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Chen X, Moreno LL, Tang X, Gasaly N, Schols HA, de Vos P. A novel "microbiota-host interaction model" to study the real-time effects of fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrate (NDCs) on gut barrier function. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100736. [PMID: 38681527 PMCID: PMC11052908 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, an in vitro co-culture model using an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system (ECIS) for testing the impact of real-time fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) by the intestinal microbiota on gut barrier function was established. We applied Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 as a model intestinal bacterium and alginate-pectin as immobilization polymers as well as a source of NDCs to determine the impact of pectin fermentation on the barrier function of T84 gut epithelial cells. In the first design, L. plantarum WCFS1 was encapsulated in an alginate capsule followed by embedding in an agar layer to mimic a firm mucus layer that might be present in the colon. In this experimental design, the presence of the agar layer interfered with the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurement of T84 cells. Subsequently, we removed the agar layer and used encapsulated bacteria in an alginate gel and found that the TEER measurement was adequate. The encapsulation of the L. plantarum WCFS1 does avoid direct contact with cells. Also, the encapsulation system allows higher amounts of packing densities of L. plantarum WCFS1 in a limited space which can limit the oxygen concentration within the capsule and therefore create anaerobic conditions. To test this design, T84 cells were co-incubated with L. plantarum alginate-capsules supplemented with graded loads of fermentable pectin (0, 4, and 8 mg/ml per capsule) to investigate the effect of pectin fermentation on gut barrier function. We observed that as the pectin content in the L. plantarum capsules increased, pectin showed a gradually stronger protective effect on the TEER of the gut epithelium. This could partly be explained by enhanced SCFA production as both lactate and acetate were enhanced in L. plantarum containing alginate capsules with 8 mg/ml pectin. Overall, this newly designed in vitro co-culture model allows for studying the impact of bacteria-derived fermentation products but also for studying the direct effects of NDCs on gut barrier function in a relatively high-throughput way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Chen
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luis Llanos Moreno
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xin Tang
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Naschla Gasaly
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Henk A. Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Chebotarev O, Ugodnikov A, Simmons CA. Porous Membrane Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Spectroscopy for Versatile Assessment of Biological Barriers In Vitro. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2000-2011. [PMID: 38447196 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Cell culture models of endothelial and epithelial barriers typically use porous membrane inserts (e.g., Transwell inserts) as a permeable substrate on which barrier cells are grown, often in coculture with other cell types on the opposite side of the membrane. Current methods to characterize barrier function in porous membrane inserts can disrupt the barrier or provide bulk measurements that cannot isolate barrier cell resistance alone. Electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) addresses these limitations, but its implementation on porous membrane inserts has been limited by costly manufacturing, low sensitivity, and lack of validation for barrier assessment. Here, we present porous membrane ECIS (PM-ECIS), a cost-effective method to adapt ECIS technology to porous substrate-based in vitro models. We demonstrate high fidelity patterning of electrodes on porous membranes that can be incorporated into well plates of a variety of sizes with excellent cell biocompatibility with mono- and coculture set ups. PM-ECIS provided sensitive, real-time measurement of isolated changes in endothelial cell barrier impedance with cell growth and barrier disruption. Barrier function characterized by PM-ECIS resistance correlated well with permeability coefficients obtained from simultaneous molecular tracer permeability assays performed on the same cultures, validating the device. Integration of ECIS into conventional porous cell culture inserts provides a versatile, sensitive, and automated alternative to current methods to measure barrier function in vitro, including molecular tracer assays and transepithelial/endothelial electrical resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Chebotarev
- Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Alisa Ugodnikov
- Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Craig A Simmons
- Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
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Ouahoud S, Giugliano FP, Muncan V. Monitoring Intestinal Organoid-Derived Monolayer Barrier Functions with Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS). Bio Protoc 2024; 14:e4947. [PMID: 38464939 PMCID: PMC10917696 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance across confluent cell monolayer systems is the most commonly used technique to study intestinal barrier development and integrity. Electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) is a real-time, label-free, impedance-based method used to study various cell behaviors such as cell growth, viability, migration, and barrier function in vitro. So far, the ECIS technology has exclusively been performed on cell lines. Organoids, however, are cultured from tissue-specific stem cells, which better recapitulate cell functions and the heterogeneity of the parent tissue than cell lines and are therefore more physiologically relevant for research and modeling of human diseases. In this protocol paper, we demonstrate that ECIS technology can be successfully applied on 2D monolayers generated from patient-derived intestinal organoids. Key features • We present a protocol that allows the assessment of various cell functions, such as proliferation and barrier formation, with ECIS on organoid-derived monolayers. • The protocol facilitates intestinal barrier research on patient tissue-derived organoids, providing a valuable tool for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ouahoud
- Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Gastroenterology
Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
| | - Francesca P. Giugliano
- Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Gastroenterology
Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
| | - Vanesa Muncan
- Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Gastroenterology
Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
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Colás-Algora N, Muñoz-Pinillos P, Cacho-Navas C, Avendaño-Ortiz J, de Rivas G, Barroso S, López-Collazo E, Millán J. Simultaneous Targeting of IL-1-Signaling and IL-6-Trans-Signaling Preserves Human Pulmonary Endothelial Barrier Function During a Cytokine Storm-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2213-2222. [PMID: 37732482 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammatory diseases, such as sepsis and severe COVID-19, provoke acute respiratory distress syndrome in which the pathological hyperpermeability of the microvasculature, induced by uncontrolled inflammatory stimulation, causes pulmonary edema. Identifying the inflammatory mediators that induce human lung microvascular endothelial cell barrier dysfunction is essential to find the best anti-inflammatory treatments for critically ill acute respiratory distress syndrome patients. METHODS We have compared the responses of primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells to the main inflammatory mediators involved in cytokine storms induced by sepsis and SARS-CoV2 pulmonary infection and to sera from healthy donors and severely ill patients with sepsis. Endothelial barrier function was measured by electric cell-substrate impedance sensing, quantitative confocal microscopy, and Western blot. RESULTS The human lung microvascular endothelial cell barrier was completely disrupted by IL (interleukin)-6 conjugated with soluble IL-6R (IL-6 receptor) and by IL-1β (interleukin-1beta), moderately affected by TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α and IFN (interferon)-γ and unaffected by other cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, MCP (monocyte chemoattractant protein)-1 and MCP-3. The inhibition of IL-1 and IL-6R simultaneously, but not separately, significantly reduced endothelial hyperpermeability on exposing human lung microvascular endothelial cells to a cytokine storm consisting of 8 inflammatory mediators or to sera from patients with sepsis. Simultaneous inhibition of IL-1 and JAK (Janus kinase)-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription protein), a signaling node downstream IL-6 and IFN-γ, also prevented septic serum-induced endothelial barrier disruption. CONCLUSIONS These findings strongly suggest a major role for both IL-6 trans-signaling and IL-1β signaling in the pathological increase in permeability of the human lung microvasculature and reveal combinatorial strategies that enable the gradual control of pulmonary endothelial barrier function in response to a cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Colás-Algora
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain (N.C.-A., P.M.-P., C.C.-N., G.d.R., S.B., J.M.)
| | - Pablo Muñoz-Pinillos
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain (N.C.-A., P.M.-P., C.C.-N., G.d.R., S.B., J.M.)
| | - Cristina Cacho-Navas
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain (N.C.-A., P.M.-P., C.C.-N., G.d.R., S.B., J.M.)
| | - José Avendaño-Ortiz
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain (J.A.O., E.L.-C.)
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain (J.A.O., E.L.-C.)
| | - Gema de Rivas
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain (N.C.-A., P.M.-P., C.C.-N., G.d.R., S.B., J.M.)
| | - Susana Barroso
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain (N.C.-A., P.M.-P., C.C.-N., G.d.R., S.B., J.M.)
| | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain (J.A.O., E.L.-C.)
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain (J.A.O., E.L.-C.)
| | - Jaime Millán
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain (N.C.-A., P.M.-P., C.C.-N., G.d.R., S.B., J.M.)
