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Liu T, Li Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Gai X, Chen L, Liu L, Yang L, Wang B. Network pharmacology-based exploration identified the antiviral efficacy of Quercetin isolated from mulberry leaves against enterovirus 71 via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1260288. [PMID: 37795035 PMCID: PMC10546324 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1260288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mulberry leaf (ML) is known for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, historically documented in "Shen Nong's Materia Medica". This study aimed to investigate the effects of ML on enterovirus 71 (EV71) using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments. Methods: We successfully pinpointed shared targets between mulberry leaves (ML) and the EV71 virus by leveraging online databases. Our investigation delved into the interaction among these identified targets, leading to the identification of pivotal components within ML that possess potent anti-EV71 properties. The ability of these components to bind to the targets was verified by molecular docking. Moreover, bioinformatics predictions were used to identify the signaling pathways involved. Finally, the mechanism behind its anti-EV71 action was confirmed through in vitro experiments. Results: Our investigation uncovered 25 active components in ML that targeted 231 specific genes. Of these genes, 29 correlated with the targets of EV71. Quercetin, a major ingredient in ML, was associated with 25 of these genes. According to the molecular docking results, Quercetin has a high binding affinity to the targets of ML and EV71. According to the KEGG pathway analysis, the antiviral effect of Quercetin against EV71 was found to be closely related to the NF-κB signaling pathway. The results of immunofluorescence and Western blotting showed that Quercetin significantly reduced the expression levels of VP1, TNF-α, and IL-1β in EV71-infected human rhabdomyosarcoma cells. The phosphorylation level of NF-κB p65 was reduced, and the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway was suppressed by Quercetin. Furthermore, our results showed that Quercetin downregulated the expression of JNK, ERK, and p38 and their phosphorylation levels due to EV71 infection. Conclusion: With these findings in mind, we can conclude that inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway is a critical mechanism through which Quercetin exerts its anti-EV71 effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrun Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yingyu Li
- School of Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Lumeng Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | | | - Yuxuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Xuejie Gai
- The Affiliated First Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Limin Yang
- School of Medicine, Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Baixin Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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2
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Zheleznichenko T, Voronkova M, Asbaganov S, Kukushkina T, Filippova E, Protsenko M, Mazurkova N, Novikova T. Impact of different Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains on secondary metabolites accumulation in Nitraria schoberi L. hairy roots and antiviral activity of their extracts against influenza virus of subtypes A (H5N1) and A (H3N2). IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY. PLANT : JOURNAL OF THE TISSUE CULTURE ASSOCIATION 2023; 59:1-15. [PMID: 37363438 PMCID: PMC10101541 DOI: 10.1007/s11627-023-10343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
To optimize protocol for obtaining hairy roots of Nitraria schoberi L. with high antiviral activities, factors such as four strain types of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (A4, ATCC15834, R-1601, 8196), two explant types, namely cotyledonous and primary leaves of seedlings, and different cultivation durations (30 and 90 d) were studied. The formation of hairy roots was observed after 2 to 4 wk of incubation, depending on the type of explant and the strain of A. rhizogenes used. The maximum transformation frequency (85.7%) was observed in the cotyledons genetically modified with the strain ATCC15834. The transgenic nature of hairy roots was revealed by PCR with primers to the Agrobacterium oncogenes rolB and rolC. The absence of contamination of the culture by A. rhizogenes was confirmed by primers to the virC and virD1 genes. Phytochemical analysis showed that accumulation of individual metabolites in the line samples exceeded their levels in the native Nitraria roots. Catechin content in the cultures of long-term cultivation (90 d) was found 1.4 to 2.2 times higher than the same samples of short cultivation (30 d) and 4.8 to 10.8 times higher in comparison with the native roots. The most productive in terms of catechin level were hairy roots of long-term cultivation obtained during the transformation of primary leaves of N. schoberi seedlings with ATCC15834 strain. These data were consistent with the highest antiviral activities against influenza viruses of A (H5N1) and A (H3N2) subtypes with neutralization indexes 6.5 to 6.75 log10, and selectivity index values were in the range 15.4 to 16.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Zheleznichenko
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zolotodolinskaya, 101, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Mariya Voronkova
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zolotodolinskaya, 101, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Asbaganov
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zolotodolinskaya, 101, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Kukushkina
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zolotodolinskaya, 101, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Filippova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “VECTOR” 630559, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russian Federation
| | - Mariya Protsenko
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “VECTOR” 630559, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russian Federation
| | - Natalya Mazurkova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “VECTOR” 630559, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Novikova
