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Zhao T, Tian Y, Zhao J, Sun D, Ma Y, Wang W, Yan W, Jiao P, Ma J. Loss of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphate-5 aggravates islet dysfunction in mice with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23437. [PMID: 38305849 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301479r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Impaired functionality and loss of islet β-cells are the primary abnormalities underlying the pathogenesis of both type 1 and 2 diabetes (T1DM and T2DM). However, specific therapeutic and preventive mechanisms underlying these conditions remain unclear. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-5 (MKP-5) has been implicated in carcinogenesis, lipid metabolism regulation, and immune cell activation. In a previous study, we demonstrated the involvement of exogenous MKP-5 in the regulation of obesity-induced T2DM. However, the role of endogenous MKP-5 in the T1DM and T2DM processes is unclear. Thus, mice with MKP-5 knockout (KO) were generated and used to establish mouse models of both T1DM and T2DM. Our results showed that MKP-5 KO exacerbated diabetes-related symptoms in mice with both T1DM and T2DM. Given that most phenotypic studies on islet dysfunction have focused on mice with T2DM rather than T1DM, we specifically aimed to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy in T2DM KO islets. To accomplish this, we performed RNA sequence analysis to gain comprehensive insight into the molecular mechanisms associated with ERS and autophagy in T2DM KO islets. The results showed that the islets from mice with MKP-5 KO triggered 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated autophagy inhibition and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP-78)-dominated ERS. Hence, we concluded that the autophagy impairment, resulting in islet dysfunction in mice with MKP-5 KO, is mediated through GRP-78 involvement. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular pathogenesis of diabetes and highlight the significant role of MKP-5. Moreover, this knowledge holds promise for novel therapeutic strategies targeting MKP-5 for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjian Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yafei Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongjun Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weiqun Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ping Jiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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2
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Piron A, Szymczak F, Papadopoulou T, Alvelos MI, Defrance M, Lenaerts T, Eizirik DL, Cnop M. RedRibbon: A new rank-rank hypergeometric overlap for gene and transcript expression signatures. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302203. [PMID: 38081640 PMCID: PMC10709657 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput omics technologies have generated a wealth of large protein, gene, and transcript datasets that have exacerbated the need for new methods to analyse and compare big datasets. Rank-rank hypergeometric overlap is an important threshold-free method to combine and visualize two ranked lists of P-values or fold-changes, usually from differential gene expression analyses. Here, we introduce a new rank-rank hypergeometric overlap-based method aimed at gene level and alternative splicing analyses at transcript or exon level, hitherto unreachable as transcript numbers are an order of magnitude larger than gene numbers. We tested the tool on synthetic and real datasets at gene and transcript levels to detect correlation and anticorrelation patterns and found it to be fast and accurate, even on very large datasets thanks to an evolutionary algorithm-based minimal P-value search. The tool comes with a ready-to-use permutation scheme allowing the computation of adjusted P-values at low time cost. The package compatibility mode is a drop-in replacement to previous packages. RedRibbon holds the promise to accurately extricate detailed information from large comparative analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Piron
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), Brussels, Belgium
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 Machine Learning Group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florian Szymczak
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Theodora Papadopoulou
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Inês Alvelos
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Defrance
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), Brussels, Belgium
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 Machine Learning Group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tom Lenaerts
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), Brussels, Belgium
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 Machine Learning Group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Artificial Intelligence Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Décio L Eizirik
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Huang F, Lai J, Qian L, Hong W, Li LC. Differentiation of Uc-MSCs into insulin secreting islet-like clusters by trypsin through TGF-beta signaling pathway. Differentiation 2024; 135:100744. [PMID: 38128465 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.100744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (Uc-MSCs) into islet-like clusters which are capable of synthesizing and secreting insulin can potentially serve as donors for islet transplantation in the patient deficiency in islet β cell function both in type 1 or type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, we developed an easy and higher efficacy approach by trypsinazing the Uc-MSCs and followed culture in differentiation medium to induce of Uc-MSCs differentiation into islet-like clusters, and the potential mechanism that in the early stage of differentiation was also investigated by using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics. Results show that induction efficacy was reached to 98% and TGF-β signaling pathway may play critical role in the early stage differentiation, it was further confirmed that the retardant effect of differentiation progress either in cell morphology or in islet specific genes expression can be observed upon blocking the activation of TGF-β signaling pathway using specific inhibitor of LY2109761 (TβRI/II kinase inhibitor). Our current study, for the first time, development a protocol for differentiation of Uc-MSCs into islet-like clusters, and revealed the importance of TGF-β signaling pathway in the early stage of differentiation of Uc-MSCs into islet-like clusters. Our study will provide alternative approach for clinical treatment of either type I or type II diabtes mellitus with dysfunctional pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feirong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jiashuang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lixia Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wanjin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673, Singapore.
