1
|
Mestiri S, El-Ella DMA, Fernandes Q, Bedhiafi T, Almoghrabi S, Akbar S, Inchakalody V, Assami L, Anwar S, Uddin S, Gul ARZ, Al-Muftah M, Merhi M, Raza A, Dermime S. The dynamic role of immune checkpoint molecules in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of head and neck cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116095. [PMID: 38183744 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer type, accounting for approximately 277,597 deaths worldwide. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) agents targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a treatment regimen for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Studies have reported the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors as targeted therapeutic regimens that unleash the immune response against HNSCC tumors. However, the overall response rates to immunotherapy vary between 14-32% in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC, with clinical response and treatment success being unpredictable. Keeping this perspective in mind, it is imperative to understand the role of T cells, natural killer cells, and antigen-presenting cells in modulating the immune response to immunotherapy. In lieu of this, these immune molecules could serve as prognostic and predictive biomarkers to facilitate longitudinal monitoring and understanding of treatment dynamics. These immune biomarkers could pave the path for personalized monitoring and management of HNSCC. In this review, we aim to provide updated immunological insight on the mechanism of action, expression, and the clinical application of immune cells' stimulatory and inhibitory molecules as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in HNC. The review is focused mainly on CD27 and CD137 (members of the TNF-receptor superfamily), natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4 or OX40), S100 proteins, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). It also highlights the importance of T, natural killer, and antigen-presenting cells as robust biomarker tools for understanding immune checkpoint inhibitor-based treatment dynamics. Though a comprehensive review, all aspects of the immune molecules could not be covered as they were beyond the scope of the review; Further review articles can cover other aspects to bridge the knowledge gap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Mestiri
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dina Moustafa Abo El-Ella
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Queenie Fernandes
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Takwa Bedhiafi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salam Almoghrabi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shayista Akbar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varghese Inchakalody
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Laila Assami
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaheena Anwar
- Department of Biosciences, Salim Habib University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Rehman Zar Gul
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mariam Al-Muftah
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Centre, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Afsheen Raza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen H, Shi X, Ren L, Wan Y, Zhuo H, Zeng L, SangDan W, Wang F. Screening of core genes and prediction of ceRNA regulation mechanism of circRNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by bioinformatics analysis. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1610960. [PMID: 37056700 PMCID: PMC10086187 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1610960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) represents a highly aggressive malignant tumor. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) regulation is a common regulatory mechanism in tumors. The ceRNA network links the functions between mRNAs and ncRNAs, thus playing an important regulatory role in diseases. This study screened the potential key genes in NPC and predicted regulatory mechanisms using bioinformatics analysis.Methods: The merged microarray data of three NPC-related mRNA expression microarrays from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the expression data of tumor samples or normal samples from the nasopharynx and tonsil in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were both subjected to differential analysis and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). The results from two different databases were intersected with WGCNA results to obtain potential regulatory genes in NPC, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses. The hub-gene in candidate genes was discerned through Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analysis and its upstream regulatory mechanism was predicted by miRwalk and circbank databases.Results: Totally 68 upregulated genes and 96 downregulated genes in NPC were screened through GEO and TCGA. According to WGCNA, the NPC-related modules were screened from GEO and TCGA analysis results, and the genes in the modules were obtained. After the results of differential analysis and WGCNA were intersected, 74 differentially expressed candidate genes associated with NPC were discerned. Finally, fibronectin 1 (FN1) was identified as a hub-gene in NPC. Prediction of upstream regulatory mechanisms of FN1 suggested that FN1 may be regulated by ceRNA mechanisms involving multiple circRNAs, thereby influencing NPC progression through ceRNA regulation.Conclusion: FN1 is identified as a key regulator in NPC development and is likely to be regulated by numerous circRNA-mediated ceRNA mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HongMin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - XiaoXiao Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - YuMing Wan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - HongYu Zhuo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - WangMu SangDan
