism
- Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial/pathology
- Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial/therapy
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Biomarkers
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival
- Female
- Humans
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Macrophages/cytology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/transplantation
- Male
- Mannose Receptor
- Mannose-Binding Lectins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Phenotype
- Prealbumin/metabolism
- Protein Aggregation, Pathological
- Proteolysis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Suenaga
- Department of Neurology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tokunori Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Clinical Research Support Center, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (TI); (YA)
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koutaro Takamatsu
- Department of Neurology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Kakuma
- Department of Biostatistics Center, Kurume University, School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tasaki
- Department of Neurology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Misumi
- Department of Neurology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Senju
- Department of Immunogenetics, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- Department of Neurology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (TI); (YA)
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27
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Zhu Z, Ding J, Ma Z, Iwashina T, Tredget EE. Systemic depletion of macrophages in the subacute phase of wound healing reduces hypertrophic scar formation. Wound Repair Regen 2016; 24:644-56. [PMID: 27169512 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars are caused by trauma or burn injuries to the deep dermis and can cause cosmetic disfigurement and psychological issues. Studies suggest that M2-like macrophages are pro-fibrotic and contribute to hypertrophic scar formation. A previous study from our lab showed that M2 macrophages were present in developing hypertrophic scar tissues in vivo at 3-4 weeks after wounding. In this study, the effect of systemic macrophage depletion on scar formation was explored at subacute phase of wound healing. Thirty-six athymic nude mice that received human skin transplants were randomly divided into macrophage depletion group and control group. The former received intraperitoneal injections of clodronate liposomes while the controls received sterile saline injections on day 7, 10, and 13 postgrafting. Wound area, scar thickness, collagen abundance and collagen bundle structure, mast cell infiltration, myofibroblast formation, M1, and M2 macrophages together with gene expression of M1 and M2 related factors in the grafted skin were investigated at 2, 4, and 8 weeks postgrafting. The transplanted human skin from the control group developed contracted, elevated, and thickened scars while the grafted skin from the depletion group healed with significant less contraction and elevation. Significant reductions in myofibroblast number, collagen synthesis, and hypertrophic fiber morphology as well as mast cell infiltration were observed in the depletion group compared to the control group. Macrophage depletion significantly reduced M1 and M2 macrophage number in the depletion group 2 weeks postgrafting as compared to the control group. These findings suggest that systemic macrophage depletion in subacute phase of wound healing reduces scar formation, which provides evidence for the pro-fibrotic role of macrophages in fibrosis of human skin as well as insight into the potential benefits of specifically depleting M2 macrophages in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensen Zhu
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Department of Burn and Reconstructive Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
| | - Zengshuan Ma
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
| | - Takashi Iwashina
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
| | - Edward E Tredget
- Wound Healing Research Group, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Selt M, Tennstaedt A, Beyrau A, Nelles M, Schneider G, Löwik C, Hoehn M. In Vivo Non-Invasive Tracking of Macrophage Recruitment to Experimental Stroke. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156626. [PMID: 27341631 PMCID: PMC4920382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages are one of the key players in the local immune response after stroke. It is now widely accepted that the inflammatory response is not an exclusively destructive process. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms needed for proper regulation still remain to be elucidated. Here, we propose an in vitro labelling strategy for multimodal in vivo observation of macrophage dynamics distinguished from brain-residing microglia response. Prior to intracerebral transplantation into the striatum of recipient mice or systemic administration, monocytes and macrophages, isolated from luciferase-expressing mice, were labelled with superparamagnetic iron oxide particles. Temporo-spatial localization was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging, whereas survival of grafted cells was investigated using bioluminescence imaging. The labelling procedure of the isolated cells did not significantly influence cell characteristics and resulted in detection of as few as 500 labelled cells in vivo. Two weeks after stereotactic transplantation, the luciferase signal was sustained traceable, with approximately 18% of the original luciferase signal detectable for monocytes and about 30% for macrophages. Hypointensity in MRI of the graft appeared unaltered in spatial location. In a therapeutically relevant approach, systemic cell administration after stroke resulted in accumulation mostly in thoracic regions, as could be visualized with BLI. For detection of homing to ischemic brain tissue more cells need to be administered. Nevertheless, during parallel MRI sessions recruitment of i.v. injected cells to the lesion site could be detected by day 2 post stroke as scattered hypointense signal voids. With further increase in sensitivity, our multi-facetted labelling strategy will provide the basis for in vivo tracking and fate specification of tissue-infiltrating macrophages and their distinct role in stroke-related neuro-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Selt
- In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annette Tennstaedt
- In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Beyrau
- In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Nelles
- In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schneider
- In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clemens Löwik
- Dept. of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mathias Hoehn
- In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Dept. of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Percuros B.V., Enschede, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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29