| | - Liang-Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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4
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Kowluru A. Regulatory roles of CARD9-BCL10-Rac1 (CBR) signalome in islet β-cell function in health and metabolic stress: Is there room for MALT1? Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115889. [PMID: 37991197 PMCID: PMC10872519 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that pancreatic islet β-cell failure and the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) constitute an intricate interplay between the genetic expression of the disease and a host of intracellular events including increased metabolic (oxidative, endoplasmic reticulum) stress under the duress of glucolipotoxicity. Emerging evidence implicates unique roles for Caspase Recruitment Domain containing protein 9 (CARD9) in the onset of metabolic diseases, including obesity and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, CARD9 has been implicated in the regulation of p38MAPK and NFkB signaling pathways culminating in cellular dysfunction. Several regulatory factors, including B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 (BCL10) have been identified as modulators of CARD9 function in multiple cell types. Despite this evidence on regulatory roles of CARD9-BCL10 signalome in the onset of various pathological states, putative roles of this signaling module in islet β-cell dysfunction in metabolic stress remain less understood. This brief review is aimed at highlighting roles for CARD9 in islet β-cell function under acute (physiological insulin secretion) and long-term (cell dysfunction) exposure to glucose. Emerging roles of other signaling proteins, such as Rac1, BCL10 and MALT1 as contributors to CARD9 signaling in the islet β-cells are also reviewed. Potential avenues for future research toward the development of novel therapeutics for the prevention CARD9-BCL10-Rac1 (CBR) signalome-induced β-cell defects under metabolic stress are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjaneyulu Kowluru
- Biomedical Research Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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5
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Mishra S, Bentley-Hewitt K, McGhie T, Fraser K, Hedderley D, Martell S, Dinnan H, Monro J. Effects of Daily Ingestion of Two SunGold Kiwifruit for 6 Weeks on Metabolic and Inflammatory Biomarkers: A Randomized, Cross-Over, Exploratory Intervention Study. Foods 2023; 12:4236. [PMID: 38231672 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Kiwifruit contain many components, some considered beneficial, such as vitamins, phytochemicals and dietary fibre, and others potentially harmful, such as fructose and glucose in fruit sugars. In a 6-week, randomised, crossover study aimed at exploring the net effects of daily consumption of kiwifruit, 23 healthy participants consumed two Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis 'Zesy002' (marketed as Zespri™ SunGold™ Kiwifruit) per day as part of their customary diet (intervention) or without kiwifruit (control) as their customary diet for 6 weeks in a cross-over study. Anthropometric data, venous blood, and urine samples were collected at the start and end of the 6-week intervention and control periods for the measurement of physical changes, plasma glucose, insulin, glycated haemoglobin, short-chain fatty acids, blood lipids, uric acid, inflammatory biomarkers, and urinary ascorbic acid. Variables were measured between the start and finish of interventions, and between intervention and control periods. Food diaries were completed on the 3 days before blood sampling to estimate dietary ascorbic acid and dietary fibre intakes. Despite urinary vitamin C and food diaries indicating compliance, and good precision in measurements, there were no appreciable changes in biomarkers during the study, either within or between intervention and control periods, that would indicate a change in health status. Thus, the sizes of any effects of kiwifruit ingestion were too small to become significant under the test conditions used, indicating a high probability that daily ingestion of two SunGold kiwifruit is safe with respect to metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mishra
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Kerry Bentley-Hewitt
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Tony McGhie
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, University Avenue, Fitzherbert, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| | - Duncan Hedderley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Sheridan Martell
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Hannah Dinnan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - John Monro
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, University Avenue, Fitzherbert, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
