1
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Yang S, Shang P, Zhang K, Wang J, Zhang B, Gao X, Waterhouse GIN, Xie J, Zhang L, Xu J. PBAT/PLA food packaging film containing sodium dehydroacetate-loaded diatomite as an antibacterial agent: Fabrication, water-gas regulation and long-acting antimicrobial mechanism. Food Chem 2024; 446:138880. [PMID: 38432140 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable food packaging films with good antimicrobial properties are highly sought after for prolonging the shelf-life of fruits and vegetables whilst minimizing waste streams originating from the food sector. In this work, a series of PBAT/PLA food packaging films containing sodium dehydroacetate-loaded diatomite (SD/D) as an antimicrobial agent were fabricated. Structural analyses showed that the sodium dehydroacetate was incorporated into the pores of the diatomite. A uniform dispersion of SD/D in the composite films effectively enhanced water and gas permeability, whilst also giving the films good mechanical properties. The slow release of SD endowed the composite films with long-acting antibacterial ability (>90 % bacteriostasis rate for E. coli and >85 % bacteriostasis rate for S. aureus). The composite films were able to effectively maintain the quality of banana fruits during storage at room temperature, encouraging their use in food applications where non-biodegradable petrochemical-derived packaging films have traditionally been used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangshan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Pengpeng Shang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xianqiang Gao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Geoffrey I N Waterhouse
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China; School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jiazhuo Xie
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
| | - Jing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
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2
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Zhang X, Li X, Zhang H, Jiang S, Sun M, He T, Zhang T, Wu W. Self-supporting noncovalent Choline Alginate/Tannic acid/Ag antibacterial films for strawberry preservation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130936. [PMID: 38493811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Packaging materials with peculiar antibacterial properties can shield off and inhibit microorganism proliferation, thus achieving packaging goals such as fresh-keeping, good hygiene, and biosafety. Especially, antibacterial films made of biocompatible substances have received wide attentions, which could effectively extend the shelf life, enhance food security, and guarantee economic benefits. Herein, a self-supporting hybrid antibacterial film was prepared based on non-covalently linked choline hydroxide (ChOH) and alginic acid (HAlg). Then tannic acid (TA) and silver ions were added to improve the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of this hybrid film. The rich hydroxyl groups from TA not only form multiple hydrogen bonds with ChAlg, but can also in situ reduce silver ions to silver nanoparticles, which were confirmed with various characterizations. In addition, the quantitative antibacterial test proved that the antibacterial rate was significantly improved after adding silver ions, reaching >60 %. In an actual storage test, we found that choline cation (Ch+) captured in antibacterial film by electrostatic interaction could achieve sustained release, i.e. sustainable bacteriostasis, and keep strawberries fresh for 48 h at room temperature. This work offers a new strategy for preparing antibacterial films via non-covalent weak interactions, explored an alternative antibacterial film for food packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Xueqiao Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Shasha Jiang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Mingze Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Tao He
- Technology and Engineering Center for Multi-scale Functional Materials, Yantai University, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Shandong 264005, China.
| | - Wenna Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Shandong 264005, China.
