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Zhuang S, Zhou X, Yang X, Chang D, Chen T, Sun Y, Wang C, Zhang C, Jiang J, Chen Y, Lin X, Wang X, Yu W, Lin X, He C, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Shi H. Dendrobium mixture ameliorates hepatic injury induced by insulin resistance in vitro and in vivo through the downregulation of AGE/RAGE/Akt signaling pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22007. [PMID: 38034607 PMCID: PMC10685200 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium mixture (DM) is a patented Chinese herbal medicine which has been shown to ameliorate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in vivo and in vitro. We aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of DM as a therapeutic agent in attenuating liver steatosis in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DM (16.2 g/kg/d) was administered to db/db mice for 4 weeks. The db/m mice and db/db mice in the control and model groups were given normal saline. Additionally, DM (11.25 g/kg/d) was administered to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and the serum was collected and used in an experiment involving palmitic acid (PA)-induced human liver HepG2 cells with abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. In db/db mice, the administration of DM significantly alleviated liver steatosis, including histological damage and cell apoptosis. DM was found to prevent the upregulation of the RAGE and AKT1 proteins in liver tissues. The underlying mechanism of DM was further studied in PA-induced HepG2 cells. Post-DM administration serum from SD rats reduced lipid accumulation and regulated glucose metabolism in HepG2 cells. Consequently, it inhibited RAGE/AKT signaling and restored autophagy activity. The upregulated autophagy was associated with the mTOR-AMPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, post-DM administration serum reduced apoptosis of hepatocytes in PA-induced HepG2 cells. Our study supports the potential use of DM as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of NAFLD in T2DM. The mechanism underlying this therapeutic potential is associated with the downregulation of the AGE/RAGE/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Zhuang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaowen Yang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Yibin Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Chenxiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Chutian Zhang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Jichao Jiang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Xiaohui Lin
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Wenzhen Yu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Xinjun Lin
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Caigu He
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Yanfang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Jieping Zhang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
| | - Hong Shi
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fu Zhou, 350100, China
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2
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Farrag EAE, Hammad MO, Safwat SM, Hamed S, Hellal D. Artemisinin attenuates type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats through modulation of AGE-RAGE/HMGB-1 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11043. [PMID: 37422477 PMCID: PMC10329689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37678-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder. About two-thirds of diabetic patients develop diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), which becomes a challenging issue as it severely threatens the patient's life. Hyperglycemia and the resulting advanced glycated end products (AGE) and their receptor (RAGE)/High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB-1) molecular pathway are thought to be key players. Recently, artemisinin (ART) has gained more attention owing to its potent biological activities beyond its antimalarial effect. Herein, we aim to evaluate the effect of ART on DCM and the possible underlying mechanisms. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into: control, ART, type 2 diabetic and type 2 diabetic treated with ART groups. At the end of the research, the ECG was recorded, then the heart weight to body weight (HW/BW) ratio, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin and HOMA-IR were evaluated. Cardiac biomarkers (CK-MB and LDH), oxidative stress markers, IL-1β, AGE, RAGE and HMGB-1 expression were also measured. The heart specimens were stained for H&E as well as Masson's trichrome. DCM induced disturbances in all studied parameters; contrary to this, ART improved these insults. Our study concluded that ART could improve DCM through modulation of the AGE-RAGE/HMGB-1 signaling pathway, with subsequent impacts on oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis. ART could therefore be a promising therapy for the management of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A E Farrag
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Maha O Hammad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sally M Safwat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shereen Hamed
- Department of Medical Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Doaa Hellal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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3
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Sakasai-Sakai A, Takeda K, Takeuchi M. Involvement of Intracellular TAGE and the TAGE-RAGE-ROS Axis in the Onset and Progression of NAFLD/NASH. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030748. [PMID: 36978995 PMCID: PMC10045097 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The repeated excessive intake of sugar, a factor that contributes to the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression to the chronic form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), markedly increases the hepatocyte content of glyceraldehyde (GA), a glucose/fructose metabolic intermediate. Toxic advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) are synthesized by cross-linking reactions between the aldehyde group of GA and the amino group of proteins, and their accumulation has been implicated in the development of NAFLD/NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous findings not only showed that hepatocyte disorders were induced by the intracellular accumulation of TAGE, but they also indicated that extracellular leakage resulted in elevated TAGE concentrations in circulating fluids. Interactions between extracellular TAGE and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) affect intracellular signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which may, in turn, contribute to the pathological changes observed in NAFLD/NASH. RAGE plays a role in the effects of the extracellular leakage of TAGE on the surrounding cells, which ultimately promote the onset and progression of NAFLD/NASH. This review describes the relationships between intracellular TAGE levels and hepatocyte and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) damage as well as the TAGE-RAGE-ROS axis in hepatocytes, HSC, and HCC cells. The "TAGE theory" will provide novel insights for future research on NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeda
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
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4
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Microbiome Alterations in Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcoholic Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032461. [PMID: 36768785 PMCID: PMC9916746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome alterations are emerging as one of the most important factors that influence the course of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Recent advances in bioinformatics enable more robust and accurate characterization of changes in the composition of the microbiome. In this study, our objective was to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of microbiome alterations associated with AUD and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). To achieve it, we have applied consistent, state of art bioinformatic workflow to raw reads from multiple 16S rRNA sequencing datasets. The study population consisted of 122 patients with AUD, 75 with ALD, 54 with non-alcoholic liver diseases, and 260 healthy controls. We have found several microbiome alterations that were consistent across multiple datasets. The most consistent changes included a significantly lower abundance of multiple butyrate-producing families, including Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Oscillospiraceae in AUD compared to HC and further reduction of these families in ALD compared with AUD. Other important results include an increase in endotoxin-producing Proteobacteria in AUD, with the ALD group having the largest increase. All of these alterations can potentially contribute to increased intestinal permeability and inflammation associated with AUD and ALD.
