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Chen C, Liu Y, Shen Y, Zhu L, Yao L, Wang X, Zhang A, Li J, Wu J, Qin L. Rosmarinic acid, the active component of Rubi Fructus, induces apoptosis of SGC-7901 and HepG2 cells through mitochondrial pathway and exerts anti-tumor effect. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3743-3755. [PMID: 37338574 PMCID: PMC10643355 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a well-known phenolic acid widely present in over 160 species of herbal plants and known to exhibit anti-tumor effects on breast, prostate, and colon cancers in vitro. However, its effect and mechanism in gastric cancer and liver cancer are unclear. Moreover, there is no RA report yet in the chemical constituents of Rubi Fructus (RF). In this study, RA was isolated from RF for the first time, and the effect and mechanism of RA on gastric and liver cancers were evaluated using SGC-7901 and HepG2 cells models. The cells were treated with different concentrations of RA (50, 75, and 100 μg/mL) for 48 h, and the effect of RA on cell proliferation was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. The effect of RA on cell morphology and mobility was observed by inverted fluorescence microscopy, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins cytochrome C, cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 was detected by western blotting. The results revealed that, with an increase in the RA concentration, the cell viability, mobility, and Bcl-2 expression decreased, while the apoptosis rate, Bax, cytochrome C, and cleaved caspase-3 expression increased, and SGC-7901 and HepG2 cells could be induced to arrest their cell cycle in the G0/G1 and S phases, respectively. These results together indicate that RA can induce apoptosis of SGC-7901 and HepG2 cells through the mitochondrial pathway. Thus, this study supplements the material basis of the anti-tumor activity of RF and provides an insight into the potential mechanism of RA-inducing apoptosis of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells and liver cancer HepG2 cells, thereby facilitating further developmental studies on and the utilization of the anti-tumor activity of RF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlun Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Yi Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Lumeng Yao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Anna Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Jiao Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Luping Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
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Mohmad Saberi SE, Chua LS. Potential of rosmarinic acid from Orthosiphon aristatus extract for inflammatory induced diseases and its mechanisms of action. Life Sci 2023; 333:122170. [PMID: 37827234 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Orthosiphon aristatus has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb for various illnesses in Southeast Asia and Europe. The most dominant bioactive compound of the herb is rosmarinic acid (RosA) which has been demonstrated for its remarkable anti-inflammatory properties. This review describes the recent progress of studies on multi-target molecular pathways of RosA in relation to targeted inflammatory-associated diseases. An inclusive literature search was conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer Link, PubMed, Medline, Wiley and Science Direct for studies reporting on the anti-inflammatory actions of RosA from 2008 until 2023. The keywords of the search were RosA and anti-inflammatory in relation to hepatoprotective, chondroprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and toxicity. Only publications that are written in English are included in this review. The inhibition and deactivation of pro-inflammatory biomolecules by RosA were explained based on the initial inflammation stimuli and their location in the body. The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 expression to inhibit NF-κB pathway is the key mechanism for hepatoprotection. Besides NF-κB inhibition, RosA activates PPARγ to alleviate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury for cardioprotection. The regulation of MAPK and T-cell activation is important for chondroprotection, whereas the anti-oxidant property of RosA is the main contributor of neuroprotection. Even though less studies on the anti-inflammation of RosA extracts from O. aristatus, but the effective pharmacological properties of RosA has promoted it as a natural potent lead for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salfarina Ezrina Mohmad Saberi
- Herbal and Phytochemical Unit, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Suan Chua
- Herbal and Phytochemical Unit, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
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3
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Singla RK, Wang X, Gundamaraju R, Joon S, Tsagkaris C, Behzad S, Khan J, Gautam R, Goyal R, Rakmai J, Dubey AK, Simal-Gandara J, Shen B. Natural products derived from medicinal plants and microbes might act as a game-changer in breast cancer: a comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11880-11924. [PMID: 35838143 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2097196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent neoplasm among women. Genetic and environmental factors lead to BC development and on this basis, several preventive - screening and therapeutic interventions have been developed. Hormones, both in the form of endogenous hormonal signaling or hormonal contraceptives, play an important role in BC pathogenesis and progression. On top of these, breast microbiota includes both species with an immunomodulatory activity enhancing the host's response against cancer cells and species producing proinflammatory cytokines associated with BC development. Identification of novel multitargeted therapeutic agents with poly-pharmacological potential is a dire need to combat advanced and metastatic BC. A growing body of research has emphasized the potential of natural compounds derived from medicinal plants and microbial species as complementary BC treatment regimens, including dietary supplements and probiotics. In particular, extracts from plants such as Artemisia monosperma Delile, Origanum dayi Post, Urtica membranacea Poir. ex Savigny, Krameria lappacea (Dombey) Burdet & B.B. Simpson and metabolites extracted from microbes such as Deinococcus radiodurans and Streptomycetes strains as well as probiotics like Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus brevis MK05 have exhibited antitumor effects in the form of antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity, increase in tumors' chemosensitivity, antioxidant activity and modulation of BC - associated molecular pathways. Further, bioactive compounds like 3,3'-diindolylmethane, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, rutin, resveratrol, lycopene, sulforaphane, silibinin, rosmarinic acid, and shikonin are of special interest for the researchers and clinicians because these natural agents have multimodal action and act via multiple ways in managing the BC and most of these agents are regularly available in our food and fruit diets. Evidence from clinical trials suggests that such products had major potential in enhancing the effectiveness of conventional antitumor agents and decreasing their side effects. We here provide a comprehensive review of the therapeutic effects and mechanistic underpinnings of medicinal plants and microbial metabolites in BC management. The future perspectives on the translation of these findings to the personalized treatment of BC are provided and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev K Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rohit Gundamaraju
- ER Stress and Mucosal Immunology Lab, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Shikha Joon
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sahar Behzad
- Evidence-based Phytotherapy and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rupesh Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, MM School of Pharmacy, MM University, Sadopur, Haryana, India
| | - Rajat Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, MM School of Pharmacy, MM University, Sadopur, Haryana, India
| | - Jaruporn Rakmai
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Nabil-Adam A, Ashour ML, Shreadah MA. Modulation of MAPK/NF-κB Pathway and NLRP3 Inflammasome by Secondary Metabolites from Red Algae: A Mechanistic Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37971-37990. [PMID: 37867644 PMCID: PMC10586274 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacological properties of seaweeds are diverse. No studies have been conducted on the protective effect of Galaxaura oblongata (GOE) against lippopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in the brain. This study is divided into three phases, the first of which is the initial phase. In vitro study includes antioxidant, radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory activities, including cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1), COX2, NO, acetylcholine inhibition, sphingosine kinase 1, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6, as well as antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid. Using LPS-induced acute inflammation, the second phase was conducted in vivo. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays were performed to investigate the protective role of GOE. In addition to the phytochemical analysis, the bioactive content of GOE was also investigated. In vitro results demonstrated the potential of GOE as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agent. A study using LPS as an induced lung injury and neuroinflammation model confirmed the in vitro results. The GOE significantly reduced inflammatory, oxidative, and neurodegenerative biomarkers based on histopathological and immuno-histochemistry results. Based on computational drug design, four target proteins were approved: nuclear factor κB, mitogen-activated protein kinases, TNF-α, and NLRP3. Using polyphenolic compounds in GOE as ligands demonstrated good alignment and affinity against the three proteins. Finally, the current study offers a new approach to developing drug leads considering GOE's protective and curative roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Nabil-Adam
- Marine
Biotechnology and Natural Products Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Alexandria 21556, Egypt
| | - Mohamed L. Ashour
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams
University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P. O. Box
6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Attia Shreadah
- Marine
Biotechnology and Natural Products Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Alexandria 21556, Egypt
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Azhar MK, Anwar S, Hasan GM, Shamsi A, Islam A, Parvez S, Hassan MI. Comprehensive Insights into Biological Roles of Rosmarinic Acid: Implications in Diabetes, Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:4297. [PMID: 37836581 PMCID: PMC10574478 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals are abundantly occurring natural compounds extracted from plant sources. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an abundant phytochemical of Lamiaceae species with various therapeutic implications for human health. In recent years, natural compounds have gained significant attention as adjuvant and complementary therapies to existing medications for various diseases. RA has gained popularity due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and its roles in various life-threatening conditions, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, diabetes, etc. The present review aims to offer a comprehensive insight into the multifaceted therapeutic properties of RA, including its potential as an anticancer agent, neuroprotective effects, and antidiabetic potential. Based on the available evidences, RA could be considered a potential dietary component for treating various diseases, including cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Khabeer Azhar
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Saleha Anwar
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 364, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (A.I.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (A.I.); (M.I.H.)