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Hsieh A, Yang CX, Al-Fouadi M, Nwozor KO, Osei ET, Hackett TL. The contribution of reticular basement membrane proteins to basal airway epithelial attachment, spreading and barrier formation: implications for airway remodeling in asthma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1214130. [PMID: 37771980 PMCID: PMC10523318 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1214130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale In the healthy lung, the pseudostratified conducting airway epithelium is anchored to the reticular basement membrane (RBM) via hemidesmosome junction complexes formed between basal cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The RBM within the healthy lung is composed of the ECM proteins laminin and collagen-IV. In patients with asthma, the RBM is remodeled with collagen-I, -III and fibronectin deposition. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of RBM ECM proteins on basal airway epithelial cell attachment, spreading and barrier formation using real-time electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). Methods ECIS 8-well arrays were coated with 50 μg/mL of fibronectin, collagen-I, collagen-III, collagen-IV, or laminin and compared to bovine serum albumin (BSA) or uncoated controls. The airway epithelial cell line (1HAEo-) was seeded 40, 50, 60, and 70 k cells/well and continuously monitored over 70 h to assess cell attachment, spreading and barrier formation using high (64 k Hz) and low (500 Hz) frequency resistance and capacitance. Data were analyzed using a one-phase decay model from which half-life (time cells cover half of the electrode area) and rate-constant (cell-spreading rate/h) were determined and a generalized additive mixed effect model (GAMM) was used to assess ECM proteins over the entire experiment. Results High-frequency (64 kHz) capacitance measures demonstrated the half-life for 1HAEo-cells to attach was fastest when grown on fibronectin (6.5 h), followed by collagen-I (7.2 h) and collagen-III (8.1 h), compared to collagen-IV (11.3 h), then laminin (13.2 h) compared to BSA (12.4 h) and uncoated (13.9 h) controls. High-frequency (64 kHz) resistance measures demonstrated that the rate of 1HAEo- cell spreading was significantly faster on fibronectin and collagen-I compared to collagen-III, collagen-IV, laminin, BSA and the uncoated control. Low-frequency (500 Hz) resistance measures demonstrated that 1HAEo-cells formed a functional barrier fastest when grown on fibronectin and collagen-I, compared to the other ECM conditions. Lastly, the distance of 1HAEo-cells from the ECM substrates was the smallest when grown on fibronectin reflecting high cell-matrix adhesion. Conclusion Airway epithelial cells attach, spread and form a barrier fastest on fibronectin, and collagen-I and these reticular basement membrane ECM proteins may play a protective role in preserving the epithelial barrier during airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Hsieh
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chen Xi Yang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - May Al-Fouadi
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kingsley Okechukwu Nwozor
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Twumasi Osei
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, BC, Canada
| | - Tillie-Louise Hackett
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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6
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Frech TM, Maguire C, Petrey AC, Stoddard GJ, Donato AJ. A systemic sclerosis disease model: can inducible pluripotent stem cells fill an unmet need in defining vascular leak? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:e226-e228. [PMID: 36575990 PMCID: PMC10321079 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy M Frech
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tennessee Valley Health Care System, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Colin Maguire
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Aaron C Petrey
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Gregory J Stoddard
- Study Design and Biostatistics Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Anthony J Donato
- Department of Internal Medicine, George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Gogulamudi VR, Islam MT, Durrant JR, Adeyemo AO, Trott DW, Hyuhn MH, Zhu W, Donato AJ, Walker AE, Lesniewski LA. Heterozygosity for ADP-ribosylation factor 6 suppresses the burden and severity of atherosclerosis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285253. [PMID: 37163513 PMCID: PMC10171652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the root cause of major cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as myocardial infarction and stroke. ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) is a ubiquitously expressed GTPase known to be involved in inflammation, vascular permeability and is sensitive to changes in shear stress. Here, using atheroprone, ApoE-/- mice, with a single allele deletion of Arf6 (HET) or wildtype Arf6 (WT), we demonstrate that reduction in Arf6 attenuates atherosclerotic plaque burden and severity. We found that plaque burden in the descending aorta was lower in HET compared to WT mice (p˂0.001) after the consumption of an atherogenic Paigen diet for 5 weeks. Likewise, luminal occlusion, necrotic core size, plaque grade, elastic lamina breaks, and matrix deposition were lower in the aortic root atheromas of HET compared to WT mice (all p≤0.05). We also induced advanced human-like complex atherosclerotic plaque in the left carotid artery using partial carotid ligation surgery and found that atheroma area, plaque grade, intimal necrosis, intraplaque hemorrhage, thrombosis, and calcification were lower in HET compared to WT mice (all p≤0.04). Our findings suggest that the atheroprotection afforded by Arf6 heterozygosity may result from reduced immune cell migration (all p≤0.005) as well as endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation (both p≤0.001) but independent of changes in circulating lipids (all p≥0.40). These findings demonstrate a critical role for Arf6 in the development and severity of atherosclerosis and suggest that Arf6 inhibition can be explored as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of atherosclerotic CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateswara R. Gogulamudi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Md Torikul Islam
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jessica R. Durrant
- Dallas Tissue Research, Farmers Branch, Texas, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Adelola O. Adeyemo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Daniel W. Trott
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Mi Ho Hyuhn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Weiquan Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Program of Molecular Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Anthony J. Donato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center-Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ashley E. Walker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Human Physiology, The University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Lisa A. Lesniewski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center-Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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Nazari H, Shrestha J, Naei VY, Bazaz SR, Sabbagh M, Thiery JP, Warkiani ME. Advances in TEER measurements of biological barriers in microphysiological systems. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 234:115355. [PMID: 37159988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Biological barriers are multicellular structures that precisely regulate the transport of ions, biomolecules, drugs, cells, and other organisms. Transendothelial/epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) is a label-free method for predicting the properties of biological barriers. Understanding the mechanisms that control TEER significantly enhances our knowledge of the physiopathology of different diseases and aids in the development of new drugs. Measuring TEER values within microphysiological systems called organ-on-a-chip devices that simulate the microenvironment, architecture, and physiology of biological barriers in the body provides valuable insight into the behavior of barriers in response to different drugs and pathogens. These integrated systems should increase the accuracy, reproducibility, sensitivity, resolution, high throughput, speed, cost-effectiveness, and reliable predictability of TEER measurements. Implementing advanced micro and nanoscale manufacturing techniques, surface modification methods, biomaterials, biosensors, electronics, and stem cell biology is necessary for integrating TEER measuring systems with organ-on-chip technology. This review focuses on the applications, advantages, and future perspectives of integrating organ-on-a-chip technology with TEER measurement methods for studying biological barriers. After briefly reviewing the role of TEER in the physiology and pathology of barriers, standard techniques for measuring TEER, including Ohm's law and impedance spectroscopy, and commercially available devices are described. Furthermore, advances in TEER measurement are discussed in multiple barrier-on-a-chip system models representing different organs. Finally, we outline future trends in implementing advanced technologies to design and fabricate nanostructured electrodes, complicated microfluidic chips, and membranes for more advanced and accurate TEER measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojjatollah Nazari
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 2007, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jesus Shrestha
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 2007, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vahid Yaghoubi Naei
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 2007, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sajad Razavi Bazaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 2007, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Milad Sabbagh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 2007, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 2007, New South Wales, Australia; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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Mandal M, Shukla J, Datta B, Dutta G. Role of Biosensors in Regenerative Therapeutics: Past, Present, and Future Prospects. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6008-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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10
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Rivera M, Toledo-Jacobo L, Romero E, Oprea TI, Moses ME, Hudson LG, Wandinger-Ness A, Grimes MM. Agent-based modeling predicts RAC1 is critical for ovarian cancer metastasis. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar138. [PMID: 36200848 PMCID: PMC9727804 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-11-0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental and computational studies pinpoint rate-limiting step(s) in metastasis governed by Rac1. Using ovarian cancer cell and animal models, Rac1 expression was manipulated, and quantitative measurements of cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion, cell invasion, mesothelial clearance, and peritoneal tumor growth discriminated the tumor behaviors most highly influenced by Rac1. The experimental data were used to parameterize an agent-based computational model simulating peritoneal niche colonization, intravasation, and hematogenous metastasis to distant organs. Increased ovarian cancer cell survival afforded by the more rapid adhesion and intravasation upon Rac1 overexpression is predicted to increase the numbers of and the rates at which tumor cells are disseminated to distant sites. Surprisingly, crowding of cancer cells along the blood vessel was found to decrease the numbers of cells reaching a distant niche irrespective of Rac1 overexpression or knockdown, suggesting that sites for tumor cell intravasation are rate limiting and become accessible if cells intravasate rapidly or are displaced due to diminished viability. Modeling predictions were confirmed through animal studies of Rac1-dependent metastasis to the lung. Collectively, the experimental and modeling approaches identify cell adhesion, rapid intravasation, and survival in the blood as parameters in the ovarian metastatic cascade that are most critically dependent on Rac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Rivera
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Leslie Toledo-Jacobo
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Elsa Romero
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Tudor I. Oprea
- Division of Translational Informatics, Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131,Translational Informatics, Roivant Discovery, Boston, MA 02210
| | - Melanie E. Moses
- Department of Computer Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Laurie G. Hudson
- Cancer Research Facility, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Angela Wandinger-Ness
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131,Cancer Research Facility, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131,*Address correspondence to: Angela Wandinger-Ness ()
| | - Martha M. Grimes
- Cancer Research Facility, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131
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Hartl L, Maarschalkerweerd PAF, Butler JM, Manz XD, Thijssen VLJL, Bijlsma MF, Duitman J, Spek CA. C/EBPδ Suppresses Motility-Associated Gene Signatures and Reduces PDAC Cell Migration. Cells 2022; 11:3334. [PMID: 36359732 PMCID: PMC9655908 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most aggressive human cancers and occurs globally at an increasing incidence. Metastases are the primary cause of cancer-related death and, in the majority of cases, PDAC is accompanied by metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, making it a particularly lethal cancer. Regrettably, to date, no curative treatment has been developed for patients with metastatic disease, resulting in a 5-year survival rate of only 11%. We previously found that the protein expression of the transcription factor CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein Delta (C/EBPδ) negatively correlates with lymph node involvement in PDAC patients. To better comprehend the etiology of metastatic PDAC, we explored the role of C/EBPδ at different steps of the metastatic cascade, using established in vitro models. We found that C/EBPδ has a major impact on cell motility, an important prerequisite for tumor cells to leave the primary tumor and to reach distant sites. Our data suggest that C/EBPδ induces downstream pathways that modulate actin cytoskeleton dynamics to reduce cell migration and to induce a more epithelial-like cellular phenotype. Understanding the mechanisms dictating epithelial and mesenchymal features holds great promise for improving the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Hartl
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pien A. F. Maarschalkerweerd
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joe M. Butler
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xue D. Manz
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor L. J. L. Thijssen
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam UMC Location VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten F. Bijlsma
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - JanWillem Duitman
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C. Arnold Spek
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Joffre J, Rodriguez L, Matthay ZA, Lloyd E, Fields AT, Bainton RJ, Kurien P, Sil A, Calfee CS, Woodruff PG, Erle DJ, Hendrickson C, Krummel MF, Langelier CR, Matthay MA, Kornblith LZ, Hellman J. COVID-19-associated Lung Microvascular Endotheliopathy: A "From the Bench" Perspective. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:961-972. [PMID: 35649173 PMCID: PMC9801996 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202107-1774oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Autopsy and biomarker studies suggest that endotheliopathy contributes to coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the effects of COVID-19 on the lung endothelium are not well defined. We hypothesized that the lung endotheliopathy of COVID-19 is caused by circulating host factors and direct endothelial infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Objectives: We aimed to determine the effects of SARS-CoV-2 or sera from patients with COVID-19 on the permeability and inflammatory activation of lung microvascular endothelial cells. Methods: Human lung microvascular endothelial cells were treated with live SARS-CoV-2; inactivated viral particles; or sera from patients with COVID-19, patients without COVID-19, and healthy volunteers. Permeability was determined by measuring transendothelial resistance to electrical current flow, where decreased resistance signifies increased permeability. Inflammatory mediators were quantified in culture supernatants. Endothelial biomarkers were quantified in patient sera. Measurements and Main Results: Viral PCR confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 enters and replicates in endothelial cells. Live SARS-CoV-2, but not dead virus or spike protein, induces endothelial permeability and secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor. There was substantial variability in the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on endothelial cells from different donors. Sera from patients with COVID-19 induced endothelial permeability, which correlated with disease severity. Serum levels of endothelial activation and injury biomarkers were increased in patients with COVID-19 and correlated with severity of illness. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infects and dysregulates endothelial cell functions. Circulating factors in patients with COVID-19 also induce endothelial cell dysfunction. Our data point to roles for both systemic factors acting on lung endothelial cells and viral infection of endothelial cells in COVID-19-associated endotheliopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Joffre
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, School of Medicine
| | - Lauren Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine
- CoLabs
| | - Zachary A. Matthay
- Division of General Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital
| | - Elliot Lloyd
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, School of Medicine
| | - Alexander T. Fields
- Division of General Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital
| | | | - Philip Kurien
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, School of Medicine
| | - Anita Sil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine
| | - Carolyn S. Calfee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
| | - Prescott G. Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- ImmunoX Initiative
| | - David J. Erle
- CoLabs
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- ImmunoX Initiative
| | - Carolyn Hendrickson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
| | | | - Charles R. Langelier
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; and
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California
| | - Michael A. Matthay
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
| | - Lucy Z. Kornblith
- Division of General Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital
| | - Judith Hellman
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, School of Medicine
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13
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Ebrahim AS, Ebrahim T, Kani H, Ibrahim AS, Carion TW, Berger EA. Functional optimization of electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) using human corneal epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14126. [PMID: 35986158 PMCID: PMC9391335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An intact epithelium is key to maintaining corneal integrity and barrier function which can lead to impaired ocular defense and sight-threatening opacity when compromised. Electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing or ECIS is a non-invasive method to measure real-time cellular behaviors including barrier function and cell migration. The current study uses ECIS technology to assess and optimize human telomerase-immortalized corneal epithelial cells to generate quantifiable measurements that accurately reflect changes in cell behavior in vitro. Five cell densities were assessed in two different media to determine the optimal conditions for monitoring of cellular behavior over time. Parameters of evaluation included: overall impedance (Z), barrier resistance (R), cell capacitance (C), and mathematical modeling of the R data to further generate Rb (the electrical resistance between HUCLs), α (the resistance between the HUCLs and the substrate), and Cm (the capacitance of the cell membrane) measurements. All parameters of assessment strongly indicated DMEM/F12 at 60,000 cells as the optimal condition for ECIS assessment of HUCLs. Furthermore, this work highlights the ability of the sensitive ECIS biosensor technology to comprehensively and quantitatively assess corneal epithelial cell structure and function and the importance of optimizing not only cell density, but choice of media used for in vitro culturing.
