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Kim S, Rahim MA, Tajdozian H, Barman I, Park HA, Yoon Y, Jo S, Lee S, Shuvo MSH, Bae SH, Lee H, Ju S, Park CE, Kim HK, Han JH, Kim JW, Yoon SG, Kim JH, Choi YG, Lee S, Seo H, Song HY. Clinical Potential of Novel Microbial Therapeutic LP51 Based on Xerosis-Microbiome Index. Cells 2024; 13:2029. [PMID: 39682776 PMCID: PMC11639849 DOI: 10.3390/cells13232029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Xerosis, characterized by dry, rough skin, causes discomfort and aesthetic concerns, necessitating effective treatment. Traditional treatments often show limited efficacy, prompting the need for innovative therapies. This study highlights the efficacy of microbiome therapeutic LP51, derived from a healthy vaginal microbiome, in improving xerosis. A double-blind clinical trial involving 43 subjects with dry inner arm skin compared the effects of a 2.9% LP51 extract formulation to a placebo over 4 weeks. The LP51 group exhibited a significant increase in stratum corneum hydration (10.0 A.U.) compared to the placebo group (4.8 A.U.) and a 21.4% decrease in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), whereas the placebo group showed no significant change. LP51 also demonstrated benefits in enhancing skin hydration, improving the skin barrier, and exhibited anti-atopic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Safety was confirmed through in vitro cytotoxicity tests. These effects are attributed to the microbiome-safe component in LP51 and its role in improving xerosis, reflected by an increase in the xerosis-microbiome index, defined by the Firmicutes/Actinobacteria ratio. These findings position microbiome therapeutic LP51 as a promising novel treatment for xerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukyung Kim
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Md Abdur Rahim
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Hanieh Tajdozian
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 31, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31151, Chungnam, Republic of Korea;
| | - Indrajeet Barman
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 31, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31151, Chungnam, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun-A Park
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Youjin Yoon
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 31, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31151, Chungnam, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sujin Jo
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 31, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31151, Chungnam, Republic of Korea;
| | - Soyeon Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 31, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31151, Chungnam, Republic of Korea;
| | - Md Sarower Hossen Shuvo
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 31, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31151, Chungnam, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung Hae Bae
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Sehee Ju
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Chae-eun Park
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 31, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31151, Chungnam, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ho-Kyoung Kim
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Jeung Hi Han
- Materials Science Research Institute, LABIO, Inc., 184 Gasan Digital 2-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08501, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (J.-W.K.); (S.g.Y.); (J.H.K.); (Y.G.C.)
| | - Ji-Woong Kim
- Materials Science Research Institute, LABIO, Inc., 184 Gasan Digital 2-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08501, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (J.-W.K.); (S.g.Y.); (J.H.K.); (Y.G.C.)
| | - Sung geon Yoon
- Materials Science Research Institute, LABIO, Inc., 184 Gasan Digital 2-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08501, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (J.-W.K.); (S.g.Y.); (J.H.K.); (Y.G.C.)
| | - Jae Hong Kim
- Materials Science Research Institute, LABIO, Inc., 184 Gasan Digital 2-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08501, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (J.-W.K.); (S.g.Y.); (J.H.K.); (Y.G.C.)
| | - Yang Gyu Choi
- Materials Science Research Institute, LABIO, Inc., 184 Gasan Digital 2-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08501, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (J.-W.K.); (S.g.Y.); (J.H.K.); (Y.G.C.)
| | - Saebim Lee
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Hoonhee Seo
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Ho-Yeon Song
- Human Microbiome Medical Center (HM·MRC), Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si 31538, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (M.A.R.); (H.T.); (I.B.); (H.-A.P.); (Y.Y.); (S.J.); (M.S.H.S.); (S.H.B.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (C.-e.P.); (H.-K.K.); (S.L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 31, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31151, Chungnam, Republic of Korea;
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Shirkhan F, Safaei F, Mirdamadi S, Zandi M. The Role of Probiotics in Skin Care: Advances, Challenges, and Future Needs. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:2132-2149. [PMID: 38965196 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The skin, being the largest organ in the human body, plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the body against invasive pathogens. Therefore, it is essential to reinforce and protect this vital organ. Current research supports the impact of probiotics on skin health and their ability to alleviate various skin disorders. However, the effectiveness and probable side effects of probiotics in skin care remain a subject of debate, necessitating further investigation and analysis. Hence, this study aims to highlight existing gaps and future needs in the current research on probiotics in skin care and pave the way for future investigations. Therefore, we scrutinized the effects of oral (fermented foods and dietary supplements) and non-oral/topical probiotics on skin care, and the mechanism of probiotics that affect skin health. The results of most studies showed that fermented foods containing probiotics, particularly dairy products, positively impact skin health. The research results regarding the efficacy of probiotic supplements and live strains in treating skin disorders show promising potential. However, safety evaluations are crucial, to identify any potential adverse effects. While research has identified numerous potential mechanisms by which probiotics may influence skin health, a complete understanding of their precise mode of action remains elusive. However, it seems that probiotics can exert their positive effects through the gut-skin and gut-skin-brain axis on the human body. Therefore, following the identification of safe probiotics, additional studies should be carried out to establish optimal dosages, potential side effects, suitable regulatory guidelines, and validation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Shirkhan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 19496-35881, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safaei
- Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Microbial Biotechnology Student in Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Microbial biotechnology, Tehran, 3353511, Iran
| | - Saeed Mirdamadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST), Tehran, 33131-93685, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Zandi
- Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, 3353511, Iran.
