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Schwab AD, Wyatt TA, Moravec G, Thiele GM, Nelson AJ, Gleason A, Schanze O, Duryee MJ, Romberger DJ, Mikuls TR, Poole JA. Targeting transitioning lung monocytes/macrophages as treatment strategies in lung disease related to environmental exposures. Respir Res 2024; 25:157. [PMID: 38594676 PMCID: PMC11003126 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental/occupational exposures cause significant lung diseases. Agricultural organic dust extracts (ODE) and bacterial component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induce recruited, transitioning murine lung monocytes/macrophages, yet their cellular role remains unclear. METHODS CCR2 RFP+ mice were intratracheally instilled with high concentration ODE (25%), LPS (10 μg), or gram-positive peptidoglycan (PGN, 100 μg) for monocyte/macrophage cell-trafficking studies. CCR2 knockout (KO) mice and administration of intravenous clodronate liposomes strategies were employed to reduce circulating monocytes available for lung recruitment following LPS exposure. Lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected. Pro-inflammatory and/or pro-fibrotic cytokines, chemokines, and lung extracellular matrix mediators were quantitated by ELISA. Infiltrating lung cells including monocyte/macrophage subpopulations, neutrophils, and lymphocytes were characterized by flow cytometry. Lung histopathology, collagen content, vimentin, and post-translational protein citrullination and malondialdehyde acetaldehyde (MAA) modification were quantitated. Parametric statistical tests (one-way ANOVA, Tukey'smultiple comparison) and nonparametric statistical (Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn's multiple comparison) tests were used following Shapiro-Wilk testing for normality. RESULTS Intratracheal instillation of ODE, LPS, or PGN robustly induced the recruitment of inflammatory CCR2+ CD11cintCD11bhi monocytes/macrophages and both CCR2+ and CCR2- CD11c-CD11bhi monocytes at 48 h. There were also increases in CCR2+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and NK cells. Despite reductions in LPS-induced lung infiltrating CD11cintCD11bhi cells (54% reduction), CCR2 knockout (KO) mice were not protected against LPS-induced inflammatory and pro-fibrotic consequences. Instead, compensatory increases in lung neutrophils and CCL2 and CCL7 release occurred. In contrast, the depletion of circulating monocytes through the administration of intravenous clodronate (vs. vehicle) liposomes 24 h prior to LPS exposure reduced LPS-induced infiltrating CD11cintCD11bhi monocyte-macrophage subpopulation by 59% without compensatory changes in other cell populations. Clodronate liposome pre-treatment significantly reduced LPS-induced IL-6 (66% reduction), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-3 (36%), MMP-8 (57%), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (61%), fibronectin (38%), collagen content (22%), and vimentin (40%). LPS-induced lung protein citrullination and MAA modification, post-translational modifications implicated in lung disease, were reduced (39% and 48%) with clodronate vs. vehicle liposome. CONCLUSION Highly concentrated environmental/occupational exposures induced the recruitment of CCR2+ and CCR2- transitioning monocyte-macrophage and monocyte subpopulations and targeting peripheral monocytes may reduce the adverse lung consequences resulting from exposures to LPS-enriched inhalants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Schwab
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Todd A Wyatt
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Grace Moravec
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Thiele
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Amy J Nelson
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Angela Gleason
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Oliver Schanze
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael J Duryee
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Debra J Romberger
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ted R Mikuls
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jill A Poole
