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Kawaf RR, Ramadan WS, El-Awady R. Deciphering the interplay of histone post-translational modifications in cancer: Co-targeting histone modulators for precision therapy. Life Sci 2024; 346:122639. [PMID: 38615747 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Chromatin undergoes dynamic regulation through reversible histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), orchestrated by "writers," "erasers," and "readers" enzymes. Dysregulation of these histone modulators is well implicated in shaping the cancer epigenome and providing avenues for precision therapies. The approval of six drugs for cancer therapy targeting histone modulators, along with the ongoing clinical trials of numerous candidates, represents a significant advancement in the field of precision medicine. Recently, it became apparent that histone PTMs act together in a coordinated manner to control gene expression. The intricate crosstalk of histone PTMs has been reported to be dysregulated in cancer, thus emerging as a critical factor in the complex landscape of cancer development. This formed the foundation of the swift emergence of co-targeting different histone modulators as a new strategy in cancer therapy. This review dissects how histone PTMs, encompassing acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, SUMOylation and ubiquitination, collaboratively influence the chromatin states and impact cellular processes. Furthermore, we explore the significance of histone modification crosstalk in cancer and discuss the potential of targeting histone modification crosstalk in cancer management. Moreover, we underscore the significant strides made in developing dual epigenetic inhibitors, which hold promise as emerging candidates for effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan R Kawaf
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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Lozon L, Ramadan WS, Kawaf RR, Al-Shihabi AM, El-Awady R. Decoding cell death signalling: Impact on the response of breast cancer cells to approved therapies. Life Sci 2024; 342:122525. [PMID: 38423171 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a principal cause of cancer-related mortality in female worldwide. While many approved therapies have shown promising outcomes in treating breast cancer, understanding the intricate signalling pathways controlling cell death is crucial for optimizing the treatment outcome. A growing body of evidence has unveiled the aberrations in multiple cell death pathways across diverse cancer types, highlighting these pathways as appealing targets for therapeutic interventions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on the cell death signalling mechanisms with a particular focus on their impact on the response of breast cancer cells to approved therapies. Additionally, we discuss the potentials of combination therapies that exploit the synergy between approved drugs and therapeutic agents targeting modulators of cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama Lozon
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Rawan R Kawaf
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Aya M Al-Shihabi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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Ahmed M, Semreen AM, Giddey AD, Ramadan WS, El-Awady R, Soares NC, El-Huneidi W, Bustanji Y, Alqudah MAY, Alzoubi KH, Semreen MH. Proteomic and metabolomic signatures of U87 glioblastoma cells treated with cisplatin and/or paclitaxel. Ann Med 2024; 55:2305308. [PMID: 38253025 PMCID: PMC10810643 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2305308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary malignancy of the central nervous system and is classified as a grade IV astrocytoma by the World Health Organization (WHO). Although GBM rarely metastasizes, its prognosis remains poor. Moreover, the standard treatment for GBM, temozolomide (TMZ), is associated with chemoresistance, which is a major factor behind GBM-related deaths. Investigating drugs with repurposing potential in the context of GBM is worthwhile to bypass lengthy bench-to-bedside research. The field of omics has garnered significant interest in scientific research because of its potential to delineate the intricate regulatory network underlying tumor development. In particular, proteomic and metabolomic analyses are powerful approaches for the investigation of metabolic enzymes and intermediate metabolites since they represent the functional end of the cancer phenotype. METHODS We chose two of the most widely prescribed anticancer drugs, cisplatin and paclitaxel. To our knowledge, the current literature lacks studies examining their effects on metabolic and proteomic alterations in GBM. We employed the mass spectrometry technological platform 'UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS' to examine the changes in the proteome and metabolome profiles of the U87 cell line with defined concentrations of cisplatin and/or paclitaxel via an untargeted approach. RESULTS A total of 1,419 distinct proteins and 90 metabolites were generated, and subsequent analysis was performed. We observed that upon treatment with cisplatin (9.5 μM), U87 cells exhibited apparent efforts to cope with this exogenous stressor, understanding the effect of paclitaxel (5.3 μM) on altering the transport machinery of the cell, and how the combination of cisplatin and/or paclitaxel suggests potential interactions with promising benefits in GBM therapeutics. CONCLUSION Our research provides a detailed map of alterations in response to cisplatin and paclitaxel treatment, provides crucial insights into the molecular basis of their action, and paves the way for further research to identify molecular targets for this elusive malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahlam M. Semreen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alexander D. Giddey
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nelson C. Soares
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Hamad M, Al-Marzooq F, Srinivasulu V, Sulaiman A, Menon V, Ramadan WS, El-Awady R, Al-Tel TH. Antimicrobial activity of nature-inspired molecules against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1336856. [PMID: 38318129 PMCID: PMC10838778 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1336856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections present a serious challenge to global health. In addition to the spread of antibiotic resistance, some bacteria can form persister cells which are tolerant to most antibiotics and can lead to treatment failure or relapse. In the present work, we report the discovery of a new class of small molecules with potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and moderate activity against Gram-negative drug-resistant bacterial pathogens. The lead compound SIMR 2404 had a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 μg/mL against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA). The MIC values against Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Actinobacteria baumannii were between 8-32 μg/mL. Time-kill experiments show that compound SIMR 2404 can rapidly kill tested bacteria. Compound SIMR 2404 was also found to rapidly kill MRSA persisters which display high levels of tolerance to conventional antibiotics. In antibiotic evolution experiments, MRSA quickly developed resistance to ciprofloxacin but failed to develop resistance to compound SIMR 2404 even after 24 serial passages. Compound SIMR 2404 was not toxic to normal human fibroblast at a concentration of 4 μg/mL which is twice the MIC concentration against MRSA. However, at a concentration of 8 μg/mL or higher, it showed cytotoxic activity indicating that it is not ideal as a candidate against Gram-negative bacteria. The acceptable toxicity profile and rapid antibacterial activity against MRSA highlight the potential of these molecules for further studies as anti-MRSA agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Hamad
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Al-Marzooq
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashna Sulaiman
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Varsha Menon
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Taleb H. Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Ramadan WS, Saber-Ayad MM, Saleh E, Abdu-Allah HH, El-Shorbagi ANA, Menon V, Tarazi H, Semreen MH, Soares NC, Hafezi S, Venkatakhalam T, Ahmed S, Kanie O, Hamoudi R, El-Awady R. Design, synthesis and mechanistic anticancer activity of new acetylated 5-aminosalicylate-thiazolinone hybrid derivatives. iScience 2024; 27:108659. [PMID: 38235331 PMCID: PMC10792193 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of hybrid compounds has been widely considered as a promising strategy to circumvent the difficulties that emerge in cancer treatment. The well-established strategy of adding acetyl groups to certain drugs has been demonstrated to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. Based on our previous work, an approach of accommodating two chemical entities into a single structure was implemented to synthesize new acetylated hybrids (HH32 and HH33) from 5-aminosalicylic acid and 4-thiazolinone derivatives. These acetylated hybrids showed potential anticancer activities and distinct metabolomic profile with antiproliferative properties. The in-silico molecular docking predicts a strong binding of HH32 and HH33 to cell cycle regulators, and transcriptomic analysis revealed DNA repair and cell cycle as the main targets of HH33 compounds. These findings were validated using in vitro models. In conclusion, the pleiotropic biological effects of HH32 and HH33 compounds on cancer cells demonstrated a new avenue to develop more potent cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha M. Saber-Ayad
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekram Saleh
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | | | - Abdel-nasser A. El-Shorbagi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 16122, Egypt
| | - Varsha Menon
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamadeh Tarazi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nelson C. Soares
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shirin Hafezi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thenmozhi Venkatakhalam
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samrein Ahmed
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life sciences, University of Sheffield Hallam, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Osamu Kanie
