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Papassotiriou I, Riza E, Benetou V, Orfanos P. Mediterranean diet and a health behavior index in relation to cardiovascular biomarkers: Data from the Health and Retirement Study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:925-934. [PMID: 38355386 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Although lifestyle factors have been repeatedly examined for their role on cardiovascular diseases, their composite effect has not been frequently explored. We aimed to investigate the relation of dietary patterns (DPs) and a health behavior index (HBI) with cardiovascular biomarkers. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional analysis with data from 3461 US residents, participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), was performed. Nutritional data were obtained with a food frequency questionnaire, while adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MD) was determined by the Mediterranean Diet Score. A posteriori DPs were estimated using principal component analysis and the HBI was constructed combining adherence to MD, smoking status, physical activity levels, alcohol consumption and body mass index. Multiple linear regression models were performed to examine the relation between DPs or HBI and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), cystatin C (Cys C), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and TC:HDL in blood. Multiple linear regression showed that the "healthy" DP and the MD had a significant negative association with CRP and Cys C (p < 0.05), while the "Western-type" DP had a significant positive association with TC:HDL ratio, CRP and Cys C. Moreover, the HBI was positively associated with HDL (p < 0.05) and negatively associated with TC:HDL ratio, CRP and Cys C (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to MD and to a healthy dietary pattern was negatively associated with biomarkers of inflammation, while the HBI was associated with a better cardiometabolic profile, assessed with blood biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionas Papassotiriou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elena Riza
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Benetou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Akgöz AD, Gözüm S. Effects of the Omaha System- and HeartScore®-Based Impaired-Risk Perception Reduction Program on the Risk Perception of Individuals Aged 50-65 Years: A One-Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Study. Am J Health Promot 2024:8901171241235733. [PMID: 38384170 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241235733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluates the impact of interventions in the Omaha System and HeartScore®-based program to reduce impaired-risk perception. DESIGN and setting: This study utilized a one-group pre-test-post-test design. SUBJECTS The program was conducted among participants aged over 50 years from different social settings. INTERVENTION The program had three parts: a briefing on HeartScore® recommendations, Omaha System interventions, and referral to a doctor. MEASURES HeartScore® determined cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, body mass index (BMI) was calculated from height and weight, and the International PA Questionnaire evaluated physical activity (PA) levels. Self-assessment was used to perceived CVD risk, BMI, and PA. ANALYSIS We used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare the pre-test and post-test scores of the Omaha System, the problem rating scale (PRS) subscales and McNemar test to measure changes in CVD risk perception, BMI, and PA level. RESULTS 310 high-risk individuals out of 522 had impaired perception of their CVD risk. Only 201 responded to follow-up phone calls. Interventions based on HeartScore® and Omaha System improved CVD risk and PA perceptions (P < .001) but not BMI. The program significantly increased knowledge, status, and behavior scores (P < .001). After participating, 39% saw a cardiologist, and 57.2% saw a family physician within six months to reduce impaired risk perception. CVD risk perception increased to the actual level after the intervention, mostly in the group with low education level. CONCLUSIONS The program using the Omaha System and HeartScore® can help middle-aged individuals better understand their risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Dağıstan Akgöz
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sebahat Gözüm
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Zhao QY, Li Q, Hasan Rashedi M, Sohouli M, Rohani P, Velu P. The effect of vitamin K supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nutr Sci 2024; 13:e3. [PMID: 38282652 PMCID: PMC10808880 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important diseases which controlling its related risk factors, such as metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, is necessary because of the increased mortality risk of that. The aim of our meta-analysis is to reveal the general effect of vitamin K supplementation on its related risk factors. Original databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of vitamin K on CVD. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were achieved by random-model effect analysis for the best estimation of outcomes. The statistical heterogeneity was determined using the Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics. Seventeen studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled findings showed that vitamin K supplementation can reduce homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: -0⋅24, 95 % CI: -0⋅49, -0⋅02, P = 0⋅047) significantly compared to the placebo group. However, no significant effect was observed on other outcomes. Subgroup analysis showed a significant effect of vitamin K2 supplementation compared to vitamin K1 supplementation on HOMA-IR. However, no significant effect was observed on other variables. Also, subgroup analysis showed no potential effect of vitamin K supplementation on any outcome and omitting any articles did not affect the final results. We demonstrated that supplementation with vitamin K has no effect on anthropometrics indexes, CRP, glucose metabolism, and lipid profile factors except HOMA-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the First People's Hospital of Shuangliu District (West China Airport Hospital of Sichuan University), Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiu Li
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | | | - Mohammadhassan Sohouli
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pejman Rohani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Periyannan Velu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
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Alkanad M, Hani U, V AH, Ghazwani M, Haider N, Osmani RAM, M D P, Hamsalakshmi, Bhat R. Bitter yet beneficial: The dual role of dietary alkaloids in managing diabetes and enhancing cognitive function. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38169069 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the rising prevalence of diabetes and its association with cognitive impairment, interest in the use of dietary alkaloids and other natural products has grown significantly. Understanding how these compounds manage diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is crucial. This comprehensive review explores the etiology of DCD and the effects of alkaloids in foods and dietary supplements that have been investigated as DCD therapies. Data on how dietary alkaloids like berberine, trigonelline, caffeine, capsaicin, 1-deoxynojirimycin, nuciferine, neferine, aegeline, tetramethylpyrazine, piperine, and others regulate cognition in diabetic disorders were collected from PubMed, Research Gate, Web of Science, Science Direct, and other relevant databases. Dietary alkaloids could improve memory in behavioral models and modulate the mechanisms underlying the cognitive benefits of these compounds, including their effects on glucose metabolism, gut microbiota, vasculopathy, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Evidence suggests that dietary alkaloids hold promise for improving cognition in diabetic patients and could open exciting avenues for future research in diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Alkanad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, India
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Annegowda H V
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, India
| | - Mohammed Ghazwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazima Haider
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Ali M Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Pandareesh M D
- Center for Research and Innovations, Adichunchanagiri University, BGSIT, Mandya, India
| | - Hamsalakshmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Cauvery College of Pharmacy, Cauvery Group of Institutions, Mysuru, India
| | - Rajeev Bhat
- ERA-Chair in Food By-Products Valorisation Technologies (VALORTECH), Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
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Georgoulis M, Damigou E, Chrysohoou C, Barkas F, Anastasiou G, Kravvariti E, Tsioufis C, Liberopoulos E, Sfikakis PP, Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB. Mediterranean diet trajectories and 20-year incidence of cardiovascular disease: The ATTICA cohort study (2002-2022). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:153-166. [PMID: 38007352 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Only few studies have assessed longitudinal dietary trends in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to evaluate the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, both baseline and longitudinal, and 20-year CVD incidence. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a prospective study among 1988 Greek adults (50% men, age: 45 ± 14years). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated at baseline and 10 years through the MedDietScore, based on which longitudinal Mediterranean diet trajectories were identified. CVD incidence was recorded at 20 years. Each one-unit increase in baseline MedDietScore was associated with an 8% reduction in 20-year CVD incidence. Compared to subjects in the lowest tertile of baseline MedDietScore, those in the highest exhibited a 44% lower 20-year CVD risk (relative risk: 0.56, 95% confidence interval: 0.32, 0.97) adjusted for age, sex, baseline body mass index, smoking, physical activity, presence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and family history of CVD; further adjustment for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, uric acid and estimated glomerular filtration rate attenuated this association. Results were similar in models adjusted for longitudinal changes in body weight, physical activity and smoking, and 10-year medical status. Mediterranean diet trajectory analysis revealed that 24.7%, 8.6%, 45.8% and 20.9% of participants longitudinally sustained a low adherence, moved closer, moved away or sustained a high adherence, respectively; among those, the corresponding CVD incidence was 63.3%, 65.5%, 28.1% and 9.4% (p-value<0.001). CONCLUSION The Mediterranean diet offers long-term protection against CVD, part of which is mediated by inflammation, uricemia and renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Georgoulis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Damigou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Fotios Barkas
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Anastasiou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Evridiki Kravvariti
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Liberopoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros P Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676 Athens, Greece.
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Caffrey C, Leamy A, O’Sullivan E, Zabetakis I, Lordan R, Nasopoulou C. Cardiovascular Diseases and Marine Oils: A Focus on Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Polar Lipids. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:549. [PMID: 37999373 PMCID: PMC10672651 DOI: 10.3390/md21110549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death across the globe, hence, establishing strategies to counteract CVD are imperative to reduce mortality and the burden on health systems. Dietary modification is an effective primary prevention strategy against CVD. Research regarding dietary supplementation has become increasingly popular. This review focuses on the current in vivo, in vitro, and epidemiological studies associated with that of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and polar lipids (PLs) and how they play a role against CVD. Furthermore, this review focuses on the results of several major clinical trials examining n-3 PUFAs regarding both primary and secondary prevention of CVD. Notably, we place a lens on the REDUCE-IT and STRENGTH trials. Finally, supplementation of PLs has recently been suggested as a potential alternative avenue for the reduction of CVD incidence versus neutral forms of n-3 PUFAs. However, the clinical evidence for this argument is currently rather limited. Therefore, we draw on the current literature to suggest future clinical trials for PL supplementation. We conclude that despite conflicting evidence, future human trials must be completed to confirm whether PL supplementation may be more effective than n-3 PUFA supplementation to reduce cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliodhna Caffrey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.C.); (A.L.); (E.O.); (I.Z.)
| | - Anna Leamy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.C.); (A.L.); (E.O.); (I.Z.)
| | - Ellen O’Sullivan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.C.); (A.L.); (E.O.); (I.Z.)
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.C.); (A.L.); (E.O.); (I.Z.)
- Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ronan Lordan
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Constantina Nasopoulou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry—Technology and Quality of Food of Animal Origin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, 814 00 Lemnos, Greece
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Carter S, Hill AM, Mead LC, Wong HY, Yandell C, Buckley JD, Tan SY, Rogers GB, Fraysse F, Coates AM. Almonds vs. carbohydrate snacks in an energy-restricted diet: Weight and cardiometabolic outcomes from a randomized trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2467-2481. [PMID: 37621033 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated weight and cardiometabolic outcomes after a 3-month energy-restricted diet (-30%) containing almonds (almond-enriched diet [AED]) or containing carbohydrate-rich snacks (nut-free control diet [NFD]) (Phase 1), followed by 6 months of weight maintenance (Phase 2). METHODS Participants (25-65 years old) with overweight or obesity (BMI 27.5-34.9 kg/m2 ) were randomly allocated to AED (n = 68) or NFD (n = 72). RESULTS Both groups lost weight during Phase 1 (p < 0.001) (mean [SE], -7.0 [0.5] kg AED vs. -7.0 [0.5] kg NFD, p = 0.858) and Phase 2 (p = 0.009) (-1.1 [0.5] kg AED vs. -1.3 [0.6] NFD, p = 0.756), with improvements in percentage lean mass after Phase 2 (4.8% [0.3%], p < 0.001). Reductions occurred in fasting glucose (-0.2 [0.07] mmol/L, p = 0.003), insulin (-8.1 [4.0] pmol/L, p = 0.036), blood pressure (-4.9 [0.8] mm Hg systolic, -5.0 [0.5] mm Hg diastolic, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (-0.3 [0.1] mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (-0.2 [0.1] mmol/L), very low-density lipoprotein (-0.1 [0.03] mmol/L), and triglycerides (-0.3 [0.06] mmol/L) (all p < 0.001), and high-density lipoprotein increased (0.1 [0.02] mmol/L, p = 0.011) by the end of Phase 2 in both groups. There were group by time interactions for lipoprotein particle concentrations: very small triglyceride-rich (-31.0 [7.7] nmol/L AED vs. -4.8 [7.9] nmol/L NFD, p = 0.007), small LDL (-109.3 [40.5] nmol/L AED vs. -20.7 [41.6] nmol/L NFD, p = 0.017), and medium LDL (-24.4 [43.4] nmol/L AED vs. -130.5 [44.4] nmol/L NFD, p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS An energy-restricted AED resulted in weight loss and weight loss maintenance comparable to an energy-restricted NFD, and both diets supported cardiometabolic health. The AED resulted in greater improvements in some lipoprotein subfractions, which may enhance reductions in cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharayah Carter
- Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alison M Hill
- Clinical and Health Sciences, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lauren C Mead
- Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Hoi Y Wong
- Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine Yandell
- Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Buckley
- Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sze-Yen Tan
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geraint B Rogers
- Microbiome Research, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Francois Fraysse
- Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Maimaitiyiming M, Yang H, Li H, Xu C, Li S, Zhou L, Zhang X, Wang Y. The association of obesity-related dietary patterns and main food groups derived by reduced-rank regression with cardiovascular diseases incidence and all-cause mortality: findings from 116,711 adults. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:2605-2619. [PMID: 37219593 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Research about using reduced-rank regression (RRR) to simultaneously study the effects of both individual and combined consumption of foods on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is scarce. METHODS This study included 116,711 CVD-free participants (a median of 11.8 year follow-up) with 2 or more 24-h online dietary assessments. A total of 210 food items were classified into 45 food groups, and the mean amount of each food group was used in RRR to derive dietary patterns (DPs) explaining the maximum shared variation in obesity-related indicators. The associations of DPs and its main food groups (|factor loading| [Formula: see text] 0.2) with the incident CVD and all-cause mortality were examined by Cox model. In cross-sectional analyses, the associations of DP scores with cardiometabolic risk factors (biomarkers) were examined by linear regression. RESULTS The derived DP was characterized by higher intakes of beer and cider, high-sugar beverages, processed meat, red meat, artificial sweetener, and crisps, chips and savory snacks, and lower intakes of olive oil, high fiber breakfast cereals, tea, and vegetable. Compared to the lowest dietary score quintile, those in the highest were associated with higher risks of total CVD (adjusted-HR: 1.45, 95% CI 1.33-1.57) and all-cause mortality (adjusted-HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.18-1.45). We observed consumption alone of these food groups had a consistent but limited health effect on total CVD and all-cause death incidence. These associations were modified by age and sex. Higher DP scores were related to adverse biomarkers profiles. CONCLUSIONS We developed obesity-related DPs prospectively associated with increased risks of CVD and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongxi Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiping Li
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Li
- School of Management, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihui Zhou
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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9
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Aljehani R, Aljehani G, Alharazi H, Horta PM, Kümmel Duarte C, Ghisi GLDM. The Mediterranean Diet Scale (MDS): Translation and validation of the Arabic version. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287497. [PMID: 37616224 PMCID: PMC10449107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The self-administered version of the Mediterranean Diet Scale (MDS) has been developed to test the inherent characteristics of this dietary pattern in a quick and simple way, due to the need of this assessment in the clinical and research setting. This study aimed to translate and psychometrically validate the self-administered MDS in Arabic (CRBS-A). METHODS The original (English) version was originally translated to Arabic, followed by back-translation. Next, 10 healthcare providers, followed by 10 cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients rated the face and content validity (CV) of materials, providing input to improve cross-cultural applicability. Then, 200 patients from Saudi Arabia completed the questionnaire, of which factor structure, internal consistency, criterion and construct validity were assessed. RESULTS Content and face validity was supported based on experts and patients' reviews (ranges: CV scores 0.9-1.0/1.0 and clarity 3.5 to 4.5/5). Minor edits were made. Subsequent factor analysis revealed 4 factors consistent with the original version of the instrument, all internally consistent. Total CRBS-A α was 0.74. Criterion validity was confirmed by the significantly higher scores in patients who participated in CR. Construct validity was also established by significant associations between MDS scores and monthly family income, having the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome or with a history of valve repair or replacement, being obese or having dyslipidemia. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results confirm the validity and reliability of the MDS in Arabic-speaking patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghdah Aljehani
- Rehabilitation Department, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaidaa Aljehani
- Rehabilitation Department, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa Alharazi
- Cardiology Department, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paula M. Horta
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Camila Kümmel Duarte
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Lima de Melo Ghisi
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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Le Goff D, Aerts N, Odorico M, Guillou-Landreat M, Perraud G, Bastiaens H, Musinguzi G, Le Reste JY, Barais M. Practical dietary interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease suitable for implementation in primary care: an ADAPTE-guided systematic review of international clinical guidelines. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:93. [PMID: 37507692 PMCID: PMC10385931 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally. The current model of care for high-income countries involves preventive medication and highly trained healthcare professionals, which is expensive and not transposable to low-income countries. An innovative, effective approach adapted to limited human, technical, and financial resources is required. Measures to reduce CVD risk factors, including diet, are proven to be effective. The survey "Scaling-up Packages of Interventions for Cardiovascular disease prevention in selected sites in Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa" aims to develop non-pharmacological cardiovascular prevention and control programs in primary care and community settings in high, middle, and low-income countries. This review aims to identify the existing, validated dietary interventions for primary CVD prevention from national and international clinical guidelines that can be implemented in primary care and communities. METHODS A systematic review of CVD prevention guidelines was conducted between September 2017 and March 2023 using the Turning Research Into Practice medical database, the Guidelines International Network, and a purposive search. The ADAPTE procedure was followed. Two researchers independently conducted the searches and appraisals. Guidelines published after 01/01/2012 addressing non-pharmacological, dietary interventions for primary CVD prevention or CVD risk factor management, in the adult general population in primary care or in community settings were included and appraised using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II score. Individual dietary recommendations and the studies supporting them were extracted. Then supporting data about each specific dietary intervention were extracted into a matrix. RESULTS In total, 1375 guidelines were identified, of which 39 were included. From these, 383 recommendations, covering 10 CVD prevention themes were identified. From these recommendations, 165 studies for effective dietary interventions for CVD prevention were found. Among these, the DASH diet was the most effective on multiple CVD risk factors. Combining diet with other interventions such as exercise and smoking cessation increased efficacy. No guidelines provided detailed implementation strategies. CONCLUSION The DASH diet combined with other interventions was the most effective on an individual basis. However, expansion in the wider population seems difficult, without government support to implement regulations such as reducing salt content in processed food. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials NCT03886064.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Le Goff
- Department of General Practice, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France.
- ER 7479 SPURBO, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France.