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Beltrán Pineda ME, Lizarazo Forero LM, Sierra CA. Antibacterial fibers impregnated with mycosynthetized AgNPs for control of Pectobacterium carotovorum. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23108. [PMID: 38169729 PMCID: PMC10758722 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Using biopolymers functionalized with antibacterial agents to manufacture active packaging is a clean alternative to mitigate food losses due to postharvest plant diseases. In this study, two mycosynthetized AgNPs impregnation methodologies on cotton (cationization and in situ biochemical reduction) were used to obtain the antibacterial fibers (A-AgNPs-C and A-AgNPs-IBR), which, in addition to being characterized by SEM-EDX, XRD, were evaluated as antibacterial materials. The cotton fibers showed growth inhibition of Pectobacterium carotovorum at 48 h. The reuse tests of these cotton fibers showed that the two types of fibers could have up to three successive uses without losing their effectiveness, regardless of the impregnation method used. Is important to highlight that the retention tests indicated that the AgNPs remain attached to the A-AgNPs-C and A-AgNPs-IBR fibers after several successive washes. Finally, the mycosynthesized AgNPs were also impregnated on fique fibers (Fique-AgNPs) by cationization to obtain little antibacterial sacks. Nanostructured materials that in in vivo tests on potatoes showed only 7.8 % of affectation, while the tubers stored in the traditional sacks had an affectation of 25 %. This immobilization of AgNPs in natural fibers will allow the development of a nanobiotechnological application in the storage and transport of potatoes, after performing some additional cytotoxicity tests to guarantee its safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Eleonora Beltrán Pineda
- Grupo de investigación en Macromoléculas UN- Grupo de investigación Biología ambiental UPTC- Grupo de investigación Gestión ambiental Universidad de Boyacá - Tunja, Colombia
| | - Luz Marina Lizarazo Forero
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia- Grupo de investigación Biología ambiental, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Cesar A. Sierra
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Grupo de investigación en Macromoléculas, Bogotá, Colombia
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Stanley J, Xanthopoulou E, Finšgar M, Zemljič LF, Klonos PA, Kyritsis A, Koltsakidis S, Tzetzis D, Lambropoulou DA, Baciu D, Steriotis TA, Charalambopoulou G, Bikiaris DN. Synthesis of Poly(ethylene furanoate) Based Nanocomposites by In Situ Polymerization with Enhanced Antibacterial Properties for Food Packaging Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4502. [PMID: 38231946 PMCID: PMC10708257 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF)-based nanocomposites containing Ce-bioglass, ZnO, and ZrO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via in situ polymerization, targeting food packaging applications. The nanocomposites were thoroughly characterized, combining a range of techniques. The successful polymerization was confirmed using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and the molecular weight values were determined indirectly by applying intrinsic viscosity measurements. The nanocomposites' structure was investigated by depth profiling using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), while color measurements showed a low-to-moderate increase in the color concentration of all the nanocomposites compared to neat PEF. The thermal properties and crystallinity behavior of the synthesized materials were also examined. The neat PEF and PEF-based nanocomposites show a crystalline fraction of 0-5%, and annealed samples of both PEF and PEF-based nanocomposites exhibit a crystallinity above 20%. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs revealed that active agent nanoparticles are well dispersed in the PEF matrix. Contact angle measurements showed that incorporating nanoparticles into the PEF matrix significantly reduces the wetting angle due to increased roughness and introduction of the polar -OH groups. Antimicrobial studies indicated a significant increase in inhibition of bacterial strains of about 9-22% for Gram-positive bacterial strains and 5-16% for Gram-negative bacterial strains in PEF nanocomposite films, respectively. Finally, nanoindentation tests showed that the ZnO-based nanocomposite exhibits improved hardness and elastic modulus values compared to neat PEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Stanley
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers and Colors, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (J.S.); (E.X.)
| | - Eleftheria Xanthopoulou
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers and Colors, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (J.S.); (E.X.)
| | - Matjaž Finšgar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Lidija Fras Zemljič
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Panagiotis A. Klonos
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece; (P.A.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Apostolos Kyritsis
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece; (P.A.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Savvas Koltsakidis
- Digital Manufacturing and Materials Characterization Laboratory, International Hellenic University, GR-57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.K.); (D.T.)
| | - Dimitrios Tzetzis
- Digital Manufacturing and Materials Characterization Laboratory, International Hellenic University, GR-57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.K.); (D.T.)
| | - Dimitra A. Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, GR-57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Diana Baciu
- National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, GR-15341 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Greece; (D.B.); (T.A.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Theodore A. Steriotis
- National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, GR-15341 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Greece; (D.B.); (T.A.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Georgia Charalambopoulou
- National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, GR-15341 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Greece; (D.B.); (T.A.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers and Colors, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (J.S.); (E.X.)
