1
|
Othman JAS, Ilyas RA, Nordin AH, Ngadi N, Alkbir MFM. Recent advancements in bamboo nanocellulose-based bioadsorbents and their potential in wastewater applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134451. [PMID: 39102907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The research interest in sustainable and eco-friendly materials based on natural sources has increased dramatically due to their recyclability, biodegradability, compatibility, and nontoxic behavior. Recently, nanocellulose-based green composites are under extensive exploration and have gained popularity among researchers owing to their lightweight, lost cost, low density, excellent mechanical and physical characteristics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in the extraction, modification, and application of bamboo nanocellulose as a high-performance bioadsorbent. Bamboo, a rapidly renewable resource, offers an eco-friendly alternative to traditional materials due to its abundant availability and unique structural properties. Significantly, bamboo comprises a considerable amount of cellulose, approximately 40 % to 50%, rendering it a valuable source of cellulose fiber for the fabrication of cellulose nanocrystals. The review highlights different various modification techniques which enhance the adsorption capacities and selectivity of bamboo nanocellulose. Furthermore, the integration of bamboo nanocellulose into novel composite materials and its performance in removing contaminants such as heavy metals, dyes, and organic pollutants from wastewater are critically analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the mechanisms of adsorption, regeneration potential, and the economic and environmental benefits of using bamboo-based bioadsorbents. The findings underscore the potential of bamboo nanocellulose to play a pivotal role in developing sustainable wastewater treatment technologies, offering a promising pathway towards cleaner water and a greener future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jameelah Alhad Salih Othman
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - R A Ilyas
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
| | - Abu Hassan Nordin
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Norzita Ngadi
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - M F M Alkbir
- Advanced Facilities Engineering Technology Research Cluster, Malaysian Institute of Industrial Technology (MITEC), University Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Plant Engineering Technology (PETech), UniKL Malaysian Institute of Industrial Technology (MITEC), Persiaran Sinaran Ilmu, Johor, Darul Takzim, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Awasthi S, Komal, Pandey SK. Translational applications of magnetic nanocellulose composites. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:15884-15908. [PMID: 39136070 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01794c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Nanocellulose has emerged as a potential 'green' material owing to its inimitable properties. Furthermore, the significant development in technology has facilitated the design of multidimensional nanocellulose structures, including one-dimensional (1D: microparticles and nanofibers), two-dimensional (2D: coatings), and three-dimensional (3D: hydrogels/ferrogels) composites. In this case, nanocellulose composites blended with magnetic nanoparticles represent a new class of hybrid materials with improved biocompatibility and biodegradability. The application field of magnetic nanocellulose composites (MNCs) ranges from biomedicine and the environment to catalysis and sensing. In this review, we present the major applications of MNCs, emphasizing their innovative benefits and how they interconnect with translational applications in clinics and the environment. Additionally, we focus on the synthesis techniques and role of different additives in the fabrication of MNCs for achieving extremely precise and intricate tasks related to real-world applications. Subsequently, we reveal the recent interdisciplinary research on MNCs and discuss their mechanical, tribological, electrochemical, magnetic, and biological phenomena. Finally, this review concludes with a portrayal of computational modelling together with a glimpse of the various translational applications of MNCs. Therefore, it is anticipated that the current review will provide the readers with an extensive opportunity and a more comprehensive depiction related to the types, properties, and applications of MNCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Awasthi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur-303007, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Komal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur-303007, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Sarvesh Kumar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal-462003, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mamba PP, Msagati TAM, Mamba BB, Motsa MM, Nkambule TTI. The removal of pathogenic bacteria and dissolved organic matter from freshwater using microporous membranes: insights into biofilm formation and fouling reversibility. BIOFOULING 2024; 40:245-261. [PMID: 38639133 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2339438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria in drinking-water pose a health risk to consumers, as they compromise the quality of portable water. Chemical disinfection of water containing dissolved organic matter (DOM) causes harmful disinfection by-products. In this work, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) blended polyethersulfone membranes were fabricated and characterised using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The membranes were evaluated for the removal of bacteria and DOM from synthetic and environmental water. Permeate flux increased from 287.30 to 374.60 l m-2 h-1 at 3 bars when 4-HBA increased from 0 to 1.5 wt.