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Madkour MM, Ramadan WS, Saleh E, El-Awady R. Epigenetic modulations in cancer: predictive biomarkers and potential targets for overcoming the resistance to topoisomerase I inhibitors. Ann Med 2023; 55:2203946. [PMID: 37092854 PMCID: PMC10128461 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2203946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Altered epigenetic map is frequently observed in cancer and recent investigations have demonstrated a pertinent role of epigenetic modifications in the response to many anticancer drugs including the DNA damaging agents. Topoisomerase I (Top I) is a well-known nuclear enzyme that is critical for DNA function and cell survival and its inhibition causes DNA strand breaks and cell cycle arrest. Inhibitors of human Top I have proven to be a prosperous chemotherapeutic treatment for a vast number of cancer patients. While the treatment is efficacious in many cases, resistance and altered cellular response remain major therapeutic issues. AREAS COVERED This review highlights the evidence available till date on the influence of different epigenetic modifications on the response to Top I inhibitors as well as the implications of targeting epigenetic alterations for improving the efficacy and safety of Top I inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION The field of epigenetic research is steadily growing. With its assistance, we could gain better understanding on how drug response and resistance work. Epigenetics can evolve as possible biomarkers and predictors of response to many medications including Top I inhibitors, and could have significant clinical implications that necessitate deeper attention.HIGHLIGHTSEpigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, play a pertinent role in the response to several anticancer treatments, including DNA damaging agents like Top I inhibitors.Although camptothecin derivatives are used clinically as Top I inhibitors for management of cancer, certain types of cancer have inherent and or acquired resistance that limit the curative potential of them.Epigenetic modifications like DNA hypomethylation can either increase or decrease sensitivity to Top I inhibitors by different mechanisms.The combination of Top I inhibitors with the inhibitors of histone modifying enzymes can result in enhanced cytotoxic effects and sensitization of resistant cells to Top I inhibitors.MicroRNAs were found to directly influence the expression of Top I and other proteins in cancer cells resulting in positive or negative alteration of the response to Top I inhibitors.lncRNAs and their genetic polymorphisms have been found to be associated with Top I function and the response to its inhibitors.Clinical trials of epigenetic drugs in combination with Top I inhibitors are plentiful and some of them showed potentially promising outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa M Madkour
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekram Saleh
- Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Ramadan WS, Alkarim S, Moulay M, Alrefeai G, Alkudsy F, Hakeem KR, Iskander A. Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment by Ellagic Acid in Rat Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Potential Target against Hepatic Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4891. [PMID: 37835585 PMCID: PMC10571579 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The resistance to therapy and relapse in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly attributed to hepatic cancer stem cells (HCSCs). HCSCs are under microenvironment control. This work aimed to assess the systemic effect of ellagic acid (EA) on the HCC microenvironment to decline HCSCs. Fifty Wistar rats were divided into six groups: negative control (CON), groups 2 and 3 for solvents (DMSO), and (OVO). Group 4 was administered EA only. The (HCC-M) group, utilized as an HCC model, administered CCL4 (0.5 mL/kg in OVO) 1:1 v/v, i.p) for 16 weeks. HCC-M rats were treated orally with EA (EA + HCC) 50 mg/kg bw for five weeks. Biochemical, morphological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical studies, and gene analysis using qRT-PCR were applied. Results revealed elevated liver injury biomarkers ALT, AST, ALP, and tumor biomarkers AFP and GGT, and marked nodularity of livers of HCC-M. EA effectively reduced the biomarkers and restored the altered structure of the livers. At the mRNA level, EA downregulated the expression of TGF-α, TGF-β, and VEGF, and restored p53 expression. This induced an increase in apoptotic cells immunostained with caspase3 and decreased the CD44 immunostained HCSCs. EA could modulate the tumor microenvironment in the HCC rat model and ultimately target the HCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Department of Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22384, Saudi Arabia;
- Embryonic Stem Cell Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alkarim
- Embryonic Stem Cell Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Moulay
- Embryonic Stem Cell Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Abdelhamid ibn Badis University, Mostaganem 27000, Algeria
| | - Ghadeer Alrefeai
- Embryonic Stem Cell Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Alkudsy
- Embryonic Stem Cell Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh
| | - Ashwaq Iskander
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Othman SA, Abou-Ghadir OF, Ramadan WS, Mostafa YA, El-Awady R, Abdu-Allah HHM. The design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of new 5-aminosalicylamide-4-thiazolinone hybrids as anticancer agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300315. [PMID: 37551741 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
New 5-aminosalicylamide-4-thiazolinone hybrids (27) were efficiently synthesized, characterized, and evaluated to explore their structure-activity relationship as anticancer agents. The antiproliferative activities of the new hybrids were evaluated against eight cancer cell lines using the sulforhodamine B assay. The most potent compound (24b) possessed high selectivity on the tested cell lines in the low micromolar range, with much lower effects on normal fibroblast cells (IC50 > 50 µM). The cell lines derived from leukemia (Jurkat), cervix (HeLa), and colon (HCT116) cancers appeared to be the most sensitive, with IC50 of 2 µM. 24b is the N-ethylamide derivative with p-dimethylaminobenzylidene at position 5 of the 4-thiazolinone moiety. Other N-substituents or arylidene derivatives showed lower activity. Hybrids with salicylamides showed lower activity than with methyl salicylate. The results clearly show that the modifications of the carboxy group and arylidene moiety greatly affect the activity. Investigating the possible molecular mechanisms of these hybrids revealed that they act through cell-cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition. Molecular docking studies rationalize the molecular interactions of 24b with EGFR. This work expands our knowledge of the structural requirements to improve the anticancer activity of 5-aminosalicylic-thiazolinone hybrids and pave the way toward multitarget anticancer salicylates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A Othman
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ola F Abou-Ghadir
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yaser A Mostafa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hajjaj H M Abdu-Allah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Ashi H, Almalki MHK, Hamed EA, Ramadan WS, Alahmadi TFH, Alami OT, Arafa SH, Alshareef AK, Alsulami FS, Alharbi AF, Al-Harbi MS, Alqurashi EH, Aashi S, Alzahrani YA, Elbanna K, Abulreesh HH. Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria against Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity to Rat Organs. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1703. [PMID: 37512876 PMCID: PMC10385160 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aflatoxin (AF), a metabolite of Aspergillus flavus, is injurious to vital body organs. The bacterial defense against such mycotoxins has attracted significant attention. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to ameliorate AF toxicity. METHODS Thirty adult male rats were divided into six groups (five each) to perform the experiments. The control (Co) group was fed a basal diet and water. Each of the following periods lasted 21 days: the milk (MK) group orally received milk (500 µL); LAB suspension (500 µL) containing 107 cfu/mL was orally provided to the LAB group; AF (0.5 mg/kg) was orally given to the AF group; and a combination of AF and LAB was administered to the AF + LAB group. The AF/LAB group was initially given AF for 21 days, followed by LAB for the same period. Finally, the rats were dissected to retrieve blood and tissue samples for hematological, biochemical, and histological studies. RESULTS The results revealed a significant decrease in RBCs, lymphocytes, total proteins, eosinophil count, albumin, and uric acid, whereas the levels of WBCs, monocytes, neutrophils, creatinine, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase significantly increased in the AF group in comparison to the control group. The histological examination of the AF group revealed necrosis and apoptosis of the kidney's glomeruli and renal tubules, nuclei vacuolization and apoptosis of hepatocytes, congestion of the liver's dilated portal vein, lymphoid depletion in the white pulp, localized hemorrhages, hemosiderin pigment deposition in the spleen, and vacuolization of seminiferous tubules with a complete loss of testis spermatogenic cells. Meanwhile, protective and therapeutic LAB administration in AF-treated rats improved the hematological, biochemical, and histological changes. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed LAB-based amelioration to AFB1-induced disruptions of the kidney, liver, spleen, and testis by inhibiting tissue damage. The therapeutic effects of LAB were comparatively more pronounced than the protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Ashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshal H K Almalki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas A Hamed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani F H Alahmadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Outour Tariq Alami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara H Arafa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer K Alshareef
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah S Alsulami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej F Alharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manahil S Al-Harbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtehal H Alqurashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shirin Aashi
- College of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khaled Elbanna
