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Shareef U, Altaf A, Ahmed M, Akhtar N, Almuhayawi MS, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Abdelgawad MA, Nagshabandi MK. A comprehensive review of discovery and development of drugs discovered from 2020-2022. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101913. [PMID: 38204591 PMCID: PMC10777120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To fully evaluate and define the new drug molecule for its pharmacological characteristics and toxicity profile, pre-clinical and clinical studies are conducted as part of the drug research and development process. The average time required for all drug development processes to finish various regulatory evaluations ranges from 11.4 to 13.5 years, and the expense of drug development is rising quickly. The development in the discovery of newer novel treatments is, however, largely due to the growing need for new medications. Methods to identify Hits and discovery of lead compounds along with pre-clinical studies have advanced, and one example is the introduction of computer-aided drug design (CADD), which has greatly shortened the time needed for the drug to go through the drug discovery phases. The pharmaceutical industry will hopefully be able to address the present and future issues and will continue to produce novel molecular entities (NMEs) to satisfy the expanding unmet medical requirements of the patients as the success rate of the drug development processes is increasing. Several heterocyclic moieties have been developed and tested against many targets and proved to be very effective. In-depth discussion of the drug design approaches of newly found drugs from 2020 to 2022, including their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles and in-vitro and in-vivo assessments, is the main goal of this review. Considering the many stages these drugs are going through in their clinical trials, this investigation is especially pertinent. It should be noted that synthetic strategies are not discussed in this review; instead, they will be in a future publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Shareef
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Altaf
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Ahmed
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 43600, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K. Nagshabandi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
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Almuhayawi MS, Alruhaili MH, Gattan HS, Alharbi MT, Nagshabandi MK, Almehayawi MS, Jaouni SKA, Selim S, Alqahtani FS, El-Saadony MT, Alagawany M. Evaluation of antimicrobial effect of olive leaves powder and its role in improving the broiler productivity, carcass traits, blood metabolites, and caecal microbiota. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103054. [PMID: 37729677 PMCID: PMC10514443 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity (in vitro study) of olive leaves powder (OLP) and its role in improving the broiler productivity, carcass criteria, blood indices, and antioxidant activity. A total of 270 one-day-old broiler chickens were distributed into 6 treatment groups as follows: the first group: basal diet without any supplementation, while the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth groups: basal diet supplemented with 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 (µg/g), respectively. The in vitro study showed that the OLP has good antibacterial activity in the concentration-dependent matter; OLP 175 µg/mL inhibited the tested bacteria in the zones range of (0.8-4 cm), Klebsiella Pneumonaie (KP) was the most resistant bacteria to OLP concentration. The antioxidant activity of OLP increased with increasing the concentration of OLP compared to ascorbic acid, where OLP 175 µg/mL scavenged 91% of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals compared to 93% scavenging activity of ascorbic acid. Broiler chickens fed diets with OLP had significantly (P < 0.05) higher body weight (BW) and body weight growth (BWG) than the control birds. The treatment with OLP significantly reduced the feed intake (FI) and feed conversion rate (FCR) when compared to control. Groups supplemented with OLP showed decreased abdominal fat deposition and a significant increase in the net carcass and breast muscle weight. OLP improved birds' blood parameters in comparison with control birds. All pathogenic bacterial numbers in caecal samples were decreased with elevating OLP levels, but the cecal Lactobacillus bacterial count was increased. In conclusion, OLP supplementation improved broiler chickens' performance, carcass traits, and blood parameters. Moreover, OLP improved birds' liver functions (reduced Alanine transaminase [ALT] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST] levels) in comparison with control. In addition, OLP promoted the antioxidant status, minimized the harmful microbial load, and increased beneficial bacterial count in the cecal contents of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed H Alruhaili
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hattan S Gattan
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohanned Talal Alharbi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K Nagshabandi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mutasem Saad Almehayawi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah S Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Agriculture Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Hashem AH, Saied E, Ali OM, Selim S, Al Jaouni SK, Elkady FM, El-Sayyad GS. Pomegranate Peel Extract Stabilized Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesis: Promising Antimicrobial Potential, Antioxidant Activity, Biocompatibility, and Hemocompatibility. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:5753-5776. [PMID: 36705842 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) had been synthesized by pomegranate peel extract (PPE). The antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of the synthesized Se NPs, as well as their hemocompatibility, were investigated. Se NPs were characterized by UV-Vis., SEM, XRD, HR-TEM, DLS, EDX, FTIR, and mapping techniques. HR-TEM image represented the spheroidal forms with moderately monodispersed NPs with a mean diameter 14.5 nm. The SEM image of Se NPs, incorporated with PPE, exhibits uniform NP surfaces, and the appearance was clear. The antimicrobial results confirmed the potential of Se NPs to hinder the growth of some tested pathogenic microbes. Results revealed that Se NPs exhibited promising antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus mutans where inhibition zones were 29, 16, 41, 22, and 54 mm, respectively. Likewise, it exhibited antifungal activity where the values of inhibition zones were 41, 40, 38, and 36 mm against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and A. niger, respectively. The antioxidant activities of Se NPs at concentrations 250-4000 µg/mL were greater than 90% in all cases. Se NP concentrations of 500 µg/mL or less are safe in usage according to hemocompatibility study. Se NPs had an IC50 of 113.73 µg/mL in a cytotoxicity experiment. Results revealed that Se NPs have promising anticancer activities against MCF7 and Mg63 cancerous cell line, where IC50 was 69.8 and 47.9 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, Se NPs were successfully biosynthesized using PPE for the first time; these Se NPs had promising antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ebrahim Saied
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar M Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Turabah Branch, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathy M Elkady
- Microbiologu and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt.
- Drug Microbiology Lab., Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
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Albqmi M, Selim S, Yaghoubi Khanghahi M, Crecchio C, Al-Sanea MM, Alnusaire TS, Almuhayawi MS, Al Jaouni SK, Hussein S, Warrad M, AbdElgawad H. Chromium(VI) Toxicity and Active Tolerance Mechanisms of Wheat Plant Treated with Plant Growth-Promoting Actinobacteria and Olive Solid Waste. ACS Omega 2023; 8:32458-32467. [PMID: 37720762 PMCID: PMC10500566 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the potential of plant growth-promoting Actinobacteria and olive solid waste (OSW) in ameliorating some biochemical and molecular parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants under the toxicity of high chromium levels in the soil. With this aim, a pot experiment was conducted, where the wheat plants were treated with a consortium of four Actinobacterium sp. (Bf treatment) and/or OSW (4% w/w) under two levels of nonstress and chromium stress [400 mg Cr(VI) per kg of soil] to estimate the photosynthetic traits, antioxidant protection machine, and detoxification activity. Both Bf and OSW treatments improved the levels of chlorophyll a (+47-98%), carotenoid (+324-566%), stomatal conductance (+17-18%), chlorophyll fluorescence (+12-28%), and photorespiratory metabolism (including +44-72% in glycolate oxidase activity, +6-72% in hydroxypyruvate reductase activity, and +5-44% in a glycine to serine ratio) in leaves of stressed plants as compared to those in the stressed control, which resulted in higher photosynthesis capacity (+18-40%) in chromium-stressed plants. These results were associated with an enhancement in the content of antioxidant metabolites (+10-117%), of direct reactive oxygen species-detoxifying enzymes (+49-94%), and of enzymatic (+40-261%) and nonenzymatic (+17-175%) components of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in Bf- and OSW-treated plants under stress. Moreover, increments in the content of phytochelatins (+38-74%) and metallothioneins (+29-41%), as markers of detoxification activity, were recorded in the plants treated with Bf and OSW under chromium toxicity. In conclusion, this study revealed that the application of beneficial Actinobacteria and OSW as biofertilization/supplementation could represent a worthwhile consequence in improving dry matter production and enhancing plant tolerance and adaptability to chromium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mha Albqmi
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia
- Olive
Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Yaghoubi Khanghahi
- Department
of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University
of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Carmine Crecchio
- Department
of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University
of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghreed S. Alnusaire
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department
of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department
of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of
Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Department
of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf
University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Warrad
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences
at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al-Quriat 77425, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
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El-Saadony MT, Saad AM, Yang T, Salem HM, Korma SA, Ahmed AE, Mosa WFA, Abd El-Mageed TA, Selim S, Al Jaouni SK, Zaghloul RA, Abd El-Hack ME, El-Tarabily KA, Ibrahim SA. Avian campylobacteriosis, prevalence, sources, hazards, antibiotic resistance, poultry meat contamination, and control measures: a comprehensive review. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102786. [PMID: 37454641 PMCID: PMC10371856 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian campylobacteriosis is a vandal infection that poses human health hazards. Campylobacter is usually colonized in the avian gut revealing mild signs in the infected birds, but retail chicken carcasses have high contamination levels of Campylobacter spp. Consequently, the contaminated avian products constitute the main source of human infection with campylobacteriosis and result in severe clinical symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, spasm, and deaths in sensitive cases. Thus, the current review aims to shed light on the prevalence of Campylobacter in broiler chickens, Campylobacter colonization, bird immunity against Campylobacter, sources of poultry infection, antibiotic resistance, poultry meat contamination, human health hazard, and the use of standard antimicrobial technology during the chicken processing of possible control strategies to overcome such problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Sameh A Korma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid F A Mosa
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology), Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Taia A Abd El-Mageed
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed A Zaghloul
- Department Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Qaluybia, 13736, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Salam A Ibrahim
- Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Carver Hall, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411-1064
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Salem HM, Saad AM, Soliman SM, Selim S, Mosa WFA, Ahmed AE, Al Jaouni SK, Almuhayawi MS, Abd El-Hack ME, El-Tarabily KA, El-Saadony MT. Ameliorative avian gut environment and bird productivity through the application of safe antibiotics alternatives: a comprehensive review. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102840. [PMID: 37478510 PMCID: PMC10393590 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The avian digestive tract is an important system for converting ingested food into the nutrients their bodies need for maintenance, growth, and reproduction (meat, table eggs, and fertile eggs). Therefore, preserving digestive system integrity is crucial to bird health and productivity. As an alternative to antibiotics, the world has recently turned to the use of natural products to enhance avian development, intestinal health, and production. Therefore, the primary goal of this review is to explain the various characteristics of the avian digestive tract and how to enhance its performance with natural, safe feed additives such as exogenous enzymes, organic acids, photogenic products, amino acids, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and herbal extracts. In conclusion, the composition of the gut microbiome can be influenced by a number of circumstances, and this has important consequences for the health and productivity of birds. To better understand the connection between pathogens, the variety of therapies available, and the microbiome of the gut, additional research needs to be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Soliman M Soliman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid F A Mosa
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology), Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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Almuhayawi MS, Gattan HS, Alruhaili MH, Alharbi MT, Nagshabandi MK, Tarabulsi MK, Almuhayawi SM, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Alanazi A, Alruwaili Y, Faried OA, Amin I, Elnosary ME. Molecular Profile and the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials Drugs Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Diagnostic Approaches of Otitis Infection. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4397-4408. [PMID: 37431447 PMCID: PMC10329836 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s418685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Otitis externa and otitis media are two types of ear infections that affect people of all ages, although they are more common in newborns and young children. Antibiotic usage, healthcare, and advanced age all play a role in the development of this illness. Methods Fifty-eight patients with various kinds of infections of the ears were voluntary patients attending the outpatient clinics of the Prince Mutaib Bin Abdulaziz Hospital in Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia, examined to evaluate the role of bacteria and the likely significance of plasmids in their antibiotic resistance as ear infectious agents. Results Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most prevalent bacteria found in ear infections. The greatest number of major bacterial isolates were S. aureus (54%), followed by P. aeruginosa (13%), whereas a smaller number of isolates (3%) were from Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis, and Proteus vulgaris, respectively. Mixed growth was noted in 3.4% of instances. The isolation rate for Gram-positive organisms was 72%, while the rate for Gram-negative species was 28%. All the isolates had DNA greater than 14 kilobases. Hind III analysis of the plasmid DNA extracted from the resistant strains of ear infection demonstrated that antibiotic-resistance plasmids were extensively dispersed. Exotoxin A PCR amplification indicated 396 pb PCR-positive DNA for all identified samples, with the exception of three strains for which no band was observed. Patients in the epidemiological study ranged in number, but all were linked together for the purposes of the study because of their shared epidemiological characteristics. Conclusion Vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, rifampin, and daptomycin are all antibiotics that have been shown to be effective against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Microbiological pattern evaluation and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the microorganisms providing empirical antibiotics are becoming increasingly crucial to minimize issues and the development of antibiotic-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hattan S Gattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Alruhaili