%, suggesting that 4-HBA influenced the membrane's affinity for water. Furthermore, 4-HBA demonstrated antimicrobial properties by inhibiting bacterial growth. The membrane with 1 wt.% 4-HBA recorded 99.4 and 100% bacteria removal in synthetic and environmental water, respectively. Additionally, DOM removal of 55-73% was achieved. A flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 94.6% was obtained when a mixture of bacteria and humic acid was filtered, implying better fouling layer reversibility during cleaning. Furthermore, 100% FRR was achieved when a multimedia granular filtration step was installed prior to membrane filtration. The results illustrated that the membranes had a high permeate flux with low irreversible fouling. This indicated the potential of the membranes in treating complex feed streams using simple cleaning protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phumlile P Mamba
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Florida, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Titus A M Msagati
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Florida, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bhekie B Mamba
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Florida, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Machawe M Motsa
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Florida, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Thabo T I Nkambule
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Florida, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bastida GA, Tarrés Q, Aguado R, Delgado-Aguilar M, Zanuttini MÁ, Galván MV. Flocculation of Cellulose Microfiber and Nanofiber Induced by Chitosan-Xylan Complexes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2420. [PMID: 37686928 PMCID: PMC10489922 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the key factors influencing the rheological behavior and the mechanisms of natural polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) as flocculation agents for cellulose microfibers (CMFs) and nanofibers (CNFs). PECs were formed by combining two polyelectrolytes: xylan (Xyl) and chitosan (Ch), at different Xyl/Ch mass ratios: 60/40, 70/30, and 80/20. First, Xyl, Ch, and PEC solutions were characterized by measuring viscosity, critical concentration (c*), rheological parameter, ζ-potential, and hydrodynamic size. Then, the flocculation mechanisms of CMF and CNF suspensions with PECs under dynamic conditions were studied by measuring viscosity, while the flocculation under static conditions was examined through gel point measurements, floc average size determination, and ζ-potential analysis. The findings reveal that PEC solutions formed with a lower xylan mass ratio showed higher intrinsic viscosity, higher hydrodynamic size, higher z-potential, and a lower c*. This is due to the high molecular weight, charge, and gel-forming ability. All the analyzed solutions behave as a typical non-Newtonian shear-thinning fluid. The flocculation mechanisms under dynamic conditions showed that a very low dosage of PEC (between 2 and 6 mg PEC/g of fiber) was sufficient to produce flocculation. Under dynamic conditions, an increase in viscosity indicates flocculation at this low PEC dosage. Finally, under static conditions, maximum floc sizes were observed at the same PEC dosage where minimum gel points were reached. Higher PEC doses were required for CNF suspensions than for CMF suspensions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Adriana Bastida
- Institute of Cellulosic Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering (FIQ-CONICET), National University of the Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2654, Santa Fe S3000AOJ, Argentina; (G.A.B.); (M.Á.Z.); (M.V.G.)
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 61, 17003 Girona, Spain; (R.A.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Quim Tarrés
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 61, 17003 Girona, Spain; (R.A.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Roberto Aguado
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 61, 17003 Girona, Spain; (R.A.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Marc Delgado-Aguilar
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 61, 17003 Girona, Spain; (R.A.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Miguel Ángel Zanuttini
- Institute of Cellulosic Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering (FIQ-CONICET), National University of the Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2654, Santa Fe S3000AOJ, Argentina; (G.A.B.); (M.Á.Z.); (M.V.G.)