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Zhang X, Sun L, Wu M, Yu C, Zhao D, Wang L, Zhang Z, Yi D, Hou Y, Wu T. Effect of supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG powder on intestinal and liver damage in broiler chickens challenged by lipopolysaccharide. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1466274. [PMID: 39534507 PMCID: PMC11555397 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1466274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the effect of dietary along with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) powder on intestinal and liver damage in broiler chickens challenged by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 100 healthy 1-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were selected and randomly divided into two treatments: the control group and the LGG treatment group. There were five replicates for each group, with 10 chickens per replicate. The chickens in the control group were fed a basal diet, while LGG treatment was supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg LGG along with the basal diet. The experiment lasted 29 days, and the trial included two phases. During the first 27 days, the animals were weighed on the 14th and 27th days to calculate growth performance. Then, on day 29, 2 animals from each replicate were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg BW LPS, and another 2 animals were treated with an equal volume of saline. The chickens were slaughtered 3 h later for sampling and further analysis. (1) LGG addition to the diet did not affect growth performance, including average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed-to-weight ratio (F/G) of broiler chickens; (2) LPS stimulation decreased villus height (VH), and caused oxidative stress and increased the amount of diamine oxidase (DAO) in plasma, and the relative expression of intestinal inflammation genes (interleukin-8 [IL-8], interleukin 1β [IL-1β], inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS], and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) and the relative expression of liver injury genes (b-cell lymphoma 2 [BCL2], heat shock protein70 [HSP70], and matrix metallopeptidase 13 [MMP13]). (3) Supplementation of LGG increased VH and the relative expression of intestinal barrier genes (mucins 2 [Mucin2] and occludin [Occludin]) and decreased the amount of DAO in plasma and the relative expression of intestinal inflammatory factors (IL-8, iNOS, and IL-1β). LGG supplementation also increased the expression of liver injury-related genes (MMP13 and MMP9). In conclusion, LGG enhanced intestinal barrier function, improved intestinal morphology, and alleviated the intestines' inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated broiler chicken, and it has a slightly protective effect on liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tao Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
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Arora R, Kaur R, Babbar R, Dhingra S, Dhingra AK, Grewal AS. Evolving Advances in the Cosmetic use of Probiotics and Postbiotics: Health, Regulatory and Marketing Aspects. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1349-1361. [PMID: 37403398 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230703115732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing development in cosmetics is increasingly making use of probiotics, which are defined as "live microorganisms with health-enhancing properties mediated through ingestion or topical application to the host". The observation that several bacterial strains augment normal processes of healthy tissue maintenance, particularly for the skin, has opened up new avenues for the use of bacterial strains in cosmetics. A principal feature of such "cosmeceuticals" is an application of increasing insight into the biochemical nature of the skin's normal microbial flora, also called its microbiome. The opportunity of manipulating the skin microbiome to address various skin disorders has revealed novel routes for treatment. The skin microbiome manipulation approaches to address various skin disorders include skin microbiome transplantation, skin bacteriotherapy, and prebiotic stimulation. Research in this field has revealed that medical outcome-targeted manipulation of skin microbiome bacterial strain makeup may significantly increase skin health and appearance. Commercial availability of probiotic skincare products is rapidly expanding worldwide due to satisfactory laboratory results and public perception of probiotics as being intrinsically more wholesome than other bioactive substances, such as synthetics. Major outcomes of probiotic use include a significant reduction in skin wrinkling, acne and other conditions adversely affecting skin appearance and healthy function. Moreover, probiotics may additionally promote normal skin hydration, resulting in a vibrant and lustrous appearance. Nevertheless, significant technical challenges remain for the full optimization of probiotics in cosmetic products. This article summarizes the evolving nature of this field and explores current probiotic research initiatives, along with regulatory aspects and significant challenges in the manufacturing of cosmetics in the context of market expansion for these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Rajwinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Ritchu Babbar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Smriti Dhingra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ajmer S Grewal
- Department of Pharmacy, Global Research Institute of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
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Chang TC, Cao JL, Lin YS, Huang SL. Enhanced antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibition, and anti-inflammatory activities of Praeparatum mungo and three of its derivatives. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21405. [PMID: 38049455 PMCID: PMC10696035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to explore the functions of Praeparatum mungo (PM) and three of its derivatives, Praeparatum mungo/turmeric (PM/T), Praeparatum mungo/bromelain (PM/B), and Praeparatum mungo/inorganic elements (PM/IE). The results indicated that additives included in the fermentation process of PM enhanced PM's antioxidant properties. PM/B exhibited the highest total phenolic content (19.18 ± 0.46 mg gallic acid equivalent/g), DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing power. PM/IE exhibited the highest ABTS free radical scavenging activity and chelating ferrous ion activity. PM/T exhibited the best inhibitory tyrosinase activity. The 625 μg/mL PM extract can extensively reduce nitric oxide production of RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by 1 μg/mL LPS and exhibited no cytotoxicity for anti-inflammatory applications. Additives in PM natural fermentation process can enhance antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibition, and anti-inflammatory properties of PM for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chin Chang
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Ling Cao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Sheng Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Ling Huang
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan.
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Shi J, Zhao G, Huang X, Li X, Ma Y, Yang K. Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Supplementation on Growth Performance, Immune Function, and Antioxidant Capacity of Newborn Foals. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 129:104501. [DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
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Shi J, Zhao G, Huang X, Li X, Ma Y, Yang K. Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Supplementation on Growth Performance, Immune Function, and Antioxidant Capacity of Newborn Foals. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 129:104501. [PMID: 37737196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) supplementation on the growth performance, immune function, and antioxidant capacity of foals. Fifteen newborn foals with similar birth weight (51.67 ± 6.07 kg) and good health were randomly assigned to three groups: control group and test groups I and II, which were supplemented with 5.0 × 109 CFU/day and 1.0 × 1010 CFU/day LGG, respectively, for 150 days. LGG intake increased the daily body height (P < .01) and weight (P < .01) gain of foals aged 120 to 150 days. The foals' IgA (P < .05) and IgG (P < .01) plasma levels increased at 30 and 150 days, respectively, and IL-6 plasma level increased at 90 days (P < .01). Plasma total antioxidant capacity level was significantly higher in test group I than in the control and test group II at 30 days (P < .01), whereas glutathione peroxidase level was significantly higher in test group II than in the control and test group I at 30 days (P < .01). Both test groups had significantly higher superoxide dismutase level than the control group (P < .01) and significantly decreased malondialdehyde plasma level at 90 and 150 days (P < .05). Overall, our findings indicate that dietary supplementation of LGG can improve the growth performance, immune function, and antioxidant capacity of newborn foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shi
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xinxin Huang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaobin Li
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuhui Ma
- Zhaosu animal Husbandry and Veterinary Development Center, Yili, China
| | - Kailun Yang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China.
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Chen HJ, Dai FJ, Chen CY, Fan SL, Zheng JH, Chau CF, Lin YS, Chen CS. Effects of molecular weight fraction on antioxidation capacity of rice protein hydrolysates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3464. [PMID: 36859456 PMCID: PMC9977952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice protein was used as a starting material to provide rice protein hydrolysates (RPH) through enzyme-assisted extraction. RPH was further fractionated using ultrafiltration membrane (UF) and classified by molecular weight (MW; MW < 1 kDa, MW 1-10 kDa, and MW > 10 kDa). Peptides with MW < 1 kDa possessed superior antioxidant properties (p < 0.05). Therefore, UF demonstrated great efficacy in selectively separating antioxidant peptides. A Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the total phenolic concentration was correlated with oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC; r = 0.999, p < 0.05). Amino acid contents had negative correlations with the scavenging activity (specifically, IC50) of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals (r = - 0.986 to - 1.000). Reducing power was related to aromatic amino acid contents (r = 0.997, p < 0.05). In this study, enzymatic hydrolysis was discovered to be an effective method of extracting and isolating natural antioxidant proteins from broken rice, thus preserving the nutritional quality of rice and making those proteins more accessible in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Chen
- grid.260542.70000 0004 0532 3749Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402204 Taiwan ,Healthmate Co., Ltd, Changhua, 500016 Taiwan
| | | | - Cheng-You Chen
- grid.412103.50000 0004 0622 7206Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 360302 Taiwan
| | | | - Ji-Hong Zheng
- grid.412103.50000 0004 0622 7206Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 360302 Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fai Chau
- grid.260542.70000 0004 0532 3749Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402204 Taiwan
| | - Yung-Sheng Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 360302, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 360302, Taiwan. .,Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Shuh Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402204, Taiwan.
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Potential anti-ageing effects of probiotic-derived conditioned media on human skin cells. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2022; 72:359-374. [PMID: 36651546 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2022-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the protective functions of bacteria-free conditioned media from Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species against ultraviolet radiation-induced skin ageing and associated cellular damage were investigated. The effects of ultraviolet radiation-induced reactive oxygen species production were suppressed by all conditioned media; particularly, the loss of cell viability and downregulation of collagen gene expression were significantly reversed by the conditioned media from B. longum and B. lactis. Further exa mination of potential anti-pigmentation effects revealed that the B. lactis-derived conditioned media significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanin production in human epidermal melanocytes. Further, the conditioned media suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal- related kinase, which functions as an upstream regulator of melanogenesis. Therefore, B. lactis-derived conditioned media can potentially protect against cellular damage involved in skin-ageing processes.