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Yildirim V, Sheraton VM, Brands R, Crielaard L, Quax R, van Riel NA, Stronks K, Nicolaou M, Sloot PM. A data-driven computational model for obesity-driven diabetes onset and remission through weight loss. iScience 2023; 26:108324. [PMID: 38026205 PMCID: PMC10665812 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), where a sustained weight loss may result in T2D remission in individuals with obesity. To design effective and feasible intervention strategies to prevent or reverse T2D, it is imperative to study the progression of T2D and remission together. Unfortunately, this is not possible through experimental and observational studies. To address this issue, we introduce a data-driven computational model and use human data to investigate the progression of T2D with obesity and remission through weight loss on the same timeline. We identify thresholds for the emergence of T2D and necessary conditions for remission. We explain why remission is only possible within a window of opportunity and the way that window depends on the progression history of T2D, individual's metabolic state, and calorie restrictions. These findings can help to optimize therapeutic intervention strategies for T2D prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vehpi Yildirim
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, 1012 GC Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vivek M. Sheraton
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, 1012 GC Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Computational Science Lab, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1100 DD Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud Brands
- AMRIF B.V., Agro Business Park, 6708 PW Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Loes Crielaard
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, 1012 GC Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Quax
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, 1012 GC Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Computational Science Lab, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natal A.W. van Riel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Experimental and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1100 DD Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karien Stronks
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, 1012 GC Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mary Nicolaou
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, 1012 GC Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter M.A. Sloot
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, 1012 GC Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Computational Science Lab, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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7
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Yoo HS, Moss KO, Cockrum MA, Woo W, Napoli JL. Energy status regulates levels of the RAR/RXR ligand 9-cis-retinoic acid in mammalian tissues: Glucose reduces its synthesis in β-cells. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105255. [PMID: 37714463 PMCID: PMC10582780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
9-cis-retinoic acid (9cRA) binds retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR) with nanomolar affinities, in contrast to all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), which binds only RAR with nanomolar affinities. RXR heterodimerize with type II nuclear receptors, including RAR, to regulate a vast gene array. Despite much effort, 9cRA has not been identified as an endogenous retinoid, other than in pancreas. By revising tissue analysis methods, 9cRA quantification by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry becomes possible in all mouse tissues analyzed. 9cRA occurs in concentrations similar to or greater than atRA. Fasting increases 9cRA in white and brown adipose, brain and pancreas, while increasing atRA in white adipose, liver and pancreas. 9cRA supports FoxO1 actions in pancreas β-cells and counteracts glucose actions that lead to glucotoxicity; in part by inducing Atg7 mRNA, which encodes the key enzyme essential for autophagy. Glucose suppresses 9cRA biosynthesis in the β-cell lines 832/13 and MIN6. Glucose reduces 9cRA biosynthesis in 832/13 cells by inhibiting Rdh5 transcription, unconnected to insulin, through cAMP and Akt, and inhibiting FoxO1. Through adapting tissue specifically to fasting, 9cRA would act independent of atRA. Widespread occurrence of 9cRA in vivo, and its self-sufficient adaptation to energy status, provides new perspectives into regulation of energy balance, attenuation of insulin and glucose actions, regulation of type II nuclear receptors, and retinoid biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sik Yoo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Kristin Obrochta Moss
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Michael A Cockrum
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Wonsik Woo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Joseph L Napoli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
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8
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Markelic M, Stancic A, Saksida T, Grigorov I, Micanovic D, Velickovic K, Martinovic V, Savic N, Gudelj A, Otasevic V. Defining the ferroptotic phenotype of beta cells in type 1 diabetes and its inhibition as a potential antidiabetic strategy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1227498. [PMID: 37600723 PMCID: PMC10437050 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1227498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recently, the involvement of ferroptotic cell death in the reduction of β-cell mass in diabetes has been demonstrated. To elucidate the mechanisms of β-cell ferroptosis and potential antidiabetic effects of the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) in vivo, a mouse model of type 1 diabetes (T1D) was used. Methods Animals were divided into three