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Lippert VF, Bresciani E, Mota EG, Bittencourt HR, Kramer PF, Spohr AM. In vitro comparison of one-step, two-step, and three-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and gloss of different resin composites. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:785-795. [PMID: 38130085 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This laboratory study evaluated the effect of three polishing systems on the surface roughness and gloss of resin composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty specimens (6 mm Ø × 8 mm) were fabricated from each of three resin composites: Z 350 XT (nanofill), Harmonize (nanohybrid), and Estelite Omega (supranonofill). All specimens were photopolymerized using a multi-peak LED curing unit (VALO-Standard mode), having a exitance irradiance of approximately 1000 mW/cm2 against a polyester strip (PS). 2 mm was then removed from the irradiated end (finished) using #320 abrasive paper (F). Specimens were then randomly polished (P) using a one-step (1S) (OneGloss), two-step (2S) (EVE Diacomp Twist Basic CA), or 3-step (3S) (Astropol P) system (n = 10). For PS, F, and P groups, surface roughness (Ra) was measured using a surface roughness tester, and surface gloss was measured with a glossmeter. For each specimen, the percent recovery to the PS value (%R) of surface roughness and surface gloss were calculated. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test. Surface roughness and gloss values were submitted to Pearson's correlation test (α = 0.05). All statistical testing was performed using a pre-set alpha of 0.05. RESULTS The interaction term [resin composite × polishing system] was significant for both surface roughness (p = 0.001) and gloss (p = 0.0001). For all resin composites, the 2S and 3S systems provided a higher %R of surface roughness and gloss compared to those of the 1S system. There was a negative correlation between surface roughness and gloss, but only a few combinations showed strong correlations. CONCLUSIONS The 2S and 3S polishing systems provided surfaces having greater smoothness and gloss compared to the 1S system. The ability to recover surface roughness and gloss was dependent on type of resin composite filler classification. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The 3S and 2S polishing systems were more effective in achieving PS values than was the 1S system for all tested resin composites. However, individual polishing systems performed differently depending on type of resin composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Funghetto Lippert
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bresciani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gonçalves Mota
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hélio Radke Bittencourt
- Department of Statistics, Polytechnic School, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Floriani Kramer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Spohr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Doğu Kaya B, Yılmaz Atalı P, Özmen S, Öztürk S, Tarçın B. Effect of an Effervescent Multivitamin on Color and Surface Roughness of Micro-Hybrid Dental Resin Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1040. [PMID: 38473512 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The use of multivitamins has become widespread globally, yet there is a scarcity of studies investigating their impact on resin composite restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an effervescent multivitamin tablet on micro-hybrid dental resin composites' surface roughness and color. Fifty disc-shaped samples (8 × 2 mm, shade A2; n = 10) were prepared and polished using five different micro-hybrid resin composites (Pergamon, Dentac, Turkey; Estelite Posterior, Tokuyama, Japan; Geanial Anterior, GC, Japan; Charisma Opal, Kulzer, Germany; Beautifil II, Shofu, USA). Samples were immersed in 200 mL water to one effervescent multivitamin tablet (Redoxon Triple Action, Bayer) at 24 °C for 2 min a day in 24 h intervals for 30 days. All samples' surface roughness (Ra) and ΔE(L*a*b) measurements were recorded at the beginning and end of the 30 days. The Wald chi-square and a two-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis (significance level p < 0.05). The resin composite type and exposure to the multivitamin had a statistically significant effect on Ra values (p < 0.05). The resin composite type had a statistically significant effect on ΔE values, likely due to the higher mean value of BII (p = 0.040). The surface roughness and color of resin composites can be affected by multivitamins with a pH value of 3.0. Therefore, it is important to consider the patient's routine vitamin intake during resin composite selection. Additional research is required to explore the properties of different dental restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengü Doğu Kaya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Pınar Yılmaz Atalı
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Seda Özmen
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34728, Turkey
| | - Selinsu Öztürk
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Bilge Tarçın
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
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Hayashi K, Kurokawa H, Saegusa M, Aoki R, Takamizawa T, Kamimoto A, Miyazaki M. Influence of surface roughness of universal shade resin composites on color adjustment potential. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:676-682. [PMID: 37460306 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the influence of surface roughness of the color adjustment potential restoration of universal resin composites. A structural colored resin composite (Omnichroma, OC) and a pigment-employed universal shade resin composite (Beautifil Unishade, BU) were used. Each resin composite was placed in a cavity to determine its ability to match the color of artificial teeth. The surface of the resin composites was polished with #800- or #2000-grit SiC paper before performing color measurements. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests were performed (α=0.05). The color difference (ΔE*ab) ranged from 2.5-3.9 for OC and 1.8-8.7 for BU. OC has a more stable color adjustment than BU. The color adjustment potential of universal resin composites was affected by the surface roughness of the restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Hayashi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Hiroyasu Kurokawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Makoto Saegusa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Ryota Aoki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | | | - Atsushi Kamimoto