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Bezerra FWF, Silva JDME, Fontanari GG, de Oliveira JAR, Rai M, Chisté RC, Martins LHDS. Sustainable Applications of Nanopropolis to Combat Foodborne Illnesses. Molecules 2023; 28:6785. [PMID: 37836629 PMCID: PMC10574570 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis has numerous biological properties and technological potential, but its low solubility in water makes its use quite difficult. With the advent of nanotechnology, better formulations with propolis, such as nanopropolis, can be achieved to improve its properties. Nanopropolis is a natural nanomaterial with several applications, including in the maintenance of food quality. Food safety is a global public health concern since food matrices are highly susceptible to contamination of various natures, leading to food loss and transmission of harmful foodborne illness. Due to their smaller size, propolis nanoparticles are more readily absorbed by the body and have higher antibacterial and antifungal activities than common propolis. This review aims to understand whether using propolis with nanotechnology can help preserve food and prevent foodborne illness. Nanotechnology applied to propolis formulations proved to be effective against pathogenic microorganisms of industrial interest, making it possible to solve problems of outbreaks that can occur through food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Wariss Figueiredo Bezerra
- Graduate Program of Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (J.d.M.e.S.); (R.C.C.); (L.H.d.S.M.)
| | - Jonilson de Melo e Silva
- Graduate Program of Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (J.d.M.e.S.); (R.C.C.); (L.H.d.S.M.)
| | | | | | - Mahendra Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati 444602, India;
| | - Renan Campos Chisté
- Graduate Program of Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (J.d.M.e.S.); (R.C.C.); (L.H.d.S.M.)
| | - Luiza Helena da Silva Martins
- Graduate Program of Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (J.d.M.e.S.); (R.C.C.); (L.H.d.S.M.)
- Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém 66077-530, Brazil;
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6
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Bose I, Roy S, Pandey VK, Singh R. A Comprehensive Review on Significance and Advancements of Antimicrobial Agents in Biodegradable Food Packaging. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:968. [PMID: 37370286 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Food waste is key global problem and more than 90% of the leftover waste produced by food packaging factories is dumped in landfills. Foods packaged using eco-friendly materials have a longer shelf life as a result of the increased need for high-quality and secure packaging materials. For packaging purposes, natural foundation materials are required, as well as active substances that can prolong the freshness of the food items. Antimicrobial packaging is one such advancement in the area of active packaging. Biodegradable packaging is a basic form of packaging that will naturally degrade and disintegrate in due course of time. A developing trend in the active and smart food packaging sector is the use of natural antioxidant chemicals and inorganic nanoparticles (NPs). The potential for active food packaging applications has been highlighted by the incorporation of these materials, such as polysaccharides and proteins, in biobased and degradable matrices, because of their stronger antibacterial and antioxidant properties, UV-light obstruction, water vapor permeability, oxygen scavenging, and low environmental impact. The present review highlights the use of antimicrobial agents and nanoparticles in food packaging, which helps to prevent undesirable changes in the food, such as off flavors, colour changes, or the occurrence of any foodborne outcomes. This review attempts to cover the most recent advancements in antimicrobial packaging, whether edible or not, employing both conventional and novel polymers as support, with a focus on natural and biodegradable ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipsheta Bose
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| | - Swarup Roy
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Axis Institute of Higher Education, Kanpur 209402, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
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7
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Liu X, Liao W, Xia W. Recent advances in chitosan based bioactive materials for food preservation. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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8
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Phase Morphology, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Calcium Carbonate-Reinforced Poly(L-lactide)- b-poly(ethylene glycol)- b-poly(L-lactide) Bioplastics. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020301. [PMID: 36679183 PMCID: PMC9862968 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) is a promising candidate as a bioplastic because of its non-toxicity and biodegradability. However, the low flexibility of PLLA limits its use in many applications. Poly(L-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lactide) (PLLA-b-PEG-b-PLLA) block copolymer is of interest for bioplastic applications due to its superior flexibility compared to PLLA. The aim of this work is to modify PLLA-b-PEG-b-PLLA using a low-cost calcium carbonate (CaCO3) filler to improve material properties compared to PLLA/CaCO3 composites. The addition of CaCO3 enhanced the crystallinity and thermal stability for the PLLA-b-PEG-b-PLLA matrix but not for the PLLA matrix, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Phase morphology investigation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the interfacial adhesion between PLLA-b-PEG-b-PLLA and CaCO3 was stronger than between PLLA and CaCO3. Additionally, tensile testing was carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the composites. With the addition of CaCO3, the tensile stress and Young's modulus of the PLLA-b-PEG-b-PLLA matrix were increased, whereas these properties of the PLLA matrix were significantly decreased. Thus, CaCO3 shows great promise as an inexpensive filler that can induce nucleation and reinforcing effects for PLLA-b-PEG-b-PLLA bioplastics.