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Ooi H, Koriyama Y. Toxic Advanced Glycation End-Products-Dependent Alzheimer's Disease- Like Alternation in the Microtubule System. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 20:677-681. [PMID: 38357957 DOI: 10.2174/0115672050288723240213053342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, the detailed mechanism underlying T2DM-related AD remains unknown. In DM, many types of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are formed and accumulated. In our previous study, we demonstrated that Glyceraldehyde (GA)-derived Toxic Advanced Glycation End-products (Toxic AGEs, TAGE) strongly showed cytotoxicity against neurons and induced similar alterations to those observed in AD. Further, GA induced dysfunctional neurite outgrowth via TAGE-β-- tubulin aggregation, which resulted in the TAGE-dependent abnormal aggregation of β-tubulin and tau phosphorylation. Herein, we provide a perspective on the possibility that T2DM increases the probability of AD onset and accelerates its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayahide Ooi
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Koriyama
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan
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6
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Wang T, Xu ZH. Natural Compounds with Aldose Reductase (AR) Inhibition: A Class of Medicative Agents for Fatty Liver Disease. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:1929-1944. [PMID: 36655533 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230119101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD), which includes both non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (ALD), is a worldwide health concern. The etiology of ALD is long-term alcohol consumption, while NAFLD is defined as an abnormal amount of lipid present in liver cells, which is not caused by alcohol intake and has recently been identified as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and obesity). Inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolic dysregulation are all known to play a role in FLD progression. Alternative and natural therapies are desperately needed to treat this disease since existing pharmaceuticals are mostly ineffective. The aldose reductase (AR)/polyol pathway has recently been shown to play a role in developing FLD by contributing to inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fat accumulation. Herein, we review the effects of plantderived compounds capable of inhibiting AR in FLD models. Natural AR inhibitors have been found to improve FLD in part by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and steatosis via the regulation of several critical pathways, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) pathway, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, etc. This review revealed that natural compounds with AR inhibitory effects are a promising class of therapeutic agents for FLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Hui Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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7
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Litwinowicz K, Waszczuk E, Kuzan A, Bronowicka-Szydełko A, Gostomska-Pampuch K, Naporowski P, Gamian A. Alcoholic Liver Disease Is Associated with Elevated Plasma Levels of Novel Advanced Glycation End-Products: A Preliminary Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245266. [PMID: 36558425 PMCID: PMC9783524 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the biochemical mechanisms associated with the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) to more advanced stages such as alcoholic hepatitis (AH) remains an important clinical and scientific challenge. Several hypotheses point to the involvement of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in alcohol-associated liver injuries. Recently, we determined the structure of a synthetic, melibiose-derived AGE (MAGE), which was an analog of the novel AGE subgroup AGE10. The primary objective of our study was to determine whether AGE10 was associated with alcoholic hepatitis. The secondary objective was to provide a diagnostic accuracy of AGE10 in AH. To achieve this objective, we examined the plasma levels of AGE10 in 65 healthy individuals and 65 patients with AH. The AGE10 level was measured using a competitive ELISA. Our study confirmed that patients with AH had significantly higher plasma concentrations of AGE10 compared with healthy controls (184.5 ± 71.1 μg/mL and 123.5 ± 44.9 μg/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). In addition, AGE10 showed an acceptable performance as a diagnostic marker of AH, with an AUC of 0.78. In conclusion, AH was associated with elevated levels of novel advanced glycation end-product AGE10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Litwinowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewa Waszczuk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-566 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kuzan
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Kinga Gostomska-Pampuch
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Naporowski
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
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8
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Li Y, Qin M, Zhong W, Liu C, Deng G, Yang M, Li J, Ye H, Shi H, Wu C, Lin H, Chen Y, Huang S, Zhou C, Lv Z, Gao L. RAGE promotes dysregulation of iron and lipid metabolism in alcoholic liver disease. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102559. [PMID: 36502724 PMCID: PMC9758571 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is associated with hepatic inflammatory activation and iron overload. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is an important metabolic mediator during the development of ALD. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of RAGE on iron homeostasis in ALD. We found increased circulating transferrin, hepcidin and ferritin in ALD patients and positively correlated with RAGE level. RAGE knockout (RAGE-/-) and wild-type mice were subjected to chronic alcoholic feeding for 6 weeks to induce ALD, and RAGE inhibitor, iron chelator or lipid peroxidation inhibitor were administered. We showed that chronic alcohol administration triggered hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which were eliminated by deficiency or inhibition of RAGE. Surprisingly, pathways of hepatic iron metabolism were significantly altered, including increased iron uptake (Tf/TfR) and storage (Ferritin), as well as decreased iron export (FPN1/Hepcidin). In vitro experiments confirmed that RAGE had different effects on the mechanism of iron metabolism of hepatocytes and macrophages respectively. In conclusion, our data revealed preclinical evidence for RAGE inhibition as an effective intervention for alleviating alcohol-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Li
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengchen Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weichao Zhong
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanghui Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Menghan Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haixin Ye
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaofeng Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuyao Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaohui Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuying Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiping Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Dewanjee S, Chakraborty P, Bhattacharya H, Chacko L, Singh B, Chaudhary A, Javvaji K, Pradhan SR, Vallamkondu J, Dey A, Kalra RS, Jha NK, Jha SK, Reddy PH, Kandimalla R. Altered glucose metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: Role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:134-157. [PMID: 36206930 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal cerebral glucose metabolism is largely present in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The brain utilizes glucose as its main energy source and a decline in its metabolism directly reflects on brain function. Weighing on recent evidence, here we systematically assessed the aberrant glucose metabolism associated with amyloid beta and phosphorylated tau accumulation in AD brain. Interlink between insulin signaling and AD highlighted the involvement of the IRS/PI3K/Akt/AMPK signaling, and GLUTs in the disease progression. While shedding light on the mitochondrial dysfunction in the defective glucose metabolism, we further assessed functional consequences of AGEs (advanced glycation end products) accumulation, polyol activation, and other contributing factors including terminal respiration, ROS (reactive oxygen species), mitochondrial permeability, PINK1/parkin defects, lysosome-mitochondrial crosstalk, and autophagy/mitophagy. Combined with the classic plaque and tangle pathologies, glucose hypometabolism with acquired insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction potentiate these factors to exacerbate AD pathology. To this end, we further reviewed AD and DM (diabetes mellitus) crosstalk in disease progression. Taken together, the present work discusses the emerging role of altered glucose metabolism, contributing impact of insulin signaling, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the defective cerebral glucose utilization in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Hiranmoy Bhattacharya
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Leena Chacko
- BioAnalytical Lab, Meso Scale Discovery, 1601 Research Blvd, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Birbal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Regional Station, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anupama Chaudhary
- Orinin-BioSystems, LE-52, Lotus Road 4, CHD City, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Kalpana Javvaji
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, India
| | | | | | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Rajkumar Singh Kalra
- Immune Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 9040495, Japan
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, UP, 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, UP, 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neurology Departments School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, India; Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, India.
