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Al-Amiery A, Isahak WNRW, Al-Azzawi WK. Multi-method evaluation of a 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)pyrrolidine corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl: combining gravimetric, electrochemical, and DFT approaches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9770. [PMID: 37328536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The corrosion inhibition properties of 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)pyrrolidine (2-TP) on mild steel in a 1 M HCl solution were investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and open circuit potential (OCP) measurements. In addition, DFT calculations were performed on 2-TP. The polarization curves revealed that 2-TP is a mixed-type inhibitor. The results indicate that 2-TP is an effective inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in a 1.0 M HCl solution, with an inhibition efficiency of 94.6% at 0.5 mM 2-TP. The study also examined the impact of temperature, revealing that the inhibition efficiency increases with an increasing concentration of 2-TP and decreases with a rise in temperature. The adsorption of the inhibitor on the mild steel surface followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and the free energy value indicated that the adsorption of 2-TP is a spontaneous process that involves both physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms. The DFT calculations showed that the adsorption of 2-TP on the mild steel surface is mainly through the interaction of the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom of the thiadiazole ring with the metal surface. The results obtained from the weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, EIS and OCP measurements were in good agreement with each other and confirmed the effectiveness of 2-TP as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M HCl solution. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential use of 2-TP as a corrosion inhibitor in acid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Amiery
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.
- University of Technology-Iraq, Energy and Renewable Energies Technology Center, Bagdad, Iraq.
| | - Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.
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Synthesis, experimental and computational studies on the anti-corrosion performance of substituted Schiff bases of 2-methoxybenzaldehyde for mild steel in HCl medium. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3265. [PMID: 36828888 PMCID: PMC9958021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30396-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Corrosion inhibition performance of two synthesized Schiff base ligands; (E)-2-((2-methoxybenzylidene)amino)phenol L1 and (E)-2-((4-methoxybenzylidene)amino)phenol L2 were carried out by weight loss measurement in 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation were applied to theoretically explain the inhibitors' intrinsic properties and adsorption mechanism in the corrosion study. The result of the inhibition performances carried out at varying concentrations and temperatures were compared. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of L1 and L2 at an optimal concentration of 10 × 10-4 M were 75% and 76%. Langmuir isotherm model fits the data obtained from the experiment with a correlation coefficient (R2) value closer to unity. The adsorption mechanism of inhibitor on the surface of the Fe metal occurred via chemisorption inferred from the Gibbs free energy (ΔGads). Scanning electron microscopy showed a mild degradation on the surface of the mild steel immersed in the L1, and L2 inhibited acid solution, which could be due to surface coverage. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the metal surface's elemental composition and the existence of the chlorine peak, which emanates from the HCl medium. DFT calculations revealed that the hybrid B3LYP functional performed better than the M06-2X meta-functional in estimating the energies of the synthesized Schiff bases for corrosion inhibition as seen in the lower ΔE values of 3.86 eV and 3.81 eV for L1 and L2. The MD simulation revealed that the orientation of inhibitors on the surface of the metal resulted in the coordination bond formation and that the interaction energy of L2 was -746.84 kJ/mol compared to -743.74 kJ/mol of L1. The DFT and MD results agreed with the observed trend of the experimental findings.
