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Lai HC, Cheng JC, Yip HT, Jeng LB, Huang ST. Chinese herbal medicine decreases incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in diabetes mellitus patients with regular insulin management. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:716-731. [PMID: 38577471 PMCID: PMC10989382 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while insulin is a potent mitogen. Identifying a new therapeutic modality for preventing insulin users from developing HCC is a critical goal for researchers. AIM To investigate whether regular herbal medicine use can decrease HCC risk in DM patients with regular insulin control. METHODS We used data acquired from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance research database between 2000 and 2017. We identified patients with DM who were prescribed insulin for > 3 months. The herb user group was further defined as patients prescribed herbal medication for DM for > 3 months per annum during follow-up. We matched the herb users to nonusers at a 1:3 ratio according to age, sex, comorbidities and index year by propensity score matching. We analyzed HCC incidence, HCC survival rates, and the herbal prescriptions involved. RESULTS We initially enrolled 657144 DM patients with regular insulin use from 2000 to 2017. Among these, 46849 patients had used a herbal treatment for DM, and 140547 patients were included as the matched control group. The baseline variables were similar between the herb users and nonusers. DM patients with regular herb use had a 12% decreased risk of HCC compared with the control group [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.80-0.97]. The cumulative incidence of HCC in the herb users was significantly lower than that of the nonusers. Patients with a herb use of > 5 years cumulatively exhibited a protective effect against development of HCC (aHR = 0.82, P < 0.05). Of patients who developed HCC, herb users exhibited a longer survival time than nonusers (aHR = 0.78, P = 0.0001). Additionally, we report the top 10 herbs and formulas in prescriptions and summarize the potential pharmacological effects of the constituents. Our analysis indicated that Astragalus propinquus (Huang Qi) plus Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Dan Shen), and Astragalus propinquus (Huang Qi) plus Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. (Tian Hua Fen) were the most frequent combination of single herbs. Meanwhile, Ji Sheng Shen Qi Wan plus Dan Shen was the most frequent combination of herbs and formulas. CONCLUSION This large-scale retrospective cohort study reveals that herbal medicine may decrease HCC risk by 12% in DM patients with regular insulin use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lai
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chien Cheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Hei-Tung Yip
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
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Lin DY, Huang WT, Lin YC, Hung HH, Ou SC, Chang CW, Lin HE, Lin TY, Chang CW, Hung HC, Huang ST. Prescription system to calculate precise doses of Chinese herbal medicine to avoid toxic effects. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16612. [PMID: 37332963 PMCID: PMC10275772 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a therapeutic system which has been practiced for thousands of years. Although for much of its history the decoction of medicinal herbs was the most common method of consuming the herbal treatments, TCM prescriptions are now primarily prepared using concentrated Chinese herbal extracts (CCHE) in powder or granular form. However, determining the precise dose of each single Chinese herbal constituent within a prescription creates a challenge in clinical practice due to the potential risk of toxicity. To alleviate this, we invented the Chinese Intelligence Prescription System (CIPS) to calculate the exact dose of each single herb within an individual prescription. Methods In this study, we applied CIPS in a real-world setting to analyze clinical prescriptions collected and prepared at the TCM Pharmacy of China Medical University Hospital (CMUH). Results Our investigation revealed that 3% of all prescriptions filled in a 1-month period contained inexact dosages, suggesting that more than 170,000 prescriptions filled in Taiwan in a given month may contain potentially toxic components. We further analyzed the data to determine the excess dosages and outline the possible associated side effects. Conclusions In conclusion, CIPS offers TCM practitioners the ability to prepare exact Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) prescriptions in order to avoid toxic effects, thereby ensuring patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Ying Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Te Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiu Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Chen Ou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-En Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Network Learning Technology, National Central University, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Hung
- Graduate Institute of Network Learning Technology, National Central University, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Huang TY, Huang WT, Lin YC, Hung HH, Ou SC, Chang CW, Lin HE, Lin TY, Chang CW, Hung HC, Huang ST. Chinese Intelligence Prescription System improves prescription accuracy while decreasing labor and drug costs. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:514. [PMID: 37211610 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The traditional method of taking Chinese Medicine involves creating a decoction by cooking medicinal Chinese herbs. However, this method has become less popular, being replaced by the more convenient method of consuming concentrated Chinese herbal extracts, which creates challenges related to the complexity of stacking multiple formulas. METHODS We developed the Chinese Intelligence Prescription System (CIPS) to simplify the prescription process. In this study, we used data from our institutions pharmacy to calculate the number of reductions, average dispensing time, and resulting cost savings. RESULTS The mean number of prescriptions was reduced from 8.19 ± 3.65 to 7.37 ± 3.34 ([Formula: see text]). The reduction in the number of prescriptions directly resulted in decreased dispensing time, reducing it from 1.79 ± 0.25 to 1.63 ± 0.66 min ([Formula: see text]). The reduced dispensing time totaled 3.75 h per month per pharmacist, equivalent to an annual labor cost savings of $15,488 NTD per pharmacist. In addition, drug loss was reduced during the prescription process, with a mean savings of $4,517 NTD per year. The combined savings adds up to a not insignificant $20,005 NTD per year per pharmacist. When taking all TCM clinics/hospitals in Taiwan into account, the total annual savings would be $77 million NTD. CONCLUSION CIPS assists clinicians and pharmacists to formulate precise prescriptions in a clinical setting to simplify the dispensing process while reducing medical resource waste and labor costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, North District, No. 2, Yude Rd, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Te Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, North District, No. 2, Yude Rd, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, North District, No. 2, Yude Rd, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiu Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, North District, No. 2, Yude Rd, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Chen Ou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, North District, No. 2, Yude Rd, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, North District, No. 2, Yude Rd, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Hung-En Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, North District, No. 2, Yude Rd, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, North District, No. 2, Yude Rd, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Network Learning Technology, National Central University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Hung
- Graduate Institute of Network Learning Technology, National Central University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, North District, No. 2, Yude Rd, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Lai HC, Lin HJ, Shih YH, Chou JW, Lin KW, Jeng LB, Huang ST. LipoCol Forte capsules reduce the risk of liver cancer: A propensity score-matched, nationwide, population-based cohort study. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:828-842. [PMID: 37275448 PMCID: PMC10237025 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i5.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is among the top five most common cancers globally. Lipid-lowering drugs such as statins can lower the risk of liver cancer, but may also cause liver damage. LipoCol Forte capsules (LFC), a red yeast rice product, have demonstrated significant antihypercholesterolemic effects and a good safety profile in clinical studies.
AIM To evaluate whether LFC lowers the risk of liver cancer in adults in this propensity score-matched, nationwide, population-based cohort study.
METHODS We used data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, which includes electronic medical records for up to 99.99% of Taiwan’s population. LFC users and LFC non-users were matched 1:1 by propensity scores between January 2010 and December 2017. All had follow-up data for at least 1 year. Statistical analyses compared demographic distributions including sex, age, comorbidities, and prescribed medications. Cox regression analyses estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) after adjusting for potential confounders.
RESULTS We enrolled 33231 LFC users and 33231 non-LFC users (controls). No significant differences between the study cohorts were identified regarding comorbidities and medications [standardized mean difference (SMD) < 0.05]. At follow-up, the overall incidence of liver cancer was significantly lower in the LFC cohort compared with controls [aHR 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86-0.95; P < 0.001]. The risk of liver cancer was significantly reduced in both females (aHR 0.87; 95%CI: 0.8-0.94; P < 0.001) and males (aHR 0.93; 95%CI: 0.87-0.98; P < 0.01) in the LFC cohort compared with their counterparts in the non-LFC cohort. The antitumor protective effects applied to patients with comorbidities (including hypertension, ischemic stroke, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hepatitis B infection and hepatitis C infection). Those using LFC for more than 84 drug days had a 0.64-fold lower risk of liver cancer compared with controls (P < 0.001). Compared with controls, the risk of developing liver cancer in the LFC cohort progressively decreased over time; the lowest incidence of liver cancer occurred in LFC users followed-up for more than 6 years (27.44 vs 31.49 per 1,000 person-years; aHR 0.75; 95%CI: 0.68-0.82; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION This retrospective cohort study indicates that LFC has a significantly protective effect on lowering the risk of liver cancer, in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lai
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsiu Shih
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Chou
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Lin
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709204, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
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Yang HL, Huang ST, Lyu ZH, Bhat AA, Vadivalagan C, Yeh YL, Hseu YC. The anti-tumor activities of coenzyme Q0 through ROS-mediated autophagic cell death in human triple-negative breast cells. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
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Lai HC, Lin HJ, Jeng LB, Huang ST. Roles of conventional and complementary therapies in recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:19-35. [PMID: 36684056 PMCID: PMC9850766 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common type of cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. HCC has a reported recurrence rate of 70%-80% after 5 years of follow-up. Controlling tumor recurrence is the most critical factor associated with HCC mortality. Conventional salvage therapies for recurrent HCC include re-hepatectomy or liver transplantation, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, Y-90, target therapy, and immunotherapy; however, these conventional treatment modalities have yet to achieve consistently favorable outcomes. Meanwhile, previous studies have demonstrated that conventional therapies in combination with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), acupuncture, moxibustion or dietary supplements could notably benefit patients with HCC recurrence by strengthening and augmenting the overall management strategy. However, systemic reviews related to the interactions between complementary therapies and conventional therapy in recurrent HCC are limited. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of complementary therapies for recurrent HCC, which include augmenting the local control to improve the congestion status of primary tumors and reducing multicentric tumor occurrence via inducing autophagy, apoptosis or cell cycle arrest. TCM and its derivatives may play important roles in helping to control HCC recurrence by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion, and metastasis, inhibiting cancer stem cells, and ameliorating drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lai
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709204, Taiwan
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Hung SW, Liao YC, Chi IC, Lin TY, Lin YC, Lin HJ, Huang ST. Integrated Chinese herbal medicine and Western medicine successfully resolves spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum in a patient with severe COVID-19 in Taiwan: A case report. Explore (NY) 2023; 19:147-152. [PMID: 34955379 PMCID: PMC8667518 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
CASE Serious complications of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) include subcutaneous emphysema (SE) and pneumomediastinum, which are complicated to treat with conventional Western medicine. We report how combining Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) with Western medicine quickly resolved a patient's COVID-19-associated pulmonary complications, shortened hospital stay and improved quality of life. CLINICAL FEATURES AND OUTCOME A 59-year-old male with a history of smoking and tumors was diagnosed with COVID-19 in May 2021. At hospitalization, his oxygen saturation (SpO2) was 80%, he had a continuous severe cough, rapid shallow breathing, spontaneous SE and pneumomediastinum. By Day 4 of hospitalization, his condition was worsening despite standard care, so CHM was added. After 3-5 days, his coughing had lessened and supplementary oxygen therapy was de-escalated. Nine days after starting CHM, the SE had completely resolved and the patient avoided intubation. His WHO OS 10-point Scale score had fallen from 6 to 3 points and the modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale score from 4 to 2 points. He was hospitalized for 19 days. At 1 week post-discharge, the patient could handle most of his daily activities and experienced minor shortness of breath only when performing labor-intensive tasks. At 1 month, his work output was restored to pre-COVID-19 levels. CONCLUSION CHM combined with standard Western medicine improved pulmonary function, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation and shortened the hospital stay of a patient with severe COVID-19 complicated by SE and pneumomediastinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Wen Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ching Liao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, North District, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
| | - I-Chang Chi
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, North District, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, North District, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Zhanghe Road, Annan District, Tainan City 709, Taiwan.