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
RAGE Inhibitors for Targeted Therapy of Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010266. [PMID: 36613714 PMCID: PMC9820344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin family that is overexpressed in several cancers. RAGE is highly expressed in the lung, and its expression increases proportionally at the site of inflammation. This receptor can bind a variety of ligands, including advanced glycation end products, high mobility group box 1, S100 proteins, adhesion molecules, complement components, advanced lipoxidation end products, lipopolysaccharides, and other molecules that mediate cellular responses related to acute and chronic inflammation. RAGE serves as an important node for the initiation and stimulation of cell stress and growth signaling mechanisms that promote carcinogenesis, tumor propagation, and metastatic potential. In this review, we discuss different aspects of RAGE and its prominent ligands implicated in cancer pathogenesis and describe current findings that provide insights into the significant role played by RAGE in cancer. Cancer development can be hindered by inhibiting the interaction of RAGE with its ligands, and this could provide an effective strategy for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang H, Mao X, Ye L, Cheng H, Dai X. The Role of the S100 Protein Family in Glioma. J Cancer 2022; 13:3022-3030. [PMID: 36046652 PMCID: PMC9414020 DOI: 10.7150/jca.73365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The S100 protein family consists of 25 members and share a common structure defined in part by the Ca2+ binding EF-hand motif. Multiple members' dysregulated expression is associated with progression, diagnosis and prognosis in a broad range of diseases, especially in tumors. They could exert wide range of functions both in intracellular and extracellular, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell motility, enzyme activities, immune responses, cytoskeleton dynamics, Ca2+ homeostasis and angiogenesis. Gliomas are the most prevalent primary tumors of the brain and spinal cord with multiple subtypes that are diagnosed and classified based on histopathology. Up to now the role of several S100 proteins in gliomas have been explored. S100A8, S100A9 and S100B were highly expression in serum and may present as a marker correlated with survival and prognosis of glioma patients. Individual member was confirmed as a new regulator of glioma stem cells (GSCs) and a mediator of mesenchymal transition in glioblastoma (GBM). Additionally, several members up- or downregulation have been reported to involve in the development of glioma by interacting with signaling pathways and target proteins. Here we detail S100 proteins that are associated with glioma, and discuss their potential effects on progression, diagnosis and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xiang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xingliang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schmid F, Dahlmann M, Röhrich H, Kobelt D, Hoffmann J, Burock S, Walther W, Stein U. Calcium-binding protein S100P is a new target gene of MACC1, drives colorectal cancer metastasis and serves as a prognostic biomarker. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:675-685. [PMID: 35597866 PMCID: PMC9381557 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The metastasis inducing gene MACC1 is a prognostic and predictive biomarker for metastasis in several cancers. Its mechanism of inducing metastasis includes the transcriptional control of other cancer-related target genes. Here, we investigate the interplay with the metastasis driver S100P in CRC progression. Methods MACC1-dependent S100P expression was analysed by qRT-PCR. The binding of MACC1 to the S100P promoter was determined by ChIP. Alterations in cell proliferation and motility were determined by functional in vitro assays. In vivo metastasis after intrasplenic transplantation was assessed by bioluminescence imaging and evaluation of tumour growth and liver metastasis. The prognostic value of S100P was determined in CRC patients by ROC-based Kaplan–Meier analyses. Results Expression of S100P and MACC1 correlated positively in CRC cells and colorectal tumours. MACC1 was found binding to the S100P promoter and induces its expression. The overexpression of S100P increased proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and significantly induced liver metastasis in vivo. S100P expression was significantly elevated in metachronously metastasising CRC and was associated with shorter metastasis-free survival. Conclusions We identified S100P as a transcriptional target gene of MACC1. Expression of S100P increases the metastatic potential of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo, and serves as a prognostic biomarker for metastasis-free survival of CRC patients, emphasising novel therapeutic interventions targeting S100P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felicitas Schmid
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Dahlmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Röhrich
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Kobelt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology Berlin-Buch GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susen Burock
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Invalidenstraße 80, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Walther