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohanned Talal Alharbi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K Nagshabandi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muyassar K Tarabulsi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Almuhayawi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awadh Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Alruwaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Ahmed Faried
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | - Islam Amin
- Central Laboratory, Ismailia General Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Elnosary
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
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8
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Ebada D, Hefnawy HT, Gomaa A, Alghamdi AM, Alharbi AA, Almuhayawi MS, Alharbi MT, Awad A, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Eldeeb GS, Namir M. Characterization of Delonix regia Flowers’ Pigment and Polysaccharides: Evaluating Their Antibacterial, Anticancer, and Antioxidant Activities and Their Application as a Natural Colorant and Sweetener in Beverages. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073243. [PMID: 37050006 PMCID: PMC10096959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the in vitro antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities of Delonix regia, then in vivo evaluate its safety as a natural colorant and sweetener in beverages compared to synthetic colorant and sweetener in rats, then serve the beverages for sensory evaluation. Delonix regia flowers had high protein, polysaccharide, Ca, Na, Mg, K, and Fe contents. The Delonix regia pigment extract (DRPE) polysaccharides were separated and purified by gel permeation chromatography on Sephacryl S-200, characterized by rich polysaccharides (13.6 g/L). The HPLC sugar profile detected the monosaccharides in the extracted polysaccharides, composed of mannose, galactose, glucose, arabinose, and gluconic acid, and the structure of saccharides was confirmed by FTIR, which showed three active groups: carbonyl, hydrocarbon, and hydroxyl. On the other hand, the red pigment constituents of DRPE were detected by HPLC; the main compounds were delphinidin and cyanidin at 15 µg/mL. The DRPE contained a considerable amount (26.33 mg/g) of anthocyanins, phenolic compounds (64.7 mg/g), and flavonoids (10.30 mg/g), thus influencing the antioxidant activity of the DRPE, which scavenged 92% of DPPH free radicals. Additionally, it inhibited the population of pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocyogenes, Salmonella typhimurum, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in the range of 30–90 μg/mL, in addition to inhibiting 85% of pancreatic cancer cell lines. On the in vivo level, the rats that were delivered a diet containing DRPE showed regular liver markers (AST, ALP, and ALT); kidney markers (urea and creatinine); high TP, TA, and GSH; and low MDA, while rats treated with synthetic dye and aspartame showed higher liver and kidney markers; lowered TP, TA, and GSH; and high MDA. After proving the safety of DRPE, it can be safely added to strawberry beverages. Significant sensorial traits, enhanced red color, and taste characterize the strawberry beverages supplemented with DRPE. The lightness and redness of strawberries were enhanced, and the color change ΔE values in DRPE-supplemented beverages ranged from 1.1 to 1.35 compared to 1.69 in controls, indicating the preservative role of DRPE on color. So, including DRPE in food formulation as a natural colorant and sweetener is recommended for preserving health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Ebada
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Hefnawy T. Hefnawy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ayman Gomaa
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Amira M. Alghamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Ali Alharbi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohanned Talal Alharbi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Awad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gehad S. Eldeeb
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41511, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Namir
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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9
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Albqmi M, Selim S, Al-Sanea MM, Alnusaire TS, Almuhayawi MS, Jaouni SKA, Hussein S, Warrad M, Sofy MR, AbdElgawad H. Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite Toxicity. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12051100. [PMID: 36903959 PMCID: PMC10005190 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal such as arsenite (AsIII) is a threat worldwide. Thus, to mitigate AsIII toxicity on plants, we investigated the interactive effect of olive solid waste (OSW) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on wheat plants under AsIII stress. To this end, wheat seeds were grown in soils treated with OSW (4% w/w), AMF-inoculation, and/or AsIII treated soil (100 mg/kg soil). AMF colonization is reduced by AsIII but to a lesser extent under AsIII + OSW. AMF and OSW interactive effects also improved soil fertility and increased wheat plants' growth, particularly under AsIII stress. The interactions between OSW and AMF treatments reduced AsIII-induced H2O2 accumulation. Less H2O2 production consequently reduced AsIII-related oxidative damages i.e., lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) (58%), compared to As stress. This can be explained by the increase in wheat's antioxidant defense system. OSW and AMF increased total antioxidant content, phenol, flavonoids, and α-tocopherol by approximately 34%, 63%, 118%, 232%, and 93%, respectively, compared to As stress. The combined effect also significantly induced anthocyanins accumulation. The combination of OSW+AMF improved antioxidants enzymes activity, where superoxide dismutase (SOD, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were increased by 98%, 121%, 105%, 129%, and 110.29%, respectively, compared to AsIII stress. This can be explained by induced anthocyanin percussors phenylalanine, cinamic acid and naringenin, and biosynthesic enzymes (phenylalanine aminolayse (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS)). Overall, this study suggested the effectiveness of OSW and AMF as a promising approach to mitigate AsIII toxicity on wheat growth, physiology, and biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mha Albqmi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, Al Qurayyat 77447, Saudi Arabia
- Olive Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghreed S. Alnusaire
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Warrad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al-Qurayyat 77425, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud R. Sofy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
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10
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Elfadadny A, Ragab RF, Hamada R, Al Jaouni SK, Fu J, Mousa SA, El-Far AH. Natural bioactive compounds-doxorubicin combinations targeting topoisomerase II-alpha: Anticancer efficacy and safety. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 461:116405. [PMID: 36716865 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, so pursuing effective and safe therapeutics for cancer is a key research objective nowadays. Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the commonly prescribed chemotherapeutic agents that has been used to treat cancer with its antimitotic properties via inhibition of topoisomerase II (TOP2) activity. However, many problems hinder the broad use of DOX in clinical practice, including cardiotoxicity and drug resistance. Research in drug discovery has confirmed that natural bioactive compounds (NBACs) display a wide range of biological activities correlating to anticancer outcomes. The combination of NBACs has been seen to be an ideal candidate that might increase the effectiveness of DOX therapy and decreases its unfavorable adverse consequences. The current review discusses the chemo-modulatory mechanism and the protective effects of combined DOX with NBACs with a binding affinity (pKi) toward TOP2A more than pKi of DOX. This review will also discuss and emphasize the molecular mechanisms to provide a pathway for further studies to reveal other signaling pathways. Taken together, understanding the fundamental mechanisms and implications of combined therapy may provide a practical approach to battling cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elfadadny
- Department of Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Rokaia F Ragab
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Rania Hamada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
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11
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El-Saadony MT, Yang T, Korma SA, Sitohy M, Abd El-Mageed TA, Selim S, Al Jaouni SK, Salem HM, Mahmmod Y, Soliman SM, Mo’men SAA, Mosa WFA, El-Wafai NA, Abou-Aly HE, Sitohy B, Abd El-Hack ME, El-Tarabily KA, Saad AM. Impacts of turmeric and its principal bioactive curcumin on human health: Pharmaceutical, medicinal, and food applications: A comprehensive review. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1040259. [PMID: 36712505 PMCID: PMC9881416 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1040259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The yellow polyphenolic pigment known as curcumin, originating from the rhizome of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa L., has been utilized for ages in ancient medicine, as well as in cooking and food coloring. Recently, the biological activities of turmeric and curcumin have been thoroughly investigated. The studies mainly focused on their antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective impacts. This review seeks to provide an in-depth, detailed discussion of curcumin usage within the food processing industries and its effect on health support and disease prevention. Curcumin's bioavailability, bio-efficacy, and bio-safety characteristics, as well as its side effects and quality standards, are also discussed. Finally, curcumin's multifaceted uses, food appeal enhancement, agro-industrial techniques counteracting its instability and low bioavailability, nanotechnology and focused drug delivery systems to increase its bioavailability, and prospective clinical use tactics are all discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Sameh A. Korma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Sitohy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Taia A. Abd El-Mageed
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba M. Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasser Mahmmod
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Soliman M. Soliman
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A. A. Mo’men
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walid F. A. Mosa
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology), Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nahed A. El-Wafai
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hamed E. Abou-Aly
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Basel Sitohy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Ahmed M. Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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12
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Alruhaili MH, Almuhayawi MS, Gattan HS, Alharbi MT, Nagshabandi MK, Jaouni SKA, Selim S, AbdElgawad H. Insight into the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activities of Amomum subulatum and Amomum xanthioides: an in vitro and in silico study. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1136961. [PMID: 37152127 PMCID: PMC10157186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1136961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Medicinal plants have been considered as potential source of therapeutics or as starting materials in drugs formulation. Methods The current study aims to shed light on the therapeutic potential of the Amomum subulatom and Amomum xanthioides Fruits by analyzing the phytochemical composition of their seeds and fruits using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques to determine the presence of bioactive components such as flavonoids, phenols, vitamins, steroids, and essential oils. Results and Discussion The protein content is usually higher than the total lipids in both species except the fruit of A. subulatum which contain more lipids than proteins. The total protein contents for A. subulatum were 235.03 ± 21.49 and 227.49 ± 25.82 mg/g dry weight while for A. xanthioides were 201.9 ± 37.79 and 294.99 ± 37.93 mg/g dry weight for seeds and fruit, respectively. The Carvacrol levels in A. subulatum is 20 times higher than that in A. xanthioides. Lower levels of α-Thujene, Phyllanderenes, Ascaridole, and Pinocarvone were also observed in both species. According to DPPH (2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) assay, seed the extract of A. subulatum exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (78.26±9.27 %) followed by the seed extract of A. xanthioides (68.21±2.56 %). Similarly, FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assay showed that the highest antioxidant activity was exhibited by the seed extract of the two species; 20.14±1.11 and 21.18±1.04 µmol trolox g-1 DW for A. subulatum and A. xanthioides, respectively. In terms of anti-lipid peroxidation, relatively higher values were obtained for the fruit extract of A. subulatum (6.08±0.35) and the seed extract of A. xanthioides (6.11±0.55). Ethanolic seed extracts of A. subulatum had the highest efficiency against four Gram-negative bacterial species which causes serious human diseases, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium. In addition, P. aeruginosa was also inhibited by the fruit extract of both A. subulatum and A. xanthioides. For the seed extract of A. xanthioides, large inhibition zones were formed against P. vulgaris and the fungus Candida albicans. Finally, we have in silico explored the mode of action of these plants by performing detailed molecular modeling studies and showed that the antimicrobial activities of these plants could be attributed to the high binding affinity of their bioactive compounds to bind to the active sites of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase and the transcriptional regulator MvfR. Conclusion These findings demonstrate the two species extracts possess high biological activities and therapeutical values, which increases their potential value in a number of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H. Alruhaili
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohammed H. Alruhaili, ; Samy Selim, ; Hamada AbdElgawad,
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hattan S. Gattan
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohanned Talal Alharbi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K. Nagshabandi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohammed H. Alruhaili, ; Samy Selim, ; Hamada AbdElgawad,