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Hussein H Abulreesh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Alniss HY, Chu C, Ramadan WS, Msallam YA, Srinivasulu V, El-Awady R, Macgregor RB, Al-Tel TH. Interaction of an anticancer benzopyrane derivative with DNA: Biophysical, biochemical, and molecular modeling studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130347. [PMID: 36958685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SIMR1281 is a potent anticancer lead candidate with multi- target activity against several proteins; however, its mechanism of action at the molecular level is not fully understood. Revealing the mechanism and the origin of multitarget activity is important for the rational identification and optimization of multitarget drugs. METHODS We have used a variety of biophysical (circular dichroism, isothermal titration calorimetry, viscosity, and UV DNA melting), biochemical (topoisomerase I & II assays) and computational (molecular docking and MD simulations) methods to study the interaction of SIMR1281 with duplex DNA structures. RESULTS The biophysical results revealed that SIMR1281 binds to dsDNA via an intercalation-binding mode with an average binding constant of 3.1 × 106 M-1. This binding mode was confirmed by the topoisomerases' inhibition assays and molecular modeling simulations, which showed the intercalation of the benzopyrane moiety between DNA base pairs, while the remaining moieties (thiazole and phenyl rings) sit in the minor groove and interact with the flanking base pairs adjacent to the intercalation site. CONCLUSIONS The DNA binding characteristics of SIMR1281, which can disrupt/inhibit DNA function as confirmed by the topoisomerases' inhibition assays, indicate that the observed multi-target activity might originate from ligand intervention at nucleic acids level rather than due to direct interactions with multiple biological targets at the protein level. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The findings of this study could be helpful to guide future optimization of benzopyrane-based ligands for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Y Alniss
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Chen Chu
- Graduate Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yousef A Msallam
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Robert B Macgregor
- Graduate Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taleb H Al-Tel
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
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11
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Alsawaf S, Alnuaimi F, Afzal S, Thomas RM, Chelakkot AL, Ramadan WS, Hodeify R, Matar R, Merheb M, Siddiqui SS, Vazhappilly CG. Plant Flavonoids on Oxidative Stress-Mediated Kidney Inflammation. Biology (Basel) 2022; 11:biology11121717. [PMID: 36552226 PMCID: PMC9774981 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is susceptible to reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular injury resulting in glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular cell apoptosis, and senescence, leading to renal failure, and is a significant cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress-mediated inflammation is a key player in the pathophysiology of various renal injuries and diseases. Recently, flavonoids' role in alleviating kidney diseases has been reported with an inverse correlation between dietary flavonoids and kidney injuries. Flavonoids are plant polyphenols possessing several health benefits and are distributed in plants from roots to leaves, flowers, and fruits. Dietary flavonoids have potent antioxidant and free-radical scavenging properties and play essential roles in disease prevention. Flavonoids exert a nephroprotective effect by improving antioxidant status, ameliorating excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and reducing oxidative stress, by acting as Nrf2 antioxidant response mediators. Moreover, flavonoids play essential roles in reducing chemical toxicity. Several studies have demonstrated the effects of flavonoids in reducing oxidative stress, preventing DNA damage, reducing inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting apoptosis-mediated cell death, thereby preventing or improving kidney injuries/diseases. This review covers the recent nephroprotective effects of flavonoids against oxidative stress-mediated inflammation in the kidney and their clinical advancements in renal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seba Alsawaf
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatema Alnuaimi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saba Afzal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rinku Mariam Thomas
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rawad Hodeify
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rachel Matar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maxime Merheb
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shoib Sarwar Siddiqui
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Cijo George Vazhappilly
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-7-246-8842
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12
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Opo FADM, Moulay M, Zari A, Alqaderi A, Alkarim S, Zari T, Bhuiyan MA, Mahmoud MM, Aljoud F, Suhail M, Edris S, Ramadan WS, Kamal MA, Nemmiche S, Ahammad F. Pharmacophore-based virtual screening approaches to identify novel molecular candidates against EGFR through comprehensive computational approaches and in-vitro studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1027890. [PMID: 36457709 PMCID: PMC9707641 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1027890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations to the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) gene, which primarily occur in the axon 18-21 position, have been linked to a variety of cancers, including ovarian, breast, colon, and lung cancer. The use of TK inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib, lapatinib, and afatinib) and monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab, panitumumab, and matuzumab) in the treatment of advanced-stage cancer is very common. These drugs are becoming less effective in EGFR targeted cancer treatment and developing resistance to cancer cell eradication, which sometimes necessitates stopping treatment due to the side effects. One in silico study has been conducted to identify EGFR antagonists using other compounds, databases without providing the toxicity profile, comparative analyses, or morphological cell death pattern. The goal of our study was to identify potential lead compounds, and we identified seven compounds based on the docking score and four compounds that were chosen for our study, utilizing toxicity analysis. Molecular docking, virtual screening, dynamic simulation, and in-vitro screening indicated that these compounds' effects were superior to those of already marketed medication (gefitinib). The four compounds obtained, ZINC96937394, ZINC14611940, ZINC103239230, and ZINC96933670, demonstrated improved binding affinity (-9.9 kcal/mol, -9.6 kcal/mol, -9.5 kcal/mol, and -9.2 kcal/mol, respectively), interaction stability, and a lower toxicity profile. In silico toxicity analysis showed that our compounds have a lower toxicity profile and a higher LD50 value. At the same time, a selected compound, i.e., ZINC103239230, was revealed to attach to a particular active site and bind more tightly to the protein, as well as show better in-vitro results when compared to our selected gefitinib medication. MTT assay, gene expression analysis (BAX, BCL-2, and β-catenin), apoptosis analysis, TEM, cell cycle assay, ELISA, and cell migration assays were conducted to perform the cell death analysis of lung cancer and breast cancer, compared to the marketed product. The MTT assay exhibited 80% cell death for 75 µM and 100µM; however, flow cytometry analysis with the IC50 value demonstrated that the selected compound induced higher apoptosis in MCF-7 (30.8%) than in A549.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Dain Md Opo
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic Stem Cell Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Moulay
- Embryonic Stem Cell Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Abdelhamid ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, Algeria
| | - Ali Zari
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Alqaderi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alkarim
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic Stem Cell Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Zari
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maged Mostafa Mahmoud
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Genetics and Enzymology Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadwa Aljoud
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif Edris
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saïd Nemmiche
- Department of Biology, Abdelhamid ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, Algeria
| | - Foysal Ahammad
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS), College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
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Semreen AM, Alsoud LO, El-Huneidi W, Ahmed M, Bustanji Y, Abu-Gharbieh E, El-Awady R, Ramadan WS, Alqudah MA, Shara M, Abuhelwa AY, Soares NC, Semreen MH, Alzoubi KH. Metabolomics Analysis Revealed Significant Metabolic Changes in Brain Cancer Cells Treated with Paclitaxel and/or Etoposide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213940. [PMID: 36430415 PMCID: PMC9693830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer of the central nervous system (CNS) is ranked as the 19th most prevalent form of the disease in 2020. This study aims to identify candidate biomarkers and metabolic pathways affected by paclitaxel and etoposide, which serve as potential treatments for glioblastoma, and are linked to the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. We utilized an untargeted metabolomics approach using the highly sensitive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) for identification. In this study, 92 and 94 metabolites in U87 and U373 cell lines were profiled, respectively. The produced metabolites were then analyzed utilizing t-tests, volcano plots, and enrichment analysis modules. Our analysis revealed distinct metabolites to be significantly dysregulated (nutriacholic acid, L-phenylalanine, L-arginine, guanosine, ADP, hypoxanthine, and guanine), and to a lesser extent, mevalonic acid in paclitaxel and/or etoposide treated cells. Furthermore, both urea and citric acid cycles, and metabolism of polyamines and amino acids (aspartate, arginine, and proline) were significantly enriched. These findings can be used to create a map that can be utilized to assess the antitumor effect of paclitaxel and/or etoposide within the studied cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam M. Semreen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leen Oyoun Alsoud
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Munazza Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad A.Y. Alqudah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohd Shara
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nelson C. Soares
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (M.H.S.); (K.H.A.)
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (M.H.S.); (K.H.A.)