| | - Naomi Aerts
- Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Michele Odorico
- Department of General Practice, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France
- ER 7479 SPURBO, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France
| | - Morgane Guillou-Landreat
- ER 7479 SPURBO, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France
| | - Gabriel Perraud
- Department of General Practice, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France
- ER 7479 SPURBO, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France
| | - Hilde Bastiaens
- Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
- Global Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Geofrey Musinguzi
- Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jean-Yves Le Reste
- Department of General Practice, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France
- ER 7479 SPURBO, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France
| | - Marie Barais
- Department of General Practice, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France
- ER 7479 SPURBO, University of Western Brittany, 22, Av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, 29238, France
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11
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Maimaitiyiming M, Yang H, Zhou L, Zhang X, Cai Q, Wang Y. Associations between an obesity-related dietary pattern and incidence of overall and site-specific cancers: a prospective cohort study. BMC Med 2023; 21:251. [PMID: 37424008 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02955-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dietary pattern (DP) may impact on cancer incidence more strongly than individual foods, but this association remains uncertain. Here, we aimed to broadly explore the associations of an obesity-related DP with overall and 19 site-specific cancers. METHODS This study included 114,289 cancer-free participants with at least two dietary assessments. A total of 210 food items were classified into 47 food groups, and the mean amount of each food group was used in reduced-rank regression to derive the obesity-related DP. Cox regressions were conducted to explore the associations of the obesity-related DP with overall and 19 site-specific cancers. The parallel mediation model was constructed to quantify the mediating roles of potential mediators. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 9.4 years, 10,145 (8.9%) incident cancer cases were documented. The derived-DP was characterized by a higher intake of beer and cider, processed meat, high sugar beverages, red meat, and artificial sweetener, and a lower intake of fresh vegetables, olive oil, tea, and high fiber breakfast cereals. Observational analysis showed that a higher obesity-related DP Z-score was linearly associated with an increased risk of overall cancer (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.04 per 1-SD increase, corrected P < 0.001). For site-specific cancer, positive linear associations for six cancer sites (oral, colorectal, liver, lung, endometrium, and thyroid) and nonlinear associations for six cancer sites (esophagus, malignant melanoma, prostate, kidney, bladder, and multiple myeloma) were observed. The paralleled mediation analysis suggested that the association between the obesity-related DP and overall cancer is mediated by the body mass index (BMI), the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), C-reactive protein, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS The developed obesity-related DP is strongly associated with overall and multiple cancer sites. Our findings highlight the complicated and diverse associations between an obesity-related DP and cancers and provide clues for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongxi Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihui Zhou
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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12
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Terminel-Zaragoza R, Angulo-Urías M, de Jesús Toledo-Domínguez I, Quintero-Portillo H, Bojórquez-Díaz CI, Ulloa-Mercado G, Gortares-Moroyoqui P, Arias-Gastélum M, Legarreta-Muela F, Rentería-Mexía A. Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1125. [PMID: 37308860 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle changes when transitioning from high-school to college expose students to unhealthy behaviors associated with high cardiovascular risk. The study aimed to assess the cardiovascular behavior metrics according to the AHA criteria, in freshman college adolescents from Northwest Mexico. METHODS The study was cross-sectional. Demographics and health history were collected by questionnaires. Four behaviors were evaluated: diet quality using a duplicated FFQ, physical activity (PA) using the IPAQ, smoking, and body mass index (BMI) percentile; blood pressure was measured as a biological metric. Intakes were averaged and summed for each food group; sodium and saturated fat were calculated using the Mexican System of Food Equivalents or the USDA Database. Metrics were categorized into ideal, intermediate or poor level according to the AHA criteria. Diet outliers (± 3 SD) were trimmed and data was tested for normality. Mean±SD were calculated for continuous and percentages for categorical variables. Chi-square test compared the prevalence of demographic variables and levels of each cardiovascular metric by sex. Independent T-test evaluated differences in anthropometrics, dietary, and PA by sex, and the prevalence of ideal vs. non-ideal dietary intakes. RESULTS Participants were n = 228, 55.6% men, age = 18.5±0.4 y. A higher prevalence of men indicated working, playing sports, and family history hypertriglyceridemia (p < 0.05). Men showed higher weight, height, BMI, waist, blood pressure, and lower PA and body fat (p < 0.05). Concerning diet quality, significant differences by sex were observed in nuts and seeds (1.1±0.6 and 0.9±0.6 oz/week, p = 0.042) and processed meats (749.8±639 and 503.6±300.3 g/week, p = 0.002); only fish and shellfish group reached AHA recommendations (513.1 ± 450.7 vs. 501.7 ± 428 g/week, p = 0.671) for men and women, respectively. Ideal level was reached by 70.9% participants for BMI percentile, 87% for smoking, 67.2% for blood pressure, 25.9% for PA, and 12.2% for diet score. Regarding food groups and nutrients, the lower prevalence in the ideal level was for sugar-sweetened beverages (10%, p = 0.013) and processed meats (4.8%, p = 0.208), and the highest for fish and shellfish (87.8%, p = 0.281) . CONCLUSIONS The diet and PA patterns of Northwest Mexican freshman adolescents make them a high-risk group for developing long-term unhealthy habits and cardiovascular complications early in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Terminel-Zaragoza
- Maestría en Ciencias en Recursos Naturales, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Mariana Angulo-Urías
- Licenciatura en Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
| | | | | | | | - Gabriela Ulloa-Mercado
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Pablo Gortares-Moroyoqui
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Mayra Arias-Gastélum
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Gastronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
| | - Fátima Legarreta-Muela
- Maestría en Ciencias en Recursos Naturales, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Ana Rentería-Mexía
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México.
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13
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Sandgruber F, Höger AL, Kunze J, Schenz B, Griehl C, Kiehntopf M, Kipp K, Kühn J, Stangl GI, Lorkowski S, Dawczynski C. Impact of Regular Intake of Microalgae on Nutrient Supply and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Results from the NovAL Intervention Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071645. [PMID: 37049486 PMCID: PMC10097350 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A 14-day randomized controlled study with a parallel design was conducted with 80 healthy participants. Intervention groups I (IG1) and II (IG2) received a defined background diet and consumed a smoothie enriched with either 15 g of Chlorella dry weight (d.w.) or 15 g of Microchloropsis d.w. daily. Control group II (CG2) received a defined background diet without the smoothie. Control group I (CG1) received neither. Blood samples and 24-h urine were collected at the beginning and the end of the study. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, vitamin D3, selenium, iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol and the LDL-cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio decreased in IG1 (p < 0.05), while 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 increased (p < 0.05). In IG2, vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamins D2 and D3 decreased (p < 0.05), while concentrations of fatty acids C20:5n3 and C22:5n3 increased. Serum and urine uric acid increased in IG1 and IG2 (p < 0.05). Microchloropsis is a valuable source of n3 fatty acids, as is Chlorella of vitamin D2. Regular consumption of Chlorella may affect the iron and selenium status negatively but may impact blood lipids positively. An elevated uric acid concentration in blood and urine following the regular consumption of microalgae poses potential risks for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Sandgruber
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 29, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.S.); (J.K.); (B.S.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.K.); (G.I.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Anna-Lena Höger
- Competence Center Algal Biotechnology, Anhalt University of Applied Science, Bernburger Str. 55, 06366 Köthen, Germany; (A.-L.H.); (C.G.)
| | - Julia Kunze
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 29, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.S.); (J.K.); (B.S.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.K.); (G.I.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Benjamin Schenz
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 29, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.S.); (J.K.); (B.S.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.K.); (G.I.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Carola Griehl
- Competence Center Algal Biotechnology, Anhalt University of Applied Science, Bernburger Str. 55, 06366 Köthen, Germany; (A.-L.H.); (C.G.)
| | - Michael Kiehntopf
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Kristin Kipp
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Sophien- and Hufeland Hospital, Henry-Van-De-Velde-Str. 1, 99425 Weimar, Germany;
| | - Julia Kühn
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.K.); (G.I.S.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Gabriele I. Stangl
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.K.); (G.I.S.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.K.); (G.I.S.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christine Dawczynski
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 29, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.S.); (J.K.); (B.S.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.K.); (G.I.S.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Naghshi S, Tutunchi H, Yousefi M, Naeini F, Mobarak S, Asadi M, Sadeghi O. Soy isoflavone intake and risk of cardiovascular disease in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-15. [PMID: 36705465 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2163372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We examined the association between soy isoflavone intake and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in adults. We searched the online databases for relevant studies published up to September 2021. In total, 13 publications were included in the systematic review and 12 in the meta-analysis. We found that a high intake of soy isoflavones was significantly associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) among whole populations (Pooled RR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85-0.99, I2 = 41.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.10) and a lower risk of overall CVD (Pooled RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84-0.98, I2 = 30.7%, Pheterogeneity = 0.19) and CHD (Pooled RR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83-0.96, I2 = 14.4%, Pheterogeneity = 0.32) among Western population. In the linear dose-response analysis, a 3 mg/day increase in soy isoflavone intake was associated with 16% and 14% lower risks of overall CVD and CHD, respectively, among Western population. In conclusion, we found that soy isoflavone intake was associated with a lower risk of overall CVD and CHD in adults, particularly among Western population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Naghshi
- Nutrition Research Center, Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Yousefi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health and nutrition, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Mobarak
- Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Asadi
- Department of Operating Room Nursing, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Kocanda L, Schumacher TL, Plotnikoff RC, Whatnall MC, Fenwick M, Brown LJ, Rollo ME, Jansson A, Burrows TL, Duncan MJ, Britton B, May J, Kerr J, Rutherford J, Boyle A, Inder K, Collins CE. Effectiveness and reporting of nutrition interventions in cardiac rehabilitation programmes: a systematic review. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023; 22:1-12. [PMID: 35672581 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Dietary modification is essential for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, there are limited published evidence syntheses to guide practice in the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) setting. This systematic review's objective was to assess effectiveness and reporting of nutrition interventions to optimize dietary intake in adults attending CR. METHODS AND RESULTS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of nutrition interventions within CR were eligible for inclusion and had to have measured change in dietary intake. MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library were searched from 2000 to June 2020, limited to publications in English. Evidence from included RCTs was synthesized descriptively. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. This review is registered on PROSPERO; CRD42020188723. Of 13 048 unique articles identified, 11 were eligible. Randomized controlled trials were conducted in 10 different countries, included 1542 participants, and evaluated 29 distinct dietary intake outcomes. Five studies reported statistically significant changes in diet across 13 outcomes. Most nutrition interventions were not reported in a manner that allowed replication in clinical practice or future research. CONCLUSION There is a gap in research testing high-quality nutrition interventions in CR settings. Findings should be interpreted in the light of limitations, given the overall body of evidence was heterogenous across outcomes and study quality; 6 of 11 studies were conducted more than 10 years old. Future research should investigate strategies to optimize and maintain nutrition improvements for patients attending CR. REGISTRATION PROSPERO; CRD42020188723.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Kocanda
- Department of Rural Health, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Tracy L Schumacher
- Department of Rural Health, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Ronald C Plotnikoff
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Megan C Whatnall
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Matthew Fenwick
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Leanne J Brown
- Department of Rural Health, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Megan E Rollo
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Anna Jansson
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Mitch J Duncan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ben Britton
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Jennifer May
- Department of Rural Health, University of Newcastle, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia
| | - Jane Kerr
- Hunter New England Local Health District, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia
| | - Julie Rutherford
- Hunter New England Local Health District, Maitland, NSW 2320, Australia
| | - Andrew Boyle
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Kerry Inder
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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16
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Xue X, Li W, Xie M, Wang D, Li D, Xin P, Zheng W, Jiang G. High sodium diet intake and cardiovascular diseases: An attributable death study in Tianjin, China. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2022; 25:30-37. [PMID: 36445722 PMCID: PMC9832237 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is clear evidence that high sodium intake is associated with many health issues including hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Several national and worldwide studies have estimated deaths from CVDs attributable to high sodium. But how to evaluate the impact of high sodium intake on diseases using regional routine monitoring and investigation data is necessary and important. Our study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the high sodium intake attributed to CVDs deaths based on the routine monitoring data from China National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS) in Tianjin, China. The population attributable fractions (PAF) were calculated by comparing the observed systolic blood pressure (SBP) distribution with the theoretical minimum or counterfactual distribution by sex and age groups. The results showed that CVDs deaths due to elevated SBP were 22728 (95% uncertainty intervals: 22679-23050), accounting for 62.8% of total CVDs deaths. According to sodium intake recommended by World Health Organization (WHO), PAF of CVDs deaths attributable to high sodium diet in our study was 14.6% of total CVDs deaths, accounting for 5228 (95% UI: 5005-5998) cases. The dietary sodium intake of residents is nearly three times than sodium intake recommended by WHO. If sodium intake was reduced to reference level, the potential avoidable CVD deaths attributable to the SBP-raising effect were more than 5200 among adults 25 aged and over in Tianjin. This evaluation method can be extended to other cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Dan Xue
- Department of Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionTianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionTianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina
| | - Mei‐Qiu Xie
- Department of Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionTianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina
| | - De‐Zheng Wang
- Department of Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionTianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina
| | - Dan‐Dan Li
- Department of Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionTianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina
| | - Peng Xin
- Department of Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionTianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina
| | - Wen‐Long Zheng
- Department of Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionTianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina
| | - Guo‐Hong Jiang
- Department of Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionTianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina
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Diet quality indices and their associations with all-cause mortality, CVD and type 2 diabetes mellitus: an umbrella review. Br J Nutr 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36423897 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522003701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Numerous observational studies have investigated associations between diet indices and health outcomes. Our aim was to systematically synthesise data that was previously summarised separately for each diet index in one umbrella review of all diet indices with sufficient evidence gained in systematic reviews and to assess the quality and strength of evidence for selected health outcomes. The MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases were systematically searched following the PRISMA guidelines through October 2021 for systematic reviews of observational studies investigating associations between adherence to diet indices and selected health outcomes (all-cause mortality, CVD incidence or mortality, type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence or mortality). Methodological quality and quality of evidence were assessed using the AMSTAR 2 and NutriGrade tools. The inclusion criteria were met by seven systematic reviews, entirely based on prospective cohort studies and reviewing five different diet indices - alternate healthy eating index (AHEI), dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH), dietary inflammatory index (DII), healthy eating index (HEI) and Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). All seven included systematic reviews showed that greater adherence to these diet indices reduces the risks of all-cause mortality, CVD incidence and mortality and type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence. Moderate meta-evidence was presented for AHEI and DASH for all outcomes, also for DII for all-cause mortality, CVD mortality and incidence, MedDiet for all-cause mortality and for HEI for CVD incidence and mortality. Our umbrella review provides further evidence for AHEI, DASH, DII and HEI diet indices to be used as predictors of selected health outcomes.