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6
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Ijaz S, Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Ullah Z, Yaseen T, Kanwal S, Mahmood T, Sydykbayeva S, Ydyrys A, Almarhoon ZM, Sharifi-Rad J, Hano C, Calina D, Cho WC. Rosmarinic acid and its derivatives: Current insights on anticancer potential and other biomedical applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114687. [PMID: 37062215 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still the leading cause of death worldwide, burdening the global medical system. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is among the first secondary metabolites discovered and it is a bioactive compound identified in plants such as Boraginaceae and Nepetoideae subfamilies of the Lamiaceae family, including Thymus masticmasti chinaythia koreana, Ocimum sanctum, and Hyptis pectinate. This updated review is to highlight the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects of RA and its derivatives, thus providing valuable clues for the potential development of some complementary drugs in the treatment of cancers. Relevant information about RA's chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects and its derivatives were collected from electronic scientific databases, such as PubMed/Medline, Scopus, TRIP database, Web of Science, and Science Direct. The results of the studies showed numerous significant biological effects such as antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, antioxidant and antiangiogenic effects. Most of the studies on the anticancer potential with the corresponding mechanisms are still in the experimental preclinical stage and are missing evidence from clinical trials to support the research. To open new anticancer therapeutic perspectives of RA and its derivatives, future clinical studies must elucidate the molecular mechanisms and targets of action in more detail, the human toxic potential and adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Ijaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda 24420, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Banzeer Ahsan Abbasi
- Department of Botany, Rawalpindi Women University, 6th Road, Satellite Town, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Zakir Ullah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Tabassum Yaseen
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda 24420, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Kanwal
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sandugash Sydykbayeva
- Higher School of Natural Sciences, Zhetysu University named after I.Zhansugurov, 040009 Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan
| | - Alibek Ydyrys
- Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi ave. 71, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Zainab M Almarhoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie Des Ligneux Et Des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328 Université ď Orléans, 45067 Orléans Cedex2, France.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Hasan MR, Alotaibi BS, Althafar ZM, Mujamammi AH, Jameela J. An Update on the Therapeutic Anticancer Potential of Ocimum sanctum L.: "Elixir of Life". Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031193. [PMID: 36770859 PMCID: PMC9919305 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In most cases, cancer develops due to abnormal cell growth and subsequent tumour formation. Due to significant constraints with current treatments, natural compounds are being explored as potential alternatives. There are now around 30 natural compounds under clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. Tulsi, or Holy Basil, of the genus Ocimum, is one of the most widely available and cost-effective medicinal plants. In India, the tulsi plant has deep religious and medicinal significance. Tulsi essential oil contains a valuable source of bioactive compounds, such as camphor, eucalyptol, eugenol, alpha-bisabolene, beta-bisabolene, and beta-caryophyllene. These compounds are proposed to be responsible for the antimicrobial properties of the leaf extracts. The anticancer effects of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum L.) have earned it the title of "queen of herbs" and "Elixir of Life" in Ayurvedic treatment. Tulsi leaves, which have high concentrations of eugenol, have been shown to have anticancer properties. In a various cancers, eugenol exerts its antitumour effects through a number of different mechanisms. In light of this, the current review focuses on the anticancer benefits of tulsi and its primary phytoconstituent, eugenol, as apotential therapeutic agent against a wide range of cancer types. In recent years, tulsi has gained popularity due to its anticancer properties. In ongoing clinical trials, a number of tulsi plant compounds are being evaluated for their potential anticancer effects. This article discusses anticancer, chemopreventive, and antioxidant effects of tulsi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Raghibul Hasan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-56-241-6571
| | - Bader Saud Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad Mohammed Althafar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hussain Mujamammi
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jafar Jameela
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
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Syarifah AN, Suryadi H, Hayun H, Simamora A, Mun’im A. Detoxification of comfrey ( Symphytum officinale L.) extract using natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1012716. [PMID: 36937831 PMCID: PMC10020234 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1012716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) contains rosmarinic acid which has different pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the medicinal use of comfrey is limited by the hepatotoxic effect of lycopsamine in comfrey, which overshadows the health benefits of rosmarinic acid. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) have a wide range of extraction properties, that provides a new approach to the detoxification of comfrey. In the present study, betaine-based and choline chloride-based NADES were screened for selective extraction of rosmarinic acid over lycopsamine. Ultrasonication was used in conjunction with NADES extraction. The chemical profile of the NADES extracts on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatotoxic activities were investigated using some chemical reagents. Betaine-urea (1:2 molar ratio, 50% water) obtained the highest content of rosmarinic acid and a low level of lycopsamine (1.934 and 0.018 mg/g, respectively). Betaine-urea was also shown to be more effective to extract rosmarinic acid compared to methanol-UAE under the same conditions, which gave lower rosmarinic acid and higher lycopsamine levels (0.007 and 0.031 mg/g, respectively). Betaine-urea extracts showed higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as compared with other NADES extracts, however, had lower hepatotoxic profile. This study recommends the use of betaine-urea to detroxify comfrey to open wider opportunities for the development of comfrey for medicinal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andiri Niza Syarifah
- Graduate Program, Universitas Indonesia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Depok, Indonesia
- Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herman Suryadi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Hayun Hayun
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical, Medicinal and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Adelina Simamora
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta, Indonesia
- National Metabolomic Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Mun’im
- National Metabolomic Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- *Correspondence: Abdul Mun’im,
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9
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Suha AJ, Sadr SS, Roghani M, Haftcheshmeh SM, Khamse S, Momtazi-Borojeni AA. Ferulic Acid Attenuates Kainate-induced Neurodegeneration in a Rat Poststatus Epilepticus Model. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:178-187. [PMID: 35232370 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220225093737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Increasing research evidence indicates that temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) induced by kainic acid (KA) has high pathological similarities with human TLE. KA induces excitotoxicity (especially in the acute phase of the disease), which leads to neurodegeneration and epileptogenesis through oxidative stress and inflammation. Ferulic acid (FA) is one of the well-known phytochemical compounds that have shown potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and promise in treating several diseases. The current study set out to investigate the neuroprotective effects of FA in a rat model of TLE. METHODS Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Pretreatment with FA (100 mg/kg/day p.o.) started one week before the intrahippocampal injection of KA (0.8 μg/μl, 5μl). Seizures were recorded and evaluated according to Racine's scale. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring its indicators, including malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, and catalase. Histopathological evaluations including Nissl staining and immunohistochemical staining of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and neural nitric oxide synthases (nNOS) were performed for the CA3 region of the hippocampus. RESULTS Pretreatment with FA significantly attenuates the severity of the seizure and prevents neuronal loss in the CA3 region of the hippocampus in rats with KA-induced post-status epilepticus. Also, nitrite concentration and nNOS levels were markedly diminished in FA-pretreated animals compared to non-pretreated epileptic rats. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that neuroprotective properties of FA, therefore, could be considered a valuable therapeutic supplement in treating TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jaafari Suha
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Shahabeddin Sadr
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadian Haftcheshmeh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Safoura Khamse
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Iran's National Elites Foundation, Tehran, Iran
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Lee H, Kim H, Kim JH, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Lactobacillus paracasei HY7015 and Lycopus lucidus Turcz. Extract Promotes Human Dermal Papilla Cell Cytoprotective Effect and Hair Regrowth Rate in C57BL/6 Mice. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238235. [PMID: 36500327 PMCID: PMC9738319 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hair loss is a disease that requires accurate diagnosis and type-specific medical treatment. Many hair loss treatments have some side effects, such as hormone-related effects, so there is a need for safe and effective hair loss treatment. In this study, we investigated the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei HY7015 (HY7015) and Lycopus lucidus Turcz. (LT) extract on hair regrowth and protection. In vitro experiments were conducted to assess the effects of HY7015 and/or LT extract on human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC) of cytoprotective functions such as proliferations, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and growth factor expressions. In animal experiments, we investigated hair regrowth rate, hair follicle formation and secretion of growth factors in telogenic C57BL/6 mice. We confirmed the cytoprotective effects of HY7015 and LT through regulations of proliferation, SOD and IL-1β in HFDPC. In mouse experiments, oral administration of HY7015 and LT promoted hair regrowth as well as hair follicle maturation in the dermal skin of C57BL/6 mice, and upregulated VEGF and IGF-1 growth factor levels in mouse serum. In summary, our data demonstrate that ingestions of HY7015 and LT can promote hair regrowth by enhancing cytoprotective effects and expressions of growth factors.
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Chaitanya MVNL, Ramanunny AK, Babu MR, Gulati M, Vishwas S, Singh TG, Chellappan DK, Adams J, Dua K, Singh SK. Journey of Rosmarinic Acid as Biomedicine to Nano-Biomedicine for Treating Cancer: Current Strategies and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2401. [PMID: 36365218 PMCID: PMC9696899 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenolic metabolite found in various culinary, dietary sources, and medicinal plants like Coleus scutellarioides (Linn) Benth., Lavandula angustifolia Linn., Mellisa officinalis Linn., Origanum vulgare Linn., Rosmarinus officinalis Linn., Zataria multiflora Boiss. and Zhumeria majdae Rech. F. Apart from its dietary and therapeutic values, RA is an important anticancer phytochemical owing to its multi-targeting anticancer mechanism. These properties provide a scope for RA's therapeutic uses beyond its traditional use as a dietary source. However, its oral bioavailability is limited due to its poor solubility and permeability. This impedes its efficacy in treating cancer. Indeed, in recent years, tremendous efforts have been put towards the development of nanoformulations of RA for treating cancer. However, this research is in its initial stage as bringing a nanoparticle into the market itself is associated with many issues such as stability, toxicity, and scale-up issues. Considering these pitfalls during formulation development and overcoming them would surely provide a new face to RA as a nanomedicine to treat cancer. A literature search was conducted to systematically review the various biological sources, extraction techniques, and anticancer mechanisms through which RA showed multiple therapeutic effects. Various nanocarriers of RA pertaining to its anticancer activity are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Malakapogu Ravindra Babu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Jon Adams
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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12
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Zhao J, Xu L, Jin D, Xin Y, Tian L, Wang T, Zhao D, Wang Z, Wang J. Rosmarinic Acid and Related Dietary Supplements: Potential Applications in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101410. [PMID: 36291619 PMCID: PMC9599057 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer constitutes a severe threat to human health and quality of life and is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Natural dietary products have drawn substantial attention in cancer treatment and prevention due to their availability and absence of toxicity. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is known for its excellent antioxidant properties and is safe and effective in preventing and inhibiting tumors. This review summarizes recent publications on culture techniques, extraction processes, and anti-tumor applications of RA-enriched dietary supplements. We discuss techniques to improve RA bioavailability and provide a mechanistic discussion of RA regarding tumor prevention, treatment, and adjuvant therapy. RA exhibits anticancer activity by regulating oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and metastasis. These data suggest that daily use of RA-enriched dietary supplements can contribute to tumor prevention and treatment. RA has the potential for application in anti-tumor drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Zhao
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Liwei Xu
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Di Jin
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yu Xin
- School of pharmaceutical sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Tan Wang
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (J.W.)