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry and Clinical Education, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Masashi Miyazaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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de Oliveira AG, Rocha RS, Spinola MDS, Batista GR, Bresciani E, Caneppele TMF. Surface smoothness of resin composites after polishing-A systematic review and network meta-analysis of in vitro studies. Eur J Oral Sci 2023; 131:e12921. [PMID: 36781294 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
A systematic review and network meta-analysis was performed to provide evidence for the best polishing protocol for different types of resin composites to minimize surface roughness. A search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library on July 2, 2019 (updated in December, 2020). In vitro studies that included at least two systems for polishing resin composites and analyzed surface roughness were included. The risk of bias was evaluated. A random-effects Bayesian-mixed treatment comparison model was used to compare surface roughness in resin composites with the different types of polishers. Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) analysis was performed to rank the probability for the best polishing system. After removal of duplicates, title and abstract screening yielded 34 studies. Network meta-analysis was not possible for hybrid and microhybrid composites. SUCRA analysis showed that abrasive paper discs allowed greater surface smoothness for nanohybrid and nanofill composites to a probability of between 83% and 91.6%. Silicon carbide brush had a 78.2% probability of being the best system for microfill composites. The use of abrasive paper disc polishers showed a favorable result in nanofill and nanohybrid resin composites. Silicon carbide brush has a greater chance of promoting a smoother surface for microfill resin composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Gomes de Oliveira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Santos Rocha
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuela da Silva Spinola
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Braz Cubas University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Graziela Ribeiro Batista
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Missouri School of Dentistry and Oral Health, A. T. Still University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bresciani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taciana Marco Ferraz Caneppele
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Shekhar S, Suprabha BS, Shenoy R, Natarajan S, Rao A. Comparative Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Wettability of an Alkasite with Nano Bulk-Fill and Nanofilled Resin Composite Restorative Materials: In vitro Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2022; 13:337-343. [PMID: 36687002 PMCID: PMC9855263 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_95_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Surface characteristics of resin-based composites (RBCs) can change with polishing and over time. Aim The aim of the study was to compare the surface roughness and wettability of three different posterior RBCs after polishing and the change in these surface characteristics over time, after aqueous aging. Settings and Design Experimental in vitro study. Materials and Methods Eleven disc-shaped RBC specimens were fabricated. The RBCs used were, alkasite composite, bulk-fill nanocomposite, conventional nanofilled composite. All the specimens underwent polishing with Soflex Diamond Polishing System and then analyzed for roughness and wettability at baseline and after aqueous aging for 3 months with the help of an atomic force microscope and a contact angle goniometer respectively. Statistical Analysis One-way ANOVA and Tamhane test were used for the multiple comparisons. Results Alkasite composite showed significantly higher surface roughness (P = 0.028 and P < 0.001, respectively) and lower wettability (P = 0.023 and P = 0.020, respectively) than conventional nanofilled composite at baseline and 3 months. Surface roughness of alkasite composite was also significantly higher than bulk-fill nanocomposite (P = 0.009 and P < 0.001, respectively) at both the time points. Conclusions Alkasite has higher surface roughness in comparison to conventional nanocomposite and bulk-fill nanocomposite and lower wettability than conventional nanocomposite after polishing and aqueous aging over a 3-month period. In terms of surface characteristics, alkasite composite may be advantageous in preventing initial plaque adhesion to the material surface, but the lower surface roughness of nano-filled composites may be more advantageous in terms of plaque retention prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrehya Shekhar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramya Shenoy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Srikant Natarajan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Arathi Rao
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Tunar OL, Gursoy H, Ozkan Karaca E, Kuru BE. A Comparative Evaluation of Root Surface Biomodification with Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Gel, and Titanium Nitride Curette: In Vitro Scanning Electron Microscope and Profilometry Analyses. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2021; 39:766-773. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ogul L. Tunar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hare Gursoy
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Ozkan Karaca
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Eren Kuru