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zolotodolinskaya, 101, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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3
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Cho WK, Lee MM, Ma JY. Antiviral Effect of Isoquercitrin against Influenza A Viral Infection via Modulating Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13112. [PMID: 36361900 PMCID: PMC9653704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoquercitrin (IQC) is a component abundantly present in many plants and is known to have an anti-viral effect against various viruses. In this study, we demonstrate that IQC exhibits strong anti-influenza A virus infection, and its effect is closely related to the suppression of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) activities. We used green fluorescent protein-tagged Influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), and HBPV-VR-32 (H3N2) to evaluate the anti-IAV effect of IQC. The fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis showed that IQC significantly decreases the levels of GFP expressed by IAV infection, dose-dependently. Consistent with that, IQC inhibited cytopathic effects by H1N1 or H3N2 IAV infection. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that IQC represses the IAV protein expression. Time-of-addition assay showed that IQC inhibits viral attachment and entry and exerts a strong virucidal effect during IAV infection. Hemagglutination assay confirmed that IQC affects IAV HA. Further, IQC potently reduced the NA activities of H1N1 and H3N2 IAV. Collectively, IQC prevents IAV infection at multi-stages via virucidal effects, inhibiting attachment, entry and viral release. Our results indicate that IQC could be developed as a potent antiviral drug to protect against influenza viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Kyung Cho
- Correspondence: (W.-K.C.); (J.Y.M.); Tel.: +82-53-940-3870 (W.-K.C.); +82-53-940-3812 (J.Y.M.)
| | | | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Correspondence: (W.-K.C.); (J.Y.M.); Tel.: +82-53-940-3870 (W.-K.C.); +82-53-940-3812 (J.Y.M.)
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4
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Cho WK, Yim NH, Lee MM, Han CH, Ma JY. Broccoli Leaves Attenuate Influenza A Virus Infection by Interfering With Hemagglutinin and Inhibiting Viral Attachment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:899181. [PMID: 35847047 PMCID: PMC9280179 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.899181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica) leaves are a byproduct of broccoli and could be used as a food source. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of broccoli leaves on influenza A virus (IAV) infection. We investigated the effect of ethanol extract of Broccoli leaves (EBL) on IAV infection using green fluorescent protein (GFP)–tagged Influenza A/PR/8/34 virus (PR8-GFP IAV). When EBL and PR8-GFP IAV were cotreated to RAW 264.7 cells, the fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis showed that EBL significantly reduced the levels of GFP expression by influenza viral infection dose-dependently. Immunofluorescence (IF) analysis confirmed that EBL decreased the expression of IAV proteins. EBL exhibited a strong inhibitory effect of IAV binding on the cells and moderate virucidal impact. Consistently, EBL potently suppressed the hemagglutination by IAV infection. These results indicate that EBL prevents IAV attachment via the inhibition of HA upon viral infection. Finally, EBL as an HA inhibitor of IAV could be used as the natural antiviral source to protect against influenza viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Kyung Cho
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Won-Kyung Cho, ; Jin Yeul Ma,
| | - Nam-Hui Yim
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Myong-Min Lee
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Won-Kyung Cho, ; Jin Yeul Ma,
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5
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Tan Y, Yang J, Jiang Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Jin B, Wang X, Chen T, Kang L, Guo J, Cui G, Tang J, Huang L. Functional Characterization of UDP-Glycosyltransferases Involved in Anti-viral Lignan Glycosides Biosynthesis in Isatis indigotica. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:921815. [PMID: 35774804 PMCID: PMC9237620 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.921815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Isatis indigotica is a popular herbal medicine with its noticeable antiviral properties, which are primarily due to its lignan glycosides such as lariciresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside and lariciresinol-4,4'-bis-O-β-D-glucosides (also called clemastanin B). UDP-glucose-dependent glycosyltransferases are the key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these antiviral metabolites. In this study, we systematically characterized the UGT72 family gene IiUGT1 and two UGT71B family genes, IiUGT4 and IiUGT71B5a, with similar enzymatic functions. Kinetic analysis showed that IiUGT4 was more efficient than IiUGT1 or IiUGT71B5a for the glycosylation of lariciresinol. Further knock-down and overexpression of these IiUGTs in I. indigotica's hairy roots indicates that they play different roles in planta: IiUGT71B5a primarily participates in the biosynthesis of coniferin not pinoresinol diglucoside, and IiUGT1 primarily participates in the biosynthesis of pinoresinol diglucoside, while IiUGT4 is responsible for the glycosylation of lariciresinol and plays a dominant role in the biosynthesis of lariciresinol glycosides in I. indigotica. Analysis of the molecular docking and site-mutagenesis of IiUGT4 have found that key residues for its catalytic activity are H373, W376, E397, and that F151 could be associated with substrate preference. This study elucidates the biosynthetic route of anti-viral lignan glycosides in I. indigotica, and provides the foundation for the production of anti-viral lignan glycosides via synthetic biology under the heterologous model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinyin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baolong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Cai C, Xu L, Fang J, Dai Z, Wu Q, Liu X, Wang Q, Fang J, Liu AL, Du GH. In Silico Prediction and Bioactivity Evaluation of Chemical Ingredients Against Influenza A Virus From Isatis tinctoria L. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:755396. [PMID: 34950027 PMCID: PMC8689007 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.755396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is one of the major causes of seasonal endemic diseases and unpredictable periodic pandemics. Due to the high mutation rate and drug resistance, it poses a persistent threat and challenge to public health. Isatis tinctoria L. (Banlangen, BLG), a traditional herbal medicine widely used in Asian countries, has been reported to possess strong efficacy on respiratory viruses, including IAV. However, its effective anti-IAV components and the mechanism of actions (MOAs) are not yet fully elucidated. In this study, we first summarized the chemical components and corresponding contents in BLG according to current available chemical analysis literature. We then presented a network-based in silico framework for identifying potential drug candidates against IAV from BLG. A total of 269 components in BLG were initially screened by drug-likeness and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) evaluation. Thereafter, network predictive models were built via the integration of compound–target networks and influenza virus–host proteins. We highlighted 23 compounds that possessed high potential as anti-influenza virus agents. Through experimental evaluation, six compounds, namely, eupatorin, dinatin, linarin, tryptanthrin, indirubin, and acacetin, exhibited good inhibitory activity against wild-type H1N1 and H3N2. Particularly, they also exerted significant effects on drug-resistant strains. Finally, we explored the anti-IAV MOAs of BLG and showcased the potential biological pathways by systems pharmacology analysis. In conclusion, this work provides important information on BLG regarding its use in the development of anti-IAV drugs, and the network-based prediction framework proposed here also offers a powerfulful strategy for the in silico identification of novel drug candidates from complex components of herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuipu Cai
- Division of Data Intelligence, Department of Computer Science, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lvjie Xu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Dai
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Wu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Lin Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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7
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Feng J, Huang D, Yang Y, Chen J, Qiu S, Lv Z, Ma X, Li Y, Li R, Xiao Y, Chen W. Isatis indigotica: from (ethno) botany, biochemistry to synthetic biology. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2021; 1:17. [PMID: 37789475 PMCID: PMC8668392 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-021-00021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Isatis indigotica Fort. (Chinese woad) is a species with an ancient and well-documented history as an indigo dye and medicinal plant. It is often confused with Isatis tinctoria L. (European woad), a medicinal plant in Europe. Here, the differences between I. indigotica and I. tinctoria are systematically described. The usage development history, clinical applications and pharmacological activities, and chemical components of I. indigotica are also summarized. Lignans, indole alkaloids, and their corresponding derivatives have been identified as the major active ingredients of I. indigotica and are associated with anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and other health-promoting activities. Notable progress has been made in understanding the biosynthetic pathway and regulation mechanism of lignans and indole alkaloids in I. indigotica, the results from which should facilitate the process of targeted metabolic engineering or synthetic biology. Moreover, multiple biotechnology methods such as polyploid breeding and genetic engineering have been used with I. indigotica to result in, for example, greater yields, higher levels of bioactive component accumulation, and enhanced stress tolerance to salt, drought, and insects. Some issues require additional analyses, and suggestions for future research on I. indigotica are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Feng
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Doudou Huang
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yingbo Yang
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, 222001, Lianyungang, China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zongyou Lv
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xueqi Ma
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuanyu Li
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Medical Guarantee Center, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
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Ninyio NN, Ho KL, Omar AR, Tan WS, Iqbal M, Mariatulqabtiah AR. Virus-like Particle Vaccines: A Prospective Panacea Against an Avian Influenza Panzootic. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E694. [PMID: 33227887 PMCID: PMC7712863 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epizootics of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) have resulted in the deaths of millions of birds leading to huge financial losses to the poultry industry worldwide. The roles of migratory wild birds in the harbouring, mutation, and transmission of avian influenza viruses (AIVs), and the lack of broad-spectrum prophylactic vaccines present imminent threats of a global panzootic. To prevent this, control measures that include effective AIV surveillance programmes, treatment regimens, and universal vaccines are being developed and analysed for their effectiveness. We reviewed the epidemiology of AIVs with regards to past avian influenza (AI) outbreaks in birds. The AIV surveillance programmes in wild and domestic birds, as well as their roles in AI control were also evaluated. We discussed the limitations of the currently used AI vaccines, which necessitated the development of a universal vaccine. We evaluated the current development of AI vaccines based upon virus-like particles (VLPs), particularly those displaying the matrix-2 ectodomain (M2e) peptide. Finally, we highlighted the prospects of these VLP vaccines as universal vaccines with the potential of preventing an AI panzootic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Nyakaat Ninyio
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.N.); (W.S.T.)