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Dahchour A. Anxiolytic and antidepressive potentials of rosmarinic acid: A review with a focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106421. [PMID: 36096427 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders that have emerged as global health concerns. Anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs, such as benzodiazepines, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and tricyclics, are the first line used in treating anxiety and depression. Although these drugs lack efficacy and have a delayed response time and numerous side effects, their widespread abuse and market continue to grow. Over time, traditional practices using natural and phytochemicals as alternative therapies to chemical drugs have emerged to treat many pathological conditions, including anxiety and depression. Recent preclinical studies have demonstrated that the phenolic compound, rosmarinic acid, is effective against several neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. In addition, rosmarinic acid showed various pharmacological effects, such as cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, lung protective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, the potentialities of the use of rosmarinic acid in the treatment of nervous system-related disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are less or not yet reviewed. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to present several preclinical and clinical studies, when available, from different databases investigating the effects of rosmarinic acid on anxiety and depression. These studies showed that rosmarinic acid produces advantageous effects on anxiety and depression through its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review will examine and discuss the possibility that the anxiolytic and anti-depressive effects of rosmarinic acid could be associated with its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Dahchour
- Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco.
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14
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Mićović T, Katanić Stanković JS, Bauer R, Nöst X, Marković Z, Milenković D, Jakovljević V, Tomović M, Bradić J, Stešević D, Stojanović D, Maksimović Z. In vitro, in vivo and in silico evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential of Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. aristatus (Godr.) Nyman (Lamiaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115201. [PMID: 35358622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal properties of hyssop have been used in traditional medicine since ancient times, inter alia, in diseases/conditions with an inherent inflammatory process. AIM OF THE STUDY Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of hyssop herb preparations (essential oil and methanol extracts) in vivo, in vitro and in silico. MATERIALS AND METHODS For in vitro testing of essential oils and extracts of hyssop herb, the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme assays were used. In vivo anti-inflammatory potential of the extracts (at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) was assessed using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test. Molecular docking and dynamics were used for in silico testing of the inhibitory activity of chlorogenic (CA) and rosmarinic (RA) acids, as the dominant compounds in the tested methanol extracts against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. RESULTS Significant inhibitory activity was shown in the COX-2 test regarding extracts (essential oils did not exhibit any significant activity). Namely, all analyzed extracts, at a concentration of 20 μg/mL, showed a percentage of inhibition of COX-2 enzyme (54.04-63.04%), which did not indicate a statistically significant difference from the positive control of celecoxib (61.60%) at a concentration of 8.8 μM. In vivo testing showed that all methanol extracts of hyssop herb, at the highest test dose of 200 mg/kg in the third and fourth hours, after carrageenan administration, exhibited a statistically significant (p < 0.05) inhibitory effect on the increase in rat paw edema in relation to control. This activity is comparable or higher in relation to the reference substance, indomethacin, at a concentration of 8 mg/kg. The preliminary in silico results suggest that investigated compounds (RA and CA) showed better inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2 than standard non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), ibuprofen, as evident from the free binding energy (ΔGbind in kJ mol-1). The binding energies of the docked compounds to COX-1 and -2 were found to be in the range between -47.4 and -49.2 kJ mol-1. Ibuprofen, as the one NSAID, for the same receptors targets, showed remarkably higher binding energy (ΔGbind = -31.3 kJ mol-1 to COX-1, and ΔGbind = -30.9 kJ mol-1 to COX-2). CONCLUSION The results obtained not only support the traditional use of hyssop herb in inflammatory conditions in folk medicine, but also open the door to and the need for further in vivo testing of extracts in order to examine the molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity in living systems and possibly develop a new anti-inflammatory drug or supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Mićović
- Institute for Medicines and Medical Devices of Montenegro, Bulevar Ivana Crnojevića 64a, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Jelena S Katanić Stanković
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Xuehong Nöst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Zoran Marković
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dejan Milenković
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljević
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia; Department of Human Pathology, First Moscow State Medical University I. M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya street 8, str. 2, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Tomović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana Bradić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Danijela Stešević
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Danilo Stojanović
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Maksimović
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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15
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Talib WH, AlHur MJ, Al.Naimat S, Ahmad RE, Al-Yasari AH, Al-Dalaeen A, Thiab S, Mahmod AI. Anticancer Effect of Spices Used in Mediterranean Diet: Preventive and Therapeutic Potentials. Front Nutr 2022; 9:905658. [PMID: 35774546 PMCID: PMC9237507 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.905658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with almost 10 million cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2020, so any investigation to prevent or cure this disease is very important. Spices have been studied widely in several countries to treat different diseases. However, studies that summarize the potential anticancer effect of spices used in Mediterranean diet are very limited. This review highlighted chemo-therapeutic and chemo-preventive effect of ginger, pepper, rosemary, turmeric, black cumin and clove. Moreover, the mechanisms of action for each one of them were figured out such as anti-angiogenesis, antioxidant, altering signaling pathways, induction of cell apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, for several types of cancer. The most widely used spice in Mediterranean diet is black pepper (Piper nigrum L). Ginger and black cumin have the highest anticancer activity by targeting multiple cancer hallmarks. Apoptosis induction is the most common pathway activated by different spices in Mediterranean diet to inhibit cancer. Studies discussed in this review may help researchers to design and test new anticancer diets enriched with selected spices that have high activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
- *Correspondence: Wamidh H. Talib
| | - Mallak J. AlHur
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sumaiah Al.Naimat
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rawand E. Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Anfal Al-Dalaeen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Samar Thiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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16
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Zhou X, Wang W, Li Z, Chen L, Wen C, Ruan Q, Xu Z, Liu R, Xu J, Bai Y, Deng J. Rosmarinic Acid Decreases the Malignancy of Pancreatic Cancer Through Inhibiting Gli1 Signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153861. [PMID: 34864627 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosmarinic acid (RA) has been shown to exert anti-tumor effects on various types of cancer. However, its roles in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of RA on PDAC as well as the underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN Evaluation of the effects of RA on PDAC malignancy both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay, colony formation assay, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU) incorporation assay, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis assay were conducted to assess the inhibitory effect of RA on PDAC cell proliferation. Meanwhile, western blotting and RT-qPCR assay were performed to detect the target gene expression at protein and mRNA levels, respectively. Moreover, the in vivo anti-tumor activities of RA were assayed in an xenograft mouse model of PDAC. RESULTS RA dramatically down-regulated Gli1 and its downstream targets. Further studies showed that RA prevents the nuclear translocation of Gli1, while promoting the degradation of cytosolic Gli1 via the proteasome pathway. Moreover, we observed that RA induced G1/S cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the PDAC cells through regulating the expression of P21, P27, CDK2, Cyclin E, Bax, and Bcl-2, it inhibited the PDAC cell migration and invasion via E-cadherin and MMP-9. Notably, Gli1 overexpression markedly reversed the above RA-induced effects on PDAC cells, whereas Gli1 knockdown enhanced the effects. Additionally, the in vivo assays demonstrated that RA suppresses the tumor growth of PDAC presumably by inhibiting Gli1. CONCLUSION We provided evidence that RA restrained the nuclear translocation of Gli1 and facilitates Gli1 degradation via proteasome pathway, reducing the malignancy of PDAC cells. These findings implicated RA as a therapeutic agent for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chunmei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qingqing Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Rongdiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jinzhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling 317500, China
| | - Yongheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Center for Health Assessment, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Center for Health Assessment, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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17
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Chan EWC, Wong SK, Chan HT. An overview of the chemistry and anticancer properties of rosemary extract and its diterpenes. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2022.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae, has promising anticancer activity. This overview has updated the current knowledge on the chemistry and anticancer properties of rosemary extract, carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmanol, focusing on colon and prostate cancer cells since they are the most susceptible. The information was procured from Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, J-Stage, and PubChem. Phenolic compounds isolated from the aerial parts of R. officinalis are flavonoids, phenolic acids, diterpenes, triterpenes, terpenoids, and phenylpropanoids. Some of the compounds are new to science, to the genus, and to the species. Almost 30 compounds possess anticancer properties. Rosemary extracts contain abietane diterpenes, with carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmanol being the most common. Their molecular structures are similar to three fused aromatic rings. Carnosic acid has a –COOH group at C20, carnosol has a lactone ring occurs across the B ring, and rosmanol has a –OH group at C7. Against colon and prostate cancer cells, the rosemary extract and diterpenes inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. The inhibition of cell migration and adhesion has also been reported. The rosemary extract and diterpenes also inhibited colon and prostate cancer xenograft in mice. Rosemary extract is more cytotoxic than the diterpenes due to its polyphenols such as flavonoids and triterpenes. In vitro and in vivo cytotoxic activities involve different molecular targets and signalling pathways. Some prospects and areas for future research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Wei Chiang Chan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siu Kuin Wong
- School of Foundation Studies, Xiamen University Malaysia, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hung Tuck Chan
- Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME), Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0129, Japan
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18
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Synergistic Herb-Herb Interaction of the Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Syzygium aromaticum and Rosmarinus officinalis Combination. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8916618. [PMID: 34804185 PMCID: PMC8601806 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8916618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of alternative medicine to treat pain has been increased, and the combination of several medicinal plants for its relief is a common practice in traditional medicine. The present study is aimed at determining whether a combination of Syzygium aromaticum (S. aromaticum) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (R. officinalis) potentiates their antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. These effects were explored using the formalin and carrageenan assays in rats, respectively. Animals received local pretreatment with S. aromaticum oil or R. officinalis ethanolic extract (0.1-100 μg/paw) alone or combined in a 1 : 1 rate. Concentration-response curves were built to compare pharmacological responses after an individual administration of S. aromaticum, R. officinalis, or their combination. The pharmacological interaction was investigated by an isobolographic study using the EC50 of each component in a fixed 1 : 1 ratio. S. aromaticum and R. officinalis administered alone showed significant and concentration-dependent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects, but R. officinalis was more potent than S. aromaticum in both the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects (EC50 = 7.96 ± 0.6 μg/paw vs. EC50 = 41.6 ± 1.7 μg/paw; EC50 = 1.97 ± 0.3 μg/paw vs. EC50 = 26.9 ± 2.5 μg/paw, respectively). The isobolographic analysis of the combination of these species in a 1 : 1 ratio showed a synergistic interaction between S. aromaticum and R. officinalis since Z mix (experimental value) was lower than Z add (theoretical value) for both the antinociceptive effect (Z mix = 0.45 ± 0.1 < Z add = 24.8 ± 1.3) and the anti-inflammatory effect (Z mix = 5.2 ± 0.6 < Z add = 14.4 ± 2.2), suggesting a potentiation for both pharmacological effects. These results prove evidence of the efficacy of mixture herb-herb used in folk medicine for pain therapy. It also emphasizes the requirement of pharmacological studies to explore the efficacy and safety of herb interactions.