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10
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Takeuchi M, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takata T, Takino JI, Koriyama Y. Effects of Toxic AGEs (TAGE) on Human Health. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142178. [PMID: 35883620 PMCID: PMC9317028 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The habitual and excessive consumption of sugar (i.e., sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup, HFCS) is associated with the onset and progression of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD). Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have recently been the focus of research on the factors contributing to LSRD. Approaches that inhibit the effects of AGEs may be used to prevent and/or treat LSRD; however, since the structures of AGEs vary depending on the type of reducing sugars or carbonyl compounds to which they respond, difficulties are associated with verifying that AGEs are an etiological factor. Cytotoxic AGEs derived from glyceraldehyde, a triose intermediate in the metabolism of glucose and fructose, have been implicated in LSRD and are called toxic AGEs (TAGE). A dietary imbalance (the habitual and excessive intake of sucrose, HFCS, or dietary AGEs) promotes the generation/accumulation of TAGE in vivo. Elevated circulating levels of TAGE have been detected in non-diabetics and diabetics, indicating a strong relationship between the generation/accumulation of TAGE in vivo and the onset and progression of LSRD. We herein outline current findings on “TAGE as a new target” for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-76-218-8456
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Jun-ichi Takino
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure 737-0112, Hiroshima, Japan;
| | - Yoshiki Koriyama
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, Mie, Japan;
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11
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Togashi Y, Miyashita D, Tsuno T, Inoue R, Okuyama T, Kyohara M, Nishiyama K, Arai M, Kanematsu K, Kanataki S, Terauchi Y, Shirakawa J. Abdominal aortic calcification is associated with Fib-4 index and low body mass index in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:1861-1872. [PMID: 35818826 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to clarify the nature of the relationship between the abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) grade and the presence of cardiovascular diseases and determine factors related to AAC grade in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 264 in participants with T2DM. The AAC score and length were measured using the lateral abdominal radiographs. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between AAC scores/lengths and the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebral infarction (CI), and peripheral artery disease (PAD). The correlation between AAC scores/lengths and other clinical factors were evaluated using linear regression models. RESULTS The AAC score was significantly correlated with prevalent CAD and CI independent of age and smoking but not with the prevalence of PAD. AAC length was not significantly correlated with the presence of CAD, CI, or PAD; however, the sample size was insufficient to conclude probably due to low prevalence. Both the AAC score and length were correlated inversely with body mass index (BMI) and, with the Fib-4 index >2.67; these correlations were significant after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and BMI, although AAC was not associated with ultrasonography-diagnosed fatty liver. There was a significant interaction between BMI and Fib-4 index; lower BMI and Fib-4 index >2.67 demonstrated a synergistic association with high AAC grade. CONCLUSIONS AAC score is associated with CAD and CI morbidity in participants with T2DM. Low BMI and Fib-4 index >2.67 can be valuable indicators of AAC in people with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Togashi
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, 371-8510, Japan.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyashita
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuno
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, 371-8510, Japan.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Ryota Inoue
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, 371-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okuyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mayu Kyohara
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, 371-8510, Japan
| | - Masanori Arai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kenta Kanematsu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Soichiro Kanataki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, 371-8510, Japan.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, City, 236-0004, Japan
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12
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Intracellular Toxic Advanced Glycation End-Products in 1.4E7 Cell Line Induce Death with Reduction of Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 and p62. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020332. [PMID: 35057513 PMCID: PMC8777741 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The death of pancreatic islet β-cells (β-cells), which are the insulin-producing cells, promote the pathology in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (T1DM and T2DM), and they are protected by autophagy which is one of the mechanisms of cell survival. Recently, that some advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), such as methylglyoxial-derived AGEs and Nε-carboxymethyllysine, induced the death of β-cells were revealed. In contrast, we had reported AGEs derived from glyceraldehyde (GA, the metabolism intermediate of glucose and fructose) are considered to be toxic AGEs (TAGE) due to their cytotoxicity and role in the pathogenesis of T2DM. More, serum levels of TAGE are elevated in patients with T1 and T2DM, where they exert cytotoxicity. Aim: We researched the cytotoxicity of intracellular and extracellular TAGE in β-cells and the possibility that intracellular TAGE were associated with autophagy. Methods: 1.4E7 cells (a human β-cell line) were treated with GA, and analyzed viability, quantity of TAGE, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-I, LC3-II, and p62. We also examined the viability of 1.4E7 cells treated with TAGE-modified bovine serum albumin, a model of TAGE in the blood. Results: Intracellular TAGE induced death of 1.4E7 cells, decrease of LC3-I, LC3-II, and p62. Extracellular TAGE didn’t show cytotoxicity in the physiological concentration. Conclusion: Intracellular TAGE induced death of β-cells more strongly than extracellular TAGE, and may suppress autophagy via reduction of LC3-I, LC3-II, and p62 to inhibit the degradation of them.