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Cazzaniga E, Orlando A, Terenzio A, Suardi C, Mognetti C, Gennaro F, Antolini L, Palestini P. Health Status and Nutritional Habits in Maldives Pediatric Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15728. [PMID: 36497802 PMCID: PMC9740220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the Maldives, triggered by the nutrition transition to a "Western diet" that dramatically increases the prevalence of excess weight and hypertension. Our study aimed to evaluate dietary habits, blood pressure (BP) and body mass index in Maghoodoo Public School's students. A sample of 145 students (72 males and 73 females, age 9.37 ± 2.97 years) was enrolled. Factors causing excess weight were investigated through descriptive statistics. The relationship between blood pressure percentiles and possible influencing factors was investigated by a linear regression model.. Excess weight was present in 15.07% and 12.5% females and males, respectively. 15.18% of the subjects had elevated BP, with a significant difference according to gender detected only in the PAS z-score. Eating habits were investigated through a parent-filled questionnaire; 70.15% of the students consumed less than two portions of fruit per day, with a significant difference between gender (84.06% and 55.38% for boys and girls, respectively, p < 0.0001) and 71.64% ate less than two servings of vegetables per day. An alarming finding emerged for sweet snacks (30.6% of the students consumed 2-3 servings per day) and sugary drinks (2-3 servings per day for 32.84% of students) consumption. Our findings suggest that excess weight and hypertension in this population could be due to energy-rich, packaged-foods consumption. A nutrition education approach might thus help to reduce cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Cazzaniga
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonina Orlando
- Cardiologic Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Terenzio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
| | - Carlotta Suardi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
| | - Chiara Mognetti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
| | - Francesca Gennaro
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Antolini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Palestini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
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Qu JH, Tarasov KV, Chakir K, Tarasova YS, Riordon DR, Lakatta EG. Proteomic Landscape and Deduced Functions of the Cardiac 14-3-3 Protein Interactome. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213496. [PMID: 36359893 PMCID: PMC9654263 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The 14-3-3 protein family is known to interact with many proteins in non-cardiac cell types to regulate multiple signaling pathways, particularly those relating to energy and protein homeostasis; and the 14-3-3 network is a therapeutic target of critical metabolic and proteostatic signaling in cancer and neurological diseases. Although the heart is critically sensitive to nutrient and energy alterations, and multiple signaling pathways coordinate to maintain the cardiac cell homeostasis, neither the structure of cardiac 14-3-3 protein interactome, nor potential functional roles of 14-3-3 protein–protein interactions (PPIs) in heart has been explored. Objective: To establish the comprehensive landscape and characterize the functional role of cardiac 14-3-3 PPIs. Methods and Results: We evaluated both RNA expression and protein abundance of 14-3-3 isoforms in mouse heart, followed by co-immunoprecipitation of 14-3-3 proteins and mass spectrometry in left ventricle. We identified 52 proteins comprising the cardiac 14-3-3 interactome. Multiple bioinformatic analyses indicated that more than half of the proteins bound to 14-3-3 are related to mitochondria; and the deduced functions of the mitochondrial 14-3-3 network are to regulate cardiac ATP production via interactions with mitochondrial inner membrane proteins, especially those in mitochondrial complex I. Binding to ribosomal proteins, 14-3-3 proteins likely coordinate protein synthesis and protein quality control. Localizations of 14-3-3 proteins to mitochondria and ribosome were validated via immunofluorescence assays. The deduced function of cardiac 14-3-3 PPIs is to regulate cardiac metabolic homeostasis and proteostasis. Conclusions: Thus, the cardiac 14-3-3 interactome may be a potential therapeutic target in cardiovascular metabolic and proteostatic disease states, as it already is in cancer therapy.
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Linking Heart Health and Mental Wellbeing: Centering Indigenous Perspectives from across Canada. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216485. [PMID: 36362713 PMCID: PMC9657304 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Indigenous peoples have thrived since time immemorial across North America; however, over the past three to four generations there has been a marked increase in health disparities amongst Indigenous peoples versus the general population. Heart disease and mental health issues have been well documented and appear to be interrelated within Indigenous peoples across Canada. However, Western medicine has yet to clearly identify the reasons for the increased prevalence of heart disease and mental health issues and their relationship. In this narrative review, we discuss how Indigenous perspectives of health and wholistic wellness may provide greater insight into the connection between heart disease and mental wellbeing within Indigenous peoples and communities across Canada. We argue that colonization (and its institutions, such as the Indian Residential School system) and a failure to include or acknowledge traditional Indigenous health and wellness practices and beliefs within Western medicine have accelerated these health disparities within Indigenous peoples. We summarize some of the many Indigenous cultural perspectives and wholistic approaches to heart health and mental wellbeing. Lastly, we provide recommendations that support and wholistic perspective and Indigenous peoples on their journey of heart health and mental wellbeing.
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Rehman S, Jianglin Z. Micronutrient deficiencies and cardiac health. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1010737. [PMID: 36313070 PMCID: PMC9614333 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1010737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inadequate diet and nutritional quality are potentially correlated with an escalated risk of cardiac-related morbidity and mortality. A plethora of knowledge is available regarding the influence of heart-healthy dietary patterns in response to disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), yet little is known regarding the best approaches to adopt. In response, the present investigation aims to bridge this knowledge gap by implementing mathematical machine learning grey methodology to assess the degree of influence and the potential contributing factors in DALYs due to ischemic heart disease and stroke, in conjunction with the Hurwicz (Min-Max) criterion. The outcomes highlighted that a diet low in fruits is a potential contributor to IHD-related DALYS, whereas a diet low in vegetables is a more grounded contributor to stroke-related DALYs in Spain, among others. Moreover, the Hurwicz approach highlighted IHD to be more impacted due to dietary and nutritional factors than stroke. In conclusion, our investigation strongly supports a balanced diet and precision nutrition guidelines as a strategy for reducing cardiac-related diseases in the Spanish population. It is a public health primary consideration to build an ambiance that encourages, rather than hinders, compliance with cardioprotective dietary practices among all people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Rehman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule, Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Zhang Jianglin
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China,Candidate Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Zhang Jianglin
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22
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Kim ST, Song YH. Nutrition, Body Composition, and Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13272. [PMID: 36293851 PMCID: PMC9603145 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between nutrition and blood pressure and the role that body composition plays in this relationship. Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from the years 2008-2020 were reviewed. A total of 11,234 subjects (5974 boys and 5260 girls) aged 10-18 years of age were selected. We analyzed the correlation between nutrition (intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, sodium, saturated fatty acid (SFA), unsaturated fatty acid (USFA), and dietary fiber (DF)) and body composition (height, weight, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and waist to height ratio (WHtR)), and performed multiple regression analysis to find the independent correlation between body composition and blood pressure (BP). We then compared the correlation between nutrition and BP, with or without adjustment for body composition. The intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, sodium, and USFA had positive associations with height, weight, WC, and BMI. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were independently positively correlated with height and BMI. The intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, sodium, and SFA had positive correlations with SBP and DBP, which disappeared when additionally adjusted for BMI and height. In conclusion, nutrition seems to affect BP via height and BMI in Korean children and adolescents.