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Chen PE, Hung HH, Huang WT, Yeh CH, Kao YW, Shia BC, Huang ST. Chinese Herbal Medicine Improved Survival in Stage IV Breast Cancer Patients: Data Mining of the Incorporated Taiwan Cancer Registry Database and Hospital Database. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231178898. [PMID: 37278256 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231178898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to recent research, breast cancer has become the most commonly diagnosed non-skin cancer type among the entire population. Meanwhile, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has become an important therapy to improve the survival rate and quality of life in metastatic cancer patients, as part of a wider trend toward more personalized medicine. However, there is a lack of research in terms of the association between stage IV breast cancer and CHM. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between CHM and the survival rate in breast cancer patients at different cancer stages, with a particular focus on patients diagnosed with stage IV. METHODS Patients with an initial diagnosis of breast cancer identified from the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database (TCRD) and China Medical University Hospital (CMUH) database were included in this study. Demographic characteristics including gender, age, and comorbidities were evaluated. Between-group differences for continuous and categorical variables were evaluated by the Student's t-test and Chi-square test, respectively. Patients diagnosed with breast cancer were recruited and divided into cohorts of CHM users and non-users with a 1:1 propensity score matching. The survival of breast cancer patients was assessed by the Cox proportional hazard model. The cumulative incidence of survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS The adjuvant CHM treatment was associated with a higher survival rate in stage IV breast cancer patients (HR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.2853-0.7044]. Additionally, the use of CHM had a positive impact on survival in stage IV breast cancer patients who had received surgery (P: .0273, HR: 0.3406, 95% CI: 0.1309-0.8865), chemotherapy (P: .0004, HR: 0.3893, 95% CI: 0.231-0.656), and hormone therapy (P: .0013, HR: 0.3491, 95% CI: 0.1836-0.6636). In terms of the specific CHM associated with survival, Zhi-Gan-Cao-Tang (ZGCT), Phellodendron chinense Schneid. (huang-bai), and Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (chi-shao) were the 3 most commonly prescribed herbal medicines correlated with a higher survival rate among stage IV breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS CHM associated with conventional management achieved significant survival benefits in patients with stage IV breast cancer. Additional randomized controlled trials for prospective study are recommended for further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-En Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiu Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Te Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsuan Yeh
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Kao
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Statistics and Information Science, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Chang Shia
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- A-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Yen JH, Huang WC, Lin SC, Huang YW, Chio WT, Tsay GJ, Hung MC, Huang ST. Metabolic remodeling in tumor-associated macrophages contributing to antitumor activity of cryptotanshinone by regulating TRAF6-ASK1 axis. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 26:158-174. [PMID: 35860009 PMCID: PMC9271981 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dampening tumor growth by converting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from M2/repair-types to M1/kill-types is of high interest. Here, we show that cryptotanshinone (CPT) can function as an antitumor immune modulator that switches TAMs from an M2 to an M1 phenotype, leading to tumor regression. An orthotopic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) implantation model was used to determine the role and mechanism of CPT in suppressing M1-to-M2 repolarization of TAMs. Co-culturing TNBC cells with CPT-treated macrophages reduced TNBC proliferation and motility, while in TNBC orthotopic mouse models, CPT treatment inhibited breast tumor formation. Moreover, we identified that CPT inhibits mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial fusion via autophagy and transcriptional activation of the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) pathway. Suppression of ASK1 downregulates autophagy and abolishes CPT-induced effects upon TAMs. In addition, CPT inhibits M2 macrophage differentiation and causes TRAF6 auto-ubiquitination-dependent activation of the ASK1, leading to M1 polarization. On the contrary, in M1 macrophage, CPT increases interaction of ASK1 and TRAF6 which induces ASK1 ubiquitination and degradation. Intriguingly, CPT plays opposite roles in the M1 and M2 phenotype. Our findings help to illuminate a previously unrecognized antitumor mechanism of CPT and suggest that this natural compound offers a macrophage-based approach for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hau Yen
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ching Lin
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Chio
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gregory J. Tsay
- Research and Development Center for Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Taichung, 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. Mien-Chie Hung, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung 406, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 2, Yude Road, North District 40447, Taichung, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Corresponding author Sheng-Teng Huang, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
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Hsu SM, Lin HJ, Kao YW, Li TM, Shia BC, Huang ST. Concurrent use of Chinese herbal medicine and anticoagulants may reduce major bleeding events. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271965. [PMID: 35998204 PMCID: PMC9398017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This retrospective cohort study investigated the risk of major bleeding events during the concurrent use of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and anticoagulants in clinical practice. Methods A total of 4,470 patients receiving anticoagulant drugs were selected from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Half (n = 2,235) were also using CHMs (CHM cohort); the other half were not (non-CHM cohort). Each cohort was matched 1:1 using the propensity score. Chi-square testing and the Student’s t-test were used to examine differences between two cohorts. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis assessed the risks for major bleeding events in each cohort, as well as bleeding risks associated with specific CHM formulas and herbs. Cumulative incidence curves for major bleeding events were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results Compared with the non-CHM cohort, the CHM cohort had a lower risk of overall bleeding events (p < 0.001) including hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008), gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding (p < 0.001), urogenital bleeding (p ≤ 0.001) and nasal/ear/eye bleeding (p = 0.004). Single herbs, such as Glycyrrhiza uralensis et Rhizoma, Panax notoginseng, Panax ginseng, Platycodon grandiflorum, Eucommia ulmoides Oliver and formulas, such as Shu Jing Huo Xue Tang, Shao Yao Gan Cao Tang and Ji Sheng Shen Qi Wan were associated with a lower risk of major bleeding events. Conclusion Using CHMs with anticoagulants appeared to decrease the risk of major bleeding, especially CHMs products containing Glycyrrhiza uralensis et Rhizoma, Panax notoginseng, Panax ginseng, Platycodon grandiflorum and Eucommia ulmoides Oliver. Further investigations are needed to determine whether CHM can maintain the therapeutic efficacy of anticoagulants while simultaneously reducing potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Min Hsu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Kao
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Chang Shia
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: , (STH); (BCS)
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: , (STH); (BCS)
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11
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Wang WJ, Chen Y, Su WC, Liu YY, Shen WJ, Chang WC, Huang ST, Lin CW, Wang YC, Yang CS, Hou MH, Chou YC, Wu YC, Wang SC, Hung MC. Peimine inhibits variants of SARS-CoV-2 cell entry via blocking the interaction between viral spike protein and ACE2. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14354. [PMID: 35894128 PMCID: PMC9353385 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been approved; however, variants of concern (VOCs) can evade vaccine protection. Therefore, developing small compound drugs that directly block the interaction between the viral spike glycoprotein and ACE2 is urgently needed to provide a complementary or alternative treatment for COVID-19 patients. We developed a viral infection assay to screen a library of approximately 126 small molecules and showed that peimine inhibits VOCs viral infections. In addition, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay showed that peimine suppresses the interaction of spike and ACE2. Molecular docking analysis revealed that peimine exhibits a higher binding affinity for variant spike proteins and is able to form hydrogen bonds with N501Y in the spike protein. These results suggest that peimine, a compound isolated from Fritillaria, may be a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 variant infection. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In this study, we identified a naturally derived compound of peimine, a major bioactive alkaloid extracted from Fritillaria, that could inhibit SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) viral infection in 293T/ACE2 and Calu-3 lung cells. In addition, peimine blocks viral entry through interruption of spike and ACE2 interaction. Moreover, molecular docking analysis demonstrates that peimine has a higher binding affinity on N501Y in the spike protein. Furthermore, we found that Fritillaria significantly inhibits SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. These results suggested that peimine and Fritillaria could be a potential functional drug and food for COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jan Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yeh Chen
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Gradaute Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Su
- International Master's Program of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Emerging Viruses, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yi Liu
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Jou Shen
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wen Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Wang
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Gradaute Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Shin Yang
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Gradaute Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Hou
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Gradaute Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chou
- RNA Technology Platform and Gene Manipulation Core, Biomedical Translation Research Center (BioTReC), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chun Wang
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery Ph.D. Program, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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12
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Hung JH, Chen WC, Lin MC, Chuang HM, Wang JL, Fu PK, Lin CP, Huang ST. Associations of Chinese Herbal Medicine Use with the Risks of Acute Exacerbation and Mortality in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. J Integr Complement Med 2022; 28:77-86. [PMID: 35085024 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2021.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the correlation of exacerbation and the mortality rate in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) between biomedical treatments with or without Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) as an adjunct. Design: A total of 81,261 COPD patients were identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan between 2001 and 2012. After screening and matching, 3176 COPD patients were included in the study. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the differences in the baseline characteristics. The authors used the Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to calculate the risks of mortality and hospitalization due to acute exacerbation of COPD within 1 year between a CHM user cohort and non-CHM user cohort. The cumulative incidence of mortality in COPD patients with or without CHM treatment was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: COPD patients in the CHM user cohort demonstrated a significantly lower risk of mortality (p < 0.001) and acute exacerbation (p < 0.05), compared with the non-CHM user cohort. In addition, the CHM users exhibited a reduced cumulative incidence of mortality compared with the non-CHM user cohort (p < 0.001). Xiao Qing Long Tang and Fritillariae thunbergii were the most common Chinese herbal formula and single Chinese herb prescribed for COPD patients. Conclusion: Combining CHM with biomedical treatment might reduce the risk of acute exacerbation and incidence of mortality in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Hung Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Chuang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Long Wang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Kuei Fu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pang Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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Hung HH, Huang CC, Lin MC, Huang ST, Jeng LB. Evaluation of delayed bleeding risks associated with partial hepatectomy: A nationwide population-based propensity score matching study. Int J Surg 2021; 90:105980. [PMID: 34082138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.105980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increased bleeding risk following hepatectomy either due to surgical complications or the nature of liver dysfunction among these patients. For better prevention of delayed bleeding in patients undergoing hepatectomy with different kinds of comorbidities and medications, we examined the risk of major bleeding up to 10 years following hepatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study used data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients who underwent hepatectomy between 2000 and 2012 were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. The non-hepatectomy cohort was defined as patients without any record of hepatectomy. Variables including gender, age, comorbidities, and prescribed medications were matched between the hepatectomy and non-hepatectomy cohorts. RESULTS A total of 1155 patients with hepatectomy and 1155 matched non-hepatectomy subjects were included in this study. The risk of major bleeding was significantly higher in the hepatectomy cohort than that of the non-hepatectomy cohort (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.60). The gastrointestinal tract was the most common site of bleeding among patients with bleeding tendencies (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.93). Compared with the non-hepatectomy cohort, patients who underwent hepatectomy were at greater risk of delayed major bleeding in the first decade following surgery (adjusted hazard ratios ranged from 1.56 to 1.70). CONCLUSION Hepatectomy poses a significant risk of delayed major bleeding, especially in the first decade following surgery. Proper prevention methods and close monitoring for bleeding complications are indicated for patients undergoing hepatic surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Hsiu Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chun Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Huang ST, Chen Y, Chang WC, Chen HF, Lai HC, Lin YC, Wang WJ, Wang YC, Yang CS, Wang SC, Hung MC. Scutellaria barbata D. Don Inhibits the Main Proteases (M pro and TMPRSS2) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection. Viruses 2021; 13:826. [PMID: 34063247 PMCID: PMC8147405 DOI: 10.3390/v13050826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In late 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic emerged to severely impact the global population, creating an unprecedented need for effective treatments. This study aims to investigate the potential of Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB) as a treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection through the inhibition of the proteases playing important functions in the infection by SARS-CoV-2. FRET assay was applied to investigate the inhibitory effects of SB on the two proteases involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection, Mpro and TMPRSS2. Additionally, to measure the potential effectiveness of SB treatment on infection inhibition, cellular models based on the Calu3 and VeroE6 cells and their TMPRSS2- expressing derivatives were assessed by viral pseudoparticles (Vpp) infection assays. The experimental approaches were conjugated with LC/MS analyses of the aqueous extracts of SB to identify the major constituent compounds, followed by a literature review to determine the potential active components of the inhibitory effects on protease activities. Our results showed that SB extracts inhibited the enzyme activities of Mpro and TMPRSS2. Furthermore, SB extracts effectively inhibited SARS-CoV-2 Vpp infection through a TMPRSS2-dependent mechanism. The aqueous extract analysis identified six major constituent compounds present in SB. Some of them have been known associated with inhibitory activities of TMPRSS2 or Mpro. Thus, SB may effectively prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication through inhibiting Mpro and TMPRSS2 protease activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Teng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
| | - Yeh Chen
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.C.); (H.-F.C.); (S.-C.W.)