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, Kaduna 800241, Nigeria
| | - Kok Lian Ho
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Wen Siang Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.N.); (W.S.T.)
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Munir Iqbal
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking GU24 0NF, UK;
| | - Abdul Razak Mariatulqabtiah
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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9
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Fuzimoto AD, Isidoro C. The antiviral and coronavirus-host protein pathways inhibiting properties of herbs and natural compounds - Additional weapons in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic? J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:405-419. [PMID: 32691005 PMCID: PMC7260130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As of March 11th, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. Articles published after the SARS-CoV-1 (2002) epidemic suggest that the use of an herbal-drug integrative medical approach could have contributed to a lower fatality rate and a more rapid response in controlling the outbreak. Methods Pubmed was searched for articles that investigated the antiviral properties and mechanisms of action of herbs or natural compounds against the SARS-coronavirus (CoV). Results Forty-three (43) relevant papers were located. A general count rendered 450+ herbs and natural compounds with antiviral properties against the SARS-CoV and related viruses. From the 43 articles, thirty-one (31) uncovered the mechanisms of action of the natural substances able to oppose the coronavirus. Discussion A series of herbs and natural compounds demonstrated moderate to strong antiviral activity. Research on many herbs-natural compounds also showed potent and significant inhibition of CoV-host protein pathways responsible for different phases of viral replication specifically targeting 3CLPRO, PLPRO, RdRp, helicase protein, S protein, N protein, 3a protein, Cathepsin L, Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a, and the S protein/ACE-2 interaction. Conclusion The herbs-natural compounds with antiviral activity and that caused inhibition/blockade of the CoV-host protein pathways are potential therapeutic candidates. The homology between the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 is around 80%. Thus, effective herbs-compounds for the former would likely be beneficial for the latter also depending on target protein similarities between the viruses. Here we provide the mechanistic bases supporting an integrative approach that includes natural compounds to fight coronavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
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10
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Yuan B, Yang C, Xia X, Zanin M, Wong SS, Yang F, Chang J, Mai Z, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Li R, Zhong N, Yang Z. The tree shrew is a promising model for the study of influenza B virus infection. Virol J 2019; 16:77. [PMID: 31174549 PMCID: PMC6555921 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza B virus is a main causative pathogen of annual influenza epidemics, however, research on influenza B virus in general lags behind that on influenza A viruses, one of the important reasons is studies on influenza B viruses in animal models are limited. Here we investigated the tree shrew as a potential model for influenza B virus studies. Methods Tree shrews and ferrets were inoculated with either a Yamagata or Victoria lineage influenza B virus. Symptoms including nasal discharge and weight loss were observed. Nasal wash and respiratory tissues were collected at 2, 4 and 6 days post inoculation (DPI). Viral titers were measured in nasal washes and tissues were used for pathological examination and extraction of mRNA for measurement of cytokine expression. Results Clinical signs and pathological changes were also evident in the respiratory tracts of tree shrews and ferrets. Although nasal symptoms including sneezing and rhinorrhea were evident in ferrets infected with influenza B virus, tree shrews showed no significant respiratory symptoms, only milder nasal secretions appeared. Weight loss was observed in tree shrews but not ferrets. V0215 and Y12 replicated in all three animal (ferrets, tree shrews and mice) models with peak titers evident on 2DPI. There were no significant differences in peak viral titers in ferrets and tree shrews inoculated with Y12 at 2 and 4DPI, but viral titers were detected at 6DPI in tree shrews. Tree shrews infected with influenza B virus showed similar seroconversion and respiratory tract pathology to ferrets. Elevated levels of cytokines were detected in the tissues isolated from the respiratory tract after infection with either V0215 or Y12 compared to the levels in the uninfected control in both animals. Overall, the tree shrew was sensitive to infection and disease by influenza B virus. Conclusion The tree shrew to be a promising model for influenza B virus research. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12985-019-1171-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yuan
- Department of Respiration, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueshan Xia
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science And Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Mark Zanin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Sook-San Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science And Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixiang Chang