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Chandran C, Tham HY, Abdul Rahim R, Lim SHE, Yusoff K, Song AAL. Lactococcus lactis secreting phage lysins as a potential antimicrobial against multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12648. [PMID: 35251775 PMCID: PMC8896023 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic Gram-positive bacterium that can form biofilm and become resistant to many types of antibiotics. The treatment of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDRSA) infection is difficult since it possesses multiple antibiotic-resistant mechanisms. Endolysin and virion-associated peptidoglycan hydrolases (VAPGH) enzymes from bacteriophage have been identified as potential alternative antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to assess the ability of Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 secreting endolysin and VAPGH from S. aureus bacteriophage 88 to inhibit the growth of S. aureus PS 88, a MDRSA. METHOD Endolysin and VAPGH genes were cloned and expressed in L. lactis NZ9000 after fusion with the SPK1 signal peptide for secretion. The recombinant proteins were expressed and purified, then analyzed for antimicrobial activity using plate assay and turbidity reduction assay. In addition, the spent media of the recombinant lactococcal culture was analyzed for its ability to inhibit the growth of the S. aureus PS 88. RESULTS Extracellular recombinant endolysin (Endo88) and VAPGH (VAH88) was successfully expressed and secreted from L. lactis which was able to inhibit S. aureus PS 88, as shown by halozone formation on plate assays as well as inhibition of growth in the turbidity reduction assay. Moreover, it was observed that the spent media from L. lactis NZ9000 expressing Endo88 and VAH88 reduced the viability of PS 88 by up to 3.5-log reduction with Endo88 being more efficacious than VAH88. In addition, Endo88 was able to lyse all MRSA strains tested and Staphylococcus epidermidis but not the other bacteria while VAH88 could only lyse S. aureus PS 88. CONCLUSION Recombinant L. lactisNZ9000 expressing phage 88 endolysin may be potentially developed into a new antimicrobial agent for the treatment of MDRSA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carumathy Chandran
- Department of Microbiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Yun Tham
- Department of Microbiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Raha Abdul Rahim
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee Hua Erin Lim
- Health Science Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Department of Microbiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adelene Ai-Lian Song
- Department of Microbiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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11
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Raknam P, Balekar N, Teanpaisan R, Amnuaikit T. Thermoresponsive sol-gel containing probiotic's cell free supernatant for dental caries prophylaxis. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2012390. [PMID: 34992736 PMCID: PMC8725760 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.2012390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lactobacillus rhamnosus SD11 is a probiotic derived from the human oral cavity and has potential being used for dental prophylaxis. The cell free supernatant (CFS) of L. rhamnosus SD11 has good antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. Aim This study aimed to incorporate CFS of the probiotic into thermoresponsive copolymers to create a sol–gel formulation. Methods The sol–gel formulation was developed using Poloxamer 407 as the main polymer, which was mixed with natural polymers such as gellan gum, sodium alginate, and xyloglucan in different proportions. The sol–gel formulations were characterized based on their physicochemical parameters such as appearance, pH, viscosity, flow-ability in low temperature, antioxidant and antibacterial activity. An in vitro release study was performed using Franz’s diffusion cell and the stability was determined under freeze-thaw cycle conditions. Results The combination of 15% w/v of poloxamer 407 with 0.5% w/v of sodium alginate was the best sol–gel formulation to deliver the CFS of the probiotic. Conclusion This study was successful in creating a sol–gel formulation using a thermoresponsive copolymer, that could efficiently deliver CFS of the probiotic L. rhamnosus SD11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panithi Raknam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | | | - Rawee Teanpaisan
- Department of Stomatology and the Common Oral Diseases and Epidemiology Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Thanaporn Amnuaikit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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12
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Antioxidation and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Ability of Coffee Pulp Extract by Ethanol. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/8649618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Following petroleum, coffee is the second most commonly traded commodity globally. It is also a popular good with economic value, as well as value in terms of leisure and culture. However, coffee processing generates a large amount of waste, resulting in environmental concerns. Therefore, in this study, ethanol was used to extract coffee waste (coffee pulp). High-performance liquid chromatography was conducted to examine the caffeine content and chlorogenic acid content, and the antioxidant capacity (i.e., the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH-free radical scavenging capacity, ABTS-free radical scavenging capacity, and reductive capacity) and the tyrosinase inhibition capacity of the coffee pulp extracted using ethanol were comprehensively evaluated. Results. The results showed that the coffee pulp extract obtained using 70% ethanol had the highest tyrosinase inhibition capacity, whereas that obtained using 50% ethanol had the most satisfactory antioxidant capacity (total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH-free radical scavenging capacity, ABTS-free radical scavenging capacity, and reductive capacity). Conclusion. The results revealed that coffee pulp has superior antioxidant capacity and tyrosinase inhibition capacity when extracted by ethanol. Increasing the economic value of coffee pulp can solve the environmental concerns caused by coffee waste.
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Application of Liposome Encapsulating Lactobacillus curvatus Extract in Cosmetic Emulsion Lotion. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247571. [PMID: 34947163 PMCID: PMC8706523 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic extracts have various positive attributes, such as antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory, and antimicrobial activity. Lactobacillus curvatus produces bacteriocin, which activates the lipid membrane structure and has potential as a natural preservative for cosmetic emulsions. In this study, L. curvatus extract was encapsulated in liposomes and formulated as an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. Radical scavenging activity, tyrosinase inhibition, and challenge tests were conducted to confirm the liposome activity and the activity of the applied lotion emulsion. The liposome-encapsulated extract had a relatively high absolute ζ-potential (52.53 > 35.43), indicating its stability, and 96% permeability, which indicates its potential as an active agent in lotion emulsions. Characterization of emulsions containing the liposomes also indicated a stable state. The liposome-encapsulated extract exhibited a higher radical scavenging activity than samples without the extract and non-encapsulated samples, and the functionality was preserved in the lotion emulsion. The tyrosinase inhibition activity of the lotion emulsion with the liposome-encapsulated extract was similar to that of the non-treated extract. Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger were also inhibited in the challenge test with the lotion emulsions during storage. Collectively, these findings indicate that the liposome-encapsulated extract and the lotion containing the encapsulated extract have potential applicability as natural preservatives.
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Functionality of Silk Cocoon ( Bombyx mori L.) Sericin Extracts Obtained through High-Temperature Hydrothermal Method. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185314. [PMID: 34576538 PMCID: PMC8468092 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sericin, a textile waste, can be used for antioxidant and skin-whitening purposes. The hydrothermal method of extracting sericin is more eco-friendly than are chemical and enzymatic methods. In this study, silk cocoons were cut into pieces and then subjected to hydrothermal extraction at three temperatures (160, 200, and 220 °C) to obtain sericin extracts (Sericin160, Sericin200, and Sericin220, respectively). Antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition were measured to determine the extracts' effectiveness. Sericin220 was the strongest antioxidant, with total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and ferric reducing power of 62.19 ± 0.04 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight, 0.07 ± 0.01 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry weight, and 181.49 ± 0.024 mg vitamin C equivalent/g dry weight, respectively. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations for DPPH and ABTS free-radical scavenging ability were 6.41 ± 0.05 and 0.79 ± 0.37 mg/mL, respectively. Sericin220 also exhibited the highest tyrosinase inhibition activity (70.82 ± 4.1 mg vitamin C equivalent/g), indicating its whitening potential.