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19
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Contardi M, Lenzuni M, Fiorentini F, Summa M, Bertorelli R, Suarato G, Athanassiou A. Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Derivatives Formulations for Skin Damages and Disorders: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:999. [PMID: 34371691 PMCID: PMC8309026 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations of skin homeostasis are widely diffused in our everyday life both due to accidental injuries, such as wounds and burns, and physiological conditions, such as late-stage diabetes, dermatitis, or psoriasis. These events are locally characterized by an intense inflammatory response, a high generation of harmful free radicals, or an impairment in the immune response regulation, which can profoundly change the skin tissue' repair process, vulnerability, and functionality. Moreover, diabetes diffusion, antibiotic resistance, and abuse of aggressive soaps and disinfectants following the COVID-19 emergency could be causes for the future spreading of skin disorders. In the last years, hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives have been investigated and applied in several research fields for their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial activities. First, in this study, we give an overview of these natural molecules' current source and applications. Afterwards, we review their potential role as valid alternatives to the current therapies, supporting the management and rebalancing of skin disorders and diseases at different levels. Also, we will introduce the recent advances in the design of biomaterials loaded with these phenolic compounds, specifically suitable for skin disorders treatments. Lastly, we will suggest future perspectives for introducing hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives in treating skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Contardi
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Martina Lenzuni
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
- DIBRIS, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fiorentini
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
- DIBRIS, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Summa
- Translational Pharmacology, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Translational Pharmacology, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Giulia Suarato
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
- Translational Pharmacology, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Athanassia Athanassiou
- Smart Materials, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (G.S.)
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Rahbardar MG, Eisvand F, Rameshrad M, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. In Vivo and In Vitro Protective Effects of Rosmarinic Acid against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:747-760. [PMID: 34085575 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1931362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anticancer medicine that may trigger cardiomyopathy. Rosmarinic acid (RA) has shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. This investigation assessed the cardioprotective effect of RA on DOX-induced-toxicity in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Male rats were randomized on 7 groups: (1) control, (2) DOX (2 mg/kg, per 48 h, 12d, i.p), (3) RA (40 mg/kg, 12d, i.p.), (4-6) RA (10, 20, 40 mg/kg, 16d, i.p.)+ DOX, (7) Vitamin E (200 mg/kg, per 48 h, 16d, i.p.) + DOX and then indices of cardiac function were estimated. Also, DOX and rosmarinic acid effects were examined on MCF7 cells (breast cancer cells line) to clarify that both cardiotoxicity and anticancer effects were analyzed. DOX increased heart to body weight ratio, RRI, QA, STI, QRS duration and voltage, attenuated HR, blood pressure, Max dP/dt, Min dP/dt, LVDP, enhanced MDA, declined GSH amount, and caused fibrosis and necrosis in cardiac tissue. Administration of RA ameliorated the toxic effects of DOX. In vitro studies showed that RA did not affect the cytotoxic effect of DOX. RA as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective compound could be a promising compound to help minimize DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farhad Eisvand
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Rameshrad
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Bibi Marjan Razavi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Extraction of chlorophyll and carotenoids loaded into chitosan as potential targeted therapy and bio imaging agents for breast carcinoma. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1150-1160. [PMID: 33865895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, the treatment efficacy of ECHCAH was evaluated in vitro studies using cell viability and flow cytometry in human TNBCs. The results here showed significant gradual reduction in growth of TNBCs (MDA-231cell lines) after their exposure to serial concentrations for hydrogel assembly (5 μg/mL to 25 μg/mL) for 24 and 48 h, representing (86 ± 1% to 45 ± 1.5% p < 0.001) and (79 ± 1.5% to 35 ± 2.5% p < 0.001) respectively. The flow cytometry showed significant increase in the present of late apoptotic and necrotic cells (64% ± 1.2 and 27% ± 0.3 p < 0.001) after 48 h incubation compared to untreated cells (1.13% ± 0.3 and 4% ± 0.2 p < 0.001) respectively. It can be summarized that ECHCA inside targeted hydrogel assemblies can inhibit proliferation of cancer cells.
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Hussain A, Bourguet-Kondracki ML, Hussain F, Rauf A, Ibrahim M, Khalid M, Hussain H, Hussain J, Ali I, Khalil AA, Alhumaydhi FA, Khan M, Hussain R, Rengasamy KRR. The potential role of dietary plant ingredients against mammary cancer: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2580-2605. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1855413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
- Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245 MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki
- Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245 MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Farhad Hussain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pukhtanuk (KP), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Salle), Germany
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Kannan R. R. Rengasamy
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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Abstract
(1) Background: this research aims at studying the nephroprotective properties of BNO 2103 in a model of chromate-induced renal failure in rats and at proving the possibility of using BNO 2103 in clinical practice for the complex treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). (2) Methods: fifty rats divided into five groups were studied. The drugs BNO 2103, Prednisolone and Lespephril were administered within 20 days. The excretory function and the functional state of kidneys, blood biochemical parameters and indicators of nitrogen metabolism were determined. (3) Results: under the influence of BNO 2103, there was a significant improvement in renal excretory function, in nitrogen metabolism and blood biochemical parameters compared with the control pathology group. BNO 2103 also outperformed the comparators in most indicators. (4) Conclusions: BNO 2103 has demonstrated nephroprotective, hypoazotemic and diuretic effects; and can be used to implement to the combined therapy of CKD.
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Abdullah FI, Chua LS, Mohd Bohari SP, Sari E. Rationale of Orthosiphon aristatus for Healing Diabetic Foot Ulcer. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20953308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. is traditionally used for wound healing in South East Asia and scientifically proven for its antidiabetic potential. Wounds due to diabetes, especially diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), always involve a complicated healing process. The present work aims to review the information on the rationale of the phytochemicals from O. aristatus in promoting DFU healing. The findings showed that the DFU healing potential of O. aristatus was characterized by a reduction in the blood glucose level, mainly attributed to the significant concentration of constituents such as caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, and sinensetin in the plant extract. These phytochemicals possibly induce insulin secretion and sensitivity, improve the lipid profile, and stimulate glucose uptake. Furthermore, the healing effect may also be contributed to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperglycemic properties of the plant. The roles of phytochemicals have been systematically postulated in the 4 phases of the healing process. Moreover, no adverse toxic sign or abnormality has been reported upon oral administration of the plant extract. This suggests that O. aristatus extract could be a potential diabetic wound healing phytomedicine for further preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Izana Abdullah
- Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Suan Chua
- Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Eka Sari
- Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Research Centre of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Serang, Banten, Indonesia
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Andrijauskaite K, Wargovich MJ. Role of natural products in breast cancer related symptomology: Targeting chronic inflammation. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:370-378. [PMID: 32891720 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. There have been many advancements in the treatment of breast cancer leading to an increased population of patients living with this disease. Accumulating evidence suggests that cancer diagnosis and aftermath experienced stress could not only affect the quality of life of cancer patients, but it could also influence their disease outcome. The magnitude of stress experienced by breast cancer patients is often compared to the post-traumatic stress disorder-like symptoms suggested to be mediated by the chronic inflammation including NF-κB, AKt, p53 and other inflammatory pathways. Here, we describe the symptomology of PTSD-like symptoms in breast cancer patients and argue that they may in fact be caused by or maintained through aspects of chronic inflammation mediated by the pro-inflammatory markers. Evidence exists that natural products that might attenuate or lessen the effects of chronic inflammation abound in the diet. We summarize some possible agents that might abate the genesis of symptoms experienced by breast cancer patients while mitigating the effect of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Andrijauskaite
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, United States.