groups: control (vehicle-treated), diabetic (streptozotocin-treated, 40 mg/kg, from days 1-5), and diabetic treated with Fer-1 (1 mg/kg, from days 1-21). On day 22, glycemia and insulinemia were measured and pancreases were isolated for microscopic analyses. Results Diabetes disturbed general parameters of β-cell mass (islet size, β-cell abundance and distribution) and health (insulin and PDX-1 expression), increased lipid peroxidation in islet cells, and phagocytic removal of iron-containing material. It also downregulated the main players of the antiferroptotic pathway - Nrf2, GPX4, and xCT. In contrast, Fer-1 ameliorated the signs of deterioration of β-cell/islets, decreased lipid peroxidation, and reduced phagocytic activity, while upregulated expression of Nrf2 (and its nuclear translocation), GPX4, and xCT in β-cell/islets. Discussion Overall, our study confirms ferroptosis as an important mode of β-cell death in T1D and suggests antiferroptotic agents as a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Markelic
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Stancic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Saksida
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilijana Grigorov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragica Micanovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ksenija Velickovic
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Martinovic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena Savic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andjelija Gudelj
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Otasevic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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9
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Vargas-Uricoechea H, Frias JP, Vargas-Sierra HD. Fixed-ratio Combinations (basal Insulin Plus GLP-1RA) In Type 2 Diabetes. an Analytical Review Of Pivotal Clinical Trials. Rev Diabet Stud 2023; 19:14-27. [PMID: 37185053 PMCID: PMC10082333 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2023.19.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In type 2 diabetes, therapeutic failure to the oral anti diabetics is frequent, the use of schemes with basal insulin or with multiple doses of insulin (basal insulin and short-acting insulins) are a widely accepted way to intensify therapy. The use of GLP-1 receptor agonists is another intensification strategy. The fixedratio combinations with molecules such as insulin degludec + liraglutide, and insulin glargine + lixisenatide have proven useful in intensifying treatment of individuals with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this review was to evaluate and analyze the results of pivotal studies with both fixed-ratio combinations in individuals with type 2 diabetes, finding that, they are capable of achieving better glycemic control when compared with each of its components separately (with a lower risk of hypoglycemia vs basal insulin and lower risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects vs GLP-1 receptor agonists) in various clinical scenarios, especially in individuals who do not achieve control with oral antidiabetics or who do not achieve control with basal insulin (associated with oral antidiabetics) or in those under management with GLP-1RA plus oral antidiabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea
- Metabolic Diseases Study Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Colombia
| | | | - Hernando David Vargas-Sierra
- Metabolic Diseases Study Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Colombia. Fellowship in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín-Colombia
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10
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Luo J, Chen Z, Guo Q, Chai Y, Bao Y. Effects of saponins isolated from Polygonatum sibiricum on H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in RIN-m5F cells and its protective effect on pancreas. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113724. [PMID: 36935075 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The damage of islet cells caused by oxidative stress is closely related to diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of saponins isolated from polygonatum sibiricum (PSS) on pancreas injury by using in vitro and in vivo models. The oxidative stress model of RIN-m5F cells induced by H2O2 was established. We found that PSS could decrease the apoptosis of RIN-m5F cells under oxidative stress. After PSS treatment, ROS and MDA levels in cells significantly decreased. Moreover, the levels of SOD and GSH were significantly increased. PSS could increase the insulin secretion level of cells under oxidative stress. The expression level of intracellular Bcl-2 increased, and the expression levels of Bax, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 decreased significantly. In addition, the type 2 diabetes mouse model was established. The results showed that PSS had a protective effect on the injury of the pancreas in T2DM mice. PSS can relieve oxidative stress and high glucose-mediated pancreas cytotoxicity. PSS may be a promising candidate for diabetes intervention and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Luo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Zefu Chen
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Qingqi Guo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yangyang Chai
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150040, PR China.
