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Ozturk D, Sen N, Isler S. Effect of non-thermal plasma treatment and resin cements on the bond strength of zirconia ceramics with different yttria concentrations. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2023; 0:bmt-2023-0336. [PMID: 38143322 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of different surface treatments and resin cements on the shear bond strength of zirconia ceramics with different yttria concentrations. METHODS Zirconia blocks characterized by different yttria concentrations [Vita YZ HT (HT), Vita YZ ST (ST) and Vita YZ XT (XT)] were used to prepare disc-shaped specimens (n=252). Specimens prepared to investigate shear bond strength (SBS), water contact angle and surface roughness (Ra) were divided into four subgroups; control (C), sandblasting (S), sandblasting + nonthermal plasma treatment (SNTP) and nonthermal plasma treatment (NTP). For SBS testing, specimens were further divided into two groups (n=108) according to the luting cement used [Panavia F2.0 (P) and Rely X U200 (R)]. The water contact angles were determined by sessile drop technique and Ra was analyzed with optical profilometer. SBS tests were performed in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data sets were statistically analyzed with two and three-way ANOVAs followed by post-hoc comparisons (α=0.05). RESULTS The water contact angle and Ra data were significantly affected by surface treatments. The mean Ra values of ST and XT were significantly lower than HT for the surface treatment groups of C and NTP. The SBS values were significantly different among the groups subjected to different surface treatments. The mean SBS values of surface treatment groups (S, SNTP and NTP) when cemented with R were significantly higher than the groups of C (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS For the tested zirconia ceramics with different yttria concentrations, non-thermal plasma activation helps to improve SBS and is a promising tool in practical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ozturk
- Department of Prosthodontics, Health Science Institute, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nazmiye Sen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kent University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sabire Isler
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Gershater E, Griswold O, Talsania BE, Zhang Y, Chung CH, Zheng Z, Li C. Effects of Plasma Treatment on the Strength of Bonding to Ceramic Surfaces in Orthodontics-A Comprehensive Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1323. [PMID: 38002447 PMCID: PMC10669322 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, orthodontic treatment has been increasingly sought out by adults, many of whom have undergone restorative dental procedures that cover enamel. Because the characteristics of restorative materials differ from those of enamel, typical bonding techniques do not yield excellent restoration-bracket bonding strengths. Plasma treatment is an emerging surface treatment that could potentially improve bonding properties. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate currently available studies assessing the effect of plasma treatment on the shear bond strength (SBS) and failure mode of resin cement/composite on the surface of ceramic materials. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies, which were categorized by restorative material and plasma treatment types that were evaluated. It was determined that cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment using helium and H2O gas was effective at raising the SBS of feldspathic porcelain to a bonding agent, while CAP treatment using helium gas might also be a potential treatment method for zirconia and other types of ceramics. More importantly, CAP treatment using helium has the potential for being carried out chairside due to its non-toxicity, low temperature, and short treatment time. However, because all the studies were conducted in vitro and not tested in an orthodontic setting, further research must be conducted to ascertain the effectiveness of specific plasma treatments in comparison to current orthodontic bonding treatments in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Gershater
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Olivia Griswold
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brooke E. Talsania
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chun-Hsi Chung
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhong Zheng
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chenshuang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Influence of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment on Retentive Strength between Zirconia Crown and Titanium Implant Abutment. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14092352. [PMID: 34062734 PMCID: PMC8125100 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) on retentive strength (RS) between the zirconia crown and the titanium implant abutment using self-adhesive resin cement. Surface free energy (SFE) was calculated on 24 cube-shaped zirconia blocks, and RS was measured on 120 zirconia crown-titanium abutment assemblies bonded with G-CEM LinkAce. The groups were categorized according to the zirconia surface treatment as follows: Control (no surface treatment), NTP, Si (Silane), NTP + Si, Pr (Z-Prime Plus), and NTP + Pr. Half of the RS test assemblies were aged by thermocycling for 5000 cycles at 5–55 °C. The SFE was calculated using the Owens-Wendt method, and the RS was measured using a universal testing machine at the maximum load until failure. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) was performed to evaluate the effect of surface treatments on the SFE and RS. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the RS according to thermocycling (p < 0.05). For the SFE analysis, the NTP group had a significantly higher SFE value than the Control group (p < 0.05). For the RS test, in non-thermocycling, the NTP group showed a significantly higher RS value than the Control group (p < 0.05). However, in thermocycling, there was no significant difference between the Control and NTP groups (p > 0.05). In non-thermocycling, comparing with the NTP + Si or NTP + Pr group, there was no significant difference from the Si or Pr group, respectively (p > 0.05). Conversely, in thermocycling, the NTP + Si and NTP + Pr group had significantly lower RS than the Si and Pr group, respectively (p < 0.05). These results suggest that NTP single treatment for the zirconia crown increases the initial RS but has little effect on the long-term RS. Applied with Silane or Z-Prime Plus, NTP pre-treatment has no positive effect on the RS.