- New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (C.-S.Y.)
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiao-Fan Chen
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.C.); (H.-F.C.); (S.-C.W.)
- New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Wei-Jan Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (C.-S.Y.)
| | - Chia-Shin Yang
- Graduate Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (C.-S.Y.)
| | - Shao-Chun Wang
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.C.); (H.-F.C.); (S.-C.W.)
- New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.C.); (H.-F.C.); (S.-C.W.)
- New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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15
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Cheng WZ, Lin YL, Su YC, Lin MC, Tseng CH, Lin RM, Huang ST. Post-surgery cholecystectomy, hepatectomy, and pancreatectomy patients increase the risk of osteoporotic vertebral fracture. J Bone Miner Metab 2021; 39:174-185. [PMID: 32757040 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-020-01129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data is currently lacking regarding association between the cholecystectomy/hepatectomy/pancreatectomy and the development of osteoporotic fracture. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the relationship between cholecystectomy/hepatectomy/pancreatectomy and the subsequent risk of developing osteoporotic fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients having undergone cholecystectomy, hepatectomy, or pancreatectomy between 2000 and 2012 were selected from the All Population Based Hospitalization File as the surgery cohort (n = 304,081), which was frequency matched with the control cohort (n = 304,081). The Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier analysis were applied to measure the hazard ratios and the cumulative incidence of osteoporotic fracture. RESULTS A total of 1136 patients in the surgery cohort and 1179 patients in the control cohort were newly diagnosed with osteoporotic fracture. The overall osteoporotic fracture risk in the surgery cohort was 1.12-fold higher [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-1.21]. Specifically, surgery cohort had higher vertebral fracture risk than non-surgery cohort [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.12, Cl, 1.03-1.22]. In addition, patients underwent cholecystectomy (includes open and laparoscopic approaches), hepatectomy (only open approach), and pancreatectomy group (only open approach) were 1.10 (95% CI, 1.01-1.19), 1.49 (95% CI, 1.10-2.01), and 1.88 (95% CI, 1.23-2.87) times more likely to develop osteoporotic fracture, respectively. No significant difference of osteoporotic fracture risk was observed between open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The risk of osteoporotic fracture was significantly increased in females, patients aged ≥ 40 years old, and patients with some comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS Patients post cholecystectomy, hepatectomy, or pancreatectomy significantly increased risk of developing osteoporotic fracture, suggesting closer attention in post-operative care is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zen Cheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Lan Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chih Su
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hsing Tseng
- Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Changhe Road, Annan District, Tainan city, 70965, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Mo Lin
- Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Changhe Road, Annan District, Tainan city, 70965, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan.
- Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Changhe Road, Annan District, Tainan city, 70965, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Wang CY, Wang TC, Liang WM, Hung CH, Chiou JS, Chen CJ, Tsai FJ, Huang ST, Chang TY, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Li TM, Lin YJ. Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine Therapy on Overall and Cancer Related Mortality in Patients With Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Taiwan. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:607413. [PMID: 33708119 PMCID: PMC7941275 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.607413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a head and neck cancer involving epithelial squamous-cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx that mainly occurs in individuals from East and Southeast Asia. We investigated whether Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) as a complementary therapy offers benefits to these patients. We retrospectively evaluated the Taiwan Cancer Registry (Long Form) database for patients with advanced NPC, using or not using CHM, between 2007–2013. Cox proportional-hazard model and Kaplan‒Meier survival analyses were applied for patient survival. CHM-users showed a lower overall and cancer-related mortality risk than non-users. For advanced NPC patients, the overall mortality risk was 0.799-fold for CHM-users, after controlling for age, gender, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score (Cancer stages 3 + 4: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.799, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.676–0.943, p = 0.008). CHM-users also showed a lower cancer-related mortality risk than non-users (aHR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53–0.96, p = 0.0273). Association rule analysis showed that CHM pairs were Ban-Zhi-Lian (BZL; Scutellaria barbata D.Don) and For single herbs, Bai-Hua-She-She-Cao (Herba Hedyotis Diffusae; Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R.J.Wang (syn. Hedyotis diffusa Willd.) and Mai-Men-Dong (MMD; Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl.), and Gan-Lu-Yin (GLY) and BHSSC. Network analysis revealed that BHSSC was the core CHM, and BZL, GLY, and Xin-Yi-Qing-Fei-Tang (XYQFT) were important CHMs in cluster 1. In cluster 2, ShengDH, MMD, Xuan-Shen (XS; Scrophularia ningpoensis Hensl.), and Gua-Lou-Gen (GLG; Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.) were important CHMs. Thus, as a complementary therapy, CHM, and particularly the 8 CHMs identified, are important for the treatment of advanced NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Chuan Wang
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Hung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Shiun Chiou
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Yuan Chang
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Hseu YC, Chiang YC, Vudhya Gowrisankar Y, Lin KY, Huang ST, Shrestha S, Chang GR, Yang HL. Correction: Hseu, Y.-C., et al. The In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Properties of Chalcone Flavokawain B through Induction of ROS-Mediated Apoptotic and Autophagic Cell Death in Human Melanoma Cells. Cancers 2020, 12, 2936. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020303. [PMID: 33467786 PMCID: PMC7830129 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the original article [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (Y.V.G.)
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chiang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Yugandhar Vudhya Gowrisankar
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (Y.V.G.)
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
- Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Sirjana Shrestha
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Geng-Ruei Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (G.-R.C.); (H.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7503) (H.-L.Y.); Fax: +886-4-22062891 (H.-L.Y.)
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.-R.C.); (H.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7503) (H.-L.Y.); Fax: +886-4-22062891 (H.-L.Y.)
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Lin CH, Lin CP, Huang ST. Successful intervention with Chinese herbal medicine for hyperthyroidism: Two case reports and a literature review. Explore (NY) 2020; 17:344-350. [PMID: 33109498 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperthyroidism, the excessive production of thyroid hormones, is most commonly attributed to autoimmune dysfunction such as Graves' disease. Western medical treatment of hyperthyroidism includes antithyroid medications, radioiodine, and thyroidectomy, all of which are associated with side effects. We describe the successful treatment of two patients with Graves' disease who used Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) with or without Western medicine. CASE PRESENTATION Both cases (a 50-year-old female [case 1] and a 56-year-old male [case 2]) received the Chinese herbal formula Jia Wei Xiao Yao San (JWXYS) as well as Prunella vulgaris, Fritillaria thunbergii, and Crassostrea gigas. Elevated thyroid hormone levels were restored to normal after 10 months of treatment in case 1 and 8 months in case 2. Neither patient experienced any complications or side effects during CHM treatment. Notably, symptoms and thyroid hormone levels have remained well controlled in both patients over 1 year of follow-up until the time of this report. To explore the possible mechanisms involved in CHM treatment of hyperthyroidism, we searched biomedical literature databases and reviewed the literature up to June 2020. CONCLUSIONS As for the hyperthyroidism almost was controlled by Western medicine instead of CHM, we report that JWXYS as well as Prunella vulgaris, Fritillaria thunbergii, and Crassostrea gigas was a safe and effective formula and we propose that CHM may be considered as either a first choice or combination therapy to control hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hui Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pang Lin
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Zhanghe Road, Annan District, Tainan City 709, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Zhanghe Road, Annan District, Tainan City 709, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Xueshi Road, North District, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan.