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15
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Wu CT, Wang WH, Lin WS, Hu SY, Chen CY, Chang MY, Lin YS, Li CP. Effects of Different Chenopodium formosanum Parts on Antioxidant Capacity and Optimal Extraction Analysis by Taguchi Method. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164679. [PMID: 34443200 PMCID: PMC8400637 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chenopodium formosanum (CF), rich in nutrients and antioxidants, is a native plant in Taiwan. During the harvest, the seeds are collected, while the roots, stems, and leaves remain on the field as agricultural waste. In this study, di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH) radical scavenging ability and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging ability experiments of seeds, leaves, stems, and roots were designed using the Taguchi method (TM) under three conditions: Ethanol concentration (0-100%), temperature (25-65 °C), and extraction time (30-150 min). The result demonstrates that seeds and leaves have higher radical scavenging ability than stems and roots. Many studies focused on CF seeds. Therefore, this study selected CF leaves and optimized DPPH, ABTS, total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and reducing power (RP) through TM, showing that the predicted value of the leaf is close to the actual value. The optimized results of CF leaves were DPPH 85.22%, ABTS 46.51%, TPC 116.54 µg GAE/mL, TFC 143.46 µg QE/mL, and RP 23.29 µg VCE (vitamin C equivalent)/mL. The DPPH and ABTS of CF leaves were second only to the results of CF seeds. It can be seen that CF leaves have the potential as a source of antioxidants and help in waste reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Tung Wu
- Bachelor Program in Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Future, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 640301, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Hsun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500209, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Department of Golden-Ager Industry Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821004, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan; (S.-Y.H.); (M.-Y.C.)
| | - Wen-Shin Lin
- Department of Plant Industry, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan;
| | - Shiou-Yih Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan; (S.-Y.H.); (M.-Y.C.)
| | - Cheng-You Chen
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan;
| | - Min-Yun Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan; (S.-Y.H.); (M.-Y.C.)
| | - Yung-Sheng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan; (S.-Y.H.); (M.-Y.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan;
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-S.L.); (C.-P.L.)
| | - Chi-Ping Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan; (S.-Y.H.); (M.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-S.L.); (C.-P.L.)
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16
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Chen HJ, Dai FJ, Chen CY, Fan SL, Zheng JH, Huang YC, Chau CF, Lin YS, Chen CS. Evaluating the Antioxidants, Whitening and Antiaging Properties of Rice Protein Hydrolysates. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123605. [PMID: 34204643 PMCID: PMC8231118 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived protein hydrolysates have potential applications in nutrition. Rice protein hydrolysates (RPHs), an excellent source of proteins, have attracted attention for the development of cosmeceuticals. However, few studies have reported the potential application of RPH in analysis, and this study examined their antioxidant activities and the inhibitory activities of skin aging enzymes. The results indicated that the total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations were 2.06 ± 0.13 mg gallic acid equivalent/g RPHs and 25.96 ± 0.52 µg quercetin equivalent/g RPHs, respectively. RPHs demonstrated dose-dependent activity for scavenging free radicals from 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 42.58 ± 2.1 mg/g RPHs] and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (IC50 = 2.11 ± 0.88 mg/g RPHs), dose-dependent reduction capacity (6.95 ± 1.40 mg vitamin C equivalent/g RPHs) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (473 µmol Trolox equivalent/g RPHs). The concentrations of the RPH solution required to achieve 50% inhibition of hyaluronidase and tyrosinase activities were determined to be 8.91 and 107.6 mg/mL, respectively. This study demonstrated that RPHs have antioxidant, antihyaluronidase, and antityrosinase activities for future cosmetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402204, Taiwan; (H.-J.C.); (C.-F.C.)
- Healthmate Co., Ltd., Changhua City 500016, Taiwan; (F.-J.D.); (S.-L.F.); (Y.-C.H.)
| | - Fan-Jhen Dai
- Healthmate Co., Ltd., Changhua City 500016, Taiwan; (F.-J.D.); (S.-L.F.); (Y.-C.H.)
| | - Cheng-You Chen
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan;
| | - Siao-Ling Fan
- Healthmate Co., Ltd., Changhua City 500016, Taiwan; (F.-J.D.); (S.-L.F.); (Y.-C.H.)
| | - Ji-Hong Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chun Huang
- Healthmate Co., Ltd., Changhua City 500016, Taiwan; (F.-J.D.); (S.-L.F.); (Y.-C.H.)
| | - Chi-Fai Chau
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402204, Taiwan; (H.-J.C.); (C.-F.C.)
| | - Yung-Sheng Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360001, Taiwan;
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-S.L.); (C.-S.C.)
| | - Chin-Shuh Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402204, Taiwan; (H.-J.C.); (C.-F.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-S.L.); (C.-S.C.)
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Anti-Pigmentary Natural Compounds and Their Mode of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126206. [PMID: 34201391 PMCID: PMC8226446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyper-activated melanocytes are the major cause of skin hyper-pigmentary disorders, such as freckles and melasma. Increasing efforts have been made to search for materials with depigmenting activity to develop functional cosmetics. As a result, numerous materials have been reported to have depigmenting activity but some of them are known to cause unwanted side effects. Consequently, anti-pigmentary natural compounds without concern of toxicity are in great demand. Virtually all sorts of natural sources have been investigated to find anti-pigmentary natural compounds. This review summarizes recently reported anti-pigmentary natural compounds and their mode of action from the ocean, plants, and bacteria.
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Isolation of Lactiplantibacillus sp. from Korean salted and fermented seafoods for effective fermentation of strawberry leaf extract: enhanced anti-inflammatory activity. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:268. [PMID: 34017674 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02753-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries are rich in bioactive phytochemicals and phenolic compounds. In the present study, strawberry leaves obtained from Nangsan-myeon, Jeollabuk-do, Korea in 2019 were fermented using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum B1-4 and studied for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Comparative testing of active ingredients in the raw and fermented extract showed an increase in total polyphenol content and total flavonoid content from 92.0 mg GAE/g and 40.4 mg QE/g, respectively, to 116.1 mg GAE/g and 49.5 mg QE/g, respectively, in fermented extracts. Similarly, catechin content in fermented extract was increased by 26.5% and epicatechin content was decreased by 9.3%. Total and reducing sugar contents in the fermented extract were decreased by 58.4% and 50.4%. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts before and after fermentation increased by about 10.7% from 35.6 to 46.3% at 250 µg/mL and ABTS by about 6.0% from 48.6 to 54.6% at 500 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity assay confirmed that fermented extract caused no harm to chromatid structure of RAW 264.7 cells up to 500 µg/mL concentration. Fermented extracts (400 µg/mL) reduced nitric oxide production (9.7%) and the levels of TNF-α (18.1%) and IL-6 (11.8%), making them ideal for integration into skin care products. The significant functional groups present in raw and fermented extracts were identified using FTIR. Thus, this study adds to the notion of using fermented extracts in functional foods due to their anti-inflammatory properties.