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14
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Jansen ID, van Velzen T, de Vries TJ, Szulcek R, van Loon JJWA. Real-time quantification of osteoclastic resorptive activity by electric cell-substrate impedance sensing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:921066. [PMID: 36060806 PMCID: PMC9437204 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.921066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In several diseases, bone resorption by osteoclasts is dysregulated. Thus far, no simple technique for real-time measurement of resorption is available. Here, we introduce an impedimetric bioassay for real-time monitoring of resorption by making use of the electrical insulating properties of the resorbable substrate calcium phosphate. Different chemical stimuli were applied to (pre)osteoclasts cultured on a layer of calcium phosphate in multi-well plates containing electrodes. By this, osteoclast activity can be measured continuously over days, and the effects of stimulating or inhibiting factors can be quantified. When cells were cultured in the presence of an inflammatory factor such as IL-1β, the resorptive activity started earlier. The measured decline in resistance was higher at culture day 5 than at cultures with M-CSF or M-CSF + RANKL (M-CSF norm. Resistance = 1, M-CSF + RANKL = 0.7, M-CSF + RANKL + IL-1β = 0.5). However, at day 11, this difference had nearly disappeared. Likewise, bisphosphonates were shown to inhibit osteoclastic activity. Our findings illustrate the importance of real-time monitoring; wherefore, this method has high potential not only for the study of osteoclast resorptive activity in the context of osteoclast function and diseases but also could find application in high-throughput drug-testing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ineke D.C. Jansen
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thijs van Velzen
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teun J. de Vries
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robert Szulcek
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of in vitro Modeling Systems of Pulmonary and Thrombotic Diseases, Institute of Physiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jack J. W. A. van Loon
- Life Support and Physical Sciences Section (TEC-MMG), European Space Agency—European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA-ESTEC), Noordwijk, Netherlands
- DESC (Dutch Experiment Support Center), Amsterdam University Medical Center Location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam Bone Center (ABC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jack J. W. A. van Loon,
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15
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Copic D, Direder M, Schossleitner K, Laggner M, Klas K, Bormann D, Ankersmit HJ, Mildner M. Paracrine Factors of Stressed Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Activate Proangiogenic and Anti-Proteolytic Processes in Whole Blood Cells and Protect the Endothelial Barrier. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081600. [PMID: 36015226 PMCID: PMC9415091 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-regenerative properties have been attributed to secreted paracrine factors derived from stem cells and other cell types. In particular, the secretome of γ-irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCsec) has been shown to possess high tissue-regenerative and proangiogenic capacities in a variety of preclinical studies. In light of future therapeutic intravenous applications of PBMCsec, we investigated the possible effects of PBMCsec on white blood cells and endothelial cells lining the vasculature. To identify changes in the transcriptional profile, whole blood was drawn from healthy individuals and stimulated with PBMCsec for 8 h ex vivo before further processing for single-cell RNA sequencing. PBMCsec significantly altered the gene signature of granulocytes (17 genes), T-cells (45 genes), B-cells (72 genes), and, most prominently, monocytes (322 genes). We detected a strong upregulation of several tissue-regenerative and proangiogenic cyto- and chemokines in monocytes, including VEGFA, CXCL1, and CXCL5. Intriguingly, inhibitors of endopeptidase activity, such as SERPINB2, were also strongly induced. Measurement of the trans-endothelial electrical resistance of primary human microvascular endothelial cells revealed a strong barrier-protective effect of PBMCsec after barrier disruption. Together, we show that PBMCsec induces angiogenic and proteolytic processes in the blood and is able to attenuate endothelial barrier damage. These regenerative properties suggest that systemic application of PBMCsec might be a promising novel strategy to restore damaged organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Copic
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.C.); (M.D.); (M.L.); (K.K.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Direder
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.C.); (M.D.); (M.L.); (K.K.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaudia Schossleitner
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Maria Laggner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.C.); (M.D.); (M.L.); (K.K.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Klas
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.C.); (M.D.); (M.L.); (K.K.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Bormann
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.C.); (M.D.); (M.L.); (K.K.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik Jan Ankersmit
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.C.); (M.D.); (M.L.); (K.K.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (H.J.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (H.J.A.); (M.M.)
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16
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Tolardo V, Magrì D, Fumagalli F, Cassano D, Athanassiou A, Fragouli D, Gioria S. In Vitro High-Throughput Toxicological Assessment of Nanoplastics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1947. [PMID: 35745286 PMCID: PMC9230863 DOI: 10.3390/nano12121947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Sub-micrometer particles derived from the fragmentation of plastics in the environment can enter the food chain and reach humans, posing significant health risks. To date, there is a lack of adequate toxicological assessment of the effects of nanoplastics (NPs) in mammalian systems, particularly in humans. In this work, we evaluated the potential toxic effects of three different NPs in vitro: two NPs obtained by laser ablation (polycarbonate (PC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET1)) and one (PET2) produced by nanoprecipitation. The physicochemical characterization of the NPs showed a smaller size, a larger size distribution, and a higher degree of surface oxidation for the particles produced by laser ablation. Toxicological evaluation performed on human cell line models (HePG2 and Caco-2) showed a higher toxic effect for the particles synthesized by laser ablation, with PC more toxic than PET. Interestingly, on differentiated Caco-2 cells, a conventional intestinal barrier model, none of the NPs produced toxic effects. This work wants to contribute to increase knowledge on the potential risks posed by NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Tolardo
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (V.T.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, University of Genova, Via All’ Opera Pia, 13, 16145 Genova, Italy
| | - Davide Magrì
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (D.M.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Francesco Fumagalli
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (D.M.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Domenico Cassano
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (D.M.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Athanassia Athanassiou
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (V.T.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Despina Fragouli
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (V.T.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Sabrina Gioria
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (D.M.); (F.F.); (D.C.)
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17
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Yamaguchi E, Yao J, Aymond A, Chrisey DB, Nieman GF, Bates JHT, Gaver DP. Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) as a Platform for Evaluating Barrier-Function Susceptibility and Damage from Pulmonary Atelectrauma. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:390. [PMID: 35735538 PMCID: PMC9221382 DOI: 10.3390/bios12060390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biophysical insults that either reduce barrier function (COVID-19, smoke inhalation, aspiration, and inflammation) or increase mechanical stress (surfactant dysfunction) make the lung more susceptible to atelectrauma. We investigate the susceptibility and time-dependent disruption of barrier function associated with pulmonary atelectrauma of epithelial cells that occurs in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). This in vitro study was performed using Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) as a noninvasive evaluating technique for repetitive stress stimulus/response on monolayers of the human lung epithelial cell line NCI-H441. Atelectrauma was mimicked through recruitment/derecruitment (RD) of a semi-infinite air bubble to the fluid-occluded micro-channel. We show that a confluent monolayer with a high level of barrier function is nearly impervious to atelectrauma for hundreds of RD events. Nevertheless, barrier function is eventually diminished, and after a critical number of RD insults, the monolayer disintegrates exponentially. Confluent layers with lower initial barrier function are less resilient. These results indicate that the first line of defense from atelectrauma resides with intercellular binding. After disruption, the epithelial layer community protection is diminished and atelectrauma ensues. ECIS may provide a platform for identifying damaging stimuli, ventilation scenarios, or pharmaceuticals that can reduce susceptibility or enhance barrier-function recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (J.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Joshua Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (J.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Allison Aymond
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (J.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Douglas B. Chrisey
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA;
| | - Gary F. Nieman
- Department of Surgery, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
| | - Jason H. T. Bates
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
| | - Donald P. Gaver
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; (J.Y.); (A.A.)
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18
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Urciuolo F, Passariello R, Imparato G, Casale C, Netti PA. Bioengineered Wound Healing Skin Models: The Role of Immune Response and Endogenous ECM to Fully Replicate the Dynamic of Scar Tissue Formation In Vitro. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:233. [PMID: 35735476 PMCID: PMC9219817 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9060233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The healing of deep skin wounds is a complex phenomenon evolving according with a fine spatiotemporal regulation of different biological events (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodeling). Due to the spontaneous evolution of damaged human dermis toward a fibrotic scar, the treatment of deep wounds still represents a clinical concern. Bioengineered full-thickness skin models may play a crucial role in this direction by providing a deep understanding of the process that leads to the formation of fibrotic scars. This will allow (i) to identify new drugs and targets/biomarkers, (ii) to test new therapeutic approaches, and (iii) to develop more accurate in silico models, with the final aim to guide the closure process toward a scar-free closure and, in a more general sense, (iv) to understand the mechanisms involved in the intrinsic and extrinsic aging of the skin. In this work, the complex dynamic of events underlaying the closure of deep skin wound is presented and the engineered models that aim at replicating such complex phenomenon are reviewed. Despite the complexity of the cellular and extracellular events occurring during the skin wound healing the gold standard assay used to replicate such a process is still represented by planar in vitro models that have been largely used to identify the key factors regulating the involved cellular processes. However, the lack of the main constituents of the extracellular matrix (ECM) makes these over-simplistic 2D models unable to predict the complexity of the closure process. Three-dimensional bioengineered models, which aim at recreating the closure dynamics of the human dermis by using exogenous biomaterials, have been developed to fill such a gap. Although interesting mechanistic effects have been figured out, the effect of the inflammatory response on the ECM remodelling is not replicated yet. We discuss how more faithful wound healing models can be obtained by creating immunocompetent 3D dermis models featuring an endogenous ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Urciuolo
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (P.A.N.)
