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Adepoju FO, Selezneva IS. Production and Evaluation of Set-Type Yoghurt Fortified with Chlorella vulgaris and Moringa oleifera Powder. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:531-538. [PMID: 38775982 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Considering the growing popularity of functional foods, fortifying yoghurt with natural ingredients with various flavours and appearances could improve its nutritional and health potential. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of Chlorella vulgaris (0.3 and 0.5%) and Moringa oleifera (0.3 and 0.5%) on the fermentation kinetics, apparent viscosity, antioxidant activity, microbiological, sensorial, and FTIR properties of yoghurt during storage. The results demonstrated that the incorporation of Chlorella vulgaris and Moringa oleifera into yoghurt increased acidification rate and decreased fermentation time (p < 0.05). Moringa oleifera (0.5%) improved the growth and survival of lactic acid bacteria as well as the phenolic and antioxidant properties of yoghurt. However, Chlorella vulgaris, at a concentration of 0.5% reduced the viability of lactic acid bacteria, viscosity, total phenolic, and antioxidant properties of yoghurt. In conclusion, it was found that Chlorella vulgaris, at 0.3%, and Moringa oleifera improved the phenolic, antioxidant properties, and acidification rate of yoghurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feyisayo O Adepoju
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Ural Federal University, B. N. Yeltsin, Mira Street 28, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia.
| | - Irina S Selezneva
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Ural Federal University, B. N. Yeltsin, Mira Street 28, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
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Wang X, Yang C, Zhang X, Ye C, Liu W, Wang C. Marine natural products: potential agents for depression treatment. Acta Biochim Pol 2024; 71:12569. [PMID: 38812493 PMCID: PMC11135343 DOI: 10.3389/abp.2024.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder. Due to the disadvantages of current clinical drugs, including poor efficacy and unnecessary side effects, research has shifted to novel natural products with minimal or no adverse effects as therapeutic alternatives. The ocean is a vast ecological home, with a wide variety of organisms that can produce a large number of natural products with unique structures, some of which have neuroprotective effects and are a valuable source for the development of new drugs for depression. In this review, we analyzed preclinical and clinical studies of natural products derived from marine organisms with antidepressant potential, including the effects on the pathophysiology of depression, and the underlying mechanisms of these effects. It is expected to provide a reference for the development of new antidepressant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chengmin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Longgang Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
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Abdelrahman AM, Mohammed AA, Badawy MMM, El Bassuony WI. Orange peels and Chlorella vulgaris supplementation ameliorate gamma radiation-induced oxidative stress by regulating TGF-β and NOX2/NOX4 signaling pathways. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1263-1274. [PMID: 37756035 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies revealed that Chlorella vulgaris and orange peels are potential sources for many valuable compounds such as flavonoids, which are natural polyphenols with antioxidant capacities that lessen oxidative stress via suppressing ROS levels. Thus, this study was designed to investigate their radioprotective efficiency either alone or in combination as natural food supplements. Sixty-four male Albino rats were divided into eight groups (n = 8) as follows: control, orange peel (10% in diet), C. vulgaris (1% in diet), orange peel + C. vulgaris, gamma irradiated (2Gy twice per week up to 8Gy), orange peel + gamma irradiation, C. vulgaris + gamma irradiation, and orange peel + C. vulgaris + gamma irradiation. After the experiment, blood serums were collected for biochemical analysis, whole bloods were collected for blood picture, bone marrows were collected for GSH, MDA, TGF-β, NOX2 and NOX4, and liver tissues were collected for histopathological evaluation. Current study revealed that exposure to gamma irradiation induced a significant disturbance in liver function markers (ALT and AST), kidney function markers (urea and creatinine), cholesterol and triglycerides levels in serum. In addition, a significant decrease in WBCs, RBCs, PLT, and Hb in blood of irradiated rats. Moreover, a significant elevation in TGF-β, NOX2, NOX4 activities, and MDA level, while showed a marked decrease in GSH concentration. Furthermore, hepatic inflammation appeared in the histopathological examination. Orange peels or C. vulgaris treatments showed acceptable amelioration in all measured parameters, combination between orange peels and C. vulgaris showed statistically significant additive amelioration in radiation induced disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abour M Abdelrahman