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mohammed H. Alruhaili, ; Samy Selim, ; Hamada AbdElgawad,
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Almuhayawi MS, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Alkhalifah DHM, Marc RA, Aslam S, Poczai P. Integrated Pangenome Analysis and Pharmacophore Modeling Revealed Potential Novel Inhibitors against Enterobacter xiangfangensis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph192214812. [PMID: 36429532 PMCID: PMC9691136 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Enterobacter xiangfangensis is a novel, multidrug-resistant pathogen belonging to the Enterobacter genus and has the ability to acquire resistance to multiple antibiotic classes. However, there is currently no registered E. xiangfangensis drug on the market that has been shown to be effective. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets and effective treatments for E. xiangfangensis. In the current study, a bacterial pan genome analysis and subtractive proteomics approach was employed to the core proteomes of six strains of E. xiangfangensis using several bioinformatic tools, software, and servers. However, 2611 nonredundant proteins were predicted from the 21,720 core proteins of core proteome. Out of 2611 nonredundant proteins, 372 were obtained from Geptop2.0 as essential proteins. After the subtractive proteomics and subcellular localization analysis, only 133 proteins were found in cytoplasm. All cytoplasmic proteins were examined using BLASTp against the virulence factor database, which classifies 20 therapeutic targets as virulent. Out of these 20, 3 cytoplasmic proteins: ferric iron uptake transcriptional regulator (FUR), UDP-2,3diacylglucosamine diphosphatase (UDP), and lipid-A-disaccharide synthase (lpxB) were chosen as potential drug targets. These drug targets are important for bacterial survival, virulence, and growth and could be used as therapeutic targets. More than 2500 plant chemicals were used to molecularly dock these proteins. Furthermore, the lowest-binding energetic docked compounds were found. The top five hit compounds, Adenine, Mollugin, Xanthohumol C, Sakuranetin, and Toosendanin demonstrated optimum binding against all three target proteins. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations and MM/GBSA analyses validated the stability of ligand-protein complexes and revealed that these compounds could serve as potential E. xiangfangensis replication inhibitors. Consequently, this study marks a significant step forward in the creation of new and powerful drugs against E. xiangfangensis. Future studies should validate these targets experimentally to prove their function in E. xiangfangensis survival and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Hussien M. Alkhalifah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănă ¸stur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sidra Aslam
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
- Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
| | - Peter Poczai
- Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Selim S, Albqmi M, Al-Sanea MM, Alnusaire TS, Almuhayawi MS, AbdElgawad H, Al Jaouni SK, Elkelish A, Hussein S, Warrad M, El-Saadony MT. Valorizing the usage of olive leaves, bioactive compounds, biological activities, and food applications: A comprehensive review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1008349. [PMID: 36424930 PMCID: PMC9678927 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1008349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive oil production is a significant source of economic profit for Mediterranean nations, accounting for around 98 percent of global output. Olive oil usage has increased dramatically in recent years, owing to its organoleptic characteristics and rising knowledge of its health advantages. The culture of olive trees and the manufacture of industrial and table olive oil produces enormous volumes of solid waste and dark liquid effluents, involving olive leaves, pomace, and olive oil mill wastewaters. These by-products cause an economic issue for manufacturers and pose major environmental concerns. As a result, partial reuse, like other agronomical production wastes, is a goal to be achieved. Because these by-products are high in bioactive chemicals, which, if isolated, might denote components with significant added value for the food, cosmetic, and nutraceutical sectors, indeed, they include significant amounts of beneficial organic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, fibers, and phenolic materials, which are distributed differently between the various wastes depending on the olive oil production method and table olive agronomical techniques. However, the extraction and recovery of bioactive materials from chosen by-products is a significant problem of their reasonable value, and rigorous detection and quantification are required. The primary aims of this review in this context are to outline the vital bioactive chemicals in olive by-products, evaluate the main developments in extraction, purification, and identification, and study their uses in food packaging systems and safety problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Olive Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Samy Selim,
| | - Mha Albqmi
- Olive Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, Al Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Warrad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Mohamed T. El-Saadony,
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El-Shanshory M, Hablas NM, El-tahlawi R, Awny S, Aboonq MS, Al Jaouni SK, Abdel-latif TM, Abdel-Gawad AR, Okashah AM, Fakhreldin AR, Baghdadi H, El-Allaf H, Shebel Y, El-Sawy SA, Albeihany A, Mahmoud HS, Sayed AA, Abu-Elnaga MAM, Nabo MMH, El-Dardear A, Abdel-Rahman IM, El Sayed SM, Mahmoud AA. Al-hijamah (the triple S treatment of prophetic medicine) significantly increases CD4/CD8 ratio in thalassemic patients via increasing TAC/MDA ratio: a clinical trial. Am J Blood Res 2022; 12:125-135. [PMID: 36147606 PMCID: PMC9490105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Beta thalassemia is associated with decreased immunity possibly due to iron overload. Al-hijamah (Hijamah) is wet cupping therapy (WCT) of prophetic medicine. Prophet Muhammad Peace be upon him said: "The best among your treatments is Al-hijamah". Al-hijamah is a promising excretory treatment to clear blood of causative pathological substances. Al-hijamah is a three-step technique (skin suction, scarification and suction) i.e. triple S technique). Recently, we introduced Al-hijamah as a novel iron excretion therapy (through pressure-dependent filtration then excretion via the skin dermal capillaries) that significantly decreased serum iron overload and related oxidative stress using a physiological excretory mechanism (Taibah mechanism). Iron overload was reported to impair both humoral immunity and cell mediated immunity in patients with beta thalassemia. In this study, twenty patients having β-thalassemia major (maintained on iron chelation therapy) underwent a single session of Al-hijamah (30-60 minutes) using 4-5 sucking cups only. Another age and sex-matched control group of thalassemic patients received iron chelation therapy only. Al-hijamah enhanced the immunity of thalassemic patients in the form of increased CD4+ T cell count, from 124.10±36.98 to 326.20±57.94 cells/mm3, and an increased CD8+ T cell count from 100.30±36.98 to 272.40±46.37 cells/mm3. CD4/CD8 ratio significantly increased from 1.29 to 1.7 (P<0.001). There was a significant increase of ten times (P<0.001) in serum TAC/MDA ratio (reflects increased antioxidant capacity vs decreased oxidative load and stress) induced by Al-hijamah. After Al-hijamah, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts significantly increased and positively correlated with TAC/MDA ratio (r = 0.246) and (r = 0.190), respectively. Moreover, CD4/CD8 ratio positively correlated with TAC/MDA after Al-hijamah (r = 0.285). In conclusion, Al-hijamah significantly increased CD4/CD8 ratio in thalassemic patients via increasing TAC/MDA ratio. Our study strongly recommends medical practice of Al-hijamah in hospitals for its immune potentiating effects in agreement with the evidence-based Taibah mechanism. Al-hijamah should be generalized for treating other immune-deficiency conditions. Al-hijamah-induced bloody excretion is so minimal and never aggravates the anaemic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Shanshory
- Prophetic Medicine Course and Research, Taibah College of MedicineAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Paediatrics, Tanta University Faculty of MedicineTanta, Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Nahed Mohammed Hablas
- Department of Paediatrics, Tanta University Faculty of MedicineTanta, Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Rehab El-tahlawi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Zagazig Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig UniversityZagazig, Al-Sharkiyah, Egypt
| | - Shereen Awny
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tanta University Faculty of MedicineTanta, Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Moutasem Salih Aboonq
- Department of Physiology, Taibah College of MedicineAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- YAJ Chair for Prophetic Medicine Applications, King Abdul-Aziz College of MedicineJeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Ahmed M Okashah
- Academic Affairs Director and Consultant Clinical Immunologist, Al-Madinah Directorate of Health, Ministry of HealthAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed R Fakhreldin
- Department of Paediatrics, Aswan Faculty of Medicine, Aswan UniversityAswan, Egypt
| | - Hussam Baghdadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan El-Allaf
- Department of Medical Physiology, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag UniversityEgypt
| | - Yasmin Shebel
- Department of Paediatrics, Tanta University Faculty of MedicineTanta, Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Samer A El-Sawy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag UniversityEgypt
| | - Amal Albeihany
- Department of Haematology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anwar A Sayed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa AM Abu-Elnaga
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, College of Medicine, Al-Rayyan CollegesAl-Madinah Al-Munwwarah, Saudia Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, College of Medicine, New Damietta, Al-Azhar UniversityEgypt
| | - Manal Mohamed Helmy Nabo
- Paediatrics Department, Al-Rayyan Medical CollegesAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Paediatrics Department, Sohag Teaching Hospital, Ministry of HealthSohag, Egypt
| | - Amr El-Dardear
- Prophetic Medicine Course and Research, Taibah College of MedicineAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Paediatrics Department, Al-Rayyan Medical CollegesAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Salah Mohamed El Sayed
- Prophetic Medicine Course and Research, Taibah College of MedicineAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag UniversityEgypt
| | - Ahmed Alamir Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag UniversityEgypt
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Sayed-Ahmed ETA, Salah KBH, El-Mekkawy RM, Rabie NA, Ashkan MF, Alamoudi SA, Alruhaili MH, Al Jaouni SK, Almuhayawi MS, Selim S, Saad AM, Namir M. The Preservative Action of Protein Hydrolysates from Legume Seed Waste on Fresh Meat Steak at 4 °C: Limiting Unwanted Microbial and Chemical Fluctuations. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153188. [PMID: 35956703 PMCID: PMC9371118 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Valorizing agricultural wastes to preserve food or to produce functional food is a general trend regarding the global food shortage. Therefore, natural preservatives were developed from the seed waste of the cluster bean and the common bean to extend the shelf life of fresh buffalo meat steak and boost its quality via immersion in high-solubility peptides, cluster bean protein hydrolysate (CBH), and kidney bean protein hydrolysate (RCH). The CBH and the RCH were successfully obtained after 60 min of pepsin hydrolysis with a hydrolysis degree of 27−30%. The SDS-PAGE electropherogram showed that at 60 min of pepsin hydrolysis, the CBH bands disappeared, and RCH (11−48 kD bands) nearly disappeared, assuring the high solubility of the obtained hydrolysates. The CBH and the RCH have considerable antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid, antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms compared to antibiotics, and significant functional properties. The CBH and the RCH (500 µg/mL) successfully scavenged 93 or 89% of DPPH radicals. During the 30-day cold storage (4 °C), the quality of treated and untreated fresh meat steaks was monitored. Protein hydrolysates (500 g/g) inhibited lipid oxidation by 130−153% compared to the control and nisin and eliminated 31−55% of the bacterial load. The CBH and the RCH (500 µg/g) significantly enhanced meat redness (a* values). The protein maintained 80−90% of the steak’s flavor and color (p < 0.05). In addition, it increased the juiciness of the steak. CBH and RCH are ways to valorize wastes that can be safely incorporated into novel foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karima Bel Hadj Salah
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5089, Tunisia
| | - Rasha M. El-Mekkawy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Nourhan A. Rabie
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mada F. Ashkan
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha A. Alamoudi
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H. Alruhaili
- Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Ahmed M. Saad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Mohammad Namir
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Al-Rajhi AMH, Mashraqi A, Al Abboud MA, Shater ARM, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Abdelghany TM. Screening of Bioactive Compounds from Endophytic Marine-Derived Fungi in Saudi Arabia: Antimicrobial and Anticancer Potential. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12081182. [PMID: 36013361 PMCID: PMC9409926 DOI: 10.3390/life12081182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, endophytic fungi represent a rich source of biological active compounds. In the current study, twelve endophytic fungal species were isolated from Avicennia marina leaves. From the isolates, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium rubens and Alternaria alternata recorded the highest isolation frequency (80%), relative density (12.5%) and antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial and anticancer activities of P. rubens were more effective than those of A. niger and A. alternata; therefore, its identification was confirmed via the ITS rRNA gene. Filtrate extracts of P. rubens, A. alternata and A. niger were analyzed using GC-MS and showed different detected constituents, such as acetic acid ethyl ester, N-(4,6-Dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-4-(4-nitrobenzylideneamino) benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid. Filtrate extract of P. rubens exhibited the presence of more compounds than A. alternata and A. niger. Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus were more inhibited by P. rubens extract than A. alternata or A. niger, with inhibition zones of 27.2 mm, 22.21 mm, 26.26 mm, 27.33 mm, 28.25 mm and 8.5 mm, respectively. We observed negligible cytotoxicity of P. rubens extract against normal cells of human lung fibroblasts (WI-38 cell line), unlike A. alternata and A. niger extracts. Proliferation of prostate cancer (PC-3) was inhibited using P. rubens extract, exhibiting mortality levels of 75.91% and 76.2% at 200 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL of the extract. Molecular docking studies against the crystal structures of C. albicans (6TZ6) and the cryo-EM structure of B. subtilis (7CKQ) showed significant interactions with benzenedicarboxylic acid and N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-4-(4-nitrobenzylideneamino) benzenesulfonamide as a constituent of P. rubens extract. N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-4-(4-nitrobenzylideneamino) benzenesulfonamide had the highest scores of −6.04905 kcal/mol and −6.590 kcal/mol towards (6tz6) and (7CKQ), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha M. H. Al-Rajhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.M.H.A.-R.); (S.S.); (T.M.A.)