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Roberta Passariello
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Imparato
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Costantino Casale
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (P.A.N.)
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (P.A.N.)
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy;
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19
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Hordyjewska A, Prendecka-Wróbel M, Kurach Ł, Horecka A, Olszewska A, Pigoń-Zając D, Małecka-Massalska T, Kurzepa J. Antiproliferative Properties of Triterpenoids by ECIS Method—A New Promising Approach in Anticancer Studies? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103150. [PMID: 35630627 PMCID: PMC9146930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electric cell–substrate impedance sensing is an advanced in vitro impedance measuring system which uses alternating current to determine behavior of cells in physiological conditions. In this study, we used the abovementioned method for checking the anticancer activities of betulin and betulinic acid, which are some of the most commonly found triterpenes in nature. In our experiment, the threshold concentrations of betulin required to elicit antiproliferative effects, verified by MTT and LDH release methods, were 7.8 µM for breast cancer (T47D), 9.5 µM for lung carcinoma (A549), and 21.3 µM for normal epithelial cells (Vero). The ECIS results revealed the great potential of betulin and betulinic acid’s antitumor properties and their maintenance of cytotoxic substances to the breast cancer T47D line. Moreover, both substances showed a negligible toxic effect on healthy epithelial cells (Vero). Our investigation showed that the ECIS method is a proper alternative to the currently used assay for testing in vitro anticancer activity of compounds, and that it should thus be introduced in cellular routine research. It is also a valuable tool for live-monitoring changes in the morphology and physiology of cells, which translates into the accurate development of anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hordyjewska
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.H.); (A.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Monika Prendecka-Wróbel
- Chair and Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.P.-W.); (A.O.); (D.P.-Z.); (T.M.-M.)
| | - Łukasz Kurach
- Independent Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-814486196
| | - Anna Horecka
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.H.); (A.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Anna Olszewska
- Chair and Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.P.-W.); (A.O.); (D.P.-Z.); (T.M.-M.)
| | - Dominika Pigoń-Zając
- Chair and Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.P.-W.); (A.O.); (D.P.-Z.); (T.M.-M.)
| | - Teresa Małecka-Massalska
- Chair and Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.P.-W.); (A.O.); (D.P.-Z.); (T.M.-M.)
| | - Jacek Kurzepa
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.H.); (A.H.); (J.K.)
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20
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Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves' Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27093001. [PMID: 35566351 PMCID: PMC9102878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid autoimmunity in Graves’ disease (GD) is accompanied by Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) in 40% of the cases. Orbital fibroblasts (OF) play a key role in the pathogenesis and cigarette smoking is a known deteriorating factor. Alongside conventional cigarettes (CC) new alternatives became available for smokers, including heated tobacco products (HTP) and E-cigarettes (ECIG). We aimed to study the cellular effects of smoke extracts (SE) in orbital fibroblasts. Primary OF cultures from GO and NON-GO orbits were exposed to different concentrations of SE (1%, 50%) and the changes were followed using Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing (RT-CES). Untreated GO and NON-GO cells had different maximum cell index (CI) values of 3.3 and 2.79 respectively (p < 0.0001). CC, HTP and ECIG treated NON-GO fibroblasts exhibited peak CIs of 2.62, 3.32 and 3.41 while treated GO cells’ CIs were higher, 5.38, 6.25 and 6.33, respectively (p < 0.0001). The metabolic activity (MTT) decreased (p < 0.001) and hyaluronan production doubled (p < 0.02) after 50% of CC SE treatment in all cell cultures. GO fibroblasts were more sensitive to low concentration SE then NON-GO fibroblasts (p < 0.0001). The studied SEs exerted different effects. RT-CES is a sensitive technique to detect the effects of very low concentration of SE on fibroblasts.
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21
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Hoare D, Tsiamis A, Marland JRK, Czyzewski J, Kirimi MT, Holsgrove M, Russell E, Neale SL, Mirzai N, Mitra S, Mercer JR. Predicting Cardiovascular Stent Complications Using Self-Reporting Biosensors for Noninvasive Detection of Disease. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105285. [PMID: 35322587 PMCID: PMC9130883 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Self-reporting implantable medical devices are the future of cardiovascular healthcare. Cardiovascular complications such as blocked arteries that lead to the majority of heart attacks and strokes are frequently treated with inert metal stents that reopen affected vessels. Stents frequently re-block after deployment due to a wound response called in-stent restenosis (ISR). Herein, an implantable miniaturized sensor and telemetry system are developed that can detect this process, discern the different cell types associated with ISR, distinguish sub plaque components as demonstrated with ex vivo samples, and differentiate blood from blood clot, all on a silicon substrate making it suitable for integration onto a vascular stent. This work shows that microfabricated sensors can provide clinically relevant information in settings closer to physiological conditions than previous work with cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hoare
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences/British Heart FoundationUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Andreas Tsiamis
- School of EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Micro and Nano SystemsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Jamie R. K. Marland
- School of EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Micro and Nano SystemsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Jakub Czyzewski
- BioElectronics UnitCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Mahmut T. Kirimi
- Centre for Medical and Industrial UltrasonicsJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Michael Holsgrove
- BioElectronics UnitCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Ewan Russell
- Centre for Medical and Industrial UltrasonicsJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Steven L. Neale
- Centre for Medical and Industrial UltrasonicsJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Nosrat Mirzai
- BioElectronics UnitCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Srinjoy Mitra
- School of EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Micro and Nano SystemsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - John R. Mercer
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences/British Heart FoundationUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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22
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Rapier CE, Jagadeesan S, Vatine G, Ben-Yoav H. Microfluidic channel sensory system for electro-addressing cell location, determining confluency, and quantifying a general number of cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3248. [PMID: 35228609 PMCID: PMC8885753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is a highly useful platform for culturing, monitoring, and testing biological cells. The integration of electrodes into microfluidic channels extends the functionality, sensing, and testing capabilities of microfluidic systems. By employing an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique, the non-invasive, label-free detection of the activities of cells in real-time can be achieved. To address the movement toward spatially resolving cells in cell culture, we developed a sensory system capable of electro-addressing cell location within a microfluidic channel. This simple system allows for real-time cell location, integrity monitoring (of barrier producing cells), and confluency sensing without the need for frequent optical evaluation-saving time. EIS results demonstrate that cells within microfluidic channels can be located between various pairs of electrodes at different positions along the length of the device. Impedance spectra clearly differentiates between empty, sparse, and confluent microfluidic channels. The system also senses the level of cell confluence between electrode pairs-allowing for the relative quantification of cells in different areas of the microfluidic channel. The system's electrode layout can easily be incorporated into other devices. Namely, organ-on-a-chip devices, that require the monitoring of precise cell location and confluency levels for understanding tissue function, modeling diseases, and for testing therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal E Rapier
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Srikanth Jagadeesan
- The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Gad Vatine
- The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Hadar Ben-Yoav
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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23
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Timothy Grass Pollen Induces Spatial Reorganisation of F-Actin and Loss of Junctional Integrity in Respiratory Cells. Inflammation 2022; 45:1209-1223. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Dijk G, Poulkouras R, OConnor RP. Electroporation Microchip with Integrated Conducting Polymer Electrode Array for Highly Sensitive Impedance Measurement. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022; 69:2363-2369. [PMID: 35041593 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3143542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Monitoring of impedance changes during electroporation-based treatments can be used to study the biological response and provide feedback regarding treatment progression. However, seamless integration of the sensing electrodes with the setup can be challenging and high impedance sensing electrodes limit the recording sensitivity as well as the spatial resolution. Here, we present an all-in-one microchip containing stimulation electrodes, as well as an array of low impedance, micro-scale sensing electrodes for highly sensitive electrical impedance spectroscopy. METHODS An in vitro platform is fabricated with integrated stimulation and sensing electrodes. To reduce the impedance, the sensing electrodes are coated with the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS. The performance is studied during the growth of a confluent cell layer and treatment with electrical pulses. RESULTS Coated electrodes, compared to uncoated electrodes, show more pronounced impedance changes in a broader frequency range throughout the formation of a confluent cell layer and electrical treatment. CONCLUSION PEDOT:PSS coatings enhance monitoring of impedance changes with micro-scale electrodes, enabling high spatial resolution and increased sensitivity. SIGNIFICANCE Enhanced monitoring techniques can be utilized to study electroporation dynamics and monitor treatment progression for better understanding of underlying mechanisms and improved outcomes.
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25
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Abstract
Endothelial cells play critical roles in the regulation of vascular tone, immunity, coagulation, and permeability. Endothelial dysfunction occurs in medical conditions including diabetes, atherosclerosis, sepsis, and acute lung injury. A reliable and reproducible method to isolate pure endothelial cells from mice is needed to investigate the role of endothelial cells in the pathogenesis of these and other conditions. In this protocol, lung microvascular endothelial cells were prepared from 5-7 day old neonatal mouse pups. Lungs are harvested, minced, and enzymatically digested with collagenase I, and released cells are cultured overnight. Endothelial cells are then selected using anti-PECAM1 (CD-31) IgG conjugated to magnetic beads, and cells again are cultured to confluence. A secondary cell selection then occurs with anti-ICAM2 (CD-102) IgG conjugated to magnetic beads to increase the purity of the endothelial cells, and the cells again are cultured to confluence. The entire process takes approximately 7-10 days before the cells can be used for experimentation. This simple protocol yields highly pure (purity >92%) endothelial cells that can be immediately used for in vitro studies, including the studies focused on endothelial cytokine and chemokine production, leukocyte-endothelial interactions, endothelial coagulation pathways, and endothelial permeability. With many knockouts and transgenic mouse lines available, this procedure also lends itself to understanding the function of specific genes expressed by endothelial cells in healthy and pathologic responses to injury, infection, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco;
| | - Nina Nguyen
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Judith Hellman
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco
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26
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Growth and Drug Interaction Monitoring of NIH 3T3 Cells by Image Analysis and Capacitive Biosensor. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12101248. [PMID: 34683298 PMCID: PMC8540853 DOI: 10.3390/mi12101248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Capacitive biosensors are manufactured on glass slides using the semiconductor process to monitor cell growth and cell–drug interactions in real time. Capacitance signals are continuously monitored for each 10 min interval during a 48 h period, with the variations of frequency from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. The capacitance values showed a gradual increase with the increase in NIH 3T3 cell numbers. After 48 h of growth, 6.67 μg/mL puromycin is injected for the monitoring of the cell–drug interaction. The capacitance values rapidly increased during a period of about 10 h, reflecting the rapid increase in the cell numbers. In this study, we monitored the state of cells and the cell–drug interactions using the developed capacitive biosensor. Additionally, we monitored the state of cell behavior using a JuLiTM Br&FL microscope. The monitoring of cell state by means of a capacitive biosensor is more sensitive than confluence measuring using a JuLiTM Br&FL microscope image. The developed capacitive biosensor could be applied in a wide range of bio-medical areas; for example, non-destructive real-time cell growth and cell–drug interaction monitoring.