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Zou YF, Zhang YY, Zhu ZK, Fu YP, Paulsen BS, Huang C, Feng B, Li LX, Chen XF, Jia RY, Song X, He CL, Yin LZ, Ye G, Lv C, Yin ZQ. Characterization of inulin-type fructans from two species of Radix Codonopsis and their oxidative defense activation and prebiotic activities. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:2491-2499. [PMID: 33063324 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Codonopsis pilosula and C. tangshen are both plants widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Polysaccharides, which are their primary active components, are thought to be important in their extensive use. In this study, two neutral polysaccharide fractions of C. pilosula (CPPN) and C. tangshen (CTPN) were obtained by fractionation on a DEAE-Sepharose column and characterized. RESULTS It was confirmed that the neutral polymers CPPN and CTPN were β-(2,1)-linked inulin-type fructans with non-reducing terminal glucose, and degree of polymerization (DP) of 19.6 and 25.2, respectively. The antioxidant and prebiotic activities in vitro were assayed based on IPEC-J2 cell lines and five strains of Lactobacillus. Results indicated that the effects of CPPN and CTPN were increased antioxidant defense in intestinal epithelial cells through enhanced cell viability, improved expression of total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, and reduced levels of malondialdehyde and lactic dehydrogenase. The prebiotic activity of CPPN and CTPN was demonstrated by the promoting effect on Lactobacillus proliferation in vitro. The different biological activities obtained between the two fractions are probably due to the different DP and thus molecular weights of CPPN and CTPN. CONCLUSION The inulin fractions from C. pilosula and C. tangshen were natural sources of potential intestinal antioxidants as well as prebiotics, which will be valuable in further studies and new applications of inulin-containing health products. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Feng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yan-Yun Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhong-Kai Zhu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yu-Ping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Berit S Paulsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Area of Pharmacognosy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Li-Xia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xing-Fu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ren-Yong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Chang-Liang He
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Li-Zi Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Gang Ye
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhong-Qiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
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Bijle MN, Ekambaram M, Lo ECM, Yiu CKY. Combined effect of arginine and fluoride on the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Sci Rep 2021; 11:973. [PMID: 33441658 PMCID: PMC7806861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the in vitro study were: (1) to investigate the effect of combining L-arginine (Arg) and NaF on the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LRG); and (2) to identify an optimum synergistic concentration for the synbiotic (Arg + LRG)-fluoride (SF) therapy. 1% Arg + 2000-ppm NaF (A-SF) and 2% Arg + 2000-ppm NaF (B-SF) demonstrated antagonism against LRG (FIC > 4.0). Both XTT (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) and WST-8 (2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, monosodium salt) assays showed that A-SF and B-SF enhanced the growth of LRG when compared to 2000-ppm NaF and LRG control. Colony forming units, bacterial weight, and biofilm thickness of A-SF and B-SF were significantly higher than 2000-ppm NaF and LRG control. Biofilm imaging depicted that 2000-ppm NaF inhibited biofilm formation; while 1%/2% Arg, A-SF, and B-SF increased biofilm growth of LRG. Lactic acid formation was the lowest for 2000-ppm NaF, followed by A-SF and then B-SF. The SF buffer potential after 24 h was the highest for B-SF, and then A-SF. Biofilm pH for B-SF was closest to neutral. Fluoride, Arg and LRG bioavailability remained unaffected in B-SF. The relative gene expression for arcA, argG, and argH was significantly higher for B-SF than the respective controls. In conclusion, combining 2% Arg, 2000-ppm NaF, and LRG provides an optimum synbiotic-fluoride synergism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nadeem Bijle
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Manikandan Ekambaram
- grid.29980.3a0000 0004 1936 7830Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Edward C. M. Lo
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Hu N, Lei M, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Gu Y, Zhang Y, Wang S. Analysis of the Microbial Diversity and Characteristics of Fermented Blueberry Beverages from Different Regions. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111656. [PMID: 33198380 PMCID: PMC7697986 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, high-throughput sequencing methods were used to analyze the composition and diversity of the microbial communities of three different traditional fermented blueberry beverages (Jiaosu A, Jiaosu B, and Jiaosu C) produced in three different regions. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast counts, total soluble solids, total titration acid, total phenols, total flavonoids, total anthocyanin, superoxide dismutase, and antioxidant activity were analyzed in all samples. The results showed that at the phylum level, the bacteria in all samples were predominantly Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, while the majority of fungus belonged to Ascomycota. At the genus level, Lactobacillus, Gluconobacter, and Acetobacter were the dominant bacteria, and Dekkera and Issatchenkia were the dominant fungi. Our data show that the lactic acid bacteria counts in Jiaosu A were the lowest of the three products, in the range of 4.31–10.9 log CFU/mL, while yeast counts ranged from 6.71 to 7.35 log CFU/mL. The antioxidant activities of Jiaosu C were greater than those of Jiaosu A and Jiaosu B, and Spearman correlation analysis showed that the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Dekkera was significantly positively correlated with total phenolics, total anthocyanin, total flavonoids, and antioxidant index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (N.H.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (N.H.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (N.H.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (N.H.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (N.H.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (N.H.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.G.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-22-85358445
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Abstract
In this study, the effects of different fruit parts and extraction conditions on the antioxidant properties of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit were investigated. Five in vitro antioxidant models and statistical analyses were performed. The results revealed that jujube peel with pulp (peel pulp) exhibited better antioxidant capacity than did seeds. Overall, jujube peel pulp extracted using 50% ethanol at 60 °C exhibited the best antioxidant capacity in terms of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (0.3 ± 0 mg/mL), 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity (0.5 ± 0 mg/mL), total phenolic content (38.3 ± 0.4 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram dry weight), total flavonoid content (43.8 ± 0.2 mg quercetin equivalent per gram dry weight), and reducing power (41.9 ± 2.2 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per gram dry weight). The results indicated that jujube peel pulp is a more potential natural antioxidant than seeds.
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Lin YS, Huang WY, Ho PY, Hu SY, Lin YY, Chen CY, Chang MY, Huang SL. Effects of Storage Time and Temperature on Antioxidants in Juice from Momordica charantia L. and Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Ser. Molecules 2020; 25:E3614. [PMID: 32784816 PMCID: PMC7464073 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study determined the antioxidant activities of juice from Momordica charantia L. (MC) and MC var. abbreviata Ser. (MCVAS) by analyzing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging ability, ferric reducing power (FRP), and total phenolic content (TPC). The effects of storage time and storage temperature on these antioxidant activities were investigated. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was conducted to identify the major components of MC and MCVAS. The results revealed that the antioxidant activity of MCVAS was better than that of MC, possibly because of richer components of MCVAS. For MC and MCVAS, the scavenging concentrations of 50% DPPH were 3.33 and 1.19 mg/mL, respectively; moreover, the FRP values were 68.93 and 118.14 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g dry weight, respectively; and the TPC values were 8.15 and 11.47 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight, respectively. The antioxidant activities of MC and MCVAS decreased with storage time. High storage temperature decreased antioxidant activity more quickly than a low temperature. In addition, MC had exhibited a faster decline in DPPH scavenging ability and FRP than MCVAS during 24-day storage, but no difference was observed in TPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Sheng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (P.-Y.H.); (S.-Y.H.); (Y.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan;
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Huang
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, HungKuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan;
| | - Pang-Yen Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (P.-Y.H.); (S.-Y.H.); (Y.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.C.)
| | - Shiou-Yih Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (P.-Y.H.); (S.-Y.H.); (Y.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.C.)
| | - Ying-Yi Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (P.-Y.H.); (S.-Y.H.); (Y.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.C.)
| | - Cheng-You Chen
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan;
| | - Min-Yun Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (P.-Y.H.); (S.-Y.H.); (Y.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.C.)
