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García J, Gutiérrez R, González AS, Jiménez-Ramirez AI, Álvarez Y, Vega V, Reith H, Leistner K, Luna C, Nielsch K, Prida VM. Exchange Bias Effect of Ni@(NiO,Ni(OH) 2) Core/Shell Nanowires Synthesized by Electrochemical Deposition in Nanoporous Alumina Membranes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087036. [PMID: 37108198 PMCID: PMC10138631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuning and controlling the magnetic properties of nanomaterials is crucial to implement new and reliable technologies based on magnetic hyperthermia, spintronics, or sensors, among others. Despite variations in the alloy composition as well as the realization of several post material fabrication treatments, magnetic heterostructures as ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic coupled layers have been widely used to modify or generate unidirectional magnetic anisotropies. In this work, a pure electrochemical approach has been used to fabricate core (FM)/shell (AFM) Ni@(NiO,Ni(OH)2) nanowire arrays, avoiding thermal oxidation procedures incompatible with integrative semiconductor technologies. Besides the morphology and compositional characterization of these core/shell nanowires, their peculiar magnetic properties have been studied by temperature dependent (isothermal) hysteresis loops, thermomagnetic curves and FORC analysis, revealing the existence of two different effects derived from Ni nanowires' surface oxidation over the magnetic performance of the array. First of all, a magnetic hardening of the nanowires along the parallel direction of the applied magnetic field with respect their long axis (easy magnetization axis) has been found. The increase in coercivity, as an effect of surface oxidation, has been observed to be around 17% (43%) at 300 K (50 K). On the other hand, an increasing exchange bias effect on decreasing temperature has been encountered when field cooling (3T) the oxidized Ni@(NiO,Ni(OH)2) nanowires below 100 K along their parallel lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier García
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ruth Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana S González
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana I Jiménez-Ramirez
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yolanda Álvarez
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Víctor Vega
- Laboratorio de Membranas Nanoporosas, Edificio de Servicios Científico Técnicos "Severo Ochoa", Universidad de Oviedo, C/Fernando Bonguera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Heiko Reith
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Karin Leistner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Electrochemical Sensors and Energy Storage, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, TU Chemnitz, Strasse der Nationen 62, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Carlos Luna
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas (FCFM), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Av. Universidad S/N, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Kornelius Nielsch
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Víctor M Prida
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
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Efficiency of Magnetostatic Protection Using Nanostructured Permalloy Shielding Coatings Depending on Their Microstructure. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030634. [PMID: 33806353 PMCID: PMC7998201 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of microstructure on the efficiency of shielding or shunting of the magnetic flux by permalloy shields was investigated in the present work. For this purpose, the FeNi shielding coatings with different grain structures were obtained using stationary and pulsed electrodeposition. The coatings’ composition, crystal structure, surface microstructure, magnetic domain structure, and shielding efficiency were studied. It has been shown that coatings with 0.2–0.6 µm grains have a disordered domain structure. Consequently, a higher value of the shielding efficiency was achieved, but the working range was too limited. The reason for this is probably the hindered movement of the domain boundaries. Samples with nanosized grains have an ordered two-domain magnetic structure with a permissible partial transition to a superparamagnetic state in regions with a grain size of less than 100 nm. The ordered magnetic structure, the small size of the domain, and the coexistence of ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic regions, although they reduce the maximum value of the shielding efficiency, significantly expand the working range in the nanostructured permalloy shielding coatings. As a result, a dependence between the grain and domain structure and the efficiency of magnetostatic shielding was found.
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Unidirectional Magnetic Anisotropy in Dense Vertically-Standing Arrays of Passivated Nickel Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10122444. [PMID: 33297342 PMCID: PMC7762250 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the facile and low-cost preparation as well as detailed characterization of dense arrays of passivated ferromagnetic nickel (Ni) nanotubes (NTs) vertically-supported onto solid Au-coated Si substrates. The proposed fabrication method relies on electrochemical synthesis within the nanopores of a supported anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template and allows for fine tuning of the NTs ferromagnetic walls just by changing the cathodic reduction potential during the nanostructures’ electrochemical growth. Subsequently, the experimental platform allowed further passivation of the Ni NTs with the formation of ultra-thin antiferromagnetic layers of nickel oxide (NiO). Using adequately adapted magnetic measurements, we afterwards demonstrated that the thickness of the NT walls and of the thin antiferromagneticNiO layer, strongly influences the magnetic behavior of the dense array of exchange-coupled Ni/NiO NTs. The specific magnetic properties of these hybrid ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic nanosystems were then correlated with the morpho-structural and geometrical parameters of the NTs, as well as ultimately strengthened by additionally-implemented micromagnetic simulations. The effect of the unidirectional anisotropy strongly amplified by the cylindrical geometry of the ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic interfaces has been investigated with the magnetic field applied both parallel and perpendicular to the NTs axis.