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27
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Morcelles KF, Bertemes-Filho P. Hardware for cell culture electrical impedance tomography: A critical review. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:104704. [PMID: 34717415 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Human cell cultures are powerful laboratory tools for biological models of diseases, drug development, and tissue engineering. However, the success of biological experiments often depends on real-time monitoring of the culture state. Conventional culture evaluation methods consist of end-point laborious techniques, not capable of real-time operation and not suitable for three-dimensional cultures. Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive imaging technique with high potential to be used in cell culture monitoring due to its biocompatibility, non-invasiveness, high temporal resolution, compact hardware, automatic operation, and high throughput. This review approaches the different hardware strategies for cell culture EIT that are presented in the literature, discussing the main components of the measurement system: excitation circuit, voltage/current sensing, switching stage, signal specifications, electrode configurations, measurement protocols, and calibration strategies. The different approaches are qualitatively discussed and compared, and design guidelines are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K F Morcelles
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Santa Catarina State University, Joinville 89219-710, Brazil
| | - P Bertemes-Filho
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Santa Catarina State University, Joinville 89219-710, Brazil
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28
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Galpayage Dona KNU, Hale JF, Salako T, Anandanatarajan A, Tran KA, DeOre BJ, Galie PA, Ramirez SH, Andrews AM. The Use of Tissue Engineering to Fabricate Perfusable 3D Brain Microvessels in vitro. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715431. [PMID: 34531761 PMCID: PMC8438211 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro has been rapidly expanding to address the challenges of mimicking the native structure and function of the BBB. Most of these models utilize 2D conventional microfluidic techniques. However, 3D microvascular models offer the potential to more closely recapitulate the cytoarchitecture and multicellular arrangement of in vivo microvasculature, and also can recreate branching and network topologies of the vascular bed. In this perspective, we discuss current 3D brain microvessel modeling techniques including templating, printing, and self-assembling capillary networks. Furthermore, we address the use of biological matrices and fluid dynamics. Finally, key challenges are identified along with future directions that will improve development of next generation of brain microvasculature models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpani N Udeni Galpayage Dona
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jonathan Franklin Hale
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tobi Salako
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Akanksha Anandanatarajan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kiet A Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
| | - Brandon J DeOre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
| | - Peter Adam Galie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
| | - Servio Heybert Ramirez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,The Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Allison Michelle Andrews
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,The Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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29
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Zhang Q, Tan J, Wan L, Chen C, Wu B, Ke X, Wu R, Ran X. Increase in Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability is Modulated by Tissue Kallikrein via Activation of Bradykinin B1 and B2 Receptor-Mediated Signaling. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:4283-4297. [PMID: 34511968 PMCID: PMC8417820 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s322225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a critical pathological feature after stroke. Although tissue kallikrein (TK) has used in the treatment of stroke in China, the role of TK in modulating BBB permeability is not clear. Methods We investigated the effect of different doses of TK on BBB by in vivo assessments of Evans blue (EB) and sodium-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) leakage and in vitro assessments of the integrity of BBB and monolayers of microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs). The expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and bradykinin receptor-mediated signaling in BMVECs was detected. Results A significant increase in BBB permeability was observed in the mice treated with high dose of TK. However, standard and medium doses of TK could only enable sodium-FITC to enter the brain. The result of in vitro study indicated that high-doses of TK, but not standard and medium-dose of TK, reduced normal BBB integrity accompanied by a decreased expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), upregulated the mRNA levels of bradykinin 2 receptor (B2R) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the abundance of B2R. Moreover, standard-dose of TK exacerbated lipopolysaccharide-induced BBB hyperpermeability, upregulated the mRNA levels of bradykinin 1 receptor (B1R) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), increased the abundance of B1R and reduced the abundance of ZO-1; these effects were inhibited by TK inhibitor. Conclusion TK can disrupt tight junctions and increase normal BBB permeability via B2R-dependent eNOS signaling pathway, aggravate impairment of BBB via B1R-dependent iNOS signaling pathway, and consequently serve as a useful adjunctive treatment for enhancing the efficacy of other neurotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wu
- Laboratory of Platelet and Endothelium Biology, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (Wuhan No.1 Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijian Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongxue Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences Division/ Cardiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xiao Ran
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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30
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Wang X, Wang F, Lin L, Liang W, Liu S, Hua L, Wang X, Chen H, Peng Z, Wu B. Transcriptome Differences in Pig Tracheal Epithelial Cells in Response to Pasteurella Multocida Infection. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:682514. [PMID: 34490391 PMCID: PMC8417048 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.682514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida generally colonizes mammalian/bird respiratory tracts and mainly causes respiratory disorders in both humans and animals. To date, the effects of P. multocida infection on the respiratory epithelial barriers and molecules in host respiratory epithelial cells in their response to P. multocida infection are still not well-known. In this study, we used newborn pig tracheal epithelial (NPTr) cells as an in vitro model to investigate the effect of P. multocida infection on host respiratory epithelial barriers. By detecting the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values of NPTr cells and the expression of several known molecules associated with cell adherens and junctions, we found that P. multocida infection disrupted the barrier functions of NPTr cells. By performing RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), we determined 30 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) encoding gene VEGFA, which participated in biological processes (GO:0034330, GO:0045216, and GO:0098609) closely related to epithelial adhesion and barrier functions. These 30 DEGs participated in 22 significant signaling pathways with a p-value < 0.05, including the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway (KEGG ID: ssc04350), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway (KEGG ID: ssc04066), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance (KEGG ID: ssc01521), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway (KEGG ID: ssc04668), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway (KEGG ID: ssc04010), which are reported to have roles in contributing to the production of inflammatory factors as well as the regulation of epithelial adhesion and barrier function in other tissues and organisms. The results presented in this study may help improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of P. multocida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Songtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
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31
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In vitro methods used for discovering plant derived products as wound healing agents - An update on the cell types and rationale. Fitoterapia 2021; 154:105026. [PMID: 34480992 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Wounds still pose a huge burden on human health and healthcare systems in many parts of the world. Phytomedicines are being used to heal the wounds since ancient times. Now-a-days also many researchers are exploring the wound healing activity of phytomedicines. Wound healing is a complex process thus, it is always a question mark regarding the best test model (in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro) model to assess the wound healing activity of phytomedicines. In general, the researchers would opt for in vivo model - probably because of closer physiological relevance to human wounds. However, in vivo experimental models are not suitable for high throughput screening and not ethical in terms of initial screening of the phytomedicines. The in vivo models are associated with difficulties in obtaining the ethical approvals, requires huge budget, and resources. We argue that judicious selection of cell types would serve the purpose of developing a physiologically relevant in vitro experimental model. A lot of progress has been made in molecular biology techniques to bridge the gap between in vitro models and their physiological relevance. The in vitro models are the best suited for high throughput screening and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms. The main aim of this review is to provide insights on selection of the cell types for developing physiologically relevant in vitro wound healing assays, which can be used to improve the value of phytomedicines further.
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32
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Meningitic Escherichia coli α-hemolysin aggravates blood-brain barrier disruption via targeting TGFβ1-triggered hedgehog signaling. Mol Brain 2021; 14:116. [PMID: 34281571 PMCID: PMC8287823 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening infectious disease with severe neurological sequelae and a high mortality rate, in which Escherichia coli is one of the primary Gram-negative etiological bacteria. Meningitic E. coli infection is often accompanied by an elevated blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. BBB is the structural and functional barrier composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), astrocytes, and pericytes, and we have previously shown that astrocytes-derived TGFβ1 physiologically maintained the BBB permeability by triggering a non-canonical hedgehog signaling in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). Here, we subsequently demonstrated that meningitic E. coli infection could subvert this intercellular communication within BBB by attenuating TGFBRII/Gli2-mediated such signaling. By high-throughput screening, we identified E. coli α-hemolysin as the critical determinant responsible for this attenuation through Sp1-dependent TGFBRII reduction and triggering Ca2+ influx and protein kinase A activation, thus leading to Gli2 suppression. Additionally, the exogenous hedgehog agonist SAG exhibited promising protection against the infection-caused BBB dysfunction. Our work revealed a hedgehog-targeted pathogenic mechanism during meningitic E. coli-caused BBB disruption and suggested that activating hedgehog signaling within BBB could be a potential protective strategy for future therapy of bacterial meningitis.