| | - Michael J Wargovich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, United States
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26
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Anwar S, Shamsi A, Shahbaaz M, Queen A, Khan P, Hasan GM, Islam A, Alajmi MF, Hussain A, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Rosmarinic Acid Exhibits Anticancer Effects via MARK4 Inhibition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10300. [PMID: 32587267 PMCID: PMC7316822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65648-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK4) is a potential drug target for different types of cancer as it controls the early step of cell division. In this study, we have screened a series of natural compounds and finally identified rosmarinic acid (RA) as a potential inhibitor of MARK4. Molecular docking and 500 ns all-atom simulation studies suggested that RA binds to the active site pocket of MARK4, forming enough number of non-covalent interactions with critical residues and MARK4-RA complex is stable throughout the simulation trajectory. RA shows an excellent binding affinity to the MARK4 with a binding constant (K) of 107 M-1. Furthermore, RA significantly inhibits MARK4 activity (IC50 = 6.204 µM). The evaluation of enthalpy change (∆H) and entropy change (∆S) suggested that the MARK4-RA complex formation is driven by hydrogen bonding and thus complexation process is seemingly specific. The consequence of MARK4 inhibition by RA was further evaluated by cell-based tau-phosphorylation studies, which suggested that RA inhibited the phosphorylation of tau. The treatment of cancer cells with RA significantly controls cell growth and subsequently induces apoptosis. Our study provides a rationale for the therapeutic evaluation of RA and RA-based inhibitors in MARK4 associated cancers and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Anwar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohd Shahbaaz
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospekt, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia
| | - Aarfa Queen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Parvez Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohamed F Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Allegra A, Tonacci A, Pioggia G, Musolino C, Gangemi S. Anticancer Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L.: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potentials. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1739. [PMID: 32532056 PMCID: PMC7352773 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative treatments for neoplastic diseases with new drugs are necessary because the clinical effectiveness of chemotherapy is often reduced by collateral effects. Several natural substances of plant origin have been demonstrated to be successful in the prevention and treatment of numerous tumors. Rosmarinus officinalis L. is a herb that is cultivated in diverse areas of the world. There is increasing attention being directed towards the pharmaceutical capacities of rosemary, utilized for its anti-inflammatory, anti-infective or anticancer action. The antitumor effect of rosemary has been related to diverse mechanisms, such as the antioxidant effect, antiangiogenic properties, epigenetic actions, regulation of the immune response and anti-inflammatory response, modification of specific metabolic pathways, and increased expression of onco-suppressor genes. In this review, we aim to report the results of preclinical studies dealing with the anticancer effects of rosemary, the molecular mechanisms related to these actions, and the interactions between rosemary and anticancer drugs. The prospect of utilizing rosemary as an agent in the treatment of different neoplastic diseases is discussed. However, although the use of rosemary in the therapy of neoplasms constitutes a fascinating field of study, large and controlled studies must be conducted to definitively clarify the real impact of this substance in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Haematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Tonacci
- Clinical Physiology Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Haematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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Ahmad R, Khan MA, Srivastava A, Gupta A, Srivastava A, Jafri TR, Siddiqui Z, Chaubey S, Khan T, Srivastava AK. Anticancer Potential of Dietary Natural Products: A Comprehensive Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:122-236. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191015103712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nature is a rich source of natural drug-like compounds with minimal side effects. Phytochemicals
better known as “Natural Products” are found abundantly in a number of plants. Since time immemorial, spices
have been widely used in Indian cuisine as flavoring and coloring agents. Most of these spices and condiments
are derived from various biodiversity hotspots in India (which contribute 75% of global spice production) and
form the crux of India’s multidiverse and multicultural cuisine. Apart from their aroma, flavor and taste, these
spices and condiments are known to possess several medicinal properties also. Most of these spices are mentioned
in the Ayurveda, the indigenous system of medicine. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative,
antihypertensive and antidiabetic properties of several of these natural products are well documented in
Ayurveda. These phytoconstituemts are known to act as functional immunoboosters, immunomodulators as well
as anti-inflammatory agents. As anticancer agents, their mechanistic action involves cancer cell death via induction
of apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. The present review provides a comprehensive and collective update
on the potential of 66 commonly used spices as well as their bioactive constituents as anticancer agents. The
review also provides an in-depth update of all major in vitro, in vivo, clinical and pharmacological studies done
on these spices with special emphasis on the potential of these spices and their bioactive constituents as potential
functional foods for prevention, treatment and management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Mohsin A. Khan
- Chancellor, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - A.N. Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Aditi Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tanvir R. Jafri
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Zainab Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Sunaina Chaubey
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tahmeena Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, UP, India
| | - Arvind K. Srivastava
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
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Polyphenol Profile and Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Natural Mentha × piperita and Mentha longifolia Populations in Northern Saudi Arabia. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8040479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
New sources of polyphenols with anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties in arid environments are critical for the development of alternative medicines and natural remedies. This study explored the polyphenol profiles and biological activities of methanolic leaf extracts from natural Mentha × piperita and Mentha longifolia populations in northern Saudi Arabia. Chromatographic analyses identified several polyphenols in M. × piperita including phenolic acids: rosmarinic acid (1547.6 mg/100 g DW (dry weight)), cryptochlorogenic acid (91.7 mg/100 g DW), and chlorogenic acid (69.4 mg/100 g DW), as well as flavonoids: naringin (328.8 mg/100 g DW) and cynaroside (162.8 mg/100 g DW). The major polyphenols in M. longifolia were: rosmarinic acid (781.6 mg/100 g DW), cryptochlorogenic acid (191.1 mg/100 g DW), p-coumaric acid (113.0 mg/100 g DW), m-coumaric acid (112.2 mg/100 g DW), and chlorogenic acid (63.8 mg/100 g DW). M. × piperita and M. longifolia leaf extracts had high antioxidant activities due to the major polyphenols (cynaroside, rosmarinic and cryptochlorogenic acids). M. × piperita had higher activities against different cancer cells than M. longifolia. Naringin, cryptochlorogenic acid, and rosmarinic acid had the highest activities against cancer cells. The leaf extracts had antibacterial effects against most bacteria species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most sensitive), which was attributed to the polyphenols. Antifungal activities were similarly broad (Aspergillus flavus was most sensitive) and attributed to naringin, cryptochlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid. Populations of M. × piperita and M. longifolia in Northern Riyadh may be a valuable source of natural biologically active compounds.
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30
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Saudi Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenols and Biological Activities. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8040446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating the polyphenolic profile of natural Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basilicum populations may reveal essential compounds that have biological activities. Natural populations of R. officinalis and O. basilicum in Northern Riyadh were investigated by HPLC-DAD analyses. Several polyphenols, including rosmarinic acid, gentisic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, rutoside, and others, out of 38 screened were confirmed. Rosmarinic acid was the major polyphenol in both of R. officinalis and O. basilicum. R. officinalis methanolic leaf extracts contained other phenols such as gentisic acid while O. basilicum contained also 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and rutoside as well as others. R. officinalis showed higher antioxidant activities than O. basilicum using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching assays. These higher activities are associated with a higher composition of rosmarinic acid in leaf extracts. The antioxidant activities of O. basilicum were attributed to identified phenols of rosmarinic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and rutoside. There were antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of leaf extracts, as well as identified polyphenols, against several cancer cells. These activities were attributed to the accumulation of necrotic and apoptotic cells in treated cancer cells with leaf extracts as well as identified polyphenols. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of leaf extracts were mainly attributed to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and rutoside in O. basilicum and rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid in R. officinalis. This study proved that R. officinalis and O. basilicum natural populations might be considered as promising sources of natural polyphenols with biological activities.
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Iwona R, Katarzyna S. Glycosylation of proteins of human skin fibroblasts is changed by rosmarinic acid. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 393:419-427. [PMID: 31654087 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a common post-translational process of protein modification. Glycans participate in many crucial biological functions like cell differentiation, cell adhesion, cell-cell interactions, and regulation of signaling pathways. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural flavonoid with many pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-bacterial, or anti-fibrotic. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of 25, 50, and 100 μM rosmarinic acid on specific carbohydrate antigens in human skin fibroblasts. ELISA-liked test with biotinylated lectins was used to assess the level of sugar structures in cell lysates and culture supernatant. RT-PCR was applied to determine mRNA of selected glycosyltransferases responsible for formation of sugar antigens. Rosmarinic acid inhibited the expression of Tn, T antigens and their sialylated forms, fucosylated antigens, di NAclactosamine, and mannose antigens. All used doses of RA significantly decreased core 1 β1-3galactosyltransferase mRNA and 25 and 50 μM acid significantly inhibited GalNAcα2-6-sialyltransferase mRNA. The results indicate that rosmarinic acid, due to decreasing effect on specific sugar antigens, can change some of crucial carbohydrate functions in skin fibroblasts, e.g., involved in cell adhesion and cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radziejewska Iwona
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230, Białystok 8, Poland.