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14
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Lozon L, Saleh E, Menon V, Ramadan WS, Amin A, El-Awady R. Effect of safranal on the response of cancer cells to topoisomerase I inhibitors: Does sequence matter? Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:938471. [PMID: 36120345 PMCID: PMC9479137 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.938471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung and colorectal cancers are among the leading causes of death from cancer worldwide. Although topotecan (TPT), a topoisomerase1 inhibitor, is a first- and second-line drug for lung and colon cancers, the development of drug resistance and toxicity still remain as a major obstacle to chemotherapeutic success. Accumulating evidence indicates increased efficacy and reduced toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents upon combining them with natural products. We aimed to investigate the possible interaction of safranal (SAF), a natural compound obtained from Crocus sativus stigma, with TPT when used in different sequences in colon and lung cancer cell lines. The growth inhibitory effect of the proposed combination given in different sequences was assessed using the colony formation assay. The comet assay, cell cycle distribution, Annexin-V staining, and expression of proteins involved in DNA damage/repair were utilized to understand the mechanism underlying the effect of the combination. SAF enhanced the growth inhibitory effects of TPT particularly when it was added to the cells prior to TPT. This combination increased the double-strand break induction and dysregulated the DNA repair machinery, particularly the tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 enzyme. In addition, the SAF + TPT combination increased the fraction of cells arrested at the G2/M checkpoint as well as enhanced the induction of apoptosis. The current study highlights the status of SAF as a natural product sensitizing the lung and colon cancer cells to the cytotoxic effects of the anticancer drug TPT. In addition, it emphasizes the importance of sequence-dependent interaction which can affect the overall outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama Lozon
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekram Saleh
- Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Varsha Menon
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Raafat El-Awady,
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Esmat A, Alzahrani AM, Alharthy BT, Ramadan WS, Sattar Ahmad MAA. Potential Nephroprotective Effect of Dorsomorphin Homolog 1 (DMH1) in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:2489-2500. [PMID: 35442464 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202204_28485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) represents the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. On the other hand, Bone Morphogenetic Protein signaling pathway (BMP/Smad) is one of the most interesting prophylactic targets, since inhibition of this pathway may preserve kidney functions. Therefore, a BMP pharmacological inhibitor, Dorsomorphin Homolog 1 (DMH1) was used to assess the potential nephroprotective effect in an animal model of DN. MATERIALS AND METHODS STZ-induced diabetic rat was the selected model to assess the nephroprotective effect of DMH1(5 mg/kg) for eight weeks. Rats were divided into normal control (C=10), diabetic control (DC=10), diabetic+vehicle (DV=10) and diabetic DMH1-treated rats (DT=10). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level was measured on a weekly basis. Then, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum Creatinine (sCr), Cystatin-C (Cys-C) and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) were measured by the end of the experiment. Furthermore, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in kidney tissues. The histopathological study was also performed using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and Masson's trichrome stains. RESULTS DMH1 treatment has significantly reduced HbA1c along with sCr, Cys-C and BUN vs. the diabetic non-treated groups (p < 0.001). Furthermore, TNF-α, IL-6 and MDA levels were also significantly decreased in the DT group compared to the diabetic non-treated groups (p < 0.001). This improvement was further confirmed and found in correspondence with histopathological findings. CONCLUSIONS The present findings revealed a nephroprotective activity of DMH1 against STZ-induced DN in rats. DMH1 also showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which may explain part of the nephroprotective mechanism. This can shed light on the importance of DMH1 and BMP/Smad pathway for further experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Ramadan WS, Alkarim S. Ellagic Acid Modulates the Amyloid Precursor Protein Gene via Superoxide Dismutase Regulation in the Entorhinal Cortex in an Experimental Alzheimer's Model. Cells 2021; 10:3511. [PMID: 34944019 PMCID: PMC8700605 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still increasing worldwide. The development of (AD) is related to oxidative stress and genetic factors. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of ellagic acid (EA) on the entorhinal cortex (ERC), which plays a major role in episodic memory, in the brains of an AD rat model. AD was induced using AlCl3 (50 mg/kg orally for 4 weeks). Rats were divided into four groups: control, AD model, EA (treated with 50 mg/kg EA orally for 4 weeks), and ADEA (AD rats treated with EA after AlCl3 was stopped) groups. All rats were investigated for episodic memory using the novel object recognition test (NORT), antioxidant serum biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, histopathology of the ERC, and quantitative PCR for the superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene. EA therapy in AD rats significantly increased the discrimination index for NORT and the levels of SOD, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity. Lipid peroxidation products were decreased, and the neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques in the ERC sections were reduced after EA administration. The decrease in ERC thickness in the AD group, caused by caspase-3-mediated apoptosis and neurotoxicity due to amyloid precursor protein, was modulated by the increased SOD mRNA expression. Adjustment of the ERC antioxidant environment and decreased oxidative stress under EA administration enhanced SOD expression, resulting in the modulation of amyloid precursor protein toxicity and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis, thereby restoring episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alkarim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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Harakeh S, Qari MH, Ramadan WS, Al Jaouni SK, Almuhayawi MS, Al Amri T, Ashraf GM, Bharali DJ, Mousa SA. A Novel Nanoformulation of Ellagic Acid is Promising in Restoring Oxidative Homeostasis in Rat Brains with Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Drug Metab 2021; 22:299-307. [PMID: 33327909 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666201216170851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aluminum toxicity induces neurodegenerative changes in the brain and results in Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE Here, the aim was to evaluate the antioxidant therapeutic effects of ellagic acid (EA) and EA-loaded nanoparticles (EA-NP) in an aluminum chloride-induced AD rat model. METHODS The nanoparticles' loading of EA was 0.84/1 w/w. The in vitro release kinetics of EA from EA-NP in fetal bovine serum showed 60% release in the first 1-5 hours, followed by sustained release at 60-70% over 6-24 hours. Six groups were implemented; group 1 served as the control, group 2 received EA, group 3 received EA-NP, group 4 was the AD rat model administered AlCl3 (50 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, groups 5 (AD+EA) and 6 (AD+EA-NP) were treated with EA and EA-NP, respectively, for 2 weeks after AlCl3 was stopped. The neurotoxicity in the rat brain was examined by measuring the brain antioxidant biomarkers catalase, glutathione, and total antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid, TBA). Histopathological studies using hematoxylin and eosin, cresyl violet, silver stains, and the novel object recognition test were examined. RESULTS Data revealed significant increase of antioxidant biomarkers and decreased TBA in the EA-NP group. The pathological hallmarks of AD-vacuolation of the neurons, chromatolysis, neurofibrillary tangles, and the senile plaques in brains of the AD rat model were decreased and restoration of Nissl granules was noted. The calculated discrimination index in the behavioral test increased more in cases treated with EA-NP. CONCLUSION The treatment of AD with EA-NP was more effective than EA in alleviating the oxidative neurotoxic effects on AD rat brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Harakeh
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad H Qari
- Department of Hematology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology/Parasitology and Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, KAUH, KAU, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Al Amri
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shaker A Mousa
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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El-Awady R, Saleh E, Hamoudi R, Ramadan WS, Mazitschek R, Nael MA, Elokely KM, Abou-Gharbia M, Childers WE, Srinivasulu V, Aloum L, Menon V, Al-Tel TH. Discovery of novel class of histone deacetylase inhibitors as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 42:116251. [PMID: 34116381 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Selective inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is an important strategy in the field of anticancer drug discovery. However, lack of inhibitors that possess high selectivity toward certain HDACs isozymes is associated with adverse side effects that limits their clinical applications. We have initiated a collaborative initiatives between multi-institutions aimed at the discovery of novel and selective HDACs inhibitors. To this end, a phenotypic screening of an in-house pilot library of about 70 small molecules against various HDAC isozymes led to the discovery of five compounds that displayed varying degrees of HDAC isozyme selectivity. The anticancer activities of these molecules were validated using various biological assays including transcriptomic studies. Compounds 15, 14, and 19 possessed selective inhibitory activity against HDAC5, while 28 displayed selective inhibition of HDAC1 and HDAC2. Compound 22 was found to be a selective inhibitor for HDAC3 and HDAC9. Importantly, we discovered a none-hydroxamate based HDAC inhibitor, compound 28, representing a distinct chemical probe of HDAC inhibitors. It contains a trifluoromethyloxadiazolyl moiety (TFMO) as a non-chelating metal-binding group. The new compounds showed potent anti-proliferative activity when tested against MCF7 breast cancer cell line, as well as increased acetylation of histones and induce cells apoptosis. The new compounds apoptotic effects were validated through the upregulation of proapoptotic proteins caspases3 and 7 and downregulation of the antiapoptotic biomarkers C-MYC, BCL2, BCL3 and NFĸB genes. Furthermore, the new compounds arrested cell cycle at different phases, which was confirmed through downregulation of the CDK1, 2, 4, 6, E2F1 and RB1 proteins. Taken together, our findings provide the foundation for the development of new chemical probes as potential lead drug candidates for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raafat El-Awady
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ekram Saleh
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, United states
| | - Manal A Nael
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; Institute for Computational Molecular Science, and Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Khaled M Elokely
- Institute for Computational Molecular Science, and Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Magid Abou-Gharbia
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Phialadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Wayne E Childers
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Phialadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lujain Aloum
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Varsha Menon