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19
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Hseu YC, Chiang YC, Vudhya Gowrisankar Y, Lin KY, Huang ST, Shrestha S, Chang GR, Yang HL. The In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Properties of Chalcone Flavokawain B through Induction of ROS-Mediated Apoptotic and Autophagic Cell Death in Human Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102936. [PMID: 33053749 PMCID: PMC7600613 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most prevalent type of skin cancer with high mortality rates. This study demonstrates the in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties of chalcone flavokawain B (FKB) induced ROS-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in human melanoma (human epithelial melanoma cell line A375 and/or human skin lymph node derived melanoma cell line A2058) cells. Cell viability was calculated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the expression patterns of various apoptosis, autophagy-associated proteins were determined by Western blot methods. Annexin V was detected by flow cytometry, whereas acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) and intracellular ROS levels were measured by fluorescence microscopy. The in vivo anticancer properties of FKB were evaluated by xenografting the A375 cells into nude mice. The results convey that FKB inhibited cell viability, B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) expression in human melanoma cells. Caspase-3 activation, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage pathway, and Bcl2 associated X (Bax)/B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) dysregulation were involved in the execution of apoptosis. Moreover, FKB-induced autophagy was observed through increased microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3B (LC3-II) accumulation and AVOs formation, which was also associated with an increase in sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62), decreased protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expressions, and dysregulated Beclin-1/Bcl-2 levels. Autophagy inhibitors [3-methyladenine (3-MA)/chloroquine (CQ)] and LC3 silencing suppressed FKB-induced apoptosis by decreasing caspase-3 in melanoma cells. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) diminished FKB-induced apoptotic and autophagic cell death. However, the inhibition of apoptosis decreased FKB-induced autophagy (LC3-I/II). The in vivo study confirmed that FKB inhibited melanoma growth in A375-xenografted nude mice. This study concluded that FKB is critically associated with the execution and generation of ROS-modulated apoptotic and autophagic cell death of melanoma cells. FKB also repressed tumor growth in xenografted nude mice. Therefore, flavokawain B might be a potential anti-tumor agent in human melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (Y.V.G.)
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chiang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Yugandhar Vudhya Gowrisankar
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (Y.V.G.)
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
- Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Sirjana Shrestha
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Geng-Ruei Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (G.-R.C.); (H.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7503) (H.-L.Y.); Fax: +886-4-2206-2891 (H.-L.Y.)
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.-R.C.); (H.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7503) (H.-L.Y.); Fax: +886-4-2206-2891 (H.-L.Y.)
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20
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Ou SC, Lin MC, Lin HJ, Huang CP, Huang ST. Association between erectile dysfunction and fibromyalgia in male patients: A Taiwanese nationwide population-based cohort study. Int J Urol 2020; 27:1102-1108. [PMID: 32901969 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between erectile dysfunction and fibromyalgia, and to clarify related comorbidities and treatment modalities. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was carried out using 1 million records in the National Health Insurance Research Database. From 2001 to 2012, a total of 53 678 male patients newly diagnosed with fibromyalgia were recruited as the fibromyalgia cohort, and the same number of the non-fibromyalgia cohort was enrolled and matched with propensity score with age, income, comorbidities, and prescribed medications. All records were followed up until the end of 2013. The Cox proportional hazards model was carried out to assess the risk of erectile dysfunction among fibromyalgia patients. RESULTS The incidence rates of erectile dysfunction were 36.86 and 21.15 (per 10 000 person-years) in the fibromyalgia and non-fibromyalgia cohorts, respectively, and a significantly increased risk of erectile dysfunction in fibromyalgia patients was noted (adjusted hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.55-1.85, P < 0.001). The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed increased risk of erectile dysfunction in the fibromyalgia cohort regardless of treatment prescriptions of tramadol, antidepressants, gabapentin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. CONCLUSIONS Fibromyalgia was found to be an independent risk factor for the incidence of erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Chen Ou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ping Huang
- Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
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21
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Huang ST, Lai HC, Lin YC, Huang WT, Hung HH, Ou SC, Lin HJ, Hung MC. Principles and treatment strategies for the use of Chinese herbal medicine in patients at different stages of coronavirus infection. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2010-2031. [PMID: 32774998 PMCID: PMC7407358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel, human-infecting β-coronavirus enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, similar to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) infection that emerged in November 2002. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the epidemic disease concepts of "febrile epidemics" (wenyi) or "warm diseases" (wenbing) are based on geographic and cultural aspects, and Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) played an important role in the treatment of epidemic diseases. CHM was widely used to treat patients suffered with SARS almost two decades ago during outbreak of SARS, with proven safety and potential benefits. TCM has also been widely used to treat cancer patients for a long history and much of them associate with immunomodulatory activity and are used to treat coronavirus-related diseases. We propose the use of CHM treatment principles for clinical practice, based on four main stages of COVID-19 infection: early, intermediate, severe, and convalescence. We suggest corresponding decoctions that exhibit antiviral activity and anti-inflammatory effects in the early stage of infection; preventing the disease from progressing from an intermediate to severe stage of infection; restoring normal lung function and improving consciousness in the severe stage; and ameliorating pulmonary and vascular injury in the convalescent stage. We summarize the pharmaceutical mechanisms of CHM for treating coronavirus via antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Teng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Te Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiu Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Chen Ou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
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22
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Huang WT, Hung HH, Kao YW, Ou SC, Lin YC, Cheng WZ, Yen ZR, Li J, Chen M, Shia BC, Huang ST. Application of Neural Network and Cluster Analyses to Differentiate TCM Patterns in Patients With Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:670. [PMID: 32457636 PMCID: PMC7227602 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Pattern differentiation is a critical element of the prescription process for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practitioners. Application of advanced machine learning techniques will enhance the effectiveness of TCM in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to explore the relationships between clinical features and TCM patterns in breast cancer patients. Methods The dataset of breast cancer patients receiving TCM treatment was recruited from a single medical center. We utilized a neural network model to standardize terminologies and address TCM pattern differentiation in breast cancer cases. Cluster analysis was applied to classify the clinical features in the breast cancer patient dataset. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we further compared the TCM patterns to therapeutic principles of Chinese herbal medication in Taiwan. Results A total of 2,738 breast cancer cases were recruited and standardized. They were divided into 5 groups according to clinical features via cluster analysis. The pattern differentiation model revealed that liver-gallbladder dampness-heat was the primary TCM pattern identified in patients. The main therapeutic goals of the top 10 Chinese herbal medicines prescribed for breast cancer patients were to clear heat, drain dampness, and detoxify. These results demonstrated that the neural network successfully identified patterns from a dataset similar to the prescriptions of TCM clinical practitioners. Conclusion This is the first study using machine-learning methodology to standardize and analyze TCM electronic medical records. The patterns revealed by the analyses were highly correlated with the therapeutic principles of TCM practitioners. Machine learning technology could assist TCM practitioners to comprehensively differentiate patterns and identify effective Chinese herbal medicine treatments in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Te Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiu Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Kao
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Research Center of Big Data, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Chen Ou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Zen Cheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Rong Yen
- Information Technology Office, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jian Li
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mingchih Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Chang Shia
- Research Center of Big Data, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Executive Master Program of Business Administration in Biotechnology, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The influenza virus is a highly infectious disease, with a notably rapid transmission rate. Autophagy is triggered by viral infection and is a survival mechanism exerted to maintain cellular homeostasis. Catechin is a representative phenolic acid which exerts anti-inflammatory responses against influenza A virus infection. The aim of this study is to explore the anti-H1N1 influenza virus effects by catechin associated with the restoration of autophagy. METHODS XTT assay was used to detect cellular viability. The inhibitory effects on the H1N1 influenza virus were assessed by hemagglutination assay, neuraminidase activity, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein levels of H1N1 influenza virulence and autophagic markers were detected by Western blot. RESULTS We herein demonstrated that catechin had no cytotoxic effect on both infected and noninfected A549 cells and exerted protective effects on infected A549 cells. The results of the hemagglutination assay, neuraminidase activity, and qRT-PCR to examine viral load demonstrated that catechin effectively inhibited the replication of the H1N1 influenza virus. The virulent M2 protein and viral nucleoprotein were also inhibited after treatment with catechin. As for the autophagic markers, the LC3B protein was notably decreased by catechin in a dose-dependent manner, while the amount of autophagic vacuoles in H1N1 influenza virus-infected cells also decreased after catechin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Collectively, the autophagy activated by the H1N1 influenza virus could be reversed after catechin treatment. This study indicates that catechin effectively inhibits H1N1 viral proliferation and thus may be applied as an adjuvant in future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Huey-Ling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Lin YC, Huang CC, Lin MC, Huang ST. Chinese herbal medicine reduces the risk of urinary incontinence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A population-based retrospective cohort study. Int J Urol 2020; 27:415-422. [PMID: 32153068 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of urinary incontinence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS We carried out a retrospective cohort study using the National Health Insurance Research Database. From a cohort of 1 million records between 1996 and 2013, a total of 202 279 patients with newly onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were initially recruited. We matched with propensity score 3967 patients who received Chinese herbal medicine by age, sex, year of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diagnosis, urbanization, comorbidities and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease medications. All participants received follow-up visits until the end of 2013 to record the incidence rate of urinary incontinence. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to assess the association between Chinese herbal medicine use and the risk of urinary incontinence among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. RESULTS The incidence rates of urinary incontinence were 57.33 and 108.15 (per 10 000 person-years) in the Chinese herbal medicine and non-Chinese herbal medicine cohorts, respectively, showing a significantly lower risk of urinary incontinence in Chinese herbal medicine users (aHR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.45-0.69, P < 0.001). The Chinese herbal medicine prescription pattern analysis showed that Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus (Zhebeimu), Semen armeniacae amarum (Kuxingren), Platycodonis radix (Jiegeng), Xiao Qing Long Tang and Ding Chuan Tang constituted the core of Chinese herbal medicine prescriptions applied to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CONCLUSION The use of Chinese herbal medicine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients can reduce their risk of urinary incontinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chun Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lin TH, Chen SI, Su YC, Lin MC, Lin HJ, Huang ST. Conventional Western Treatment Combined With Chinese Herbal Medicine Alleviates the Progressive Risk of Lung Cancer in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:987. [PMID: 31572178 PMCID: PMC6753872 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Lung cancer has high global incidence and mortality rates. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is strongly associated with lung cancer and is an independent risk factor for lung cancer with or without smoking. Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) are used to treat COPD. This study sought to determine whether CHM treatment effectively decreases the incidence of lung cancer in COPD patients receiving conventional Western medical treatment. Methods: Records obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) were used to identify 81,780 adults aged ≥18 years newly diagnosed with COPD in Taiwan between 2000 and 2010. Among them, 11,180 received CHMs after COPD diagnosis and 23,319 did not (non-CHM). After excluding patients with missing basic demographic information, each group consisted of 2,682 patients. Statistical methods analyzed the baseline characteristics for both groups and we performed a Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to examine the incidence of lung cancer. The cumulative incidence of lung cancer in COPD patients with or without CHM treatment was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The association between herbs and formulas was examined by NodeXL to perform a network analysis of CHM. Results: COPD patients using CHM had a lower risk for lung cancer (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] = 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.24–0.53, p < 0.001). Older age was associated with a higher risk of lung cancer: patients aged 40–59 years (aHR = 5.32, 95% CI = 2.19–12.94, p < 0.001) and those aged ≥60 years (aHR = 16.75, 95% CI = 7.54–37.23, p < 0.001) were at significantly greater risk compared with patients aged 18–39 years. CHM use was associated with a trend for a lower cumulative incidence of lung cancer compared with non-CHM use (p < 0.001). Among the 10 most commonly used single herbs and formulas used to decrease the risk of lung cancer in COPD patients, Fritillariae thunbergii was the most commonly used single herb and Xiao Qing Long Tang the most commonly used formula. Conclusion: The findings from this nationwide retrospective cohort study indicate that CHM as adjunctive therapy in COPD treatment regimens may reduce the risk of lung cancer in this vulnerable patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Hui Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-I Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chih Su