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Guillaume-Jugnot P, Daumas A, Magalon J, Sautereau N, Veran J, Magalon G, Sabatier F, Granel B. State of the art. Autologous fat graft and adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction injection for hand therapy in systemic sclerosis patients. Curr Res Transl Med 2016; 64:35-42. [PMID: 27140597 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by sclerosis (hardening) of the skin and deep viscera associated with microvascular functional and structural alteration, which leads to chronic ischemia. In the hands of patients, ischemic and fibrotic damages lead to both pain and functional impairment. Hand disability creates a large burden in professional and daily activities, with social and psychological consequences. Currently, the proposed therapeutic options for hands rely mainly on hygienic measures, vasodilatator drugs and physiotherapy, but have many constraints and limited effects. Developing an innovative therapeutic approach is crucial to reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life. The discovery of adult stem cells from adipose tissue has increased the interest to use adipose tissue in plastic and regenerative surgery. Prepared as freshly isolated cells for immediate autologous transplantation, adipose tissue-derived stem cell therapy has emerged as a therapeutic alternative for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissues. We aim to update literature in the interest of autologous fat graft or adipose derived from stromal vascular fraction cell-based therapy for the hands of patients who suffer from systemic sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Guillaume-Jugnot
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital Nord, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13915 Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - A Daumas
- Service de médecine interne, gériatrie et thérapeutique, hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - J Magalon
- Laboratoire de culture et thérapie cellulaire, Inserm CBT-1409, hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - N Sautereau
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital Nord, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13915 Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - J Veran
- Laboratoire de culture et thérapie cellulaire, Inserm CBT-1409, hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - G Magalon
- Service de chirurgie plastique et réparatrice, hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - F Sabatier
- Laboratoire de culture et thérapie cellulaire, Inserm CBT-1409, hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France; Inserm UMR 1076 Vascular Research Centre of Marseille, Aix-Marseille université, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - B Granel
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital Nord, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13915 Marseille cedex 05, France; Inserm UMR 1076 Vascular Research Centre of Marseille, Aix-Marseille université, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France.
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30
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Papadakis KA, Krempski J, Svingen P, Xiong Y, Sarmento OF, Lomberk GA, Urrutia RA, Faubion WA. Krüppel-like factor KLF10 deficiency predisposes to colitis through colonic macrophage dysregulation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 309:G900-9. [PMID: 26472224 PMCID: PMC4669350 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00309.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor (KLF)-10 is an important transcriptional regulator of TGF-β1 signaling in both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T lymphocytes. In the present study, we demonstrate a novel role for KLF10 in the regulation of TGFβRII expression with functional relevance in macrophage differentiation and activation. We first show that transfer of KLF10(-/-) bone marrow-derived macrophages into wild-type (WT) mice leads to exacerbation of experimental colitis. At the cell biological level, using two phenotypic strategies, we show that KLF10-deficient mice have an altered colonic macrophage phenotype with higher frequency of proinflammatory LyC6(+)MHCII(+) cells and a reciprocal decrease of the anti-inflammatory LyC6(-)MHCII(+) subset. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory CD11b(+)CX3CR1(hi) subset of colonic macrophages is significantly decreased in KLF10(-/-) compared with WT mice under inflammatory conditions. Molecularly, CD11b(+) colonic macrophages from KLF10(-/-) mice exhibit a proinflammatory cytokine profile with increased production of TNF-α and lower production of IL-10 in response to LPS stimulation. Because KLF10 is a transcription factor, we explored how this protein may regulate macrophage function. Consequently, we analyzed the expression of TGFβRII expression in colonic macrophages and found that, in the absence of KLF10, macrophages express lower levels of TGFβRII and display an attenuated Smad-2 phosphorylation following TGF-β1 stimulation. We further show that KLF10 directly binds to the TGFβRII promoter in macrophages, leading to enhanced gene expression through histone H3 acetylation. Collectively, our data reveal a critical role for KLF10 in the epigenetic regulation of TGFβRII expression in macrophages and the acquisition of a "regulatory" phenotype that contributes to intestinal mucosal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Krempski
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Phyllis Svingen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Yuning Xiong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Olga F Sarmento
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Gwen A Lomberk
- Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics Laboratory, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Epigenetic Translational Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Raul A Urrutia
- Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics Laboratory, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Epigenetic Translational Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - William A Faubion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
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31
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Li F, Yang Y, Zhu X, Huang L, Xu J. Macrophage Polarization Modulates Development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Cell Physiol Biochem 2015; 37:1279-88. [PMID: 26431544 DOI: 10.1159/000430251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Macrophages have recently been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS Here, we used an activated lymphocyte-derived DNA (ALD-DNA) method to induce SLE in mice. We used a macrophage-specific eliminator clodronate to selectively deplete macrophages in mice. We isolated macrophages from bone marrow of the mice and used cytokines to differentiate M1 and M2 macrophages, respectively. Adoptive transplantation of M1 or M2 macrophages was performed in clodronate-treated mice. The effects on SLE were evaluated by serum anti-dsDNA autoantibody, by renal pathological changes, and by urine protein levels. RESULTS ALD-DNA induced SLE-like features in mice, manifested by induction of serum anti-dsDNA autoantibody, by renal pathological changes, and by increases in urine protein levels. Clodronate significantly decreased macrophages in mice, which significantly increased SLE severity. Adoptive transplantation of M2, but not M1 macrophages significantly reduced SLE severity in clodronate- and ALD-DNA-treated mice. CONCLUSION M1 and M2 macrophages play different roles in development of SLE. M1 macrophages increase the severity of SLE, while M2 macrophages reduce it. Modulation of macrophage polarity may be an attractive therapy for SLE.