- Home Economic Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Mohammed
- Department of Medical and Radiological Research, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Monda M M Badawy
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa I El Bassuony
- Medical and Radiological Department, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Velankanni P, Go SH, Jin JB, Park JS, Park S, Lee SB, Kwon HK, Pan CH, Cha KH, Lee CG. Chlorella vulgaris Modulates Gut Microbiota and Induces Regulatory T Cells to Alleviate Colitis in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3293. [PMID: 37571230 PMCID: PMC10421373 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) is unicellular green algae consumed worldwide as a functional food. The immune stimulatory function of C. vulgaris is known; however, no study has elucidated its immune regulatory potential and associated microbiome modulation. In the current study, we aimed to validate the immune regulatory role of C. vulgaris mediated through two mechanisms. Initially, we assessed its ability to promote the expansion of the regulatory T cell (Treg) population. Subsequently, we investigated its impact on gut microbiota composition and associated metabolites. The supplementation of C. vulgaris altered the gut microbiota composition, accompanied by increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) production in mice at homeostasis. We later used C. vulgaris in the treatment of a DSS-induced colitis model. C. vulgaris intervention alleviated the pathological symptom of colitis in mice, with a corresponding increase in Treg levels. As C. vulgaris is a safe and widely used food supplement, it can be a feasible strategy to instigate cross-talk between the host immune system and the intestinal flora for the effective management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Velankanni
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (P.V.); (J.B.J.); (J.-S.P.); (S.P.)
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Go
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong Beom Jin
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (P.V.); (J.B.J.); (J.-S.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Jin-Soo Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (P.V.); (J.B.J.); (J.-S.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Sunhee Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (P.V.); (J.B.J.); (J.-S.P.); (S.P.)
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Bin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (H.-K.K.)
| | - Ho-Keun Kwon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (H.-K.K.)
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (P.V.); (J.B.J.); (J.-S.P.); (S.P.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Cha
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (P.V.); (J.B.J.); (J.-S.P.); (S.P.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Gu Lee
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (P.V.); (J.B.J.); (J.-S.P.); (S.P.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
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Effect of Antioxidants in the Treatment of COPD Patients: Scoping Review. J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021:7463391. [PMID: 34868678 PMCID: PMC8635900 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7463391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, treatable lung disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation and multiorgan impact. This affects the nutritional status of patients and requires multidimensional interventions including nutritional interventions according to individual metabolic needs. Our scoping review determined the effects of antioxidants in the treatment of COPD patients and their role in the decrease in the probability of exacerbations, hospital readmissions, and changes in lung function. The sources MEDLINE, LILACS, and Google Scholar were consulted and 19 studies were selected. The most indicated antioxidants are N-Acetylcysteine, vitamins E and D, and Zinc. Other antioxidants from plants or fruits extracts are also being investigated. The beneficial effect of antioxidants in stable or exacerbated patients is not clear, but theoretical and biological arguments of benefit justify lines of research that specify the impact on reducing oxidative stress and negative effects in COPD.