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chang CC, Bi KW, Lin HJ, Su YC, Wang WL, Lin CY, Ting CF, Sun MF, Huang ST. Conventional Western Treatment Associated With Chinese Herbal Medicine Ameliorates the Incidence of Head and Neck Cancer Among Patients With Esophageal Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1534735419834353. [PMID: 30866690 PMCID: PMC6419260 DOI: 10.1177/1534735419834353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of advances in medical treatment, the survival of cancer patients is prolonged. In line with the prolonged survival time of cancer the incidence of second primary cancer has increased. There is currently no effective way to prevent the occurrence of secondary primary cancer (SPC). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate whether Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) is correlated with reduced occurrence of second primary cancer (SPC) of head and neck (H&N) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC). METHOD We identified 15,546 patients who were diagnosed with esophageal cancer between Jan 1, 2000, and Dec 31, 2010. The patients with H&N cancer before receiving CHM were excluded. After the selection and matching process, both CHM and non-CHM cohorts each contained 850 individuals. We compared the cumulative incidence of SPC of H&N with or without CHM treatment in patients with EC by the Kaplan-Meier method. NodeXL is used to run a network analysis of CHM to examine the association between herbs and formulas. RESULTS Compared with non-CHM users, CHM-users showed a reduced incidence rate of SPC of H&N among the patients with EC. Reduced cumulative incidence of SPC of H&N among patients with EC was noted in the CHM cohort compared to the non-CHM cohort. The most commonly used single herbs and formulas were associated with reducing SPC occurrence. CONCLUSION We propose that CHM as an adjuvant therapy may prevent the occurrence of SPC of H&N in patients with EC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kuo-Wei Bi
- 2 Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, China
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- 1 China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, China.,3 China Medical University, Taichung, China
| | - Yuan-Chih Su
- 1 China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, China.,3 China Medical University, Taichung, China
| | - Wen-Ling Wang
- 1 China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, China.,3 China Medical University, Taichung, China
| | - Chen-Yuan Lin
- 1 China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, China.,3 China Medical University, Taichung, China
| | - Chun-Fu Ting
- 1 China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, China.,3 China Medical University, Taichung, China
| | - Mao-Feng Sun
- 1 China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, China.,3 China Medical University, Taichung, China
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- 1 China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, China.,3 China Medical University, Taichung, China.,4 China Medical University, Tainan, China
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Chiang KC, Huang ST, Wu RC, Huang SC, Yeh TS, Chen MH, Hsu JT, Chen LW, Kuo SF, Chueh HY, Juang HH, Hung SI, Yeh CN, Pang JHS. Interferon α-inducible protein 27 is an oncogene and highly expressed in cholangiocarcinoma patients with poor survival. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:1893-1905. [PMID: 30881116 PMCID: PMC6400119 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s196485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a devastating disease. Interferon α-inducible protein 27 (IFI27), originally known to involve in innate immunity, is later found to intervene in cell proliferation, leading to inventive studies regarding the role of IFI27 in cancer treatment. We aimed to investigate the role of IFI27 in CCA. Materials and methods Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays, Western blot, gene transfection and knockdown, immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical stains, and xenograft animal model were applied. Results IFI27 knockdown in CCA cells induced cell cycle arrest in S phase, resulting in lower cell proliferative rate in vitro and in vivo. IFI27 knockdown attenuated CCA cell migration and invasion through inhibition of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which was supported by increased E-cadherin and decreased N-cadherin and fibronectin. Filamentous actin level was also reduced. IFI27 knockdown further repressed expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), a strong stimulator of angiogenesis, through downregulation of c-jun and c-fos, which was supported in vitro by the finding that human vascular endothelial cells grew more slowly in conditioned medium of IFI27 knockdown on CCA cells and in vivo by the lower erythropoietin concentration found in the xenografted tumors derived from IFI27 knockdown on CCA cells. In addition, anti-VEGF-A antibody treatment was able to repress CCA cell growth. To the contrary, IFI27 overexpression could increase CCA cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Clinically, higher IFI27 expression was linked to inferior overall survival of CCA patients. Conclusion Our data strongly suggest that IFI27 could be deemed as a potential target for CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung, Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Chiang Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC,
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jun-Te Hsu
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC,
| | - Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Fong Kuo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ho-Yen Chueh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shuen-Iu Hung
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC,
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC, .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkow, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC,
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Lin KL, Lin KJ, Wang PW, Chuang JH, Lin HY, Chen SD, Chuang YC, Huang ST, Tiao MM, Chen JB, Huang PH, Liou CW, Lin TK. Resveratrol provides neuroprotective effects through modulation of mitochondrial dynamics and ERK1/2 regulated autophagy. Free Radic Res 2019; 52:1371-1386. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1489128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lieh Lin
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jung Lin
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Der Chen
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chung Chuang
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Meng Tiao
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Bor Chen
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Huang
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityCollege of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
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Yen JH, Huang HS, Chuang CJ, Huang ST. Activation of dynamin-related protein 1 - dependent mitochondria fragmentation and suppression of osteosarcoma by cryptotanshinone. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:42. [PMID: 30691497 PMCID: PMC6350405 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-1008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Discovering how to regulate mitochondrial function to reduce cancer growth holds great potential for future cancer therapy development. Here we explore the effects of cryptotanshinone (CPT), a natural product derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, on mitochondria of osteosarcoma (OS) both in vitro and in vivo, and further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods Cytotoxicity in the CPT treated OS cells was analyzed by flow cytometry, CCK8, TUNEL assay and colony formation assays. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of CPT on cell cycle of OS cells. Mitochondrial morphology was examined by staining with the mitochondrial membrane potential -sensitive fluorochrome, MitoTracker Red (CMXRos). Immunoblotting, confocal-immunofluorescence staining, co-immunoprecipitation were used to examine the expression and interaction between CPT-mediated Drp1 and Bax. Finally, the synergistic effect of CPT on OS cells was validated using a mouse xenograft tumor model. Results In this study, we found CPT treatment induced S-phase arrest, apoptosis, and mitochondrial fragmentation in OS cells. CPT also effectively activated caspase-dependent apoptosis, which could be blocked by pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Moreover, we herein provide evidence that treatment with CPT resulted in mitochondrial fragmentation, which is mediated by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a key mediator of mitochondrial fission. Pursuing this observation, downregulation of Drp1 via silencing RNA could abrogate the induction of apoptosis and mitochondrial fragmentation induced by CPT. Finally, we demonstrate that CPT induced Drp1, which interacted directly with Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), which contributed to driving Bax translocation from the cytosol to the mitochondria. Conclusions Our findings offer insight into the crosstalk between mitochondrial fragmentation and inhibition of osteosarcoma cell growth in response to CPT. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-1008-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hau Yen
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung Sen Huang
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia Ju Chuang
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Rd, North District, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan. .,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Chen WD, Huang HS, Su YC, Chou SC, Ho WC, Kao MC, Lin HJ, Huang ST. The characteristics and prescription patterns of Chinese herbal medicine in clinical practice for the treatment of anemia. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 57:570-577. [PMID: 30122581 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is frequently applied to patients to improve the symptoms and signs associated with anemia. The aim of this study is to use the claims data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan to analyze CHM prescription patterns and to identify the frequency and combinations of CHM commonly used to treat anemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 41,028 patients were diagnosed with anemia in Taiwan within the defined study period. After randomly equal matching for age and sex, data from 7682 patients characterized as CHM users and non-users were analyzed. Network analyses of the 30 most frequently applied herbs and formulas were used to indicate CHM combinations in patients with anemia. RESULTS Those patients with anemia who were older, office workers, and lived in central areas of Taiwan had higher tendencies toward CHM usage. Based on considerations of comorbidities, anemia patients associated with chronic kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, and hypertensive diseases preferred Western medical management and demonstrated a lesser likelihood of combining treatment with CHM; by contrast, those with coronary artery disease demonstrated a higher tendency for CHM use. Notably, Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Gui-Pi-Tang (GPT) were the most commonly prescribed CHM single herb and formula, respectively. The core prescription pattern consisted of AM, Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM), Angelica sinensis (AS), GPT, and Si-Wu-Tang (SWT), as indicated by the associations and frequency of CHM utilization by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) physicians. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that CHM may be applied as an integral element of treatment for patients with anemia. It also provides insight regarding individual therapy and common clinical practices of TCM physicians in the treatment of anemia. Further research is required to explore potential interactions and possible mechanisms at play with CHM management of anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Di Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sen Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chih Su
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Chieh Chou
- Department of Pharmacy School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chao Ho
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ching Kao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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31
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Huang WT, Tu CY, Wang FY, Huang ST. Literature review of liver injury induced by Tinospora crispa associated with two cases of acute fulminant hepatitis. Complement Ther Med 2018; 42:286-291. [PMID: 30670256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Species of Tinospora are used as herbal remedies for the treatment of various diseases with very few toxic effects having been reported. Tinospora cordifolia (TCF) has been reported to effectively prevent hepatotoxicity. However, there are an increasing number of cases revealing that Tinospora crispa (TCP) might have the negative effect of inducing hepatotoxicity. Because of the similar leaves, people may mistake TCP for TCF, and consume it with the purpose of protecting liver function. OBJECTIVE Find out the misusing level of TCP and TCF and which chemical compound in TCP might induce hepatotoxicity. METHODS We report two cases of acute fulminant hepatitis associated with chronic use of TCP. Given that the two herbs were misidentified in these two reports, we investigated the frequency of erroneous identification by using three keywords ("Guduchi", "Tinospora cordifolia", "Tinospora crispa") to search images from the Google Images database. To further clarify the influence of liver function between TCP and TCF, we searched PubMed (up to 29 July 2018) for relevant publications on clinical trials or case reports. RESULTS Based on web review, over 35 percent of websites failed to accurately identify these two herbs. The different effects on liver function between TCP and TCF were compared through literature review. It indicated that TCF exerted liver protection, TCP had a contrary effect, suggesting its cis-Clerodane-type furano-diterpenoids might be an important factor of inducing hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that people might cause hepatic injury or even death without correctly identifying these two Tinospora species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Te Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yeh Tu
- Department of Chinese Medicine pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fen-Yu Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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32