| | - Supruniuk Katarzyna
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230, Białystok 8, Poland
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32
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Khamse S, Sadr SS, Roghani M, Rashvand M, Mohammadian M, Marefati N, Harati E, Ebrahimi F. The Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on Apoptosis and nNOS Immunoreactivity Following Intrahippocampal Kainic Acid Injections in Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 11:41-48. [PMID: 32483474 PMCID: PMC7253813 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.9.10.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Kainic Acid (KA) is an ionotropic glutamate receptor agonist. KA can induce neuronal overactivity and excitotoxicity. Rosmarinic Acid (RA) is a natural polyphenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-neurodegenerative, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to assess the effect of RA on apoptosis, nNOS-positive neurons number, as well as Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) immunoreactivity, following intrahippocampal Kainic acid injection in rats. Methods: The study rats were randomly assigned to three groups of sham, KA (KA was injected into the right side of the hippocampus) and KA+RA (a dose of 10 mg/kg/day through a gavage needle for one week before KA injection). Then, histopathological changes, including apoptosis [Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay], nNOS-positive neurons number, as well as COX-2 and MAPK immunoreactivity were evaluated in the hippocampus. Results: In the RA pretreated group, nNOS-positive neurons and TUNEL-positive cells were significantly reduced compared to the KA group (P<0.05). COX-2and MAPK immunoreactivity demonstrated no significant changes compared to the KA group. They indicated a significant higher reactivity for COX-2 (P<0.01) and MAPK (P<0.005) versus the sham group. Conclusion: RA had neuroprotective effects, compared to KA, through reduced apoptosis and nNOS-positive neurons, but not MAPK and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safoura Khamse
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Shahabeddin Sadr
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Rashvand
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Narges Marefati
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Harati
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ebrahimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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de Oliveira JR, Camargo SEA, de Oliveira LD. Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) as therapeutic and prophylactic agent. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:5. [PMID: 30621719 PMCID: PMC6325740 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) is a medicinal plant native to the Mediterranean region and cultivated around the world. Besides the therapeutic purpose, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. R. officinalis L. is constituted by bioactive molecules, the phytocompounds, responsible for implement several pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antitumor and protective, inhibitory and attenuating activities. Thus, in vivo and in vitro studies were presented in this Review, approaching the therapeutic and prophylactic effects of R. officinalis L. on some physiological disorders caused by biochemical, chemical or biological agents. In this way, methodology, mechanisms, results, and conclusions were described. The main objective of this study was showing that plant products could be equivalent to the available medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatas Rafael de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777 - Jardim São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP 12245-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777 - Jardim São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP 12245-000, Brazil
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Fachel FNS, Schuh RS, Veras KS, Bassani VL, Koester LS, Henriques AT, Braganhol E, Teixeira HF. An overview of the neuroprotective potential of rosmarinic acid and its association with nanotechnology-based delivery systems: A novel approach to treating neurodegenerative disorders. Neurochem Int 2019; 122:47-58. [PMID: 30439384 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) are characterized by slow and progressive neuronal dysfunction induced by the degeneration of neuronal cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, the neuroprotective effects of natural compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities has been clearly demonstrated. This appears to be an attractive therapeutic approach for ND, particularly regarding the use of polyphenols. In this review, we present an overview of the neuroprotective potential of rosmarinic acid (RA) and discuss the use of nanotechnology as a novel approach to treating ND. RA presents a variety of biological important activities, i.e. the modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, prevention of neurodegeneration and damage reduction. However, its poor bioavailability represents a limitation in terms of pharmacodynamics. In this sense, nanotechnology-based carriers could allow for the administration of higher but still safe amounts of RA, aiming for CNS delivery. Nasal administration could be a pleasant route for delivery to the CNS, as this represents a direct route to the CNS. With these advantages, RA-loaded nanotechnology-based therapy through the nasal route could be promising approach for the treatment of ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Nathiely Silveira Fachel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselena Silvestri Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Kleyton Santos Veras
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Valquíria Linck Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amelia Teresinha Henriques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Li H, Ni F, Zhang Y, Chen HH, Huang E, Zhuang H, Li D. Rosmarinic acid inhibits stem-like breast cancer through hedgehog and Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathways. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_22_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Şengelen A, Önay-Uçar E. Rosmarinic acid and siRNA combined therapy represses Hsp27 (HSPB1) expression and induces apoptosis in human glioma cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:885-896. [PMID: 29627902 PMCID: PMC6111096 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0896-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High expression of Hsp27 in glioma cells has been closely associated with tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis inhibition. The aim of the present study was to asses the effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) on Hsp27 expression and apoptosis in non-transfected and transfected human U-87 MG cells. The effect of rosmarinic acid was compared to quercetin, which is known to be a good Hsp27 inhibitor. In order to block the expression of Hsp27 gene (HSPB1), transfection with specific siRNAs was performed. Western blotting technique was used to assess the Hsp27 expression, and caspase-3 colorimetric activity assay was performed to determine apoptosis induction. According to the results, it was found that RA and quercetin effectively silenced Hsp27 and both agents induced apoptosis by activating the caspase-3 pathway. Eighty and 215 μM RA decreased the level of Hsp27 by 28.8 and 46.7% and induced apoptosis by 30 and 54%, respectively. For the first time, we reported that rosmarinic acid has the ability to trigger caspase-3 induced apoptosis in human glioma cells. As a result of siRNA transfection, the Hsp27 gene was silenced by ~ 50% but did not cause a statistically significant change in caspase-3 activation. It was also observed that apoptosis was induced at a higher level as a result of Hsp27 siRNA and subsequent quercetin or RA treatment. siRNA transfection and 215 μM RA treatment suppressed Hsp27 expression level by 90.5% and increased caspase-3 activity by 58%. Herein, we demonstrated that RA administered with siRNA seems to be a potent combination for glioblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslıhan Şengelen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Evren Önay-Uçar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
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Swamy MK, Sinniah UR, Ghasemzadeh A. Anticancer potential of rosmarinic acid and its improved production through biotechnological interventions and functional genomics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7775-7793. [PMID: 30022261 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a highly valued natural phenolic compound that is very commonly found in plants of the families Lamiaceae and Boraginaceae, including Coleus blumei, Heliotropium foertherianum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Perilla frutescens, and Salvia officinalis. RA is also found in other members of higher plant families and in some fern and horned liverwort species. The biosynthesis of RA is catalyzed by the enzymes phenylalanine ammonia lyase and cytochrome P450-dependent hydroxylase using the amino acids tyrosine and phenylalanine. Chemically, RA can be produced via methods involving the esterification of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid and caffeic acid. Some of the derivatives of RA include melitric acid, salvianolic acid, lithospermic acid, and yunnaneic acid. In plants, RA is known to have growth-promoting and defensive roles. Studies have elucidated the varied pharmacological potential of RA and its derived molecules, including anticancer, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. The demand for RA is therefore, very high in the pharmaceutical industry, but this demand cannot be met by plants alone because RA content in plant organs is very low. Further, many plants that synthesize RA are under threat and near extinction owing to biodiversity loss caused by unscientific harvesting, over-collection, environmental changes, and other inherent features. Moreover, the chemical synthesis of RA is complicated and expensive. Alternative approaches using biotechnological methodologies could overcome these problems. This review provides the state of the art information on the chemistry, sources, and biosynthetic pathways of RA, as well as its anticancer properties against different cancer types. Biotechnological methods are also discussed for producing RA using plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures and hairy-root cultures using flasks and bioreactors. The recent developments and applications of the functional genomics approach and heterologous production of RA in microbes are also highlighted. This chapter will be of benefit to readers aiming to design studies on RA and its applicability as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallappa Kumara Swamy
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Uma Rani Sinniah
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ali Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Matejczyk M, Świsłocka R, Golonko A, Lewandowski W, Hawrylik E. Cytotoxic, genotoxic and antimicrobial activity of caffeic and rosmarinic acids and their lithium, sodium and potassium salts as potential anticancer compounds. Adv Med Sci 2018; 63:14-21. [PMID: 28818744 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine the cytotoxic, genotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of caffeic and rosmarinic acids and their salts with Li, Na and K with use of Escherichia coli K-12 recA:gfp strain as a model organism. METHODS Cytotoxic potency of tested chemicals were calculated on the basis on the dose that confers inhibition percentage such as 20% for each concentrations of analysed chemicals. Genotoxic properties were calculated on the basis of the fold increase (FI) of SFI values normalized with control. Antioxidant potencies were established on the base of DPPH assay. Antimicrobial activity of chemicals were established on the value of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). RESULTS Obtained results indicated that lower concentrations of tested compounds exhibited stronger GFP fluorescence response after rosmarinic acids and their salts treatment. Genotoxic effects seemed to be independent of the salt ions. The caffeic acid salts with Li, Na and K showed reduced genotoxic effect in comparison to the caffeic acid while increased cytotoxic effect than that of caffeic acid. Moreover, caffeinate salts exhibited better antimicrobial activity against E. coli (MIC=250μg/mL) than K caffeinate salt (MIC>500μg/mL). The MIC values of Li, Na and K rosmarinate salts were above 500μg/mL against all tested microorganisms. CONCLUSION The results of the experiment show that there is no clear positive correlation between the antioxidant potency of caffeic and rosmarinic acids and their Li, Na and K salts and their cytotoxic effect. Used salts ions Li, Na and K do not significantly affect the antioxidant effect of natural phenolic compounds and they do not have a significant impact on the biological parameters such as cyto- and genotoxicity. Perhaps it is connected with the reaction environment including polarity of the solvent (water).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Matejczyk
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Sanitary Biology and Biotechnology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Renata Świsłocka
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Chemistry, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Golonko
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Chemistry, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Lewandowski
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Chemistry, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Eliza Hawrylik
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Division of Sanitary Biology and Biotechnology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
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Natural Products for the Management and Prevention of Breast Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:8324696. [PMID: 29681985 PMCID: PMC5846366 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8324696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Among all types of cancer, breast cancer is one of the most challenging diseases, which is responsible for a large number of cancer related deaths. Hormonal therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have been used as treatment of breast cancer, for a very long time. Due to severe side effects and multidrug resistance, these treatment approaches become increasingly ineffective. However, adoption of complementary treatment approach can be a big solution for this situation, as it is evident that compounds derived from natural source have a great deal of anticancer activity. Natural compounds can fight against aggressiveness of breast cancer, inhibit cancerous cell proliferation, and modulate cancer related pathways. A large number of research works are now focusing on the natural and dietary compounds and trying to find out new and more effective treatment strategies for the breast cancer patients. In this review, we discussed some significant natural chemical compounds with their mechanisms of actions, which can be very effective against the breast cancer and can be more potent by their proper modifications and further clinical research. Future research focusing on the natural anti-breast-cancer agents can open a new horizon in breast cancer treatment, which will play a great role in enhancing the survival rate of breast cancer patients.
