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Hoveidaei AH, Sadat-Shojai M, Mosalamiaghili S, Salarikia SR, Roghani-Shahraki H, Ghaderpanah R, Ersi MH, Conway JD. Nano-hydroxyapatite structures for bone regenerative medicine: Cell-material interaction. Bone 2024; 179:116956. [PMID: 37951520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering holds great promise for the regeneration of damaged or severe bone defects. However, several challenges hinder its translation into clinical practice. To address these challenges, interdisciplinary efforts and advances in biomaterials, cell biology, and bioengineering are required. In recent years, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)-based scaffolds have emerged as a promising approach for the development of bone regenerative agents. The unique similarity of nHA with minerals found in natural bones promotes remineralization and stimulates bone growth, which are crucial factors for efficient bone regeneration. Moreover, nHA exhibits desirable properties, such as strong chemical interactions with bone and facilitation of tissue growth, without inducing inflammation or toxicity. It also promotes osteoblast survival, adhesion, and proliferation, as well as increasing alkaline phosphatase activity, osteogenic differentiation, and bone-specific gene expression. However, it is important to note that the effect of nHA on osteoblast behavior is dose-dependent, with cytotoxic effects observed at higher doses. Additionally, the particle size of nHA plays a crucial role, with smaller particles having a more significant impact. Therefore, in this review, we highlighted the potential of nHA for improving bone regeneration processes and summarized the available data on bone cell response to nHA-based scaffolds. In addition, an attempt is made to portray the current status of bone tissue engineering using nHA/polymer hybrids and some recent scientific research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Human Hoveidaei
- International Center for Limb Lengthening, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mehdi Sadat-Shojai
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyedarad Mosalamiaghili
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Rezvan Ghaderpanah
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hamed Ersi
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran; Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Janet D Conway
- International Center for Limb Lengthening, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Bauer L, Antunović M, Ivanković H, Ivanković M. Biomimetic Scaffolds Based on Mn 2+-, Mg 2+-, and Sr 2+-Substituted Calcium Phosphates Derived from Natural Sources and Polycaprolactone. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:30. [PMID: 38248604 PMCID: PMC10813741 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of bone disorders is steadily increasing worldwide. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional treatments of bone defects, developing bone scaffolds capable of promoting bone regeneration. In this research, biomimetic scaffolds based on ion-substituted calcium phosphates, derived from cuttlefish bone, were prepared using a hydrothermal method. To synthesize Mn2+-substituted scaffolds, three different manganese concentrations (corresponding to 1, 2.5, and 5 mol% Mn substitutions for Ca into hydroxyapatite) were used. Also, syntheses with the simultaneous addition of an equimolar amount (1 mol%) of two (Mg2+ and Sr2+) or three ions (Mn2+, Mg2+, and Sr2+) were performed. A chemical, structural, and morphological characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of the ion substitutions on the lattice parameters, crystallite sizes, and fractions of the detected phases were discussed. Multi-substituted (Mn2+, Mg2+, and Sr2+) scaffolds were coated with polycaprolactone (PCL) using simple vacuum impregnation. The differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), cultured on the PCL-coated scaffold, was evaluated using histology, immunohistochemistry, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses. The expression of collagen I, alkaline phosphatase, and dentin matrix protein 1 was detected. The influence of PCL coating on hMSCs behavior is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Bauer
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Antunović
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marica Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
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3
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Rajabi M, Cabral JD, Saunderson S, Gould M, Ali MA. Development and optimisation of hydroxyapatite-polyethylene glycol diacrylate hydrogel inks for 3D printing of bone tissue engineered scaffolds. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:065009. [PMID: 37699400 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acf90a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