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Alhamed G, Massoud S, Doumani M. Spectrophotometric study determining staining tendency in different restorative materials (longitudinal in vitro study). Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:462-466. [PMID: 34803287 PMCID: PMC8589626 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Our aim was to measure the discolouration degrees in a packable composite, zircon, ceramic, a flowable composite, and GIC (glass isomer cement) and to determine their tendencies to discolour to provide guidance to dentists and prosthodontist for choosing proper materials for cases in which aesthetics is the main treatment goal. Materials and methods Sixty discs were fabricated from the composite, zircon, ceramic, the flowable composite, and GIC, and natural teeth were the control group. The shades were recorded using the Ivoclar Vivadent Shade Guide, and readings were recorded from a Vita Easyshade 4.0 spectrophotometer before immersion, after 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 24 weeks of immersion in coffee. The analysis was performed using a SPSS paired t-test and CIE 76 formula. Results The ceramic had a starting shade of B1 and kept the same colour throughout the testing period. Zircon had a starting shade of A3 and transitioned to B3 by the second week. The composite had a shade of A1, and after the first week, it was A4; in the second week and afterwards, it was C4. The flowable composite had a starting shade of A1, and after one week, the shade was B3, and then after one more week A3.5; after five months, it was A4. Conclusion The ceramic showed no change, making it ideal for aesthetic regions and anterior replacements. Zircon had the second-highest colour stability, whereas all the other materials showed variable degrees of colour and surface changes, making them not ideal choices for anterior restorations. Thus, this information can aid choices for aesthetic regions to provide the highest longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Alhamed
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salsabil Massoud
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Doumani
- Alfarabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Labban N, Al Amri MD, Alnafaiy SM, Alhijji SM, Alenizy MA, Iskandar M, Feitosa S. Influence of Toothbrush Abrasion and Surface Treatments on Roughness and Gloss of Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramics. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213694. [PMID: 34771250 PMCID: PMC8587314 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the surface roughness and gloss of polymer-infiltrated ceramics after simulated in vitro toothbrushing in different storage mediums. Four polymer- infiltrated ceramics were evaluated, Lava ultimate (LU), Vita enamic (EN), Shofu (SH), and Crystal ultra (CU). The control group was a feldspathic ceramic, Vita Mark II (VM). One hundred and twenty specimens (12 × 14 × 2.5 mm) were prepared using a precision saw. For each material (n = 24), the specimens were allocated into two groups, polished and stained. The specimens of each group were stored (for 7 days) in either citric acid (0.2N) or distilled water. Data for surface gloss (ΔE*SCE-SCI) and roughness (Ra) were evaluated before (baseline) and after simulated toothbrushing. For toothbrushing simulation, a toothpaste slurry containing a toothpaste of 100 relative dentin abrasion (RDA) and 0.3 ml distilled water was used for 3650 cycles (7300 strokes) for each specimen. Data were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA. A p-value of ≤ to 0.05 was considered significant. The highest mean value of surface gloss was identified in CU (stained—water) (4.3 (0.47)) (ΔE*) and EN (stained—acid) (4.3 (1.00)) (ΔE*) specimens, whereas the lowest mean value was shown by SH (stained—acid) (2.04 (0.42)) (ΔE*) samples. The highest mean value of surface roughness was observed in SH (0.40 (0.99)) Ra (stained—acid) whereas the lowest in VM (0.13 (0.039)) Ra (polished— water). A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in surface roughness and gloss between the materials with simulated toothbrushing, except in VM and LU, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that simulated toothbrushing impacts on surface roughness and gloss, irrespective of the storage medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaf Labban
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (M.D.A.A.); (S.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +9661467-9015
| | - Mohammad D. Al Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (M.D.A.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Sarah M. Alnafaiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (M.D.A.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Saleh M. Alhijji
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia;
- School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mohammad A. Alenizy
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 55475, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mounir Iskandar
- Private Practice at Radiance Dentistry, Irving, TX 75063, USA;
| | - Sabrina Feitosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Division of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
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A Novel Polishing Paste (Mollusk Shells) for Poly (Methylmethacrylate). Int J Dent 2021; 2021:5511797. [PMID: 34306082 PMCID: PMC8272669 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5511797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a mollusk shells polishing paste (Donax obesulus) on the surface roughness of acrylic resin poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA). Methods This study was an in vitro experimental design. A sample size of 72 was divided into 4 groups of n = 18 each. PMMA specimens were prepared and polished with the evaluated pastes using mollusk shells (experimental paste) and pumice stone. Surface roughness (μm) was measured using a profilometer after polishing the PMMA samples. The paired Wilcoxon test was used to evaluate the roughness values at 24 and 48 hours. Then, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to identify the differences between the effects of the two groups evaluated with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results The roughness difference between the pastes under study was compared, and mean values of 0.50 ± 0.07 μm (mollusk shell paste group) and 0.45 ± 0.12 μm (pumice group) were obtained. No statistically significant differences were found between the experimental paste and pumice stone paste (p=0.309). The specimens polished with pumice stone paste showed higher roughness values, while those polished with the experimental paste exhibited the lowest values. Conclusion. In summary, mollusk shells polishing paste had a decrease in roughness values compared to pumice, although these differences were not statistically significant.
