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Huang J, Liang X, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Chen Z. Metabolomics and network pharmacology reveal the mechanism of antithrombotic effect of Asperosaponin VI. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116355. [PMID: 38493592 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dipsaci Radix may possess antithrombotic properties, and one of its primary active ingredients is Asperosaponin VI. However, the antithrombotic effects and pharmacological mechanisms of Asperosaponin VI remain unclear. An in vivo experimental study has demonstrated the antithrombotic activity of Asperosaponin VI. Asperosaponin VI also exhibits anticoagulant properties. Asperosaponin VI significantly hindered collagen adrenergic-induced acute pulmonary thrombosis in mice and enhanced their survival rate. This hinders the formation of acute pulmonary embolisms induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and decreases recovery time. A comprehensive strategy that combines metabolomics, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation has the potential to reveal the antithrombotic mechanisms of Asperosaponin VI. Metabolomic evidence suggests that Asperosaponin VI may influence platelet aggregation and the production of anti-inflammatory metabolites through the regulation of pathways such as phenylalanine and arachidonic acid metabolism, thereby inhibiting thrombosis. Network pharmacology identified the pharmacological targets of Asperosaponin VI and indicated that it treats thrombi by partially regulating the signaling pathways related to inflammation and platelet aggregation. Asperosaponin VI showed strong binding affinity for F2, PTPRC, JUN, STAT3, SRC, AKT1. The antiplatelet aggregation activity of Asperosaponin VI was validated based on the metabolomic and network pharmacology results. Asperosaponin VI inhibits platelet aggregation induced by ADP, AA, and collagen. Therefore, Asperosaponin VI exerts antithrombotic effects through antiplatelet aggregation. Therefore, Asperosaponin VI is a promising antithrombotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Xuewen Liang
- Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Minrui Zhao
- Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Shenzhen 518001, China.
| | - Ziyang Chen
- Huizhou first Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Huizhou 516000, China.
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2
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Tsai TS, Tsai IH, Qiu JL, Chan YY, Chiang YW. Comparative analysis of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom from Taiwan and China utilizing chromatographic, electrophoretic, and bioinformatic approaches, along with ELISA employing a monospecific antivenom. Toxicon 2024; 241:107663. [PMID: 38423218 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Deinagkistrodon acutus is a medically important pitviper inhabiting mainly South China and Taiwan. The hemorrhagic effects of its envenoming are compatible to its venom, which is abundant in metalloproteases (svMPs) and C-type lectin-like proteins. In this study, we investigated geographic variations in the venom of D. acutus collected from Taiwan and four Mainland Chinese provinces: Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Hunan. The variations were assessed through high-performance liquid chromatography, non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis, gel electrophoresis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a monospecific antivenom (DaMAV) generated against the Taiwanese D. acutus venom, and discussed based on venom-protein sequences in databases and literature related to D. acutus venom. Additionally, the cross-reactivity of DaMAV against Crotalus horridus and Calloselasma rhodostoma venoms was investigated. We noted differential abundances of D. acutus venom metalloproteases, C-type lectin-like proteins, and phospholipase A2, along with point mutations and selective expression of serine protease isoforms. The ELISA results revealed that the venom from Taiwan was more reactive toward Taiwanese DaMAV than the four Mainland Chinese venoms, consistent with chromatographic profile differences, whereas C. horridus venom presented moderate cross-reactivity with DaMAV. The observed immunoreactivities of these venom with DaMAV can be attributed to the high prevalence of their PIII-svMPs, which are the dominant antigens, and the conservation of PIII-svMP epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tein-Shun Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuefu Road, Pingtung, 912301, Taiwan.