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Furulund E, Bemanian M, Berggren N, Madebo T, Rivedal SH, Lid TG, Fadnes LT. Effects of Nutritional Interventions in Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:3145-3156. [PMID: 34819725 PMCID: PMC8607124 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s323736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of nutrition and dietary patterns has been widely investigated in cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, but there are limited data on nutritional impact on COPD. This systematic review (PROSPERO-reg. no: CRD42020172712) aimed to investigate the effect of nutritional interventions on pulmonary and physical function, inflammation, and health-related quality of life among individuals with COPD. Methods Systematic searches were conducted in Medline, Embase, and Cochrane, resulting in 3861 references. Studies focusing exclusively on inpatient-stays, underweight or obese patients were excluded. Double screening, extraction and bias assessment were conducted. Bias was assessed according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials. Thirteen randomized controlled trials with 916 participants were included. Results These trials investigated effects of protein supplementation, beetroot juice, increased fruit and vegetable intake, black seed oil, Tualang honey, Chlorella vulgaris-extract, whey-peptide containing nutritional drink, and increased macronutrient intake. The durations of the interventions were from weeks to a few months, and only one with duration >1 year (investigating increased fruit/vegetable intake). The intervention increasing fruit/vegetables found improvement in pulmonary function tests. Some interventions observed effects on systemic inflammation, health-related quality of life and physical function, although with some mixed results. Five were classified as poor, five as fair, and three as good in terms of risk of bias and quality. Conclusion Increasing intake of fruits and vegetables over prolonged periods might have positive effects on lung function in individuals with COPD. Some nutritional interventions also observed effects on systemic inflammation, health-related quality of life, and physical function, although with some mixed results. Many of the trials were underpowered, had high dropout rates, or had a high risk of bias. Further research should investigate effect of prolonged dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar Furulund
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mitra Bemanian
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nina Berggren
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tesfaye Madebo
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sara Hydle Rivedal
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Torgeir Gilje Lid
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Lars Thore Fadnes
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Eissa MM, Ahmed MM, Abd Eldaim MA, Mousa AA, Elkirdasy AF, Mohamed MA, Orabi SH. Chlorella vulgaris ameliorates sodium nitrite-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:9731-9741. [PMID: 33151487 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current was conducted to evaluate the ameliorating effect of Chlorella vulgaris (CV) extract against sodium nitrite-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Forty-five rats were allocated randomly into 5 groups (n = 9). Group I (GI), control group: orally gavaged with normal saline daily. Group II (GII): orally gavaged with CV extract (70 mg/kg BW) for 3 months. Group III (GIII): orally gavaged with sodium nitrite (80 mg/kg BW) for 3 months. Group IV (GIV): received sodium nitrite as GIII and CV extract as GII simultaneously for 3 months. Group V (GV): received CV extract as GII and then, sodium nitrite as in GIII from the end of first month until the end of the experiment. Sodium nitrite significantly increased the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and serum concentrations of tumor interleukin 1-β and necrosis factor α. In addition, it increased concentrations of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide and expression level of caspase-3 in the hepatic tissue. However, it decreased activities of hepatic glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and induced degenerative and necrotic changes in hepatic tissues. In contrast, CV extract administration modulated sodium nitrite-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and alteration in hepatic tissue function and architecture. This study indicated that CV extract modulated sodium nitrite-induced hepatic toxicity through decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities in hepatic tissue of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Eissa
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt.
| | - Mabrouk A Abd Eldaim
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben Elkom, 32511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Mousa
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Elkirdasy
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Mohamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben Elkom, Egypt
| | - Sahar H Orabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
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Barboríková J, Šutovská M, Kazimierová I, Jošková M, Fraňová S, Kopecký J, Capek P. Extracellular polysaccharide produced by Chlorella vulgaris - Chemical characterization and anti-asthmatic profile. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 135:1-11. [PMID: 31121228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are the lowest plant organisms producing a wide range of metabolites that make them interesting organisms for industrial applications. Cultivation of green microalgal species Chlorella vulgaris resulted a significant production of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS). Preliminary chemico-spectroscopic studies on EPS revealed its molecular profile, a complex primary structure consisting of six monosaccharide units occurring in both furano and pyrano forms, a high sugar binding variability and the presence of partially methylated derivatives of some sugar constituents. Biological activity tests showed that EPS caused significant bronchodilatory, anti-inflammatory and antitussive effects in test animals. Chlorella EPS appears to be a promising agent for the prevention of chronic airway inflammation, which is the basic pathogenic mechanism of many respiratory diseases, including bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Barboríková
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; Biomedical Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martina Šutovská
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; Biomedical Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Kazimierová