| | - Yihong Bao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150040, PR China
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11
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Zhao D, Zhang X, Bian Y, Meng L, Wu Y, Ma Y, Li C, Wang J, Fu Z, Dai J, Yin D, Lin S, Hu J. Taurine reduces apoptosis mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress in islet β-cells induced by high-fat and -glucose diets. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113700. [PMID: 36863558 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Poor eating habits, especially high-fat and -glucose diets intake, can lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in islet β-cells, insulin resistance, and islet β-cell dysfunction and cause islet β-cell apoptosis, which leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Taurine is a crucial amino acid in the human body. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism through which taurine reduces glycolipid toxicity. INS-1 islet β-cell lines were cultured with a high concentration of fat and glucose. SD rats were fed a high-fat and -glucose diet. MTS, Transmission electron microscopy, Flow cytometry, Hematoxylin-eosin, TUNEL, Western blotting analysis and other methods were used to detect relevant indicators. The research found that taurine increases the cell activity, reduces the apoptosis rate, alleviates the structural changes of ER under high-fat and -glucose exposure models. In addition, taurine improves blood lipid content and islets pathological changes, regulates the relative protein expression in ER stress and apoptosis, increases the insulin sensitivity index (HOMA-IS), and reduces the insulin resistance index (HOMAC-IR) of SD rats fed with a high-fat and -glucose diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Xiaozhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Yongxin Bian
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Lu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Yutong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Yidi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Chen Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Zizheng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Jingyuan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Deqi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Shumei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Jianmin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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12
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Chauhan LK, Chopra J, Vanangamudi M, Tripathi IP, Bhargava A, Goswami AK, Baroliya PK. Hydroxytriazenes incorporating sulphonamide derivatives: evaluation of antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, and computational study. Mol Divers 2023; 27:223-237. [PMID: 35414151 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10420-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The existent investigation deals with synthesis, characterization, computational analysis, and biological activities of some hydroxytriazene derivatives containing sulphonamide moiety. The compounds were screened for antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The antidiabetic activity was assessed using α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays with IC50 values ranging from 32.0 to 759.13 μg/mL and 157.77 to 340.47 μg/mL while standard drug acarbose showed IC50 values 12.21 and 69.74 μg/mL, respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays with IC50 value ranging from 54.01 to 912.66 μg/mL and 33.22 to 128.11 μg/mL, and standard drug ascorbic acid showed IC50 values 29.12 μg/mL and 69.13 μg/mL, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity was investigated using the carrageenan-induced paw edema method, where percentage inhibition was up to 93.0 and 98.57 for 2 h and 4 h, respectively, and all the compounds were found to exhibit excellent anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, prediction of activity spectra for substance and molecular docking were also performed. The PASS prediction hypothesized the potential of the compounds for anti-inflammatory activity, and docking results suggested the best binding pose for compounds 1b and 2b with the least energy value from which compounds can be considered as potent COX-2 inhibitors. Furthermore, possible interactions between hydroxytriazene analogues and the targets of antioxidant NADPH oxidase and antidiabetic human maltase-glucoamylase enzyme have been identified. The HOMO and LUMO analysis revealed charge transfer within the compounds. These findings suggested that the synthesized compounds can be potential agents for the treatment of diabetes and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi K Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
| | - Jaishri Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
| | - Murugesan Vanangamudi
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Tirupathi, India.,Amity Institute of Pharmacy (AIP), Amity University Madhya Pradesh (AUMP), Gwalior, India
| | - Indra P Tripathi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Gramoday Chitrakoot Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna, India
| | - Amit Bhargava
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Studies, Bhupal Noble Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Udaipur, India
| | - Ajay K Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
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13