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Stein
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou H, Pan Y, Yang W, Zhao C, Sun X, Hong B, Jin X, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Liu N, Zhang S, Zhu H. S100P promotes trophoblast syncytialization during early placenta development by regulating YAP1. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:860261. [PMID: 36187124 PMCID: PMC9515983 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.860261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a severe complication of pregnancy that is caused by genetic abnormalities, immune dysfunction, aberrant cell biology, and tissue structure destruction. Among which, placental dysfunction is crucial in the pathogenetic progression of RPL. Although some regulatory factors associated with RPL have been reported, the placental changes correlated with RPL still need to be elucidated. Here, we found that a portion of RPL patients presented with low serum and placental S100P expression. Using a human trophoblast stem cell model, we demonstrated that S100P was exclusively expressed in syncytiotrophoblast (ST)-like syncytia (ST(2D)-TSCT) and that loss of S100P expression in ST(2D)-TSCT cells impaired β-hCG secretion, leading to syncytialization failure during early placental development. Moreover, we found that S100P is involved in regulating trophoblast syncytialization by downregulating the protein level of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), which plays a pivotal role in maintaining trophoblast stemness. Together, our findings suggest that S100P plays an essential role in regulating trophoblast syncytialization during early placental development in humans via YAP1. Additionally, lower serum S100P levels may predict poor pregnancy outcomes and represent a potentially useful marker for evaluating placental biological function during early pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanjing Zhou
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibin Pan
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Yang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenqiong Zhao
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohe Sun
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binbin Hong
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Jin
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tai Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinli Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Liu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Zhu, ; Songying Zhang,
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Zhu, ; Songying Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang C, Wang X, Han A, Wang Y, Jiang H. Proof-of-concept study investigating the role of S100P-RAGE in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:470. [PMID: 33767765 PMCID: PMC7976439 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial carcinoma that arises from the lining of the nasopharyngeal mucosa. The efficacy of radiation therapy is limited due to radiation resistance, particularly in the advanced stages of NPC. The S100P protein is a small isoform of the S100 protein family, which is involved in the regulation of various intracellular and extracellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation and intracellular signaling. The aim of the current study was to investigate the significance of the S100P-RAGE axis in NPC progression. The expression levels of S100P and receptor for activated glycation end-products (RAGE) in NPC specimens were determined by western blotting. In addition, the effect of the S100P-RAGE axis on NPC was evaluated in vitro by proliferation and migration assays using C666-1 cells treated with S100P or the RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1. The underlying mechanism was also investigated by western blotting. The expression of S100P and RAGE was detected in clinical specimens from 15 patients with NPC and 15 patients with benign nasopharyngeal inflammation, and was observed to be higher in NPC tissues compared with inflamed tissues. Furthermore, the interaction of S100P with RAGE increased the proliferation and migration potential of C666-1 cells, and activated mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB signaling. These results indicate that the S100P-RAGE axis exerts a promoting effect on the progression of NPC. Therefore therapeutic strategies targeting S100P-RAGE merit further exploration for the treatment of NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Xueqiao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Angxuan Han
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ella-Tongwiis P, Makanga A, Shergill I, Fôn Hughes S. Optimisation and validation of immunohistochemistry protocols for cancer research. Histol Histopathol 2021; 36:415-424. [PMID: 33616195 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become a valuable laboratory technique for diagnosing, evaluating metastasis and informing treatment selection in several cancers. Standardization however remains a limiting factor in IHC. The main aim of this research study was to optimise, validate and standardize antibodies and IHC protocols for cancer research. METHODS Seven monoclonal mouse and rabbit antibodies were optimised using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) human tissue blocks. 