| | - Inn-Ho Tsai
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Lin Qiu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuefu Road, Pingtung, 912301, Taiwan
| | - Yuen-Ying Chan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuefu Road, Pingtung, 912301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 322, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Taipei, 112062, Taiwan; Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Centre, No. 161, Sec. 6, Minquan E. Rd., Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
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3
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Santorelli L, Caterino M, Costanzo M. Proteomics and Metabolomics in Biomedicine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16913. [PMID: 38069240 PMCID: PMC10706996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The technological advances of recent years have significantly enhanced medical discoveries [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Santorelli
- Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, University of Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Marianna Caterino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy
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4
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Wang X, Liu L, Zhu W, Wang S, Shi M, Yang S, Lu H, Cao J. Genome assembly and annotation of the Sharp-nosed Pit Viper Deinagkistrodon acutus based on next-generation sequencing data. GIGABYTE 2023; 2023:gigabyte88. [PMID: 37711277 PMCID: PMC10498098 DOI: 10.46471/gigabyte.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of the currently known >3,000 species of snakes can provide valuable insights into the evolution of their genomes. Deinagkistrodon acutus, also known as Sharp-nosed Pit Viper, one hundred-pacer viper or five-pacer viper, is a venomous snake with significant economic, medicinal and scientific importance. Widely distributed in southeastern China and South-East Asia, D. acutus has been primarily studied for its venom. Here, we employed next-generation sequencing to assemble and annotate a highly continuous genome of D. acutus. The genome size is 1.46 Gb; its scaffold N50 length is 6.21 Mb, the repeat content is 42.81%, and 24,402 functional genes were annotated. This study helps to further understand and utilize D. acutus and its venom at the genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI, Shenzhen 518120, China
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- China National GeneBank, BGI, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Wenbiao Zhu
- China National GeneBank, BGI, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Shiqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Minhui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Haorong Lu
- China National GeneBank, BGI, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jun Cao
- China National GeneBank, BGI, Shenzhen 518120, China
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Ralph R, Garg D, Balachandran A, Ganesh SR, Lamb T. A case report of Ovophis monitcola (Mountain pit-viper) envenoming in northeastern India resulting in prolonged coagulopathy. Toxicon 2023; 229:107147. [PMID: 37127123 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
India is home to a diverse spectrum of medically-significant snakes accounting for the world's largest burden of envenoming, morbidity and mortality. Indian polyspecific antivenom is derived from the venom of four snake species (Daboia russelii, Echis carinatus, Naja naja and Bungarus caeruleus), considered to be responsible for the majority of snakebite morbidity and mortality. The treatment of venomous bites from other less-commonly encountered venomous snake species can be challenging. In this report, we describe the case of a 32-year-old male who presented with features of local cytotoxicity and coagulopathy following a bite from Ovophis monitcola (mountain pit-viper) in Nagaland, northeast India. Local and systemic envenoming, confirmed by bedside and laboratory based clotting assays, failed to respond to polyspecific antivenom and venom-induced consumption coagulopathy persisted for 28 days. Remote consultation with a national Poison Control Centre helped establish the responsible snake species and guide appropriate medical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikar Ralph
- Poison Control Center, Department of Medicine, Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India.
| | - Deepak Garg
- Medicine, Military Hospital, Dimapur, Nagaland, India; Medicine, Military Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amith Balachandran
- Poison Control Center, Department of Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India
| | - S R Ganesh
- Chennai Snake Park, Guindy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600022, India
| | - Thomas Lamb
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit, Vientiane, Laos; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, India
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Yang M, Huan W, Zhang G, Li J, Xia F, Durrani R, Zhao W, Lu J, Peng X, Gao F. Identification of Protein Quality Markers in Toad Venom from Bufo gargarizans. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083628. [PMID: 37110862 PMCID: PMC10141085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Toad venom is a traditional Chinese medicine with high medicinal value. The existing quality evaluation standards of toad venom have obvious limitations because of the lack of research on proteins. Thus, it is necessary to screen suitable quality markers and establish appropriate quality evaluation methods for toad venom proteins to guarantee their safety and efficacy in clinical applications. SDS-PAGE, HPLC, and cytotoxicity assays were used to analyze differences in protein components of toad venom from different areas. Functional proteins were screened as potential quality markers by proteomic and bioinformatic analyses. The protein components and small molecular components of toad venom were not correlated in content. Additionally, the protein component had strong cytotoxicity. Proteomics analysis showed that 13 antimicrobial proteins, four anti-inflammatory and analgesic proteins, and 20 antitumor proteins