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Ran X, Zhang Q, Li S, Yu Z, Wan L, Wu B, Wu R, Li S. Tissue Kallikrein Exacerbating Sepsis-Induced Endothelial Hyperpermeability is Highly Predictive of Severity and Mortality in Sepsis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:3321-3333. [PMID: 34290517 PMCID: PMC8289368 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s317874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Sepsis, an acute, life-threatening dysregulated response to infection, affects practically all aspects of endothelial function. Tissue kallikrein (TK) is a key enzyme in the kallikrein–kinin system (KKS) which has been implicated in endothelial permeability. Thus, we aimed to establish a potentially novel association among TK, endothelial permeability, and sepsis demonstrated by clinical investigation and in vitro studies. Methods We performed a clinical investigation with the participation of a total of 76 controls, 42 systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) patients, and 150 patients with sepsis, who were followed-up for 28 days. Circulating TK levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Then, the effect of TK on sepsis-induced endothelial hyperpermeability was evaluated by in vitro study. Results Data showed a gradual increase in TK level among controls and the patients with SIRS, sepsis, and septic shock (0.288±0.097 mg/l vs 0.335±0.149 vs 0.495±0.170 vs 0.531±0.188 mg/l, respectively, P <0.001). Further analysis revealed that plasma TK level was positively associated with the severity and mortality of sepsis and negatively associated with event-free survival during 28 days of follow-up (relative risk, 3.333; 95% CI, 2.255–4.925; p < 0.001). With a septic model of TK and kallistatin in vitro, we found that TK exacerbated sepsis-induced endothelial hyperpermeability by downregulating zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, and these could be reversed by kallistatin, an inhibitor of TK. Conclusion TK can be used in the diagnosis of sepsis and assessment of severity and prognosis of disease. Inhibition of TK may be a novel therapeutic target for sepsis through increasing ZO-1 and VE-cadherin, as well as downregulating endothelial permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ran
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoping Li
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wu
- Laboratory of Platelet and Endothelium Biology, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (Wuhan No.1 Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongxue Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences Division/Cardiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Shusheng Li
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Merrick M, Mimlitz MJ, Weeder C, Akhter H, Bray A, Walther A, Nwakama C, Bamesberger J, Djam H, Abid K, Ekpenyong A. In vitro radiotherapy and chemotherapy alter migration of brain cancer cells before cell death. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 27:101071. [PMID: 34286111 PMCID: PMC8280507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although radiotherapy and most cancer drugs target the proliferation of cancer cells, it is metastasis, the complex process by which cancer cells spread from the primary tumor to other tissues and organs of the body where they form new tumors, that leads to over 90% of all cancer deaths. Thus, there is an urgent need for anti-metastasis strategies alongside chemotherapy and radiotherapy. An important step in the metastatic cascade is migration. It is the first step in metastasis via local invasion. Here we address the question whether ionizing radiation and/or chemotherapy might inadvertently promote metastasis and/or invasiveness by enhancing cell migration. We used a standard laboratory irradiator, Faxitron CellRad, to irradiate both non-cancer (HCN2 neurons) and cancer cells (T98G glioblastoma) with 2 Gy, 10 Gy and 20 Gy of X-rays. Paclitaxel (5 μM) was used for chemotherapy. We then measured the attachment and migration of the cells using an electric cell substrate impedance sensing device. Both the irradiated HCN2 cells and T98G cells showed significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced migration compared to non-irradiated cells, within the first 20–40 h following irradiation with 20 Gy. Our results suggest that cell migration should be a therapeutic target in anti-metastasis/anti-invasion strategies for improved radiotherapy and chemotherapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Merrick
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | | | - Catherine Weeder
- Department of Biology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Haris Akhter
- Department of Biology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Allie Bray
- Department of Mathematics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Andrew Walther
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Chisom Nwakama
- Department of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Joe Bamesberger
- HCB Pre-health Science, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Honour Djam
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Kaamil Abid
- Department of Biology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Andrew Ekpenyong
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
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35
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Alsaigh T, Di Bartolo BA, Mulangala J, Figtree GA, Leeper NJ. Bench-to-Bedside in Vascular Medicine: Optimizing the Translational Pipeline for Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease. Circ Res 2021; 128:1927-1943. [PMID: 34110900 PMCID: PMC8208504 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.318265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease is a growing worldwide problem with a wide spectrum of clinical severity and is projected to consume >$21 billion per year in the United States alone. While vascular researchers have brought several therapies to the clinic in recent years, few of these approaches have leveraged advances in high-throughput discovery screens, novel translational models, or innovative trial designs. In the following review, we discuss recent advances in unbiased genomics and broader omics technology platforms, along with preclinical vascular models designed to enhance our understanding of disease pathobiology and prioritize targets for additional investigation. Furthermore, we summarize novel approaches to clinical studies in subjects with claudication and ischemic ulceration, with an emphasis on streamlining and accelerating bench-to-bedside translation. By providing a framework designed to enhance each aspect of future clinical development programs, we hope to enrich the pipeline of therapies that may prevent loss of life and limb for those with peripheral arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Alsaigh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Belinda A. Di Bartolo
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health, Kolling Institute and Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Australia
| | | | - Gemma A. Figtree
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health, Kolling Institute and Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Leeper
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
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36
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Palliyage GH, Hussein N, Mimlitz M, Weeder C, Alnasser MHA, Singh S, Ekpenyong A, Tiwari AK, Chauhan H. Novel Curcumin-Resveratrol Solid Nanoparticles Synergistically Inhibit Proliferation of Melanoma Cells. Pharm Res 2021; 38:851-871. [PMID: 33982225 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols such as curcumin (Cur) and resveratrol (Res) have been recently shown to have potential to inhibit proliferation of highly aggressive melanoma cells. This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of a topical delivery system, using a solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) loaded delivery systems, that can enhance the skin penetration and anti-cancer efficacy of combination of these polyphenols. Negatively charged Cur-Res SLNs with a mean diameter of 180.2 ± 7.7 nm were prepared using high shear homogenization method. Cur-Res SLNs were found to be stable up to 2 weeks under 4°C. The in vitro release study showed that Res was released five time more than curcumin. The permeability of resveratrol was about 1.67 times that of curcumin from the SLN-gel formulation which was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than from SLN suspension. More than 70% of Cur-Res SLNs were bound to skin locally in a skin binding study suggesting potentially utility of Cur-Res SLNs in the treatment of localized melanoma. In fact, the electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) measurements suggested that Cur-Res combination has potential to stop cell migration of B16F10 melanoma cells. Furthermore, both, Cur-Res SLNs and Cur-Res solution at the ratio of 3:1 demonstrated a strong synergistic inhibition of SK-MEL-28 melanoma cell proliferation. Further evaluation of Cur-Res SLNs in vivo melanoma models are warranted to establish the clinical utility of Cur-Res formulations in melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noor Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frederic and Mary Wolfe Center, 3000 Arlington Ave., MS 1015, Toledo, Ohio, 43614, USA
| | | | | | - Marya Hassan A Alnasser
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frederic and Mary Wolfe Center, 3000 Arlington Ave., MS 1015, Toledo, Ohio, 43614, USA
| | | | | | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frederic and Mary Wolfe Center, 3000 Arlington Ave., MS 1015, Toledo, Ohio, 43614, USA
| | - Harsh Chauhan
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, 68178, USA. .,School of Pharmacy and Health Professionals, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, 68178, USA.
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Vreeken D, Bruikman CS, Stam W, Cox SML, Nagy Z, Zhang H, Postma RJ, van Zonneveld AJ, Hovingh GK, van Gils JM. Downregulation of Endothelial Plexin A4 Under Inflammatory Conditions Impairs Vascular Integrity. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:633609. [PMID: 34017863 PMCID: PMC8129156 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.633609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Besides hyperlipidemia, inflammation is an important determinant in the initiation and the progression of atherosclerosis. As Neuroimmune Guidance Cues (NGCs) are emerging as regulators of atherosclerosis, we set out to investigate the expression and function of inflammation-regulated NGCs. Methods and results: NGC expression in human monocytes and endothelial cells was assessed using a publicly available RNA dataset. Next, the mRNA levels of expressed NGCs were analyzed in primary human monocytes and endothelial cells after stimulation with IL1β or TNFα. Upon stimulation a total of 14 and 19 NGCs in monocytes and endothelial cells, respectively, were differentially expressed. Since plexin A4 (PLXNA4) was strongly downregulated in endothelial cells under inflammatory conditions, the role of PLXNA4 in endothelial function was investigated. Knockdown of PLXNA4 in endothelial cells markedly impaired the integrity of the monolayer leading to more elongated cells with an inflammatory phenotype. In addition, these cells showed an increase in actin stress fibers and decreased cell-cell junctions. Functional assays revealed decreased barrier function and capillary network formation of the endothelial cells, while vascular leakage and trans-endothelial migration of monocytes was increased. Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that pro-inflammatory conditions result in differential expression of NGCs in endothelial cells and monocytes, both culprit cell types in atherosclerosis. Specifically, endothelial PLXNA4 is reduced upon inflammation, while PLXNA4 maintains endothelial barrier function thereby preventing vascular leakage of fluids as well as cells. Taken together, PLXNA4 may well have a causal role in atherogenesis that deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne Vreeken
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Caroline Suzanne Bruikman
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wendy Stam
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Martinus Leonardus Cox
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Zsófia Nagy
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Huayu Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Rudmer Johannes Postma
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Kornelis Hovingh
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Novo Nordisk A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janine Maria van Gils
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Şen Ö, Emanet M, Ciofani G. Nanotechnology-Based Strategies to Evaluate and Counteract Cancer Metastasis and Neoangiogenesis. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002163. [PMID: 33763992 PMCID: PMC7610913 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. It represents one of the greatest challenges in cancer therapy, both because of the ability of metastatic cells to spread into different organs, and because of the consequent heterogeneity that characterizes primary and metastatic tumors. Nanomaterials can potentially be used as targeting or detection agents owing to unique chemical and physical features that allow tailored and tunable theranostic functions. This review highlights nanomaterial-based approaches in the detection and treatment of cancer metastasis, with a special focus on the evaluation of nanostructure effects on cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Şen
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Smart Bio-Interfaces Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa 56025, Italy
| | - Melis Emanet
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM) Sabanci University Universite Caddesi 27-1, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Smart Bio-Interfaces Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa 56025, Italy
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39
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Zhang Q, Zheng M, Betancourt CE, Liu L, Sitikov A, Sladojevic N, Zhao Q, Zhang JH, Liao JK, Wu R. Increase in Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Permeability Is Regulated by MMP3 via the ERK Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6655122. [PMID: 33859779 PMCID: PMC8026308 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6655122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulates the exchange of molecules between the brain and peripheral blood and is composed primarily of microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), which form the lining of cerebral blood vessels and are linked via tight junctions (TJs). The BBB is regulated by components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) remodels the ECM's basal lamina, which forms part of the BBB. Oxidative stress is implicated in activation of MMPs and impaired BBB. Thus, we investigated whether MMP3 modulates BBB permeability. METHODS Experiments included in vivo assessments of isoflurane anesthesia and dye extravasation from brain in wild-type (WT) and MMP3-deficient (MMP3-KO) mice, as well as in vitro assessments of the integrity of monolayers of WT and MMP3-KO BMVECs and the expression of junction proteins. RESULTS Compared to WT mice, measurements of isoflurane usage and anesthesia induction time were higher in MMP3-KO mice and lower in WT that had been treated with MMP3 (WT+MMP3), while anesthesia emergence times were shorter in MMP3-KO mice and longer in WT+MMP3 mice than in WT. Extravasation of systemically administered dyes was also lower in MMP3-KO mouse brains and higher in WT+MMP3 mouse brains, than in the brains of WT mice. The results from both TEER and Transwell assays indicated that MMP3 deficiency (or inhibition) increased, while MMP3 upregulation reduced barrier integrity in either BMVEC or the coculture. MMP3 deficiency also increased the abundance of TJs and VE-cadherin proteins in BMVECs, and the protein abundance declined when MMP3 activity was upregulated in BMVECs, but not when the cells were treated with an inhibitor of extracellular signal related-kinase (ERK). CONCLUSION MMP3 increases BBB permeability following the administration of isoflurane by upregulating the ERK signaling pathway, which subsequently reduces TJ and VE-cadherin proteins in BMVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences Division-Cardiology, University of Chicago, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Mei Zheng