| | - Shu-Ling Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (P.-Y.H.); (S.-Y.H.); (Y.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan;
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Enhancement of the Anti-Skin Wrinkling Effects of Aloe arborescens Miller Extracts Associated with Lactic Acid Fermentation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2743594. [PMID: 32565850 PMCID: PMC7288207 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2743594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This work clearly shows that Aloe arborescens but not gels from Aloe vera, a common juice-type product of Aloe, exerted anti-skin wrinkling effects, and these effects were greatly enhanced by lactic acid fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum. Treatment with the extract from the fermentation process (FE) at a dose of 0.5% highly activated human fibroblast cells by up to 175%, whereas 140% activation and 105% activation were observed with the extract obtained using conventional water extraction (WE) and the gel from A. vera (GE), respectively. The treatment of human fibroblasts with FE at a dose of 0.5% increased collagen production by up to 170% and inhibited MMP-1 synthesis to 48%, which is likely due to its high antioxidant activity because the WE and GE showed markedly lower effects compared with those of the FE. Interestingly, the FE exhibited a profile dominated by relatively low-molecular-weight (MW) polysaccharides: 20% of the total polysaccharides in the FE were in the MW weight range of 600 to 900, whereas 95% of the total polysaccharides in the GE were in the MW range of 200,000 to 300,000. This result suggests that the larger polysaccharide molecules in the extract might be broken down during lactic acid fermentation, and the easy penetration of the small molecules in the extract into fibroblast cells thus results in improved anti-skin wrinkling effects. This conclusion is also supported by the finding that the FE and WE, but not the GE, contained similar amounts of barbaloin, a strong antioxidant eluted from A. arborescens through the fermentation process. Therefore, this study strongly indicates that the enhanced anti-skin wrinkling effects of the FE are most likely due to synergistic effects between the barbaloin and the low-MW polysaccharides retained after the fermentation process.
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Huang HC, Lee IJ, Huang C, Chang TM. Lactic Acid Bacteria and Lactic Acid for Skin Health and Melanogenesis Inhibition. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:566-577. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200109104701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria are beneficial to human health. Lactic acid bacteria have wide applications
in food, cosmetic and medicine industries due to being Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS)
and a multitude of therapeutic and functional properties. Previous studies have reported the beneficial
effects of lactic acid bacteria, their extracts or ferments on skin health, including improvements in skin
conditions and the prevention of skin diseases. Lipoteichoic acid isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum
was reported to inhibit melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. In particular, lipoteichoic acid
also exerted anti-photoaging effects on human skin cells by regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-
1. The oral administration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and other lactic acid bacteria has
been reported to inhibit the development of atopic diseases. Additionally, the clinical and histologic
evidence indicates that the topical application of lactic acid is effective for depigmentation and improving
the surface roughness and mild wrinkling of the skin caused by environmental photo-damage. This
review discusses recent findings on the effects of lactic acid bacteria on skin health and their specific
applications in skin-whitening cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Chun Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I. Jung Lee
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chen Huang
- Office of Paradigm Industrial- Academic R & D Headquarter, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Min Chang
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, Hungkuang University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Antioxidant Properties of Jatropha curcas L. Seed Shell and Kernel Extracts. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10093279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the seed shells and kernels of Jatropha curcas L. The extracts obtained from five solutions (0%–95% ethanol) were tested and compared. Overall, the antioxidant capacity of seed shell extracts was higher than that of seed kernel extracts. The seed shell extract obtained using 95% ethanol exhibited the best antioxidant activity among the five solutions. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and free radical scavenging ability of 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) were 13.63 ± 0.15 and 6.75 ± 0.51 μg/mL, respectively. The reduction ability and total phenol content were 95.14 ± 27.04 μg ascorbic acid equivalents/mg of extract and 536.33 ± 8.62 μg gallic acid equivalents/mg of extract, respectively. In in vitro cytotoxicity assays, solutions with less than 250 μg/mL of seed shell extract had no major cytotoxicity. The seed shell of Jatropha curcas L. can be used as an antioxidant material and has potential for biomedical applications.
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Enhanced bioactivity of Zanthoxylum schinifolium fermented extract: Anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-melanogenic activity. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 129:638-645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Effects of Infusion and Storage on Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Black Tea. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study determined antioxidant activity in terms of the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging ability and total phenolic content of black tea under different infusion and storage conditions. High performance liquid chromatography analysis identified caffeine, (−)-epigallocatechin, (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and (−)-gallocatechin-3-gallate in the tea sample. The water–tea leaves weight ratio did not affect the DPPH scavenging ability. However, infusion temperature affected the DPPH scavenging activity and the total phenolic content. In the present study, the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for DPPH of black tea infused at 60 to 100 °C ranged from 100.0 ± 13.7 to 28.4 ± 4.8 μg/mL. The total phenolic content of black tea steeped at 60 to 100 °C ranged from 50.4 ± 5.2 to 178.6 ± 16.4 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry leaf. Black tea exhibited increased antioxidant activity when the infusion temperature was increased. Regarding short-term storage, the DPPH scavenging ability and total phenolic content of black tea did not significantly change within 15 days. This result was consistent for storage temperatures of 4, 9, and 25 °C.
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Bhagwat A, Annapure US. In vitro assessment of metabolic profile of Enterococcus strains of human origin. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2019; 17:11. [PMID: 31761970 PMCID: PMC6875533 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-019-0009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background In the present study, previously isolated, safe, and avirulent enterococci strains were exploited for their metabolic profile (Bhagwat et al., Asian J Pharm Clin Res 12: 2019). Results Thirteen enterococci strains of human origin produced important enzymes like amylase (0.5–0.7 mg ml−1), protease (192–264 mg ml−1), lipase (8–10 mg ml−1), bile salt hydrolase, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and lactic acid (highest 12 mg ml−1), thus implicating potential attributes of starter cultures in food and dairy industry. Biogenic amines like arginine and tryptamine were produced after 4 days above 25 °C. Castor oil (highest yield 60 μg ml−1) and sunflower oil (highest yield 48 μg ml−1) both proved to be excellent sources of CLA production. Reduction assays using FRAP, ABTS (above 83%), and DPPH (30–50%) revealed excellent radical scavenging properties of cell-free supernatants of Enterococcus strains. Conclusion The results implicate the future potential of application enterococci for therapeutic purpose as well as the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlesha Bhagwat
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Uday S Annapure
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India.
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Functionality Analysis of Spent Coffee Ground Extracts Obtained by the Hydrothermal Method. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/4671438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee is a popular beverage all over the world, but spent coffee grounds (SCGs) constituting almost 75% of original beans are usually considered waste and disposed off. The present study analyzed the functionalities of SCG with a view of its reuse in the cosmetic industry. The SCG extraction was carried out by the hydrothermal method. The resultant extracts were tested for its antioxidant capacity, tyrosinase inhibition, and moisturizing ability. LC–MS/MS results showed two major components in SCG extracts, namely, trigonelline and caffeine. Also, the SCG contained total flavonoid contents of 29 ± 4.5 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g SCG and total phenolic contents of 9.44 ± 0.90 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g SCG. Regarding functionality analysis, SCG extracts exhibited reduction capacity of 8.18 ± 0.39 mg vitamin C equivalent (VCE)/g SCG, DPPH free-radical scavenging activity (IC50) of 3.11 mg SCG/mL, ABTS free-radical scavenging activity (IC50) of 13.61 mg SCG/mL, and tyrosinase inhibition capacity (IC50) of 2.23 mg SCG/mL. Moreover, the volatilization rate of the extract solution (37 mg SCG/mL) reduced by 15.9%. These results demonstrate the utility of recycling of SCG and illustrate its potential application in the development of skin care products.