In the event of excessive damage to bone tissue, the self-healing process alone is not sufficient to restore bone integrity. Three-dimensional (3D) printing, as an advanced additive manufacturing technology, can create implantable bone scaffolds with accurate geometry and internal architecture, facilitating bone regeneration. This study aims to develop and optimise hydroxyapatite-polyethylene glycol diacrylate (HA-PEGDA) hydrogel inks for extrusion 3D printing of bone tissue scaffolds. Different concentrations of HA were mixed with PEGDA, and further incorporated with pluronic F127 (PF127) as a sacrificial carrier. PF127 provided good distribution of HA nanoparticle within the scaffolds and improved the rheological requirements of HA-PEGDA inks for extrusion 3D printing without significant reduction in the HA content after its removal. Higher printing pressures and printing rates were needed to generate the same strand diameter when using a higher HA content compared to a lower HA content. Scaffolds with excellent shape fidelity up to 75-layers and high resolution (∼200 µm) with uniform strands were fabricated. Increasing the HA content enhanced the compression strength and decreased the swelling degree and degradation rate of 3D printed HA-PEGDA scaffolds. In addition, the incorporation of HA improved the adhesion and proliferation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) onto the scaffolds. 3D printed scaffolds with 2 wt% HA promoted osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs as confirmed by the expression of alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition. Altogether, the developed HA-PEGDA hydrogel ink has promising potential as a scaffold material for bone tissue regeneration, with excellent shape fidelity and the ability to promote osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Rajabi
- Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jaydee D Cabral
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Saunderson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Maree Gould
- Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - M Azam Ali
- Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Rajabi M, Cabral JD, Saunderson S, Ali MA. 3D printing of chitooligosaccharide-polyethylene glycol diacrylate hydrogel inks for bone tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1468-1481. [PMID: 37066870 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
To date, lack of functional hydrogel inks has limited 3D printing applications in tissue engineering. This study developed a series of photocurable hydrogel inks based on chitooligosaccharide (COS)-polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) for extrusion-based 3D printing of bone tissue scaffolds. The scaffolds were prepared by aza-Michael addition of COS and PEGDA followed by photopolymerisation of unreacted PEGDA. The hydrogel inks showed sufficient shear thinning properties required for extrusion 3D printing. The printed scaffolds exhibited excellent shape fidelity and fine microstructure with a resolution of 250 μm. By increasing the COS content, the swelling ratio of the scaffolds decreased, while the compressive strength increased. 3D printed COS-PEGDA scaffolds showed high viability of human bone mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. In addition, scaffolds containing 2 wt% COS showed significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and bioactivity in simulated body fluid compared to the control (PEGDA). Altogether, 3D printed COS-PEGDA scaffolds represent promising candidates for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Rajabi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jaydee D Cabral
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Saunderson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - M Azam Ali
- Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Shi H, Zhou K, Wang M, Wang N, Song Y, Xiong W, Guo S, Yi Z, Wang Q, Yang S. Integrating physicomechanical and biological strategies for BTE: biomaterials-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Theranostics 2023; 13:3245-3275. [PMID: 37351163 PMCID: PMC10283054 DOI: 10.7150/thno.84759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Large bone defects are a major global health concern. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is the most promising alternative to avoid the drawbacks of autograft and allograft bone. Nevertheless, how to precisely control stem cell osteogenic differentiation has been a long-standing puzzle. Compared with biochemical cues, physicomechanical stimuli have been widely studied for their biosafety and stability. The mechanical properties of various biomaterials (polymers, bioceramics, metal and alloys) become the main source of physicomechanical stimuli. By altering the stiffness, viscoelasticity, and topography of materials, mechanical stimuli with different strengths transmit into precise signals that mediate osteogenic differentiation. In addition, externally mechanical forces also play a critical role in promoting osteogenesis, such as compression stress, tensile stress, fluid shear stress and vibration, etc. When exposed to mechanical forces, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into osteogenic lineages by sensing mechanical stimuli through mechanical sensors, including integrin and focal adhesions (FAs), cytoskeleton, primary cilium, ions channels, gap junction, and activating osteogenic-related mechanotransduction pathways, such as yes associated proteins (YAP)/TAZ, MAPK, Rho-GTPases, Wnt/β-catenin, TGFβ superfamily, Notch signaling. This review summarizes various biomaterials that transmit mechanical signals, physicomechanical stimuli that directly regulate MSCs differentiation, and the mechanical transduction mechanisms of MSCs. This review provides a deep and broad understanding of mechanical transduction mechanisms and discusses the challenges that remained in clinical translocation as well as the outlook for the future improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Shi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhou
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Mingfeng Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yiping Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832008, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Zhe Yi