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Huckestein BR, Zeng K, Westcott R, Alder JK, Antos D, Kolls JK, Alcorn JF. Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Activation in Macrophages Contributes to Persistent Lung Inflammation following Respiratory Tract Viral Infection. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:384-401. [PMID: 38159723 PMCID: PMC10913760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory tract virus infections cause millions of hospitalizations worldwide each year. Severe infections lead to lung damage that coincides with persistent inflammation and a lengthy repair period. Vaccination and antiviral therapy help to mitigate severe infections before or during the acute stage of disease, but there are currently limited specific treatment options available to individuals experiencing the long-term sequelae of respiratory viral infection. Herein, C57BL/6 mice were infected with influenza A/PR/8/34 as a model for severe viral lung infection and allowed to recover for 21 days. Mice were treated with rapamycin, a well-characterized mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitor, on days 12 to 20 after infection, a time period after viral clearance. Persistent inflammation following severe influenza infection in mice was primarily driven by macrophages and T cells. Uniform manifold approximation and projection analysis of flow cytometry data revealed that lung macrophages had high activation of mTORC1, an energy-sensing kinase involved in inflammatory immune cell effector functions. Rapamycin treatment reduced lung inflammation and the frequency of exudate macrophages, T cells, and B cells in the lung, while not impacting epithelial progenitor cells or adaptive immune memory. These data highlight mTORC1's role in sustaining persistent inflammation following clearance of a viral respiratory pathogen and suggest a possible intervention for post-viral chronic lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brydie R Huckestein
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly Zeng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rosemary Westcott
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan K Alder
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Danielle Antos
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - John F Alcorn
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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3
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Wang H, Yip KH, Keam SP, Vlahos R, Nichol K, Wark P, Toubia J, Kral AC, Cildir G, Pant H, Hercus TR, Wilson N, Owczarek C, Lopez AF, Bozinovski S, Tumes DJ. Dual inhibition of airway inflammation and fibrosis by common β cytokine receptor blockade. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:672-683.e6. [PMID: 37931708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with severe asthma can present with eosinophilic type 2 (T2), neutrophilic, or mixed inflammation that drives airway remodeling and exacerbations and represents a major treatment challenge. The common β (βc) receptor signals for 3 cytokines, GM-CSF, IL-5, and IL-3, which collectively mediate T2 and neutrophilic inflammation. OBJECTIVE To determine the pathogenesis of βc receptor-mediated inflammation and remodeling in severe asthma and to investigate βc antagonism as a therapeutic strategy for mixed granulocytic airway disease. METHODS βc gene expression was analyzed in bronchial biopsy specimens from patients with mild-to-moderate and severe asthma. House dust mite extract and Aspergillus fumigatus extract (ASP) models were used to establish asthma-like pathology and airway remodeling in human βc transgenic mice. Lung tissue gene expression was analyzed by RNA sequencing. The mAb CSL311 targeting the shared cytokine binding site of βc was used to block βc signaling. RESULTS βc gene expression was increased in patients with severe asthma. CSL311 potently reduced lung neutrophils, eosinophils, and interstitial macrophages and improved airway pathology and lung function in the acute steroid-resistant house dust mite extract model. Chronic intranasal ASP exposure induced airway inflammation and fibrosis and impaired lung function that was inhibited by CSL311. CSL311 normalized the ASP-induced fibrosis-associated extracellular matrix gene expression network and strongly reduced signatures of cellular inflammation in the lung. CONCLUSIONS βc cytokines drive steroid-resistant mixed myeloid cell airway inflammation and fibrosis. The anti-βc antibody CSL311 effectively inhibits mixed T2/neutrophilic inflammation and severe asthma-like pathology and reverses fibrosis gene signatures induced by exposure to commonly encountered environmental allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Kwok Ho Yip
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Simon P Keam
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Kristy Nichol
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Peter Wark
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
| | - John Toubia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Anita C Kral
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Gökhan Cildir
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Harshita Pant
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Timothy R Hercus
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Nick Wilson
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Catherine Owczarek
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia.