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The Radical-Scavenging Activity of a Purified and Sequenced Peptide from Lactic Acid Fermentation of Thunnus albacares By-Products. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:1084-1095. [PMID: 31161384 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Yellowfin tuna by-products (Thunnus albacares) were processed to produce radical-scavenging peptides from hydrolysis by lactic acid fermentation (LAF) with Lactobacillus plantarum, papaya fruit (Carica papaya), and molasses as a carbon source for 72 h. A 15-kDa peptide was purified; after de novo sequencing, it was determined that fragments are rich in hydrophobic and neutral amino acids. The results suggest this effect is mainly to the hydrophobicity of the amino acids in their sequence. Further work is on progress to assess the ability of peptides to provide stability in lipids or in other types of samples sensitive to the action of free radicals.
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Enhancement of the Neuroprotective Effect of Fermented Spirulina maxima Associated with Antioxidant Activities by Ultrasonic Extraction. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8122469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study is the first demonstration of the neuroprotective activity of the marine alga, Spirulina maxima, fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum HY-08, which was freshly isolated from fermented vegetables. The combined process of the fermentation with ultrasonic extraction at 40 kHz for 4 hr greatly increased the amounts of β-carotene in the extract up to 1.62 mg/g, along with a high extraction yield of 18.26%, compared to 1.03 mg/g and 12.8% from ultrasonic extraction itself, and even much higher than 0.81 mg/g and 10.6% from conventional water extraction. It was also proved that the neuroprotective activities of the extract were enhanced possibly by higher contents of β-carotene in the extract, compared to those from water extraction or ultrasonic extraction itself. This extract was found to have strong antioxidant properties, with 49.01% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, which resulted in 90.30% neuroprotective activity. Specifically, the fermented extract markedly enhanced the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/p-CREB signaling pathways, which can effectively prevent memory impairment in mice caused by oxidative stress. β-Carotene also increased the expression of p-CREB and BDNF, and a mechanism of their upregulation by β-carotene is first proposed in this study. It can be concluded that the strong neuroprotective effect of the extract was markedly influenced by the antioxidant activities, due to the synergistic effects of high amounts of β-carotene and other biologically active substances in the extract that can be obtained by lactic acid fermentation, combined with ultrasonic processing.
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Antioxidation and Melanogenesis Inhibition of Various Dendrobium tosaense Extracts. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071810. [PMID: 30037075 PMCID: PMC6099997 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, and inhibition ability of mushroom tyrosinase and melanogenesis of Dendrobium tosaense (DT) extract. Ground DT was extracted using deionized water (W) or 50% ethanol (50E) at room temperature (RT) or 50 °C (50T) for 20 min. The 50T + 50E extract exhibited the highest total phenol content 47.0 ± 4.0 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DT extract, the highest level of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) free-radical scavenging 66.0 ± 3.0 mg Trolox equivalent/g DT extract, and the highest reducing power 12.00 ± 0.50 mg vitamin C equivalent/g DT extract. The RT + W extract had the highest total flavonoid content 110.0 ± 3.0 mg quercetin equivalent/g DT extract. The RT + 50E extract had the lowest half maximal inhibitory concentration 1.30 ± 0.00 mg/mL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging, and the lowest half maximal inhibitory concentration 6.40 ± 0.30 mg/mL for mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activity. DT extracts, especially RT + W and 50T + W, exhibited potent inhibitory effects on melanogenesis of B16/F10 cells. These results demonstrated the application potential of DT extract for skincare.
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Lee HY. Improvement of skin barrier dysfunction by Scutellaria baicalensis GEOGI extracts through lactic acid fermentation. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018. [PMID: 29543386 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of an alternative medicine to treat atopic dermatitis (AD) from natural sources is necessary. AIMS To improve skin barrier dysfunction by enhancing the differentiation of human keratinocytes with the fermented Scutellaria baicalensis. METHODS Scutellaria baicalensis was fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum and extracted with 70% ethanol (FE). Antioxidant activities and the regulation of the gene expression related to keratinocyte differentiation were measured as well as its proliferation. RESULT This work first proved that the FE had multiple activities, both increasing keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation: The FE greatly up-regulated expression of the genes of keratinocyte differentiation such as involucrin, keratin 10, and transglutaminase-1 (TG-1) up to 4.06-fold, which was 3 times higher than the 2 other extracts. The effect of baicalein on keratinocyte differentiation was also first found; however, its efficacy was lower than that of the fermented extract. The FE proved to effectively accelerate keratinocyte differentiation, rather than to initiate the differentiation, and also showed an ability of stimulating keratinocyte proliferation up to 2.8 × 106 viable cells/mL as well as 70.24 ng/mL of collagen production in fibroblasts. High efficacy of the FE was confirmed by synergistic effects of large amounts of various bioactive substances in the extracts as baicalein alone did not show remarkable effects and even positive controls had not much better activities than the FE. CONCLUSION The fermented extract was able to improve skin barrier dysfunction, and the ointment with 1%-5% (v/v) of the extract be directly used for skin clinical trials to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Yong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju, Korea
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35
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Abstract
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) is rich in nutritive components and is widely used as a human food, feed and forage for animals, and fuel. This study investigated the effect of a proso millet extract on the inhibition of tyrosinase, a key enzyme in melanogenesis. High performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that the proso millet extract contained phenolic tyrosinase inhibitors, such as syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid. The extract had an IC50 for inhibition of tyrosinase activity of 14.02 mg/mL. A Lineweaver-Burk double reciprocal plot showed that the proso millet extract functioned as a mixed competitive and noncompetitive inhibitor. Proso millet has potential as a tyrosinase inhibitor that may have applications in the cosmetics industry.
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Madempudi RS, Kalle AM. Antiproliferative Effects ofBacillus coagulansUnique IS2 in Colon Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:1062-1068. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1359317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arunasree M. Kalle
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
- UICC-ACSBI Visiting Scholar, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenomes, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Park EH, Bae WY, Kim JY, Kim KT, Paik HD. Antimelanogenic effects of Inula britannica flower petal extract fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P *. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:816-824. [PMCID: PMC5611553 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus plantarum-fermented and non-fermented Inula britannica extracts on the tyrosinase activity were comparatively investigated to examine whether and how they improve the whitening activity, and the contents of total flavonoids and polyphenolics as bioactive compounds were determined. The skin whitening activity using in vitro or ex vivo tyrosinase and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) staining was examined. The total flavonoid content (TFC) was increased by 13.4% after 72 h-fermentation. The viabilities of the B16F10 cells treated with the fermented and non-fermented control extracts were 100.26% and 92.15% at 500 µg/ml, respectively. In addition, the inhibition of tyrosinase activity was increased by the fermented samples from 29.33% to 41.74% following fermentation for up to 72 h. The tyrosinase activity of the untreated control group was increased to 145.69% in B16F10 cells. The results showed that I. britannica fermented by L. plantarum dose-dependently inhibited tyrosinase activity, which was stimulated by α-melanocyte stimulating hormone. These results suggest that lactic fermented I. britannica extracts can be used as effective skin-whitening materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-hye Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Won-young Bae
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jae-yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Kee-tae Kim
- Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hyun-dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Kinetics of Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity Using Vitis vinifera Leaf Extracts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5232680. [PMID: 28660210 PMCID: PMC5474274 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5232680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural medical plant is considered as a good source of tyrosinase inhibitors. Red vine leaf extract (RVLE) can be applied to a wide variety of medical disciplines, such as treatments for chronic venous insufficiency over many decades. This study investigated the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of RVLE containing gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, rutin, and resveratrol which are effective for skin hyperpigmentation. The five components contents are 1.03, 0.2, 18.55, 6.45, and 0.48 mg/g for gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, rutin, and resveratrol. The kinetic study showed the tyrosinase inhibitory of RVLE via a competitive reaction mechanism. RVLE solution has an IC50 (the half inhibitory concentration) value of 3.84 mg/mL for tyrosinase inhibition, that is, an effective tyrosinase inhibitory activity, and can be used as a whitening agent for cosmetic formulations in the future.