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Taleb H Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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Zaher DM, Ramadan WS, El-Awady R, Omar HA, Hersi F, Srinivasulu V, Hachim IY, Al-Marzooq FI, Vazhappilly CG, Merali S, Merali C, Soares NC, Schilf P, Ibrahim SM, Al-Tel TH. A Novel Benzopyrane Derivative Targeting Cancer Cell Metabolic and Survival Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112840. [PMID: 34200264 PMCID: PMC8201054 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Today, the discovery of novel anticancer agents with multitarget effects and high safety margins represents a high challenge. Drug discovery efforts indicated that benzopyrane scaffolds possess a wide range of pharmacological activities. This spurs on building a skeletally diverse library of benzopyranes to identify an anticancer lead drug candidate. Here, we aim to characterize the anticancer effect of a novel benzopyrane derivative, aiming to develop a promising clinical anticancer candidate. (2) Methods: The anticancer effect of SIMR1281 against a panel of cancer cell lines was tested. In vitro assays were performed to determine the effect of SIMR1281 on GSHR, TrxR, mitochondrial metabolism, DNA damage, cell cycle progression, and the induction of apoptosis. Additionally, SIMR1281 was evaluated in vivo for its safety and in a xenograft mice model. (3) Results: SIMR1281 strongly inhibits GSHR while it moderately inhibits TrxR and modulates the mitochondrial metabolism. SIMR1281 inhibits the cell proliferation of various cancers. The antiproliferative activity of SIMR1281 was mediated through the induction of DNA damage, perturbations in the cell cycle, and the inactivation of Ras/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. Furthermore, SIMR1281 induced apoptosis and attenuated cell survival machinery. In addition, SIMR1281 reduced the tumor volume in a xenograft model while maintaining a high in vivo safety profile at a high dose. (4) Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the anticancer multitarget effect of SIMR1281, including the dual inhibition of glutathione and thioredoxin reductases. These findings support the development of SIMR1281 in preclinical and clinical settings, as it represents a potential lead compound for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. Zaher
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A. Omar
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Fatema Hersi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
| | - Ibrahim Y. Hachim
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah I. Al-Marzooq
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Cijo G. Vazhappilly
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, P.O. Box 10021, Ras Al Khaimah 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salim Merali
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 N Broad Street, Room 552, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (S.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Carmen Merali
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 N Broad Street, Room 552, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (S.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Nelson C. Soares
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Paul Schilf
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Saleh M. Ibrahim
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Taleb H. Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-6505-7417
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Ramadan WS, Talaat IM, Hachim MY, Lischka A, Gemoll T, El-Awady R. The impact of CBP expression in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:72. [PMID: 33827682 PMCID: PMC8028106 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of new biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic prominence will greatly enhance the management of breast cancer (BC). Several reports suggest the involvement of the histone acetyltransferases CREB-binding protein (CBP) and general control non-depressible 5 (GCN5) in tumor formation; however, their clinical significance in BC remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the value of CBP and GCN5 as markers and/or targets for BC prognosis and therapy. Expression of CBP, GCN5, estrogen receptor α (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in BC was analyzed in cell lines by western blot and in patients’ tissues by immunohistochemistry. The gene amplification data were also analyzed for CBP and GCN5 using the publicly available data from BC patients. Results Elevated expression of CBP and GCN5 was detected in BC tissues from patients and cell lines more than normal ones. In particular, CBP was more expressed in luminal A and B subtypes. Using chemical and biological inhibitors for CBP, ERα and HER2 showed a strong association between CBP and the expression of ERα and HER2. Moreover, analysis of the CREBBP (for CBP) and KAT2A (for GCN5) genes in a larger number of patients in publicly available databases showed amplification of both genes in BC patients. Amplification of CREBBP gene was observed in luminal A, luminal B and triple-negative but not in HER2 overexpressing subtypes. Furthermore, patients with high CREBBP or KAT2A gene expression had better 5-year disease-free survival than the low gene expression group (p = 0.0018 and p < 0.00001, respectively). Conclusions We conclude that the persistent amplification and overexpression of CBP in ERα- and PR-positive BC highlights the significance of CBP as a new diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in hormone-positive BC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01060-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iman M Talaat
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. .,College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. .,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mahmood Y Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Annette Lischka
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Timo Gemoll
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. .,College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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Rahman S, Mathew S, Nair P, Ramadan WS, Vazhappilly CG. Health benefits of cyanidin-3-glucoside as a potent modulator of Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:907-923. [PMID: 33740221 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Berries are natural sources of anthocyanins, especially cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), and exhibit significant antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective effects against various oxidative stress-induced disorders. C3G and its metabolites possess higher absorption and bioavailability, and interaction with gut microbiota may enhance their health benefits. Various in vitro studies have shown the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mitigating potential of C3G. However, in in vivo models, C3G exerts its cytoprotective properties by regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant-responsive element (ARE) pathway. Despite existing reports stating various health benefits of C3G, its antioxidant potential by modulating the Nrf2 pathway remains less identified. This review discusses the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response of C3G in modulating oxidative stress against DNA damage, apoptosis, carcinogen toxicity, and inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, we have reviewed the recent clinical trial data to establish cross talk between a berry-rich diet and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Rahman
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA
| | - Shimy Mathew
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, 10021, UAE
| | - Pooja Nair
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, 10021, UAE
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Cijo George Vazhappilly
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, 10021, UAE.
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Vazhappilly CG, Amararathna M, Cyril AC, Linger R, Matar R, Merheb M, Ramadan WS, Radhakrishnan R, Rupasinghe HPV. Current methodologies to refine bioavailability, delivery, and therapeutic efficacy of plant flavonoids in cancer treatment. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 94:108623. [PMID: 33705948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, several advancements have been made to improve the therapeutic efficacy of plant flavonoids, especially in cancer treatment. Factors such as low bioavailability, poor flavonoid stability and solubility, ineffective targeted delivery, and chemo-resistance hinder the application of flavonoids in anti-cancer therapy. Many anti-cancer compounds failed in the clinical trials because of unexpected altered clearance of flavonoids, poor absorption after administration, low efficacy, and/or adverse effects. Hence, the current research strategies are focused on improving the therapeutic efficacy of plant flavonoids, especially by enhancing their bioavailability through combination therapy, engineering gut microbiota, regulating flavonoids interaction with adenosine triphosphate binding cassette efflux transporters, and efficient delivery using nanocrystal and encapsulation technologies. This review aims to discuss different methodologies with examples from reported dietary flavonoids that showed an enhanced anti-cancer efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo models. Further, the review discusses the recent progress in biochemical modifications of flavonoids to improve bioavailability, solubility, and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madumani Amararathna
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Asha Caroline Cyril
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Rebecca Linger
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Charleston, Charleston, West Virginia, USA
| | - Rachel Matar
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
| | - Maxime Merheb
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Rajan Radhakrishnan
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Almuhayawi MS, Ramadan WS, Harakeh S, Al Jaouni SK, Bharali DJ, Mousa SA, Almuhayawi SM. The potential role of pomegranate and its nano-formulations on cerebral neurons in aluminum chloride induced Alzheimer rat model. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1710-1716. [PMID: 32565686 PMCID: PMC7296487 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative stress leading to degenerative changes in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is evident. Our aim was to evaluate the therapeutic and protective effects of pomegranate extract (PE) and pomegranate extract-loaded nanoparticles (PE nano) in an AlCl 3-induced AD rat model. Nanoparticles were synthesized with a PE load of 0.68% w/w, and 70 male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups: Group I was the control, Group II received PE., Group III received PE nano for 2 weeks, Group IV received AlCl 3 (50 mg/kg) daily orally for 4 weeks, Group V received PE for 2 weeks, Group VI received PE nano for 2 weeks, and Groups V and VI were started after AlCl 3 administration was stopped. Group VII received PE for 2 weeks and was stopped before AlCl 3 was administered. The Results revealed that the discrimination index in the novel object recognition test was the least in AD rat model but increased in cases protected with PE treated with PE nano. Similar results were shown based on calculating the brain weight/body weight percent. The biomarkers of antioxidant activity (catalase, glutathione and total antioxidant activity) in brain homogenate were significantly increased in groups treated with either PE or PE nano. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substance measured to estimate lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in AD rat model and decreased in groups protected with PE or treated with PE nano. Histopathological studies using hematoxylin and eosin, cresyl violet, and silver stains revealed hyaline degeneration, chromatolysis, and hallmarks of AD; neurofibrillary tangles and the senile plaques in brains of AD rat model. Restoration of the histological architecture, Nissl granules, and minimal appearance of hallmarks of AD characterized brains treated with PE or PE nano. In conclusion, PE was more effective as a protectant than a therapeutic measure in alleviating the antioxidant, lipid peroxidative effects and histopathological hallmarks in AD brains. But, the therapeutic PE-loaded nanoparticles increased the efficacy of active components and produced similar results as the protective PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine (FM), KAU, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Steve Harakeh
- Special Infectious Disease Department, King Fahd Medical Research Center, KAU, Saudi Arabia
- Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, FM, KAU, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, FM, KAU, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, FM, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dhruba J. Bharali