| | - María Verónica Galván
- Institute of Cellulosic Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering (FIQ-CONICET), National University of the Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2654, Santa Fe S3000AOJ, Argentina; (G.A.B.); (M.Á.Z.); (M.V.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liljeström T, Kontturi KS, Durairaj V, Wester N, Tammelin T, Laurila T, Koskinen J. Protein Adsorption and Its Effects on Electroanalytical Performance of Nanocellulose/Carbon Nanotube Composite Electrodes. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3806-3818. [PMID: 37433182 PMCID: PMC10428158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein fouling is a critical issue in the development of electrochemical sensors for medical applications, as it can significantly impact their sensitivity, stability, and reliability. Modifying planar electrodes with conductive nanomaterials that possess a high surface area, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), has been shown to significantly improve fouling resistance and sensitivity. However, the inherent hydrophobicity of CNTs and their poor dispersibility in solvents pose challenges in optimizing such electrode architectures for maximum sensitivity. Fortunately, nanocellulosic materials offer an efficient and sustainable approach to achieving effective functional and hybrid nanoscale architectures by enabling stable aqueous dispersions of carbon nanomaterials. Additionally, the inherent hygroscopicity and fouling-resistant nature of nanocellulosic materials can provide superior functionalities in such composites. In this study, we evaluate the fouling behavior of two nanocellulose (NC)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite electrode systems: one using sulfated cellulose nanofibers and another using sulfated cellulose nanocrystals. We compare these composites to commercial MWCNT electrodes without nanocellulose and analyze their behavior in physiologically relevant fouling environments of varying complexity using common outer- and inner-sphere redox probes. Additionally, we use quartz crystal microgravimetry with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) to investigate the behavior of amorphous carbon surfaces and nanocellulosic materials in fouling environments. Our results demonstrate that the NC/MWCNT composite electrodes provide significant advantages for measurement reliability, sensitivity, and selectivity over only MWCNT-based electrodes, even in complex physiological monitoring environments such as human plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Touko Liljeström
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Katri S. Kontturi
- Sustainable
Products and Materials, VTT Technical Research
Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Vasuki Durairaj
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Sustainable
Products and Materials, VTT Technical Research
Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Niklas Wester
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Tekla Tammelin
- Sustainable
Products and Materials, VTT Technical Research
Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tomi Laurila
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Jari Koskinen
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sofiah AGN, Pasupuleti J, Samykano M, Kadirgama K, Koh SP, Tiong SK, Pandey AK, Yaw CT, Natarajan SK. Harnessing Nature's Ingenuity: A Comprehensive Exploration of Nanocellulose from Production to Cutting-Edge Applications in Engineering and Sciences. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3044. [PMID: 37514434 PMCID: PMC10385464 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary material supply is the heart of engineering and sciences. The depletion of natural resources and an increase in the human population by a billion in 13 to 15 years pose a critical concern regarding the sustainability of these materials; therefore, functionalizing renewable materials, such as nanocellulose, by possibly exploiting their properties for various practical applications, has been undertaken worldwide. Nanocellulose has emerged as a dominant green natural material with attractive and tailorable physicochemical properties, is renewable and sustainable, and shows biocompatibility and tunable surface properties. Nanocellulose is derived from cellulose, the most abundant polymer in nature with the remarkable properties of nanomaterials. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the methods used for nanocellulose preparation, structure-property and structure-property correlations, and the application of nanocellulose and its nanocomposite materials. This article differentiates the classification of nanocellulose, provides a brief account of the production methods that have been developed for isolating nanocellulose, highlights a range of unique properties of nanocellulose that have been extracted from different kinds of experiments and studies, and elaborates on nanocellulose potential applications in various areas. The present review is anticipated to provide the readers with the progress and knowledge related to nanocellulose. Pushing the boundaries of nanocellulose further into cutting-edge applications will be of particular interest in the future, especially as cost-effective commercial sources of nanocellulose continue to emerge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jagadeesh Pasupuleti
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Samykano
- Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Kumaran Kadirgama
- Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Siaw Paw Koh
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sieh Kieh Tiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adarsh Kumar Pandey
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Center for Transdiciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Chong Tak Yaw
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sendhil Kumar Natarajan
- Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, University of Puducherry, Karaikal 609609, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Popescu M, Ungureanu C. Green Nanomaterials for Smart Textiles Dedicated to Environmental and Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4075. [PMID: 37297209 PMCID: PMC10254517 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Smart textiles recently reaped significant attention owing to their potential applications in various fields, such as environmental and biomedical monitoring. Integrating green nanomaterials into smart textiles can enhance their functionality and sustainability. This review will outline recent advancements in smart textiles incorporating green nanomaterials for environmental and biomedical applications. The article highlights green nanomaterials' synthesis, characterization, and applications in smart textile development. We discuss the challenges and limitations of using green nanomaterials in smart textiles and future perspectives for developing environmentally friendly and biocompatible smart textiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melania Popescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies—IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Camelia Ungureanu
- General Chemistry Department, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Gheorghe Polizu Street, 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fernandes A, Cruz-Lopes L, Esteves B, Evtuguin D. Nanotechnology Applied to Cellulosic Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3104. [PMID: 37109939 PMCID: PMC10143861 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nanocellulosic materials have attracted special attention because of their performance in different advanced applications, biodegradability, availability, and biocompatibility. Nanocellulosic materials can assume three distinct morphologies, including cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), and bacterial cellulose (BC). This review consists of two main parts related to obtaining and applying nanocelluloses in advanced materials. In the first part, the mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments necessary for the production of nanocelluloses are discussed. Among chemical pretreatments, the most common approaches are described, such as acid- and alkali-catalyzed organosolvation, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation, ammonium persulfate (APS) and sodium persulfate (SPS) oxidative treatments, ozone, extraction with ionic liquids, and acid hydrolysis. As for mechanical/physical treatments, methods reviewed include refining, high-pressure homogenization, microfluidization, grinding, cryogenic crushing, steam blasting, ultrasound, extrusion, aqueous counter collision, and electrospinning. The application of nanocellulose focused, in particular, on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with CNC, CNF, and BC. With the development of TENGs, an unparalleled revolution is expected; there will be self-powered sensors, wearable and implantable electronic components, and a series of other innovative applications. In the future new era of TENGs, nanocellulose will certainly be a promising material in their constitution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fernandes
- Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Luísa Cruz-Lopes
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Av. Cor. José Maria Vale de Andrade, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal;
- Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society-CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Av. Cor. José Maria Vale de Andrade, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Bruno Esteves
- Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society-CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Av. Cor. José Maria Vale de Andrade, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal
- Department of Wood Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Av. Cor. José Maria Vale de Andrade, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Dmitry Evtuguin
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aljlil S. A Mathematical Simulation of Copper and Nickel Ions Separation Using Prepared Nanocellulose Material. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:381. [PMID: 37103808 PMCID: PMC10146762 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental risks can arise from the existence of heavy metals in wastewater and their land disposal. To address this concern, a mathematical technique is introduced in this article that enables the anticipation of breakthrough curves and the imitation of copper and nickel ion separation onto nanocellulose in a fixed-bed system. The mathematical model is based on mass balances for copper and nickel and partial differential equations for pore diffusion in a fixed bed. The study evaluates the impact of experimental parameters such as bed height and initial concentration on the shape of the breakthrough curves. At 20 °C, the maximum adsorption capacities for copper and nickel ions on nanocellulose were 5.7 mg/g and 5 mg/g, respectively. The breakthrough point decreased with increasing solution concentration at higher bed heights, while at an initial concentration of 20 mg/L, the breakthrough point increased with bed height. The fixed-bed pore diffusion model showed excellent agreement with the experimental data. The use of this mathematical approach can help alleviate the environmental hazards that arise from the presence of heavy metals in wastewater. The study highlights the potential of nanocellulose as a material for membrane technology, which can effectively address these risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saad Aljlil