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The Effect of Different Nutritional Education Models on Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors by Improving Dietary Fat Quality in Hemodialysis Patients. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183840. [PMID: 36145214 PMCID: PMC9501255 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common complication in hemodialysis patients. Nutritional education provided by dietitians could improve overall dietary quality and dietary fat quality to reduce the risk of CVD. However, no studies have investigated the relationship between dietary fat quality (using the hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio, or the h/H) and CVD risk factors in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the h/H and CVD risk factors, and further explore how nutritional education intervention models could improve dietary fat quality and CVD risk factors in hemodialysis patients. A quasi-experimental design was conducted from May 2019 to April 2021 on four groups, including ‘no course for patients and nurses’ as the non-C group, a “course for nurses” as the CN group, a “course for patients” as the CP group, and a “course for patients and nurses” as the CPN group. Nutritional education booklets based on a healthy eating index for hemodialysis patients were developed and provided to patients and nurses. Data of 119 patients were collected at baseline, intervention, and follow-up periods, including patients’ basic information, blood biochemical data, dietary content, and calculated h/H. The results showed that the h/H was negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Compared with the non-C group, the CPN group was significantly higher in the h/H as well as HDL-C, and significantly lower in serum total cholesterol. In conclusion, the h/H was found to predict CVD risk factors, which helps in improving dyslipidemia. Nutritional education for both patients and nurses showed a beneficial impact on reducing CVD risks in hemodialysis patients.
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Zhu Z, Li FR, Jia Y, Li Y, Guo D, Chen J, Tian H, Yang J, Yang HH, Chen LH, Zhang K, Yang P, Sun L, Shi M, Zhang Y, Qin LQ, Chen GC. Association of Lifestyle With Incidence of Heart Failure According to Metabolic and Genetic Risk Status: A Population-Based Prospective Study. Circ Heart Fail 2022; 15:e009592. [PMID: 35975661 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.122.009592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether lifestyle factors are similarly associated with risk of heart failure (HF) for individuals with different metabolic or genetic risk status remains unclear. METHODS We included 464 483 participants from UK Biobank who were free of major cardiovascular disease or HF during baseline recruitment. Healthy lifestyle factors included avoidance of smoking, no obesity, regular physical activity, and healthy diet. Lifestyle was categorized as favorable (3 or 4 healthy lifestyle factors), intermediate (2 healthy lifestyle factors), and unfavorable (0 or 1 healthy lifestyle factor) lifestyles. Metabolic status was defined by the presence of hypertension, high total cholesterol, or diabetes at baseline. A weighted genetic risk score was created based on 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with HF. RESULTS Compared with favorable lifestyle, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of HF were 1.79 (95% CI, 1.68-1.90) and 2.90 (95% CI, 2.70-3.11) for intermediate lifestyle and unfavorable lifestyle, respectively (Ptrend <0.0001). This association was largely consistent regardless of the presence of any single metabolic risk factor or the number of metabolic risk factors (Pinteraction ≥0.21). The association was also similar across different genetic risk categories (Pinteraction=0.92). In a joint analysis, the hazard ratio of HF was 4.05 (95% CI, 3.43-4.77) comparing participants who had both higher genetic risk and an unfavorable lifestyle with those having lower genetic risk and a favorable lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS Combined lifestyle was associated with incident HF regardless of metabolic or genetic risk status, supporting the recommendation of healthy lifestyles for HF prevention across the entire population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology (Z.Z., Y.J., D.G., K.Z., P.Y., L.S., M.S., Y.Z.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Health and Precision Medicine (F.-R.L.), Southern University of Science and Technology, China
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management (F.-R.L.), Southern University of Science and Technology, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (F.-R.L.)
| | - Yiming Jia
- Department of Epidemiology (Z.Z., Y.J., D.G., K.Z., P.Y., L.S., M.S., Y.Z.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (Y.L.)
| | - Daoxia Guo
- Department of Epidemiology (Z.Z., Y.J., D.G., K.Z., P.Y., L.S., M.S., Y.Z.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
- School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases and School of Nursing (D.G.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (J.C., J.Y., L.-Q.Q., G.-C.C.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Haili Tian
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, China (H.T.)
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (J.C., J.Y., L.-Q.Q., G.-C.C.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (J.Y.)
| | - Huan-Huan Yang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (H.-H.Y.)
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, China (L.-H.C.)
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology (Z.Z., Y.J., D.G., K.Z., P.Y., L.S., M.S., Y.Z.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Pinni Yang
- Department of Epidemiology (Z.Z., Y.J., D.G., K.Z., P.Y., L.S., M.S., Y.Z.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology (Z.Z., Y.J., D.G., K.Z., P.Y., L.S., M.S., Y.Z.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Mengyao Shi
- Department of Epidemiology (Z.Z., Y.J., D.G., K.Z., P.Y., L.S., M.S., Y.Z.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology (Z.Z., Y.J., D.G., K.Z., P.Y., L.S., M.S., Y.Z.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (J.C., J.Y., L.-Q.Q., G.-C.C.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (J.C., J.Y., L.-Q.Q., G.-C.C.), Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, China
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The association between the dietary pattern in abdominal obesity based on visceral fat index and dyslipidaemia in the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:762-769. [PMID: 34511145 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the association between dietary patterns in abdominal obesity obtained by reduced-rank regression (RRR) with visceral fat index (VFI) as a dependent variable and dyslipidemia in rural adults in Henan, China. A total of 29538 people aged 18-79 were selected from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. RRR analysis was used to identify dietary patterns; logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline regression models were applied to analyze the association between dietary patterns in abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia. VFI was used as a mediator to estimate the mediation effect. The dietary pattern in abdominal obesity was characterized by high carbohydrate and red meat intake and low consumption of fresh fruits, vegetables, milk, etc. After full adjustment, the highest quartile of dietary pattern scores was significantly associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia (OR: 1·33, 95 % CI 1·23-1·44, Ptrend < 0·001), there was a non-linear dose-response relationship between them (Poverall-association < 0·001, Pnon-lin-association = 0·022). The result was similar in dose-response between the dietary pattern scores and VFI. The indirect effect partially mediated by VFI was significant (OR: 1·07, 95 % CI 1·06-1·08). VIF explained approximately 53·3 % of odds of dyslipidemia related to the dietary pattern. Abdominal obesity dietary pattern scores positively affected VFI and dyslipidemia; there was a dose-response in both relationships. Dyslipidemia progression increased with higher abdominal obesity dietary pattern scores. In addition, VFI played a partial mediating role in relationship between abdominal obesity dietary pattern and dyslipidemia.
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Samadani M, Mansoori A, Haybar H, Haidari F, Mohammadshahi M. Association Between Dietary Quality Indices and Atherosclerosis Risk: A Case-Control Study. Nutr Metab Insights 2022; 15:11786388221111934. [PMID: 35874271 PMCID: PMC9301100 DOI: 10.1177/11786388221111934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several diet quality scores have been developed to evaluate the health
benefits of individual diets such as Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Dietary
Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean diet score (Med).
This study aims to determine the relationship between dominant dietary
health scores with the risk of atherosclerosis in Iranian adults. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 323 patients with atherosclerosis
and 334 individuals without atherosclerosis as control group. Food Frequency
Questionnaire was used for obtaining dietary intakes; then HEI, DASH score,
and Med score was calculated. Logistic regression models were used to
calculate Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) between
quartiles of the HEI, DASH and Med and atherosclerosis risk. Results: The results showed that total scores for HEI, DASH, and Med in control group
was higher than the atherosclerosis group. The results also indicated that
higher adherence to HEI (OR: 0.43; CI: [0.24, 0.76],
P-trend = .006), DASH (OR: 0.48; CI: [0.3, 0.78],
P-trend = .003), and Mediterranean pattern (OR: 0.4;
CI: [0.21, 0.76]) decreased odds ratio of atherosclerosis. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that adherence to HEI, DASH, and Mediterranean diet
might be associated with a lower risk of Atherosclerosis and can have a
positive effect on general health and prevention of chronic diseases in
people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Samadani
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Anahita Mansoori
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Habib Haybar
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Haidari
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Majid Mohammadshahi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Hyperlipidemic Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Tackling Atherosclerosis via Selected Nutrition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158233. [PMID: 35897799 PMCID: PMC9368664 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are significantly influenced by lifestyle, particularly nutrition. The modern level of science and technology development promote personalized nutrition as an efficient preventive measure against atherosclerosis. In this survey, the factors were revealed that contribute to the formation of an individual approach to nutrition: genetic characteristics, the state of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and environmental factors (diets, bioactive components, cardioprotectors, etc.). In the course of the work, it was found that in order to analyze the predisposition to atherosclerosis associated with nutrition, genetic features affecting the metabolism of nutrients are significant. The genetic features include the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of genes and epigenetic factors. The influence of telomere length on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and circadian rhythms was also considered. Relatively new is the study of the relationship between chrono-nutrition and the development of metabolic diseases. That is, to obtain the relationship between nutrition and atherosclerosis, a large number of genetic markers should be considered. In this relation, the question arises: “How many genetic features need to be analyzed in order to form a personalized diet for the consumer?” Basically, companies engaged in nutrigenetic research and choosing a diet for the prevention of a number of metabolic diseases use SNP analysis of genes that accounts for lipid metabolism, vitamins, the body’s antioxidant defense system, taste characteristics, etc. There is no set number of genetic markers. The main diets effective against the development of atherosclerosis were considered, and the most popular were the ketogenic, Mediterranean, and DASH-diets. The advantage of these diets is the content of foods with a low amount of carbohydrates, a high amount of vegetables, fruits and berries, as well as foods rich in antioxidants. However, due to the restrictions associated with climatic, geographical, material features, these diets are not available for a number of consumers. The way out is the use of functional products, dietary supplements. In this approach, the promising biologically active substances (BAS) that exhibit anti-atherosclerotic potential are: baicalin, resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin and other plant metabolites. Among the substances, those of animal origin are popular: squalene, coenzyme Q10, omega-3. For the prevention of atherosclerosis through personalized nutrition, it is necessary to analyze the genetic characteristics (SNP) associated with the metabolism of nutrients, to assess the state of the microbiota of the GIT. Based on the data obtained and food preferences, as well as the individual capabilities of the consumer, the optimal diet can be selected. It is topical to exclude nutrients of which their excess consumption stimulates the occurrence and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and to enrich the diet with functional foods (FF), BAS containing the necessary anti-atherosclerotic, and stimulating microbiota of the GIT nutrients. Personalized nutrition is a topical preventive measure and there are a number of problems hindering the active use of this approach among consumers. The key factors include weak evidence of the influence of a number of genetic features, the high cost of the approach, and difficulties in the interpretation of the results. Eliminating these deficiencies will contribute to the maintenance of a healthy state of the population through nutrition.