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Albany Nutraceuticals, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Albany Nutraceuticals, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Saad M. Almuhayawi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Shali RA, Ramadan WS. Germinated barley downregulates hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 enzyme gene expression in a hepatic steatohepatitis rat model. Anat Sci Int 2020; 95:489-497. [PMID: 32361815 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-020-00546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis are common pathological features in the progression of hepatic steatosis. In the current work, we investigated the effect of germinated barely on the structure and function of the liver and its regulatory mechanism on SDC1 gene expression in a steatohepatitis rat model. Forty-eight adult male white Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group I, control; Group II, rats fed a germinated barley diet; Group III, rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD); and Group IV, rats fed both germinated barley (GB) and a high-fat diet for 14 weeks. Biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric studies, as well as qRT-PCR, were used to analyze the effect of germinated barley on steatohepatitis. The rats in Group IV had a lower liver index percentage and improved altered lipid profile and liver function tests compared to those in Group III. Supplementation of GB with a HFD ameliorated the histopathological features in the livers of rats fed a HFD, decreased the percentage of CD68-positive macrophages, and lowered the upregulated expression of SDC1. Supplementation of a HFD with GB prohibited the deterioration of liver function, lipid profile, and alteration of liver structure; it also decreased the associated hepatic inflammation and downregulated SDC1 in liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Al-Shali
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Alzahrani YM, Alim A. Sattar MA, Kamel FO, Ramadan WS, Alzahrani YA. Possible combined effect of perindopril and Azilsartan in an experimental model of dementia in rats. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:574-581. [PMID: 32435138 PMCID: PMC7229327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Renin-angiotensin system exerted deleterious effects on learning and cognitive functions through different mechanisms. The present study has been designed to evaluate the protective effect of perindopril and azilsartan as monotherapy or in combination on aluminum chloride (AlCl3) induced neurobehavioral and pathological changes in Alzheimeric rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into nine groups (n = 6); negative control, AlCl3 treated, vehicle, AlCl3 and Azilsartan (3.5 mg/kg, 7 mg/kg) co-treated, AlCl3 and perindopril (0.5 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg) co-treated, AlCl3 and (Azilsartan 3.5 mg/kg + perindopril 0.5 mg/kg), and AlCl3 and (Azilsartan 7 mg/kg + perindopril 1 mg/kg), all groups were treated for consecutive 60 days. Then, memory function was evaluated by the Y- maze test. Amyloid Peptide - 42 (Aβ-42), Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and Nitric Oxide (NO) levels in the hippocampus were assessed with (ELISA) kits. The histopathological studies of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and Cornu Ammonis-3 (CA3) were also performed. Oral administration of either azilsartan and perindopril alone or in combined for 60 days have shown; improvement of cognitive function, significant reduction in the hippocampal levels of Aβ-42, Acetylcholinesterase, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and reserved most of histopathological changes in dentate gyrus (DG) and Cornu Ammonis-3 (CA3) that mediated by Alcl3. Our behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological studies indicate that perindopril and azilsartan have neuroprotective effects on the AD model of rats induced by AlCl3, suggesting that perindopril and azilsartan may be a candidate drugs for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya M. Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai A. Alim A. Sattar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah O. Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A. Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacy, East Jeddah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Talaat IM, Ramadan WS, Hachim MY, Hachim IY, Yakout NS, AlNusairat DM, Abdel-Rahman WM. Differential Expression of Insulin‐Like Growth Factor‐1 Receptor in Breast Cancer Subtypes: A Marker of Early Metastasis in HER‐2 Subtype. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ramadan WS, Zaher DM, Altaie AM, Talaat IM, Elmoselhi A. Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Lung and Breast Cancers through Understanding the Anti-Angiogenesis Resistance Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020565. [PMID: 31952335 PMCID: PMC7014257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast and lung cancers are among the top cancer types in terms of incidence and mortality burden worldwide. One of the challenges in the treatment of breast and lung cancers is their resistance to administered drugs, as observed with angiogenesis inhibitors. Based on clinical and pre-clinical findings, these two types of cancers have gained the ability to resist angiogenesis inhibitors through several mechanisms that rely on cellular and extracellular factors. This resistance is mediated through angiogenesis-independent vascularization, and it is related to cancer cells and their microenvironment. The mechanisms that cancer cells utilize include metabolic symbiosis and invasion, and they also take advantage of neighboring cells like macrophages, endothelial cells, myeloid and adipose cells. Overcoming resistance is of great interest, and researchers are investigating possible strategies to enhance sensitivity towards angiogenesis inhibitors. These strategies involved targeting multiple players in angiogenesis, epigenetics, hypoxia, cellular metabolism and the immune system. This review aims to discuss the mechanisms of resistance to angiogenesis inhibitors and to highlight recently developed approaches to overcome this resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa S. Ramadan
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (W.S.R.); (D.M.Z.); (A.M.A.); (A.E.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Dana M. Zaher
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (W.S.R.); (D.M.Z.); (A.M.A.); (A.E.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Alaa M. Altaie
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (W.S.R.); (D.M.Z.); (A.M.A.); (A.E.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Iman M. Talaat
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (W.S.R.); (D.M.Z.); (A.M.A.); (A.E.)
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, 21526 Alexandria, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-65057221
| | - Adel Elmoselhi
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (W.S.R.); (D.M.Z.); (A.M.A.); (A.E.)
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Al-malky HS, Damanhouri ZA, Al Aama JY, Al Qahtani AA, Ramadan WS, AlKreathy HM, Al Harthi SE, Osman AMM. Diltiazem potentiation of doxorubicin cytotoxicity and cellular uptake in human breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Management 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/bmt-2019-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Arab women and also around the world. Chronic cardiotoxicity and multidrug resistance are potential limiting factors of doxorubicin (DOX), a known anthracycline antibiotic. Materials & methods: DOX cytotoxicity was evaluated by the sulforhodamine method. DOX cellular uptake, detection of P-glycoprotein activity and the photomicrograph of MCF-7 cells were also determined. Results: Diltiazem (DIL) treatment improved DOX cytotoxic activity and increased the cellular uptake of DOX significantly and aggregation of rhodamine 123, reflecting inhibition of P-glycoprotein pump. Cytopathological investigation of MCF-7 cells revealed marked cytotoxic activity of DOX in the presence of DIL. Conclusion: DIL treatment enhanced DOX cytotoxic effect and reduced multidrug resistance, which increased the drug accumulation intracellularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdan S Al-malky
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumana Y Al Aama
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Al Qahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Huda M AlKreathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al Harthi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
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Al-Malky HS, Osman AMM, Damanhouri ZA, Alkreathy HM, Al Aama JY, Ramadan WS, Al Qahtani AA, Al Mahdi HB. Modulation of doxorubicin-induced expression of the multidrug resistance gene in breast cancer cells by diltiazem and protection against cardiotoxicity in experimental animals. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:191. [PMID: 31367189 PMCID: PMC6657176 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most important anticancer agents used in treating breast cancer. However, chronic cardiotoxicity and multidrug resistance limit the chemotherapeutic use of DOX. Methods This study aimed to evaluate the capability of calcium channel blocker diltiazem (DIL) to reverse DOX resistance in breast cancer MCF-7 cells and to confer protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. For this purpose, we explored the effects of DOX on cell cycle phase distribution and expression of ABCB1, FOXO3a, and p53 genes in the presence and absence of DIL (20 μg/ml) and studied the ability of DIL to prevent DOX-induced cardiotoxicity after a single injection of DOX (15 mg/kg) in male Wister rats. Results We found that compared with DOX alone treatment, DIL + DOX treatment down regulated the ABCB1 gene expression by > fourfold but up regulated the FOXO3a and p53 genes expression by 1.5 fold. DIL treatment conferred protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, as indicated by a decrease in the levels of the cardiac enzyme creatine kinase MB and malondialdehyde and an increase in the total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase levels. These biochemical results were further confirmed by the histopathological investigation of cardiac cells, which showed normal cardiac cells with central vesicular nuclei and prevention of DOX-induced disruption of normal cardiac architecture in the DIL to DOX group. Conclusions Taken together, our results indicate that DIL treatment can reverse the resistance of breast cancer cells to the therapeutic effects of DOX and can protect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdan S Al-Malky
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,2Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Huda M Alkreathy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumana Y Al Aama
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Princess Aljawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,6Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali A Al Qahtani
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadiah B Al Mahdi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Princess Aljawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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AlQahtani AA, Osman AMM, Damanhouri ZA, Al-Kreathy HM, Al-Malky HS, Ramadan WS, Alharthi SE, Kamel FO. Cardioprotective Effect of Marine Astaxanthin on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Normal Rats. JPRI 2019. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2019/v27i330170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective antineoplastic drug indicated to treat many cancerous diseases but its clinical usefulness is limited by many side effects. The main and the most serious one is DOX induced cardiotoxicity. Many strategies have been tried to minimize this side effect such as addition of cardioprotective agent to DOX treatment protocols.
Aims: The aim of this work was directed to investigate whether marine astaxanthin (ATX), a xanthophyll carotenoid pigment with potent antioxidant effect, could protect heart against the cardiotoxicity induced by DOX.
Methodology: Forty Male Wister rats were divided into four equal groups and treated for one week as follow: Group I rats were treated with normal saline (2 ml/kg, x7, i.p.) and considered a control group. Group II rats were treated with ATX (40 mg/kg, x7, i.p.). Group III rats were treated with normal saline (2 ml/kg, x7, i.p.) and a single dose of DOX (20 mg/kg, i.p.) at day 7. Finally, group IV rats were treated with ATX (40 mg/kg, x7, i.p) and with a single dose of DOX (20 mg/kg, i.p.) at day 7. After 24 and 48 hrs of treatment, rats were anesthetized and prepared for collection of blood samples and heart isolation. The cardioprotective effect of ATX against DOX induced cardiotoxicity were evaluated by measurement of the serum level of cardiac enzymes CPK by colorimetric assay and CK-MB by Eliza. Also the levels of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured colorimetrically. In addition, the Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined in heart tissues homogenate by colorimetric method. In addition, Heart sample were taken for histopathology studies.
Results: The Addition of ATX to DOX significantly (p<0.05) decreased the serum level of cardiac enzymes (CPK, CK-MB) and increased the serum total antioxidant capacity in compare with these levels in sera of rats treated with DOX only. This addition also significantly decreased the level of malondialdehyde and increased the reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase significantly in the heart tissues homogenate in compare to corresponding levels in rats treated with DOX alone. Histopathological investigation of cardiac tissues confirmed the biochemical studies, where addition of ATX to DOX treatment protocol showed that the fragmentation of the muscle fiber revealed normal with central vesicular nuclei and prevented a marked disruption of normal cardiac architecture which resulted from DOX treatment.