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33
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Ortega RA, Barham WJ, Kumar B, Tikhomirov O, McFadden ID, Yull FE, Giorgio TD. Biocompatible mannosylated endosomal-escape nanoparticles enhance selective delivery of short nucleotide sequences to tumor associated macrophages. Nanoscale 2015; 7:500-510. [PMID: 25408159 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03962a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) can modify the tumor microenvironment to create a pro-tumor niche. Manipulation of the TAM phenotype is a novel, potential therapeutic approach to engage anti-cancer immunity. siRNA is a molecular tool for knockdown of specific mRNAs that is tunable in both strength and duration. The use of siRNA to reprogram TAMs to adopt an immunogenic, anti-tumor phenotype is an attractive alternative to ablation of this cell population. One current difficulty with this approach is that TAMs are difficult to specifically target and transfect. We report here successful utilization of novel mannosylated polymer nanoparticles (MnNP) that are capable of escaping the endosomal compartment to deliver siRNA to TAMs in vitro and in vivo. Transfection with MnNP-siRNA complexes did not significantly decrease TAM cell membrane integrity in culture, nor did it create adverse kidney or liver function in mice, even at repeated doses of 5 mg kg(-1). Furthermore, MnNP effectively delivers labeled nucleotides to TAMs in mice with primary mammary tumors. We also confirmed TAM targeting in the solid tumors disseminated throughout the peritoneum of ovarian tumor bearing mice following injection of fluorescently labeled MnNP-nucleotide complexes into the peritoneum. Finally, we show enhanced uptake of MnNP in lung metastasis associated macrophages compared to untargeted particles when using an intubation delivery method. In summary, we have shown that MnNP specifically and effectively deliver siRNA to TAMs in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biocompatible Materials/chemistry
- Biocompatible Materials/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival
- Coculture Techniques
- Drug Carriers/chemistry
- Endosomes/metabolism
- Female
- Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/secondary
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Macrophages/cytology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/transplantation
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/secondary
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/therapy
- Mannose/chemistry
- Mannose/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Nanoparticles/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Polymers/chemistry
- RNA, Small Interfering/chemistry
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/therapeutic use
- Transplantation, Homologous
- Tumor Microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Ortega
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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Li B, Yue Y, Dong C, Shi Y, Xiong S. Blockade of macrophage autophagy ameliorates activated lymphocytes-derived DNA induced murine lupus possibly via inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2014; 32:705-714. [PMID: 25151985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a typical inflammatory autoimmune disease for its unknown pathogenesis and potential fatality. It has been reported that autophagy has a crosstalk with autoimmunity, but its impact on the pathogenesis of SLE remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of autophagy in inflammatory response of macrophages under SLE conditions. METHODS First, we detected the expression of autophagy-related genes (Atg5, Atg12 and Beclin 1) in the macrophages derived from activated lymphocytes-derived DNA (ALD-DNA) induced murine lupus as well as in the PBMC from SLE patients. And then through adoptive transfer of Beclin 1 knockdown macrophages, we further investigated the potential effect of macrophage autophagy on the SLE-associated inflammatory response and disease severity by evaluating serum anti-dsDNA antibodies and proteinuria levels, immune complex deposition as well as renal pathological changes. RESULTS We found that autophagy related genes were significantly upregulated in the splenic and renal macrophages of lupus mice and in the PBMC of SLE patients. Adoptive transfer of Beclin 1 knockdown macrophages could significantly decrease the anti-dsDNA antibodies and proteinuria levels, robustly reduce renal immune complex deposition and remit glomerulonephritis, indicating the amelioration of murine lupus. This protective effect was associated with the obviously decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that aberrant activated autophagy in macrophages contributed to the pathogenesis of murine lupus possibly via promoting the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, and inhibition of autophagy might represent a novel regulation strategy for excessive activation of proinflammatory macrophages and a new therapeutic regime for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihui Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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35
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Tzoumas S, Zaremba A, Klemm U, Nunes A, Schaefer K, Ntziachristos V. Immune cell imaging using multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography. Opt Lett 2014; 39:3523-3526. [PMID: 24978527 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.003523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) offers the potential to image in high-resolution cells tagged with optical labels. In contrast to single wavelength imaging, multispectral excitation and spectral unmixing can differentiate labeled moieties over tissue absorption in the absence of background measurements. This feature can enable longitudinal cellular biology studies well beyond the depths reached by optical microscopy. However, the relation between spectrally resolved fluorescently labeled cells and optoacoustic detection has not been systematically investigated. Herein, we measured titrations of fluorescently labeled cells and establish the optoacoustic signal generated by these cells as a function of cell number and across different cell types. We then assess the MSOT sensitivity to resolve cells implanted in animals.