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Monterubbianesi R, Tosco V, Orilisi G, Grandini S, Orsini G, Putignano A. Surface evaluations of a nanocomposite after different finishing and polishing systems for anterior and posterior restorations. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2922-2929. [PMID: 34105839 PMCID: PMC9292722 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effects of different finishing and polishing (F/P) systems on gloss and surface morphology of a new nanocomposite. Thirty discs of Filtek Universal Restorative material (3 M, ESPE) were prepared and divided into six groups (n = 5). Group A and B followed F/P protocols for anterior restorations, whereas Group C and D for posterior ones. Group E represented the control (covered by Mylar strip) and Group F represented the nanocomposite placement by means of clinical hand instruments; Groups E and F did not undergo F/P procedures. Among the polished groups, Group B showed the highest values (68.54 ± 7.54 GU), followed by Group A and D (46.87 ± 5.52 GU; 53.76 ± 2.65 GU). Finally, Group C (37.38 ± 4.93 GU) displayed the lowest results. Overall, Group E showed the highest gloss values (93.45 ± 8.27 GU), while Group F presented the lowest ones (1.74 ± 0.64 GU). Surface analysis revealed that Group A, C, and D displayed a smooth surface. Group B showed the lowest irregularities. Group E exhibited the most uniform superficial morphology. On the other hand, Group F displayed the most irregular one. In conclusion, using the tested material, only two protocols achieved appropriate gloss values. Then, clinicians might use the protocols of Group B and Group D, for anterior and posterior restorations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Monterubbianesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tosco
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Orilisi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simone Grandini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelo Putignano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Kılıç V, Gök A. Effect of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of various bulk-fill and nano-filled resin-based composites: An atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy study. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2058-2067. [PMID: 33772935 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of various bulk-fill and nano-filled resin-based composites using different methods. For the study, a total of 192 disc-shaped samples (10-mm wide and 2-mm thick) were prepared from four different bulk-fill composites (Filtek Bulk Fill, X-tra fil, Beautifil-Bulk Restorative and Fill Up) and two nano-filled resin-based composites (Ceram.x SphereTEC and Filtek Z550). The samples in each composite group were divided into four subgroups according to the polishing system to be used (n = 8). Four different polishing systems (Sof-Lex Diamond, Clearfil Twist Dia, HiLuster Plus, OptiDisc) were applied. Then, surface roughness measurements were carried out using a contact-type profilometer. One sample from each group was subjected to atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) examinations. Surface roughness (Ra) values were statistically analyzed in terms of composites and polishing systems using the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparisons among groups were performed using the Tukey test (α = .05). Surface roughness values differed significantly in relation to the composite and polishing system used (p < .05). Among all composites, the lowest surface roughness values were obtained in the groups treated with the OptiDisc polishing system (except Beautifil-Bulk Restorative), whereas the highest roughness values were observed in the group polished with Clearfil Twist Dia (except Filtek Z550). X-tra fil showed the highest roughness value with all polishing systems tested. The findings of AFM analyses were consistent with profilometric measurements. The nano-filled resin-based composites showed smoother surface than bulk-fill composites and the type of the polishing systems was found to affect surface roughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahti Kılıç
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Adem Gök
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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12
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Bilgili Can D, Dündar A, Barutçugil Ç, Koyuncu Özyurt Ö. Evaluation of surface characteristic and bacterial adhesion of low-shrinkage resin composites. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:1783-1793. [PMID: 33586287 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the surface characteristics of low shrinkage composites and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus mitis to these materials. Control material (glass) and three low shrinkage composites (Charisma Diamond, Kalore GC, Beatiful II LS) were used. After polishing procedure was applied to composite specimens, surface roughness (SR), surface free energy (SFE), and contact angle measurements were performed. Surfaces of composite were analyzed using scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. After pellicle formation with artificial saliva, S. mutans and S. mitis biofilms were incubated in 5% CO2 for 24 h at 37°C and were analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The lowest SR and highest SFE values were found in the control group. While the contact angle of control was statistically lower than composites, statistically difference was not found between composite groups. S. mutans adhesion of composites was significantly lower than control group, but there was no significant difference between composites. S. mitis adhesion of all groups was statistically similar. SR did not affect the S. mutans and S. mitis adhesion. Less adherence of S. mutans to low shrinkage composites was associated with low SFE and high contact angle values. Even though the highest SR was observed in the Charisma Diamond, no difference was found between the composites in terms of bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilber Bilgili Can
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Dündar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Çağatay Barutçugil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Özlem Koyuncu Özyurt
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Freitas F, Pinheiro de Melo T, Delgado AHS, Monteiro P, Rua J, Proença L, Caldeira J, Mano Azul A, Mendes JJ. Varying the Polishing Protocol Influences the Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Bulk-Fill Resin-Based Composites. J Funct Biomater 2020; 12:jfb12010001. [PMID: 33375049 PMCID: PMC7838793 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface properties of composites such as roughness and color impact periodontal health and aesthetic outcomes. Novel bulk-fill composites with improved functionality are being introduced and, in light of the existing variety of finishing/polishing procedures, research of their surface properties is warranted. Sixty discs were prepared from bulk-fill composites (Filtek™ Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative and Fill-Up™) and incremental-fill Filtek™ Z250. They were further divided according to different polishing procedures (n = 5): three multi-step polishing procedures or finishing with a bur (control). Surface roughness (Ra) was measured using an atomic force microscope (The AFM Workshop TT-AFM). A spectrophotometer (Spectroshade Micro Optic) was used to determine color stability, after exposure to a coffee solution. Data were analyzed using two-way MANOVA (significance level of 5%). Resin composite type, polishing procedure, and their interaction had a statistically significant effect on surface roughness (p < 0.001) and color change (p < 0.001). Fill-Up™ exhibited the highest surface roughness and greatest color change. Differences in color change were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Filtek™ Bulk Fill registered the lowest surface roughness and color change, after the three-step polishing procedure. Both parameters were significantly correlated (ρ = 0.754, p < 0.001) and found to be material dependent and polishing-procedure dependent. Higher surface roughness relates to greater color changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Freitas
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (F.F.); (T.P.d.M.); (P.M.); (J.R.); (L.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.A.); (J.J.M.)