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Zamani Kouhpanji MR, Stadler BJH. A Guideline for Effectively Synthesizing and Characterizing Magnetic Nanoparticles for Advancing Nanobiotechnology: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E2554. [PMID: 32365832 PMCID: PMC7248791 DOI: 10.3390/s20092554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The remarkable multimodal functionalities of magnetic nanoparticles, conferred by their size and morphology, are very important in resolving challenges slowing the progression of nanobiotechnology. The rapid and revolutionary expansion of magnetic nanoparticles in nanobiotechnology, especially in nanomedicine and therapeutics, demands an overview of the current state of the art for synthesizing and characterizing magnetic nanoparticles. In this review, we explain the synthesis routes for tailoring the size, morphology, composition, and magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticles. The pros and cons of the most popularly used characterization techniques for determining the aforementioned parameters, with particular focus on nanomedicine and biosensing applications, are discussed. Moreover, we provide numerous biomedical applications and highlight their challenges and requirements that must be met using the magnetic nanoparticles to achieve the most effective outcomes. Finally, we conclude this review by providing an insight towards resolving the persisting challenges and the future directions. This review should be an excellent source of information for beginners in this field who are looking for a groundbreaking start but they have been overwhelmed by the volume of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Bethanie J. H. Stadler
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Neves-Araujo J, Von Paulo IM, Padrón-Hernández E. Magnetic switching field distribution and morphology in electrodeposited Ni@Cu coaxial nanotubes. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-01126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Méndez M, Vega V, González S, Caballero-Flores R, García J, Prida VM. Effect of Sharp Diameter Geometrical Modulation on the Magnetization Reversal of Bi-Segmented FeNi Nanowires. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8080595. [PMID: 30081591 PMCID: PMC6116228 DOI: 10.3390/nano8080595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Controlling functional properties of matter and combining them for engineering a functional device is, nowadays, a common direction of the scientific community. For instance, heterogeneous magnetic nanostructures can make use of different types of geometrical and compositional modulations to achieve the control of the magnetization reversal along with the nano-entities and, thus, enable the fabrication of spintronic, magnetic data storage, and sensing devices, among others. In this work, diameter-modulated FeNi nanowires are fabricated paying special effort to obtain sharp transition regions between two segments of different diameters (from about 450 nm to 120 nm), enabling precise control over the magnetic behavior of the sample. Micromagnetic simulations performed on single bi-segmented nanowires predict a double step magnetization reversal where the wide segment magnetization switches near 16 kA/m through a vortex domain wall, while at 40 kA/m the magnetization of the narrow segment is reversed through a corkscrew-like mechanism. Finally, these results are confirmed with magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements at the transition of isolated bi-segmented nanowires. Furthermore, macroscopic vibrating sample magnetometry is used to demonstrate that the magnetic decoupling of nanowire segments is the main phenomenon occurring over the entire fabricated nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Méndez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico Garcia Lorca 18, 33007-Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Víctor Vega
- Laboratorio Membranas Nanoporosas, Servicios Científico-Técnicos, Universidad de Oviedo, Campus El Cristo s/n, 33006-Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Silvia González
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico Garcia Lorca 18, 33007-Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Rafael Caballero-Flores
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico Garcia Lorca 18, 33007-Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Javier García
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico Garcia Lorca 18, 33007-Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Víctor M Prida
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico Garcia Lorca 18, 33007-Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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Kozlovskiy AL, Shlimas DI, Zdorovets MV, Mashentseva AA, Kadyrzhanov KK. Thermal annealing-induced modification of the structure and electrical conductivity of metallic nanotubes embedded in PET track-etched membranes. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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