- Institute of Water Management & Treatment Technologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sasmal A, Senthilnathan J, Arockiarajan A, Yoshimura M. Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Framework Incorporated Highly Polar PVDF for Dielectric Energy Storage and Mechanical Energy Harvesting. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1098. [PMID: 36985992 PMCID: PMC10058605 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Here, we introduce a 2D metal-organic framework (MOF) into the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix, which has been comparatively less explored in this field. Highly 2D Ni-MOF has been synthesized in this regard via hydrothermal route and has been incorporated into PVDF matrix via solvent casting technique with ultralow filler (0.5 wt%) loading. The polar phase percentage of 0.5 wt% Ni-MOF loaded PVDF film (NPVDF) has been found to be increased to ~85% from a value of ~55% for neat PVDF. The ultralow filler loading has inhibited the easy breakdown path along with increased dielectric permittivity and hence has enhanced the energy storage performance. On the other hand, significantly enriched polarity and Young's Modulus has helped in improving its mechanical energy harvesting performance, thereby enhancing the human motion interactive sensing activities. The piezoelectric and piezo-tribo hybrid devices made up of NPVDF film have shown improved output power density of ~3.26 and 31 μW/cm2 compared to those of the piezoelectric and piezo-tribo hybrid devices comprising of neat PVDF (output power density ~0.6 and 17 μW/cm2, respectively). The developed composite can thus be considered an excellent candidate for multifunctional applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sasmal
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Jaganathan Senthilnathan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunachalakasi Arockiarajan
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India;
- Centre of Excellence in Ceramics Technologies for Futuristic Mobility, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masahiro Yoshimura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Norrrahim MNF, Knight VF, Nurazzi NM, Jenol MA, Misenan MSM, Janudin N, Kasim NAM, Shukor MFA, Ilyas RA, Asyraf MRM, Naveen J. The Frontiers of Functionalized Nanocellulose-Based Composites and Their Application as Chemical Sensors. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204461. [PMID: 36298039 PMCID: PMC9608972 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical sensors are a rapidly developing technology that has received much attention in diverse industries such as military, medicine, environmental surveillance, automotive power and mobility, food manufacturing, infrastructure construction, product packaging and many more. The mass production of low-cost devices and components for use as chemical sensors is a major driving force for improvements in each of these industries. Recently, studies have found that using renewable and eco-friendly materials would be advantageous for both manufacturers and consumers. Thus, nanotechnology has led to the investigation of nanocellulose, an emerging and desirable bio-material for use as a chemical sensor. The inherent properties of nanocellulose, its high tensile strength, large specific surface area and good porous structure have many advantages in its use as a composite material for chemical sensors, intended to decrease response time by minimizing barriers to mass transport between an analyte and the immobilized indicator in the sensor. Besides which, the piezoelectric effect from aligned fibers in nanocellulose composites is beneficial for application in chemical sensors. Therefore, this review presents a discussion on recent progress and achievements made in the area of nanocellulose composites for chemical sensing applications. Important aspects regarding the preparation of nanocellulose composites using different functionalization with other compounds are also critically discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.N.F.N.); (V.F.K.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Victor Feizal Knight
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.N.F.N.); (V.F.K.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Norizan Mohd Nurazzi
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.N.F.N.); (V.F.K.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Mohd Azwan Jenol
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | | | - Nurjahirah Janudin
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Noor Azilah Mohd Kasim
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Faizan A. Shukor
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
- Engineering Design Research Group (EDRG), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Jesuarockiam Naveen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aoudi B, Boluk Y, Gamal El-Din M. Recent advances and future perspective on nanocellulose-based materials in diverse water treatment applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:156903. [PMID: 35753453 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, nanocellulose and its derivatives have drawn attention as promising bio-based materials for water treatment applications due to their high surface area, high strength, and renewable, biocompatible nature. The abundance of hydroxyl functional groups on the surfaces of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) enables a broad range of surface modifications which results in propitious nanocomposites with tunable characteristics. In this context, this review describes the continuously developing applications of nanocellulose-based materials in the areas of adsorption, catalysis, filtration, and flocculation, with a special emphasis on the removal of contaminants such as heavy metals, dyes, and pharmaceutical compounds from diverse water systems. Recent progresses in the diverse forms of application of nanocellulose adsorbents (suspension, hydrogel, aerogel, and membrane) are also highlighted. Finally, challenges and future perspectives on emerging nanocellulose-based materials and their possible industrial applications are presented and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bouthaina Aoudi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yaman Boluk