| | - Teresa Pinheiro de Melo
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (F.F.); (T.P.d.M.); (P.M.); (J.R.); (L.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.A.); (J.J.M.)
| | - António HS Delgado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (F.F.); (T.P.d.M.); (P.M.); (J.R.); (L.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.A.); (J.J.M.)
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Royal Free Hospital, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London NW3 NPF, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Paulo Monteiro
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (F.F.); (T.P.d.M.); (P.M.); (J.R.); (L.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.A.); (J.J.M.)
| | - João Rua
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (F.F.); (T.P.d.M.); (P.M.); (J.R.); (L.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.A.); (J.J.M.)
| | - Luís Proença
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (F.F.); (T.P.d.M.); (P.M.); (J.R.); (L.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.A.); (J.J.M.)
- Quantitative Methods for Health Research (MQIS), CiiEM, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Jorge Caldeira
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (F.F.); (T.P.d.M.); (P.M.); (J.R.); (L.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.A.); (J.J.M.)
- UCIBIO and LAQV Requimte, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Almada, Portugal
| | - Ana Mano Azul
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (F.F.); (T.P.d.M.); (P.M.); (J.R.); (L.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.A.); (J.J.M.)
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (F.F.); (T.P.d.M.); (P.M.); (J.R.); (L.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.A.); (J.J.M.)
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Assaf C, Abou Samra P, Nahas P. Discoloration of Resin Composites Induced by Coffee and Tomato Sauce and Subjected to Surface Polishing: An In Vitro Study. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2020; 26:e923279. [PMID: 32536683 PMCID: PMC7316162 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.923279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare color stability of 3 resin based restorative materials when immersed into staining media at 0, 3, 30, 45, 60, and 75 days, and to assess the efficacy of surface polishing in reducing possible discoloration. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety composite discs were prepared in a custom-made mold (5 mm diameter and 2 mm thick) from 3 different light cured composites (Filtek™ Z250, Harmonize™, and G-aenial). Color differences of all specimens were measured by a spectrophotometer according to the CIE L*a*b* system. After baseline color measurements, 30 discs from each composite group were randomly divided into 3 subgroups of 10 specimens each. Subgroups (n=10) were immersed for 75 days into different staining solutions: coffee, tomato sauce, and distilled water (control). Solutions were changed every week and color measurements were repeated every 15 days. At day 75, color measurements of the specimens were performed before and after surface polishing with aluminum oxide discs. The experimental data were statistically evaluated using repeated measures one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey's multiple pairwise comparison with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Of the 3 composites, G-aenial reported the highest color change deviation when immersed into coffee (ΔE=8.674), and tomato sauce (ΔE=7.737) at day 75, followed by Harmonize that also exhibited a significant difference for coffee (ΔE=4.7) and tomato sauce (ΔE=3.8) when compared to distilled water. While Filtek™ Z250 did not show any significant difference between the 3 storage solutions (P>0.05). Only G-aenial had significant color change (P<0.05) after polishing with aluminum oxide discs for all tested samples, whereas Filtek™ Z250 and Harmonize presented no significant difference after surface polishing (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Under the tested experimental conditions, Filtek™ Z250, among the 3 resin-based composites, exhibited the highest color stability when subjected to coffee and tomato sauce as well. Whereas, G-aenial presented the highest color deviation when immersed in both staining media. Surface polishing effectively reduced coffee and tomato sauce discolorations for G-aenial's specimens and had no significant effect regarding Filtek™ Z250 and Harmonize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cendrella Assaf
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Paul Nahas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Evaluation of the effects of polishing systems on surface roughness and morphology of dental composite resin. Br Dent J 2020; 228:527-532. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-1370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Gürsoy H, Tunar OL, Ince Kuka G, Ozkan Karaca E, Kocabaş H, Kuru BE. Profilometric Analysis of Periodontally Diseased Root Surfaces After Application of Different Instrumentation Tools: An In Vitro Study. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:181-185. [PMID: 31944884 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The topography of the root surface plays an important role in plaque accumulation, cell adhesion, and periodontal healing. The aim of this study is to profilometrically evaluate the root surface changes following the instrumentation using different tools. Methods: Forty dentin blocks of buccal and lingual root surfaces were obtained from 20 single-rooted periodontally diseased hopeless teeth and randomly divided into 4 groups. Each group was subjected to different root instrumentation tools such as stainless steel (SS) Gracey curette (Group 1); titanium nitride (TIN) Gracey curette (Group 2); ultrasonic piezoelectric device with a special tip designed for root surfaces (H3) (Group 3); and Er:YAG laser (Er:YAG tip) chisel (Group 4). A calibrated clinician instrumented all surfaces in each group. The root surfaces were profilometrically evaluated before and after instrumentations. Results: There were no statistical differences between the initial roughness levels of the groups. TIN curettes revealed the most prominent effect on smoothing the surface, whereas the Er:YAG tip showed the highest roughness in comparison with the other root surface instrumentation tools. Conclusions: Considering the importance of root surface roughness after treatment for the success of periodontal therapy, the TIN curette was the most periodontally appealing tool followed by H3, SS curette, and Er:YAG tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hare Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ogul Leman Tunar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Ince Kuka
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Ozkan Karaca
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hazel Kocabaş
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Eren Kuru
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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How Can Different Polishing Timing Influence Methacrylate and Dimethacrylate Bulk Fill Composites? Evaluation of Chemical and Physical Properties. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1965818. [PMID: 32382532 PMCID: PMC7199574 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1965818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The polishing procedure is commonly performed after direct composite restorations, and little information exists regarding the right timing during which it should be performed on bulk fill composites. This study investigated the effect of polishing timing on the degree of conversion (DC), Vickers microhardness (VMH), and surface morphology of a methacrylate- (MET-) and dimethacrylate- (DMET-) based bulk fill composite, by using FT-NIR, microhardness tester, and SEM. Composite samples were divided as follows: in Group I (immediate), samples were polished immediately after curing (t0); in Group D (delayed), samples were polished after 24 h from curing (t24), whereas the unpolished samples were considered as controls (Group C). The DC and VMH values were evaluated before and after polishing, at t0 and t24. Statistical analysis was performed with a significance level set at p < 0.05. At t0, DC increased after polishing in both tested composites (p < 0.05), while at t24, Group I and Group D were not different. By considering VMH, in the case of MET, all groups were not different both at t0 and t24. On the other hand, at t0, VMH values of DMET increased after polishing. At t24, DMET Group I and DMET Group D were not different. Qualitative evaluations of scanning electron micrographs showed that the surface morphology of MET presented a more irregular aspect than the DMET one. In summary, since the immediate polishing of MET can improve the DC, without negatively affecting VMH, but showing an irregular surface, it is suggested to wait 24 hours before proceeding with polishing. Otherwise, for DMET, the immediate polishing could definitively be recommended, since it improves both DC and VMH, also producing a regular surface. Therefore, clinicians may always safely polish a restoration performed using DMET-based bulk fill composites in one-chair appointment, avoiding a second appointment.
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18
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St-Pierre L, Martel C, Crépeau H, Vargas MA. Influence of Polishing Systems on Surface Roughness of Composite Resins: Polishability of Composite Resins. Oper Dent 2019; 44:E122-E132. [PMID: 31046648 DOI: 10.2341/17-140-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this in vitro study was to compare, with a threshold value of 200 nm, the surface roughness obtained when using 12 different polishing systems on four different composite resins (microfill, nanofill, and two nanohybrids). METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 384 convex specimens were made using Durafill VS, Filtek Supreme Ultra, Grandio SO, and Venus Pearl. After sandblasting and finishing with a medium-grit finishing disc, initial surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness tester. Specimens were polished using 12 different polishing systems: Astropol, HiLuster Plus, D♦Fine, Diacomp, ET Illustra, Sof-Lex Wheels, Sof-Lex XT discs, Super-Snap, Enhance/Pogo, Optrapol, OneGloss and ComposiPro Brush (n=8). The final surface roughness was measured, and data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance. Pairwise comparisons were made using protected Fisher least significant difference. RESULTS There were statistical differences in the final surface roughness between polishing systems and between composite resins (p<0.05). The highest surface roughness was observed for all composite resins polished with OneGloss and ComposiPro Brush. Enhance/Pogo and Sof-Lex Wheels produced a mean surface roughness greater than the 200-nm threshold on Filtek Supreme Ultra, Grandio SO, and Venus Pearl. Data showed that there was an interaction between the composite resins and the polishing systems. CONCLUSIONS A single polishing system does not perform equally with all composite resins. Except for Optrapol, multi-step polishing systems performed generally better than one-step systems. Excluding Enhance/Pogo, diamond-impregnated polishers led to lower surface roughness. Durafill VS, a microfill composite resin, may be polished more predictably with different polishers.