Conclusion: Marine astaxanthin provides excellent cardioprotective effect against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
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Osman AMM, Telity SA, Damanhouri ZA, Al-Harthy SE, Al-Kreathy HM, Ramadan WS, Elshal MF, Khan LM, Kamel F. Correction to: Chemosensitizing and nephroprotective effect of resveratrol in cisplatin-treated animals. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:30. [PMID: 30804709 PMCID: PMC6371602 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0750-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,2Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer, Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796 Egypt
| | - Suad A Telity
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al-Harthy
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M Al-Kreathy
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- 3Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- 4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Minoufia University, Minoufia, Egypt
| | - Lateef M Khan
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Kamel
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Karim S, Ramadan WS, Abdel-Hamid GA, Al-Qudsi F. Does Neuroectodermal Stem Cells Transplantation Restore Neural Regeneration and Locomotor Functions in Compressed Spinal Cord Injury Rat Model? INT J MORPHOL 2019. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022019000100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Al-Karim S, Ramadan WS, Abdel-Hamid GA, Al-Qudsi F. Histological and Immunohistochemical Effects of Neuroectodermal Cells Transplantation After Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. INT J MORPHOL 2019. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022019000100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ramadan WS, Abdel-Hamid GA, Al-Karim S, Zakar NAMB, Elassouli MZ. Neuroectodermal stem cells: A remyelinating potential in acute compressed spinal cord injury in rat model. J Biosci 2018; 43:897-909. [PMID: 30541950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The outcomes of compressed spinal cord injury (CSCI) necessitate radical treatment. The therapeutic potential of neuroectodermal stem cells (NESCs) in a rat model of CSCI in acute and subacute stages was assessed. White Wistar rat were divided into control, sham-operated, CSCI untreated model, CSCI grafted with NESCs at 1 day after CSCI, and at 7 days after CSCI. Primary NESC cultures were prepared from brains of embryonic day 10 (E10) mice embryos. NESCs were transplanted at the site of injury using a Hamilton syringe. Locomotor functional assessment, routine histopathology, immunostaining for (GFAP), and ultrastructure techniques for evaluating the CSI were conducted. In CSCI, areas of hemorrhage, cavitation, reactive astrocytosis, upregulated GFAP expression of immunostained areas, degeneration of the axoplasm and demyelination were observed. One day after grafting with NESCs, a decrease in astrocyte reaction and pathological features, quantitative and qualitative enhancement of remyelination and improved locomotor activity were observed. Treatment with NESCs at 7 days after CSCI did not mitigatethe reactive astrocytosis and glial scar formation that hindered the ability of the NESCs to enhance remyelination of axons. In conclusion, the microenvironment and time of NESCs transplantation affect activity of astrocytes and remyelination of axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa S Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,
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Ramadan WS, Abdel-Hamid GA, Al-Karim S, Zakar NAMB, Elassouli MZ. Neuroectodermal stem cells: A remyelinating potential in acute compressed spinal cord injury in rat model. J Biosci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-018-9812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ramadan WS, Abdel-Hamid GA, Al-Karim S, Abbas AT. Histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of secondary compressed spinal cord injury in a rat model. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2018; 55:11-20. [PMID: 28509312 DOI: 10.5603/fhc.a2017.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-disrupting condition in which the first few days are the most critical. Secondary conditions remain the main causes of death for people with SCI. The response of different cell types to SCI and their role at different times in the progression of secondary degeneration are not well understood. The aim of this study was to study the histopathological changes of compressed spinal cord injury (CSCI) in a rat model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. In group I, the rats were left without any surgical intervention (control). In group II, the rats were subjected to laminectomy without spinal cord compression (sham-operated). In group III, the rats were sacrificed one day after CSCI. In group IV, the rats were sacrificed seven days after CSCI. The light microscopy was employed to study the morphology using H&E, osmic acid staining and immunohistochemistry to detect glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The electron microscopy was applied for ultrastructure study. RESULTS Histopathological examination of the posterior funiculus of the white matter revealed minute hemorrhages and localized necrotic areas on day 1, which transformed to areas of cavitation and fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by a demarcating rim of numerous astrocytes by day 7. The mean percentage of area of GFAP expression increased significantly by day 7. Osmic acid staining revealed swollen nerve fibers after one day, while numerous fibers had been lost by day 7. An ultrastructure study revealed swollen redundant thinned myelin and myelin splitting, as well as degeneration of axoplasm on day 1. On day 7, layers of the myelin sheath were folded and wrinkled with partial or complete demyelination areas. The myelin lamellae were disorganized and loose. The G-ratio was significantly greater on day 1 than day 7 after CSCI. CONCLUSIONS In the rat model of CSCI details of the progressive spinal cord injury can be analyzed by morphological methods and may be helpful in the identification of the onset and type of clinical intervention.
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Al Jehani EM, Alsaggaf S, Ramadan WS, Ali SS. Neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against cerebellar histopathological changes in propylthiouracilinduced hypothyroidism in adult rats. TROP J PHARM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i5.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ramadan WS, Sait KH, Anfinan NM. Anticancer activity of aqueous myrrh extract alone and in combination with cisplatin in HeLa cells. TROP J PHARM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i4.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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M. Osman AM, M. Al-Krea H, Al-Zahrani A, A. Ahmed O, Ramadan WS, F. ElShal M, E. Al-Hart S, Ali AS, M. Khan L. Enhancement of Efficacy and Reduced Toxicity of Cisplatin Through Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS). INT J PHARMACOL 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.292.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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ElKady AI, Ramadan WS. The aqueous extract of cinnamon bark ameliorated cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in vero cells without compromising the anticancer efficiency of cisplatin. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2016; 160:363-71. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2016.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Ramadan WS, Sait KH, Anfinan NM, Sait H. The chemosensitizing effect of aqueous extract of sweet fennel on cisplatin treated HeLa cells. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2016; 43:358-364. [PMID: 27328491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is an important chemotherapeutic agent that is widely used in treatment of several malignancies, but its side effects on normal tissues and organs limit its use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of sweet fennel alone and in combination with cisplatin on human cervical cancer adenocarcinoma cell line (HeLa cells) searching for an effective, inexpensive therapy with minimal side effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS HeLa cell line was used to study the cytotoxic effect of different concentrations of the aqueous extract of sweet fennel alone and in combination with 50 μg/ml cisplatin. Quantitative measure of drug interaction was quantified by the combination index. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to analyze the sweet fennel decoction. MTT assay was used to examine cell viability percentage. Electron microscopy was applied to study the ultrastructure of the cells. RESULTS The phenyl propanoids (23%) and phenols (12%) constituted the highest percentage of the aqueous extract. Increasing the concentration of sweet fennel from 50 μg/ml to 80 μg/ml, decreased the percentage of the cell viability of HeLa cells from 86.74% to 78.28%, respectively. Further decrease to 11.31% was demonstrated when 50 μg/ml of fennel was combined with 50 μg/ml cisplatin (additive effect). In addition to the signs of apoptosis observed in HeLa cells at 50 μg/ml of fennel, disruption of both nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes and presence of autophagolysosomes were noticed at a dose of 80 μg/ml. Combination of 50 μg/ml of cisplatin with 60, 70, and 80 μg/ml of sweet fennel revealed no significant difference in comparison to cisplatin alone. The combination with 50 μg/ml of sweet fennel revealed marked vacuolization of the cytoplasm, fragmentation of the nucleus, and complete disruption of nuclear membrane. CONCLUSIOn: Combination of cisplatin and the 50 μg/ml of the fennel could enhance cervical cancer growth inhibition. This combination could be effective in lowering the dose of single or repeated cumulative courses of cisplatin and hence decreases its hazardous side effects. In vivo studies and the evaluation of different combination doses of cisplatin and sweet fennel are recommended.