- Biomedical Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marta Jošková
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; Biomedical Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Soňa Fraňová
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; Biomedical Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jiří Kopecký
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Treboň, Czechia
| | - Peter Capek
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84538 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Fallah AA, Sarmast E, Habibian Dehkordi S, Engardeh J, Mahmoodnia L, Khaledifar A, Jafari T. Effect of Chlorella supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:1892-1901. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Cheng D, Wan Z, Zhang X, Li J, Li H, Wang C. Dietary Chlorella vulgaris Ameliorates Altered Immunomodulatory Functions in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressive Mice. Nutrients 2017; 9:E708. [PMID: 28684674 PMCID: PMC5537823 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the well-known toxicity of cyclophosphamide (CYP) on the immune system, this research investigated the modulating effects of the long-term dietary Chlorella vulgaris (CV) supplementation on the immunosuppression induced by CYP in mice, in order to provide a novel dietary design to mitigate the side effects of CYP therapy. Control, CYP-treated, CYP + CV (6%), CYP + CV (12%) and CYP + CV (24%) were used for 6 weeks, CV supplement in diet recovered the significantly reduced immunological function in CYP treated mice. As CV may have a modulating function through the inducible expression of cytokines, we assayed the expressions of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Our results suggested that CYP significantly reduced the lymphocytes proliferation and phagocytic activities of macrophages, and stimulated the production of IL-2, IL-12, TNF-α and IFN-γ and that this impairment has been successfully adjusted by CV supplementation. Treatment with the algae also enhanced the natural killer (NK) cells cytotoxicity, and ameliorate histological changes of the spleen in CYP-treated mice. Therefore, as we found in this study, a diet supplemented with whole CV has beneficial effects on CVP-induced immunosuppression, through its immunomodulatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Sanitation, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Zhaodong Wan
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Sanitation, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Sanitation, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - He Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Chunling Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Sanitation, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Hidalgo-Lucas S, Rozan P, Guérin-Deremaux L, Baert B, Violle N, Saniez-Degrave MH, Bisson JF. Benefits of Preventive Administration of Chlorella sp. on Visceral Pain and Cystitis Induced by a Single Administration of Cyclophosphamide in Female Wistar Rat. J Med Food 2017; 19:450-6. [PMID: 27152976 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorella sp. is a green microalgae containing nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and chlorophyll. In some communities, Chlorella sp. is a traditional medicinal plant used for the management of inflammation-related diseases. In a rat model, ROQUETTE Chlorella sp. (RCs) benefits were investigated on visceral pain and associated inflammatory parameters related to cystitis both induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP). RCs was orally administered every day from day 1-16 (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight). Six hours after an intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg body weight of CYP, body temperature, general behavior, food intake, and body weight were recorded. Twenty-four hours after CYP injection, rats were tested in two behavioral tests, an open field and the aversive light stimulus avoidance conditioning test, to evaluate the influence of pain on general activity and learning ability of rats. After euthanasia, bladders were weighed, their thickness was scored, and the urinary hemoglobin was measured. RCs orally administered at the two dosages significantly reduced visceral pain and associated inflammatory parameters related to cystitis both induced by CYP injection, and improved rat behavior. To conclude, RCs demonstrated beneficial effects against visceral pain and cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascale Rozan
- 1 ETAP-Lab, Parc Technologique de Nancy-Brabois , Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Nicolas Violle
- 1 ETAP-Lab, Parc Technologique de Nancy-Brabois , Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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A randomized controlled trial of 6-week Chlorella vulgaris supplementation in patients with major depressive disorder. Complement Ther Med 2015; 23:598-602. [PMID: 26275653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread psychiatric disorder with incapacitating symptoms. Oxidative stress has been identified to play a role in the pathophysiology of MDD. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of a chemically defined and antioxidant-rich Chlorella vulgaris extract (CVE) as adjunct to standard treatment in patients suffering from MDD. METHODS Subjects with MDD diagnosis according to DSM-IV criteria who were receiving standard antidepressant therapy were assigned to add-on therapy with CVE (1800 mg/day; n=42), or continued standard antidepressant therapy alone (n=50) for a period of 6 weeks. Changes in the frequency of depressive symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) scale. RESULTS There were significant reductions in total and subscale BDI-II and HADS scores in both CVE and control groups by the end of trial. The magnitude of reductions in total BDI-II score [-4.14 (-5.30 to -2.97)] as well as physical [-2.34 (-2.84 to -1.84)] and cognitive [-1.12 (-1.62 to -0.61)] subscales were significantly greater in the CVE versus control group, however, reduction of the affective symptoms was greater in the control compared with the CVE group [0.95 (0.18-0.72)]. Total HADS [-3.71 (-4.44 to -2.98)] as well as individual subscales of depression [-1.46 (-2.02 to -0.90)] and anxiety [-2.25 (-2.74 to -1.76)] were reduced to a greater degree in the CVE group. CVE was well tolerated and no serious adverse event was reported. CONCLUSION This pilot exploratory trial provides the first clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of adjunctive therapy with CVE in improving physical and cognitive symptoms of depression as well as anxiety symptoms in patients who are receiving standard antidepressant therapy.