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science And Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhitong Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Department of Respiration, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Runfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Li Z, Li L, Zhao S, Li J, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Yuan B. Re-understanding anti-influenza strategy: attach equal importance to antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapies. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S2248-S2259. [PMID: 30116604 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.03.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The direct replication of influenza virus is not the only cause of harm to human health; influenza infection leading to a hyper-inflammatory immune response can also result in serious conditions. So, the treatment strategy for influenza needs to keep balance between antivirus and anti-inflammation. Herein, we review the treatment strategies of anti-influenza drugs and traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Emergency, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Department of Respiration, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.,Department of Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 519020, China
| | - Bing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.,Department of Respiration, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan 650032, China
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12
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Shi Y, Zheng C, Li J, Yang L, Wang Z, Wang R. Separation and Quantification of Four Main Chiral Glucosinolates in Radix Isatidis and Its Granules Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Diode Array Detector Coupled with Circular Dichroism Detection. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061305. [PMID: 29844266 PMCID: PMC6100438 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As chemical drugs, separation and quantification of the specific enantiomer from the chiral compounds in herbal medicines are becoming more important. To clarify the chemical characterization of chiral glucosinolates—the antiviral active ingredients of Radix Isatidis, an optimized efficient method of HPLC-UV-CD was developed to simultaneously separate and quantify the four main chiral glucosinolates: progoitrin, epiprogoitrin, and R,S-goitrin. The first step was to determine progoitrin, epiprogoitrin, and R,S-goitrin using HPLC-UV, and then determine the R-goitrin and S-goitrin by coupling with CD detection. Subsequently, through the linear relations between anisotropy factor (g factor) and the percent optical purity of R-goitrin, the contents of R-goitrin and S-goitrin from the R,S-goitrin mixture were calculated separately. Furthermore, the chemical composition features of the four chiral glucosinolates in 37 samples from crude drugs, decoction pieces, and granules of R. Isatidis were conducted. The total content of the four glucosinolates was obviously higher in crude drugs, and the variance character of each glucosinolate contents was different. In summary, the accurate measurement method reported here allows for better control of the internal quality of R. Isatidis and its granules and provides a powerful approach for the analysis of other chiral components in traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Cheng Zheng
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jinhang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Center for Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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13
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You HL, Huang CC, Chen CJ, Chang CC, Liao PL, Huang ST. Anti-pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus potential of catechin and gallic acid. J Chin Med Assoc 2018; 81:458-468. [PMID: 29287704 PMCID: PMC7105043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus has spread worldwide and infected a large proportion of the human population. Discovery of new and effective drugs for the treatment of influenza is a crucial issue for the global medical community. According to our previous study, TSL-1, a fraction of the aqueous extract from the tender leaf of Toonasinensis, has demonstrated antiviral activities against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) through the down-regulation of adhesion molecules and chemokine to prevent viral attachment. METHODS The aim of the present study was to identify the active compounds in TSL-1 which exert anti-influenza A (H1N1) virus effects. XTT assay was used to detect the cell viability. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effect on the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus was analyzed by observing plaque formation, qRT-PCR, neuraminidase activity, and immunofluorescence staining of influenza A-specific glycoprotein. RESULTS Both catechin and gallic acid were found to be potent inhibitors in terms of influenza virus mRNA replication and MDCK plaque formation. Additionally, both compounds inhibited neuraminidase activities and viral glycoprotein. The 50% effective inhibition concentration (EC50) of catechin and gallic acid for the influenza A (H1N1) virus were 18.4 μg/mL and 2.6 μg/mL, respectively; whereas the 50% cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) of catechin and gallic acid were >100 μg/mL and 22.1 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the selectivity indexes (SI) of catechin and gallic acid were >5.6 and 22.1, respectively. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that catechin might be a safe reagent for long-term use to prevent influenza A (H1N1) virus infection; whereas gallic acid might be a sensitive reagent to inhibit influenza virus infection. We conclude that these two phyto-chemicals in TSL-1 are responsible for exerting anti-pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Ling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Chun Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Jen Chen
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chin Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Lin Liao