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13
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Garlic Extract: Inhibition of Biochemical and Biophysical Changes in Glycated HSA. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112211028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycation of various biomolecules contributes to structural changes and formation of several high molecular weight fluorescent and non-fluorescent, advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs and glycation are involved in various health complications. Synthetic medicines, including metformin, have several adverse effects. Natural products and their derivatives are used in the treatment of various diseases due to their significant therapeutic qualities. Allium sativum (garlic) is used in traditional medicines because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic properties. This study aimed to determine the anti-glycating and AGEs inhibitory activities of garlic. Biochemical and biophysical analyses were performed for in vitro incubated human serum albumin (HSA) with 0.05 M of glucose for 1, 5, and 10 weeks. Anti-glycating and AGEs inhibitory effect of garlic was investigated in glycated samples. Increased biochemical and biophysical changes were observed in glycated HSA incubated for 10 weeks (G-HSA-10W) as compared to native HSA (N-HSA) as well as glycated HSA incubated for 1 (G-HSA-1W) and 5 weeks (G-HSA-5W). Garlic extract with a concentration of ≥6.25 µg/mL exhibited significant inhibition in biophysical and biochemical changes of G-HSA-10W. Our findings demonstrated that garlic extract has the ability to inhibit biochemical and biophysical changes in HSA that occurred due to glycation. Thus, garlic extract can be used against glycation and AGE-related health complications linked with chronic diseases in diabetic patients due to its broad therapeutic potential.
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14
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Martin-Morales A, Arakawa T, Sato M, Matsumura Y, Mano-Usui F, Ikeda K, Inagaki N, Sato K. Development of a Method for Quantitation of Glyceraldehyde in Various Body Compartments of Rodents and Humans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13246-13254. [PMID: 34702032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is limited information available about the physiological content of glyceraldehyde, a precursor of toxic advanced glycation end products. The conventional derivatization method for aldoses using 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone did not allow reproducible quantification of glyceraldehyde due to the instability of glyceraldehyde compared to other aldoses. We optimized the derivatization condition to achieve high and reproducible recovery of derivatives for liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry quantification. Based on the stability of glyceraldehyde during sample preparation and high recovery of spiked standard, the present method provides reproducible quantification of glyceraldehyde in the body. The glyceraldehyde contents in fasting conditions in the rodent liver (mice: 50.0 ± 3.9 nmol/g; rats: 35.5 ± 4.9 nmol/g) were higher than those in plasma (9.4 ± 1.7 and 7.2 ± 1.2 nmol/mL). The liver glyceraldehyde levels significantly increased after food consumption (p < 0.05) but remained constant in the plasma. High fat diet feeding significantly increased plasma glyceraldehyde levels in mice (p < 0.005). In healthy human volunteers, the plasma glyceraldehyde levels remained unchanged after the consumption of steamed rice. In patients with type 2 diabetes, the plasma glyceraldehyde level was positively correlated with the plasma glucose level (r = 0.84; p < 0.0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Martin-Morales
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Kyoto 606 8054, Japan
| | - Takanori Arakawa
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Kyoto 606 8054, Japan
| | - Mona Sato
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Kyoto 606 8054, Japan
| | - Yasuki Matsumura
- Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611 0011, Japan
| | - Fumika Mano-Usui
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Kyoto 606 8507, Japan
| | - Kaori Ikeda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Kyoto 606 8507, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Kyoto 606 8507, Japan
| | - Kenji Sato
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Kyoto 606 8054, Japan
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15
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Litwinowicz K, Waszczuk E, Gamian A. Advanced Glycation End-Products in Common Non-Infectious Liver Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:3370. [PMID: 34684371 PMCID: PMC8537188 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive intake of fructose, glucose and alcohol is associated with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). At the same time, these dietetic factors create an environment favorable for the generation of advanced glycation end-products. For this reason, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are hypothesized to play role in the development of NAFLD and ALD. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we explore the relationship between NAFLD and ALD with AGE levels, including their diagnostic accuracy. METHODS The systematic review and meta-analysis has been pre-registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021240954) and was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analyses were performed using the meta R package. RESULTS We have obtained 11 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, reporting data on 1844 participants (909 with NAFLD, 169 with ALD and 766 healthy controls). NAFLD was associated with significantly higher AGE fluorescence and serum N-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) levels. Patients with alcoholic cirrhosis had significantly higher levels of N-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML). Only individual studies examined AGEs in the context of their diagnostic accuracy. AGE fluorescence distinguished low and moderate steatosis with an AUC of 0.76. The ratio of CML, CEL and pentosidine to a soluble variant of the AGE receptor differentiated patients with NAFLD from healthy controls with high AUC (0.83-0.85). Glyceraldehyde-derived AGE separated non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with acceptable performance (AUC 0.78). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, NAFLD and ALD are associated with significantly higher levels of several AGEs. More research is needed to examine the diagnostic accuracy of AGEs, however individual studies show that AGEs perform well in distinguishing NAFL from NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Litwinowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Waszczuk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
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16
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Bingül İ, Aydın AF, Küçükgergin C, Doğan-Ekici I, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Uysal M. The effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on liver damage, oxidative stress, and advanced glycation end products in experimental nonalcoholic- and alcoholic- fatty liver disease. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:1500-1511. [PMID: 33421970 PMCID: PMC8283439 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2007-289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation are proposed as effective mechanisms in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). 1,25(OH)2D3 was proposed to have antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antiglycation properties. In this study, the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment on oxidative stress parameters and AGEs levels together with hepatic histopathology was investigated in high fructose (HFr) or ethanol (EtOH)-treated rats. Materials and methods Rats were treated with fructose (30%) or ethanol (5-20%) in drinking water with and without 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment (5 µg/kg two times a week) for 8 weeks. Insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress parameters, AGEs, triglyceride (TG), and hydroxyproline (Hyp) levels together with histopathology were investigated in the liver. Results 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased hepatic reactive oxygen species, lipid and protein oxidation products together with histopathological improvements in HFr- and EtOH-treated rats. 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment was observed to decrease significantly serum and hepatic AGEs in HFr group, and hepatic AGEs in EtOH group. Conclusion Our results clearly show that 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment may be useful in the alleviation of hepatic lesions by decreasing glycooxidant stress in both NAFLD and ALD models created by HFr- and EtOH-treated rats, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Bingül
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, İstanbul Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - A. Fatih Aydın
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, İstanbul Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Canan Küçükgergin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, İstanbul Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Işın Doğan-Ekici