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Corrosion performance of Schiff base derived from 2, 5-dimethoxybenzyaldehyde: X-ray structure, experimental and DFT studies. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02244-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Al-Amiery AA, Mohamad AB, Kadhum AAH, Shaker LM, Isahak WNRW, Takriff MS. Experimental and theoretical study on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel by nonanedioic acid derivative in hydrochloric acid solution. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4705. [PMID: 35304485 PMCID: PMC8933592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The corrosion performance of mild steel (MS) in 1M HCl solution was examined by weight loss (WL), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM), and open circuit potential (OCP) measurements in the absence and presence of nonanedihydrazide. PDP measurements indicated that nonanedihydrazide acts as a mixed inhibitor due to its adsorption on the MS surface, exhibiting an inhibition efficiency of more than 97%. The surface morphology investigation of the protective layer on the MS surface confirmed that adsorption of nonanedihydrazide molecules occurred via chemical adsorption following Langmuir's isotherm model. The effect of temperature on the corrosion performance in the presence of nonanedihydrazide was investigated in the range of 303-333 K, showing that the inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in the inhibitor concentration and decreased with an increase in temperature. A new green corrosion inhibitor was synthesised and theoretical computations were conducted to completely understand the inhibition mechanism. Nonanedihydrazide molecules were investigated by DFT (density functional theory) using the B3LYP functional to evaluate the relationship of corrosion inhibition performance and the molecular structure. The computed theoretical parameters presented significant support for understanding the inhibitive mechanism revealed by the inhibitory molecules and are in good agreement with WL, PDP, EIS, (EFM), and OCP results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Al-Amiery
- Renewable Energies and Technology Energy Center, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq. .,Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abu Bakar Mohamad
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Lina M Shaker
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd S Takriff
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.,Chemical and Water Desalination Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Collage of Engineering, University of Sharjah, 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Quantitative structure activity relationship and artificial neural network as vital tools in predicting coordination capabilities of organic compounds with metal surface: A review. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Okey NC, Obasi NL, Ejikeme PM, Ndinteh DT, Ramasami P, Sherif ESM, Akpan ED, Ebenso EE. Evaluation of some amino benzoic acid and 4-aminoantipyrine derived Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic medium: Synthesis, experimental and computational studies. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fateh A, Aliofkhazraei M, Rezvanian A. Review of corrosive environments for copper and its corrosion inhibitors. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Detailed characterization of Phellodendron chinense Schneid and its application in the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in acidic media. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 130:107332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Corrosion Inhibition Potential of Novel Thiosemicarbazone on Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Environment. COATINGS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings9110729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Corrosion of a material by reaction with a corrosive environment is a common problem across many industries. Iraq is an oil country and corrosion represents a large portion of the total costs for oil producing and a natural potential hazard associated with oil production and transportation. The synthesis of novel thiosemicarbazone, namely 2-(2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (DMBHC), was conducted and the chemical structure was elucidated via the 1H and 13C NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance), and FT-IR (Fourier-transform infrared) spectroscopic spectroscopic techniques in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen analyses (CHN analyses). The inhibition properties of the investigated thiosemicarbazone were evaluated for mild steel (MS) corrosion in 1N H2SO4 using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), weight loss method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical and weight loss techniques revealed that the tested thiosemicarbazone acted as a superior inhibitor for the acidic corrosion of MS and the efficiency increased with increasing concentrations. The EIS results revealed that thiosemicarbazone demonstrated the highest inhibition efficiency of 94.86%, at a concentration of 0.5 mM. Results from the weight loss technique suggested that the thiosemicarbazone acted as a mixed type corrosion inhibitor. The impact of temperature on the mechanism of inhibition of the new synthesized inhibitor of the surface of MS in 1N H2SO4 was investigated at various temperatures (30–60 °C) where the inhibitive efficiency diminished with increasing temperatures. The mechanism of inhibition was additionally verified with the methodological data.
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Unnisa CBN, Chitra S, Nirmala Devi G, Kiruthika A, Roopan SM, Hemapriya V, Chung IM, Kim SH, Prabakaran M. Electrochemical and nonelectrochemical analyses of cardo polyesters at the metal/0.5 M H2SO4 interface for corrosion protection. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-019-03910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Shetty P. Schiff bases: An overview of their corrosion inhibition activity in acid media against mild steel. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2019.1630387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Shetty
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (A Deemed University), Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Hazani NN, Mohd Y, Ghazali SAISM, Dzulkifli NN. Electrochemical Studies of Thiosemicarbazone Derivative and Its Tin(IV) Complex as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1 M Hydrochloric Acid. CHEMISTRY JOURNAL OF MOLDOVA 2019. [DOI: 10.19261/cjm.2019.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
The compound 2′-chloro-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,4′-bipyridine was obtained with a good yield by the reaction of 2-chloro-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine with (2-chloropyridin-4-yl)boronic acid and structurally characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR), thin-layer chromatography–mass spectrometry (TLC–MS), HPLC, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and elemental analysis. The functionalization of the pyridine was achieved by the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura carbon–carbon cross-coupling reaction that afforded the target compound.