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Shude Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Verisqa F, Cha JR, Nguyen L, Kim HW, Knowles JC. Digital Light Processing 3D Printing of Gyroid Scaffold with Isosorbide-Based Photopolymer for Bone Tissue Engineering. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1692. [PMID: 36421706 PMCID: PMC9687763 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most transplanted tissues of the human body, bone has varying architectures, depending on its anatomical location. Therefore, bone defects ideally require bone substitutes with a similar structure and adequate strength comparable to native bones. Light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing methods allow the fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds with high resolution and mechanical properties that exceed the result of commonly used extrusion-based printing. Digital light processing (DLP) is known for its faster and more accurate printing than other 3D printing approaches. However, the development of biocompatible resins for light-based 3D printing is not as rapid as that of bio-inks for extrusion-based printing. In this study, we developed CSMA-2, a photopolymer based on Isosorbide, a renewable sugar derivative monomer. The CSMA-2 showed suitable rheological properties for DLP printing. Gyroid scaffolds with high resolution were successfully printed. The 3D-printed scaffolds also had a compressive modulus within the range of a human cancellous bone modulus. Human adipose-derived stem cells remained viable for up to 21 days of incubation on the scaffolds. A calcium deposition from the cells was also found on the scaffolds. The stem cells expressed osteogenic markers such as RUNX2, OCN, and OPN. These results indicated that the scaffolds supported the osteogenic differentiation of the progenitor cells. In summary, CSMA-2 is a promising material for 3D printing techniques with high resolution that allow the fabrication of complex biomimetic scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Verisqa
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Jae-Ryung Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Linh Nguyen
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C. Knowles
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications: A Short Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163430. [PMID: 36015686 PMCID: PMC9416295 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural bone tissue is composed of calcium-deficient carbonated hydroxyapatite as the inorganic phase and collagen type I as the main organic phase. The biomimetic approach of scaffold development for bone tissue engineering application is focused on mimicking complex bone characteristics. Calcium phosphates are used in numerous studies as bioactive phases to mimic natural bone mineral. In order to mimic the organic phase, synthetic (e.g., poly(ε-caprolactone), polylactic acid, poly(lactide-co-glycolide acid)) and natural (e.g., alginate, chitosan, collagen, gelatin, silk) biodegradable polymers are used. However, as materials obtained from natural sources are accepted better by the human organism, natural polymers have attracted increasing attention. Over the last three decades, chitosan was extensively studied as a natural polymer suitable for biomimetic scaffold development for bone tissue engineering applications. Different types of chitosan-based biomaterials (e.g., molded macroporous, fiber-based, hydrogel, microspheres and 3D-printed) with specific properties for different regenerative applications were developed due to chitosan's unique properties. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of biomaterials for bone regeneration and relevant studies on chitosan-based materials and composites.
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8
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Hydroxyapatite Use in Spine Surgery—Molecular and Clinical Aspect. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15082906. [PMID: 35454598 PMCID: PMC9030649 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite possesses desirable properties as a scaffold in tissue engineering: it is biocompatible at a site of implantation, and it is degradable to non-toxic products. Moreover, its porosity enables infiltration of cells, nutrients and waste products. The outcome of hydroxyapatite implantation highly depends on the extent of the host immune response. Authors emphasise major roles of the chemical, morphological and physical properties of the surface of biomaterial used. A number of techniques have been applied to transform the theoretical osteoconductive features of HAp into spinal fusion systems—from integration of HAp with autograft to synthetic intervertebral implants. The most popular uses of HAp in spine surgery include implants (ACDF), bone grafts in posterolateral lumbar fusion and transpedicular screws coating. In the past, autologous bone graft has been used as an intervertebral cage in ACDF. Due to the morbidity related to autograft harvesting from the iliac bone, a synthetic cage with osteoconductive material such as hydroxyapatite seems to be a good alternative. Regarding posterolateral lumbar fusion, it requires the graft to induce new bone growth and reinforce fusion between the vertebrae. Hydroxyapatite formulations have shown good results in that field. Moreover, the HAp coating has proven to be an efficient method of increasing screw fixation strength. It can decrease the risk of complications such as screw loosening after pedicle screw fixation in osteoporotic patients. The purpose of this literature review is to describe in vivo reaction to HAp implants and to summarise its current application in spine surgery.