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Yang L, Zheng Z, Qian C, Wu J, Liu Y, Guo S, Li G, Liu M, Wang X, Kaplan DL. Curcumin-functionalized silk biomaterials for anti-aging utility. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 496:66-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.01.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Jiménez-Pérez ZE, Singh P, Kim YJ, Mathiyalagan R, Kim DH, Lee MH, Yang DC. Applications of Panax ginseng leaves-mediated gold nanoparticles in cosmetics relation to antioxidant, moisture retention, and whitening effect on B16BL6 cells. J Ginseng Res 2017; 42:327-333. [PMID: 29983614 PMCID: PMC6026357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bioactive compounds in plant extracts are able to reduce metal ions to nanoparticles through the process of green synthesis. Panax ginseng is an oriental medicinal herb and an adaptogen which has been historically used to cure various diseases. In addition, the P. ginseng leaves-mediated gold nanoparticles are the value-added novel materials. Its potential as a cosmetic ingredient is still unexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, moisture retention and whitening properties of gold nanoparticles (PgAuNPs) in cosmetic applications. Methods Cell-free experiments were performed to evaluate PgAuNP's antioxidant and moisture retention properties and inhibition activity on mushroom tyrosinase. Furthermore, in vitro cell cytotoxicity was evaluated using normal human dermal fibroblast and murine B16BL6 melanoma cells (B16) after treatment with increasing concentrations of PgAuNPs for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Finally, in vitro cell assays on B16 cells were performed to evaluate the whitening effect of PgAuNPs through reduction of cellular melanin content and tyrosinase activity. Results In vitro DPPH radical scavenging assay results revealed that PgAuNPs exhibited antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. PgAuNPs exhibited moisture retention capacity and effectively inhibited mushroom tyrosinase. In addition, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide results revealed that PgAuNPs were not toxic to human dermal fibroblast and B16 cells; in addition, they significantly reduced melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and mRNA expression of melanogenesis-associated transcription factor and tyrosinase in B16 cells. Conclusion Our study is the first report to provide evidence supporting that P. ginseng leaves-capped gold nanoparticles could be used as multifunctional ingredients in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuly Elizabeth Jiménez-Pérez
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Priyanka Singh
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramya Mathiyalagan
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Hee Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Chun Yang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Jiménez Z, Kim YJ, Mathiyalagan R, Seo KH, Mohanan P, Ahn JC, Kim YJ, Yang DC. Assessment of radical scavenging, whitening and moisture retention activities of Panax ginseng berry mediated gold nanoparticles as safe and efficient novel cosmetic material. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:333-340. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1307216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuly Jiménez
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramya Mathiyalagan
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hoon Seo
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Padmanaban Mohanan
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Ahn
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Chun Yang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Ginseng Bank, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Ginseng Bank College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Kim NY, Kwon HS, Lee HY. Effect of inhibition on tyrosinase and melanogenesis of Agastache rugosa Kuntze by lactic acid bacteria fermentation. J Cosmet Dermatol 2016; 16:407-415. [PMID: 27531590 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work presents the first report that A. rugosa could have tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition and that its activities also be improved by fermentation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus paracasei. It was found that the tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition was correlated with antioxidant activity of acacetin, the major biologically active substances in A. rugosa. AIMS we pursued an improvement in tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition of A. rugosa extract by fermentation process. METHODS A. rugosa was extracted by lactic acid fermentation process; we measured antioxidant activities and tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition of A. rugosa extracts. RESULT In particular, reducing power of the extract from fermentation process (FE) was measured as 0.562 (O.D.), whereas reducing power of the extracts from 70% ethanol extraction (EE) was lower than the FE as 0.496 (O.D.). Polyphenols and flavonoids in the FE were higher than the EE: 69.3 mg/g vs. 60.5 mg/g, and 187 mg/g vs. 138 mg/g. The FE was estimated as 51.04% tyrosinase inhibition and 41.88% for the EE. Similarly, melanin inhibition in melanocyte B16F10 was observed as 66.60% vs. 42.23% for the FE and EE. The increase in tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition activity was confirmed by high elution of acacetin through fermentation process such as 289.97 mg/100 g vs. 198.04 mg/100 g in the FE and EE. CONCLUSION These results indicate that tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition activities of the extracts should be associated with antioxidant activity because acacetin is known to have strong antioxidant activity, which can also positively affect whitening activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Young Kim
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | | | - Hyeon Yong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Seowon University, Chungju, Korea
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Bajpai VK, Rather IA, Park YH. Partially Purified Exo-Polysaccharide from Lactobacillus Sakei
Probio 65 with Antioxidant, α-Glucosidase and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Potential. J Food Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K. Bajpai
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| | - Irfan Ahmad Rather
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| | - Yong-Ha Park
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
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Beristain-Bauza S, Mani-López E, Palou E, López-Malo A. Antimicrobial activity and physical properties of protein films added with cell-free supernatant of Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activities and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Property from Mycelium Culture Extracts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:616298. [PMID: 26345142 PMCID: PMC4540982 DOI: 10.1155/2015/616298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Since mushrooms have many bioactive components, they have been used as components in folk medicine. Because mycelium has an advantage when it comes to large-scale production, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant properties and anti-tyrosinase activity from 55 mycelia in culture media. Relatively high 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity was detected from the ethanol extract of culture media including mycelium (EECiM) of Morchella esculenta var. esculenta (MEVE), Auricularia polytricha (APO), Tremella aurantia (TAU), Volvariella bombycina (VBO), and Oudemansiella sp. (Osp), which also showed strong reducing power and inhibitory activity in relation to the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value. On the other hand, relatively high tyrosinase inhibitory activity was detected in Inonotus mikadoi (IMI), Coriolus versicolor (CVE), Volvariella volvacea (VVO), Panellus serotinus (PSE), Auricularia auricula (AAU), and Fomitopsis sp. (Fsp). Interestingly, the APO EECiM exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging rate (77.5 ± 4.3%) and reducing power (1.18 ± 0.041), while the highest inhibitory power of the TBA value and antityrosinase activity were detected in that of TAU (64.5 ± 4.1%) and IMI (46.0 ± 7.5%), respectively. Overall, our study suggested potential candidates for EECiMs that exhibited powerful antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory properties and might be used as natural antioxidant tyrosinase inhibitor.
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Fermented broth in tyrosinase- and melanogenesis inhibition. Molecules 2014; 19:13122-35. [PMID: 25255749 PMCID: PMC6271004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190913122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented broth has a long history of applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Recently, the use of fermented broth in skin care products is in ascendance. This review investigates the efficacy of fermented broth in inhibiting tyrosinase and melanogenesis. Possible active ingredients and hypopigmentation mechanisms of fermented broth are discussed, and potential applications of fermented broth in the cosmetic industry are also addressed.
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