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Wilkinson M, Hart A, Milan SJ, Sugumar K. Vitamins C and E for asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 2014:CD010749. [PMID: 24936673 PMCID: PMC6513032 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010749.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between dietary antioxidants and asthma or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is not fully understood. Vitamin C and vitamin E are natural antioxidants that are predominantly present in fruits and vegetables; inadequate vitamin E intake is associated with airway inflammation. It has been postulated that the combination may be more beneficial than either single antioxidant for people with asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of supplementation of vitamins C and E versus placebo (or no vitamin C and E supplementation) on exacerbations and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in adults and children with chronic asthma. To also examine the potential effects of vitamins C and E on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in people with asthma and in people without a diagnosis of asthma who experience symptoms only on exercise. SEARCH METHODS Trials were identified from the Cochrane Airways Review Group Specialised Register and from trial registry websites. Searches were conducted in September 2013. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials of adults and children with a diagnosis of asthma. We separately considered trials in which participants had received a diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (or exercise-induced asthma). Trials comparing vitamin C and E supplementation versus placebo were included. We included trials in which asthma management for treatment and control groups included similar background therapy. Short-term use of vitamins C and E at the time of exacerbation or for cold symptoms in people with asthma is outside the scope of this review. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened the titles and abstracts of potential studies and subsequently screened full-text study reports for inclusion. We used standard methods as expected by The Cochrane Collaboration. MAIN RESULTS It was not possible to aggregate the five included studies (214 participants). Four studies (206 participants) addressed the question of whether differences in outcomes were seen when vitamin C and E supplementation versus placebo was provided for participants with asthma, and only one of those studies (160 children) included a paediatric population; the remaining three studies included a combined total of just 46 adults. An additional study considered the question of whether differences in outcomes were noted when vitamin C and E supplementation was compared with placebo for exercise-induced asthma; this trial included only eight participants. The randomisation process of the trials were unclear leading us to downgrade the quality of the evidence. Four of the studies were double blind while the other study was single blind.None of these studies provided data on our two prespecified primary outcome measures: exacerbations and HRQL. Lung function data obtained from the studies were inconclusive. The only studies that provided any suggestion of an effect, and only with some outcomes, were the paediatric study, especially for children with moderate to severe asthma, and the small study on exercise-induced asthma. Even so, this evidence was judged to be at moderate/low quality. Only one study contributed data on asthma symptoms and adverse events, reporting no evidence of an effect of the intervention for symptoms and that one participant in the treatment group dropped out due to cystitis. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS It is not possible to draw firm conclusions from this review with respect to the comparison of vitamin C and E supplementation versus placebo in the management of asthma or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. We found only one study relevant to exercise-induced bronchoconstriction; most included participants came from studies designed to assess the effect of vitamin supplementation on the impact of atmospheric pollutants (such as ozone). Evidence is lacking on the comparison of vitamin C and E supplementation versus placebo for asthma with respect to outcomes such as HRQL and exacerbations, which were not addressed by any of the included studies.When compared with lung function tests alone, HRQL scores and exacerbation frequency are better indicators of the severity of asthma, its impact on daily activities and its response to treatment in a patient population. These end points are well recognised in good quality studies of asthma management. However, clinical studies of vitamins C and E in the management of asthma using these important end points of exacerbations and effects on quality of life are not available, and evidence is insufficient to support robust conclusions on the role of vitamin C and E supplementation in asthma and exercise-induced breathlessness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Wilkinson
- University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation TrustLancasterUK
| | - Anna Hart