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19
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Factors affecting the color stability and staining of esthetic restorations. Odontology 2019; 107:507-512. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-019-00421-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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20
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Alkhudhairy FI. The effects of irradiance and exposure time on the surface roughness of bulk-fill composite resin restorative materials. Saudi Med J 2018; 39:197-202. [PMID: 29436570 PMCID: PMC5885098 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2018.2.21440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the surface roughness of 4 different bulk-fill resin-based composites cured using different irradiance levels. Methods: This in vitro study was performed in February 2017 to August 2017 at the College of Dentistry, King Saud University. Twenty-four specimens were prepared from each of the bulk-fill materials [Tetric N-Ceram (TNC), SonicFill (SF), Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR), and Filtek Bulk-Fill (FB)] using a brass metal mold, resulting in a total of 96 specimens, cured using a Bluephase N light curing unit. Half of the total number of specimens (N=48) were cured using high-power irradiance (1200 mW/cm2) for 20 seconds, while the remaining half (N=48) were cured using low power irradiance (650 mW/cm2) for 40 seconds. After 24 hours, baseline surface roughness of each specimen was analyzed using a profilometer, then polished using Sof-lex abrasive disks, and the surface roughness of all groups was assessed. Results: Post-polished SonicFill cured at high irradiance had the highest mean surface roughness (0.23±0.03), whereas pre-polished Smart Dentin Replacement (0.11±0.01) and SonicFill (0.11±0.02) cured at low irradiance had the lowest mean surface roughness. Conclusion: High curing irradiance (1,200 mW/cm2) had no positive influence on the surface roughness of Filtek Bulk Fill and Tetric N-Ceram bulk-fill RBCs compared with lower curing irradiance (650 mW/cm2). However, the difference of curing irradiance significantly affected the surface roughness in SDR and sonic fill RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad I Alkhudhairy
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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21
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O'Neill C, Kreplak L, Rueggeberg FA, Labrie D, Shimokawa CAK, Price RB. Effect of tooth brushing on gloss retention and surface roughness of five bulk-fill resin composites. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2017; 30:59-69. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine O'Neill
- Dental Clinical Sciences; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Laurent Kreplak
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Frederick A. Rueggeberg
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Dental College of Georgia; Augusta University; Augusta Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel Labrie
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Carlos Alberto Kenji Shimokawa
- Dental Clinical Sciences; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- School of Dentistry, Restorative Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Brazil
| | - Richard Bengt Price
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
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Magdy NM, Kola MZ, Alqahtani HH, Alqahtani MD, Alghmlas AS. Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Different Direct Resin-based Composites. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7:104-109. [PMID: 28584779 PMCID: PMC5452562 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_72_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objective: To evaluate surface roughness of different resin-based composites. Materials and Methods: Three resin composites, one nanohybrid, one nanoceramic, and one bulk-fill resin-based composite, were used in this study. Cylindrical Teflon mold and 8 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness disc specimens were prepared. For each composite material, 15 discs were fabricated, with a total of sixty discs were obtained (n = 60). A glass slide 1–2 mm thick was placed over the strip before curing with the light-curing unit to flatten the surfaces. The specimens were then cured for 40 s through the Mylar strip and the glass slide. Five specimens per each material received no finishing treatment after being cured under Mylar strips; these specimens served as a control. Ten specimens from each composite material were finished/polished with Eve discs at coarse, medium, fine, and superfine grits for 30 s (using stopwatch) each on the specimens. After polishing, the composite surfaces were assessed quantitatively by profilometry and qualitatively by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Tetric Evo Ceram and Tetric Evo Ceram Bulk-Fill specimens polished with Eve revealed slightly the same surface appearance as the Mylar strip. Eve discs scratched and exposed fillers of Ceram-x. Eve discs for Z250 surfaces exposed and scratched the filler particles but less than occurred with Ceram-x. Conclusion: Bulk-Fill and nanohybrid resin composites exhibit smoothest surfaces compared with nanoceramic and microhybrid resin composites after polishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashaat Mohammed Magdy
- Department of Conservative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Zaheer Kola
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamod Hussain Alqahtani
- Department of Conservative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Effect of Artificial Aging Protocols on Surface Gloss of Resin Composites. Int J Dent 2017; 2017:3483171. [PMID: 28611843 PMCID: PMC5458377 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3483171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aging protocols on surface gloss of composites. Cylindrical resin composite specimens (6 mm in diameter, 1 mm thick) were fabricated and divided into three groups (N = 60): microfilled (MiFi), nanohybrid (NaHy), and nanofilled (NaFi). Specimens were distributed into four aging subgroups: thermocycling (5° to 55°C, 15,000 cycles); ethanol immersion (15 days); brushing (10,750 cycles); and light aging (216 h). Surface gloss readings (Novo-Curve, Rhopoint TM, England) were performed at baseline (R0) and after every one-third of aging protocols (R1 to R3). Data were submitted to one-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). Overall, surface gloss alterations were detected over time (p < 0.001). Thermocycling reduced surface gloss, except for NaHy. Ethanol immersion resulted in surface gloss reduction after R1 for MiFi and NaFi, while reduction after R1 and R2 was detected for NaHy. For brushing, gloss reduction was detected after R1 and R3 for all composites. For light aging, gloss was reduced after R1 and R2 for MiFi and NaFi, while a reduction only after R1 was detected for NaHy. The studied aging protocols affect surface gloss differently, being material and aging therapy dependent. In general, the surface gloss is reduced with aging.