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Lin YC, Huang WT, Ou SC, Hung HH, Cheng WZ, Lin SS, Lin HJ, Huang ST. Neural network analysis of Chinese herbal medicine prescriptions for patients with colorectal cancer. Complement Ther Med 2018; 42:279-285. [PMID: 30670255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an experiential form of medicine with a history dating back thousands of years. The present study aimed to utilize neural network analysis to examine specific prescriptions for colorectal cancer (CRC) in clinical practice to arrive at the most effective prescription strategy. The study analyzed the data of 261 CRC cases recruited from a total of 141,962 cases of renowned veteran TCM doctors collected from datasets of both the DeepMedic software and TCM cancer treatment books. The DeepMedic software was applied to normalize the symptoms/signs and Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) prescriptions using standardized terminologies. Over 20 percent of CRC patients demonstrated symptoms of poor appetite, fatigue, loose stool, and abdominal pain. By analyzing the prescription patterns of CHM, we found that Atractylodes macrocephala (Bai-zhu) and Poria (Fu-ling) were the most commonly prescribed single herbs identified through analysis of medical records, and supported by the neural network analysis; although there was a slight difference in the sequential order. The study revealed an 81.9% degree of similarity of CHM prescriptions between the medical records and the neural network suggestions. The patterns of nourishing Qi and eliminating dampness were the most common goals of clinical prescriptions, which corresponds with treatments of CRC patients in clinical practice. This is the first study to employ machine learning, specifically neural network analytics to support TCM clinical diagnoses and prescriptions. The DeepMedic software may be used to deliver accurate TCM diagnoses and suggest prescriptions to treat CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Te Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Chen Ou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiu Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wie-Zen Cheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Shing Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Huang KC, Su YC, Sun MF, Huang ST. Chinese Herbal Medicine Improves the Long-Term Survival Rate of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease in Taiwan: A Nationwide Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1117. [PMID: 30327604 PMCID: PMC6174207 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is frequently applied in conjunction with western pharmacotherapy to relieve symptoms in patients with CKD. However, evidence-based research into the effectiveness of CHM use as applied to treat CKD is limited and warrants further investigation. The aim of this study is to assess whether adjunctive treatment with CHM affected survival rate of CKD patients undergoing conventional western medical management. Methods: A total of 14,718 CKD patients, including 6,958 CHM users and 7,760 non-CHM users, were recruited from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000, a sub-dataset of the National Health Insurance Research Database, to conduct this study. Demographic characteristics, including sex, age, job type, residential area, and comorbidity were considered as covariates to adjust the analysis. A network analysis of treatments, including with herbal formulas and single herbs, was performed to investigate the core patterns of CHM use for the treatment of CKD patients. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the survival rate between CHM and non-CHM groups. Results: After matching for sex and age, there were 550 subjects in both the CHM and non-CHM cohorts. Other than presence of diabetes (adjusted OR = 0.57, p < 0.001) and urinary tract infection (adjusted OR = 0.69, p < 0.05), sex, age, job type, area of residence, and other comorbidities indicated no special preference for CHM use among subjects. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SM) and Ji-Sheng-Shen-Qi-Wan (JSSQW) were the most frequent single herb and formula, respectively, prescribed for patients with CKD. The most frequent CHM combination between herbs and formulas was JSSQW, associated with Rheum officinale Baill. (RO), SM and Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge (AM). The long-term survival rate demonstrated significant benefits for CHM users within a 12-year follow-up period (P < 0.004). Conclusion: This nationwide retrospective cohort study provides valuable insight into the characteristics and prescription patterns of CHM usage in CKD patients. JSSQW associated with RO, SM, and AM is the most common CHM prescription. CHM improves long-term survival in patients with CKD, suggesting that CHM is an effective adjuvant therapy for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chin Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chih Su
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Feng Sun
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Huang ST, Chang CC, Pang JHS, Huang HS, Chou SC, Kao MC, You HL. Drynaria fortunei Promoted Angiogenesis Associated With Modified MMP-2/TIMP-2 Balance and Activation of VEGF Ligand/Receptors Expression. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:979. [PMID: 30298000 PMCID: PMC6160574 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose:Drynaria fortunei J. Sm (D. fortunei), known as Gu-Sui-Bu, is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat common injuries, including bone fractures and bruising. The specific functional mechanisms of the angiogenic and endothelial cell migration properties of D. fortunei are currently unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study is to validate the potential angiogenic and cellular migration properties and related mechanisms by D. fortunei both in vivo and in vitro. Experimental Approach: The present study investigates, both in vivo and in vitro, the wound healing effects of D. fortunei as associated with angiogenesis, specifically by the modulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ligand/receptors. In order to determine the potential angiogenic effects of D. fortunei, in vivo neovascularization of chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) assay, and directed in vivo angiogenesis assay (DIVVA) were performed, while in vitro scratch wound healing, migration, and matrix-induced tube formation assays were performed by using human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, we used qPCR to analyze the gene expressions and Western blot to observe protein expressions of MMP-2, MMP-14, TIMP-2, RECK, and VEGF/VEGFRs. Results: This study identified five major compounds from the water extract of D. fortunei: protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 5,7-dihydroxychromone-7-O-rutinoside, neoeriocitrin, and naringin. D. fortunei was confirmed to activate in vivo angiogenesis by CAM and DIVVA assays. D. fortunei further exhibited in vitro angiogenic effects associated with cell migration, as demonstrated by the tube formation assay, transwell migration assay, and scratch wound healing assay. The extracellular MMP-2 activity was found to be dose-dependently augmented both in vitro and in vivo by D. fortunei. The mRNA and protein expressions of MMP-2, and MMP-14 were increased; while the tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), and reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) were both decreased. Furthermore, D. fortunei activated the gene and protein expressions of VEGF-A, -B, and VEGFR-2, -3. Conclusion:D. fortunei increased MMP-2 activity, thereby stimulating angiogenesis and cell migration, both in vivo and in vitro, as a result of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 balance modulation and the activation of VEGF/VEGFRs expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sen Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Chieh Chou
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ching Kao
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Ling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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You HL, Huang CC, Chen CJ, Chang CC, Liao PL, Huang ST. Anti-pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus potential of catechin and gallic acid. J Chin Med Assoc 2018; 81:458-468. [PMID: 29287704 PMCID: PMC7105043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus has spread worldwide and infected a large proportion of the human population. Discovery of new and effective drugs for the treatment of influenza is a crucial issue for the global medical community. According to our previous study, TSL-1, a fraction of the aqueous extract from the tender leaf of Toonasinensis, has demonstrated antiviral activities against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) through the down-regulation of adhesion molecules and chemokine to prevent viral attachment. METHODS The aim of the present study was to identify the active compounds in TSL-1 which exert anti-influenza A (H1N1) virus effects. XTT assay was used to detect the cell viability. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effect on the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus was analyzed by observing plaque formation, qRT-PCR, neuraminidase activity, and immunofluorescence staining of influenza A-specific glycoprotein. RESULTS Both catechin and gallic acid were found to be potent inhibitors in terms of influenza virus mRNA replication and MDCK plaque formation. Additionally, both compounds inhibited neuraminidase activities and viral glycoprotein. The 50% effective inhibition concentration (EC50) of catechin and gallic acid for the influenza A (H1N1) virus were 18.4 μg/mL and 2.6 μg/mL, respectively; whereas the 50% cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) of catechin and gallic acid were >100 μg/mL and 22.1 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the selectivity indexes (SI) of catechin and gallic acid were >5.6 and 22.1, respectively. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that catechin might be a safe reagent for long-term use to prevent influenza A (H1N1) virus infection; whereas gallic acid might be a sensitive reagent to inhibit influenza virus infection. We conclude that these two phyto-chemicals in TSL-1 are responsible for exerting anti-pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Ling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Chun Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Jen Chen
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chin Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Lin Liao
- Division of Pediatric Surgery and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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Lee LW, Lin HJ, Huang ST. Management of IFN-beta-induced flu-like symptoms with Chinese herbal medicine in a patient with multiple sclerosis: A case report. Complement Ther Med 2018; 36:123-128. [PMID: 29458918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this case report was to elucidate how Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) was used safely in this patient undergoing interferon beta (IFNβ-1a) treatment and was associated with reduction in the side effects the patient had experienced when using IFNβ-1a treatment alone. CLINICAL FEATURES AND OUTCOME A 30-year-old man was diagnosed with MS in December 2014. For two years, he suffered from severe flu-like symptoms as side effects of IFNβ-1a treatment. He subsequently received treatment with Chinese herbal medicine. During a two-month period of treatment with CHM, the patient responded well, with most of the symptoms induced by IFNβ-1a ameliorated. The fever subsided. Incidence rates of dizziness and headaches were reduced. The health condition compared to the prior year increased by 50%. According to CCMQ and SF-36 assessments, CHM had the beneficial effects of recovering the yin-yang balance, harmonizing the qi, and regulating the blood state; essentially, improving the patient's comfort level and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS IFNβ-1a injections will damage qi and cause blood stasis in MS patients, thereby causing various side effects and weakening the body's immune system. Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, associated with Salvia miltiorrhiza, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Angelica dahurica and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., is an effective prescription to ameliorate such symptoms and signs in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Lee
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lai HC, Lin HJ, Huang ST. Chinese herbal medicine to treat urolithiasis in a patient with right flank pain and hematuria: A case report. Complement Ther Med 2018; 36:118-122. [PMID: 29458917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Urolithiasis is a common medical condition affecting the urinary tract. Typical symptoms reported by patients include colic pain and hematuria. Some patients may undergo surgical intervention or lithotripsy to remove the stones. In this case, we demonstrated that Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) was an effective modality to remove stones in a patient with urolithiasis. CLINICAL FEATURES AND OUTCOME A 47-year-old man suffered from right flank pain and hematuria for three months and was diagnosed with an upper third ureteral stone obstruction with right hydronephrosis. He had received extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) three times before his first CHM visit, but it was unsuccessful. Therefore, he sought CHM for further intervention. His symptoms subsided, and the image study showed complete removal of the ureteral stone after regular therapy with Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan () combined with Lygodii spora (), Curcumae radix (), Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli (), Lysimachiae herba (), Orthosiphon stamineus () for approximately four months. Neither complications nor side-effects were noted during the CHM treatment. CONCLUSIONS In this case, we concluded that CHM may be an effective alternative therapy for the treatment of ureteral stones, and furthermore, may also be applied as an option to salvage failed ESWL procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lin TH, Yen HR, Chiang JH, Sun MF, Chang HH, Huang ST. The use of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjuvant therapy to reduce incidence of chronic hepatitis in colon cancer patients: A Taiwanese population-based cohort study. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 202:225-233. [PMID: 28330722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE There is a decided lack of in-depth studies to evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) as an adjuvant therapy on the incidence of chronic hepatitis in patients with colon cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to assess whether CHM treatment decreased the incidence of chronic hepatitis in colon cancer patients who received conventional Western medical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Taiwanese nationwide population-based study of colon cancer patients receiving Western medicine treatment in conjunction with CHM treatment, using data provided by the National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database, was conducted. A total of 61676 patients were diagnosed with colon cancer in Taiwan within the defined study period, from 1997 to 2010. After randomly equal matching for age, sex, excluding patients younger than 18 years of age, chronic hepatitis before colon cancer diagnosis date, receiving acupuncture and/or moxibustion and taking CHM for less than 30 days, data from 155 patients were analyzed. Hazard ratios of incidence rate of chronic hepatitis were used to determine the influence of CHM and the therapeutic potential of herbal products in treating patients with colon cancer. RESULTS CHM used for patients with colon cancer exhibited significantly decreased incidence rates of chronic hepatitis [hazard ratio (HR)=0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI):0.38-0.74], with multivariate adjustment, compared to those without CHM use. The protective effect of CHM treatment with statistical significance across the stratification of age, gender, co-morbidity and treatment modality was noted. The cumulative incidence of chronic hepatitis was also reduced in patients with colon cancer receiving CHM treatment during a five-year period. In this study, we provide the ten most used single herbs and herbal formulas that were prescribed for patients with colon cancer; moreover, we identify the eight single herbs and five formulas used in CHM treatment which significantly decreased incidence of chronic hepatitis among colon cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS This nationwide retrospective cohort study determined that therapy using CHM as an adjuvant modality may have a significant impact on liver protection in patients with colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Hui Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Mao-Feng Sun
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Hen-Hong Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC.