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Jupelli M, Shimada K, Chiba N, Slepenkin A, Alsabeh R, Jones HD, Peterson E, Chen S, Arditi M, Crother TR. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in mice induces chronic lung inflammation, iBALT formation, and fibrosis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77447. [PMID: 24204830 PMCID: PMC3808399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) lung infection can induce chronic lung inflammation and is associated with not only acute asthma but also COPD exacerbations. However, in mouse models of CP infection, most studies have investigated specifically the acute phase of the infection and not the longer-term chronic changes in the lungs. We infected C57BL/6 mice with 5×105 CP intratracheally and monitored inflammation, cellular infiltrates and cytokine levels over time to investigate the chronic inflammatory lung changes. While bacteria numbers declined by day 28, macrophage numbers remained high through day 35. Immune cell clusters were detected as early as day 14 and persisted through day 35, and stained positive for B, T, and follicular dendritic cells, indicating these clusters were inducible bronchus associated lymphoid tissues (iBALTs). Classically activated inflammatory M1 macrophages were the predominant subtype early on while alternatively activated M2 macrophages increased later during infection. Adoptive transfer of M1 but not M2 macrophages intratracheally 1 week after infection resulted in greater lung inflammation, severe fibrosis, and increased numbers of iBALTS 35 days after infection. In summary, we show that CP lung infection in mice induces chronic inflammatory changes including iBALT formations as well as fibrosis. These observations suggest that the M1 macrophages, which are part of the normal response to clear acute C. pneumoniae lung infection, result in an enhanced acute response when present in excess numbers, with greater inflammation, tissue injury, and severe fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhulika Jupelli
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kenichi Shimada
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Norika Chiba
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anatoly Slepenkin
- Department of Pathology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Randa Alsabeh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Heather D. Jones
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ellena Peterson
- Department of Pathology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Shuang Chen
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Moshe Arditi
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Timothy R. Crother
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Gu XY, Shen SE, Huang CF, Liu YN, Chen YC, Luo L, Zeng Y, Wang AP. Effect of activated autologous monocytes/macrophages on wound healing in a rodent model of experimental diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013; 102:53-9. [PMID: 24011427 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of activated autologous monocytes/macrophages (Mo/Mp) on wound healing in diabetic rats. METHODS Sixty male SD rats were equally divided into the following: control group (normal, nondiabetic), PBS-treated diabetic group, and tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNF-α) plus interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-stimulated or unstimulated Mo/Mp-treated diabetic group. Full-thickness round wounds (1cm×1cm) were created in the right hind foot of rats and the wounds were treated with PBS or Mo/Mp on day 1 after injury. In the following 14 days, the percentage of wound contraction was measured, histologic examination was performed with hematoxylin and eosin staining, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the wound was evaluated by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Diabetic rats exhibited impaired wound healing with delayed angiogenesis and VEGF expression. The early application of TNF-α plus IFN-γ-stimulated autologous Mo/Mp to diabetic wounds significantly improved the delayed wound healing through the stimulation of angiogenesis and re-epithelization, as well as restoring the defect in VEGF expression. CONCLUSIONS Mo/Mp activated by TNF-α and IFN-γ promotes diabetic wound healing and normalizes the defect in VEGF regulation associated with diabetes-induced skin-repair disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-yan Gu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The 454th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Nanjing 210002, China
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Akela A, Nandi SK, Das P, Banerjee D, Roy S, Datta U. Autologous bone marrow-derived cells with placental extract for healing excisional cutaneous wounds in animal model. Int Wound J 2013; 10:167-76. [PMID: 22494419 PMCID: PMC7950527 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-481x.2012.00964.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical wound-healing potential of autologous bone marrow-derived nucleated cells along with placental extract was evaluated in comparison with buffy coat of autologous blood on full-thickness cutaneous wounds in the thoracolumbar region of 15 clinically healthy New Zealand rabbits. Three wounds of 2 × 2 cm, one on the right side of the body and two on the left side of the midline were created on the dorsal lumbar region of each rabbit under xylazine-ketamine anaesthesia. The wounds of each animal were randomly assigned to one of the three treatments: topical application of autologous bone marrow-derived cells with placental extract (group I), application of buffy coat in the autologous plasma with placental extract (group II) and autologous plasma with placental extract as control (group III). Wounds were observed for 30 days macroscopically and for granulation tissue formation, histomorphological and histochemical evaluation. Time of appearance of granulation tissues and filling of wound beds were faster in group I followed by group II and group III animals, respectively. Histomorphological findings exhibited an earlier disappearance of inflammatory reaction, better epithelialisation, significantly maximum neovascularisation, fibroplasias and collagenation in group I followed by group II and group III animals, respectively. Histochemical findings also depicted maximum number of robust, thick, interwoven type of collagen fibres, stout, highly tortuous and interwoven network of elastin fibres and numerous mesh war form of reticulin fibres within the dermal component were present in group I when compared with group II and III animals. Experiment conclude that single application of autologous bone marrow-nucleated cells with placental extract topically could be a novel option for faster healing in complicated non healing wounds both in human beings and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Akela
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