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Abstract
N-[4-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,4′-bipyridin-2′-yl]benzene-1,4-diamine was synthesized with a good yield by the reaction of 2′-chloro-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,4′-bipyridine with 4-phenylenediamine. The functionalization of the pyridine was accomplished by a nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction that afforded the target compound. The synthesized compound was characterized by chemical analysis, which includes nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR), Thin Layer Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TLC-MS), high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and elemental analysis.
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Jamil DM, Al-Okbi AK, Al-Baghdadi SB, Al-Amiery AA, Kadhim A, Gaaz TS, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Experimental and theoretical studies of Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitors. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:7. [PMID: 29404816 PMCID: PMC5799090 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Relatively inexpensive, stable Schiff bases, namely 3-((4-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (BZ3) and 3-((4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)amino)-2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (BZ4), were employed as highly efficient inhibitors of mild steel corrosion by corrosive acid. Findings The inhibition efficiencies were estimated based on weight loss method. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the inhibition mechanism. The synthesized Schiff bases were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and micro-elemental analysis. The inhibition efficiency depends on three factors: the amount of nitrogen in the inhibitor, the inhibitor concentration and the inhibitor molecular weight. Conclusions Inhibition efficiencies of 96 and 92% were achieved with BZ4 and BZ3, respectively, at the maximum tested concentration. Density functional theory calculations of BZ3 and BZ4 were performed to compare the effects of hydroxyl and N,N-dimethylamino substituents on the inhibition efficiency, providing insight for designing new molecular structures that exhibit enhanced inhibition efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia M Jamil
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Nahrain, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | | | | | - Tayser Sumer Gaaz
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Amir H Kadhum
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abu Bakar Mohamad
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Mashuga ME, Olasunkanmi LO, Ebenso EE. Experimental and theoretical investigation of the inhibitory effect of new pyridazine derivatives for the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Al-Azawi KF, Al-Baghdadi SB, Mohamed AZ, Al-Amiery AA, Abed TK, Mohammed SA, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Synthesis, inhibition effects and quantum chemical studies of a novel coumarin derivative on the corrosion of mild steel in a hydrochloric acid solution. Chem Cent J 2016; 10:23. [PMID: 27134648 PMCID: PMC4850708 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acid corrosion inhibition process of mild steel in 1 M HCl by 4-[(2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazol-5-yl)methoxy]coumarin (ATC), has been investigated using weight loss technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ATC was synthesized, and its chemical structure was elucidated and confirmed using spectroscopic techniques (infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy). FINDINGS The results indicated that inhibition efficiencies were enhanced with an increase in concentration of inhibitor and decreased with a rise in temperature. The adsorption equilibrium constant (K) and standard free energy of adsorption (ΔGads) were calculated. Quantum chemical parameters such as highest occupied molecular orbital energy, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO and ELUMO, respectively) and dipole moment (μ) were calculated and discussed. The results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in both the EHOMO and μ values but with a decrease in the ELUMO value. CONCLUSIONS Our research show that the synthesized macromolecule represents an excellent inhibitor for materials in acidic solutions. The efficiency of this macromolecule had maximum inhibition efficiency up to 96 % at 0.5 mM and diminishes with a higher temperature degree, which is revealing of chemical adsorption. An inhibitor molecule were absorbed by metal surface and follow Langmuir isotherms low and establishes an efficient macromolecule inhibitor having excellent inhibitive properties due to entity of S (sulfur) atom, N (nitrogen) atom and O (oxygen) atom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ahmed A. Al-Amiery
- />University of Technology (UOT), Baghdad, 10001 Iraq
- />Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Talib K. Abed
- />University of Technology (UOT), Baghdad, 10001 Iraq
| | - Salam A. Mohammed
- />Faculty of Engineering, University of Nizwa, 616 Nazwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abdul Amir H. Kadhum
- />Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Abu Bakar Mohamad
- />Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
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Synthesis and characterization of a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibition for mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid. Sci Rep 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/srep19890 pmid: 26795066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Synthesis and characterization of a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibition for mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19890. [PMID: 26795066 PMCID: PMC4726232 DOI: 10.1038/srep19890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The acid corrosion inhibition process of mild steel in 1 M HCl by azelaic acid dihydrazide has been investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential (OCP) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM). Azelaic acid dihydrazide was synthesized, and its chemical structure was elucidated and confirmed using spectroscopic techniques (infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy). Potentiodynamic polarization studies indicate that azelaic acid dihydrazide is a mixed-type inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency increases with increased inhibitor concentration and reaches its maximum of 93% at 5 × 10−3 M. The adsorption of the inhibitor on a mild steel surface obeys Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on corrosion behavior in the presence of 5 × 10−3 M inhibitor was studied in the temperature range of 30–60 °C. The results indicated that inhibition efficiencies were enhanced with an increase in concentration of inhibitor and decreased with a rise in temperature. To inspect the surface morphology of inhibitor film on the mild steel surface, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used before and after immersion in 1.0 M HCl.