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Influence of Low-Pressure Plasma on the Surface Properties of CAD-CAM Leucite-Reinforced Feldspar and Resin Matrix Ceramics. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10248856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of new ceramic materials for dental restorations is currently a reality; however, little information is available on their surface treatment for the bonding process. Furthermore, surface treatment with plasma on ceramic materials has been recently introduced, although not many studies are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface properties of a leucite-reinforced feldspar ceramic (LIC) and resin matrix ceramic (RMC) after low-pressure plasma treatment. From each material, 48 discs were prepared and subject to surface treatment. The LIC group was treated by hydrofluoric acid (HF) (LIC-HF), plasma with oxygen (LIC-O2), and plasma with argon (LIC-Ar). The RMC group was treated by sandblasting with alumina (RMC-SB), plasma with oxygen (RMC-O2), and plasma with argon (RMC-Ar). The groups whose surfaces were not subjected to treatment were considered as the control group. Surface wettability and roughness was analyzed. The results showed significant differences among the treatments for both ceramics regarding wettability and roughness. Plasma treatments increased the wettability and had a very low effect on the roughness. Plasma treatments achieved similar values for both surface properties in each ceramic group with no differences between both treatments. Plasma treatment seems to be a promising alternative for ceramic surface treatments since it increased the surface energy of the ceramics analyzed and hardly affects the roughness. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the effect of plasma treatment on the bond strength of ceramics.
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Sadid-Zadeh R, Strazzella A, Li R, Makwoka S. Effect of zirconia etching solution on the shear bond strength between zirconia and resin cement. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 126:693-697. [PMID: 33162113 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The bond between resin cement and zirconia is essential to the long-term retention of a zirconia crown. However, it is unclear if the existing methods provide a long-term bond between resin cement and zirconia. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of a zirconia etching solution on the shear bond strength between zirconia and resin cement. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) disks (Ø8×5 mm) were divided into 4 groups (n=15). Each group was then treated with 1 of the following methods: airborne-particle abraded with 50-μm Al2O3 (AA); etched with zirconia etching solution (ZES); airborne-particle abraded with 50-μm Al2O3 and then etched with ZES (AA-ZES); etched with ZES and then airborne-particle abraded with 50-μm Al2O3 (ZES-AA). Sixty composite resin cylinders (Ø2.3×2.4 mm) were luted to the zirconia disks with a self-adhesive resin cement under constant load and then light-polymerized for 40 seconds. Specimens were stored in a 37 °C incubator in distilled water for 24 hours and then thermocycled for 1000 cycles between 5 °C and 55 °C. A universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min was used to measure the shear force (N). The shear bond strength (MPa) was then calculated. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the mean shear bond strength among the groups (α=.05). The failure mode was evaluated by using light microscopy at ×90 magnification and categorized as an adhesive, cohesive, or mixed failure. RESULTS Mean ±standard deviation shear bond strength for AA, ZES, AA-ZES, and ZES-AA groups were 9.9 ±2.6, 8.9 ±2.9, 9.6 ±3.9, and 11.0 ±2.3 MPa, respectively. There was no significant difference among the treatment groups (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS A zirconia etching solution did not significantly improve the shear bond strength between zirconia and resin cement compared with airborne-particle abrasion with Al2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Sadid-Zadeh
- Associate Professor, Assistant Dean of Digital Technologies, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY.