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Benameur K, Gandrakota N, Ali MK. Nutritional Counseling of Stroke Patients by Neurology Residents, a Call to Action. Front Neurol 2022; 13:940931. [PMID: 35899264 PMCID: PMC9309345 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.940931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poor diet quality has been found to be an independent risk factor for mortality in stroke. However, it is unknown to what extent Neurologists are trained and are comfortable enough to provide dietary counseling to stroke patients. Objective To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of neurology residents relating to dietary counseling of stroke patients. Methods An online anonymous survey was administered to neurology residents throughout the country between August and November 2019 among a total of 109 (68%) US neurology programs. Self-reported practices and knowledge regarding stroke prevention through nutritional counseling were queried using validated questionnaires. Results 453 responses out of a potential 672 were received. A minority of residents (12.3%) consistently offered nutritional counseling to stroke patients. 47.7% considered that it was not the neurologist's role to provide nutritional counseling to stroke patients. 83.4% of residents felt that it was the responsibility of the dietician to provide nutritional counseling, yet only 21.4% of residents consistently referred stroke patients to a dietician. 77.9% of respondents felt nutritional counseling is important for stroke patients, yet 65.6% felt they were not adequately trained to provide nutritional counseling. Conclusion Neurologists in training believe diet to be an important part of stroke prevention, but practical knowledge and training in nutrition are suboptimal. This study suggests the need to include nutrition as an integral part of neurology training, to ensure neurologists feel empowered to be an important part of the team providing nutritional counseling to stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Benameur
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Karima Benameur
| | - Nikhila Gandrakota
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mohammed K. Ali
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Xiao H, Yan Y, Gu Y, Zhang Y. Strategy for sodium-salt substitution: On the relationship between hypertension and dietary intake of cations. Food Res Int 2022; 156:110822. [PMID: 35650987 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD), have become one of the main causes affecting human health. Hypertension is a prominent representative of CVD. The formation and development of hypertension is closely related to people's daily diet. A large number of studies have shown that excessive intake of salt (NaCl) could increase the risk of hypertension. In recent years, more and more investigations have focused on other cations that may be contained in edible salt, exploring whether they have an effect on hypertension and the underlying mechanism. This article focuses on the relationship between four metal elements (potassium, calcium, magnesium, and zinc) and hypertension, by discussing the main metabolic pathway, the impact of diet intake on blood pressure, and especially the regulation mechanisms on blood pressure in detail. At the same time, some opinions and suggestions are put forward, combined with the current hot topics "salt reduction" and "salt substitution".
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Xiao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yali Yan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanpei Gu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Mellor R, Saunders-Dow E, Mayr HL. Scope of Use and Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions for Improving Health-Related Outcomes in Veterans: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102094. [PMID: 35631235 PMCID: PMC9147269 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Military veterans often have numerous physical and mental health conditions and can face unique challenges to intervention and management. Dietary interventions can improve the outcomes in many health conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the scope of health conditions targeted with dietary interventions and the effectiveness of these interventions for improving health-related outcomes in veterans. A systematic literature review was performed following PRISMA guidelines to identify and evaluate studies related to veterans and dietary interventions. Five electronic databases were searched, identifying 2669 references. Following screening, 35 studies were evaluated, and 18 were related to a US national veteran weight-loss program. The included studies were critically appraised, and the findings were narratively synthesized. Study designs ranged from randomised controlled trials to cohort studies and were predominantly U.S. based. The intervention durations ranged from one to 24 months. The mean subject age ranged from 39.0 to 69.7 years, with often predominantly male participants, and the mean body mass index ranged from 26.4 to 42.9 kg/m2. Most dietary interventions for veterans were implemented in populations with overweight/obesity or chronic disease and involved single dietary interventions or dietary components of holistic lifestyle interventions. The most common primary outcome of interest was weight loss. The success of dietary interventions was generally moderate, and barriers included poor compliance, mental health conditions and large drop-out rates. The findings from this review illustrate the need for further refinement of dietary and lifestyle interventions for the management of veterans with chronic health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mellor
- Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, QLD 4021, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Elise Saunders-Dow
- Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, QLD 4021, Australia;
| | - Hannah L. Mayr
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia;
- Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Buranda, QLD 4102, Australia
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Fragrant rapeseed oil consumption prevents blood cholesterol accumulation via promoting fecal bile excretion and reducing oxidative stress in high cholesterol diet fed rats. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Limosilactobacillus fermentum Strains with Claimed Probiotic Properties Exert Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties and Prevent Cardiometabolic Disorder in Female Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 15:601-613. [PMID: 34817804 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of a mixed formulation containing Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum 139, L. fermentum 263, and L. fermentum 296 on cardiometabolic parameters, inflammatory markers, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) fecal contents, and oxidative stress in colon, liver, heart, and kidney tissues of female rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Female Wistar rats were allocated into control diet (CTL, n = 6), HFD (n = 6), and HFD receiving L. fermentum formulation (HFD-LF, n = 6). L. fermentum formulation (1 × 109 CFU/mL of each strain) was administered two twice a day for 4 weeks. Administration of L. fermentum increased acetate and succinate fecal contents and reduced hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in rats fed a HFD (p < 0.05). Administration of L. fermentum decreased low-grade inflammation and improved antioxidant capacity along the gut, liver, heart, and kidney tissues in female rats fed a HFD (p < 0.05). Administration of L. fermentum prevented dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress in colon, liver, heart, and kidney in female rats fed a HFD.
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Asghari G, Farhadnejad H, Teymoori F, Emamat H, Shahrzad MK, Habibi-Moeini AS, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Association of Dietary Diabetes Risk Reduction Score With Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Iranian Population: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 31:101-109. [PMID: 34176740 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no data available regarding the association of dietary diabetes risk reduction score (DDRRS) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) worldwide. We aimed to investigate the association of the DDRRS with the risk of CVD outcomes in a prospective population-based study. METHOD Individuals without CVD (n=2,195) were recruited from participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2006-2008) and followed for a mean of 6.7 years. The DDRRS was determined on the basis of eight components using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazard regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate the hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI) of CVD across quartiles of DDRRS. RESULTS The mean ± standard deviation age of participants (44.8% male) was 38.8±13.0 years at baseline. Median DDRRS for all patients was 23 (intequartile range 20-26). During follow-up, 77 (3.5%) new cases of CVD were identified. After adjustment for confounding variables, including age, sex, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, energy intake, diabetes, and hypertension, no association was found between DDRRS and risk of CVD (odds ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.36-1.37 [p-value for trend=0.351]). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study showed that higher DDRRS is not associated with risk of CVD events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golaleh Asghari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Teymoori
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Emamat
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karim Shahrzad
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Shohadae Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Siamak Habibi-Moeini
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gąska I, Sygit K, Cipora E, Sygit M, Pacian A, Surmach M, Kaleta D, Rzeźnicki A. Assessment of the Health Behaviours and Value-Based Health Analysis of People Aged 50+ Who Were Hospitalized Due to Cardiovascular Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084221. [PMID: 33923460 PMCID: PMC8074081 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The basic determinant of healthy behaviour—among other human behaviours—is the fact that it consistently affects health. Nowadays, health behaviour studies are considered to be an important method of measuring the health of a population. Objective: To assess the health behaviours and value-based health analysis of people aged 50+ who were hospitalized due to cardiovascular disease, depending on the selected descriptive variables. Materials and methods: The study was conducted between April 2018 and December 2018 among 411 subjects aged 50+ who were hospitalized due to cardiovascular disease at the Independent Public Health Care Unit in Sanok (Podkarpackie voivodship in Poland). The method used in the study was a diagnostic survey. The study used the authors’ survey questionnaire and two standardized tests: Inventory of Health-Related Behaviour (IHB) and List of Health Criteria (LHC). A statistical analysis was carried out in the R program, version 3.5.1. The obtained results were subjected to thorough statistical analysis using the following tests: Student’s t, Mann–Whitney U, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (LSD), Pearson, and Spearman. Results: The strongest correlation between health status and health behaviours (according to the IHB questionnaire) was in the area of ‘health practices’, while the lowest correlation was found in the areas of ‘correct eating habits’ and ‘preventive behaviours’. Based on the LHC questionnaire, the most important health criteria according to the subjects were ‘not feeling any physical ailments’; ‘having all body parts functional’; ‘feeling well’; ‘eating properly’; and ‘infrequent need of going to the doctor’. A positive correlation was found in the group of respondents where the ‘preventive health behaviours’ were more intense; herein, the more important criterion for the respondents was ‘eating properly’. Conclusions: Respondents aged 50+ and hospitalized for cardiovascular diseases indicated (based on the IHB questionnaire) that health behaviours in the area of ‘health practices’ had the strongest correlation with their health, while the lowest correlation was found in the areas of ‘correct eating habits’ and ‘preventive behaviours’. According to the respondents, the most important criteria determining health (according to the LHC questionnaire) included ’not feeling any physical ailments’; ‘having all body parts functional’; ‘feeling well’; ‘eating properly’; and ‘infrequent need of going to the doctor’. Based on the information collected from the respondents, it was found that the most important criteria determining health depended on selected descriptive variables, such as age, gender, place of residence, education, and marital status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Gąska
- Medical Institute, Jan Godek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland; (I.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Katarzyna Sygit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Elżbieta Cipora
- Medical Institute, Jan Godek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland; (I.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Marian Sygit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
| | - Anna Pacian
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Maryna Surmach
- Head of the Department of Public Health and Health Services, Grodno State Medical University, 230009 Grodno, Belarus;
| | - Dorota Kaleta
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Adam Rzeźnicki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
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Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Drug-Drug and Drug-Dietary Supplement Interactions among Patients Admitted for Cardiothoracic Surgery in Greece. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020239. [PMID: 33572247 PMCID: PMC7914879 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Drug interactions represent a major issue in clinical settings, especially for critically ill patients such as those with cardiovascular disease (CVD) who require cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) and receive a high number of different medications. Methods: A cross-sectional study aimed at evaluating the exposure and clinical significance of drug–drug (DDIs) and drug–dietary supplement interactions (DDSIs) in patients admitted for CTS in the University Hospital of Crete Greece. DDIs were evaluated regarding underlying pharmacological mechanisms upon admission, preoperation, postoperation, and discharge from CTS clinic. Additionally, upon admission, the use of dietary supplements (DSs) and if patients had informed their treating physician that they were using these were recorded with subsequent analysis of potential DDSIs with prescribed medications. Results: The study employed 76 patients who were admitted for CTS and accepted to participate. Overall, 166 unique DDIs were identified, with 32% of them being related to pharmacokinetic (PK) processes and the rest (68%) were related to possible alterations of pharmacodynamic (PD) action. CVD medications and drugs for central nervous system disorders were the most frequently interacting medications. In total, 12% of the identified DDIs were of serious clinical significance. The frequency of PK-DDIs was higher during admission and discharge, whereas PD-DDIs were mainly recorded during pre- and postoperation periods. Regarding DS usage, 60% of patients were using DSs and perceived them as safe, and the majority had not informed their treating physician of this or sought out medical advice. Analysis of medical records showed 30 potential combinations with prescribed medications that could lead in DDSIs due to modulation of PK or PD processes, and grapefruit juice consumption was involved in 38% of them. Conclusions: An increased burden of DDIs and DDSIs was identified mostly upon admission for patients in CTS clinics in Greece. Healthcare providers, especially prescribing physicians in Greece, should always take into consideration the possibility of DDIs and the likely use of DS products by patients to promote their well-being; this should only be undertaken after receiving medical advice and an evidenced-based evaluation.