- Department of Pathology, Acıbadem University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, İstanbul Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Müjdat Uysal
- Retired Prof. Dr., Tayyareci Nurettin Sokak, Bakırkoy, İstanbul, Turkey
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17
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Kuzan A. Toxicity of advanced glycation end products (Review). Biomed Rep 2021; 14:46. [PMID: 33786175 PMCID: PMC7995243 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are proteins or lipids glycated nonenzymatically by glucose, or other reducing sugars and their derivatives, such as glyceraldehyde, glycolaldehyde, methyloglyoxal and acetaldehyde. There are three different means of AGE formation: i) Maillard reactions, the polyol pathway and lipid peroxidation. AGEs participate in the pathological mechanisms underlying the development of several diseases, such as diabetes and its complications, retinopathy or neuropathy, neurological disorders (for example, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease), atherosclerosis, hypertension and several types of cancer. AGE levels are increased in patients with hyperglycaemia, and is likely the result of the high concentration of glycation substrates circulating in the blood. The present review summarises the formation and nomenclature of advanced glycation end-products, with an emphasis on the role of AGEs in the development of diabetes, neurological disorders, as well as in cancer and other pathologies. A particular focus is placed on the functions of toxic AGEs. Additionally, studies which have shown the cytotoxicity of glycated albumin and other AGEs are also discussed. Finally, the diagnostic relevance of AGEs as well as for targeting in therapeutic strategies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kuzan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław 50-368, Poland
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18
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Takeuchi M, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takata T, Takino JI, Koriyama Y, Kikuchi C, Furukawa A, Nagamine K, Hori T, Matsunaga T. Intracellular Toxic AGEs (TAGE) Triggers Numerous Types of Cell Damage. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030387. [PMID: 33808036 PMCID: PMC8001776 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The habitual intake of large amounts of sugar, which has been implicated in the onset/progression of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD), induces the excessive production of glyceraldehyde (GA), an intermediate of sugar metabolism, in neuronal cells, hepatocytes, and cardiomyocytes. Reactions between GA and intracellular proteins produce toxic advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE), the accumulation of which contributes to various diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular disease. The cellular leakage of TAGE affects the surrounding cells via the receptor for AGEs (RAGE), thereby promoting the onset/progression of LSRD. We demonstrated that the intracellular accumulation of TAGE triggered numerous cellular disorders, and also that TAGE leaked into the extracellular space, thereby increasing extracellular TAGE levels in circulating fluids. Intracellular signaling and the production of reactive oxygen species are affected by extracellular TAGE and RAGE interactions, which, in turn, facilitate the intracellular generation of TAGE, all of which may contribute to the pathological changes observed in LSRD. In this review, we discuss the relationships between intracellular TAGE levels and numerous types of cell damage. The novel concept of the “TAGE theory” is expected to open new perspectives for research into LSRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (A.S.-S.); (T.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-76-218-8456
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (A.S.-S.); (T.T.)
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (A.S.-S.); (T.T.)
| | - Jun-ichi Takino
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan; (J.-i.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Yoshiki Koriyama
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan; (Y.K.); (A.F.)
| | - Chigusa Kikuchi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (C.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Ayako Furukawa
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan; (Y.K.); (A.F.)
| | - Kentaro Nagamine
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan;
| | - Takamitsu Hori
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan; (J.-i.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Tamihide Matsunaga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (C.K.); (T.M.)
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19
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Rungratanawanich W, Qu Y, Wang X, Essa MM, Song BJ. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and other adducts in aging-related diseases and alcohol-mediated tissue injury. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:168-188. [PMID: 33568752 PMCID: PMC8080618 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are potentially harmful and heterogeneous molecules derived from nonenzymatic glycation. The pathological implications of AGEs are ascribed to their ability to promote oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Recent studies in basic and translational research have revealed the contributing roles of AGEs in the development and progression of various aging-related pathological conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular complications, gut microbiome-associated illnesses, liver or neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Excessive chronic and/or acute binge consumption of alcohol (ethanol), a widely consumed addictive substance, is known to cause more than 200 diseases, including alcohol use disorder (addiction), alcoholic liver disease, and brain damage. However, despite the considerable amount of research in this area, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which alcohol abuse causes cellular toxicity and organ damage remain to be further characterized. In this review, we first briefly describe the properties of AGEs: their formation, accumulation, and receptor interactions. We then focus on the causative functions of AGEs that impact various aging-related diseases. We also highlight the biological connection of AGE-alcohol-adduct formations to alcohol-mediated tissue injury. Finally, we describe the potential translational research opportunities for treatment of various AGE- and/or alcohol-related adduct-associated disorders according to the mechanistic insights presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiramon Rungratanawanich
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Ying Qu
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Neuroapoptosis Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- grid.412846.d0000 0001 0726 9430Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Aging and Dementia Research Group, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat, Oman ,grid.412846.d0000 0001 0726 9430Aging and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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20
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Inoue S, Takata T, Nakazawa Y, Nakamura Y, Guo X, Yamada S, Ishigaki Y, Takeuchi M, Miyazawa K. Potential of an Interorgan Network Mediated by Toxic Advanced Glycation End-Products in a Rat Model. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010080. [PMID: 33383715 PMCID: PMC7823945 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive intake of glucose and fructose in beverages and foods containing high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) plays a significant role in the progression of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD). Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which have been designated as toxic AGEs (TAGE), are involved in LSRD progression. Understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effects of TAGE on gene expression in the kidneys remains limited. In this study, DNA microarray analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to investigate whether HFCS-consuming Wister rats generated increased intracellular serum TAGE levels, as well as the potential role of TAGE in liver and kidney dysfunction. HFCS consumption resulted in significant accumulation of TAGE in the serum and liver of rats, and induced changes in gene expression in the kidneys without TAGE accumulation or upregulation of receptor for AGEs (RAGE) upregulation. Changes in specific gene expression profiles in the kidney were more correlated with TAGE levels in the liver tissue than in the serum. These findings suggest a direct or indirect interaction may be present between the liver and kidneys that does not involve serum TAGE or RAGE. The involvement of internal signal transduction factors such as exosomes or cytokines without IL-1β and TNF-α is suggested to contribute to the observed changes in kidney gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Inoue
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (Y.N.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-76-218-8145
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (T.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Yusuke Nakazawa
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (Y.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (Y.N.); (Y.I.)