4um sections of FFPE block were stained using the Roche Ventana XT or Ventana ULTRA IHC automated analysers. This study modified manufacturer recommended protocols by using a unique antigen retrieval method, adding an amplification step, varying primary antibody incubation times, as well as using the Roche Ventana Ultraview detection system. RESULTS Optimum antibody localisation was observed in modified IHC protocols in comparison with manufacturer recommended protocols for anti-CEACAM-1, anti-CD31, anti-COX-2, anti-HER-2/neu, anti-S100P, anti-thrombomodulin and anti-VEGFR-3. Majority of antibodies required more than one modification of the initial protocol. For anti-VEGFR-3 optimum staining was observed following 4 protocol modifications. CONCLUSIONS This study has optimised and standardized several tissue-based biomarkers that may be, in the future, used to screen, diagnose and monitor patients with certain cancer, such as bladder cancer. Accurate data on optimised protocols reduce time and resources wasted on experimental protocols, and ultimately help identify biomarkers or biomarker panels, which may be used to select treatment regimens for various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ella-Tongwiis
- North Wales and North West Urological Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB) Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK.,North Wales Clinical Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB) Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK.,Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Wrexham Glyndwr University, Wrexham, UK
| | - Alexander Makanga
- North Wales Clinical Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB) Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK.,Department of Histopathology, BCUHB Glan Clwyd Hospital, Denbighshire, Wales, UK
| | - Iqbal Shergill
- North Wales and North West Urological Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB) Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK.,North Wales Clinical Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB) Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK.,Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Wrexham Glyndwr University, Wrexham, UK.,The Alan de Bolla Department of Urology, BCUHB Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK
| | - Stephen Fôn Hughes
- North Wales Clinical Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB) Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK.,Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Wrexham Glyndwr University, Wrexham, UK.,North Wales and North West Urological Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB) Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ella-Tongwiis P, Lamb RM, Makanga A, Shergill I, Hughes SF. The role of antibody expression and their association with bladder cancer recurrence: a single-centre prospective clinical-pilot study in 35 patients. BMC Urol 2020; 20:187. [PMID: 33238953 PMCID: PMC7690172 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00759-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common cancer in the UK, with about 10,000 new cases annually. About 75-85% of BC are non-muscle invasive (NMIBC), which is associated with high recurrence and progression rates (50-60% within 7-10 years). There are no routine biomarkers currently available for identifying BC patients at increased risk of developing recurrence. The focus of this research study was to evaluate antibody expression in BC patients and their association with cancer recurrence. METHODS 35 patients scheduled for TURBT were recruited after written informed consent. Ethical approval for the project was granted via IRAS (REC4: 14/WA/0033). Following surgical procedure, tissues were preserved in 10% buffered formalin and processed within 24 h in FFPE blocks. 7 sections (4 µm each) were cut from each block and stained for CD31, Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), S100P, Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), VEGFR-3 thrombomodulin and CEACAM-1 using immunohistochemistry. Clinical outcome measures (obtained via cystoscopy) were monitored for up to 6 months following surgical procedure. RESULTS There was significantly increased expression of CD31 (p < 0.001), HER-2 (p = 0.032), S100P (p < 0.001), COX-2 (p < 0.001), VEGFR-3 (p < 0.001) and decreased expression of thrombomodulin (p = 0.010) and CEACAM-1 (p < 0.001) in bladder tumours compared to normal bladder tissues. HER-2 expression was also significantly associated with cancer grade (p = 0.003), especially between grade 1 and grade 2 (p = 0.002) and between grade 1 and grade 3 (p = 0.004). There was also a significant association between cancer stage and HER-2 expression (p < 0.001). Although recurrence was significantly associated with cancer grade, there was no association with antibody expression. CONCLUSION Findings from the present study may indicate an alternative approach in the monitoring and management of patients with BC. It is proposed that by allowing urological surgeons access to laboratory markers such as HER-2, Thrombomodulin and CD31 (biomarker profile), potentially, in the future, these biomarkers may be used in addition to, or in combination with, currently used scoring systems to predict cancer recurrence. However, verification and validation of these biomarkers are needed using larger cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ella-Tongwiis
- North Wales Clinical Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB), Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK.,Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Wrexham Glyndwr University, Wrexham, UK
| | - Rebecca May Lamb
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Chester, Chester, UK
| | - Alexander Makanga
- Department of Histopathology, Ysbyty Glan Clwd, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB), Wrexham, UK
| | - Iqbal Shergill
- North Wales Clinical Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB), Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK.,Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Wrexham Glyndwr University, Wrexham, UK.,Department of Urology, BCUHB Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK
| | - Stephen Fôn Hughes
- North Wales Clinical Research Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB), Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK. .,Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Wrexham Glyndwr University, Wrexham, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is an immunoglobulin-like receptor present on cell surface. RAGE binds to an array of structurally diverse ligands, acts as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) and is expressed on cells of different origin performing different functions. RAGE ligation leads to the initiation of a cascade of signaling events and is implicated in diseases, such as inflammation, cancer, diabetes, vascular dysfunctions, retinopathy, and neurodegenerative diseases. Because of the significant involvement of RAGE in the progression of numerous diseases, RAGE signaling has been targeted through use of inhibitors and anti-RAGE antibodies as a treatment strategy and therapy. Here in this review, we have summarized the physical and physiological aspects of RAGE biology in mammalian system and the importance of targeting this molecule in the treatment of various RAGE mediated pathologies. Highlights Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a member of immunoglobulin superfamily of receptors and involved in many pathophysiological conditions. RAGE ligation with its ligands leads to initiation of distinct signaling cascades and activation of numerous transcription factors. Targeting RAGE signaling through inhibitors and anti-RAGE antibodies can be promising treatment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Jangde
- Laboratory of Vascular Immunology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Rashmi Ray
- Laboratory of Vascular Immunology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Vivek Rai
- Laboratory of Vascular Immunology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang D, Chen X, Xia H, Wang L, Zhao H, Xu B, Zhang A, Zhang W. Promotion of the occurrence of endometrioid carcinoma by S100 calcium binding protein P. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:845. [PMID: 32883230 PMCID: PMC7650527 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial cancer, one of the most common malignant tumors, is a serious threat to women’s health. Endometrial hyperplasia is a precursor of endometrial cancer. S100 calcium binding protein P (S100P) has been found to play important roles in many types of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of S100P in endometrial cancer and its precursor lesions, and to explore the possible mechanisms. Methods We collected paraffin sections of normal endometrium, simple and complex non-atypical hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, and endometrioid carcinoma. The expression of S100P in endometrial cancer and its precancerous lesions was observed using immunohistochemistry. We also cultured primary endometrial cells and endometrial cancer cell lines (Ishikawa and RL95–2), and observed the expression of S100P in these cells. Laser confocal microscopy was used to observe the co-localization of S100P and its interacting protein Ezrin in RL95–2 cells. We employed lentiviruses to knockdown and overexpress S100P and then detected the F-actin distribution and cell invasion using phalloidin staining and Transwell assays. Results There was a gradual increase in the S100P signal as the disease progressed from normal endometrium and simple non-atypical hyperplasia, to complex non-atypical hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, and then to endometrial cancer. S100P was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm and co-localized with Ezrin in endometrial cancer cells. After knocking down S100P, F-actin aggregated in the nucleus or to the local cell membrane. Furthermore, knockdown of S100P in Ishikawa cells decreased their cell invasion capability. Meanwhile, S100P overexpression in endometrial stromal cells increased cell invasion. Conclusions These data suggested that S100P might be involved in the occurrence and development of endometrial cancer via interaction with Ezrin and re-organization of F-actin to promote cell invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Postal address: 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiuying Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Postal address: 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hexia Xia
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Postal address: 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Postal address: 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Postal address: 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Bufang Xu
- Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Postal address: 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jiang H, Xu S, Chen C. A ten-gene signature-based risk assessment model predicts the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:782. [PMID: 32819300 PMCID: PMC7439715 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07235-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major cause of cancer death. Therefore, identifying potential prognostic risk factors is critical to improve the survival of patients with LUAD. Methods Here, relevant datasets were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Univariate Cox analysis, LASSO regression analysis and multivariate Cox analysis were conducted on the DEGs combined with TCGA clinical data, and finally a risk assessment model based on 10 feature genes was constructed. Results The prognosis of patients