- Lancaster UniversityLancaster Medical School, Clinical Research HubLancasterLancashireUKLA1 4TB
| | | | - Karnam Sugumar
- Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustDepartment of PaediatricsPrestonUKPR2 9HT
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The influence of chlorella and its hot water extract supplementation on quality of life in patients with breast cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:704619. [PMID: 24799942 PMCID: PMC3988967 DOI: 10.1155/2014/704619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A self-control, randomized, and open-label clinical trial was performed to test the effects of the unicellular green algae Chlorella and hot water extract supplementation on quality of life (QOL) in patients with breast cancer. Forty-five female patients with breast cancer who were living at home and not hospitalized were randomly assigned to 3 groups receiving vitamin mix tablet (control), Chlorella granules (test food-1), or Chlorella extract drink (test food-2) daily for one month. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B), the Izumo scale for abdominal symptom-specific QOL, and a narrative-form questionnaire were used to determine outcomes. Data of thirty-six subjects were included for final analysis. FACT-B scores at presupplementation found no significant group differences in all subscales. Scores on the breast cancer subscale in the Chlorella granule group significantly increased during the supplementation period (P = 0.042). Fifty percent of the Chlorella extract group reported positive effects by the test food such as reduction of fatigue and improvements of dry skin (P < 0.01 versus control group). The findings suggested the beneficial effects of Chlorella on breast cancer-related QOL and of Chlorella extract on vitality status in breast cancer patients. These findings need to be confirmed in a larger study.
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Vecina JF, Oliveira AG, Araujo TG, Baggio SR, Torello CO, Saad MJA, Queiroz MLDS. Chlorella modulates insulin signaling pathway and prevents high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice. Life Sci 2014; 95:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Hong SH, Kwon JT, Shin JY, Kim JE, Minai-Tehrani A, Yu KN, Lee S, Park SJ, Chang SH, Jiang HL, Vibin M, Han K, Son KH, Kwak WJ, Chae C, Bang SH, Cho MH. Therapeutic Effect of Broussonetia papyrifera and Lonicera japonica in Ovalbumin-induced Murine Asthma Model. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300801127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. and Lonicera japonica Thunb. have been used in recent medicinal research for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of B. papyrifera and L. japonica ethanolic extracts in a murine model of ovalbumin-induced asthma, in which intra-peritoneal (IP) injections and aerosol ovalbumin delivery were used to induce allergic asthma. Bronchioalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum samples, lungs and livers were collected from the experimental groups. In the groups treated with B. papyrifera and L. japonica extracts, CD3, CD4, serum IgE and IL-4 levels; activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9; and eotaxin levels in the BALF significantly decreased to near normal levels. Results of a histopathological analysis showed that the level of inflammation and mucous secretions reduced in the treated groups compared to the corresponding levels in the other groups. Moreover, results of a serum enzymatic analysis showed the non-toxic nature of the extracts in the B. papyrifera and L. japonica treated groups. Taken together, these results clearly indicate that the B. papyrifera and L. japonica extracts may be very effective against asthma and inflammation related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ho Hong
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
| | - Jung-Taek Kwon
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404–708, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Shin
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443–270, Korea
| | - Arash Minai-Tehrani
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
| | - Kyeong-Nam Yu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
| | - Somin Lee
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
- Graduate Group of Tumor Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Park
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Chang
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - M Vibin
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
| | - Kiwon Han
- Laboratory of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760–749, Korea
| | - Wie-Jong Kwak
- Pharmaking, 826, Sinhung-dong, Sujeong-gu, Sungnam-city 461–160, Korea
| | - Chanhee Chae
- Laboratory of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Bang
- Pharmaking, 826, Sinhung-dong, Sujeong-gu, Sungnam-city 461–160, Korea
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–921, Korea
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443–270, Korea