- Division of Pediatric Surgery and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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14
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Chinese herbal medicine compound Yi-Zhi-Hao pellet inhibits replication of influenza virus infection through activation of heme oxygenase-1. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:630-637. [PMID: 29159022 PMCID: PMC5687314 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As a leading cause of respiratory disease, influenza A virus (IAV) presents a pandemic threat in annual seasonal outbreaks. Given the limitation of existing anti-influenza therapies, there remains to be a requirement for new drugs. Compound Yi-Zhi-Hao pellet (CYZH) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used in the clinic, whose formula has been recorded in Complication of National Standard for Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat common cold. In this study, we found that CYZH exhibited a broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity and inhibited the expression of viral RNA and proteins in vitro. Mechanistically, CYZH had no inhibitory activities against viral protein hemagglutinin and IAV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Instead, it induced activation of erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which subsequently upregulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Also, CYZH protected cells from oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen series. In conclusions, CYZH inhibits IAV replication in vitro, at least partly by activating expression of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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15
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Nie L, Dai Z, Ma S. Stereospecific Assay of (R)- and (S)-Goitrin in Commercial Formulation of Radix Isatidis by Reversed Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2017; 2017:2810565. [PMID: 28894621 PMCID: PMC5574218 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2810565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Radix isatidis (Banlangen) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine for treating fever and removing toxic heat. Pharmacological studies have indicated that (R)-goitrin (epigoitrin) is one of the main constituents accounting for its antiviral activity, while (S)-goitrin (goitrin) is known as an antithyroid factor. To better control the quality of radix isatidis and its formulations, it is imperative to enantiomerically determine the contents of R- and S-goitrin. In this study, an enantioselective method based on reversed phase chromatography was developed for the assay of (R, S)-goitrin enantiomers. Optimum separation was obtained on an S-Chiral A column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) using methanol/water (30 : 70, v/v) as the mobile phase. After validation, the method was applied to quantify the enantiomers in Banlangen granules, which is the most prescribed commercial formulation of radix isatidis. Compared to enantioselective resolution approaches based on normal phase chromatography, the new method could be conveniently performed using regular reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) equipment and was found to be more suitable for the enantioselective quality control of water-extracted and soluble medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Nie
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, China Food and Drug Administration, 2 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Dai
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, China Food and Drug Administration, 2 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangcheng Ma
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, China Food and Drug Administration, 2 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, China
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16
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Li Z, Li L, Zhou H, Zeng L, Chen T, Chen Q, Zhou B, Wang Y, Chen Q, Hu P, Yang Z. Radix isatidis Polysaccharides Inhibit Influenza a Virus and Influenza A Virus-Induced Inflammation via Suppression of Host TLR3 Signaling In Vitro. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010116. [PMID: 28085062 PMCID: PMC6155848 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza remains one of the major epidemic diseases worldwide, and rapid virus replication and collateral lung tissue damage caused by excessive pro-inflammatory host immune cell responses lead to high mortality rates. Thus, novel therapeutic agents that control influenza A virus (IAV) propagation and attenuate excessive pro-inflammatory responses are needed. Polysaccharide extract from Radix isatidis, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, exerted potent anti-IAV activity against human seasonal influenza viruses (H1N1 and H3N2) and avian influenza viruses (H6N2 and H9N2) in vitro. The polysaccharides also significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and chemokines (IP-10, MIG, and CCL-5) stimulated by A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) at a range of doses (7.5 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, and 30 mg/mL); however, they were only effective against progeny virus at a high dose. Similar activity was detected against inflammation induced by avian influenza virus H9N2. The polysaccharides strongly inhibited the protein expression of TLR-3 induced by PR8, suggesting that they impair the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors induced by IAV by inhibiting activation of the TLR-3 signaling pathway. The polysaccharide extract from Radix isatidis root therefore has the potential to be used as an adjunct to antiviral therapy for the treatment of IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Li Li
- The First Hospital of Yulin, Yuxi Da Dao Road, Yulin 719000, China.