- Department of Biological Sciences Division-Cardiology, University of Chicago, USA
| | | | - Lifeng Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences Division-Cardiology, University of Chicago, USA
| | - Albert Sitikov
- Department of Biological Sciences Division-Cardiology, University of Chicago, USA
| | - Nikola Sladojevic
- Department of Biological Sciences Division-Cardiology, University of Chicago, USA
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, USA
| | - John H. Zhang
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - James K. Liao
- Department of Biological Sciences Division-Cardiology, University of Chicago, USA
| | - Rongxue Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences Division-Cardiology, University of Chicago, USA
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40
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Stupin DD, Kuzina EA, Abelit AA, Emelyanov AK, Nikolaev DM, Ryazantsev MN, Koniakhin SV, Dubina MV. Bioimpedance Spectroscopy: Basics and Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1962-1986. [PMID: 33749256 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we aim to introduce the reader to the technique of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with a focus on its biological, biomaterials, and medical applications. We explain the theoretical and experimental aspects of the EIS with the details essential for biological studies, i.e., interaction of metal electrodes with biological matter and liquids, strategies of measurement rate increasing, noise reduction in bio-EIS experiments, etc. We also give various examples of successful bio-EIS practical implementations in science and technology, from whole-body health monitoring and sensors for vision prosthetic care to single living cell examination platforms, virus disease research, biomolecules detection, and implementation of novel biomaterials. The present review can be used as a bio-EIS tutorial for students as well as a handbook for scientists and engineers because of the extensive references covering the contemporary research papers in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil D Stupin
- Alferov University, 8/3 Khlopina Street, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Kuzina
- Alferov University, 8/3 Khlopina Street, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Anna A Abelit
- Alferov University, 8/3 Khlopina Street, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Anton K Emelyanov
- Alferov University, 8/3 Khlopina Street, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia.,Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, L'va Tolstogo Street. 6-8, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Dmitrii M Nikolaev
- Alferov University, 8/3 Khlopina Street, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Mikhail N Ryazantsev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii pr, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Sergei V Koniakhin
- Alferov University, 8/3 Khlopina Street, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia.,Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France
| | - Michael V Dubina
- Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparation of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Pudozhskaya 7, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia
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41
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Wang H, Wei W, Cao Q, Xu M, Chen Q, Lv Y, Tan C, Dai M, Xu X, Chen H, Wang X. Sialylated Lipooligosaccharide Contributes to Glaesserella parasuis Penetration of Porcine Respiratory Epithelial Barrier. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:661-671. [PMID: 33645216 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens utilize various mechanisms to escape host immunological surveillance, break down different tissue barriers, and cause infection. Sialylation is an important surface modification of bacterial outer membrane components, especially the lipooligosaccharide of Gram-negative bacteria. It is widely involved in multiple microbe-host interactions, such as bacterial virulence regulation, host recognition, and immune evasion. There are some sialylation modifications on the lipooligosaccharide structure of Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) virulent strains. However, the role of lipooligosaccharide sialylation modification in the process of G. parasuis infection and penetration of the porcine respiratory epithelial barrier is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanism of lsgB-mediated lipooligosaccharide sialylation in G. parasuis invasion of the host respiratory epithelial barrier. Specifically, G. parasuis lsgB-mediated lipooligosaccharide sialylation and sialylated-lipooligosaccharide interacted with Siglec1 on porcine alveolar macrophages 3D4/21 and triggered the subsequent generation of TGFβ1 through Siglec1/Dap12/Syk/p38 signaling cascade. TGFβ1 decreased the tracheal epithelial tight junctions and the expression of extracellular adhesion molecule fibronectin, thus assisting G. parasuis invasion and entry to the respiratory epithelial barrier. Characterizing the potential effects and mechanisms of lipooligosaccharide sialylation-mediated TGFβ1 production would further expand our current knowledge on the pathogenesis of G. parasuis which will contribute to better prevention and control of G. parasuis infection in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Wenbin Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Qi Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Manman Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Qichao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yujin Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Chen Tan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Menghong Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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Ilyas AMO, Alam MK, Musah JD, Saw LO, Venkatesh S, Yeung CC, Yang M, Vellaisamy ALR, Lau C. Development of a carboxyl-terminated indium tin oxide electrode for improving cell adhesion and facilitating low noise, real-time impedance measurements. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C974-C986. [PMID: 33689477 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00537.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The working electrode's surface property is crucial to cell adhesion and signal collection in electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). To date, the indium tin oxide (ITO)-based working electrode is of interest in ECIS study due to its high transparency and biocompatibility. Of great concern is the impedance signal loss, distortion, and data interpretation conflict profoundly created by the movement of multiple cells during ECIS study. Here, a carboxyl-terminated ITO substrate was prepared by stepwise surface amino silanization, with N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) treatment, respectively. We investigated the stepwise changes in the property of the treated ITO, cell-substrate adhesion, collective cell mobility, and time course of change in absolute impedance from multiple Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells [(Δt-Δ|Z|)CELLS]. The carboxyl-terminated ITO substrate with a surface roughness of 6.37 nm shows enhanced conductivity, 75% visible light transparency, improved cell adherence, reduced collective cell migration speed by approximately twofold, and diminished signal distortion in the [(Δt-Δ|Z|)CELLS]. Thus, our study provides an ITO surface-treatment strategy to reduce multiple cell movement effects and to obtain essential cell information from the ECIS study of multiple cells through undistorted (Δt-Δ|Z|)CELLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Olabisi Ilyas
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Special Administrative Region of China.,Department of Physics, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Md Kowsar Alam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Special Administrative Region of China.,Department of Physics, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Jamal-Deen Musah
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, Department of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Lin Oo Saw
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, Department of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Shishir Venkatesh
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, Department of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chi-Chung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - A L R Vellaisamy
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Condon Lau
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Special Administrative Region of China
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Wong E, Xu F, Joffre J, Nguyen N, Wilhelmsen K, Hellman J. ERK1/2 Has Divergent Roles in LPS-Induced Microvascular Endothelial Cell Cytokine Production and Permeability. Shock 2021; 55:349-356. [PMID: 32826812 PMCID: PMC8139579 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Endothelial cells play a major role in inflammatory responses to infection and sterile injury. Endothelial cells express Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and are activated by LPS to express inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, and to undergo functional changes, including increased permeability. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) mediates pro-inflammatory signaling in monocytes and macrophages, but the role of ERK1/2 in LPS-induced activation of microvascular endothelial cells has not been defined. We therefore studied the role of ERK1/2 in LPS-induced inflammatory activation and permeability of primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC). Inhibition of ERK1/2 augmented LPS-induced IL-6 and vascular cell adhesion protein (VCAM-1) production by HMVEC. ERK1/2 siRNA knockdown also augmented IL-6 production by LPS-treated HMVEC. Conversely, ERK1/2 inhibition abrogated permeability and restored cell-cell junctions of LPS-treated HMVEC. Consistent with the previously described pro-inflammatory role for ERK1/2 in leukocytes, inhibition of ERK1/2 reduced LPS-induced cytokine/chemokine production by primary human monocytes. Our study identifies a complex role for ERK1/2 in TLR4-activation of HMVEC, independent of myeloid differentiation primary response gene (MyD88) and TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β (TRIF) signaling pathways. The activation of ERK1/2 limits LPS-induced IL-6 production by HMVEC, while at the same time promoting HMVEC permeability. Conversely, ERK1/2 activation promotes IL-6 production by human monocytes. Our results suggest that ERK1/2 may play an important role in the nuanced regulation of endothelial cell inflammation and vascular permeability in sepsis and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, California, 94143
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Fengyun Xu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Jérémie Joffre
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France
| | - Nina Nguyen
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Kevin Wilhelmsen
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Judith Hellman
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
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Shen CH, Lin JY, Lu CY, Yang SS, Peng CK, Huang KL. SPAK-p38 MAPK signal pathway modulates claudin-18 and barrier function of alveolar epithelium after hyperoxic exposure. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:58. [PMID: 33588817 PMCID: PMC7885562 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperoxia downregulates the tight junction (TJ) proteins of the alveolar epithelium and leads to barrier dysfunction. Previous study has showed that STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) interferes with the intestinal barrier function in mice. The aim of the present study is to explore the association between SPAK and barrier function in the alveolar epithelium after hyperoxic exposure. METHODS Hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI) was induced by exposing mice to > 99% oxygen for 64 h. The mice were randomly allotted into four groups comprising two control groups and two hyperoxic groups with and without SPAK knockout. Mouse alveolar MLE-12 cells were cultured in control and hyperoxic conditions with or without SPAK knockdown. Transepithelial electric resistance and transwell monolayer permeability were measured for each group. In-cell western assay was used to screen the possible mechanism of p-SPAK being induced by hyperoxia. RESULTS Compared with the control group, SPAK knockout mice had a lower protein level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in HALI, which was correlated with a lower extent of TJ disruption according to transmission electron microscopy. Hyperoxia down-regulated claudin-18 in the alveolar epithelium, which was alleviated in SPAK knockout mice. In MLE-12 cells, hyperoxia up-regulated phosphorylated-SPAK by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was inhibited by indomethacin. Compared with the control group, SPAK knockdown MLE-12 cells had higher transepithelial electrical resistance and lower transwell monolayer permeability after hyperoxic exposure. The expression of claudin-18 was suppressed by hyperoxia, and down-regulation of SPAK restored the expression of claudin-18. The process of SPAK suppressing the expression of claudin-18 and impairing the barrier function was mediated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). CONCLUSIONS Hyperoxia up-regulates the SPAK-p38 MAPK signal pathway by ROS, which disrupts the TJ of the alveolar epithelium by suppressing the expression of claudin-18. The down-regulation of SPAK attenuates this process and protects the alveolar epithelium against the barrier dysfunction induced by hyperoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Shen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Gong Rd, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yo Lu
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Sen Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kan Peng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Gong Rd, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lun Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Gong Rd, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Wang X, Yang Y, Wang N, Wu X, Xu J, Zhou Y, Zhao X, He Z. Mesenchymal stem cell carriers enhance antitumor efficacy induced by oncolytic reovirus in acute myeloid leukemia. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 94:107437. [PMID: 33571747 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the main treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the therapeutic efficacy is modest, and most commonly manifests as relapse from remission. Thus, improving long-term AML survival is a crucial clinical challenge. In recent years, oncolytic virotherapy has provided an alternative approach for AML treatment. The use of oncolytic reoviruses has been explored in more than 30 clinical trials for safety and feasibility issues. However, like other oncolytic viruses, neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) reduce therapeutic efficacy. To tackle this problem, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were used to deliver reovirus using in vitro and in vivo models. Human UC-MSCs were successfully loaded with reovirus, without impairing biological function.We also observed in vitro protective effects of hUC-MSCs on reovirus in the presence of NAbs. In the immunocompromised AML mouse model, hUC-MSCs effectively carried reoviruses to tumor lesions and significantly prolonged the survival of AML xenografts in mice in the presence of a high titer anti-reovirus antibody (p = 0.001). However, reovirus-induced activation of AKT, stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), and NF-κB signaling led to the maintenance of intrinsic migratory properties and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from hUC-MSCs, particularly CXCL10. In immuno-competent AML mice, MSCs carrying reovirus triggered immune responses, and eventually inhibited tumor growth. Therefore, these results suggest that MSCs as carriers of oncolytic reoviruses can enhance the antitumor efficacy of virotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyao Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yichen Yang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Nianxue Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Xijun Wu
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Pharmacology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Guiyang 550004, China.