| | - Abdullah Mashraqi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (M.A.A.A.); (A.-R.M.S.)
| | - Mohamed A. Al Abboud
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (M.A.A.A.); (A.-R.M.S.)
| | - Abdel-Rahman M. Shater
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (M.A.A.A.); (A.-R.M.S.)
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Thamar (Dhamar) University, Dhamar 00967, Yemen
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.M.H.A.-R.); (S.S.); (T.M.A.)
| | - Tarek M. Abdelghany
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.M.H.A.-R.); (S.S.); (T.M.A.)
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18
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El-Far AH, Al Jaouni SK, Li X, Fu J. Cancer metabolism control by natural products: Pyruvate kinase M2 targeting therapeutics. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3181-3201. [PMID: 35794729 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycolysis is the primary source of energy for cancer growth and metastasis. The shift in metabolism from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis is called the Warburg effect. Cancer progression due to aerobic glycolysis is often associated with the activation of oncogenes or the loss of tumor suppressors. Therefore, inhibition of glycolysis is one of the effective strategies in cancer control. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key glycolytic enzyme overexpressed in breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, and liver cancers. Here, we discuss published studies regarding PKM2 inhibitors from natural products that are promising drug candidates for cancer therapy. We have highlighted the potential of natural PKM2 inhibitors for various cancer types. Moreover, we encourage researchers to evaluate the combinational effects between natural and synthetic PKM2 inhibitors. Also, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaotao Li
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,School of Arts and Sciences, New York University-Shanghai, Shanghai, China.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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El-Far AH, Mohamed HH, Elsabagh DA, Mohamed SA, Noreldin AE, Al Jaouni SK, Alsenosy AA. Eugenol and carvacrol attenuate brain D-galactose-induced aging-related oxidative alterations in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:47436-47447. [PMID: 35182345 PMCID: PMC9232455 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging represents the accumulation of progressive changes in a human being over time and can cover physical, psychological, and social changes. It is an oxidative stress-associated process that progresses with age. The antioxidant activity of either eugenol (EU) or carvacrol (CAR) for aging in rats induced by D-gal for 42 days was investigated in the current study using 10 and 20 mg of EU/kg/day/orally, while CAR was supplemented by 40 and 80 mg /kg/day/orally. Biochemical, mRNA expression, and histopathological assessments of brain samples evaluated the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal and the protective role of EU and CAR. Results showed that D-gal was causing oxidative alternation of the brain that was recognized via upregulation of p53 and p21 mRNA expression levels, as aging markers and Bax mRNA expression level, as an apoptotic marker. Also, the results observed alterations in the levels of biochemical markers as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and triacylglycerol (TAG), besides, enhancement of brain antioxidant capacity. Finally, these results compared with the groups treated with EU and CAR to observe that the EU and CAR potentially attenuate these aging-related oxidative alterations in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we can conclude that EU and CAR supplementations are considered promising natural protective compounds that could delay aging and maintain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H. El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Hadeer H. Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Elsabagh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Shymaa A. Mohamed
- Molecular Biology, Molecular biology unit, Medical Technology Center, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Noreldin
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelwahab A. Alsenosy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
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Nawaz A, Farid A, Safdar M, Latif MS, Ghazanfar S, Akhtar N, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Khan MW. Formulation Development and Ex-Vivo Permeability of Curcumin Hydrogels under the Influence of Natural Chemical Enhancers. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060384. [PMID: 35735728 PMCID: PMC9223005 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present research was to formulate and evaluate curcumin hydrogel and to investigate the potential of natural essential oils as permeation enhancers. Methods: Curcumin 2% w/w hydrogel containing various concentrations of eucalyptus oil, aloe vera oil and clove oil was developed using carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) as a gelling agent. Differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy were used to evaluate the compatibility between the drug and the excipients. In order to assess the efficacy of the formulation; rheological properties, skin irritation studies, in vitro release, ex vivo permeation and retention studies were conducted. Results: DSC and FTIR suggest no in-compatibility between curcumin and excipients. Studies proved that addition of suitable natural permeation enhancers to the hydrogels improved the in vitro release and ex vivo permeation and retention of curcumin. From the various natural essential oils, the aloe vera oil at a concentration of 3% w/w had the greatest effect on the permeability rate and skin retention of the Curcumin and produces the highest enhancement ratio amongst all the concentrations of essential oils examined. Conclusion: Aloe vera oil enhances the permeation of curcumin across the skin by altering the complex structure of the stratum corneum without itself undergoing any change. The developed curcumin hydrogels along with natural essential oils may present an effective choice regarding skin infection/wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Nawaz
- Advanced Drug Delivery Lab, Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.S.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (A.F.)
| | - Arshad Farid
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (A.F.)
| | - Muhammad Safdar
- Advanced Drug Delivery Lab, Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Muhammad Shahid Latif
- Advanced Drug Delivery Lab, Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Shakira Ghazanfar
- National Institute for Genomics Advanced Biotechnology, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Waseem Khan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
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Batool M, Ranjha MMAN, Roobab U, Manzoor MF, Farooq U, Nadeem HR, Nadeem M, Kanwal R, AbdElgawad H, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Ibrahim SA. Nutritional Value, Phytochemical Potential, and Therapeutic Benefits of Pumpkin ( Cucurbita sp.). Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11111394. [PMID: 35684166 PMCID: PMC9182978 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Pumpkin is a well-known multifunctional ingredient in the diet, full of nutrients, and has opened new vistas for scientists during the past years. The fruit of pumpkin including the flesh, seed, and peel are a rich source of primary and secondary metabolites, including proteins, carbohydrates, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, tryptophan, delta-7-sterols, and many other phytochemicals. This climber is traditionally used in many countries, such as Austria, Hungary, Mexico, Slovenia, China, Spain, and several Asian and African countries as a functional food and provides health promising properties. Other benefits of pumpkin, such as improving spermatogenesis, wound healing, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-ulcerative properties, and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia have also been confirmed by researchers. For better drug delivery, nanoemulsions and niosomes made from pumpkin seeds have also been reported as a health promising tool, but further research is still required in this field. This review mainly focuses on compiling and summarizing the most relevant literature to highlight the nutritional value, phytochemical potential, and therapeutic benefits of pumpkin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Batool
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, University of Lahore, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan;
| | | | - Ume Roobab
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (U.R.); (R.K.)
| | | | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 59300, Pakistan;
| | - Hafiz Rehan Nadeem
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 59300, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (M.M.A.N.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Rabia Kanwal
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (U.R.); (R.K.)
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Salam A. Ibrahim
- Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.A.I.)
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22
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Selim S, Akhtar N, Hagagy N, Alanazi A, Warrad M, El Azab E, Elamir MYM, Al-Sanea MM, Jaouni SKA, Abdel-Mawgoud M, Shah AA, Abdelgawad H. Selection of Newly Identified Growth-Promoting Archaea Haloferax Species With a Potential Action on Cobalt Resistance in Maize Plants. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:872654. [PMID: 35665142 PMCID: PMC9161300 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.872654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with cobalt (Co) negatively impacts plant growth and production. To combat Co toxicity, plant growth-promoting microorganisms for improving plant growth are effectively applied. To this end, unclassified haloarchaeal species strain NRS_31 (OL912833), belonging to Haloferax genus, was isolated, identified for the first time, and applied to mitigate the Co phytotoxic effects on maize plants. This study found that high Co levels in soil lead to Co accumulation in maize leaves. Co accumulation in the leaves inhibited maize growth and photosynthetic efficiency, inducing oxidative damage in the tissue. Interestingly, pre-inoculation with haloarchaeal species significantly reduced Co uptake and mitigated the Co toxicity. Induced photosynthesis improved sugar metabolism, allocating more carbon to defend against Co stress. Concomitantly, the biosynthetic key enzymes involved in sucrose (sucrose-P-synthase and invertases) and proline (pyrroline-5- carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR)) biosynthesis significantly increased to maintain plant osmotic potential. In addition to their osmoregulation potential, soluble sugars and proline can contribute to maintaining ROS hemostasis. Maize leaves managed their oxidative homeostasis by increasing the production of antioxidant metabolites (such as phenolics and tocopherols) and increasing the activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes (such as POX, CAT, SOD, and enzymes involved in the AsA/GSH cycle). Inside the plant tissue, to overcome heavy Co toxicity, maize plants increased the synthesis of heavy metal-binding ligands (metallothionein, phytochelatins) and the metal detoxifying enzymes (glutathione S transferase). Overall, the improved ROS homeostasis, osmoregulation, and Co detoxification systems were the basis underlying Co oxidative stress, mitigating haloarchaeal treatment's impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Nashwa Hagagy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Awadh Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Warrad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al-Quriat, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman El Azab
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al-Quriat, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamada Abdelgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Selim S, Almuhayawi MS, Alharbi MT, Al Jaouni SK, Alharthi A, Abdel-Wahab BA, Ibrahim MAR, Alsuhaibani AM, Warrad M, Rashed K. Insights into the Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and Cytotoxic Activities of Pistacia lentiscus Bark and Phytochemical Profile; In Silico and In Vitro Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050930. [PMID: 35624793 PMCID: PMC9138067 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne infections and antibiotic resistance pose a serious threat to public health and must be addressed urgently. Pistacia lentiscus is a wild-growing shrub and has been utilized for medicinal applications as well as for culinary purposes. The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of P. lentiscus bark in vitro, as well as the phytochemical composition, are the focus of this inquiry. The bark extract of P. lentiscus showed significant antimicrobial activity in experiments on bacteria and yeast isolated from human and food sources. The exposure time for the complete inhibition of cell viability of P. aeruginosa in the extracts was found to be 5% at 15 min. Phytochemical inquiry of the methanol extract demonstrates the existence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, triterpenes, and alkaloids. Deep phytochemical exploration led to the identification of methyl gallate, gallic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside, kaempferol 3-O-β-glucoside, and Quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside. When tested using the DPPH assay, the methanol extracts of P. lentiscus bark demonstrated a high free radical scavenging efficiency. Further, we have performed a molecular modelling study which revealed that the extract of P. lentiscus bark could be a beneficial source for novel flavonoid glycosides inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Taken together, this study highlights the Pistacia lentiscus bark methanol extract as a promising antimicrobial and antiviral agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.S.A.); (K.R.)