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Pilśniak A, Otto-Buczkowska E. Type 1 diabetes - What's new in prevention and therapeutic strategies? Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2023; 29:196-201. [PMID: 38031834 PMCID: PMC10679919 DOI: 10.5114/pedm.2023.132028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder, and insulin deficiency is the result of b-cell dysfunction. Treatment of type 1 diabetes requires constant parenteral insulin administration, which can be very burdensome for the patient. Meticulous use of insulin therapy does not protect the patient against complications. Hence, the search for other methods of treatment as well as ways of preventing the onset of diabetes has been ongoing for a long time. The main obstacle in the implementation of the prevention task is the need to identify people at risk of developing diabetes before the start of autoimmunity. It seems that primary prevention is still unrealistic at the moment, because we do not know all the factors leading to the activation of autoimmunity processes. Research on the use of late secondary prevention in people who develop glucose tolerance disorders or in the early period after the onset of type 1 diabetes are at the most advanced stage. Gene therapy is another attempt at an alternative treatment and prevention of type 1 diabetes and still requires further research. Recent years have brought a lot of information about the nature of type 1 diabetes and the mechanisms leading to its development. However, it has not yet been established what factors decide about the initiation of autoimmunity and what determines the dynamics of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pilśniak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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14
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Contreras CJ, Mukherjee N, Branco RCS, Lin L, Hogan MF, Cai EP, Oberst AA, Kahn SE, Templin AT. RIPK1 and RIPK3 regulate TNFα-induced β-cell death in concert with caspase activity. Mol Metab 2022; 65:101582. [PMID: 36030035 PMCID: PMC9464965 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by autoimmune-associated β-cell loss, insulin insufficiency, and hyperglycemia. Although TNFα signaling is associated with β-cell loss and hyperglycemia in non-obese diabetic mice and human T1D, the molecular mechanisms of β-cell TNF receptor signaling have not been fully characterized. Based on work in other cell types, we hypothesized that receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) regulate TNFα-induced β-cell death in concert with caspase activity. METHODS We evaluated TNFα-induced cell death, caspase activity, and TNF receptor pathway molecule expression in immortalized NIT-1 and INS-1 β-cell lines and primary mouse islet cells in vitro. Our studies utilized genetic and small molecule approaches to alter RIPK1 and RIPK3 expression and caspase activity to interrogate mechanisms of TNFα-induced β-cell death. We used the β-cell toxin streptozotocin (STZ) to determine the susceptibility of Ripk3+/+ and Ripk3-/- mice to hyperglycemia in vivo. RESULTS Expression of TNF receptor signaling molecules including RIPK1 and RIPK3 was identified in NIT-1 and INS-1 β cells and isolated mouse islets at the mRNA and protein levels. TNFα treatment increased NIT-1 and INS-1 cell death and caspase activity after 24-48 h, and BV6, a small molecule inhibitor of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) amplified this TNFα-induced cell death. RIPK1 deficient NIT-1 cells were protected from TNFα- and BV6-induced cell death and caspase activation. Interestingly, small molecule inhibition of caspases with zVAD-fmk (zVAD) did not prevent TNFα-induced cell death in either NIT-1 or INS-1 cells. This caspase-independent cell death was increased by BV6 treatment and decreased in RIPK1 deficient NIT-1 cells. RIPK3 deficient NIT-1 cells and RIPK3 kinase inhibitor treated INS-1 cells were protected from TNFα+zVAD-induced cell death, whereas RIPK3 overexpression increased INS-1 cell death and promoted RIPK3 and MLKL interaction under TNFα+zVAD treatment. In mouse islet cells, BV6 or zVAD treatment promoted TNFα-induced cell death, and TNFα+zVAD-induced cell death was blocked by RIPK3 inhibition and in Ripk3-/- islet cells in vitro. Ripk3-/- mice were also protected from STZ-induced hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in vivo. CONCLUSIONS RIPK1 and RIPK3 regulate TNFα-induced β-cell death in concert with caspase activity in immortalized and primary islet β cells. TNF receptor signaling molecules such as RIPK1 and RIPK3 may represent novel therapeutic targets to promote β-cell survival and glucose homeostasis in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Contreras
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Roudebush VA Medical Center and Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Noyonika Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Renato C S Branco
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Meghan F Hogan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erica P Cai
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew A Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steven E Kahn
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew T Templin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Roudebush VA Medical Center and Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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15
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Targeting Ceramides and Adiponectin Receptors in the Islet of Langerhans for Treating Diabetes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186117. [PMID: 36144859 PMCID: PMC9502927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides belong to the sphingolipid family and represent the central hub of the sphingolipid network. In obesity, oversupply of saturated fatty acids including palmitate raises ceramide levels which can be detrimental to cells. Elevated ceramides can cause insulin resistance, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Studies over the last few decades have highlighted the role played by ceramides in pancreatic islet β-cell apoptosis, especially under glucolipotoxic and inflammatory conditions. This review focuses on ceramides and adiponectin receptor signaling, summarizing recent advancements in our understanding of their roles in islet β-cells and the discovery of zinc-dependent lipid hydrolase (ceramidase) activity of adiponectin receptors. The therapeutic potential of targeting these events to prevent islet β-cell loss for treating diabetes is discussed.