was evaluated after the patients were grouped based on the median risk score and the results showed that the survival time of patients in the high-risk group was significantly shorter than that in the low-risk group. ROC analysis showed that the AUC values of the 1, 3, 5-year survival were 0.753, 0.724, and 0.73, respectively, indicating that the model was precise in predicting the prognosis, which was also verified in the external dataset GSE72094. In addition, a significant correlation was found between the risk score and the clinical stages of LUAD, that is, a later stage always corresponded to a higher risk score. Then, we performed survival analysis on the 10 feature genes independently in the TCGA-LUAD dataset through the GEPIA database, finding that the high expression of 6 genes (COL5A2, PLEK2, BAIAP2L2, S100P, ZIC2, SFXN1) was associated with the poor prognosis of LUAD patients. Conclusion To sum, this study established a 10-gene risk assessment model and further evaluated its value in predicting LUAD prognosis, which provided a new method for the prognosis prediction of LUAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanliang Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 Eastern Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
El-Far AH, Sroga G, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA. Role and Mechanisms of RAGE-Ligand Complexes and RAGE-Inhibitors in Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103613. [PMID: 32443845 PMCID: PMC7279268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions of the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) and its ligands in the context of their role in diabetes mellitus, inflammation, and carcinogenesis have been extensively investigated. This review focuses on the role of RAGE-ligands and anti-RAGE drugs capable of controlling cancer progression. Different studies have demonstrated interaction of RAGE with a diverse range of acidic (negatively charged) ligands such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), high-mobility group box1 (HMGB1), and S100s, and their importance to cancer progression. Some RAGE-ligands displayed effects on anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins through upregulation of the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways, while downregulating p53 in cancer progression. In addition, RAGE may undergo ligand-driven multimodal dimerization or oligomerization mediated through self-association of some of its subunits. We conclude our review by proposing possible future lines of study that could result in control of cancer progression through RAGE inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali H. El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Grazyna Sroga
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY (RPI), Troy, NY 12180, USA;
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zeng Y, Wang S, Feng M, Shao Z, Yuan J, Shen Z, Jie W. [Quantitative proteomics and differential signal enrichment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells with or without SETD2 gene knockout]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:1191-1199. [PMID: 31801714 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.10.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of alterations in the expressions of methyltransferase SETD2 on protein expression profiles in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and enrich the differential signaling pathways. METHODS The total protein was extracted from SETD2-knockout cell line CNE1SETD2-KO and the wild-type cell line CNE1WT, and the differentially expressed proteins were screened by tandem mass tag (TMT) labeled protein quantification technique and tandem mass spectrometry. GO analysis was used to annotate and enrich the differentially expressed proteins, and the KEGG database was used to enrich and analyze the pathways of the differential proteins. RESULTS With a fold change (FC)≥1.2 and P < 0.05 as the screening standard, 2049 differentially expressed proteins were identified in CNE1SETD2-KO cells, among which 904 were up-regulated and 1145 were down-regulated. GO functional annotation results indicated that SETD2 knockout caused characteristic changes in multiple biological processes (cell processes and regulation, cell movement, metabolic processes, and biosynthesis of cellular components), molecular functions (catalytic activity and molecular binding, transcription factor activity), and cellular components (cell membrane, organelle, macromolecular complex). KEGG analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins were involved in an array of signaling pathways closely related to tumors, including MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Ras, Rap1, mTOR, Hippo, HIF-1, Wnt, AMPK, FoxO, ErbB, P53 and JAK-STAT. CONCLUSIONS SETD2 knockout significantly changes the protein expression characteristics of NPC cells and affects a number of signal pathways closely related to tumors. The results provide evidence for investigation of the pathogenesis and therapeutic target screening of NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Sisi Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Muyin Feng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Zhongming Shao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Jianling Yuan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Zhihua Shen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Wei Jie
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Heizmann CW. S100 proteins: Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in laboratory medicine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1197-1206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
16
|