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9
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Firmanda A, Fahma F, Warsiki E, Syamsu K, Arnata IW, Sartika D, Suryanegara L, Qanytah, Suyanto A. Antimicrobial mechanism of nanocellulose composite packaging incorporated with essential oils. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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10
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Phan VH, Tai Y, Chiang T, Yu C. Synthesis of poly(lactide‐
co
‐glycolide) containing high glycolide contents by ring‐opening polymerization as well as their structural characterizations, thermal properties, morphologies, and hydrophilicity. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Van Hoang‐Khang Phan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Hsin Tai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tai‐Chin Chiang
- Global Development Engineering Program National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chin‐Yang Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
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11
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Colli-Pacheco JP, Rios-Soberanis CR, Moo‑Huchin VM, Perez-Pacheco E. Study of the incorporation of oleoresin Capsicum as an interfacial agent in starch-poly(lactic acid) bilayer films. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Enhancement in Crystallizability of Poly(L-Lactide) Using Stereocomplex-Polylactide Powder as a Nucleating Agent. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194092. [PMID: 36236039 PMCID: PMC9571414 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-molecular-weight poly(L-lactide) (HMW-PLLA) is a promising candidate for use as a bioplastic because of its biodegradability and compostability. However, the applications of HMW-PLLA have been limited due to its poor crystallizability. In this work, stereocomplex polylactide (scPLA) powder was prepared by precipitation of a low-molecular-weight poly(L-lactide)/poly(D-lactide) (LMW-PLLA/LMW-PDLA) blend solution and investigated for use as a fully-biodegradable nucleating agent for HMW-PLLA compared to LMW-PLLA powder. The obtained LMW-PLLA and scPLA powders with a nearly spherical shape showed complete homo- and stereocomplex crystallites, respectively. HMW-PLLA/LMW-PLLA powder and HMW-PLLA/scPLA powder blends were prepared by melt blending. The LMW-PLLA powder was homogeneously melted in the HMW-PLLA matrices, whereas the scPLA powder had good phase compatibility and was well-dispersed in the HMW-PLLA matrices, as detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was shown that the enthalpies of crystallization (ΔHc) upon cooling scans for HMW-PLLA largely increased and the half crystallization time (t1/2) dramatically decreased as the scPLA powder content increased; however, the LMW-PLLA powder did not exhibit the same behavior, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crystallinity content of the HMW-PLLA/scPLA powder blends significantly increased as the scPLA powder content increased, as determined by DSC and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). In conclusion, the fully biodegradable scPLA powder showed good potential for use as an effective nucleating agent to improve the crystallization properties of the HMW-PLLA bioplastic.
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Kamarudin SH, Mohd Basri MS, Rayung M, Abu F, Ahmad S, Norizan MN, Osman S, Sarifuddin N, Desa MSZM, Abdullah UH, Mohamed Amin Tawakkal IS, Abdullah LC. A Review on Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRPC) for Sustainable Industrial Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173698. [PMID: 36080773 PMCID: PMC9460194 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The depletion of petroleum-based resources and the adverse environmental problems, such as pollution, have stimulated considerable interest in the development of environmentally sustainable materials, which are composed of natural fiber–reinforced polymer composites. These materials could be tailored for a broad range of sustainable industrial applications with new surface functionalities. However, there are several challenges and drawbacks, such as composites processing production and fiber/matrix adhesion, that need to be addressed and overcome. This review could provide an overview of the technological challenges, processing techniques, characterization, properties, and potential applications of NFRPC for sustainable industrial applications. Interestingly, a roadmap for NFRPC to move into Industry 4.0 was highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hasnah Kamarudin
- Department of Ecotechnology, School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.H.K.); (M.N.N.)
| | - Mohd Salahuddin Mohd Basri
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Marwah Rayung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Falah Abu
- Department of Ecotechnology, School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
- Smart Manufacturing Research Institute (SMRI), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - So’bah Ahmad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nurazzi Norizan
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Penang, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.H.K.); (M.N.N.)