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Randolph LD, Palin WM, Leloup G, Leprince JG. Filler characteristics of modern dental resin composites and their influence on physico-mechanical properties. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1586-1599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of dental resin composite containing bioactive glass. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2016; 14:e296-301. [PMID: 27149938 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical properties of dental resin composites containing different amounts of microparticulate bioactive glass (BAG). METHODS Experimental resin composites were prepared by mixing resin matrix (70% BisGMA and 30% TEGDMA) and inorganic filler with various fractions of BAG to achieve final BAG concentrations of 5, 10 and 30 wt%. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed in aqueous suspension against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans and in biofilm against S. mutans. The effect of incorporation of BAG on the mechanical properties of resin composite was evaluated by measuring the surface roughness, compressive strength and flexural strength. RESULTS Under the dynamic contact condition, viable counts of E. coli, S. aureus and S. mutans in suspensions were reduced up to 78%, 57% and 50%, respectively, after 90 minutes of exposure to disc-shaped composite specimens, depending on the BAG contents. In 2-day-old S. mutans biofilm, incorporation of BAG into composite at ratios of 10% and 30% resulted in 0.8 and 1.4 log reductions in the viable cell counts compared with the BAG-free composite, respectively. The surface roughness values of composite specimens did not show any significant difference (p>0.05) at any concentration of BAG. However, compressive and flexural strengths of composite were decreased significantly with addition of 30% BAG (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated the successful utilization of BAG as a promising biomaterial in resin composites to provide antimicrobial function.
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Kemaloglu H, Karacolak G, Turkun LS. Can Reduced-Step Polishers Be as Effective as Multiple-Step Polishers in Enhancing Surface Smoothness? J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2016; 29:31-40. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hande Kemaloglu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Ege University Faculty of Dentistry; Bornova 35100 Turkey İzmir
| | - Gamze Karacolak
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Ege University Faculty of Dentistry; Bornova 35100 Turkey İzmir
| | - L. Sebnem Turkun
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Ege University Faculty of Dentistry; Bornova 35100 Turkey İzmir
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Kumari CM, Bhat KM, Bansal R. Evaluation of surface roughness of different restorative composites after polishing using atomic force microscopy. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:56-62. [PMID: 26957795 PMCID: PMC4760015 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.173200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resin based composites are widely used aesthetic restorative materials in clinical restorative dentistry. The filler size and the percentage of fillers affects smooth surface, clinical durability, aesthetics, better optical properties, compatibility with natural enamel tissue, surface gloss, and preventing the discoloration of the restoration. The finishing and polishing of tooth-coloured restorations are necessary clinical steps for better aesthetics and longevity of restored teeth. AIM In this study nano composites were chosen, because these contain nano particles which provide better overall composites features, including the quality of polished surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness of different newer posterior composites. MATERIAL AND METHOD Five commercially available posterior restorative composite were tested in this study. All the specimens were polished with shofu multi step polishing system. After polishing the samples were all analyzed by atomic force microscopy which is used to study surface topography and surface morphology of materials. RESULTS The values of surface roughness of each specimen were statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA, and Pair wise comparisons by Mann-Whitney U test setting the statistical significance at p ≤ 0.05. CONCLUSION Tetric Evo Ceram, Z350 exhibited less surface roughness compared to Ever X, Clearfil Majesty and Sure fil SDR. There was no statistical difference between groups regarding surface rough ness between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Meena Kumari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, M. M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - K Manohar Bhat
- Department of Pedodontia, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rahul Bansal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, M. M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
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