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Ressler A, Antunović M, Teruel-Biosca L, Ferrer GG, Babić S, Urlić I, Ivanković M, Ivanković H. Osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on substituted calcium phosphate/chitosan composite scaffold. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118883. [PMID: 34893286 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ionic substitutions are a promising strategy to enhance the biological performance of calcium phosphates (CaP) and composite materials for bone tissue engineering applications. However, systematic studies have not been performed on multi-substituted organic/inorganic scaffolds. In this work, highly porous composite scaffolds based on CaPs substituted with Sr2+, Mg2+, Zn2+ and SeO32- ions, and chitosan have been prepared by freeze-gelation technique. The scaffolds have shown highly porous structure, with very well interconnected pores and homogeneously dispersed CaPs, and high stability during 28 days in the degradation medium. Osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells seeded on scaffolds has been determined by histological, immunohistochemical and RT-qPCR analysis of cultured cells in static and dynamic conditions. Results indicated that ionic substitutions have a beneficial effect on cells and tissues. The scaffolds with multi-substituted CaPs have shown increased expression of osteogenesis related markers and increased phosphate deposits, compared to the scaffolds with non-substituted CaPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Ressler
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Maja Antunović
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Laura Teruel-Biosca
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Gloria Gallego Ferrer
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Slaven Babić
- UHC "Sestre Milosrdnice", Department for Traumatology, Draškovićeva 19, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Inga Urlić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia.
| | - Marica Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Hrvoje Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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He SK, Ning LJ, Hu RN, Yao X, Cui J, Ding W, Luo JC, Qin TW. Segmentally Demineralized Cortical Bone With Stem Cell-Derived Matrix Promotes Proliferation, Migration and Differentiation of Stem Cells in vitro. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:776884. [PMID: 35155445 PMCID: PMC8826562 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.776884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent study has shown that demineralized cortical bone (DCB) did not improve the healing of tendon-bone interface. Considering that there is a gradient of mineral content in the tendon-bone interface, we designed a segmentally demineralized cortical bone (sDCB) scaffold with two different regions: undemineralized cortical bone section within the scaffold (sDCB-B) and complete demineralized cortical bone section within the scaffold (sDCB-D), to mimic the natural structure of the tendon-bone interface. Furthermore, the extracellular matrix (ECM) from tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) was used to modify the sDCB-D region of sDCB to construct a novel scaffold (sDCB-ECM) for enhancing the bioactivity of the sDCB-D. The surface topography, elemental distribution, histological structure, and surface elastic modulus of the scaffold were observed using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, histological staining and atomic force microscopy. Cell proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and TDSCs cultured on scaffolds was evaluated using the Cell Counting kit-8, and cell viability was assessed by Live/Dead cell staining. Cell morphology was detected by fluorescent staining. The ability of the scaffolds to recruit stem cells was tested using transwell migration assay. The expression levels of bone-, cartilage- and tendon-related genes and proteins in stem cells were assessed by the polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Our results demonstrated that there was a gradient of Ca and P elements in sDCB, and TDSC-derived ECM existed on the surface of the sDCB-D region of sDCB. The sDCB-ECM could promote stem cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, the sDCB-B region of sDCB-ECM could stimulate osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and the sDCB-D-ECM region of sDCB-ECM could stimulate chondrogenic and tenogenic differentiation of TDSCs when compared to DCB. Our study indicated that sDCB-ECM might be a potential bioscaffold to enhance the tendon-bone interface regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Kun He
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Ju Ning
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Hu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuan Yao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing-Cong Luo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting-Wu Qin
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ting-Wu Qin,
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11