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Yang JH, Mao KJ, Huang P, Ye YJ, Guo HS, Cai BC. Effect of piperine on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of rosmarinic acid in rat plasma using UPLC-MS/MS. Xenobiotica 2018; 48:178-185. [PMID: 28669317 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1292564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
1. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of piperine (PP) on the pharmacokinetics of rosmarinic acid (RA) in rat plasma and to determine whether PP could enhance the oral bioavailability of RA via inhibition of its glucuronidation. 2. The pharmacokinetic profiles of RA between oral administration of RA (50 mg/kg) alone and in combination with different oral dose PP (20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg) to rats were investigated via a validated UPLC/MS/MS method. 3. The AUC and Cmax of RA were significantly increased in combination with different dose PP dose dependently, especially in the presence of 60 and 80 mg/kg PP (p < 0.01). The relative bioavailability of RA in the presence of 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg PP was 1.24-, 1.32-, 2.02-, and 2.26-folds higher, respectively, compared with the control group given RA alone. Compared with RA, the pharmacokinetic modulations of RA glucuronide were even more apparent, and the glucuronidation of RA was remarkedly inhibited. 4. This study demonstrated that PP significantly improved the in vivo bioavailability of RA partly attributing to the inhibition of gut and hepatic metabolism enzymes of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Yang
- a Department of Pharmacy, Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Jiangyin , China
| | - Kun-Jun Mao
- b College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medicine College , Shangrao , China , and
| | - Ping Huang
- b College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medicine College , Shangrao , China , and
| | - Yin-Jun Ye
- b College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medicine College , Shangrao , China , and
| | - Hua-Shan Guo
- b College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medicine College , Shangrao , China , and
| | - Bao-Chang Cai
- c School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nannjing , China
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Zhang X, Ma ZG, Yuan YP, Xu SC, Wei WY, Song P, Kong CY, Deng W, Tang QZ. Rosmarinic acid attenuates cardiac fibrosis following long-term pressure overload via AMPKα/Smad3 signaling. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:102. [PMID: 29367637 PMCID: PMC5833382 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) can activate 5' AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα) and exert cardioprotective effects. A previous study has demonstrated that rosmarinic acid (RA) can activate PPAR-γ, but its effect on cardiac remodeling remains largely unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of RA on cardiac remodeling and to clarify the underlying mechanism. Mice were subjected to aortic banding to generate pressure overload induced cardiac remodeling and then were orally administered RA (100 mg/kg/day) for 7 weeks beginning 1 week after surgery. The morphological examination, echocardiography, and molecular markers were used to evaluate the effects of RA. To ascertain whether the beneficial effect of RA on cardiac fibrosis was mediated by AMPKα, AMPKα2 knockout mice were used. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts were separated and cultured to validate the protective effect of RA in vitro. RA-treated mice exhibited a similar hypertrophic response as mice without RA treatment, but had an attenuated fibrotic response and improved cardiac function after pressure overload. Activated AMPKα was essential for the anti-fibrotic effect of RA via inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad3 in vivo and in vitro, and AMPKα deficiency abolished RA-mediated protective effects. Small interfering RNA against Ppar-γ (siPpar-γ) and GW9662, a specific antagonist of PPAR-γ, abolished RA-mediated AMPKα phosphorylation and alleviation of fibrotic response in vitro. RA attenuated cardiac fibrosis following long-term pressure overload via AMPKα/Smad3 signaling and PPAR-γ was required for the activation of AMPKα. RA might be a promising therapeutic agent against cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yu-Pei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Si-Chi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wen-Ying Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Chun-Yan Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Farag MR, Gopi M, Karthik K, Malik YS, Dhama K. Rosmarinic acid: modes of action, medicinal values and health benefits. Anim Health Res Rev 2017; 18:167-176. [PMID: 29110743 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252317000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The supplementation of livestock rations with herbs containing bioactive components, such as rosmarinic acid (RA), have shown promising results as a natural feed additive in promoting growth, productive and reproductive performance, feed utilization, fertility, anti-oxidant status and immunologic indices. Furthermore, RA reportedly reduces the risks of various animal diseases and mitigates side effects of chemical and synthetic drugs. RA is a natural polyphenol present in several Lamiaceae herbs like Perilla frutescens, and RA is becoming an integral component of animal nutrition as it counters the effect of reactive oxygen species induced in the body as a consequence of different kinds of stressors. Studies have further ascertained the capability of RA to work as an anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, hepato- and renal-protectant agent, as well as to have beneficial effects during skin afflictions. Additionally, RA is favored in meat industries due to enhancing the quality of meat products by reportedly improving shelf-life and imparting desirable flavor. This review describes the beneficial applications and recent findings with RA, including its natural sources, modes of action and various useful applications in safeguarding livestock health as well as important aspects of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department,Faculty of Agriculture,Zagazig University,Zagazig 44511,Egypt
| | | | - Mayada Ragab Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Zagazig University,Zagazig 44511,Egypt
| | - Marappan Gopi
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction,ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute,Izatnagar-243122, Uttar Pradesh,India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory,Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University,Chennai, Tamil Nadu,India
| | - Yashpal Singh Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization,ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute,Izatnagar,Bareilly, 243122 Uttar Pradesh,India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology,ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute,Izatnagar,Bareilly, 243122 Uttar Pradesh,India
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Eo SH, Kim SJ. Rosmarinic acid induces rabbit articular chondrocyte differentiation by decreases matrix metalloproteinase-13 and inflammation by upregulating cyclooxygenase-2 expression. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:75. [PMID: 28923043 PMCID: PMC5603189 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0381-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to play an important role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix and the pathological progression of osteoarthritis (OA). The natural polyphenolic compound rosmarinic acid (Ros. A) has been shown to suppress the inhibitory activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). However, the effects of Ros. A on OA have not been investigated. METHODS In the current study, primary articular chondrocytes were cultured from rabbit articular cartilage and treated with Ros. A. Phenotypic characterization was performed by western blotting to assess specific markers, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) assays, and alcian blue staining to measure sulfated-proteoglycan production. RESULTS We report that in rabbit articular chondrocytes, Ros. A increased type II collagen, sulfated-proteoglycan, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and PGE2 production in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, Ros. A suppressed the expression of MMP-13. In addition, treatment with Ros A activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 and p38 kinase signaling pathways. Inhibition of MMP-13 enhanced Ros. A-induced type II collagen expression and sulfated-proteoglycan synthesis but COX-2 and PGE2 production were unchanged. Ros. A-mediated up-regulation of ERK phosphorylation was abolished by the MEK inhibitor, PD98059, which prevented induction of the associated inflammatory response. Inhibition of p38 kinase with SB203580 enhanced the increase in type II collagen expression via Ros. A-mediated down-regulation of MMP-13. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that ERK-1/2 regulates Ros. A-induced inflammation and that p38 regulates differentiation by inhibiting MMP-13 in rabbit articular chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hui Eo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588 Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588 Republic of Korea
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Altay A, Bozoğlu F. Salvia fruticosa Modulates mRNA Expressions and Activity Levels of Xenobiotic Metabolizing CYP1A2, CYP2E1, NQO1, GPx, and GST Enzymes in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma HT-29 Cells. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:892-903. [PMID: 28718679 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1339817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have gained considerable interests because of their use in some industrial areas including nutrition, cosmetic, pharmacy, and medicine. Salvia fruticosa M. (Lamiaceae) is known for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative activities. Phase I xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, CYP1A2 and CYP2E1, produce reactive metabolites which are eliminated by the action of phase II enzymes, NQO1, GPx, and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). In this study, in vitro modulatory effects of S. fruticosa and its major phenolic compound rosmarinic acid (RA) on CYP1A2, CYP2E1, NQO1, GPx, and GSTm1 mRNA expressions and enzyme activities of GPx and GSTs were investigated in HT-29 cells. An mRNA expression analysis revealed that CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 levels were decreased while those of NQO1, GPx, and GSTm1 increased after S. fruticosa and RA treatments. In parallel to gene expressions, enzyme activities of GPx and GSTs by S. fruticosa increased 1.68- and 1.48-fold, respectively. Moreover, RA increased GPx and GSTs activities 1.67- and 1.94-fold, respectively. The results of this preliminary study show that metabolism of xenobiotics may be altered due to changes in the expression and activity of the investigated enzymes by S. fruticosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Altay
- a Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey.,b Department of Food Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Faruk Bozoğlu
- b Department of Food Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