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Liu CT, Bi KW, Huang CC, Wu HT, Ho HY, S Pang JH, Huang ST. Davallia bilabiata exhibits anti-angiogenic effect with modified MMP-2/TIMP-2 secretion and inhibited VEGF ligand/receptors expression in vascular endothelial cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 196:213-224. [PMID: 27993633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Davallia bilabiata Hosokawa (D. bilabiata), also called GuSuiBu, is popularly used as a substitute for Drynaria fortunei J. Sm for rheumatoid and degenerative arthritis in traditional Chinese medicine. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms of anti-angiogenesis responsible for arthritis in D. bilabiata which needs to be elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study is intended to investigate the anti-angiogenic effect of D. bilabiata associated with the modulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and down regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ligand/receptors both in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the potential anti-angiogenic effect of D. bilabiata by the in vivo neovascularization of chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAM) assay, and the in vitro migration and matrix-induced tube formation assay using human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). The expressions of MMP-2, TIMP-2, RECK and VEGF/VEGFR were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR or Western blot method. RESULTS One major compound from water extract of D. bilabiata was identified as Epicatechin 3-O-β-D-allopyranoside. D. bilabiata was confirmed to inhibit in vivo angiogenesis by CAM assay. D. bilabiata also exhibited in vitro anti-angiogenic and anti-regrowth effects as demonstrated by tube formation assay, transwell migration assay and wound healing assay. The mRNA expressions of MMP-2, and MMP-14 were decreased. On the contrary, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) were increased by D. bilabiata. The extracellular MMP-2 activity was found to be reduced both in vitro and in vivo by D. bilabiata as determined by gelatin zymography. Results from western blot analysis and ELISA further demonstrated the decrease of MMP-2 and increase of TIMP-2 secretion after D. bilabiata treatment. The gene expressions of VEGF-A, -B, -C, -D and VEGFR-1, -2, -3 were all inhibited by D. bilabiata. CONCLUSION We concluded that the anti-angiogenic effect of D. bilabiata was associated with the decreased MMP-2 activity mediated by the upregulation of TIMP-2 and RECK, and the suppression of VEGF/VEGFRs expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Bi
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chun Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ya Ho
- Jen Li Biotech Company Ltd., Taiping District, Taichung 41143, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan,Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Tang WR, Yang SH, Yu CT, Wang CC, Huang ST, Huang TH, Chiang MC, Chang YC. Long-Term Effectiveness of Combined Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine on the Prognosis of Patients with Lung Cancer. J Altern Complement Med 2016; 22:212-22. [PMID: 26986673 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2015.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aim was to compare the long-term effect of Western medicine and combined treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western medicine on the prognosis (survival rate, symptom distress, physical function, and quality of life) of patients with lung cancer. DESIGN Longitudinal study. SETTING/LOCATION Two medical centers, one each in Northern and Southern Taiwan. PATIENTS Patients newly diagnosed with lung cancer and treated with Western medicine (n = 54) or TCM plus Western medicine (n = 30). OUTCOME MEASURES Symptom distress, physical function, and quality of life were measured by using the Symptom Distress Scale, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-Performance Status Rating, and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC13), respectively. Data on these measures were collected at baseline (before treatment) and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after starting treatment. Survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier curves. Group differences in outcomes were analyzed by generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Treatment groups did not differ significantly at baseline for demographic information; disease severity; symptom distress; or EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13 scores, except for pain and dyspnea. After adjustment for these baseline effects, the combined-treatment group had better physical function and role function than the Western medicine group at 6 months (p < 0.05). The combined treatment group had better cumulative survival, but this difference did not reach significance. CONCLUSIONS To more precisely estimate the long-term effectiveness of combined treatment on the prognosis of patients with lung cancer, future studies should standardize the number of TCM visits; increase the number of participants by continuous recruitment; and ask patients to complete daily logs with single-item measures of outcomes, such as symptom distress, quality of life, and physical function. Similar studies are suggested in patients with different cancers to develop a collaborative model using Western medicine and TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woung-Ru Tang
- 1 School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sien-Hung Yang
- 2 Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China .,3 School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Teng Yu
- 4 Department of Lung Cancer & Interventional Bronchoscope, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chin-Chou Wang
- 5 Department of Chest Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- 3 School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China .,6 Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Hsin Huang
- 7 Department of Nursing, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Chu Chiang
- 8 Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yue-Cune Chang
- 9 Department of Mathematics, Tamkang University , Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Huang ST, Huang CC, Sheen JM, Lin TK, Liao PL, Huang WL, Wang PW, Liou CW, Chuang JH. Phyllanthus urinaria’s Inhibition of Human Osteosarcoma Xenografts Growth in Mice is Associated with Modulation of Mitochondrial Fission/Fusion Machinery. Am J Chin Med 2016; 44:1507-1523. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer arising from primitive transformed cells of mesenchymal origin to form malignant osteoid. Phyllanthus urinaria [Formula: see text]P. urinaria[Formula: see text] is a widely used folk medicine in cancer treatment, however the mechanism of P. urinaria inhibited human osteosarcoma is unclear. The present study was aimed at investigating the antitumoral effects of an aqueous P. urinaria on human osteosarcoma in vivo and the related underlying mechanisms, mainly focusing on mitochondrial dynamic dysfunction. Our results showed that oral administration of P. urinaria to mice led to significant inhibition of tumor development without substantial changes to body weight or major organs. Histological examinations with H&E, Giemsa, and Masson trichrome stains confirmed inhibition of tumor growth by the P. urinaria treatment. Immunohistochemical staining of proliferation markers antigen KI-67 (Ki67) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), as well as a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay demonstrated a decrease of tumor proliferation and an increase of apoptosis, which was associated with the modulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family activating the caspase cascade in the P. urinaria-treated mice. The neovascularization marker cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) was inhibited in P. urinaria-treated xenografts, implicating the potential anti-angiogenic effect of P. urinaria. P. urinaria treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the mitochondrial fusion proteins, including mitofusin 1/2 (Mfn1/2) and optic atrophy type 1 (Opa1), as well as an increase in the fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). The results of this study suggest mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with dynamic change that is involved in the apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis elicited by P. urinaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chun Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Ming Sheen
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- Department of Neurology and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Liao
- Department of Neurology and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Liang Huang
- Department of Neurology and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Department of Neurology and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Division of Pediatric Surgery and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Suo LD, Yang F, Zhai LJ, Wang ZZ, Wang HH, Gao S, Huang ST, Xu Y, Pang XH, Lu L. [Evaluation of economic burden of varicella and cost benefit of different immunization strategies of varicella vaccine in Beijing]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 50:830-833. [PMID: 27655607 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L D Suo
- Institute For Immunization and Prevetion, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
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Liou CW, Chuang JH, Chen JB, Tiao MM, Wang PW, Huang ST, Huang TL, Lee WC, Weng SW, Huang PH, Chen SD, Chen RS, Lu CS, Lin TK. Mitochondrial DNA variants as genetic risk factors for Parkinson disease. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:1289-300. [PMID: 27160373 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Investigation of the relationship between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and Parkinson disease (PD) remains an issue awaiting more supportive evidence. Moreover, an affirming cellular model study is also lacking. METHODS The index mtDNA variants and their defining mitochondrial haplogroup were determined in 725 PD patients and 744 non-PD controls. Full-length mtDNA sequences were also conducted in 110 cases harboring various haplogroups. Cybrid cellular models, composed by fusion of mitochondria-depleted rho-zero cells and donor mitochondria, were used for a rotenone-induced PD simulation study. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that subjects harboring the mitochondrial haplogroup B5 have resistance against PD (odds ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.32-0.78; P = 0.002). Furthermore, a composite mtDNA variant group consisting of A10398G and G8584A at the coding region was found to have resistance against PD (odds ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.33-0.78; P = 0.001). In cellular studies, B4 and B5 cybrids were selected according to their higher resistance to rotenone, in comparison with cybrids harboring other haplogroups. The B5 cybrid, containing G8584A/A10398G variants, showed more resistance to rotenone than the B4 cybrid not harboring these variants. This is supported by findings of low reactive oxygen species generation and a low apoptosis rate in the B5 cybrid, whereas a higher expression of autophagy was observed in the B4 cybrid particularly under medium dosage and longer treatment time with rotenone. CONCLUSIONS Our studies, offering positive results from clinical investigations and cybrid experiments, provide data supporting the role of variant mtDNA in the risk of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Liou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - J H Chuang
- Department of Pediatrics Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - J B Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - M M Tiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - P W Wang
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S T Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T L Huang
- Department of Psychiatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - W C Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S W Weng
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - P H Huang
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S D Chen
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - R S Chen
- Section of Movement Disorder, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - C S Lu
- Section of Movement Disorder, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - T K Lin
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chang HN, Huang ST, Yeh YC, Wang HS, Wang TH, Wu YH, Pang JHS. Indigo naturalis and its component tryptanthrin exert anti-angiogenic effect by arresting cell cycle and inhibiting Akt and FAK signaling in human vascular endothelial cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 174:474-81. [PMID: 26341616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Indigo naturalis has been used to treat inflammatory diseases and dermatosis, including psoriasis, since thousands of years in China. It has been proven effective in our previous clinical studies on treating psoriasis, but the active component and the mechanism of how indigo naturalis working still needs to be clarified. Since the dysregulated angiogenesis is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, the anti-angiogenic effect of indigo naturalis and tryptanthrin, a pure component of indigo naturalis, was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vivo angiogenesis was studied by chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. The in vitro studies were performed using human vascular endothelial cells. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution was revealed by flow cytometry. The cellular messenger (m)RNA or protein expression level was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR or Western blot, respectively. Transwell filter migration assay and matrix gel-induced tube formation method were applied to examine the angiogenic potential. RESULTS Indigo naturalis significantly inhibited the in vivo vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis, as well as tryptanthrin. In vitro studies confirmed that indigo naturalis and tryptanthrin reduced the number of viable vascular endothelial cells. Tryptanthrin resulted in a cell cycle arrest and dose-dependently decreased the expressions of cyclin A, cyclin B, cyclin dependent kinase(CDK) 1 and 2, but not cyclin D and cyclin E, at both the mRNA and protein levels. The migration and tube formation of vascular endothelial cells were significantly inhibited by tryptanthrin in a dose-dependent manner. Result also showed that tryptanthrin could reduce the phosphorylated levels of both protein kinase B (PKB or Akt) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). CONCLUSIONS All together, these results demonstrated the anti-angiogenic effect of tryptanthrin, the acting component of indigo naturalis and revealed the underlying mechanism by inhibiting the cell cycle progression, cell migration and tube formation, likely mediated through blocking the Akt and FAK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ning Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Shih Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Hao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC; Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hong Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC.