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Abd El Aziz GS, Ramadan WS, El-Fark MO, Saleh HAM. The beneficial roles of insulin and parathyroid hormones in the treatment of experimentally induced diabetic osteoporosis in female rats: bone mineral density, morphometric and histological studies. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2015; 75:341-354. [PMID: 26711653 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2015.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoporosis are two frequent medical conditions with an increasing prevalence in elderly people and are responsible for large number of incurable fractures. This study is designed experimentally in female rats in order to determine whether combined treatment of insulin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) enhances the reversibility of the osteoporotic changes that occurred in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 30 adult female rats aged 3 months were used, they were randomly divided into: control group (6 rats) and diabetes group (24 rats), in which experimental DM was induced by i.p. injection of a single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg/body weight). Diabetic group was further divided into four subgroups (6 rats each): non-treated diabetic, insulin-treated (8-12 units s.c./day of Humalin U-40), PTH-treated (6.0 μg s.c./kg/day) and combined insulin and PTH-treated subgroups. All tested groups were assessed for body weight, food and water consumptions. RESULTS At the end of the experimental period, the bone mineral density (BMD) was measured for all rats of different groups; then the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for measuring glucose, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin levels. Right femora were dissected out and subjected to measurement of diameter of neck and shaft, length of shaft, and weight. Then the femora specimens were processed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histological study. The results showed that there was a statistically significant, decrease in BMD, increase in the level of alkaline phosphate, and decrease in the level of osteocalcin in rats in diabetic group compared with other groups; these parameters improved in other groups, especially in diabetes/insulin/PTH group. The rats in diabetic group showed statistically significant decrease in neck and shaft diameters and weight of femur bone compared with other groups, while rats in diabetes/insulin/PTH group showed a significant improvement of these parameters. In diabetic group, there were different histopathological changes in cortical bone and Haversian canals, which improved in other groups, especially in rats in diabetes/insulin/PTH group. CONCLUSIONS The untreated DM resulted in dramatic reduction in BMD and morphometric parameters. Treatment with insulin ameliorated these effects to some extent, while PTH co--treatment had a more positive effect. The combination of PTH and insulin resulted in stronger improvement of all parameters to approximately like those of control rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M O El-Fark
- Faculty of medicine king abdulaziz univ, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Osman AMM, Alqahtani AA, Damanhouri ZA, Al-Harthy SE, ElShal MF, Ramadan WS, Kamel F, Osman MAM, Khan LM. Dimethylsulfoxide excerbates cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:104. [PMID: 26516314 PMCID: PMC4625967 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin (CIS) is a potent antineoplastic agent with high therapeutic efficacy against many kinds of tumors. Its use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. The aim of this work was to minimize cisplatin effective dose and the possible reduction of
its severe side effects. The present study was designed to assess the role of sulfur containing agent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on sensitization of mammary carcinoma, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC), to the action of cisplatin and at the same time the possible protective effect against cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in experimental animals. Methods To evaluate these effects we have explored the cisplatin effect on the survival time of tumor-bearing animals, tumor weight, cisplatin cellular uptake, apoptosis induction and cell cycle distribution and renal function in presence and absence of DMSO. Results Cisplatin at dose of 4.5 mg/kg increased the mean survival time of tumor bearing mice to 37 days compared with tumor bearing control mice. Pretreatment of tumor bearing mice with DMSO 50 % (2 ml/kg equal to 1 gm/kg) 2 h. before cisplatin showed a significant increase in their mean survival time 43 days compared to cisplatin treated animals. DMSO pretreatment retained rat’s serum urea and creatinine levels to normal compared to animals treated with cisplatin alone. Conclusion DMSO pretreatment enhanced the cytotoxic activity of cisplatin against the growth of EAC in vivo and showed protective effects against cisplatin-induce nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali A Alqahtani
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al-Harthy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F ElShal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechniology Department, Minoufia University, Minoufia, Egypt
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Kamel
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Lateef M Khan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Osman AMM, Telity SA, Telity SA, Damanhouri ZA, Al-Harthy SE, Al-Kreathy HM, Ramadan WS, Elshal MF, Khan LM, Kamel F. Chemosensitizing and nephroprotective effect of resveratrol in cisplatin -treated animals. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:6. [PMID: 25709558 PMCID: PMC4337247 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin (CIS) is one of the most effective anticancer drug used in the treatment of several solid tumors .Its use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. The present study was designed to assess the role of a natural product resveratrol (RSVL) on sensitization of mammary carcinoma (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) to the action of CIS and the possible protective effect against CIS-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods The percent survival of female tumor bearing mice was used for determination the cytotoxic activity of CIS in the presence or the absence of RSVL. Uptake and cell cycle effect, serum creatinine (CREA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Reduced Glutathione (GSH) and histopatholgical examination of kidney tissues after CIS and/or RSVL therapy were also investigated. Results RSVL increased the intracellular level of CIS in EAC cells and there was a strong correlation between the high cellular level of CIS and its cytotoxicity. CIS at a dose level of 5 mg/kg increased the mean survival time of female tumor bearing mice to 25 days compared with 17 days for tumor-bearing control mice. Administration of RSVL at a dose level of 25 mg/kg simultaneously with CIS increased the mean survival time to 48 days with 60% survival of the tumor-bearing animals. Cell cycle analysis of tumor cells showed that CIS treatment decreases the proliferation index of tumor cells while in presence of RSVL there was more significant inhibitions. Also, CIS treatment caused increase in level of creatinine and blood urea with significant decrease in the GSH level. While, in the presence of RSVL, level of creatinine and blood urea restored to control level. Conclusion This study suggests that RSVL could increase the cytotoxic activity of CIS and protect against its nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Pharmacology unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796 Egypt
| | | | - Saud A Telity
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al-Harthy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M Al-Kreathy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Department of biochemistry, Faculty of science, king abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Molecular Biology and Genetic engineering and Biotechnology Department, Minoufia Universitym Minoufia, Minoufia, Egypt
| | - Lateef M Khan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Kamel
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Harthi SE, Alarabi OM, Ramadan WS, Alaama MN, Al-Kreathy HM, Damanhouri ZA, Khan LM, Osman AMM. Amelioration of doxorubicin‑induced cardiotoxicity by resveratrol. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1455-60. [PMID: 25059399 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), is a highly active anticancer agent, but its clinical use is limited by its severe cardiotoxic side‑effects associated with increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. Resveratrol (RSVL) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) found primarily in root extracts of the oriental plant Polygonum cuspidatum and of numerous additional plant species. It has recently been shown that RSVL has a number of beneficial effects in different biological systems, which include anti-oxidant, antineoplastic, anticarcinogenic, cardioprotective and antiviral effects. In this study, we examined whether RSVL has protective effects against DOX‑induced free radical production and cardiotoxicity in male rats. The tested dose of DOX (20 mg/kg) caused a significant increase in the serum activities of the cardiac enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the heart tissue. However, there was a significant decrease in the glutathione level in the heart tissue. Simultaneous treatment of rats with RSVL [10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection] reduced the activity of LDH and CPK and significantly reduced MDA production in the heart. The total antioxidant capacity was increased following RSVL administration. Electron microscopy examination of the heart tissue showed that DOX treatment results in massive fragmentation and lysis of the myofibrils, and that mitochondria show either vacuolization or complete loss of the cristae. Simultaneous treatment with RSVL ameliorated the effect of DOX administration on cardiac tissue, with cardiomyocytes appearing normal compared to the control samples, and mitochondria retaining their normal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer E Al-Harthi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohoud M Alarabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed N Alaama
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M Al-Kreathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lateef M Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Osman AMM, Al-Harthi SE, AlArabi OM, Elshal MF, Ramadan WS, Alaama MN, Al-Kreathy HM, Damanhouri ZA, Osman OH. Chemosensetizing and cardioprotective effects of resveratrol in doxorubicin- treated animals. Cancer Cell Int 2013; 13:52. [PMID: 23714221 PMCID: PMC3680308 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-13-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline antibiotic is one of the most effective anticancer drug used in the treatment of variety of cancers .Its use is limited by its cardiotoxicity. The present study was designed to assess the role of a natural product resveratrol (RSVL) on sensitization of mammary carcinoma (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) to the action of DOX and at the same time its protective effect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. METHODS Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing mice were used in this study. Percent survival of tumor bearing mice was used for determination of the Cytotoxic activity of DOX in presence and absence of RSVL. Uptake and cell cycle effect of DOX in tumor cells in the presence of RSVL was also determined. Histopatholgical examination of heart tissues after DOX and/or RSVL therapy was also investigated. RESULTS DOX at a dose level of 15 mg/kg increased the mean survival time of tumor bearing mice to 21 days compared with 15 days for non tumor-bearing control mice. Administration of RSVL at a dose level of 10 mg/kg simultaneously with DOX increased the mean survival time to 30 days with 70% survival of the tumor-bearing animals. RSVL increased the intracellular level of DOX and there was a strong correlation between the high cellular level of DOX and its cytotoxic activity. Moreover, RSVL treatment showed 4.8 fold inhibition in proliferation index of cells treated with DOX. Histopathological analysis of rat heart tissue after a single dose of DOX (20 mg/kg) showed myocytolysis with congestion of blood vessels, cytoplasmic vacuolization and fragmentation. Concomitant treatment with RSVL, fragmentation of the muscle fiber revealed normal muscle fiber. CONCLUSION This study suggests that RSVL could increase the cytotoxic activity of DOX and at the same time protect against its cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameer E Al-Harthi
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohoud M AlArabi
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Molecular biology Department, Genetic engineering and Biotechniology Department, Minoufia University, Minoufia, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed N Alaama
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M Al-Kreathy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osman H Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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