Heizmann CW. Ca 2+-Binding Proteins of the EF-Hand Superfamily: Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Targets. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1929:157-186. [PMID: 30710273 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9030-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A multitude of Ca2+-sensor proteins containing the specific Ca2+-binding motif (helix-loop-helix, called EF-hand) are of major clinical relevance in a many human diseases. Measurements of troponin, the first intracellular Ca-sensor protein to be discovered, is nowadays the "gold standard" in the diagnosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Mutations have been identified in calmodulin and linked to inherited ventricular tachycardia and in patients affected by severe cardiac arrhythmias. Parvalbumin, when introduced into the diseased heart by gene therapy to increase contraction and relaxation speed, is considered to be a novel therapeutic strategy to combat heart failure. S100 proteins, the largest subgroup with the EF-hand protein family, are closely associated with cardiovascular diseases, various types of cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune pathologies. The intention of this review is to summarize the clinical importance of this protein family and their use as biomarkers and potential drug targets, which could help to improve the diagnosis of human diseases and identification of more selective therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claus W Heizmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Overexpression of CD44 Variant 9: A Novel Cancer Stem Cell Marker in Human Cholangiocarcinoma in Relation to Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:4867234. [PMID: 30402042 PMCID: PMC6198546 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4867234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Various CD44 isoforms are expressed in several cancer stem cells during tumor progression and metastasis. In particular, CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9) is highly expressed in chronic inflammation-induced cancer. We investigated the expression of CD44v9 and assessed whether CD44v9 is a selective biomarker of human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). The expression profile of CD44v9 was evaluated in human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini-related CCA (OV-CCA) tissues, human CCA (independent of OV infection, non-OV-CCA) tissues, and normal liver tissues. CD44v9 overexpression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in CCA tissues. There was a higher level of CD44v9 expression and IHC score in OV-CCA tissues than in non-OV-CCA tissues, and there was no CD44v9 staining in the bile duct cells of normal liver tissues. In addition, we observed significantly higher expression of inflammation-related markers, such as S100P and COX-2, in OV-CCA tissues compared to that in non-OV and normal liver tissues. Thus, these findings suggest that CD44v9 may be a novel candidate CCA stem cell marker and may be related to inflammation-associated cancer development.
Collapse
|
18
|
Kikuchi K, McNamara KM, Miki Y, Iwabuchi E, Kanai A, Miyashita M, Ishida T, Sasano H. S100P and Ezrin promote trans-endothelial migration of triple negative breast cancer cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 42:67-80. [PMID: 30244410 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients generally have an adverse clinical outcome because their tumors often recur and metastasize to distant sites in the first 3 years after surgery. Therefore, it has become pivotal to identify potential factors associated with metastasis. Here, we focused on the effects of S100P and Ezrin on the trans-endothelial migration (TEM) of TNBC cells, as they have both been suggested to play a role in this process in other malignancies. METHODS The expression of S100P and Ezrin was examined by immunohistochemistry in 58 primary TNBC samples. The mRNA and protein levels of S100P and Ezrin were assessed in breast cancer-derived cell lines using qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Proliferation and migration assays were performed using TNBC-derived MFM-223 and SUM-185-PE cells transfected with S100P and Ezrin siRNAs. Two different timeframes were employed for TEM assays using TNBC-derived cells and human umbilical vein endothelial-derived cells, respectively. Correlations between the status of EzrinThr-567 expression and various clinicopathological features were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We found that S100P and Ezrin double negative TNBC cases were significantly associated with a better disease-free survival. We also found that single and double siRNA-mediated knockdown of S100P and Ezrin in TNBC-derived cells significantly inhibited their TEM and destabilized the intercellular junctions of endothelial cells. In addition, we found that EzrinThr-567 immunoreactivity significantly correlated with vascular invasion in TNBC patients. CONCLUSIONS From our data we conclude that S100P, Ezrin and EzrinThr-567 are involved in the trans-endothelial migration of TNBC cells and that they may serve as potential targets in TNBC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Kikuchi
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keely May McNamara
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miki
- Department of Disaster Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Erina Iwabuchi
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ayako Kanai
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Minoru Miyashita
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takanori Ishida
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|