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Mohamed Gamal El-Din
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mohd Jamil NA, Jaffar SS, Saallah S, Misson M, Siddiquee S, Roslan J, Lenggoro W. Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Banana Peel Using One-Pot Microwave and Mild Oxidative Hydrolysis System. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3537. [PMID: 36234664 PMCID: PMC9565709 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The current investigation deals with the application of a one-pot system to facilitate the production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from banana peel by a combination of microwave pre-treatment and mild oxidative hydrolysis with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 0-30 wt%) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 0-10%). H2O2 causes decolorization of the banana peel suspension from dark brown to light yellow, while further treatment with H2SO4 produces a white suspension, indicating successful removal of the non-cellulosic components from the banana peel. This finding was further supported by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis, which showed the gradual disappearance of lignin and hemicellulose peaks with increasing H2O2 and H2SO4 concentrations. The CNCs has considerably high crystallinity, with the highest crystallinity (~85%) being obtained at 6% H2SO4. Therefore, CNCs obtained at 6% H2SO4 were selected for further characterization. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis confirmed the disintegration of the cellulose fibres into small fragments after hydrolysis. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) analyses revealed the spherical shape of the CNCs with an average size of approximately 20 nm. The CNCs have good stability with zeta potential of -42.9 mV. Findings from this study suggest that the combination of microwave pre-treatment and oxidative hydrolysis with 30 wt% H2O2 and 6% H2SO4, which is about 11 times lower than the commonly used H2SO4 concentration, is proven effective for the isolation of CNCs from banana peel. These observations are expected to provide insight into a facile and environmentally benign alternative to the conventional CNCs isolation method, using abundant and underutilized agricultural waste as feedstock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurhidayah Azmirah Mohd Jamil
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Marine Aquaculture Development Centre Menggatal, Department of Fisheries Sabah, Jalan Sepanggar, Kota Kinabalu 88450, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Syafiqah Syazwani Jaffar
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Suryani Saallah
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Mailin Misson
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Jumardi Roslan
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Wuled Lenggoro
- Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Norizan MN, Shazleen SS, Alias AH, Sabaruddin FA, Asyraf MRM, Zainudin ES, Abdullah N, Samsudin MS, Kamarudin SH, Norrrahim MNF. Nanocellulose-Based Nanocomposites for Sustainable Applications: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12193483. [PMID: 36234612 PMCID: PMC9565736 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose has emerged in recent years as one of the most notable green materials available due to its numerous appealing factors, including its non-toxic nature, biodegradability, high aspect ratio, superior mechanical capabilities, remarkable optical properties, anisotropic shape, high mechanical strength, excellent biocompatibility and tailorable surface chemistry. It is proving to be a promising material in a range of applications pertinent to the material engineering to biomedical applications. In this review, recent advances in the preparation, modification, and emerging application of nanocellulose, especially cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), are described and discussed based on the analysis of the latest investigations. This review presents an overview of general concepts in nanocellulose-based nanocomposites for sustainable applications. Beginning with a brief introduction of cellulose, nanocellulose sources, structural characteristics and the extraction process for those new to the area, we go on to more in-depth content. Following that, the research on techniques used to modify the surface properties of nanocellulose by functionalizing surface hydroxyl groups to impart desirable hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance, as well as their characteristics and functionalization strategies, were explained. The usage of nanocellulose in nanocomposites in versatile fields, as well as novel and foreseen markets of nanocellulose products, are also discussed. Finally, the difficulties, challenges and prospects of materials based on nanocellulose are then discussed in the last section for readers searching for future high-end eco-friendly functional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nurazzi Norizan
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Siti Shazra Shazleen
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aisyah Humaira Alias
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Atiyah Sabaruddin
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf
- Engineering Design Research Group (EDRG), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Edi Syams Zainudin
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norli Abdullah
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Saiful Samsudin
- Environmental Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hasnah Kamarudin
- Department of Ecotechnology, School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Norfarhana A, Ilyas R, Ngadi N. A review of nanocellulose adsorptive membrane as multifunctional wastewater treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