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16
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Gvazava IG, Karimova MV, Vasiliev AV, Vorotelyak EA. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenic Features and Experimental Models in Rodents. Acta Naturae 2022; 14:57-68. [PMID: 36348712 PMCID: PMC9611859 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common endocrine disorder (90%) in the world; it has numerous clinical, immunological, and genetic differences from type 1 diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of T2DM is complex and not fully clear. To date, animal models remain the main tool by which to study the pathophysiology and therapy of T2DM. Rodents are considered the best choice among animal models, because they are characterized by a small size, short induction period, easy diabetes induction, and economic efficiency. This review summarizes data on experimental models of T2DM that are currently used, evaluates their advantages and disadvantages vis-a-vis research, and describes in detail the factors that should be taken into account when using these models. Selection of a suitable model for tackling a particular issue is not always trivial; it affects study results and their interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. G. Gvazava
- Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - M. V. Karimova
- Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - A. V. Vasiliev
- Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234 Russia
| | - E. A. Vorotelyak
- Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234 Russia
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17
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Gamage S, Hali M, Chen F, Kowluru A. CARD9 Mediates Pancreatic Islet Beta-Cell Dysfunction Under the Duress of Hyperglycemic Stress. Cell Physiol Biochem 2022; 56:120-137. [PMID: 35362297 PMCID: PMC9150799 DOI: 10.33594/000000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Published evidence implicates Caspase recruitment domain containing protein 9 (CARD9) in innate immunity. Given its recently suggested roles in obesity and insulin resistance, we investigated its regulatory role(s) in the onset of islet beta cell dysfunction under chronic hyperglycemic (metabolic stress) conditions. METHODS Islets from mouse pancreas were isolated by the collagenase digestion method. Expression of CARD9 was suppressed in INS-1 832/13 cells by siRNA transfection using the DharmaFect1 reagent. The degree of activation of Rac1 was assessed by a pull-down assay kit. Interactions between CARD9, RhoGDIβ and Rac1 under metabolic stress conditions were determined by co-immunoprecipitation assay. The degree of phosphorylation of stress kinases was assessed using antibodies directed against phosphorylated forms of the respective kinases. RESULTS CARD9 expression is significantly increased following exposure to high glucose, not to mannitol (both at 20 mM; 24 hrs.) in INS-1 832/13 cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of CARD9 significantly attenuated high glucose-induced activation of Rac1 and phosphorylation of p38MAPK and p65 subunit of NF-κB (RelA), without significantly impacting high glucose-induced effects on JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 activities. CARD9 depletion also suppressed high glucose-induced CHOP expression (a marker for endoplasmic reticulum stress) in these cells. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed increased association between CARD9-RhoGDIβ and decreased association between RhoGDIβ-Rac1 in cells cultured under high glucose conditions. CONCLUSION Based on these data, we conclude that CARD9 regulates activation of Rac1-p38MAPK-NFκB signaling pathway leading to functional abnormalities in beta cells under metabolic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhadinie Gamage
- Biomedical Research Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mirabela Hali
- Biomedical Research Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, and Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Anjaneyulu Kowluru
- Biomedical Research Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA,
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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18
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Aliusef MH, Gnyloskurenko GV, Churylina AV, Mityuryayeva IO. Clustering patterns of metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study in children and adolescents in Kyiv. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:972975. [PMID: 36419920 PMCID: PMC9677097 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.972975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: to identify subgroups by cluster analysis according parameters: original homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-1 IR), updated computer model of insulin resistance (HOMA-2 IR), β-cell function (%B) and insulin sensitivity (%S) for the prognosis of different variants of metabolic syndrome in children for more individualized treatment selection. PATIENTS AND METHODS The observational cross-sectional study on 75 children aged from 10 to 17 with metabolic syndrome according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria was conducted at the Cardiology Department of Children's Clinical Hospital No.6 in Kyiv. HOMA-1 IR was calculated as follows: fasting insulin (µIU/ml) × fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5. HOMA-2 IR with %B and %S were calculated according to the computer model in [http://www.dtu.ox.ac.uk]. All biochemical analysis were carried out using Cobas 6000 analyzer and Roche Diagnostics (Switzerland). The statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA 7.0 and Easy R. The