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Juranek JK, Geddis MS, Song F, Zhang J, Garcia J, Rosario R, Yan SF, Brannagan TH, Schmidt AM. RAGE deficiency improves postinjury sciatic nerve regeneration in type 1 diabetic mice. Diabetes 2013; 62:931-43. [PMID: 23172920 PMCID: PMC3581233 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy and insensate limbs and digits cause significant morbidity in diabetic individuals. Previous studies showed that deletion of the receptor for advanced end-glycation products (RAGE) in mice was protective in long-term diabetic neuropathy. Here, we tested the hypothesis that RAGE suppresses effective axonal regeneration in superimposed acute peripheral nerve injury attributable to tissue-damaging inflammatory responses. We report that deletion of RAGE, particularly in diabetic mice, resulted in significantly higher myelinated fiber densities and conduction velocities consequent to acute sciatic nerve crush compared with wild-type control animals. Consistent with key roles for RAGE-dependent inflammation, reconstitution of diabetic wild-type mice with RAGE-null versus wild-type bone marrow resulted in significantly improved axonal regeneration and restoration of function. Diabetic RAGE-null mice displayed higher numbers of invading macrophages in the nerve segments postcrush compared with wild-type animals, and these macrophages in diabetic RAGE-null mice displayed greater M2 polarization. In vitro, treatment of wild-type bone marrow-derived macrophages with advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which accumulate in diabetic nerve tissue, increased M1 and decreased M2 gene expression in a RAGE-dependent manner. Blockade of RAGE may be beneficial in the acute complications of diabetic neuropathy, at least in part, via upregulation of regeneration signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judyta K. Juranek
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
- Corresponding author: Ann Marie Schmidt, , or Judyta Juranek,
| | - Matthew S. Geddis
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Science, Borough of Manhattan Community College–City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Fei Song
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jose Garcia
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Rosa Rosario
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Shi Fang Yan
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Thomas H. Brannagan
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
- Corresponding author: Ann Marie Schmidt, , or Judyta Juranek,
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Riou A, Chauveau F, Cho TH, Marinescu M, Nataf S, Nighoghossian N, Berthezène Y, Wiart M. MRI assessment of the intra-carotid route for macrophage delivery after transient cerebral ischemia. NMR Biomed 2013; 26:115-123. [PMID: 22730167 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The broad aim underlying the present research was to investigate the distribution and homing of bone marrow-derived macrophages in a rodent model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion using MRI and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) to magnetically label bone marrow-derived macrophages. The specific aim was to assess the intra-carotid infusion route for bone marrow-derived macrophage delivery at reperfusion. Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats sustained 1 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion. USPIO-labeled bone marrow-derived macrophages were slowly injected for 5 min immediately after reperfusion in ischemic animals (n=7), 1 h after the end of surgery in sham animals (n=5) and very shortly after anesthesia in healthy animals (n=3). Multiparametric MRI was performed at day 0, just after cell administration, and repeated at day 1. Immunohistological analysis included Prussian blue for iron detection and rat endothelial cell antigen-1 for endothelium visualization. Intra-carotid cell delivery brought a large number of cells to the ipsilateral hemisphere of the brain, as seen on both MRI and immunohistology. However, it was associated with high mortality (50%). The study of sham animals demonstrated that intra-carotid cell delivery could induce ischemic lesions and may thus favor additional brain damage. The present study highlights severe drawbacks to the intra-carotid delivery of macrophages at the time of reperfusion in this rodent model of transient cerebral ischemia. Multiparametric MRI appears to be a method of choice to monitor longitudinally the effects of cell infusion, allowing the assessment of both cell fate with the help of magnetic labeling and of potential tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Riou
- Université de Lyon, Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5220, INSERM U1044, INSA de Lyon, Creatis, Bron, France
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Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a CD4 T cell-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) where macrophages are the end-stage effector cell. EAE serves as a model for multiple sclerosis where it has been instructive in delineating the autoimmune cellular response in the CNS for the purpose of developing more effective therapies. Understanding the nature of how cytokine and chemokine networks regulate the migration of leukocytes to the CNS requires the ability to track subpopulations of those cells in vivo. We describe a flow cytometric technique to monitor the migration of macrophages during EAE development.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Cell Separation/methods
- Cell Tracking/methods
- Chemokines/metabolism
- Chemotaxis
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Flow Cytometry
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/transplantation
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism
- Receptors, Chemokine/deficiency
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Karpus
- Department of Pathology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Center for Genetic Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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42
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Yang TD, Choi W, Yoon TH, Lee KJ, Lee JS, Han SH, Lee MG, Yim HS, Choi KM, Park MW, Jung KY, Baek SK. Real-time phase-contrast imaging of photothermal treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: an in vitro study of macrophages as a vector for the delivery of gold nanoshells. J Biomed Opt 2012; 17:128003. [PMID: 23235837 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.12.128003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal treatment (PTT) using nanoparticles has gained attention as a promising alternative therapy for malignant tumors. One strategy for increasing the selectivity of PTT is the use of macrophages as a cellular vector for delivering nanoparticles. The aim of the present study is to examine the use of macrophages as a cellular vector for efficient PTT and determine the appropriate irradiation power and time of a near-infrared (NIR) laser using real-time phase-contrast imaging. Thermally induced injury and death of cancer cells were found to begin at 44°C to 45°C, which was achieved using the PTT effect with gold nanoshells (NS) and irradiation with a NIR laser at a power of 2 W for 5 min. The peritoneal macrophage efficiently functioned as a cellular vector for the NS, and the cancer cells surrounding the NS-loaded macrophages selectively lost their cellular viability after being irradiated with the NIR laser.