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PCL-Coated Multi-Substituted Calcium Phosphate Bone Scaffolds with Enhanced Properties. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164403. [PMID: 34442926 PMCID: PMC8398152 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ionic substitutions within the hydroxyapatite lattice are a widely used approach to mimic the chemical composition of the bone mineral. In this work, Sr-substituted and Mg- and Sr-co-substituted calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds, with various levels of strontium and magnesium substitution, were prepared using the hydrothermal method at 200 °C. Calcium carbonate skeletons of cuttlefish bone, ammonium dihydrogenphosphate (NH4H2PO4), strontium nitrate (Sr(NO3)2), and magnesium perchlorate (Mg(ClO4)2) were used as reagents. Materials were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Whole powder pattern decomposition refinements of XRD data indicated that increased magnesium content in the Mg- and Sr-co-substituted scaffolds was related to an increased proportion of the whitlockite (WH) phase in the biphasic hydroxyapatite (HAp)/WH scaffolds. In addition, refinements indicate that Sr2+ ions have replaced Ca2+ sites in the WH phase. Furthermore, PCL-coated Mg-substituted and Sr- and Mg-co-substituted scaffolds, with the HAp:WH wt. ratio of 90:10 were prepared by vacuum impregnation. Results of compression tests showed a positive impact of the WH phase and PCL coating on the mechanical properties of scaffolds. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on composite scaffolds in an osteogenic medium for 21 days. Immunohistochemical staining showed that Mg-Sr-CaP/PCL scaffold exhibited higher expression of collagen type I than the Mg-CaP/PCL scaffold, indicating the positive effect of Sr2+ ions on the differentiation of hMSCs, in concordance with histology results. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis confirmed an early stage of osteogenic differentiation.
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12
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El-Habashy SE, Eltaher HM, Gaballah A, Zaki EI, Mehanna RA, El-Kamel AH. Hybrid bioactive hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone nanoparticles for enhanced osteogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 119:111599. [PMID: 33321643 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HApN) are largely employed as osteogenic inorganic material. Inorganic/polymeric hybrid nanostructures can provide versatile bioactivity for superior osteogenicity, particularly as nanoparticles. Herein, we present hybrid biomaterial-based hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone nanoparticles (HAp/PCL NPs) realized using simple preparation techniques to augment HApN osteogenicity. Using wet chemical precipitation, we optimized HApN crystalline properties utilizing a 23-factorial design. Optimized HApN exhibited typical Ca/P elemental ratio with high reaction yield. Surface area analysis revealed their mesoporous nature and high surface area. Hybrid HAp/PCL NPs prepared using direct emulsification-solvent evaporation maintained HApN crystallinity with no observed chemical interactions. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to elaborate the biocompatibility and osteogenicity of nanoparticulate hybrid HAp/PCL. Hybrid HAp/PCL NPs outperformed HApN regarding mesenchymal cell proliferation and osteodifferentiation with reduction of possible cytotoxicity. Unlike HApN, hybrid HAp/PCL NPs presented moderate expression of early osteogenic markers, Runx-2 and osteopontin and significantly elevated expression of the late osteogenic marker, bone sialoprotein after 10-day culture. Our results indicate that hybrid bioactive HAp/PCL NPs could offer a more prominent osteogenic potential than plain HApN for bone regenerative applications as a standalone nanoplatform or as part of complex engineered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma E El-Habashy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hoda M Eltaher
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gaballah
- Microbiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eiman I Zaki
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications CERRMA, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal H El-Kamel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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13
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Zhou H, Boys AJ, Harrod JB, Bonassar LJ, Estroff LA. Mineral Distribution Spatially Patterns Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Behavior on Monolithic Bone Scaffolds. Acta Biomater 2020; 112:274-285. [PMID: 32479819 PMCID: PMC7372954 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Interfaces between soft tissue and bone are characterized by transitional gradients in composition and structure that mediate substantial changes in mechanical properties. For interfacial tissue engineering, scaffolds with mineral gradients have shown promise in controlling osteogenic behavior of seeded bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs). Previously, we have demonstrated a 'top-down' method for creating monolithic bone-derived scaffolds with patterned mineral distributions similar to native tissue. In the present work, we evaluated the ability of these scaffolds to pattern osteogenic behavior in bMSCs in basic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic biochemical environments. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and histological stains were used to characterize cellular behavior as a function of local mineral content. Alkaline phosphatase, an early marker of osteogenesis, and osteocalcin, a late marker of osteogenesis, were positively correlated with mineral content in basic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic media. The difference in bMSC behavior between the mineralized and demineralized regions was most pronounced in an basic biochemical environment. In the mineralized regions of the scaffold, osteogenic markers were clearly present as early as 4 days in culture. In osteogenic media, osteogenic behavior was observed across the entire scaffold, whereas in chondrogenic media, there was an overall reduction in osteogenic biomarkers. Overall, these results indicate local mineral content of the scaffold plays a key role in spatially patterning bMSC behavior. Our results can be utilized for the development of interfacial tissue engineered scaffolds and understanding the role of local environment in determining bMSC behavior. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Soft tissue-to-bone interfaces, such as tendon-bone, ligament-bone, and cartilage-bone, are ubiquitous in mammalian musculoskeletal systems. These interfacial tissues have distinct, hierarchically-structured gradients of cellular, biochemical, and materials components. Given the complexity of the biological structures, interfacial tissues present unique challenges for tissue engineering. Here, we demonstrate that material-derived cues can spatially pattern osteogenic behavior in bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs). Specifically, we observed that when the bMSCs are cultured on bone-derived scaffolds with mineral gradients, cells in contact with higher mineral content display osteogenic behavior at earlier times than those on the unmineralized substrate. The ability to pattern the cellular complexity found in native interfaces while maintaining biologically relevant structures is a key step towards creating engineered tissue interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Alexander J Boys
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jordan B Harrod
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lawrence J Bonassar
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States; Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
| | - Lara A Estroff
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States; Kavli Institute for Nanoscale Science at Cornell, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
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14
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Mahmoud NS, Ahmed HH, Mohamed MR, Amr KS, Aglan HA, Ali MAM, Tantawy MA. Role of nanoparticles in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:1-22. [PMID: 31722051 PMCID: PMC7002803 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the osteoinductive potentiality of some selected nanostructures; Hydroxyapatite (HA-NPs), Gold (Au-NPs), Chitosan (C-NPs), Gold/hydroxyapatite (Au/HA-NPs) and Chitosan/hydroxyapatite (CH-NPs) on bone marrow- derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). These nanostructures were characterized using transmission electron microscope and Zetasizer. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of rat femur bones and their identity was documented by morphology, flow cytometry and multi-potency capacity. The influence of the selected nanostructures on the viability, osteogenic differentiation and subsequent matrix mineralization of BM-MSCs was determined by MTT assay, molecular genetic analysis and alizarin red S staining, respectively. MTT analysis revealed insignificant toxicity of the tested nanostructures on BM-MSCs at concentrations ranged from 2 to 25 µg/ml over 48 h and 72 h incubation period. Notably, the tested nanostructures potentiate the osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs as evidenced by a prominent over-expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) genes after 7 days incubation. Moreover, the tested nanostructures induced matrix mineralization of BM-MSCs after 21 days as manifested by the formation of calcium nodules stained with alizarin red S. Conclusively, these data provide a compelling evidence for the functionality of the studied nanostructures as osteoinductive materials motivating the differentiation of BM-MSCs into osteoblasts with the most prominent effect observed with Au-NPs and Au/HA-NPs, followed by CH-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia S. Mahmoud
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL -Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622 Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H. Ahmed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL -Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622 Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R. Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khalda S. Amr
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Researches Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hadeer A. Aglan
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL -Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622 Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. M. Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL -Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622 Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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De Luca A, Vitrano I, Costa V, Raimondi L, Carina V, Bellavia D, Conoscenti G, Di Falco R, Pavia FC, La Carrubba V, Brucato V, Giavaresi G. Improvement of osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on composite poly l-lactic acid/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone defect repair. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 129:250-257. [PMID: 31506241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering offers new approaches to repair bone defects, which cannot be repaired physiologically, developing scaffolds that mimic bone tissue architecture. Furthermore, biomechanical stimulation induced by bioreactor, provides biomechanical cues that regulate a wide range of cellular events especially required for cellular differentiation and function. The improvement of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) colonization in poly-l-lactic-acid (PLLA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) composite scaffold was evaluated in terms of cell proliferation (dsDNA content), bone differentiation (gene expression and protein synthesis) and ultrastructural analysis by comparing static (s3D) and dynamic (d3D) 3D culture conditions at 7 and 21 days. The colonization rate of hMSCs and osteogenic differentiation were amplified by d3D when physical stimulation was provided by a perfusion bioreactor. Increase in dsDNA content (p < 0.0005), up-regulation of RUNX2, ALPL, SPP1 (p < 0.0005) and SOX9 (p < 0.005) gene expression, and more calcium nodule formation (p < 0.0005) were observed in d3D cultures in comparison to s3D ones over time. Dynamic 3D culture, mimicking the mechanical signals of bone environment, improved significantly osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs on PLLA/nHA scaffold, without the addition of growth factors, confirming this composite scaffold suitable for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela De Luca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| | - Ilenia Vitrano
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering (DICAM), Bio and Tissue Engineering Lab, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 8, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Viviana Costa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Valeria Carina
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Daniele Bellavia
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Conoscenti
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering (DICAM), Bio and Tissue Engineering Lab, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 8, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Rossella Di Falco
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering (DICAM), Bio and Tissue Engineering Lab, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 8, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Francesco Carfì Pavia
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering (DICAM), Bio and Tissue Engineering Lab, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 8, Palermo 90128, Italy; INSTM Consortium Palermo Research Unit, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 8, Palermo 90128, Italy; Advanced Technologies Network (ATeN) Center, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 18A, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Vincenzo La Carrubba
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering (DICAM), Bio and Tissue Engineering Lab, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 8, Palermo 90128, Italy; INSTM Consortium Palermo Research Unit, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 8, Palermo 90128, Italy; Advanced Technologies Network (ATeN) Center, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 18A, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Valerio Brucato
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering (DICAM), Bio and Tissue Engineering Lab, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 8, Palermo 90128, Italy; INSTM Consortium Palermo Research Unit, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 8, Palermo 90128, Italy; Advanced Technologies Network (ATeN) Center, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg 18A, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy
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16
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Heinemann C, Brünler R, Kreschel C, Kruppke B, Bernhardt R, Aibibu D, Cherif C, Wiesmann HP, Hanke T. Bioinspired calcium phosphate mineralization on Net-Shape-Nonwoven chitosan scaffolds stimulates human bone marrow stromal cell differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 14:045017. [PMID: 31170696 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab27a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan fibers were processed using the Net-Shape-Nonwoven (NSN) technique in order to create porous scaffolds which were functionalized in two bioinspired ways: collagen type I coating and unique mineralization with organically modified hydroxyapatite (ormoHAP). While collagen is common to enhance cell attachment on surfaces, the electric-field assisted migration and deposition of ormoHAP on the surface of the NSN-scaffolds is a novel technique which enables sub-micrometer sized mineralization while maintaining the original pore structure. Microscopy revealed fast attachment and morphological adaptation of the cells on both, the pure and the functionalized NSN-scaffolds. Remarkably, the cell number of osteogenically induced hBMSC on ormoHAP-modified NSN-scaffolds increased 3.5-5 fold compared to pure NSN-scaffolds. Osteogenic differentiation of hBMSC/osteoblasts was highest on collagen-functionalized NSN-scaffolds. RT-PCR studies revealed gene expression of ALP, BSP II, and osteocalcin to be high for all NSN-scaffolds. Overall, the NSN-scaffold functionalization with collagen and ormoHAP improved attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of hBMSC and therefore revealed the remarkable potential of their application for the tissue engineering of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Heinemann
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069, Germany
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17