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (X.G.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (X.G.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yasuhito Ishigaki
- Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (Y.N.); (Y.I.)
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (T.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Katsuhito Miyazawa
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (Y.N.); (K.M.)
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Takeuchi M. Toxic AGEs (TAGE) theory: a new concept for preventing the development of diseases related to lifestyle. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:105. [PMID: 33292465 PMCID: PMC7708159 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The habitual excessive intake of sugar (i.e., sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup), which has been implicated in the onset of diabetes mellitus, induces excessive production of glyceraldehyde, a metabolite produced during glucose and fructose metabolism, in hepatocytes, neuronal cells, and cardiomyocytes. MAIN TEXT Toxic advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) are formed from reactions between glyceraldehyde and intracellular proteins, and their accumulation contributes to various cellular disorders. TAGE leakage from cells affects the surrounding cells and increases serum TAGE levels, promoting the onset and/or development of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD). Therefore, serum TAGE levels have potential as a novel biomarker for predicting the onset and/or progression of LSRD, and minimizing the effects of TAGE might help to prevent the onset and/or progression of LSRD. Serum TAGE levels are closely related to LSRD associated with the excessive ingestion of sugar and/or dietary AGEs. CONCLUSIONS The TAGE theory is also expected to open new perspectives for research into numerous other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
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22
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Intracellular Toxic Advanced Glycation End-Products Promote the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144861. [PMID: 32660150 PMCID: PMC7402329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte cell death is a key process in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the factors responsible for and mechanisms underlying NASH-related cell death have not yet been elucidated in detail. We herein investigated the effects of intracellular glyceraldehyde (GA)-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), named toxic AGEs (TAGE), on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NASH. Cell death related to intracellular TAGE accumulation was eliminated in the hepatocyte carcinoma cell line HepG2 by the antioxidant effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine. The intracellular accumulation of TAGE increased ROS production and the expression of Nrf2, including its downstream gene. These results suggest that ROS are produced in association with the accumulation of TAGE and are a direct trigger for cell death. We also investigated the factors responsible for these increases in ROS. Catalase activity did not decrease with the accumulation of TAGE, while mitochondrial membrane depolarization was enhanced in cells treated with GA. These results indicate that TAGE play an important role in mitochondrial abnormalities and increases in ROS production, both of which are characteristic features of NASH. The suppression of TAGE accumulation has potential as a new therapeutic target in the progression of NASH.
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Khaltourina D, Matveyev Y, Alekseev A, Cortese F, Ioviţă A. Aging Fits the Disease Criteria of the International Classification of Diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 189:111230. [PMID: 32251691 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The disease criteria used by the World Health Organization (WHO) were applied to human biological aging in order to assess whether aging can be classified as a disease. These criteria were developed for the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and included disease diagnostics, mechanisms, course and outcomes, known interventions, and linkage to genetic and environmental factors. RESULTS: Biological aging can be diagnosed with frailty indices, functional, blood-based biomarkers. A number of major causal mechanisms of human aging involved in various organs have been described, such as inflammation, replicative cellular senescence, immune senescence, proteostasis failures, mitochondrial dysfunctions, fibrotic propensity, hormonal aging, body composition changes, etc. We identified a number of clinically proven interventions, as well as genetic and environmental factors of aging. Therefore, aging fits the ICD-11 criteria and can be considered a disease. Our proposal was submitted to the ICD-11 Joint Task force, and this led to the inclusion of the extension code for "Ageing-related" (XT9T) into the "Causality" section of the ICD-11. This might lead to greater focus on biological aging in global health policy and might provide for more opportunities for the new therapy developers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Khaltourina
- Department of Risk Factor Prevention, Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Dobrolyubova St. 11, Moscow, 127254, Russia; International Longevity Alliance, 19 avenue Jean Jaurès, Sceaux, 92330, France.
| | - Yuri Matveyev
- Research Lab, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2 k.1, Moscow, 129110, Russia
| | - Aleksey Alekseev
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Franco Cortese
- Biogerontology Research Foundation, Apt 2354 Chynoweth House, Trevissome Park, Truro, London, TR4 8UN, UK
| | - Anca Ioviţă
- International Longevity Alliance, 19 avenue Jean Jaurès, Sceaux, 92330, France
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Wu Q, Tang S, Zhang L, Xiao J, Luo Q, Chen Y, Zhou M, Feng N, Wang C. The inhibitory effect of the catechin structure on advanced glycation end product formation in alcoholic media. Food Funct 2020; 11:5396-5408. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02887k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Catechin has a good inhibitory effect on advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation in alcoholic media, which is generated by Maillard reaction is closely related to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Shimiao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- P.R. China
| | - Jinsong Xiao
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives
- Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU)
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Mengzhou Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Nianjie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
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Takata T, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takeuchi M. Impact of intracellular toxic advanced glycation end-products (TAGE) on murine myoblast cell death. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:54. [PMID: 32684984 PMCID: PMC7362572 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a progressive condition that is characterized by decreases in skeletal muscle mass and function. Although sarcopenia is associated with lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD), the mechanisms underlying cell death in myoblasts, which differentiate to myotubes, remain unclear. We previously designated glyceraldehyde (an intermediate of glucose/fructose metabolism)-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) as toxic AGEs (TAGE) because of their cytotoxicity and involvement in LSRD, and hypothesized that TAGE contribute to cell death in myoblasts. METHODS C2C12 cells, which are murine myoblasts, were treated with 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mM glyceraldehyde for 24 h. Cell viability and intracellular TAGE were then assessed using 5-[2,4,-bis(sodioxysulfonyl)phenyl]-3-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-tetrazole-3-ium (WST-8) and slot blot assays. Cells were pretreated with 8 mM aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of AGE production, for 2 h, followed by 0, 1.5, and 2 mM glyceraldehyde for 24 h. Cell viability and intracellular TAGE levels were then assessed. Serum TAGE levels in STAM mice, in