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Lijuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Qiaolian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Beixian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Yutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Qiaoyan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Traditinal Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510180, China.
| | - Ping Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
- Macau University of Science and Technology, AvenidaWai Long, Taipa, Macau 519020, China.
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17
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Chen SR, Wang AQ, Lin LG, Qiu HC, Wang YT, Wang Y. In Vitro Study on Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Activity of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn. Molecules 2016; 21:E1367. [PMID: 27754461 PMCID: PMC6274077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects 200 million people worldwide, and 75% of HCV cases progress into chronic infections, which consequently cause cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV infection is treated with currently considered standard drugs, including direct anti-viral agents (DAAs), alone or in combination with peginterferon-α plus ribavirin. However, sustained viral responses vary in different cohorts, and high costs limit the broad use of DAAs. In this study, the ethanol and water extracts of 12 herbs from Lingnan in China were examined in terms of their inhibitory effect on HCV replication. Among the examined extracts, Spatholobus suberectus ethanol extracts suppressed HCV replication. By comparison, Extracts from Fructus lycii, Radix astragali (root), Rubus chingii Hu (fruit), Flos chrysanthemi Indici (flower), Cassia obtusifolia (seed), Lonicera japonica Thunb (flower), Forsythia suspense Thunb (fruit), Poria cocos (sclerotia), Carthamus tinctorius L. (flower), Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. (fruit), and Leonurus japonicas Houtt. (leaf) extracts failed to show a similar activity. Active S. suberectus fractions containing tannins as the major component also inhibited the in vitro translation of HCV RNA. The combination treatments of single compounds, such as epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate, were not as potent as crude S. suberectus fractions; therefore, crude S. suberectus extract may be a potential alternative treatment against HCV either alone or in combination with other agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - An-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Hong-Cong Qiu
- Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Nanning 530022, China.
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
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18
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Ping X, Weiyang Y, Jianwei C, Xiang L. [Antiviral activities against influenza virus (FM1) of bioactive fractions and representative compounds extracted from Banlangen (Radix Isatidis)]. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2016; 36:369-76. [PMID: 27468553 PMCID: PMC7147197 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(16)30051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the antiviral activities of clemastanin B (CB), epigoitrin, phenylpropanoids portion (PEP) and the mixture of phenylpropanoids, alkaloids and organic acid fractions (PEP + ALK + OA) from Banlangen (Radix Isatidis). Methods The experiment consisted of four parts: therapeutic action, prophylaxsis action, inhibition of virus attachment, and direct virucidal action. Cytopathic effect (CPE) and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) were used to assess antiviral activity. Results CB, epigoitrin, PEP and PEP + ALK + OA fractions from Banlangen (Radix Isatidis) extract significantly increased the viability of MDCK cells pre-infected with the virus compared with the virus control group in all the dilutions (P < 0.01). Pretreated with either pure compounds or chemical fractions of Banlangen (Radix Isatidis) extract in all the dilutions significantly improved the viability of MDCK cells (P < 0.01). The inhibition of virus absorption to the host cells by CB, epigoitrin and PEP was in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion CB, epigoitrin, PEP and PEP + ALK + OA exert their anti-influenza activity by inhibiting the virus multiplication, prophylaxsis and blocking the virus attachment. The primary mode of action of PEP and PEP + ALK + OA is the inhibition of virus replication. The inhibitory effects on virus attachment and multiplication are the main modes for epigoitrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ping
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ye Weiyang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chen Jianwei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence to: Prof. Li Xiang, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China, Telephone: +86-25-85811512
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Modes of Antiviral Action of Chemical Portions and Constituents from Woad Root Extract against Influenza Virus A FM1. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:2537294. [PMID: 26989425 PMCID: PMC4775799 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2537294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Woad root has been used for the prevention of influenza for hundreds of years in many Asian countries. In this study, the antiviral modes of clemastanin B (CB), epigoitrin, phenylpropanoid portion (PEP), and the mixture of phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and organic acid portions (PEP + ALK + OA) from wood root extract against influenza virus A FM1 were investigated. The results revealed that CB, epigoitrin, PEP, and PEP + ALK + OA exert their anti-influenza activity via inhibiting the virus multiplication, prophylaxis, and blocking the virus attachment. The primary mode of action of PEP and PEP + ALK + OA is the inhibition of virus replication. The inhibitory effect on virus attachment and multiplication is the main modes for epigoitrin. All the compounds or chemical portions from woad root extract tested in this study do not have direct virucidal activity. Our results provided the comprehensive analysis of the antiviral mechanism of wood root extract.