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Abstract
Macrophages are multifunctional immune cells that may either drive or modulate disease pathogenesis depending on their activation phenotype. Autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic proinflammatory condition characterized by unresolved destruction of pancreatic islets. Adoptive cell transfer of macrophages with immunosuppressive properties represents a novel immunotherapy for treatment of such chronic autoimmune diseases. We used a panel of cytokines and other stimuli to discern the most effective regimen for in vitro induction of immunosuppressive macrophages (M2r) and determined interleukin (IL)-4/IL-10/transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) to be optimal. M2r cells expressed programmed cell death 1 ligand-2, fragment crystallizable region γ receptor IIb, IL-10, and TGF-β, had a potent deactivating effect on proinflammatory lipopolysaccharide/interferon-γ-stimulated macrophages, and significantly suppressed T-cell proliferation. Clinical therapeutic efficacy was assessed after adoptive transfer in NOD T1D mice, and after a single transfer of M2r macrophages, >80% of treated NOD mice were protected against T1D for at least 3 months, even when transfer was conducted just prior to clinical onset. Fluorescent imaging analyses revealed that adoptively transferred M2r macrophages specifically homed to the inflamed pancreas, promoting β-cell survival. We suggest that M2r macrophage therapy represents a novel intervention that stops ongoing autoimmune T1D and may have relevance in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roham Parsa
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Andresen
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alan Gillett
- Neuroimmunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sohel Mia
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xing-Mei Zhang
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sofia Mayans
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dan Holmberg
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Robert A. Harris
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Corresponding author: Robert A. Harris,
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Ford AQ, Dasgupta P, Mikhailenko I, Smith EMP, Noben-Trauth N, Keegan AD. Adoptive transfer of IL-4Rα+ macrophages is sufficient to enhance eosinophilic inflammation in a mouse model of allergic lung inflammation. BMC Immunol 2012; 13:6. [PMID: 22292924 PMCID: PMC3283450 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-13-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The IL-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα) chain has a broad expression pattern and participates in IL-4 and IL-13 signaling, allowing it to influence several pathological components of allergic lung inflammation. We previously reported that IL-4Rα expression on both bone marrow-derived and non-bone marrow-derived cells contributed to the severity of allergic lung inflammation. There was a correlation between the number of macrophages expressing the IL-4Rα, CD11b, and IA(d), and the degree of eosinophilia in ovalbumin challenged mice. The engagement of the IL-4Rα by IL-4 or IL-13 is able to stimulate the alternative activation of macrophages (AAM). The presence of AAM has been correlated with inflammatory responses to parasites and allergens. Therefore, we hypothesized that IL-4Rα⁺ AAM play an active role in allergic lung inflammation. To directly determine the role of AAM in allergic lung inflammation, M-CSF-dependent macrophages (BMM) were prepared from the bone-marrow of IL-4Rα positive and negative mice and transferred to IL-4RαxRAG2(-/-) mice. Wild type TH2 cells were provided exogenously. RESULTS Mice receiving IL-4Rα(+/+) BMM showed a marked increase in the recruitment of eosinophils to the lung after challenge with ovalbumin as compared to mice receiving IL-4Rα(-/-) BMM. As expected, the eosinophilic inflammation was dependent on the presence of TH2 cells. Furthermore, we observed an increase in cells expressing F4/80 and Mac3, and the AAM marker YM1/2 in the lungs of mice receiving IL-4Rα(+/+) BMM. The BAL fluid from these mice contained elevated levels of eotaxin-1, RANTES, and CCL2. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that transfer of IL-4Rα + macrophages is sufficient to enhance TH2-driven, allergic inflammation. They further show that stimulation of macrophages through IL-4Rα leads to their alternative activation and positive contribution to the TH2-driven allergic inflammatory response in the lung. Since an increase in AAM and their products has been observed in patients with asthma exacerbations, these results suggest that AAM may be targeted to alleviate exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Q Ford
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 800 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore MD 21201, USA
| | - Preeta Dasgupta
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 800 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore MD 21201, USA
| | - Irina Mikhailenko
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 800 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore MD 21201, USA
| | - Elizabeth MP Smith
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 800 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore MD 21201, USA
| | - Nancy Noben-Trauth
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland College Park, Rockville MD 20892, USA
| | - Achsah D Keegan
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 800 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center and Dept of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore MD 21201, USA