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Lin HY, Liou CW, Chen SD, Hsu TY, Chuang JH, Wang PW, Huang ST, Tiao MM, Chen JB, Lin TK, Chuang YC. Mitochondrial transfer from Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells to mitochondria-defective cells recaptures impaired mitochondrial function. Mitochondrion 2015; 22:31-44. [PMID: 25746175 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-conducted mitochondrial transfer has been recently shown to rescue cellular bioenergetics and prevent cell death caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Wharton's jelly-derived MSCs (WJMSCs) harvested from postpartum umbilical cords are an accessible and abundant source of stem cells. This study aimed to determine the capability of WJMSCs to transfer their own mitochondria and rescue impaired oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and bioenergetics caused by mitochondrial DNA defects. To do this, WJMSCs were co-cultured with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-depleted ρ(0) cells and the recapture of mitochondrial function was evaluated. WJMSCs were shown to be capable of transferring their own mitochondria into ρ(0) cells and underwent interorganellar mixture within these cells. Permissive culture media (BrdU-containing and pyruvate- and uridine-free) sieved out a survival cell population from the co-cultured WJMSCs (BrdU-sensitive) and ρ(0) cells (pyruvate/uridine-free). The survival cells had mtDNA identical to that of WJMSCs, whereas they expressed cellular markers identical to that of ρ(0) cells. Importantly, these ρ(0)-plus -WJMSC-mtDNA (ρ(+W)) cells recovered the expression of mtDNA-encoded proteins and exhibited functional oxygen consumption and respiratory control, as well as the activity of electron transport chain (ETC) complexes I, II, III and IV. In addition, ETC complex V-inhibitor-sensitive ATP production and metabolic shifting were also recovered. Furthermore, cellular behaviors including attachment-free proliferation, aerobic viability and OXPHOS-reliant cellular motility were also regained after mitochondrial transfer by WJMSCs. The therapeutic effect of WJMSCs-derived mitochondrial transfer was able to stably sustain for at least 45 passages. In conclusion, this study suggests that WJMSCs may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for diseases linked to mitochondrial dysfunction through the donation of healthy mitochondria to cells with genetic mitochondrial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yu Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Center for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Der Chen
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Center for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Te-Yao Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Meng Tiao
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Bor Chen
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Department of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Chung Chuang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; Center for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Yang RC, Chang CC, Sheen JM, Wu HT, Pang JHS, Huang ST. Davallia bilabiata Inhibits TNF-α-Induced Adhesion Molecules and Chemokines by Suppressing IKK/NF-kappa B Pathway in Vascular Endothelial Cells. Am J Chin Med 2014; 42:1411-29. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1450089x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Davallia bilabiata (D. bilabiata) is also called GuSuiBu in Taiwan and is used as a substitute for Drynaria fortunei J. Sm. It is often used for trauma and bone repair. The inhibitory effect of D. bilabiata on inflammatory activity has not been reported. In the present study, we aimed to study the mechanism of anti-inflammation of D. bilabiata on the adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelial cells. The results showed that D. bilabiata, at concentrations without cytotoxic effect, inhibited the adhesion of monocytes (THP-1) to the TNF-α-stimulated human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). D. bilabiata suppressed the expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM, VCAM, and E-selectin at both the mRNA and protein level. In addition, both of the TNF-α-induced mRNA and protein expression of chemokines including fractalkine/CX3CL1, MCP-1 and RANTES as well as the level of secreted soluble fractalkine were decreased by D. bilabiata. We also verified that D. bilabiata inhibited the TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB through the inhibitory process on the TNF-α-activated phosphorylation of IKKα, IKKβ, IκB and NF-κB. All together, we concluded that the D. bilabiata affected the canonical pathway of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and down-regulated cell adhesion molecules and chemokine expression through inhibition of the NF-κB/IκBα/IKK signaling pathway. These findings strongly indicated that D. bilabiata might be a promising alternative/adjunct treatment for inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Chi Yang
- Chinese Herbal Pharmacy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chieh Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jer-Ming Sheen
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jong-Hwei S. Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
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Chen XF, Huang ST, Zhu WF. Cost-Effectiveness of the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases of Xiyanping Injection : A Systematic Review. Value Health 2014; 17:A779. [PMID: 27202889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X F Chen
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - S T Huang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - W F Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Tsai MY, Liu CT, Chang CC, Chen SY, Huang ST. Overview of the Relevant Literature on the Possible Role of Acupuncture in Treating Male Sexual Dysfunction. Acupunct Med 2014; 32:406-10. [DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective To systematically review scientific reports on the effectiveness of acupuncture to treat male sexual dysfunction. Methods The Medline database was searched for published clinical trials of acupuncture for erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE) with English abstracts. Risk of bias was assessed for randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Results Seven studies on two conditions of male sexual dysfunction met the inclusion criteria. Three out of four RCTs were patient-blinded, but all had a high risk of bias. Three suggested that acupuncture has a therapeutic effect as compared with sham acupuncture. Comparisons with paroxetine were inconsistent. Other uncontrolled studies and case series suggested satisfactory improvements of ED and PE after acupuncture. Conclusions Acupuncture appears to have promise for treating male sexual dysfunction, but in view of the small number of studies and their variable quality, doubts remain about its effectiveness. Further studies are justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yen Tsai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Huang ST, Bi KW, Kuo HM, Lin TK, Liao PL, Wang PW, Chuang JH, Liou CW. Phyllanthus urinaria induces mitochondrial dysfunction in human osteosarcoma 143B cells associated with modulation of mitochondrial fission/fusion proteins. Mitochondrion 2014; 17:22-33. [PMID: 24836433 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Phyllanthus urinaria (P. urinaria), a widely used herbal medicine, has been reported to possess various biological characteristics including anti-inflammation, anti-virus, anti-bacteria, anti-hepatotoxicity and anti-cancer. This study provides molecular evidence associated with the dynamics and organization of mitochondria in osteosarcoma 143B cells resulted from P urinaria. Herein, P. urinaria-induced cytotoxicity and ROS associated with the inhibition of mitochondrial membrane potential were reversed by N-acetylcysteine (NAC). The endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) were activated by P. urinaria, but not correlated to catalase. P. urinaria decreased mitochondrial respiration activity as well as respiratory chain enzymes and HIF-1α in osteosarcoma 143B cells. Additionally, both adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase activation and ATP production were suppressed by P. urinaria. We further investigated changes of mitochondrial dynamic in osteosarcoma 143B cells. P. urinaria indeed fragmented the mitochondrial network of osteosarcoma 143B cells. We found a significant decrease in optic atrophy type 1 (Opa1) and mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) related to fusion proteins as well as increase mitochondrial fission 1 protein (Fis1) related to fission protein. It indicated that P. urinaria modulated the mitochondrial dynamics via fusion and fission machinery. Altogether, this study offers the evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction with dynamic change is essential components for the anti-cancer mechanism elicited by P. urinaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Wei Bi
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- Department of Neurology and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Division of Pediatric Surgery and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Division of Pediatric Surgery and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Department of Neurology and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Chang CC, Chu CF, Wang CN, Wu HT, Bi KW, Pang JHS, Huang ST. The anti-atherosclerotic effect of tanshinone IIA is associated with the inhibition of TNF-α-induced VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and CX3CL1 expression. Phytomedicine 2014; 21:207-216. [PMID: 24157079 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA is one of the major diterpenes in Salvia miltiorrhiza. The inhibitory effect of Tanshinone IIA on atherosclerosis has been reported, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. The present study aimed to study the anti-atherosclerosis effect of Tanshinone IIA on the adhesion of monocytes to vascular endothelial cells and related mechanism. Results showed that Tanshinone IIA, at the concentrations without cytotoxic effect, dose-dependently inhibited the adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to the TNF-α-stimulated human vascular endothelial cells. The expressions of cell adhesion molecules including VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin were induced by TNF-α in HUVECs at both the mRNA and protein levels. The mRNA and protein expressions of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, but not E-selectin, were both significantly suppressed by Tanshinone IIA in a dose dependent manner. In addition, the TNF-α-induced mRNA expression of fractalkine/CX3CL1 and the level of soluble fractalkine were both reduced by Tanshinone IIA. We also found that Tanshinone IIA significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB which was resulted from the inhibitory effect of Tanshinone IIA on the TNF-α-activated phosphorylation of IKKα, IKKβ, IκB and NF-κB. As one of the major components of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Tanshinone IIA alone exerted more potent effect on inhibiting the adhesion of monocytes to vascular endothelial cells when compared with Salvia miltiorrhiza. All together, these results demonstrate a novel underlying mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effect of Tanshinone IIA by modulating TNF-α-induced expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and fractalkine through inhibition of TNF-α-induced activation of IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway in human vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chen-Fu Chu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Nin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Wei Bi
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
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