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.S.A.); (K.R.)
| | - Mohanned T. Alharbi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Afaf Alharthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Basel A. Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mervat A. R. Ibrahim
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani
- Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mona Warrad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al Qurayyat 77425, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled Rashed
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, 33El Bohouth Str., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.S.A.); (K.R.)
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Selim S, Almuhayawi MS, Alqhtani H, Al Jaouni SK, Saleh FM, Warrad M, Hagagy N. Anti-Salmonella and Antibiofilm Potency of Salvia officinalis L. Essential Oil against Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella enterica. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040489. [PMID: 35453243 PMCID: PMC9031110 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Raw milk is a significant vehicle for the transmission of different infections. In the present study, we focused on Salmonella enterica from raw milk and its resistance to various antibacterial drugs. Furthermore, we have investigated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of essential oil (EO) obtained from Salvia officinalis L. leaves that were collected from the Aljouf region, Saudi Arabia, against S. enterica. One-dozen strains of S. enterica were found in a batch of a hundred milk samples, and those S. enterica strains were shown to be resistant to several antibiotics, particularly the β-lactam group of antimicrobial drugs. Against multidrug-resistant S. enterica, the inhibitory zones for EO from S. officinalis leaves were found to be 21 mm in diameter. S. officinalis EO at 5% concentration showed a remarkable in vitro inhibitory activity toward the biofilm growth of different S. enterica isolates. Analysis of EO by GC–MS identified 21 distinct components, accounting for 89.94% of the total oil component. The most prominent compounds were 1,8-cineole (39.18%), β-caryophyllene (12.8%), and α--terpineol (10.3%). Taken together, our results unequivocally confirm that the S. officinalis EOs exert numerous bioactivities. Thus, the well-deserved attention on S. officinalis EO usage as a food preservative and adjunctive remedy for bacterial food-borne diseases is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Hussain Alqhtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fayez M. Saleh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mona Warrad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al-Quriat 77454, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nashwa Hagagy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Selim S, Akhtar N, El Azab E, Warrad M, Alhassan HH, Abdel-Mawgoud M, Al Jaouni SK, Abdelgawad H. Innovating the Synergistic Assets of β-Amino Butyric Acid (BABA) and Selenium Nanoparticles (SeNPs) in Improving the Growth, Nitrogen Metabolism, Biological Activities, and Nutritive Value of Medicago interexta Sprouts. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11030306. [PMID: 35161286 PMCID: PMC8839959 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In view of the wide traditional uses of legume sprouts, several strategies have been approved to improve their growth, bioactivity, and nutritive values. In this regard, the present study aimed at investigating how priming with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs, 25 mg L-1) enhanced the effects of β-amino butyric acid (BABA, 30 mM) on the growth, physiology, nitrogen metabolism, and bioactive metabolites of Medicago interexta sprouts. The results have shown that the growth and photosynthesis of M. interexta sprouts were enhanced by the treatment with BABA or SeNPs, being higher under combined treatment. Increased photosynthesis provided the precursors for the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites. In this regard, the combined treatment had a more pronounced effect on the bioactive primary metabolites (essential amino acids), secondary metabolites (phenolics, GSH, and ASC), and mineral profiles of the investigated sprouts than that of sole treatments. Increased amino acids were accompanied by increased nitrogen metabolism, i.e., nitrate reductase, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), glutamine synthase (GS), cysteine synthesis serine acetyltransferase, arginase, threonine synthase, and methionine synthase. Further, the antioxidant capacity (FRAP), the anti-diabetic activities (i.e., α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities), and the glycemic index of the tested sprouts were more significantly improved by the combined treatment with BABA and SeNPs than by individual treatment. Overall, the combined effect of BABA and SeNPs could be preferable to their individual effects on plant growth and bioactive metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Eman El Azab
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al-Quriat 77454, Saudi Arabia; (E.E.A.); (M.W.)
| | - Mona Warrad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al-Quriat 77454, Saudi Arabia; (E.E.A.); (M.W.)
| | - Hassan H. Alhassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Mawgoud
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Centre, Cairo 11753, Egypt;
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamada Abdelgawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (H.A.)
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Almuhayawi MS, Abdel-Mawgoud M, Al Jaouni SK, Almuhayawi SM, Alruhaili MH, Selim S, AbdElgawad H. Bacterial Endophytes as a Promising Approach to Enhance the Growth and Accumulation of Bioactive Metabolites of Three Species of Chenopodium Sprouts. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10122745. [PMID: 34961218 PMCID: PMC8704246 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Sprouts are regarded as an untapped source of bioactive components that display various biological properties. Endophytic bacterium inoculation can enhance plant chemical composition and improve its nutritional quality. Herein, six endophytes (Endo 1 to Endo 6) were isolated from Chenopodium plants and morphologically and biochemically identified. Then, the most active isolate Endo 2 (strain JSA11) was employed to enhance the growth and nutritive value of the sprouts of three Chenopodium species, i.e., C. ambrosoides, C. ficifolium, and C. botrys. Endo 2 (strain JSA11) induced photosynthesis and the mineral uptake, which can explain the high biomass accumulation. Endo 2 (strain JSA11) improved the nutritive values of the treated sprouts through bioactive metabolite (antioxidants, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acid, and essential amino acids) accumulation. These increases were correlated with increased amino acid levels and phenolic metabolism. Consequently, the antioxidant activity of the Endo 2 (strain JSA11)-treated Chenopodium sprouts was enhanced. Moreover, Endo 2 (strain JSA11) increased the antibacterial activity against several pathogenic bacteria and the anti-inflammatory activities as evidenced by the reduced activity of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. Overall, the Endo 2 (strain JSA11) treatment is a successful technique to enhance the bioactive contents and biological properties of Chenopodium sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Mawgoud
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Centre, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saad M. Almuhayawi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed H. Alruhaili
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt;
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El-Far AH, Godugu K, Noreldin AE, Saddiq AA, Almaghrabi OA, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA. Thymoquinone and Costunolide Induce Apoptosis of Both Proliferative and Doxorubicin-Induced-Senescent Colon and Breast Cancer Cells. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211035450. [PMID: 34490824 PMCID: PMC8427913 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211035450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) induces senescence in numerous cancer cell types, but these senescent cancer cells relapse again if they are not eliminated. On this principle, we investigated the apoptotic effect of thymoquinone (TQ), the active ingredient of Nigella sativa seeds and costunolide (COS), the active ingredient of Costus speciosus, on the senescent colon (Sen-HCT116) and senescent breast (Sen-MCF7) cancer cell lines in reference to their corresponding proliferative cells to rapidly eliminate the senescent cancer cells. The senescence markers of Sen-HCT116 and Sen-MCF7 were determined by a significant decrease in bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and significant increases in SA-β-gal, p53, and p21 levels. Then proliferative, Sen-HCT116, and Sen-MCF7 cells were subjected to either TQ (50 µM) or COS (30 µM), the Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), caspase 3 mRNA expression and its activity were established. Results revealed that TQ significantly increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio in HCT116 + Dox5 + TQ, MCF7 + TQ, and MCF7 + Dox5 + TQ compared with their corresponding controls. COS significantly increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio in HCT116 + Dox5 + TQ and MCF7 + Dox5 + TQ compared with their related controls. Also, TQ and COS were significantly increased caspase 3 activity and cell proliferation of Sen-HCT116 and Sen-MCF7. The data revealed a higher sensitivity of senescent cells to TQ or COS than their corresponding proliferative cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H El-Far
- Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Kavitha Godugu
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Shaker A Mousa
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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Zaid FAA, Abduljawad EA, Aljadani HM, Ali NM, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Ibrahim M, Ali SS, Abunasef SK, Ahmed OT, Amin HA, Jaouni SKA. Black Raisins Improved Experimentally Induced Iron Deficiency Anemia. Biochemical and Histological Evidence. JPRI 2021. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i34a31839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia is a challenging clinical problem with a profound impact on general health. Administration of iron-containing preparations were reported to be associated with many side effects. The current study aimed to evaluate black raisins’ therapeutic role against experimentally induced iron deficiency anemia in rats. Forty female rats were divided into 4 groups (n=10); control, anemia, anemia + iron, and anemia + raisins. Anemia was induced by bleeding and an iron-deficient diet for 4 weeks. Anemic rats were treated with ferric sulfate (200 mg/kg) or raisin extract (375 mg/kg) daily for 12 weeks. Complete blood count (CBC), blood films, body weight, splenic weight, and index were assessed. The spleens were processed and stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) and immunohistochemically stained for CD3+ and CD68. Raisins contain a considerable amount of iron, vitamin B, phenolics, and flavonoid antioxidants. In raisins treated rats, CBC parameters displayed a significant increase compared to the anemic rats. Most of the RBCs in blood films showed normal shape, size, and central pallor. The spleen of raisins and iron-treated rats showed a marked increase in the area of white pulp. Their spleens also showed a significant increase in the CD3+ PALS area compared to anemic rats. Iron and raisins significantly decreased splenic CD68 macrophages. Consumption of black raisins could be considered an excellent natural source for flavonoids and iron to be used as an adjuvant supplement to iron for anemic patients with increased splenic T lymphocytes.