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Liu T, Wang Y, Wen C, Zhang S, Zhang C. Stem cells or macrophages: which contribute to bone marrow cell therapy for liver cirrhosis? Hepatology 2011; 54:1103; author reply 1104. [PMID: 21607998 DOI: 10.1002/hep.24431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Thomas JA, Pope C, Wojtacha D, Robson AJ, Gordon-Walker TT, Hartland S, Ramachandran P, Van Deemter M, Hume DA, Iredale JP, Forbes SJ. Macrophage therapy for murine liver fibrosis recruits host effector cells improving fibrosis, regeneration, and function. Hepatology 2011; 53:2003-15. [PMID: 21433043 DOI: 10.1002/hep.24315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Clinical studies of bone marrow (BM) cell therapy for liver cirrhosis are under way but the mechanisms of benefit remain undefined. Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage have key roles in the development and resolution of liver fibrosis. Therefore, we tested the therapeutic effects of these cells on murine liver fibrosis. Advanced liver fibrosis was induced in female mice by chronic administration of carbon tetrachloride. Unmanipulated, syngeneic macrophages, their specific BM precursors, or unfractionated BM cells were delivered during liver injury. Mediators of inflammation, fibrosis, and regeneration were measured. Donor cells were tracked by sex-mismatch and green fluorescent protein expression. BM-derived macrophage (BMM) delivery resulted in early chemokine up-regulation with hepatic recruitment of endogenous macrophages and neutrophils. These cells delivered matrix metalloproteinases-13 and -9, respectively, into the hepatic scar. The effector cell infiltrate was accompanied by increased levels of the antiinflammatory cytokine interleukin 10. A reduction in hepatic myofibroblasts was followed by reduced fibrosis detected 4 weeks after macrophage infusion. Serum albumin levels were elevated at this time. Up- regulation of the liver progenitor cell mitogen tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) preceded expansion of the progenitor cell compartment. Increased expression of colony stimulating factor-1, insulin-like growth factor-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor also followed BMM delivery. In contrast to the effects of differentiated macrophages, liver fibrosis was not significantly altered by the application of macrophage precursors and was exacerbated by whole BM. CONCLUSION Macrophage cell therapy improves clinically relevant parameters in experimental chronic liver injury. Paracrine signaling to endogenous cells amplifies the effect. The benefits from this single, defined cell type suggest clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Thomas
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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47
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Shen XD, Ke B, Uchida Y, Ji H, Gao F, Zhai Y, Busuttil RW, Kupiec-Weglinski JW. Native macrophages genetically modified to express heme oxygenase 1 protect rat liver transplants from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Liver Transpl 2011; 17:201-10. [PMID: 21280193 PMCID: PMC3058297 DOI: 10.1002/lt.22214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether native macrophages overexpressing heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) could protect rat orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) against cold ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Livers from Sprague-Dawley rats were stored at 4°C in University of Wisconsin solution for 24 hours, and then they were transplanted into syngeneic recipients. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) that were transfected ex vivo with heme oxygenase 1 adenovirus (Ad-HO-1), β-galactosidase adenovirus (Ad-β-gal), or HO-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were infused directly into the OLT before reperfusion. Controls were OLT conditioned with unmodified or scrambled siRNA-transfected cells. The transfer of Ad-HO-1/BMMs increased the survival of OLT to 100% (versus 40%-50% for controls) and decreased serum alanine aminotransferase levels and histological features of hepatocellular damage. In contrast, an infusion of macrophages transfected with HO-1 siRNA/Ad-β-gal failed to affect IRI. Gene therapy-induced HO-1 suppressed toll-like receptor 4 expression, decreased expression of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10, and attenuated endothelial intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 expression with resultant diminished OLT leukocyte sequestration. Although Ad-HO-1/BMMs decreased the frequency of apoptotic cells positive for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling and ameliorated caspase-3 activity, the expression of interleukin-10 and antiapoptotic B cell lymphoma 2/B cell lymphoma extra large increased in well-functioning OLT. Thus, the transfer of native macrophages transfected ex vivo with HO-1 can rescue rat iso-OLT from IRI. Our study validates a novel and clinically attractive concept: native macrophages transfected ex vivo with the antioxidant HO-1 can be applied at the time of transplantation to mitigate otherwise damaging antigen-independent liver inflammation and injury resulting from the peritransplant harvesting insult. If this new, refined strategy is proven to be effective in allo-OLT recipients, it should be considered in clinical settings to increase the supply of usable donor organs and ultimately improve the overall success of liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Da Shen
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Singh V, Jain S, Gowthaman U, Parihar P, Gupta P, Gupta UD, Agrewala JN. Co-administration of IL-1+IL-6+TNF-α with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected macrophages vaccine induces better protective T cell memory than BCG. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16097. [PMID: 21283805 PMCID: PMC3023717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BCG has been administered globally for more than 75 years, yet tuberculosis (TB) continues to kill more than 2 million people annually. Further, BCG protects childhood TB but is quite inefficient in adults. This indicates that BCG fails to induce long-term protection. Hence there is a need to explore alternative vaccination strategies that can stimulate enduring T cell memory response. Dendritic cell based vaccination has attained extensive popularity following their success in various malignancies. In our previous study, we have established a novel and unique vaccination strategy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) and Salmonella typhimurium by utilizing infected macrophages (IM). In short-term experiments (30 days), substantial degree of protection was observed. However, remarkable difference was not observed in long-term studies (240 days) due to failure of the vaccine to generate long-lasting memory T cells. Hence, in the present study we employed T cell memory augmenting cytokines IL-1+IL-6+TNF-α and IL-7+IL-15 for the induction of the enhancement of long-term protection by the vaccine. We co-administered the M. tb infected macrophages vaccine with IL-1+IL-6+TNF-α (IM-1.6.