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Olasunkanmi LO, Obot IB, Ebenso EE. Adsorption and corrosion inhibition properties of N-{n-[1-R-5-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-4,5-dihydropyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methanesulfonamides on mild steel in 1 M HCl: experimental and theoretical studies. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11373g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The experimental corrosion inhibition properties were supported by detailed theoretical studies that revealed the dependence of protection efficiency on proton affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukman O. Olasunkanmi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
- Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology
- North-West University (Mafikeng Campus)
- Mmabatho 2735
| | - Ime B. Obot
- Centre of Research Excellence in Corrosion
- Research Institute
- King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
- Dhahran 31261
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Eno E. Ebenso
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
- Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology
- North-West University (Mafikeng Campus)
- Mmabatho 2735
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Yousif E, Al-Amiery AA, Kadihum A, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Photostabilizing Efficiency of PVC in the Presence of Schiff Bases as Photostabilizers. Molecules 2015; 20:19886-99. [PMID: 26556323 PMCID: PMC6331913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201119665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The photostabilization of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films by Schiff bases was investigated. Polyvinyl chloride films containing 0.5 wt % Schiff bases were produced using the same casting method as that used for additive-free PVC films from tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent. The photostabilization activities of these compounds were determined by monitoring the carbonyl, polyene and hydroxyl indices with irradiation time. The changes in viscosity average molecular weight of PVC with irradiation time were also monitored using THF as a solvent. The quantum yield of chain scission (Φcs) for the studied complexes in PVC was estimated to range between 4.72 and 8.99 × 10(-8). According to the experimental results, several mechanisms were suggested, depending on the structure of the additive. Ultra violet (UV) absorption, peroxide decomposition and radical scavenging were suggested as the photostabilizing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Yousif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 10072, Iraq.
| | - Ahmed A Al-Amiery
- Environmental Research Center, University of Technology (UOT), Baghdad 10001, Iraq.
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43000, Malaysia.
| | - Abdulhadi Kadihum
- Department of Laser and Optoelectronics, University of Technology (UOT), Baghdad 10001, Iraq.
| | - Abdul Amir H Kadhum
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43000, Malaysia.
| | - Abu Bakar Mohamad
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43000, Malaysia.
- Fuel Cell Institute, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43000, Malaysia.
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Anticorrosion potential of diethylenetriaminepentakis (methylphosphonic) acid on carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Enhancement of the wear resistance and microhardness of aluminum alloy by Nd:YaG laser treatment. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:842062. [PMID: 25136694 PMCID: PMC4127256 DOI: 10.1155/2014/842062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Influence of laser treatment on mechanical properties, wear resistance, and Vickers hardness of aluminum alloy was studied. The specimens were treated by using Nd:YaG laser of energy 780 mj, wavelength 512 nm, and duration time 8 ns. The wear behavior of the specimens was studied for all specimens before and after treatment by Nd:YaG laser and the dry wear experiments were carried out by sing pinon-disc technique. The specimens were machined as a disk with diameter of 25 mm and circular groove in depth of 3 mm. All specimens were conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray florescence analysis (EDS), optical microscopy, and Vickers hardness. The results showed that the dry wear rate was decreased after laser hardening and increased Vickers hardness values by ratio of 2.4 : 1. The results showed that the values of wear rate for samples having circular grooves are less than samples without grooves after laser treatment.