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Harakeh S, Qari MH, Ramadan WS, Al Jaouni SK, Almuhayawi MS, Al Amri T, Ashraf GM, Bharali DJ, Mousa SA. A Novel Nanoformulation of Ellagic Acid is Promising in Restoring Oxidative Homeostasis in Rat Brains with Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Drug Metab 2021; 22:299-307. [PMID: 33327909 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666201216170851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aluminum toxicity induces neurodegenerative changes in the brain and results in Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE Here, the aim was to evaluate the antioxidant therapeutic effects of ellagic acid (EA) and EA-loaded nanoparticles (EA-NP) in an aluminum chloride-induced AD rat model. METHODS The nanoparticles' loading of EA was 0.84/1 w/w. The in vitro release kinetics of EA from EA-NP in fetal bovine serum showed 60% release in the first 1-5 hours, followed by sustained release at 60-70% over 6-24 hours. Six groups were implemented; group 1 served as the control, group 2 received EA, group 3 received EA-NP, group 4 was the AD rat model administered AlCl3 (50 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, groups 5 (AD+EA) and 6 (AD+EA-NP) were treated with EA and EA-NP, respectively, for 2 weeks after AlCl3 was stopped. The neurotoxicity in the rat brain was examined by measuring the brain antioxidant biomarkers catalase, glutathione, and total antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid, TBA). Histopathological studies using hematoxylin and eosin, cresyl violet, silver stains, and the novel object recognition test were examined. RESULTS Data revealed significant increase of antioxidant biomarkers and decreased TBA in the EA-NP group. The pathological hallmarks of AD-vacuolation of the neurons, chromatolysis, neurofibrillary tangles, and the senile plaques in brains of the AD rat model were decreased and restoration of Nissl granules was noted. The calculated discrimination index in the behavioral test increased more in cases treated with EA-NP. CONCLUSION The treatment of AD with EA-NP was more effective than EA in alleviating the oxidative neurotoxic effects on AD rat brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Harakeh
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad H Qari
- Department of Hematology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology/Parasitology and Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, KAUH, KAU, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Al Amri
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shaker A Mousa
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Almuhayawi SM, Almuhayawi MS, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Hassan AHA. Effect of Laser Light on Growth, Physiology, Accumulation of Phytochemicals, and Biological Activities of Sprouts of Three Brassica Cultivars. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:6240-6250. [PMID: 34033484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Brassica sprouts are known as a good source of antimicrobial bioactive compounds such as phenolics and glucosinolates (GLs). We aim at understanding how He-Ne laser light treatment (632 nm, 5 mW) improves sprout growth and physiology and stimulates the accumulation of bioactive metabolites in three Brassica spp., i.e., mustard, cauliflower, and turnip. Moreover, how these changes consequently promote their biological activities. Laser light improved growth, photosynthesis, and respiration, which induced the accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites. Laser light boosted the levels of pigments, phenolics, and indole and aromatic precursors of GLs, which resulted in increased total GLs and glucoraphanin contents. Moreover, laser light induced the myrosinase activity to provoke GLs hydrolysis to bioactive sulforaphane. Interestingly, laser light also reduced the anti-nutrient content and enhanced the overall biological activities of treated sprouts including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Accordingly, laser light is a promising approach for boosting the accumulation of beneficial metabolites in Brassica sprouts and, subsequently, their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad M Almuhayawi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, P.O. 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelrahim H A Hassan
- Department of Food Safety & Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
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Almuhayawi MS, Al Jaouni SK, Almuhayawi SM, Selim S, Abdel-Mawgoud M. Elevated CO 2 improves the nutritive value, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hypocholestecolemic activities of lemongrass sprouts. Food Chem 2021; 357:129730. [PMID: 33989926 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Sprouts have been regarded as a big store for bioactive compounds with a wide range of biological activities. Elevated CO2 (eCO2, 620 μmol mol-1)was employed to enhance the nutritive and health promoting values of sprouts of two species of lemongrass, i.e. Cymbopogon citratus and Cymbopogon proximus. eCO2 improved the biomass production of sprouts, and their levels of primary metabolites e.g., amino acids and oils and active secondary metabolites e.g., phenolic compounds. As a result, eCO2 increased total antioxidant capacity, cytotoxicity against several human cancer cell lines, and antibacterial activities of Cymbopogon sprouts. We also recorded a significant increase in hypocholesterolaemic potential and anti-inflammatory activities of eCO2-treated sprouts, as indicated by inhibition of cholesterol micellar solubility and pancreatic lipase activity, as well as lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activities, respectively. Thus, the present investigation supports the use of eCO2 as a promising approach to produce lemongrass sprouts with effective phytochemicals and enhanced biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Almuhayawi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. 2014, Saudi Arabia
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Almuhayawi MS, Hassan AHA, Al Jaouni SK, Alkhalifah DHM, Hozzein WN, Selim S, AbdElgawad H, Khamis G. Influence of elevated CO 2 on nutritive value and health-promoting prospective of three genotypes of Alfalfa sprouts (Medicago Sativa). Food Chem 2020; 340:128147. [PMID: 33032148 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Alfalfa sprouts are well known for their nutritive values. Although there are several studies reported the positive impact of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on plants, there are no in-depth, comprehensive studies on how eCO2 could improve the sprouting of plant seeds. Herein, the production of health-promoting metabolites was determined in eCO2 (620 ppm)-treated Alfalfa sprout cultivars (Giza 1, Nubaria and Ismailia 1). eCO2 increased the photosynthetic process and pigment contents, which consequently induced carbohydrates, proteins, fats and fiber accumulation. eCO2 also boosted the levels of vitamins, phenolics, flavonoids and mineral individuals and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of alfalfa sprouts. Interestingly, eCO2 reduced the antinutritional factor l-canavanine content in Ismailia 1 cultivar and improved the anti-inflammatory activities through inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 and lipoxygenase activity. Therefore, eCO2 is a promising approach to improve the health-promoting prospective of alfalfa sprouts to be a valuable source of nutritious and bioactive compounds in our daily diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdelrahim H A Hassan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Hussien M Alkhalifah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wael N Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. 2014, Saudi Arabia; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, P.O. 41522, Egypt
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Galal Khamis
- Department of Laser Applications in Metrology, Photochemistry and Agriculture (LAMPA), National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Atta MS, Farrag FA, Almadaly EA, Ghoneim HA, Hafez AS, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA, El-Far AH. Transcriptomic and biochemical effects of pycnogenol in ameliorating heat stress-related oxidative alterations in rats. J Therm Biol 2020; 93:102683. [PMID: 33077109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat stress is a condition that is due to extreme heat exposure. It occurs when the body cannot keep its temperature healthy in response to a hot climate and associated with oxidative stress. Testicular hyperthermia can induce apoptosis of sperm cells, affect sperm production and decrease sperm concentration, leading to sperm disorder, for this reason, we examined the protective impact of pycnogenol that it has a wide range of biological benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities against the oxidative alterations that happen in testicular and brain tissues due to heat stress in rats. STUDY DESIGN Forty-eight Wistar male rats, approximately around 6 weeks age were allocated randomly into four groups (12 in each) of control, HS (subjected to heat stress and supplemented orally with 50 mg of pycnogenol/kg b. w./day dissolved in saline for 21 days), and pycnogenol (rats supplemented orally with 50 mg of pycnogenol/kg b. w./day dissolved in saline for 21 days). RESULTS Data revealed a promising role of pycnogenol as an antioxidant, natural product to successfully reverse the heat-induced oxidative alterations in testicular and brain tissues of rats through significant upregulation of superoxide dismutase-2, catalase, reduced glutathione, and anti-apoptotic gene, while downregulating pro-apoptotic, and heat shock protein70. Pycnogenol treatment also reversed the reproductive hormone level and spermatogenesis to their normal values. CONCLUSION Pycnogenol as a natural protective supplement could recover these heat stress-induced oxidative changes in testes and hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa S Atta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Foad A Farrag
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Essam A Almadaly
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Hanan A Ghoneim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt.
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Scientific Chair of Yousef Abdullatif Jameel of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jaddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA.
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
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Almuhayawi MS, Ramadan WS, Harakeh S, Al Jaouni SK, Bharali DJ, Mousa SA, Almuhayawi SM. The potential role of pomegranate and its nano-formulations on cerebral neurons in aluminum chloride induced Alzheimer rat model. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1710-1716. [PMID: 32565686 PMCID: PMC7296487 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative stress leading to degenerative changes in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is evident. Our aim was to evaluate the therapeutic and protective effects of pomegranate extract (PE) and pomegranate extract-loaded nanoparticles (PE nano) in an AlCl 3-induced AD rat model. Nanoparticles were synthesized with a PE load of 0.68% w/w, and 70 male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups: Group I was the control, Group II received PE., Group III received PE nano for 2 weeks, Group IV received AlCl 3 (50 mg/kg) daily orally for 4 weeks, Group V received PE for 2 weeks, Group VI received PE nano for 2 weeks, and Groups V and VI were started after AlCl 3 administration was stopped. Group VII received PE for 2 weeks and was stopped before AlCl 3 was administered. The Results revealed that the discrimination index in the novel object recognition test was the least in AD rat model but increased in cases protected with PE treated with PE nano. Similar results were shown based on calculating the brain weight/body weight percent. The biomarkers of antioxidant activity (catalase, glutathione and total antioxidant activity) in brain homogenate were significantly increased in groups treated with either PE or PE nano. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substance measured to estimate lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in AD rat model and decreased in groups protected with PE or treated with PE nano. Histopathological studies using hematoxylin and eosin, cresyl violet, and silver stains revealed hyaline degeneration, chromatolysis, and hallmarks of AD; neurofibrillary tangles and the senile plaques in brains of AD rat model. Restoration of the histological architecture, Nissl granules, and minimal appearance of hallmarks of AD characterized brains treated with PE or PE nano. In conclusion, PE was more effective as a protectant than a therapeutic measure in alleviating the antioxidant, lipid peroxidative effects and histopathological hallmarks in AD brains. But, the therapeutic PE-loaded nanoparticles increased the efficacy of active components and produced similar results as the protective PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine (FM), KAU, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Steve Harakeh
- Special Infectious Disease Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, KAU, Saudi Arabia
- Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, FM, KAU, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, FM, KAU, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, FM, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dhruba J. Bharali
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Albany Nutraceuticals, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Albany Nutraceuticals, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Saad M. Almuhayawi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Almuhayawi MS, AbdElgawad H, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Hassan AHA, Khamis G. Elevated CO 2 improves glucosinolate metabolism and stimulates anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of broccoli sprouts. Food Chem 2020; 328:127102. [PMID: 32512468 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sprouting process enhances plant bioactive compounds. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L) sprouts are well known for their high levels of glucosinolates (GLs), amino acids, and antioxidants, which offer outstanding biological activities with positive impacts on plant metabolism. Elevated CO2 (eCO2, 620 ppm) was applied for 9 days to further improve nutritive and health-promoting values of three cultivars of broccoli sprouts i.e., Southern star, Prominence and Monotop. eCO2 improved sprouts growth and induced GLs accumulation e.g., glucoraphanin, possibly through amino acids production e.g., high methionine and tryptophan. There were increases in myrosinase activity, which stimulated GLs hydrolysis to yield health-promoting sulforaphane. Interestingly, low levels of ineffective sulforaphane nitrile were detected and positively correlated with reduced epithiospecifier protein after eCO2 treatment. High glucoraphanin and sulforaphane levels in eCO2 treated sprouts improved the anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of their extracts. In conclusion, eCO2 treatment enriches broccoli sprouts with health-promoting metabolites and bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. 2014, Saudi Arabia; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, P.O. 41522, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahim H A Hassan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Galal Khamis
- Department of Laser Applications in Metrology, Photochemistry and Agriculture (LAMPA), National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Far AH, Sroga G, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA. Role and Mechanisms of RAGE-Ligand Complexes and RAGE-Inhibitors in Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103613. [PMID: 32443845 PMCID: PMC7279268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions of the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) and its ligands in the context of their role in diabetes mellitus, inflammation, and carcinogenesis have been extensively investigated. This review focuses on the role of RAGE-ligands and anti-RAGE drugs capable of controlling cancer progression. Different studies have demonstrated interaction of RAGE with a diverse range of acidic (negatively charged) ligands such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), high-mobility group box1 (HMGB1), and S100s, and their importance to cancer progression. Some RAGE-ligands displayed effects on anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins through upregulation of the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways, while downregulating p53 in cancer progression. In addition, RAGE may undergo ligand-driven multimodal dimerization or oligomerization mediated through self-association of some of its subunits. We conclude our review by proposing possible future lines of study that could result in control of cancer progression through RAGE inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H. El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Grazyna Sroga
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY (RPI), Troy, NY 12180, USA;
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
- Correspondence:
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Al Jaouni SK, Hussein A, Alghamdi N, Qari M, El Hossary D, Almuhayawi MS, Olwi D, Al-Raddadi R, Harakeh S, Mousa SA. Effects of Phoenix dactylifera Ajwa on Infection, Hospitalization, and Survival Among Pediatric Cancer Patients in a University Hospital: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1534735419828834. [PMID: 30791734 PMCID: PMC7242798 DOI: 10.1177/1534735419828834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This nonrandomized controlled trial determined the effects of Phoenix
dactylifera palm date (Ajwa) intake on the number of infections and
hospitalizations associated with fever, neutropenia, and mortality of pediatric
cancer patients admitted between 2008 and 2017 to King Abdulaziz University
Hospital (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). Patients were eligible to be enrolled if they
fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were not allergic to Ajwa, and were not
enrolled in another study. Of 200 screened patients, 56 were included and 144
were excluded. Of the 56, 26 agreed to take Ajwa, and 30 served as controls.