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Panek M, Antunović M, Pribolšan L, Ivković A, Gotić M, Vukasović A, Caput Mihalić K, Pušić M, Jurkin T, Marijanović I. Bone Tissue Engineering in a Perfusion Bioreactor Using Dexamethasone-Loaded Peptide Hydrogel. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12060919. [PMID: 30893951 PMCID: PMC6470940 DOI: 10.3390/ma12060919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this study was the formation of bone tissue using dexamethasone (DEX)-loaded [COCH₃]-RADARADARADARADA-[CONH₂] (RADA 16-I) scaffold that has the ability to release optimal DEX concentration under perfusion force. Bone-marrow samples were collected from three patients during a hip arthroplasty. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were isolated and propagated in vitro in order to be seeded on scaffolds made of DEX-loaded RADA 16-I hydrogel in a perfusion bioreactor. DEX concentrations were as follows: 4 × 10-3, 4 × 10-4 and 4 × 10-5 M. After 21 days in a perfusion bioreactor, tissue was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histology. Markers of osteogenic differentiation were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry. Minerals were quantified and detected by the von Kossa method. In addition, DEX release from the scaffold in a perfusion bioreactor was assessed. The osteoblast differentiation was confirmed by the expression analysis of osteoblast-related genes (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen I (COL1A1) and osteocalcin (OC). The hematoxylin/eosin staining confirmed the presence of cells and connective tissue, while SEM revealed morphological characteristics of cells, extracellular matrix and minerals-three main components of mature bone tissue. Immunocytochemical detection of collagen I is in concordance with given results, supporting the conclusion that scaffold with DEX concentration of 4 × 10-4 M has the optimal engineered tissue morphology. The best-engineered bone tissue is produced on scaffold loaded with 4 × 10-4 M DEX with a perfusion rate of 0.1 mL/min for 21 days. Differentiation of hMSCs on DEX-loaded RADA 16-I scaffold under perfusion force has a high potential for application in regenerative orthopedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Panek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Center for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Maja Antunović
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Lidija Pribolšan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Alan Ivković
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Sveti Duh, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Marijan Gotić
- Department of Material Chemistry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Andreja Vukasović
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Katarina Caput Mihalić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Maja Pušić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tanja Jurkin
- Department of Material Chemistry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Inga Marijanović
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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18
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Ressler A, Ródenas-Rochina J, Ivanković M, Ivanković H, Rogina A, Gallego Ferrer G. Injectable chitosan-hydroxyapatite hydrogels promote the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 197:469-477. [PMID: 30007636 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels have emerged as promising biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential of a pH-responsive chitosan-hydroxyapatite hydrogel to be used as a three-dimensional support for encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) osteogenic differentiation. In vitro enzymatic degradation of the hydrogel, during 28 days of incubation, in simulated physiological condiditons, was characterized by swelling measurements, molecular weight determination and SEM analysis of hydrogel microstructure. Osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated MSCs was confirmed by osteogenic Runx2, collagen type I and osteocalcin immunostaining and alkaline phosphatase quantification. The deposition of late osteogenic markers (calcium phosphates) detected by Alizarin red and von Kossa staining indicated an extracellular matrix mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Ressler
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Joaquín Ródenas-Rochina
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Marica Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Hrvoje Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Anamarija Rogina
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, p.p.177, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Gloria Gallego Ferrer
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, Spain.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To conduct a thorough appraisal of recent and inventive advances in the field of bone tissue engineering using biomaterials, cell-based research, along with the incorporation of biomimetic properties using surface modification of scaffolds. RECENT FINDINGS This paper will provide an overview on different biomaterials and emerging techniques involved in the fabrication of scaffolds, brief description of signaling pathways involved in osteogenesis, and the effect of surface modification on the fate of progenitor cells. The current strategies used for regenerative medicine like cell therapy, gene transfer, and tissue engineering have opened numerous therapeutic avenues for the treatment of various disabling orthopedic disorders. Precise strategy utilized for the reconstruction, restoration, or repair of the bone-related tissues exploits cells, biomaterials, morphogenetic signals, and appropriate mechanical environment to provide the basic constituents required for creating new tissue. Combining all the above strategies in clinical trials would pave the way for successful "bench to bedside" transformation in bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Nayak
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT, Vellore, TN, 632014, India
| | - Geetha Manivasagam
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT, Vellore, TN, 632014, India.
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT, Vellore, TN, 632014, India.
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