which there were four stages (no steatosis, simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis), were measured using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results were expressed as TAGE units (U) per milliliter of serum, with 1 U corresponding to 1.0 μg of glyceraldehyde-derived AGE-bovine serum albumin (BSA) (TAGE-BSA). The viability of cells treated with 20, 50, and 100 μg/mL non-glycated BSA and TAGE-BSA for 24 h was assessed using the WST-8 assay. RESULTS In C2C12 cells treated with 1.5 and 2 mM glyceraldehyde, cell viability decreased to 47.7% (p = 0.0021) and 5.0% (p = 0.0001) and intracellular TAGE levels increased to 6.0 and 15.9 μg/mg protein, respectively. Changes in cell viability and TAGE production were completely inhibited by 8 mM aminoguanidine. Serum TAGE levels at the steatohepatitis and fibrosis stages were 10.51 ± 1.16 and 10.44 ± 0.95 U/mL, respectively, and were higher than those at the no steatosis stage (7.27 ± 0.18 U/mL). Cell death was not induced by 20 or 50 μg/mL TAGE-BSA. The viabilities of C2C12 cells treated with 100 μg/mL non-glycated BSA and TAGE-BSA were 105.0% (p = 0.2890) and 85.3% (p = 0.0217), respectively. CONCLUSION Intracellular TAGE strongly induced cell death in C2C12 cells and may also induce myoblast cell death in LSRD model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu Takata
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293 Japan
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293 Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293 Japan
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Evidence for Toxic Advanced Glycation End-Products Generated in the Normal Rat Liver. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071612. [PMID: 31315223 PMCID: PMC6683103 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose/fructose in beverages/foods containing high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) are metabolized to glyceraldehyde (GA) in the liver. We previously reported that GA-derived advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) are generated and may induce the onset/progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We revealed that the generation of TAGE in the liver and serum TAGE levels were higher in NAFLD patients than in healthy humans. Although we propose the intracellular generation of TAGE in the normal liver, there is currently no evidence to support this, and the levels of TAGE produced have not yet been measured. In the present study, male Wister/ST rats that drank normal water or 10% HFCS 55 (HFCS beverage) were maintained for 13 weeks, and serum TAGE levels and intracellular TAGE levels in the liver were analyzed. Rats in the HFCS group drank 127.4 mL of the HFCS beverage each day. Serum TAGE levels and intracellular TAGE levels in the liver both increased in the HFCS group. A positive correlation was observed between intracellular TAGE levels in the liver and serum TAGE levels. On the other hand, in male Wister/ST rats that drank Lactobacillus beverage for 12 weeks-a commercial drink that contains glucose, fructose, and sucrose- no increases were observed in intracellular TAGE or serum TAGE levels. Intracellular TAGE were generated in the normal rat liver, and their production was promoted by HFCS, which may increase the risk of NAFLD.
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The Relevance of Toxic AGEs (TAGE) Cytotoxicity to NASH Pathogenesis: A Mini-Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020462. [PMID: 30813302 PMCID: PMC6412438 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common feature of chronic liver disease. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of NAFLD, and one of its risk factors is hyperglycemia. The chronic ingestion of excessive amounts of high-fructose corn syrup is associated with an increased prevalence of fatty liver. Under hyperglycemic conditions, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are generated through a non-enzymatic glycation reaction between the ketone or aldehyde groups of sugars and amino groups of proteins. Glyceraldehyde (GA) is a metabolic intermediate of sugars, and GA-derived AGEs (known as toxic AGEs (TAGE)) have been implicated in the development of NASH. TAGE accumulates more in serum or liver tissue in NASH patients than in healthy controls or patients with simple steatosis. Furthermore, the TAGE precursor, GA, causes cell damage through protein dysfunctions by TAGE modifications and induces necrotic-type hepatocyte death. Intracellular TAGE may leak outside of necrotic-type cells. Extracellular TAGE then induce inflammatory or fibrotic responses related to the pathology of NASH in surrounding cells, including hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells. This review focuses on the contribution of TAGE to the pathology of NASH, particularly hepatic cell death related to NASH.
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28
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Takata T, Sakasai-Sakai A, Ueda T, Takeuchi M. Intracellular toxic advanced glycation end-products in cardiomyocytes may cause cardiovascular disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2121. [PMID: 30765817 PMCID: PMC6375929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a lifestyle-related disease (LSRD) and one of the largest public health issues. Risk factors for CVD correlate with an excessive intake of glucose and/or fructose, which has been shown to induce the production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). We previously identified AGEs derived from glyceraldehyde and named them toxic AGEs (TAGE) due to their cytotoxicities and relationship with LSRD. We also reported that extracellular TAGE in the vascular system may promote CVD and that serum TAGE levels are associated with risk factors for CVD. The mechanisms responsible for the onset and/or progression of CVD by extracellular TAGE or the above risk factors involve vascular disorders. In the present study, we revealed that rat primary cultured cardiomyocytes generated intracellular TAGE, which decreased beating rates and induced cell death. LC3-II/LC3-I, a factor of autophagy, also decreased. Although intracellular TAGE may be targets of degradation as cytotoxic proteins via autophagy, they may inhibit autophagy. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which intracellular TAGE decrease beating rates and induce cell death may involve the suppression of autophagy. The present results suggest that intracellular TAGE are generated in cardiomyocytes and directly damage them, resulting in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu Takata
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ueda
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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Asadipooya K, Lankarani KB, Raj R, Kalantarhormozi M. RAGE is a Potential Cause of Onset and Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:2151302. [PMID: 31641351 PMCID: PMC6766674 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2151302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fatty liver is a rising global health concern, significantly increasing the burden of health care cost. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a correlation with metabolic syndrome and its complications. METHOD We reviewed the literature regarding the mechanisms of developing NAFLD through AGE-RAGE signaling. RESULTS NAFLD, metabolic syndrome, and production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) share many common risk factors and appear to be connected. AGE induces production of the receptor for AGE (RAGE). AGE-RAGE interaction contributes to fat accumulation in the liver leading to inflammation, fibrosis, insulin resistance, and other complications of the fatty liver disease. The immune system, especially macrophages, has an important defense mechanism against RAGE pathway activities. CONCLUSION Soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) has the capability to reduce inflammation by blocking the interaction of AGE with RAGE. However, sRAGE has some limitations, and the best method of usage is probably autotransplantation of transfected stem cells or monocytes, as a precursor of macrophages and Kupffer cells, with a virus that carries sRAGE to alleviate the harmful effects of AGE-RAGE signaling in the settings of fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Asadipooya
- Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kamran B. Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rishi Raj
- Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi
- Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Zhang YH, Ma DQ, Ding DP, Li J, Chen LL, Ao KJ, Tian YY. S100A4 Gene is Crucial for Methionine-Choline-Deficient Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:1064-1071. [PMID: 30328321 PMCID: PMC6192886 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.9.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the influence of S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4) knockout (KO) on methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS S100A4 KO mice (n=20) and their wild-type (WT) counterparts (n=20) were randomly divided into KO/MCD, Ko/methionine-choline-sufficient (MCS), WT/MCD, and WT/MCS groups. After 8 weeks of feeding, blood lipid and liver function-related indexes were measured. HE, Oil Red O, and Masson stainings were used to observe the changes of liver histopathology. Additionally, expressions of S100A4 and proinflammatory and profibrogenic cytokines were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot, while hepatocyte apoptosis was revealed by TUNEL staining. RESULTS Serum levels of aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, and total cholesterol in mice were increased after 8-week MCD feeding, and hepatocytes performed varying balloon-like changes with increased inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen fibers; however, these effects were improved in mice of KO/MCD group. Meanwhile, total NAFLD activity scores and fibrosis were lower compared to WT+MCD group. Compared to WT/MCS group, S100A4 expression in liver tissue of WT/MCD group was enhanced. The expression of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and profibrogenic cytokines (TGF-β1, COL1A1, α-SMA) in MCD-induced NAFLD mice were increased, as well as apoptotic index (AI). For MCD group, the expressions of proinflammatory and profibrogenic cytokines and AI in KO mice were lower than those of WT mice. CONCLUSION S100A4 was detected to be upregulated in NAFLD, while S100A4 KO alleviated liver fibrosis and inflammation, in addition to inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Hua Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - De Qiang Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - De Ping Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
| | - Juan Li
- Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Li Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Kang Jian Ao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - You You Tian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
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31
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Cai J, Zhang XJ, Li H. Role of Innate Immune Signaling in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:712-722. [PMID: 30131212 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most epidemic liver disease worldwide owing to rapid changes in lifestyle over the past few decades. This chronic condition intertwines with low-grade inflammation and metabolic disequilibrium, and potentiates the onset and progression of devastating hepatic and extrahepatic complications. In addition to an integral role in promoting host defense, recent studies also implicate innate immune signaling in a multitude of processes that control the progression of NAFLD. The focus of this review is to highlight emerging evidence regarding the role of innate immunity in NAFLD and the integration of different pathways that affect both inflammation and metabolism across the spectrum of this liver morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Yamakado M, Tanaka T, Nagao K, Imaizumi A, Komatsu M, Daimon T, Miyano H, Tani M, Toda A, Yamamoto H, Horimoto K, Ishizaka Y. Plasma amino acid profile associated with fatty liver disease and co-occurrence of metabolic risk factors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14485. [PMID: 29101348 PMCID: PMC5670226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14974-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD) increases the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and steatohepatitis, which leads to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, the early detection of FLD is necessary. We aimed to find a quantitative and feasible model for discriminating the FLD, based on plasma free amino acid (PFAA) profiles. We constructed models of the relationship between PFAA levels in 2,000 generally healthy Japanese subjects and the diagnosis of FLD by abdominal ultrasound scan by multiple logistic regression analysis with variable selection. The performance of these models for FLD discrimination was validated using an independent data set of 2,160 subjects. The generated PFAA-based model was able to identify FLD patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the model was 0.83, which was higher than those of other existing liver function-associated markers ranging from 0.53 to 0.80. The value of the linear discriminant in the model yielded the adjusted odds ratio (with 95% confidence intervals) for a 1 standard deviation increase of 2.63 (2.14–3.25) in the multiple logistic regression analysis with known liver function-associated covariates. Interestingly, the linear discriminant values were significantly associated with the progression of FLD, and patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis also exhibited higher values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Yamakado
- Center for Multiphasic Health Testing and Services, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, 1 Kanda, Izumicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8643, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Kenji Nagao
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan.
| | - Akira Imaizumi
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Michiharu Komatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takashi Daimon
- Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1, Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8131, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyano
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Mizuki Tani
- Center for Multiphasic Health Testing and Services, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, 1 Kanda, Izumicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8643, Japan
| | - Akiko Toda
- Center for Multiphasic Health Testing and Services, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, 1 Kanda, Izumicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8643, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Horimoto
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-4-7, Aomi, Koto-ku Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Yuko Ishizaka
- Center for Multiphasic Health Testing and Services, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, 1 Kanda, Izumicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8643, Japan
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Impact of intracellular glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products on human hepatocyte cell death. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14282. [PMID: 29079763 PMCID: PMC5660208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte cell death is a key feature of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the pathogenesis of NASH currently remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of intracellular glyceraldehyde (GA)-derived advanced glycation end-products (GA-AGEs) on human hepatocyte cell death. The accumulation of intracellular GA-AGEs has been associated with the induction of DNA damage and hepatocyte necrotic cell death. Among intracellular GA-AGEs, caspase-3 has been identified as a GA-AGE-modified protein with abrogated protein function. Furthermore, the activation of caspase-3 and induction of hepatocyte apoptosis by camptothecin, a DNA-damaging agent, was suppressed by a treatment with GA. These results suggest the inhibitory effects of GA-AGE-modified caspase-3 on the induction of DNA-damage-induced apoptosis, which is associated with hepatocyte necrosis. Therefore, the suppression of necrosis, the inflammatory form of cell death, by the accumulation of GA-AGEs and GA-AGE-modified caspase-3 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the pathogenesis of NASH.
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