| | - Anthony Strazzella
- Dental student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY
| | - Rui Li
- Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY
| | - Steven Makwoka
- Dental Material Laboratory Director, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY
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Kim DS, Ahn JJ, Bae EB, Kim GC, Jeong CM, Huh JB, Lee SH. Influence of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment on Shear Bond Strength between Y-TZP and Self-Adhesive Resin Cement. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12203321. [PMID: 31614730 PMCID: PMC6829206 DOI: 10.3390/ma12203321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) on shear bond strength (SBS) between yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) and self-adhesive resin cement. For this study, surface energy (SE) was calculated with cube-shaped Y-TZP specimens, and SBS was measured on disc-shaped Y-TZP specimens bonded with G-CEM LinkAce or RelyX U200 resin cylinder. The Y-TZP specimens were classified into four groups according to the surface treatment as follows: Control (no surface treatment), NTP, Sb (Sandblasting), and Sb + NTP. The results showed that the SE was significantly higher in the NTP group than in the Control group (p < 0.05). For the SBS test, in non-thermocycling, the NTP group of both self-adhesive resin cements showed significantly higher SBS than the Control group (p < 0.05). However, regardless of the cement type in thermocycling, there was no significant increase in the SBS between the Control and NTP groups. Comparing the two cements, regardless of thermocycling, the NTP group of G-CEM LinkAce showed significantly higher SBS than that of RelyX U200 (p < 0.05). Our study suggests that NTP increases the SE. Furthermore, NTP increases the initial SBS, which is higher when using G-CEM LinkAce than when using RelyX U200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Sung Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Jong-Ju Ahn
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Eun-Bin Bae
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Gyoo-Cheon Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
- Research & Development Center, FEAGLE Corporation, Yangsan 50614, Korea.
| | - Chang-Mo Jeong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Jung-Bo Huh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - So-Hyoun Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
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Lümkemann N, Eichberger M, Stawarczyk B. Different surface modifications combined with universal adhesives: the impact on the bonding properties of zirconia to composite resin cement. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23:3941-3950. [PMID: 30756181 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02825-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of plasma treatment and (universal adhesives) UAs on the bonding properties of zirconia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Zirconia specimens (N = 744; n = 186/pretreatment) were prepared, highly polished, and pretreated: (i) plasma (oxygen plasma, 10s, 5 mm), (ii) airborne-particle abrasion (alumina, 50 μm, 0.05 MPa, 5 s, 10 mm), (iii) airborne-particle abrasion + plasma, and (iv) without pretreatment (highly polished surface). Surface roughness (Ra) and surface free energy (SFE) were measured (n = 6/pretreatment). Tensile bond strength (TBS) specimens (n = 180/pretreatment) were further divided (n = 18/conditioning): Clearfil Ceramic Primer (PCG), All-Bond Universal (ABU), Adhese Universal (AU), Clearfil Universal Bond (CUB), G-Premio Bond (GPB), Futurabond U (FBU), iBond Universal (IBU), One Coat 7 Universal (OCU), Scotchbond Universal (SBU), and no conditioning. PCG was luted with Panavia F2.0 and the remaining groups with DuoCem. After storage in distilled water (24 h; 37 °C) and thermocycling (5000×; 5 °C/55 °C), TBS was measured and fracture types (FTs) were determined. Data were analyzed using univariate ANOVA with a partial eta square (ƞP2), the Kruskal-Wallis H, the Mann-Whitney U, and the Chi2 test (P < .05). RESULTS Plasma treatment resulted in an increase of SFE but had no impact on Ra. Airborne-particle abrasion resulted in the highest Ra and a higher TBS when compared with plasma and non-treatment. SBU and AU obtained a higher TBS when compared with PCG. OCU, FBU, ABU, IBU, and GPB indicated comparable TBS to PCG. CUB revealed the lowest TBS. CONCLUSIONS Plasma treatment cannot substitute airborne-particle abrasion when bonding zirconia but MDP-containing adhesives are essential for successful clinical outcomes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Airborne-particle abrasion with a low pressure (0.05 MPa) in combination with UAs promotes the clinical success of adhesively bonded zirconia restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Lümkemann
- Research Associate of Dental Material Unit, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Marlis Eichberger
- Dental Technician of Dental Material Unit, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Scientific Head of Dental Material Unit, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336, Munich, Germany.
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