Both groups were assessed based on infection rates, frequency of hospital
admissions for fever and neutropenia, and mortality rate. Background information
regarding demographics, clinicopathological data, and treatment options was
documented. Supplementation of Ajwa significantly reduced hospital admissions
(for fever-associated neutropenia) and infections (P = .009 and
P < .001, respectively). Off-treatment did not
significantly differ between the Ajwa and control groups. The Ajwa group had a
better survival rate in comparison to the non-Ajwa group (stratified log-rank
P = .005), where the main cause of death of patients in the
non-Ajwa group was disease progression associated with infections (77%). In
summary, Ajwa intake during the standard treatment of pediatric cancer patients
improved their treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dalia El Hossary
- 1 King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,2 Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Duaa Olwi
- 3 King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajaa Al-Raddadi
- 1 King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,3 King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shaker A Mousa
- 4 Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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Alsenosy AWA, El-Far AH, Sadek KM, Ibrahim SA, Atta MS, Sayed-Ahmed A, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA. Graviola (Annona muricata) attenuates behavioural alterations and testicular oxidative stress induced by streptozotocin in diabetic rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222410. [PMID: 31509596 PMCID: PMC6738607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stresses intensify the progression of diabetes-related behavioural changes and testicular injuries. Graviola (Annona muricata), a small tree of the Annonaceae family, has been investigated for its protective effects against diabetic complications, oxidative stress, and neuropathies. This study was planned to investigate the effects of graviola on behavioural alterations and testicular oxidative status of streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg)-induced diabetic rats. Forty adult male Wistar rats were equally allocated into four groups: control (received normal saline 8 ml/kg orally once daily), diabetic (received normal saline orally once daily), graviola (GR; received 100 mg/kg/day; orally once daily), and diabetic with graviola (Diabetic+GR; received 100 mg/kg/day; once daily). Behavioural functions were assessed using standard behavioural paradigms. Also, oxidative statuses of testis were evaluated. Results of behavioural observations showed that diabetes induced depression-like behaviours, reduction of exploratory and locomotor activities, decreased memory performance, and increased stress-linked behaviours. These variations in diabetic rats were happened due to oxidative stress. Interestingly, treatment of diabetic rats with graviola for four weeks alleviated all behavioural changes due to diabetes. Also, rats in graviola-treated groups had greater testicular testosterone and estradiol levels compared with diabetic rats due to significant rise in testicular acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2 expression. In the same context, graviola enhanced the antioxidant status of testicular tissues by significantly restoring the testicular glutathione and total superoxide dismutase that fell during diabetes. In addition, Graviola significantly decreased the expression of apoptotic (Bax) and inflammatory (interleukin-1β) testicular genes. In conclusion, these data propose that both the hypoglycemic and antioxidative potential of graviola are possible mechanisms that improve behavioural alterations and protect testis in diabetic animals. Concomitantly, further clinical studies in human are required to validate the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-wahab A. Alsenosy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ali H. El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Kadry M. Sadek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Safinaz A. Ibrahim
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mustafa S. Atta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sayed-Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Scientific Chair of Yousef Abdullatif Jameel of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States of America
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Diab-Assaf M, Semaan J, El-Sabban M, Al Jaouni SK, Azar R, Kamal MA, Harakeh S. Inhibition of Proliferation and Induction of Apoptosis by Thymoquinone via Modulation of TGF Family, p53, p21 and Bcl-2α in Leukemic Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 18:210-215. [PMID: 28901264 DOI: 10.2174/1871520617666170912133054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive form of malignancy caused by human T- cell lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1). Currently, there is no effective treatment for ATL. Thymoquinone has been reported to have anti-cancer properties. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigatthe effects of TQ on proliferation, apoptosis induction and the underlying mechanism of action in both HTLV-1 positive (C91-PL and HuT-102) and HTLV-1 negative (CEM and Jurkat) malignant T-lymphocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells were incubated with different thymoquinone concentrations for 24h. Cell cytotoxicity was assayed using the CytoTox 96® Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay Kit. Cell proliferation was determined using CellTiter 96® Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation. Cell cycle analysis was performed by staining with propidium iodide. Apoptosis was assessed using cell death ELISA kit. The effect of TQ on p53, p21, Bcl-2 protein expression was determined using Western blot analysis while TGF mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS At non-cytotoxic concentrations of TQ, it resulted in the inhibition of proliferation in a dose dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a shift in the cell cycle distribution to the PreG1 phase which is a marker of apoptosis. Also TQ increase DNA fragmentation. TQ mediated its anti-proliferative effect and apoptosis induction by an up-regulation of TGFβ1, p53 and p21 and a down-regulation of TGF-α and Bcl-2α. CONCLUSION Thymoquinone presents antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in ATL cells. For this reason, further research is required to investigate its possible application in the treatment of ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Diab-Assaf
- Lebanese University, EDST ("Molecular Tumor-genesis and Anticancer Pharmacology"), Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Josiane Semaan
- Lebanese University, EDST ("Molecular Tumor-genesis and Anticancer Pharmacology"), Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Marwan El-Sabban
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Pediatric Hematology / Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Azar
- Lebanese University, EDST ("Molecular Tumor-genesis and Anticancer Pharmacology"), Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia.,King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia.,Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Steve Harakeh
- Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia.,Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
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40
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Baharith LA, Mourad SA, Alghamdi HM, Al Jaouni SK. Effect of wet cupping on reducing bone pain for patients in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2019; 40:619-623. [PMID: 31219499 PMCID: PMC6778763 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.6.23615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of wet cupping as alternative treatment on reducing bone pain and built a model that predicts the level of improvement for patients who suffer from bone pain. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 289 patients referred from specialty clinics to Prophetic Medicine Clinics (PMC) between September 2013 and August 2015. The effectiveness of cupping is assessed on patients with bone pain who were redirected to PMC, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. An artificial neural network (ANN) method was used to propose a model that predicts levels of improvement for patients suffering from bone pain. Therefore, a random sample of 90% of the data was used to build the ANN model and tested by the remaining 10%. Inferential statistics were conducted to study relations and compare blood tests before and after treatment. Results: Out of 289 patients suffering from bone pain, more than 11% were completely cured, and 55% improved after wet cupping treatment sessions. The proposed ANN model showed a good performance with more than 72% accuracy. In addition, the statistical analysis showed a significant improvement for most blood tests. Conclusion: Wet cupping has positive effects on reducing bone pain. We recommend the use of an ANN model in PMC to predict whether patients will benefit from the treatment to reduce pain. This is a recommendation for further study not a conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamya A Baharith
- Department of Statistics, Faculty Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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El-Far AH, Oyinloye BE, Sepehrimanesh M, Allah MAG, Abu-Reidah I, Shaheen HM, Razeghian-Jahromi I, Alsenosy AEWA, Noreldin AE, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA. Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera): Novel Findings and Future Directions for Food and Drug Discovery. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2019; 16:2-10. [PMID: 29557751 DOI: 10.2174/1570163815666180320111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phoenix dactylifera is a useful traditional medicinal plant, mainly the fruit is used, which is the edible part of the plant (Ajwa date). It is now considered to be a valuable source of natural medicinal products against various diseases. Phytochemical investigations have shown that the fruit contains anthocyanins, phenolics, sterols, carotenoids, and flavonoids. The fruits are a rich source of carbohydrates, vitamins, and proteins. P. dactylifera is considered as a complete diet because it also contains different fatty acids, amino acids, proteins, and steroidal substances. This review highlights the phytochemical composition, nutritional significance, and potential health benefits of P. dactylifera and discusses its potential as a functional food for disease prevention, management, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Babatunji E Oyinloye
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology, and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, 360001, Nigeria
| | - Masood Sepehrimanesh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahmoud A Gab Allah
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Abu-Reidah
- Industrial Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Arab American University, P.O. Box. 240, 13 Zababdeh-Jenin, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
| | - Hazem M Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | | | - Abd El-Wahab A Alsenosy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Scientific Chair of Yousef Abdullatif Jameel of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States
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El-Far AH, Al Jaouni SK, Li W, Mousa SA. Protective Roles of Thymoquinone Nanoformulations: Potential Nanonutraceuticals in Human Diseases. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1369. [PMID: 30257423 PMCID: PMC6213571 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus on nanotechnology for improved bioavailability and drug delivery is of increasing importance for control of different human diseases. Therefore, numerous nanoformulations have been developed for the oral bioavailability of different drugs. This review introduces applications of nanomedicine to enhance the biological activities of thymoquinone (TQ) to control different diseases in several in vivo studies as a preliminary investigation for human disease treatment with nano-TQ. Nano-TQ effectively augments the anticancer roles of doxorubicin by upregulation of P53 and downregulation of Bcl2 and potentiates paclitaxel's apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Moreover, nano-TQ protects against diabetes, inflammation, CNS, and hepatotoxicity, mainly by enhancement of organs' antioxidant status. We summarize the pros and cons of several FDA approved nanoparticle-based therapeutics and discuss the roadblocks in clinical translation, along with potential nano-TQ strategies to overcome these roadblocks. From this review, we can conclude that nano-TQ may be considered as a promising nutraceutical for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel scientific chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Weikun Li
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
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Lebda MA, El-Far AH, Noreldin AE, Elewa YHA, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA. Protective Effects of Miswak ( Salvadora persica) against Experimentally Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018; 2018:6703296. [PMID: 30116487 PMCID: PMC6079327 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6703296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcers are among the most broadly perceived illnesses affecting individuals. Alcohol consumption is the main cause of gastric ulceration. This study assessed the protective effects of Salvadora persica (SP) extract against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and elucidated the conceivable underlying mechanisms involved. For this purpose, 40 rats were allotted into 4 equal groups (control, ethanol- (EtOH-) treated, and SP-treated "SP200 and SP400" groups). The control and EtOH-treated groups were given phosphate buffer saline (PBS), and both the SP200 and SP400 groups were given SP extract dissolved in PBS at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w., respectively. All treatments were given orally for 7 constitutive days. On the 8th day, all rats were fasted for 24 h followed by oral gavage of PBS in the control group and chilled absolute ethanol solution (5 ml/kg b.w.) in the EtOH- and SP-treated groups to induce gastric lesions. One hour later, the rats were sacrificed and the stomachs were harvested. Gross and microscopic examinations of the EtOH-treated group showed severe gastric hemorrhagic necrosis, submucosal edema, destruction of epithelial cells, and reduced glycoprotein content at the mucus surface. These pathological lesions were defeated by SP extract treatment. Administration of SP extract modulated the oxidative stress and augmented the antioxidant defenses. The elevated ethanol-expressed tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) genes, as well as bcl-2-like protein 4 (Bax) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), were diminished in the SP-treated group. Curiously, SP extract upregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) gene expression comparable to that of the EtOH-treated rats. Aggregately, SP exerted antiulcer activities in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer rat models via modulation of oxidant/antioxidant status, mitigation of proinflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis, as well as remodeling of both NOS isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Lebda
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22758, Egypt
| | - Ali H. El-Far
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Noreldin
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Yaser H. A. Elewa
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Scientific Chair of Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