- Graduate Group of Tumor Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443–270, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary antioxidants, such as vitamin C, in the epithelial lining and lining fluids of the lung may be beneficial in the reduction of oxidative damage (Arab 2002). They may therefore be of benefit in reducing symptoms of inflammatory airway conditions such as asthma, and may also be beneficial in reducing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, which is a well-recognised feature of asthma and is considered a marker of airways inflammation. However, the association between dietary antioxidants and asthma severity or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of vitamin C supplementation on exacerbations and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in adults and children with asthma or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction compared to placebo or no vitamin C. SEARCH METHODS We identified trials from the Cochrane Airways Group's Specialised Register (CAGR). The Register contains trial reports identified through systematic searches of a number of bibliographic databases, and handsearching of journals and meeting abstracts. We also searched trial registry websites. The searches were conducted in December 2012. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We included both adults and children with a diagnosis of asthma. In separate analyses we considered trials with a diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (or exercise-induced asthma). We included trials comparing vitamin C supplementation with placebo, or vitamin C supplementation with no supplementation. We included trials where the asthma management of both treatment and control groups provided similar background therapy. The primary focus of the review is on daily vitamin C supplementation to prevent exacerbations and improve HRQL. The short-term use of vitamin C at the time of exacerbations or for cold symptoms in people with asthma are outside the scope of this review. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened the titles and abstracts of potential studies, and subsequently screened full text study reports for inclusion. We used standard methods expected by The Cochrane Collaboration. MAIN RESULTS A total of 11 trials with 419 participants met our inclusion criteria. In 10 studies the participants were adults and only one was in children. Reporting of study design was inadequate to determine risk of bias for most of the studies and poor availability of data for our key outcomes may indicate some selective outcome reporting. Four studies were parallel-group and the remainder were cross-over studies. Eight studies included people with asthma and three studies included 40 participants with exercise-induced asthma. Five studies reported results using single-dose regimes prior to bronchial challenges or exercise tests. There was marked heterogeneity in vitamin C dosage regimes used in the selected studies, compounding the difficulties in carrying out meaningful analyses.One study on 201 adults with asthma reported no significant difference in our primary outcome, health-related quality of life (HRQL), and overall the quality of this evidence was low. There were no data available to evaluate the effects of vitamin C supplementation on our other primary outcome, exacerbations in adults. One small study reported data on asthma exacerbations in children and there were no exacerbations in either the vitamin C or placebo groups (very low quality evidence). In another study conducted in 41 adults, exacerbations were not defined according to our criteria and the data were not available in a format suitable for evaluation by our methods. Lung function and symptoms data were contributed by single studies. We rated the quality of this evidence as moderate, but further research is required to assess any clinical implications that may be related to the changes in these parameters. In each of these outcomes there was no significant difference between vitamin C and placebo. No adverse events at all were reported; again this is very low quality evidence.Studies in exercise-induced bronchoconstriction suggested some improvement in lung function measures with vitamin C supplementation, but theses studies were few and very small, with limited data and we judged the quality of the evidence to be low. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Currently, evidence is not available to provide a robust assessment on the use of vitamin C in the management of asthma or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimates of effect and is likely to change the estimates. There is no indication currently that vitamin C can be recommended as a therapeutic agent in asthma. There was some indication that vitamin C was helpful in exercise-induced breathlessness in terms of lung function and symptoms; however, as these findings were provided only by small studies they are inconclusive. Most published studies to date are too small and inconsistent to provide guidance. Well-designed trials with good quality clinical endpoints, such as exacerbation rates and health-related quality of life scores, are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Hart
- Lancaster UniversityLancaster Medical School, Clinical Research HubLancasterUKLA1 4TB
| | - Mark Wilkinson
- University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation TrustLancasterUK
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