α) and IL-7+IL-15 (IM-7.15). The mice were then rested for a reasonably large period (240 days) to study the bona fide T cell memory response before exposing them to aerosolized M. tb. IM-1.6.α but not IM-7.15 significantly improved memory T cell response against M. tb, as evidenced by recall responses of memory T cells, expansion of both central as well as effector memory CD4 and CD8 T cell pools, elicitation of mainly Th1 memory response, reduction in the mycobacterial load and alleviated lung pathology. Importantly, the protection induced by IM-1.6.α was significantly better than BCG. Thus, this study demonstrates that not only antigen-pulsed DCs can be successfully employed as vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases but also macrophages infected with M. tb can be utilized with great efficacy especially in protection against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijender Singh
- Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shweta Jain
- Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uthaman Gowthaman
- Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Parihar
- Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pushpa Gupta
- National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, India
| | - Umesh D. Gupta
- National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, India
| | - Javed N. Agrewala
- Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- * E-mail:
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Bonney DK, O'Meara A, Shabani A, Imrie J, Bigger BW, Jones S, Wraith JE, Wynn RF. Successful allogeneic bone marrow transplant for Niemann-Pick disease type C2 is likely to be associated with a severe 'graft versus substrate' effect. J Inherit Metab Dis 2010; 33 Suppl 3:S171-3. [PMID: 20393800 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C2 (NPC2) is caused by the inherited deficiency of a lysosomal cholesterol transport protein, NPC2 protein. Many cases of NPC2 present in early infancy with inflammatory lung disease, with subsequent severe neurological disease and death in early childhood. This disease is theoretically correctable by bone marrow transplantation (BMT), as the NPC2 protein is small and soluble and secreted and recaptured by the mannose-6-phosphate pathway. In this report we describe the first successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for this condition in a 16-month-old boy homozygous for the NPC2 p.E20X mutation, which has hitherto been reported to cause disease with a severe phenotype. During BMT there was an initial improvement of the established respiratory illness, with the immune suppression associated with transplant conditioning, but there was subsequent marked deterioration at the time of immune reconstitution and donor cell engraftment. This 'graft versus substrate' reaction was managed with intensive immune suppressant therapy, and it gradually resolved as the substrate was cleared by the engrafted donor macrophages. All immune suppression was withdrawn 18 months after transplantation, and his respiratory illness has resolved. He walked independently at 24 months and is continuing to reach development milestones after receiving his transplant. We conclude that the successful treatment of Niemann-Pick C2 therefore seems likely to be associated with a severe post-transplantation 'graft versus substrate' reaction that requires intense immune suppression before eventual resolution.
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Vishvakarma NK, Singh SM. Immunopotentiating effect of proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole in a lymphoma-bearing murine host: Implication in antitumor activation of tumor-associated macrophages. Immunol Lett 2010; 134:83-92. [PMID: 20837061 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 08/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are being considered for antineoplastic therapeutic regimens due to their ability to reverse H(+) homeostasis in tumor microenvironment and induce tumor cell death. In order to explore additional mechanism(s) underlying antitumor action of PPI, the present investigation was undertaken to investigate the effect of a PPI pantoprazole (PPZ) on the activation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) to tumoricidal state in a murine model of a transplantable T cell lymphoma of spontaneous origin growing in ascitic form. In vivo administration of PPZ to tumor-bearing mice resulted in an enhanced TAM recruitment in tumor microenvironment with M1 macrophage phenotype and augmented activation of TAM to tumoricidal state along with expression of tumor cytotoxic molecules. The study also demonstrates that TAM activating action of PPZ is of indirect nature mediated via its antitumor activity, reversal of tumor-induced immunosuppression and a consequent shift of cytokine balance in the tumor microenvironment favoring polarization of macrophages to M1 type. The study further shows that adoptive transfer of TAM harvested from PPZ-administered tumor-bearing hosts causes an efficient retardation of tumor growth. Possible mechanisms and significance of these observations with respect to the designing of antitumor therapy using PPI are discussed.
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MESH Headings
- 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles/pharmacology
- Animals
- Ascitic Fluid/drug effects
- Ascitic Fluid/immunology
- Ascitic Fluid/pathology
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Survival/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- Female
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Interleukin-1/metabolism
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/therapy
- Macrophage Activation/drug effects
- Macrophage Activation/immunology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/transplantation
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Pantoprazole
- Phagocytosis/immunology
- Proton Pump Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Receptors, Interleukin-2/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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