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Rui Y, Tong L, Cheng J, Wang G, Qin L, Wan Z. Rosmarinic acid suppresses adipogenesis, lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, lipopolysaccharide-stimulated tumor necrosis factor-α secretion in macrophages, and inflammatory mediators in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Food Nutr Res 2017; 61:1330096. [PMID: 28659738 PMCID: PMC5475298 DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1330096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural phenol carboxylic acid with many promising biological effects. It may be a suitable candidate for improving obesity-related adipose tissue dysfunction. Objective: We aimed to investigate the therapeutic use of RA as an anti-obesity agent by measuring its effects on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of major adipokines in 3T3-L1 adipocytes; and its effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) secretion in macrophages and inflammatory mediators in 3T3-L1 adipocytes incubated with macrophage-conditioned medium (MCM). Methods: 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were used to explore how RA affects adipogenesis, as well as the involvement of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (p-Smad3). 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were also differentiated into mature adipocytes to explore how RA affects basal and isoproterenol- and forskolin-stimulated lipolysis; and how RA affects key adipokines’ mRNA expression. RAW 264.7 macrophages were stimulated with LPS in the absence or presence of RA to explore RA’s effects on TNF-α secretion. MCM was collected and 3T3-L1 adipocytes were incubated with MCM to explore RA’s effects on interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and RANTES mRNA expression. Results: During the preadipocyte differentiation process, RA suppressed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α, and activated p-ERK1/2 and p-Smad3; inhibition of adipogenesis by RA was partially restored following treatment with p-ERK1/2 and p-Smad3 inhibitors. In mature adipocytes, RA inhibited basal lipolysis; phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor reversed this. RA also inhibited isoproterenol- and forskolin-stimulated glycerol and free fatty acid release, and the phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and perilipin. RA had no effects on leptin, adiponectin, resistin, or visfatin mRNA expression. RA suppressed TNF-α mRNA expression and secretion in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages; and reduced LPS-MCM-induced IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, and RANTES mRNA expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Conclusions: RA exerts inhibitory effects on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and inflammation. RA could be a promising natural product for improving adipose mobilization in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehua Rui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Lingxia Tong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Jinbo Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Guiping Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Liqiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
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Murino Rafacho BP, Portugal dos Santos P, Gonçalves ADF, Fernandes AAH, Okoshi K, Chiuso-Minicucci F, Azevedo PS, Mamede Zornoff LA, Minicucci MF, Wang XD, Rupp de Paiva SA. Rosemary supplementation (Rosmarinus oficinallis L.) attenuates cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177521. [PMID: 28494028 PMCID: PMC5426768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Dietary intervention on adverse cardiac remodeling after MI has significant clinical relevance. Rosemary leaves are a natural product with antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties, but its effect on morphology and ventricular function after MI is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS To determine the effect of the dietary supplementation of rosemary leaves on cardiac remodeling after MI, male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups after sham procedure or experimental induced MI: 1) Sham group fed standard chow (SR0, n = 23); 2) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 0.02% rosemary (R002) (SR002, n = 23); 3) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 0.2% rosemary (R02) (SR02, n = 22); 4) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow (IR0, n = 13); 5) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with R002 (IR002, n = 8); and 6) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with R02 (IR02, n = 9). After 3 months of the treatment, systolic pressure evaluation, echocardiography and euthanasia were performed. Left ventricular samples were evaluated for: fibrosis, cytokine levels, apoptosis, energy metabolism enzymes, and oxidative stress. Rosemary dietary supplementation attenuated cardiac remodeling by improving energy metabolism and decreasing oxidative stress. Rosemary supplementation of 0.02% improved diastolic function and reduced hypertrophy after MI. Regarding rosemary dose, 0.02% and 0.2% for rats are equivalent to 11 mg and 110 mg for humans, respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings support further investigations of the rosemary use as adjuvant therapy in adverse cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Katashi Okoshi
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School–UNESP, Botucatu/SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Chiuso-Minicucci
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Botucatu Biosciences Institute–UNESP, Botucatu/SP, Brazil
| | - Paula S. Azevedo
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School–UNESP, Botucatu/SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston/MA, United States of America
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Ghorbani A, Esmaeilizadeh M. Pharmacological properties of Salvia officinalis and its components. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:433-440. [PMID: 29034191 PMCID: PMC5634728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia officinalis (Sage) is a plant in the family of Labiatae/Lamiaceae. It is native to Middle East and Mediterranean areas, but today has been naturalized throughout the world. In folk medicine, S. officinalis has been used for the treatment of different kinds of disorders including seizure, ulcers, gout, rheumatism, inflammation, dizziness, tremor, paralysis, diarrhea, and hyperglycemia. In recent years, this plant has been a subject of intensive studies to document its traditional use and to find new biological effects. These studies have revealed a wide range of pharmacological activities for S. officinalis. Present review highlights the up-to-date information on the pharmacological findings that have been frequently reported for S. officinalis. These findings include anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antimutagenic, antidementia, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects. Also, chemical constituents responsible for pharmacological effects of S. officinalis and the clinical studies on this plant are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Esmaeilizadeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran
- Corresponding author. Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran. Fax: +98 5837238757.Esfarayen Faculty of Medical SciencesEsfarayenIran
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48
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Wang J, Li G, Rui T, Kang A, Li G, Fu T, Li J, Di L, Cai B. Pharmacokinetics of rosmarinic acid in rats by LC-MS/MS: absolute bioavailability and dose proportionality. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28237g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic properties of RA were characterized as rapid absorption, middle-speed elimination, poor absolute bioavailability, and lack of dose proportionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Wang
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS)
| | - Guoyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS)
| | - Tianqi Rui
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS)
| | - An Kang
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS)
| | - Guochun Li
- The Center of Statistical Research and Consultation of TCM
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Tingming Fu
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS)
| | - Junsong Li
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS)
| | - Liuqing Di
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS)
| | - Baochang Cai
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
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Moore J, Yousef M, Tsiani E. Anticancer Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Rosemary Extract Polyphenols. Nutrients 2016; 8:E731. [PMID: 27869665 PMCID: PMC5133115 DOI: 10.3390/nu8110731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells display enhanced growth rates and a resistance to apoptosis. The ability of cancer cells to evade homeostasis and proliferate uncontrollably while avoiding programmed cell death/apoptosis is acquired through mutations to key signaling molecules, which regulate pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival. Compounds of plant origin, including food components, have attracted scientific attention for use as agents for cancer prevention and treatment. The exploration into natural products offers great opportunity to evaluate new anticancer agents as well as understand novel and potentially relevant mechanisms of action. Rosemary extract has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticancer properties. Rosemary extract contains many polyphenols with carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid found in highest concentrations. The present review summarizes the existing in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on the anticancer effects of rosemary extract and the rosemary extract polyphenols carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, and their effects on key signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Moore
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Michael Yousef
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Evangelia Tsiani
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
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50
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Yarla NS, Bishayee A, Sethi G, Reddanna P, Kalle AM, Dhananjaya BL, Dowluru KSVGK, Chintala R, Duddukuri GR. Targeting arachidonic acid pathway by natural products for cancer prevention and therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:48-81. [PMID: 26853158 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) pathway, a metabolic process, plays a key role in carcinogenesis. Hence, AA pathway metabolic enzymes phospholipase A2s (PLA2s), cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LOXs) and their metabolic products, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes, have been considered novel preventive and therapeutic targets in cancer. Bioactive natural products are a good source for development of novel cancer preventive and therapeutic drugs, which have been widely used in clinical practice due to their safety profiles. AA pathway inhibitory natural products have been developed as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents against several cancers. Curcumin, resveratrol, apigenin, anthocyans, berberine, ellagic acid, eugenol, fisetin, ursolic acid, [6]-gingerol, guggulsteone, lycopene and genistein are well known cancer chemopreventive agents which act by targeting multiple pathways, including COX-2. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid and baicalein can be chemopreventive molecules against various cancers by inhibiting LOXs. Several PLA2s inhibitory natural products have been identified with chemopreventive and therapeutic potentials against various cancers. In this review, we critically discuss the possible utility of natural products as preventive and therapeutic agents against various oncologic diseases, including prostate, pancreatic, lung, skin, gastric, oral, blood, head and neck, colorectal, liver, cervical and breast cancers, by targeting AA pathway. Further, the current status of clinical studies evaluating AA pathway inhibitory natural products in cancer is reviewed. In addition, various emerging issues, including bioavailability, toxicity and explorability of combination therapy, for the development of AA pathway inhibitory natural products as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents against human malignancy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagendra Sastry Yarla
- Department of Biochemisty/Bionformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Adhra Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin Health Sciences Institute, 18301 N. Miami Avenue, Miami, FL 33169, USA.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telagana, India
| | - Arunasree M Kalle
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telagana, India; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenomes, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bhadrapura Lakkappa Dhananjaya
- Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Center for Emerging Technologies, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara 562 112, Karnataka, India
| | - Kaladhar S V G K Dowluru
- Department of Biochemisty/Bionformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Adhra Pradesh, India; Department of Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Bilaspur University, Bilaspur 495 001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ramakrishna Chintala
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Adhra Pradesh, India
| | - Govinda Rao Duddukuri
- Department of Biochemisty/Bionformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045, Adhra Pradesh, India.
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