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Hashim GM, Almasaudi SB, Azhar E, Al Jaouni SK, Harakeh S. Biological activity of Cymbopogon schoenanthus essential oil. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24:1458-1464. [PMID: 30294213 PMCID: PMC6169510 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A number of plant species, including Cymbopogon schoenanthus, are traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases. C. schoenanthus is currently, traded in the Saudi markets, and thought to have medicinal value. This study aimed at investigating the biological activities of C. schoenanthus against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and to identify its chemical ingredients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The inhibitory effects of water extracts of C. schoenanthus essential oils were evaluated against ten isolates of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar well diffusion and dilution methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assayed using the Broth microdilution test on five of the ten isolates. The death rates were determined by the time kill assay, done according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The chemical composition of the essential oils of the plant was performed using GC/MS. RESULTS The C. schoenanthus essential oil was effective against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) S. aureus (MRSA) and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The essential oil was not effective against Staphylococcus saprophyticus at the highest concentration applied of >150 μg/ml. The MIC values were as follows: 9.37 μg/ml for E. coli 4.69 μg/ml for S. aureus (MRSA), 2.34 mg/ml for MSSA and 2.34 μg/ml for K. pneumoniae. The time-kill assay indicated that there was a sharp time dependent decline in K. pneumoniae counts in the presence of the oil. This is in contrast to a gradual decline in the case of S. aureus under the same conditions. The eight major components of the essential oil were: piperitone (14.6%), cyclohexanemethanol (11.6%), β-elemene (11.6%), α-eudesmol (11.5%), elemol (10.8%), β-eudesmol (8.5%), 2-naphthalenemethanol (7.1%) and γ-eudesmol (4.2%). CONCLUSION The results of the present study provide a scientific validation for the traditional use of C. schoenanthus as an antibacterial agent. Future work is needed to investigate and explore its application in the environmental and medical fields. In addition, to evaluating the efficacy of the individual ingredients separately to better understand the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gasal M. Hashim
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad B. Almasaudi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steve Harakeh
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Al Jaouni SK, El-Fiky EA, Mourad SA, Ibrahim NK, Kaki AM, Rohaiem SM, Qari MH, Tabsh LM, Aljawhari AA. The effect of wet cupping on quality of life of adult patients with chronic medical conditions in King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Saudi Med J 2017; 38:53-62. [PMID: 28042631 PMCID: PMC5278066 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2017.1.15154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To assess the effect of wet cupping on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of adult patients with chronic medical conditions, who were referred to the Cupping Clinic of King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A controlled, quasi-experimental study design was carried out among 629 patients referred for cupping from the KAUH Specialty Clinics, during the period from January to December 2014. Patients in the intervention group (309 patients) completed a pre-test included WHO quality of life-BREF, received one wet-cupping session, and filled-out the post-test (1 month later). Patients in the control group (320 patients) completed the pre-test during their enrollment in the study and post-test one month later. Both groups received their ordinary treatment. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Results: Pain was the most common cause for cupping referral. After cupping intervention, the mean scores of most of the HRQOL domains, especially the physical domain, improved significantly among patients in the intervention group. The mean total score of physical HRQOL domain was 61.6 ± 13.6 before cupping, and reached 69.7 ± 12.6 after intervention (paired t-test=11.3, p=0.000). Improvements in HRQOL were noticed for almost all types of pain and other medical conditions. Conclusion: There are promising effects in favor of using wet cupping for improving HRQOL of patients with chronic conditions. Cupping is recommended as a complementary treatment modality for chronic medical conditions, especially pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Harakeh S, Semaan J, Sabban ME, Jaouni SKA, Diab-Assaf M, Azar R. Abstract 4300: Thymoquinone Inhibits Proliferation and induces apoptosis in leukemic cells. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-4300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) and is an aggressive form of malignancy. So far, there is no effective treatment for ATL. Thymoquinone has been reported to exhibit many useful effects including anti-cancerous properties. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigated the effects of TQ on proliferation, apoptosis induction and the underlying mechanism of action in both HTLV-1 positive (C91-PL and HuT-102) and HTLV-1 negative (CEM and Jurkat) malignant T-lymphocytes. Materials and methods: Cells were treated with various concentrations of thymoquinone for 24h. Cell cytotoxicity was assayed using the CytoTox 96® Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay Kit. Cell proliferation was determined using CellTiter 96® Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation. Cell cycle analysis was performed using staining with propidium iodide. Apoptosis was assessed using cell death ELISA kit. The effect of TQ on p53, p21, Bcl-2 protein expression was determined using Western blot analysis while TGF mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR. Results: At non-cytotoxic concentrations of TQ, it resulted in inhibition of proliferation in a dose dependant manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a shift in the cell cycle distribution to the PreG1 phase which is a marker of apoptosis. Also TQ increased DNA fragmentation. TQ mediated its anti-proliferative effect and apoptosis induction by an up-regulation of TGFβ1, p53 and p21 and a down-regulation of TGF-α and Bcl-2α. Conclusion: Thymoquinone showed antiproliferative and proapoptotic potentials in ATL cells. For this reason, further research is required to investigate its possible application in the treatment of ATL.
Citation Format: Steve Harakeh, Josiane Semaan, Marwan El Sabban, Soad K. Al Jaouni, Mona Diab-Assaf, Rania Azar. Thymoquinone Inhibits Proliferation and induces apoptosis in leukemic cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4300. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4300
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Harakeh
- 1King Abdulaziz University, 00966559392266, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- 4King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
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Al Jaouni SK, Al Muhayawi MS, Hussein A, Elfiki I, Al-Raddadi R, Al Muhayawi SM, Almasaudi S, Kamal MA, Harakeh S. Effects of Honey on Oral Mucositis among Pediatric Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemo/Radiotherapy Treatment at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2017; 2017:5861024. [PMID: 28270852 PMCID: PMC5320070 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5861024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the most common complications of cancer chemotherapy is oral mucositis. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of honey with the focus on grade III and IV oral mucositis, reduction of bacterial and fungal infections, duration of episodes of oral mucositis, and body weight in pediatric leukemic patients undergoing chemo/radiotherapy. This is an open labeled randomized controlled study conducted at our hospital on 40 pediatric cancer patients undergoing chemo/radiotherapy. All the 40 patients included in this study experienced a sum total of 390 episodes of fever and neutropenia associated with oral mucositis. A significant reduction of oral mucositis, associated Candida, and aerobic pathogenic bacterial infections was noted in patients in the honey treatment group. Also, there is a significant decrease in the duration of hospitalization for all those in the treatment group combined with a significant increase of body weight, delayed onset, and decreased severity of pain related to oral mucositis. Complications of oral mucositis can be tremendously reduced by the topical application of local Saudi honey and honey should be used as an integrative approach in prophylaxis and treatment of chemo/radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients. Further research is needed to elucidate and better understand the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application (YAJCPMA), King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S. Al Muhayawi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abear Hussein
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman Elfiki
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saad M. Al Muhayawi
- Department of Head & Neck Surgical Oncology, KAUH, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Almasaudi
- Biology Department, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application (YAJCPMA), King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Steve Harakeh
- Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application (YAJCPMA), King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, KFMRC, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Arshad Malik MS, Al Jaouni SK, Harakeh SM, Arshad Malik MF. Review-Therapeutic implications of Nigella sativa against cancer metastasis. Pak J Pharm Sci 2016; 29:1881-1884. [PMID: 28476718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nigella sativa (N. sativa), remedial usage against different diseases associated with skeleton, cardiovascular, digestive and urinary systems has a long-standing history. At present, efforts are underway to study its effects against various cancers at both the cellular and molecular levels. In this review, the role of active constituents like thymoquinone (TQ) on different types of cancer has been explored. TQ putative involvement in metastasis has been assessed by elucidating its effects on cell proliferation, adhesion, invasion and angiogenesis. Up regulation of caspase 3, Smac and down regulation of p-AKT, p65, XIAP, Bcl-2, COX-2 is also influenced by N. sativa. These findings prove a significant positive correlation between TQ concentrations and induction of apoptosis, decrease in motility and a reduction in invasion and angiogenesis in cancerous cells. However, there are still quite a few unaddressed domains, which need to be understood. One of these may include target specificity of N. sativa against cancerous tissues, mode of administration, dosage and downstream regulators in mediating these effects. In reference to earlier findings and low cost availability, N. sativa may, also, be suggested as either a suitable sole remedy for cancer or as a complementary to ongoing conventional therapy based extensive and rigorous in vivo optimization and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prophetic Medicine Application, King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU),Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
| | - Steve M Harakeh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Prophetic Medicine Application, King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU),Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
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Almasaudi SB, El-Shitany NA, Abbas AT, Abdel-dayem UA, Ali SS, Al Jaouni SK, Harakeh S. Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Antiulcer Potential of Manuka Honey against Gastric Ulcer in Rats. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2015; 2016:3643824. [PMID: 26770649 PMCID: PMC4685122 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3643824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Gastric ulcers are among the most common diseases affecting humans. This study aimed at investigating the gastroprotective effects of manuka honey against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The mechanism by which honey exerts its antiulcer potential was elucidated. Four groups of rats were used: control, ethanol (ulcer), omeprazole, and manuka honey. Stomachs were examined macroscopically for hemorrhagic lesions in the glandular mucosa, histopathological changes, and glycoprotein detection. The effects of oxidative stress were investigated using the following indicators: gastric mucosal nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxide (MDA, measured as malondialdehyde) glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase. Plasma tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and IL-6 were also measured. Manuka honey significantly decreased the ulcer index, completely protected the mucosa from lesions, and preserved gastric mucosal glycoprotein. It significantly increased gastric mucosal levels of NO, GSH, GPx, and SOD. Manuka honey also decreased gastric mucosal MDA and plasma TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 concentrations. In conclusion, manuka honey likely exerted its antiulcer, effect by keeping enzymatic (GPx and SOD) and nonenzymatic (GSH and NO) antioxidants as well as inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a reduced form, inhibited lipid peroxidation (MDA), and preserved mucous glycoproteins levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad B. Almasaudi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagla A. El-Shitany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt
| | - Aymn T. Abbas
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Gastroenterology Surgery Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Umama A. Abdel-dayem
- Animal Facility Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad S. Ali
- Anatomy Department (Cytology and Histology), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology and Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steve Harakeh
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Al Jaouni SK, Al Muhayawi MS, Halawa TF, Al Mehayawi MS. Treatment adherence and quality of life outcomes in patients with sickle cell disease. Saudi Med J 2013; 34:261-265. [PMID: 23475090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and to measure the impact of treatment adherence on disease complication, severity, crisis, and outcome. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study on patients with SCD who attended the Hematology Clinic at King Abdulaziz University Hospital from January 2009 to December 2011. We measured the primary outcome of health-related quality of life (HRQL) using the World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument (WHOQOL-BREF). Data were collected and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Analysis of HRQL was carried out along the scoring of WHOQOL-BREF. RESULTS One hundred fifteen patients completed the questionnaire. Eighty-seven patients (75.7%) had severe SCD, while 28 (24.3%) had mild disease. Patients with severe disease had a low HRQL (p=0.002). Pain episodes were the main cause of hospitalization (n=59; 51.3%). Thirty-six of patients (31.3%) who had pain episodes were on regular narcotics and had low HRQL scores (p=0.0001). The HRQL scores significantly decreased as pain levels increased. Patients with delayed treatment or those who were not adherent to treatment showed worse HRQL scores (p=0.001). CONCLUSION Treatment adherence and early intervention in SCD improved HRQL outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad K Al Jaouni
- Hematology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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