| | - Zhixu He
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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Strzepa A, Gurski CJ, Dittel LJ, Szczepanik M, Pritchard KA, Dittel BN. Neutrophil-Derived Myeloperoxidase Facilitates Both the Induction and Elicitation Phases of Contact Hypersensitivity. Front Immunol 2021; 11:608871. [PMID: 33569056 PMCID: PMC7868335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.608871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common skin disorder affecting an estimated 15-20% of the general population. The mouse model of ACD is contact hypersensitivity (CHS), which consists of two phases: induction and elicitation. Although neutrophils are required for both CHS disease phases their mechanisms of action are poorly understood. Neutrophils release myeloperoxidase (MPO) that through oxidation of biomolecules leads to cellular damage. Objectives This study investigated mechanisms whereby MPO contributes to CHS pathogenesis. Methods CHS was induced in mice using oxazolone (OX) as the initiating hapten applied to the skin. After 7 days, CHS was elicited by application of OX to the ear and disease severity was measured by ear thickness and vascular permeability in the ear. The role of MPO in the two phases of CHS was determined utilizing MPO-deficient mice and a specific MPO inhibitor. Results During the CHS induction phase MPO-deficiency lead to a reduction in IL-1β production in the skin and a subsequent reduction in migratory dendritic cells (DC) and effector T cells in the draining lymph node. During the elicitation phase, inhibition of MPO significantly reduced both ear swelling and vascular permeability. Conclusion MPO plays dual roles in CHS pathogenesis. In the initiation phase MPO promotes IL-1β production in the skin and activation of migratory DC that promote effector T cell priming. In the elicitation phase MPO drives vascular permeability contributing to inflammation. These results indicate that MPO it could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ACD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Strzepa
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Cody J. Gurski
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Landon J. Dittel
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Marian Szczepanik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kirkwood A. Pritchard
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Bonnie N. Dittel
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States,Deparment of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States,*Correspondence: Bonnie N. Dittel,
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Optimization, fabrication, and characterization of four electrode-based sensors for blood impedance measurement. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:9. [PMID: 33449205 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an optimized, non-invasive four electrode-based impedimetric sensors have been designed, fabricated, and characterized for measuring the impedance of a biological cell. The impedimetric sensors having four mono-polar electrodes were fabricated utilizing the photolithography technique with gold as the electrode material. Furthermore, the impedance of the electrolyte/electrode interface was simulated by optimizing different parameters, including applied voltage, PBS thickness, and diameter, using COMSOL Multiphysics software for a frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz. Next, the impedance of the fabricated device was measured experimentally using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. Then, the COMSOL data was equated with the impedance obtained from the fabricated devices to realize the feasibility and error percentage (RSE < 5%) of the sensor. The equivalent circuit model for the measured impedance data of PBS was obtained utilizing the ZsimpWin software. Besides, the mathematical relations between the impedance, phase angle and the area of the electrode were interpreted for the fabricated impedimetric sensors. Later on, a real blood sample was also characterized to demonstrate the feasibility and the validity of the proposed technique and the fabricated devices in cell diagnosis.
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Fu J, Li L, Huo D, Zhi S, Yang R, Yang B, Xu B, Zhang T, Dai M, Tan C, Chen H, Wang X. Astrocyte-Derived TGFβ1 Facilitates Blood-Brain Barrier Function via Non-Canonical Hedgehog Signaling in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11010077. [PMID: 33430164 PMCID: PMC7826596 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is a specialized structure in mammals, separating the brain from the bloodstream and maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system. The barrier is composed of various types of cells, and the communication between these cells is critical to blood-brain barrier (BBB) function. Here, we demonstrate the astrocyte-derived TGFβ1-mediated intercellular communication between astrocytes and brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). By using an in vitro co-culture model, we observed that the astrocyte-derived TGFβ1 enhanced the tight junction protein ZO-1 expression in BMECs and the endothelial barrier function via a non-canonical hedgehog signaling. Gli2, the core transcriptional factor of the hedgehog pathway, was demonstrated to modulate ZO-1 expression directly. By the dual-luciferase reporter system and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we further identified the exact sites on Smad2/3 that bound to the gli2 promotor and on Gli2 that bound to the zo-1 promotor. Our work highlighted the TGFβ1-mediated intercellular communication of astrocytes with BMECs in BBB, which shall extend current knowledge on the BBB homeostasis physiologically, and more importantly suggests TGFβ1 as a potential effector for future prevention and amelioration of BBB dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuli Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruicheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bojie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Menghong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.F.); (L.L.); (D.H.); (S.Z.); (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (B.X.); (T.Z.); (M.D.); (C.T.); (H.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence:
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von Palubitzki L, Wang Y, Hoffmann S, Vidal-Y-Sy S, Zobiak B, Failla AV, Schmage P, John A, Osorio-Madrazo A, Bauer AT, Schneider SW, Goycoolea FM, Gorzelanny C. Differences of the tumour cell glycocalyx affect binding of capsaicin-loaded chitosan nanocapsules. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22443. [PMID: 33384430 PMCID: PMC7775450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycocalyx regulates the interaction of mammalian cells with extracellular molecules, such as cytokines. However, it is unknown to which extend the glycocalyx of distinct cancer cells control the binding and uptake of nanoparticles. In the present study, exome sequencing data of cancer patients and analysis of distinct melanoma and bladder cancer cell lines suggested differences in cancer cell-exposed glycocalyx components such as heparan sulphate. Our data indicate that glycocalyx differences affected the binding of cationic chitosan nanocapsules (Chi-NCs). The pronounced glycocalyx of bladder cancer cells enhanced the internalisation of nanoencapsulated capsaicin. Consequently, capsaicin induced apoptosis in the cancer cells, but not in the less glycosylated benign urothelial cells. Moreover, we measured counterion condensation on highly negatively charged heparan sulphate chains. Counterion condensation triggered a cooperative binding of Chi-NCs, characterised by a weak binding rate at low Chi-NC doses and a strongly increased binding rate at high Chi-NC concentrations. Our results indicate that the glycocalyx of tumour cells controls the binding and biological activity of nanoparticles. This has to be considered for the design of tumour cell directed nanocarriers to improve the delivery of cytotoxic drugs. Differential nanoparticle binding may also be useful to discriminate tumour cells from healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia von Palubitzki
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Research Campus, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Research Campus, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Hoffmann
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7-8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Sabine Vidal-Y-Sy
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Research Campus, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Zobiak
- Microscopy Imaging Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Research Campus, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonio V Failla
- Microscopy Imaging Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Research Campus, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra Schmage
- Clinic of Periodontology, Preventive and Operative Dentistry, Center of Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Axel John
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anayancy Osorio-Madrazo
- Institute of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander T Bauer
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Research Campus, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan W Schneider
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Research Campus, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francisco M Goycoolea
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Christian Gorzelanny
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Research Campus, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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50
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Santaterra VAG, Fiusa MML, Hounkpe BW, Chenou F, Tonasse WV, da Costa LNG, Garcia-Weber D, Domingos IDF, de Lima F, Borba-Junior IT, Araújo ADS, Lucena-Araújo AR, Bezerra MAC, Dos Santos MNN, Costa FF, Millán J, De Paula EV. Endothelial Barrier Integrity Is Disrupted In Vitro by Heme and by Serum From Sickle Cell Disease Patients. Front Immunol 2020; 11:535147. [PMID: 33381108 PMCID: PMC7767881 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.535147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Free extracellular heme has been shown to activate several compartments of innate immunity, acting as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) in hemolytic diseases. Although localized endothelial barrier (EB) disruption is an important part of inflammation that allows circulating leukocytes to reach inflamed tissues, non-localized/deregulated disruption of the EB can lead to widespread microvascular hyperpermeability and secondary tissue damage. In mouse models of sickle cell disease (SCD), EB disruption has been associated with the development of a form of acute lung injury that closely resembles acute chest syndrome (ACS), and that can be elicited by acute heme infusion. Here we explored the effect of heme on EB integrity using human endothelial cell monolayers, in experimental conditions that include elements that more closely resemble in vivo conditions. EB integrity was assessed by electric cell-substrate impedance sensing in the presence of varying concentrations of heme and sera from SCD patients or healthy volunteers. Heme caused a dose-dependent decrease of the electrical resistance of cell monolayers, consistent with EB disruption, which was confirmed by staining of junction protein VE-cadherin. In addition, sera from SCD patients, but not from healthy volunteers, were also capable to induce EB disruption. Interestingly, these effects were not associated with total heme levels in serum. However, when heme was added to sera from SCD patients, but not from healthy volunteers, EB disruption could be elicited, and this effect was associated with hemopexin serum levels. Together our in vitro studies provide additional support to the concept of heme as a DAMP in hemolytic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francine Chenou
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Loredana Nilkenes Gomes da Costa
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Biomedicine, Federal University of Piaui, Parnaiba, Brazil
| | - Diego Garcia-Weber
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Igor de Farias Domingos
- Genetics Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Franciele de Lima
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Aderson da Silva Araújo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Hemotherapy Foundation of Pernambuco (HEMOPE), Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Ferreira Costa
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jaime Millán
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erich Vinicius De Paula
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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