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[Assessment of adherence to the Mediterranean diet in university Health Sciences students and its relationship with level of physical activity]. NUTR HOSP 2021; 38:814-820. [PMID: 34024112 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objective: to assess the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the practice of physical activity in university Health Sciences students in Castile-La Mancha. Methods: this was a cross-sectional, observational study by means of a dietary and physical activity survey. The sample consisted of 575 university students (77.7 % women). An initial data collection survey was developed using the Google Forms platform (https://www.google.com/forms/about/). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed with the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) questionnaire and the modified Prevention with Mediterranean Diet (PREDIMED) questionnaire. The Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity Scale (RAPA) questionnaire was used to measure physical activity. Results: we found a 58.3 % adherence to Mediterranean diet among Health Sciences students, with 38.6 % of average adherence, and 5.0 % of poor adherence, with a low consumption of fruits with no gender differences, and a high consumption of red or processed meat and butter or cream with significant differences between women and men. There is also a high consumption of carbonated beverages (more frequent in women). Likewise, a high percentage of students (22.5 %) do practically no physical activity. As for physical exercise, it is always higher in men, with significant differences (p > 0.05). Conclusion: this study suggests that the sample of university Health Sciences students in Castile-La Mancha shows an acceptable adherence to the Mediterranean diet and insufficient levels of physical activity.
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Hosseini-Esfahani F, Koochakpoor G, Tahmasebinejad Z, Khalili D, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. The association of dietary macronutrients composition with the incidence of cardiovascular disease, using iso-energetic substitution models: Tehran lipid and glucose study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:2186-2193. [PMID: 32980248 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dietary macronutrient composition plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed at assessing the iso-energetic substitution of dietary macronutrients in relation to the incidence of CVD. MATERIALS AND RESULTS This prospective study was conducted on 5102 individuals of Tehran lipid and glucose study participants, aged 20-70 years who were followed for 5.3 years. A valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes. The hazard ratio of CVD for each 5% of energy from macronutrients at the expense of another macronutrient was calculated using the substitution model. During follow-up, a total of 206 CVD outcomes were identified. Mean age of participants (44.2% men) was 47.0 ± 12 and 45.6 ± 11 for men and women, respectively. Substituting 5% of energy from all types of macronutrients by 5% percentage of energy from combined saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was associated with a decrease in the risk of CVD by almost 20%. Higher energy intake from total-, starchy-, and nonstarchy carbohydrates replaced by other macronutrients was not significantly associated with the risk of CVD. Each 5% of energy from animal protein (HR: 1.09 and CI: 1.02-1.16) independently increased the risk of CVD in the adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. CONCLUSION Higher percentage of energy from animal protein independently increased the risk of CVD, replacement of SFA and MUFA together with other macronutrients was inversely associated with CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zhila Tahmasebinejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Khalili
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Carrizzo A, Izzo C, Forte M, Sommella E, Di Pietro P, Venturini E, Ciccarelli M, Galasso G, Rubattu S, Campiglia P, Sciarretta S, Frati G, Vecchione C. A Novel Promising Frontier for Human Health: The Beneficial Effects of Nutraceuticals in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228706. [PMID: 33218062 PMCID: PMC7698807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and diabetes are a significant public health problem worldwide. Although several novel pharmacological treatments to reduce the progression of CVDs have been discovered during the last 20 years, the better way to contain the onset of CVDs remains prevention. In this regard, nutraceuticals seem to own a great potential in maintaining human health, exerting important protective cardiovascular effects. In the last years, there has been increased focus on identifying natural compounds with cardiovascular health-promoting effects and also to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved. Although many review articles have focused on the individual natural compound impact on cardiovascular diseases, the aim of this manuscript was to examine the role of the most studied nutraceuticals, such as resveratrol, cocoa, quercetin, curcumin, brassica, berberine and Spirulina platensis, on different CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albino Carrizzo
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Carmine Izzo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Maurizio Forte
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Eduardo Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Paola Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Eleonora Venturini
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Gennaro Galasso
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Ospedale S.Andrea, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Petro Campiglia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 74, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 74, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Ghoch ME, Shamieh SE. Is There a Link Between Nutrition, Genetics, and Cardiovascular Disease? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7030033. [PMID: 32867398 PMCID: PMC7570096 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders that mainly include coronary, cerebrovascular and rheumatic heart diseases [1].[...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan El Ghoch
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon
- Correspondence:
| | - Said El Shamieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon;
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Saeedi P, Haszard J, Stoner L, Skeaff S, Black KE, Davison B, Harrex H, Meredith-Jones K, Quigg R, Wong JE, Skidmore PML. Relationships between Dietary Patterns and Indices of Arterial Stiffness and Central Arterial Wave Reflection in 9-11-Year-Old Children. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7060066. [PMID: 32630564 PMCID: PMC7346172 DOI: 10.3390/children7060066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is an important marker of vascular damage and a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Given that pathophysiological processes leading to an increased arterial stiffness begin during childhood, the aim of this clustered observational study was to determine the relationship between modifiable factors including dietary patterns and indices of aortic arterial stiffness and wave reflection in 9–11-year-old children. Data collection was conducted between April and December 2015 in 17 primary schools in Dunedin, New Zealand. Dietary data were collected using a previously validated food frequency questionnaire and identified using principal component analysis method. Arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, PWV) and central arterial wave reflection (augmentation index, AIx) were measured using the SphygmoCor XCEL system (Atcor Medical, Sydney, Australia). Complete data for PWV and AIx analyses were available for 389 and 337 children, respectively. The mean age of children was 9.7 ± 0.7 years, 49.0% were girls and 76.0% were classified as “normal weight”. The two identified dietary patterns were “Snacks” and “Fruit and Vegetables”. Mean PWV and AIx were 5.8 ± 0.8 m/s and −2.1 ± 14.1%, respectively. There were no clinically meaningful relationships between the identified dietary pattern scores and either PWV or AIx in 9–11-year-old children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Saeedi
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (P.S.); (J.H.); (S.S.); (K.E.B.); (B.D.); (H.H.)
| | - Jillian Haszard
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (P.S.); (J.H.); (S.S.); (K.E.B.); (B.D.); (H.H.)
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27519, USA;
| | - Sheila Skeaff
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (P.S.); (J.H.); (S.S.); (K.E.B.); (B.D.); (H.H.)
| | - Katherine E. Black
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (P.S.); (J.H.); (S.S.); (K.E.B.); (B.D.); (H.H.)
| | - Brittany Davison
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (P.S.); (J.H.); (S.S.); (K.E.B.); (B.D.); (H.H.)
| | - Harriet Harrex
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (P.S.); (J.H.); (S.S.); (K.E.B.); (B.D.); (H.H.)
| | | | - Robin Quigg
- Cancer Society Social and Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Jyh Eiin Wong
- Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Paula M. L. Skidmore
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (P.S.); (J.H.); (S.S.); (K.E.B.); (B.D.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang XL, Zhang Z, Zhu YX, Tao J, Zhang Y, Wang YY, Ke YY, Ren CX, Xu J, Zhang XY. Comparison of the efficacy of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form in recognizing sarcopenia and predicting its mortality. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 74:1029-1037. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-0621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Magriplis E, Panagiotakos D, Kyrou I, Tsioufis C, Mitsopoulou AV, Karageorgou D, Dimakopoulos I, Bakogianni I, Chourdakis M, Micha R, Michas G, Ntouroupi T, Tsaniklidou SM, Argyri K, Zampelas A. Presence of Hypertension Is Reduced by Mediterranean Diet Adherence in All Individuals with a More Pronounced Effect in the Obese: The Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS). Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030853. [PMID: 32209978 PMCID: PMC7146360 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study’s aim was to examine associations between hypertension and a priori known lifestyle risk factors, including weight status and Mediterranean diet adherence. The study included a representative sample of the adult population (N = 3775 (40.8% males)), from the Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS), which took place from September 2013 to May 2015. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected using validated questionnaires, and blood pressure (BP) measurements were performed for the two main metropolitan areas (N = 1040; 41.1%). Hypertension diagnosis was according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) guidelines. Weighted proportions, extended Mantel–Haenszel (M–H) analyses, and multiple logistic regressions (for the survey data) were performed. Mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were 118.6 mmHg and 72.2 mmHg respectively, with both values being higher in males compared to females in all age groups (p < 0.001). Study participants with hyperlipidemia or diabetes, and those overweight, were almost twice as likely to be hypertensives, with the odds increasing to 4 for those obese (p for all, < 0.05). Stricter Mediterranean diet adherence significantly decreased the likelihood of hypertension by 36% (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.439, 0.943), and a significant interaction was found between Mediterranean diet adherence and weight status on hypertension. The presence of hypertension is clustered with comorbidities, but is significantly associated with modifiable risk factors, including Mediterranean diet and weight status, underlining the need for personalized medical nutritional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuella Magriplis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education Harokopio University, Athens, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 176 76 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (I.K.)