hierarchical method Ward was used for cluster analysis according the parameters: HOMA-1 IR, HOMA-2 IR, %B and %S. RESULTS Four clusters were identified from the dendrogram, which could predict four variants in the course of metabolic syndrome such that children in cluster 1 would have the worst values of the studied parameters and those in cluster 4 - the best. It was found that HOMA-1 IR was much higher in cluster 1 (6.32 ± 0.66) than in cluster 4 (2.19 ± 0.13). HOMA-2 IR was also much higher in cluster 1 (3.80 ± 0.34) than in cluster 4 (1.31 ± 0.06). By the analysis of variance using Scheffe's multiple comparison method, a statistically significant difference was obtained between the laboratory parameters among the subgroups: HOMA-1 IR (p < 0,001), glucose (p < 0.001), insulin (p < 0,001), HOMA-2 IR (p < 0.001), %B (p < 0.001), %S (p < 0.001), TG ( p = 0.005) and VLDL-C (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS A cluster analysis revealed that the first two subgroups of children had the worst insulin resistance and lipid profile parameters. It was found positive correlation between HOMA-1 IR, HOMA-2 IR, %B and %S with lipid metabolism parameters TG and VLDL-C and negative correlation between %B and HDL-C in children with metabolic syndrome (MetS).The risk of getting a high TG result in the blood analysis in children with MetS was significantly dependent with the HOMA-2 IR >2.26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiia H Aliusef
- Department of Pediatrics, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Alina V Churylina
- Department of Pediatrics, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Inga O Mityuryayeva
- Department of Pediatrics, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Passarelli M, Machado UF. AGEs-Induced and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/Inflammation-Mediated Regulation of GLUT4 Expression and Atherogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus. Cells 2021; 11:104. [PMID: 35011666 PMCID: PMC8750246 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, complex and exquisite pathways involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and inflammatory stress responses have been demonstrated to participate in the development and progression of numerous diseases, among them diabetes mellitus (DM). In those pathways, several players participate in both, reflecting a complicated interplay between ER and inflammatory stress. In DM, ER and inflammatory stress are involved in both the pathogenesis of the loss of glycemic control and the development of degenerative complications. Furthermore, hyperglycemia increases the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which in turn refeed ER and inflammatory stress, contributing to worsening glycemic homeostasis and to accelerating the development of DM complications. In this review, we present the current knowledge regarding AGEs-induced and ER/inflammation-mediated regulation of the expression of GLUT4 (solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4), as a marker of glycemic homeostasis and of cardiovascular disease (CVD) development/progression, as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Passarelli
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil;
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil
| | - Ubiratan Fabres Machado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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20
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He W, Zhou H, He X. Aloperine protects beta-cells against streptozocin-induced injury to attenuate diabetes by targeting NOS1. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 916:174721. [PMID: 34954231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a metabolic dysfunction characterized by the selective destruction of islet β-cells, with oxidative stress playing an essential role in the manifestation of this disease state. Aloperine (ALO) represents the main active alkaloid extracted from the traditional Chinese herbal Sophora alopecuroidesL. and features outstanding antioxidative properties. In this study, T1D was induced by a single high dose streptozotocin (STZ, 150 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) in mice. Diabetic animals were intragastrically administered ALO at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day. Notably, treatment of ALO (50 mg/kg/day) for seven consecutive days could observably reverse the onset of diabetes induced by STZ accompanied by weight gain, lower blood glucose levels, and relief of β-cells damage. Our in vitro study further demonstrated that ALO protected β-cells from STZ/hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage as manifested by increased expression of MnSOD and CAT. Furthermore, a network pharmacology study revealed that NOS1 represented the main target of ALO. Mechanistic studies subsequently showed that treatment of ALO increased the expression of NOS1, whereas NOS2 was decreased. Moreover, a docking study carried out suggested that ALO could fit into the binding pocket of human NOS1 and molecular dynamics simulation further validated this docking event. Collectively, the administration of ALO prior to diabetes could be a viable approach to the prevention of β-cell injury. This study may offer a novel potential herbal medicine against T1D and may further help improve the understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of ALO-mediated protection against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi He
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Haifeng Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430043, China; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China.
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