| | - Syaiful Osman
- Department of Ecotechnology, School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norshahida Sarifuddin
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Zaidi Mat Desa
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology and Process, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ummi Hani Abdullah
- Department of Wood and Fiber Industries, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Luqman Chuah Abdullah
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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Romero J, Cruz RMS, Díez-Méndez A, Albertos I. Valorization of Berries' Agro-Industrial Waste in the Development of Biodegradable Pectin-Based Films for Fresh Salmon ( Salmo salar) Shelf-Life Monitoring. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8970. [PMID: 36012231 PMCID: PMC9409061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The healthy properties of berries are known; however, red fruits are very perishable, generating large losses in production and marketing. Nonetheless, these wastes can be revalued and used. The main objective of this study was the development of biodegradable pectin films with berry agro-industrial waste extracts to monitor salmon shelf-life. The obtained extracts from blueberries, blackberries, and raspberries wastes were evaluated in terms of flavonols, phenols and anthocyanins contents, and antioxidant capacity. Then, pectin films with the extracts of different berries were developed and characterized. The results showed that the blueberry extract film was thicker (0.248 mm), darker (L* = 61.42), and opaquer (17.71%), while the highest density (1.477 g/cm3) was shown by the raspberry films. The results also showed that blueberries were the best for further application due to their composition in bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and color change at different pHs. The salmon samples wrapped in blueberry films showed lower values of pH and deterioration of fish during storage compared to the control and pectin samples. This study contributes to the valorization of berries agro-industrial waste by the development of eco-friendly films that can be used in the future as intelligent food packaging materials contributing to the extension of food shelf-life as a sustainable packaging alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janira Romero
- Faculty of Sciences and Art, Universidad Católica de Ávila (UCAV), Calle Canteros s/n, 05005 Ávila, Spain
| | - Rui M. S. Cruz
- Department of Food Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Campus da Penha, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development and CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Díez-Méndez
- Faculty of Sciences and Art, Universidad Católica de Ávila (UCAV), Calle Canteros s/n, 05005 Ávila, Spain
| | - Irene Albertos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica de Ávila (UCAV), Calle Canteros s/n, 05005 Ávila, Spain
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Improvement in Thermal Stability of Flexible Poly(L-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lactide) Bioplastic by Blending with Native Cassava Starch. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153186. [PMID: 35956700 PMCID: PMC9370861 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-molecular-weight poly(L-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lactide) triblock copolymer (PLLA-PEG-PLLA) is a promising candidate for use as a biodegradable bioplastic because of its high flexibility. However, the applications of PLLA-PEG-PLLA have been limited due to its high cost and poor thermal stability compared to PLLA. In this work, native cassava starch was blended to reduce the production cost and to improve the thermal stability of PLLA-PEG-PLLA. The starch interacted with PEG middle blocks to increase the thermal stability of the PLLA-PEG-PLLA matrix and to enhance phase adhesion between the PLLA-PEG-PLLA matrix and dispersed starch particles. Tensile stress and strain at break of PLLA-PEG-PLLA films decreased and the hydrophilicity increased as the starch content increased. However, all the PLLA-PEG-PLLA/starch films remained more flexible than the pure PLLA film, representing a promising candidate in biomedical, packaging and agricultural applications.