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Inhibition of Mild Steel Corrosion in Sulfuric Acid Solution by New Schiff Base. MATERIALS 2014; 7:787-804. [PMID: 28788488 PMCID: PMC5453085 DOI: 10.3390/ma7020787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of Schiff base derived from 4-aminoantipyrine, namely 2-(1,5-dimethyl-4-(2-methylbenzylidene)amino)-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-ylidene) hydrazinecarbothioamide as a corrosion inhibitor on mild steel in 1.0 M H2SO4 was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PD) and electrochemical frequently modulation (EFM) in addition to the adsorption isotherm, corrosion kinetic parameters and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that this inhibitor behaved as a good corrosion inhibitor, even at low concentration, with a mean efficiency of 93% and, also, a reduction of the inhibition efficiency as the solution temperature increases. A polarization technique and EIS were tested for different concentrations and different temperatures to reveal that this compound is adsorbed on the mild steel, therefore blocking the active sites, and the adsorption follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The excellent inhibition effectiveness of 2-(1,5-dimethyl-4-(2-methylbenzylidene)amino)-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-ylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide was also verified by scanning electron microscope (SEM).
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Novel Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in HCl. MATERIALS 2014; 7:662-672. [PMID: 28788482 PMCID: PMC5453103 DOI: 10.3390/ma7020662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Corrosion inhibitory effects of new synthesized compound namely 5,5’-((1Z,1’Z)-(1,4-phenylenebis(methanylylidene))bis(azanylylidene))bis(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol) (PBB) on mild steel in 1.0 M HCl was investigated at different temperatures using open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results showed that PBB inhibited mild steel corrosion in acid solution and indicated that the inhibition efficiencies increased with the concentration of inhibitor, but decreased proportionally with temperature. Changes in impedance parameters suggested the adsorption of PBB on the mild steel surface, leading to the formation of protective films.
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Electrochemical Study on Newly Synthesized Chlorocurcumin as an Inhibitor for Mild Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid. MATERIALS 2013; 6:5466-5477. [PMID: 28788402 PMCID: PMC5452761 DOI: 10.3390/ma6125466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new curcumin derivative, i.e., (1E,4Z,6E)-5-chloro-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,4,6-trien-3-one (chlorocurcumin), was prepared starting with the natural compound curcumin. The newly synthesized compound was characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies (IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR). The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl by chlorocurcumin has been studied using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The inhibition efficiency increases with the concentration of the inhibitor but decreases with increases in temperature. The potentiodynamic polarization reveals that chlorocurcumin is a mixed-type inhibitor. The kinetic parameters for mild steel corrosion were determined and discussed.
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Junaedi S, Al-Amiery AA, Kadihum A, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Inhibition effects of a synthesized novel 4-aminoantipyrine derivative on the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution together with quantum chemical studies. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:11915-28. [PMID: 23736696 PMCID: PMC3709763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
1,5-Dimethyl-4-((2-methylbenzylidene)amino)-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one (DMPO) was synthesized to be evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion inhibitory effects of DMPO on mild steel in 1.0 M HCl were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential (OCP) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM). The results showed that DMPO inhibited mild steel corrosion in acid solution and indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration. Changes in the impedance parameters suggested an adsorption of DMPO onto the mild steel surface, leading to the formation of protective films. The novel synthesized corrosion inhibitor was characterized using UV-Vis, FT-IR and NMR spectral analyses. Electronic properties such as highest occupied molecular orbital energy, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO and ELUMO, respectively) and dipole moment (μ) were calculated and discussed. The results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in the EHOMO values but with a decrease in the ELUMO value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutiana Junaedi
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; E-Mails: (S.J.); (A.A.H.K.); (A.B.M.)
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Amiery
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; E-Mails: (S.J.); (A.A.H.K.); (A.B.M.)
- Applied Chemistry Division, Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Abdulhadi Kadihum
- Applied Physics Division, Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq; E-Mail:
| | - Abdul Amir H. Kadhum
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; E-Mails: (S.J.); (A.A.H.K.); (A.B.M.)
| | - Abu Bakar Mohamad
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; E-Mails: (S.J.); (A.A.H.K.); (A.B.M.)
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