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education Harokopio University, Athens, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 176 76 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (I.K.)
- Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
- WISDEM, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Anastasia-Vasiliki Mitsopoulou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Dimitra Karageorgou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02110, USA
| | - Ioannis Dimakopoulos
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Ioanna Bakogianni
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Michalis Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Renata Micha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02110, USA
| | - George Michas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Elpis” General Hospital of Athens, 106 75 Athens, Greece
| | - Triantafyllia Ntouroupi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Sophia-Maria Tsaniklidou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Kostantina Argyri
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Antonis Zampelas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (A.-V.M.); (D.K.); (I.D.); (I.B.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (T.N.); (S.-M.T.); (K.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-5294701
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Rychter AM, Ratajczak AE, Zawada A, Dobrowolska A, Krela-Kaźmierczak I. Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity. Nutrients 2020; 12:E814. [PMID: 32204478 PMCID: PMC7146494 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cardiovascular disease and its risk factors have been widely studied and new methods of diagnosis and treatment have been developed and implemented, the morbidity and mortality levels are still rising-cardiovascular disease is responsible for more than four million deaths each year in Europe alone. Even though nutrition is classified as one of the main and changeable risk factors, the quality of the diet in the majority of people does not follow the recommendations essential for prevention of obesity and cardiovascular disease. It demonstrates the need for better nutritional education in cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment, and the need to emphasize dietary components most relevant in cardiovascular disease. In our non-systematic review, we summarize the most recent knowledge about nutritional risk and prevention in cardiovascular disease and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Rychter
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, University of Medical Sciences Poznan, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.E.R.); (A.Z.); (A.D.)
| | | | | | | | - Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, University of Medical Sciences Poznan, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.E.R.); (A.Z.); (A.D.)
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Carro A, Panisello JM. Deciphering the Riddles in Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease. Eur Cardiol 2020; 14:141-150. [PMID: 31933681 PMCID: PMC6950215 DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2019.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading global cause of death in Western countries, and its development is largely associated with unhealthy dietary patterns. A large body of scientific evidence has reported that nutrition might be the most preventive factor of cardiovascular disease death and could even reverse heart disease. Processes of chronic inflammation and oxidative distress share triggers that are modifiable by nutrition. This review aimed to identify potential targets (food patterns, single foods or individual nutrients) for cardiovascular disease prevention, and analyse the mechanisms implicated in their cardioprotective effects.
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Blin G, Liand M, Mauduit C, Chehade H, Benahmed M, Simeoni U, Siddeek B. Maternal Exposure to High-Fat Diet Induces Long-Term Derepressive Chromatin Marks in the Heart. Nutrients 2020; 12:E181. [PMID: 31936461 PMCID: PMC7019950 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart diseases are a leading cause of death. While the link between early exposure to nutritional excess and heart disease risk is clear, the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In the developmental programming field, increasing evidence is pointing out the critical role of epigenetic mechanisms. Among them, polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and DNA methylation play a critical role in heart development and pathogenesis. In this context, we aimed at evaluating the role of these epigenetic marks in the long-term cardiac alterations induced by early dietary challenge. Using a model of rats exposed to maternal high-fat diet during gestation and lactation, we evaluated cardiac alterations at adulthood. Expression levels of PRC2 components, its histone marks di- and trimethylated histone H3 (H3K27me2/3), associated histone mark (ubiquitinated histone H2A, H2AK119ub1) and target genes were measured by Western blot. Global DNA methylation level and DNA methyl transferase 3B (DNMT3B) protein levels were measured. Maternal high-fat diet decreased H3K27me3, H2Ak119ub1 and DNA methylation levels, down-regulated the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and DNMT3B expression. The levels of the target genes, isl lim homeobox 1 (Isl1), six homeobox 1 (Six1) and mads box transcription enhancer factor 2, polypeptide C (Mef2c), involved in cardiac pathogenesis were up regulated. Overall, our data suggest that the programming of cardiac alterations by maternal exposure to high-fat diet involves the derepression of pro-fibrotic and pro-hypertrophic genes through the induction of EZH2 and DNMT3B deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Blin
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 27, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (G.B.); (M.L.); (H.C.); (U.S.)
| | - Marjorie Liand
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 27, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (G.B.); (M.L.); (H.C.); (U.S.)
| | - Claire Mauduit
- INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 5, 06204 Nice, France; (C.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Hassib Chehade
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 27, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (G.B.); (M.L.); (H.C.); (U.S.)
| | - Mohamed Benahmed
- INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 5, 06204 Nice, France; (C.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Umberto Simeoni
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 27, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (G.B.); (M.L.); (H.C.); (U.S.)
| | - Benazir Siddeek
- Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 27, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (G.B.); (M.L.); (H.C.); (U.S.)
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46
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Panagiotakos DB, Kouvari M. Behavioral healthy nutrition and physical activity counseling in cardiovascular disease prevention: where we are now? Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2019; 8:534-536. [PMID: 31673549 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2018.11.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Department of Kinesiology and Health, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.,School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matina Kouvari
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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47
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Lim H, Kim J, Kim DY. Nutritional Therapy for Asian Patients at Risk for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. J Lipid Atheroscler 2019; 8:192-203. [PMID: 32821709 PMCID: PMC7379110 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2019.8.2.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains high worldwide, and its prevalence has increased in Asian countries over the last two decades. The increase in ASCVD may arise from complex interactions between genetic and lifestyle/environmental factors. Abnormal blood cholesterol levels, elevated blood glucose, obesity, elevated blood pressure, smoking, and family history are common risk factors of ASCVD. There is an increased burden of ASCVD in Asian countries, maybe due to rapid economic development and lifestyle changes in these countries. Nutrition is one of the major modifiable risk factors for ASCVD. Despite this, there are insufficient nutritional therapies for prevention and management of ASCVD in Asian patients. There is also a lack of relevant research in Asian populations. In this review, we describe the current nutritional guidelines and the findings from previous landmark studies regarding management and/or prevention of ASCVD. We also summarize the recommendations regarding evidence-based nutrition therapy/management strategies that may be effective in Asian subjects to prevent onset and/or to treat ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Lim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea.,Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Mendonça DD, Furtado MV, Sarmento RA, Nicoletto BB, Souza GC, Wagner TP, Christofoli BR, Polanczyk CA, Haas AN. Periodontitis and tooth loss have negative impact on dietary intake: A cross‐sectional study with stable coronary artery disease patients. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1096-1105. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dayana D. Mendonça
- Post‐Graduate Program Cardiovascular ScienceSchool of MedicineUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Mariana V. Furtado
- Cardiology and Institute for Health Technology Assessment (IATS–CNPq)Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Roberta A. Sarmento
- Division of NutritionHospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Bruna B. Nicoletto
- Post‐Graduation Program in Medical Sciences: EndocrinologySchool of MedicineUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
- Knowledge Area of Life SciencesUniversidade de Caxias do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil
| | - Gabriela C. Souza
- Department of Nutrition and Post‐Graduation Program in FoodNutrition and HealthSchool of MedicineUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Tassiane P. Wagner
- Department of PeriodontologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Barbara R. Christofoli
- Department of PeriodontologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Carisi A. Polanczyk
- Cardiology and Institute for Health Technology Assessment (IATS–CNPq)Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Alex N. Haas
- Department of PeriodontologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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49
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Semen KO, Bast A. Towards improved pharmacotherapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Can diet play a role? Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019; 30:159-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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de Lima Bezerra ÁD, Costa EC, Pacheco DA, Souza DC, Farias-Junior LF, Ritti-Dia RM, Grigolo GB, de Bittencourt Júnior PIH, Krause M, Fayh APT. Effect of Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on the Post-Exercise Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Obese Males: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial. J Sports Sci Med 2019; 18:118-127. [PMID: 30787659 PMCID: PMC6370953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify the effect of beetroot juice on post-exercise ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in obese individuals. Fourteen non-hypertensive obese males were randomly assigned to three experimental sessions: 1) Beetroot juice with exercise (BJE, 200ml with ≈ 800mg nitrate and 40 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise at an intensity of 50% of the heart rate reserve), 2) fruit soda with exercise (FSE, 200ml of a low-nitrate drink and the same exercise session) and 3) control (CON, 200ml of water, an insignificant nitrate drink without exercise). The concentration of total nitrites and nitrates in plasma (NOx) after the drinks and the 24-hour ambulatory BP were evaluated. A two-way (condition vs. time) ANOVA for repeated measures, with a Bonferroni post hoc was used to analyze variables. The plasma NOx concentration increased significantly after ingestion of beetroot juice (from 9.9 ± 8.4 μM to 47.0 ± 16.9 μM, p < 0.001) and remained elevated until 1 hour post-intervention (54.7 ± 10.1 μM, p < 0.001), while it did not change in FSE and CON groups. The BJE session decreased ambulatory systolic BP in 5.3 mmHg (IC95%, -10.1 to -0.6, p = 0.025) in the period of 1-6 h after the BJE session compared to the CON session and reduction of 3.8 mmHg (IC95%, -7.5 to -0.007, p = 0.05) compared to the FSE session. No significant changes were observed for ambulatory diastolic BP (p > 0.05). BJE enhanced the reduction of systolic ambulatory BP up to 6 hours following a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in obese individuals with an elevated cardiovascular risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes D de Lima Bezerra
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Costa
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Daniela A Pacheco
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Souza
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Farias-Junior
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Raphael M Ritti-Dia
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Gisele B Grigolo
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo I H de Bittencourt Júnior
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Krause
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana P T Fayh
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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