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Song T, Qian S, Lan T, Wu Y, Liu J, Zhang H. Recent Advances in Bio-Based Smart Active Packaging Materials. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152228. [PMID: 35892814 PMCID: PMC9331990 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The shortage of oil resources is currently a global problem. The use of renewable resources instead of non-renewable ones has become a hot topic of research in the eyes of scientists. In the food industry, there is a lot of interest in bio-based smart active packaging that meets the concept of sustainability and ensures safety. The packaging has antibacterial and antioxidant properties that extend the shelf life of food. Its ability to monitor the freshness of food in real time is also beneficial to consumers’ judgement of food safety. This paper summarises the main raw materials for the preparation of bio-based smart active packaging, including proteins, polysaccharides and composite materials. The current status of the preparation method of bio-based smart active packaging and its application in food preservation is summarised. The future development trend in the field of food packaging is foreseen, so as to provide a reference for the improvement of bio-based smart active packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hao Zhang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-43184533321
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Controlled Release of Volatile Antimicrobial Compounds from Mesoporous Silica Nanocarriers for Active Food Packaging Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137032. [PMID: 35806038 PMCID: PMC9266657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils and their active components have been extensively reported in the literature for their efficient antimicrobial, antioxidant and antifungal properties. However, the sensitivity of these volatile compounds towards heat, oxygen and light limits their usage in real food packaging applications. The encapsulation of these compounds into inorganic nanocarriers, such as nanoclays, has been shown to prolong the release and protect the compounds from harsh processing conditions. Nevertheless, these systems have limited shelf stability, and the release is of limited control. Thus, this study presents a mesoporous silica nanocarrier with a high surface area and well-ordered protective pore structure for loading large amounts of natural active compounds (up to 500 mg/g). The presented loaded nanocarriers are shelf-stable with a very slow initial release which levels out at 50% retention of the encapsulated compounds after 2 months. By the addition of simulated drip-loss from chicken, the release of the compounds is activated and gives an antimicrobial effect, which is demonstrated on the foodborne spoilage bacteria Brochothrixthermosphacta and the potentially pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli. When the release of the active compounds is activated, a ≥4-log reduction in the growth of B. thermosphacta and a 2-log reduction of E. coli is obtained, after only one hour of incubation. During the same one-hour incubation period the dry nanocarriers gave a negligible inhibitory effect. By using the proposed nanocarrier system, which is activated by the food product itself, increased availability of the natural antimicrobial compounds is expected, with a subsequent controlled antimicrobial effect.
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Microscopic and Structural Studies of an Antimicrobial Polymer Film Modified with a Natural Filler Based on Triterpenoids. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061097. [PMID: 35335428 PMCID: PMC8953123 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aspects of component visualization of the antimicrobial triterpenoids (betulin) additive, both on the surface and in the bulk of the polymer, constituting food film packaging, are considered. This paper presents new knowledge about the morphology and surface structure of modified films using three independent methodological approaches: optical microscopy; a histological method adapted to packaging materials; and a method of attenuated total internal reflection (ATR) spectroscopy in the infrared region with Fourier transform. The use of these methods shows the betulin granules, individual or forming chains. To visualize the antimicrobial additive in the polymer bulk, a modified histological method adapted for film materials and attenuated total internal reflection (ATR) spectroscopy in the infrared region were used with Fourier transform using a Lumos Bruker microscope (Germany) (ATR crystal based on germanium). Sample sections were analyzed using Leica 818 blades at an angle of 45 degrees. The histological method consists of the study of a biological object thin section, in the transmitted light of a microscope, stained with contrast dyes to reveal its structures, and placed on a glass slide. In the method modified for the present study, instead of a biological one, a synthetic object was used, namely the developed film materials with the addition of natural organic origin. Individual granules are about 2 µm long; chains can be up to 10 µm long. The thickness of the granules ranged from 1 to 1.5 microns. It can be seen that the depth distribution of granules in the film from the inner surface to the outer one is rather uniform. Spectroscopic studies using the method of automatic ATR mapping in the region of 880 cm−1 made it possible to evaluate the distribution of an antimicrobial additive based on triterpenoids on the surface and in the polymer bulk.
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A Comprehensive Review of the Development of Carbohydrate Macromolecules and Copper Oxide Nanocomposite Films in Food Nanopackaging. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:7557825. [PMID: 35287316 PMCID: PMC8917952 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7557825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Food nanopackaging helps maintain food quality against physical, chemical, and storage instability factors. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) can improve biopolymers’ mechanical features and barrier properties. This will lead to antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in food packaging to extend the shelf life. Scope and Approach. Edible coatings based on carbohydrate biopolymers have improved the quality of packaging. Several studies have addressed the role of carbohydrate biopolymers and incorporated nanoparticles to enhance food packets’ quality as active nanopackaging. Combined with nanoparticles, these biopolymers create film coatings with an excellent barrier property against transmissions of gases such as O2 and CO2. Key Findings and Conclusions. This review describes the CuO-biopolymer composites, including chitosan, agar, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, cellulose nanowhiskers, carrageenan, alginate, starch, and polylactic acid, as food packaging films. Here, we reviewed different fabrication techniques of CuO biocomposites and the impact of CuONPs on the physical, mechanical, barrier, thermal stability, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of carbohydrate-based films.
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