16
|
Alasfar RH, Kochkodan V, Ahzi S, Barth N, Koç M. Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone Membranes Reinforced with Cellulose Nanofibers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163317. [PMID: 36015574 PMCID: PMC9416018 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties of polymeric membranes are very important in water treatment applications. In this study, polysulfone (PSF) membranes with different loadings of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were prepared via the phase inversion method. CNF was characterized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pore morphology, mechanical properties, membrane performance and hydrophilicity of pure PSF membranes and PSF/CNF membranes were investigated. The changes in membrane pore structure with the addition of different CNF contents were observed using SEM images. It was shown that the calculated membrane pore sizes correlate with the membrane water fluxes. The pure water flux (PWF) of fabricated membranes increased with the addition of CNFs into the PSF matrix. It was shown that the optimal CNF loading of 0.3 wt.% CNF improved both the elastic modulus and yield stress of the PSF/CNF membranes by 34% and 32%, respectively (corresponds to values of 234.5 MPa and 5.03 MPa, respectively). This result indicates a strong interfacial interaction between the PSF matrix and the reinforced nanofibers. The calculated compaction factor (CF) showed that the membrane resistance to compaction could be improved with CNF reinforcement. Compared to pure PSF membrane, the hydrophilicity was significantly enhanced with the incorporation of 0.1 wt.%, 0.2 wt.% and 0.3 wt.% CNF, as shown by the water contact angle (WCA) results. It can be concluded that CNFs are homogeneously dispersed within the PSF matrix at CNF loading less than 0.5 wt.%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reema H. Alasfar
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- Correspondence:
| | - Viktor Kochkodan
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Said Ahzi
- ICUBE Laboratory—CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Barth
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Muammer Koç
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zou D, Zhong Z. Novel Membranes for Environmental Application. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060623. [PMID: 35736330 PMCID: PMC9229690 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China;
| | - Zhaoxiang Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China;
- National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC)-Based Functional Materials for Supercapacitor Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111828. [PMID: 35683684 PMCID: PMC9182373 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The growth of industrialization and the population has increased the usage of fossil fuels, resulting in the emission of large amounts of CO2. This serious environmental issue can be abated by using sustainable and environmentally friendly materials with promising novel and superior performance as an alternative to petroleum-based plastics. Emerging nanomaterials derived from abundant natural resources have received considerable attention as candidates to replace petroleum-based synthetic polymers. As renewable materials from biomass, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) nanomaterials exhibit unique physicochemical properties, low cost, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Among a plethora of applications, CNCs have become proven nanomaterials for energy applications encompassing energy storage devices and supercapacitors. This review highlights the recent research contribution on novel CNC-conductive materials and CNCs-based nanocomposites, focusing on their synthesis, surface functionalization and potential applications as supercapacitors (SCs). The synthesis of CNCs encompasses various pretreatment steps including acid hydrolysis, mechanical exfoliation and enzymatic and combination processes from renewable carbon sources. For the widespread applications of CNCs, their derivatives such as carboxylated CNCs, aldehyde-CNCs, hydride-CNCs and sulfonated CNC-based materials are more pertinent. The potential applications of CNCs-conductive hybrid composites as SCs, critical technical issues and the future feasibility of this endeavor are highlighted. Discussion is also extended to the transformation of renewable and low-attractive CNCs to conductive nanocomposites using green approaches. This review also addresses the key scientific achievements and industrial uses of nanoscale materials and composites for energy conversion and storage applications.
Collapse
|
19
|
Guo C, Guo H. Progress in the Degradability of Biodegradable Film Materials for Packaging. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050500. [PMID: 35629826 PMCID: PMC9143987 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In today’s world, the problem of “white pollution” is becoming more and more serious, and many countries have paid special attention to this problem, and it has become one of the most important tasks to reduce polymer waste and to protect the environment. Due to the degradability, safety, economy and practicality of biodegradable packaging film materials, biodegradable packaging film materials have become a major trend in the packaging industry to replace traditional packaging film materials, provided that the packaging performance requirements are met. This paper reviews the degradation mechanisms and performance characteristics of biodegradable packaging film materials, such as photodegradation, hydrodegradation, thermo-oxidative degradation and biodegradation, focuses on the research progress of the modification of biodegradable packaging film materials, and summarizes some challenges and bottlenecks of current biodegradable packaging film materials.
Collapse
|