were differentially expressed extracellular proteins. A candidate list of functional proteins was coded as potential quality markers. Moreover, Lysozyme C-1, which has antimicrobial activity, and Neuropeptide B (NPB), which has anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, were identified as potential quality markers for toad venom proteins. Quality markers can be used as the basis of quality studies of toad venom proteins and help to construct and improve safe, scientific, and comprehensive quality evaluation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyun Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Weiwei Huan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Forestry Biomass, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Guobing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Province People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jie Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Forestry Biomass, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Fengyan Xia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 313000, China
| | - Rabia Durrani
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jidong Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xinmeng Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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7
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Immunoprofiling of Equine Plasma against Deinagkistrodon acutus in Taiwan: Key to Understanding Differential Neutralization Potency in Immunized Horses. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8010051. [PMID: 36668958 PMCID: PMC9866385 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Snakebite envenoming is a public health issue linked to high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. Although antivenom has been the mainstay treatment for envenomed victims receiving medical care, the diverse therapeutic efficacy of the produced antivenom is a major limitation. Deinagkistrodon acutus is a venomous snake that poses significant concern of risks to human life in Taiwan, and successful production of antivenom against D. acutus envenoming remains a considerable challenge. Among groups of horses subjected to immunization schedules, few or none subsequently meet the quality required for further scale-up harvesting. The determinants underlying the variable immune responses of horses to D. acutus venom are currently unknown. In this study, we assessed the immunoprofiles of high-potency and low-potency horse plasma against D. acutus venom and explored the conspicuous differences between these two groups. Based on the results of liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), acutolysin A was identified as the major component of venom proteins that immunoreacted differentially with the two plasma samples. Our findings indicate underlying differences in antivenoms with variable neutralization efficacies, and may provide valuable insights for improvement of antivenom production in the future.
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Tan KY, Shamsuddin NN, Tan CH. Sharp-nosed Pit Viper (Deinagkistrodon acutus) from Taiwan and China: A comparative study on venom toxicity and neutralization by two specific antivenoms across the Strait. Acta Trop 2022; 232:106495. [PMID: 35504314 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In East Asia, the Sharp-nosed Pit Viper (Deinagkistrodon acutus) is a medically important venomous snake in Taiwan and China, two geographical areas long separated by the Taiwan Strait. Yet, snake venom variation is little known between specimens found across the Strait. This study thus investigated the intra-species variation of D. acutus venoms from Taiwan (Da-Taiwan) and China (Da-China) in their profiles of gel electrophoresis, toxicity, immunoreactivity and neutralization effect by antivenom. Da-China venom exhibited higher procoagulant, hemorrhagic and lethal activities than Da-Taiwan venom, presumably attributed to the higher abundance of moderate-to-high molecular weight toxins (procoagulants and hemorrhagins) in the venom. The mono-specific antivenoms produced in Taiwan (DaMAV-Taiwan) and China (DaMAV-China) were immunoreactive toward both venoms, and were able to neutralize the venom toxicity to different extents. DaMAV-Taiwan was more efficacious in neutralizing the venom procoagulant and lethal effects, while DaMAV-China was more potent against hemorrhagic effect. The discrepancy in efficacy between the two antivenoms could be due to varying proportions of neutralizing antibodies in the respective products, influenced by techniques of antibody raising and purification. Further study is warranted to elucidate variation in the proteome and antigenicity of D. acutus venom between snakes from Taiwan and China.
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Abstract
The deleterious consequences of snake envenomation are due to the extreme protein complexity of snake venoms. Therefore, the identification of their components is crucial for understanding the clinical manifestations of envenomation pathophysiology and for the development of effective antivenoms. In addition, snake venoms are considered as libraries of bioactive molecules that can be used to develop innovative drugs. Numerous separation and analytical techniques are combined to study snake venom composition including chromatographic techniques such as size exclusion and RP-HPLC and electrophoretic techniques. Herein, we present in detail these existing techniques and their applications in snake venom research. In the first part, we discuss the different possible technical combinations that could be used to isolate and purify SV proteins using what is known as bioassay-guided fractionation. In the second part, we describe four different proteomic strategies that could be applied for venomics studies to evaluate whole venom composition, including the mostly used technique: RP-HPLC. Eventually, we show that to date, there is no standard technique used for the separation of all snake venoms. Thus, different combinations might be developed, taking into consideration the main objective of the study, the available resources, and the properties of the target molecules to be isolated.
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