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Lin L, Yang ZF, Zhan YQ, Luo W, Liu BJ, Pan JY, Yi F, Chen RC, Lai KF. The duration of cough in patients with H1N1 influenza. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2015; 11:733-738. [PMID: 26519198 PMCID: PMC7162306 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cough is one of common symptoms of influenza, the cough duration and prevalence of postinfectious cough (PIC) after viral upper respiratory tract infection has not been well described. OBJECTIVES We aim to investigate the duration of cough and prevalence of PIC and its relation with acute symptoms, airway inflammation and cough sensitivity in patients with H1N1 influenza. METHODS Patients with acute symptoms of H1N1 influenza were enrolled and followed up until cough relived. Spirometry, induced sputum test, capsaicin challenge test were conducted in patients with PIC. Cough sensitivity was presented as logarithm of provocative concentration inducing five or more coughs (logC5). RESULTS A total of 141 cases with H1N1 influenza were enrolled. In patients with H1N1 influenza, 97.2% of them complained cough. The duration of cough was as following: <1 week (73.0%); 1-2 weeks (7.8%); 2-3 weeks (7.8%); ≥3 weeks (8.5%). Twelve (8.5%) patients had cough lasting more than 3 weeks (PIC), 4 (2.8%) patients developed chronic cough (>8 weeks). Acute symptoms, spirometry, bronchial responsiveness and sputum differential cell count were similar between patients with PIC and those without PIC, however, there was a higher prevalence of previous PIC (58.3% vs 14.7%, P < 0.05) and elevated cough sensitivity (lgC5: 1.18 ± 0.58 vs 2.73 ± 0.33, P < 0.01) in patients with PIC as compared with the patients without PIC. CONCLUSIONS Acute cough is common in patients with H1N1 PIC, only a few of patients develop chronic cough. Acute symptoms cannot predict PIC which is related with previous PIC and increased cough sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Pulmonary Department, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Zi-Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang-Qing Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bao-Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Yu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ru-Chong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ke-Fang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Li ZT, Li L, Chen TT, Li CY, Wang DQ, Yang ZF, Zhong NS. Efficacy and safety of Ban-Lan-Gen granules in the treatment of seasonal influenza: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:126. [PMID: 25873046 PMCID: PMC4383212 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ban-Lan-Gen (BLG) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It has been used for the prevention and treatment of virus-related respiratory diseases such as influenza virus infection. BLG contains some antiviral compounds, but few evidence-based clinical studies have been conducted to assess its efficacy against influenza. We assessed the effects of BLG (including efficacy and safety) on the treatment of seasonal influenza in an evidence-based clinical trial. Methods/Design We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, oseltamivir- and placebo-controlled, parallel-design clinical trial. A total of 177 subjects are going to be recruited after satisfying the criteria: (i) 18 to 65 years of age; (ii) illness onset within 36 h; (3) axillary temperature ≥38.0°C; and (iv) positive influenza (type A/B) virus test. Subjects will be assigned randomly into three groups in equal proportions: oseltamivir treatment, BLG granule treatment, and placebo treatment. Each group receives 5-day treatment and is followed up 1, 3, 5, 7 and 21 days later. Symptoms and patient compliance are recorded, and virus/serum viral antibodies tested. We will use the primary outcome, secondary outcome, and safety indicators to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BLG granules in the treatment of seasonal influenza. Discussion We have described the first clinical trial for treatment using a single herb against influenza A and B viruses in China. We will hold a large-scale clinical trial to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of BLG against influenza infection based on the results of this pilot study. And this clinical trial will serve as an example for the study of other traditional herbal medicines in evidence-based clinical trials. Trial registration This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02232945 (3 September 2014). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0645-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-tu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Centre of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Centre of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,The First Hospital of Yulin, Yuxi Da Dao Road, Yulin, 719000, China.
| | - Ting-ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Centre of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Chu-yuan Li
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Company Limited, 389 Shatai Bei Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - De-qin Wang
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Company Limited, 389 Shatai Bei Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Zi-feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Centre of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, 519020, China.
| | - Nan-shan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Centre of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, 519020, China.
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