| | - Damon J Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
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Kwak D, Bradley PB, Subbotina N, Ling S, Teitz-Tennenbaum S, Osterholzer JJ, Sisson TH, Kim KK. CD36/Lyn kinase interactions within macrophages promotes pulmonary fibrosis in response to oxidized phospholipid. Respir Res 2023; 24:314. [PMID: 38098035 PMCID: PMC10722854 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data from human studies and animal models have established roles for type II alveolar epithelial cell (AEC2) injury/apoptosis and monocyte/macrophage accumulation and activation in progressive lung fibrosis. Although the link between these processes is not well defined, we have previously shown that CD36-mediated uptake of apoptotic AEC2s by lung macrophages is sufficient to drive fibrosis. Importantly, apoptotic AEC2s are rich in oxidized phospholipids (oxPL), and amongst its multiple functions, CD36 serves as a scavenger receptor for oxPL. Recent studies have established a role for oxPLs in alveolar scarring, and we hypothesized that uptake and accrual of oxPL by CD36 would cause a macrophage phenotypic change that promotes fibrosis. To test this hypothesis, we treated wild-type and CD36-null mice with the oxPL derivative oxidized phosphocholine (POVPC) and found that CD36-null mice were protected from oxPL-induced scarring. Compared to WT mice, fewer macrophages accumulated in the lungs of CD36-null animals, and the macrophages exhibited a decreased accumulation of intracellular oxidized lipid. Importantly, the attenuated accrual of oxPL in CD36-null macrophages was associated with diminished expression of the profibrotic mediator, TGFβ. Finally, the pathway linking oxPL uptake and TGFβ expression was found to require CD36-mediated activation of Lyn kinase. Together, these observations elucidate a causal pathway that connects AEC2 injury with lung macrophage activation via CD36-mediated uptake of oxPL and suggest several potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyun Kwak
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 4061, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Patrick B Bradley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 4061, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Natalia Subbotina
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 4061, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Song Ling
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 4061, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Seagal Teitz-Tennenbaum
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 4061, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Pulmonary Section, Department of Medicine, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - John J Osterholzer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 4061, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Pulmonary Section, Department of Medicine, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Thomas H Sisson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 4061, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kevin K Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 4061, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Wang F, Ting C, Riemondy KA, Douglas M, Foster K, Patel N, Kaku N, Linsalata A, Nemzek J, Varisco BM, Cohen E, Wilson JA, Riches DW, Redente EF, Toivola DM, Zhou X, Moore BB, Coulombe PA, Omary MB, Zemans RL. Regulation of epithelial transitional states in murine and human pulmonary fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e165612. [PMID: 37768734 PMCID: PMC10645382 DOI: 10.1172/jci165612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive scarring disease arising from impaired regeneration of the alveolar epithelium after injury. During regeneration, type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) assume a transitional state that upregulates multiple keratins and ultimately differentiate into AEC1s. In IPF, transitional AECs accumulate with ineffectual AEC1 differentiation. However, whether and how transitional cells cause fibrosis, whether keratins regulate transitional cell accumulation and fibrosis, and why transitional AECs and fibrosis resolve in mouse models but accumulate in IPF are unclear. Here, we show that human keratin 8 (KRT8) genetic variants were associated with IPF. Krt8-/- mice were protected from fibrosis and accumulation of the transitional state. Keratin 8 (K8) regulated the expression of macrophage chemokines and macrophage recruitment. Profibrotic macrophages and myofibroblasts promoted the accumulation of transitional AECs, establishing a K8-dependent positive feedback loop driving fibrogenesis. Finally, rare murine transitional AECs were highly senescent and basaloid and may not differentiate into AEC1s, recapitulating the aberrant basaloid state in human IPF. We conclude that transitional AECs induced and were maintained by fibrosis in a K8-dependent manner; in mice, most transitional cells and fibrosis resolved, whereas in human IPF, transitional AECs evolved into an aberrant basaloid state that persisted with progressive fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher Ting
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kent A. Riemondy
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael Douglas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Nisha Patel
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts
| | - Norihito Kaku
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Jean Nemzek
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Brian M. Varisco
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Erez Cohen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jasmine A. Wilson
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - David W.H. Riches
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Research, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth F. Redente
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Diana M. Toivola
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bethany B. Moore
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pierre A. Coulombe
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - M. Bishr Omary
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rachel L. Zemans
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, and
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Zhong C, Si Y, Yang H, Zhou C, Chen Y, Wang C, Liu Y, Chen C, Shi H, Lai X, Tang H. Identification of monocyte-associated pathways participated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension based on omics-data. Pulm Circ 2023; 13:e12319. [PMID: 38130888 PMCID: PMC10733707 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one kind of chronic and uncurable diseases that can cause heart failure. Immune microenvironment plays a significant role in PAH. The aim of this study was to assess the role of immune cell infiltration in the pathogenesis of PAH. Differentially expressed genes based on microarray data were enriched in several immune-related pathways. To evaluate the immune cell infiltration, based on the microarray data sets in the GEO database, we used both ssGSEA and the CIBERSORT algorithm. Additionally, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data was used to further explicit the specific role and intercellular communications. Then receiver operating characteristic curves and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used to discover and test the potential diagnostic biomarkers for PAH. Both the immune cell infiltration analyses based on the microarray data sets and the cell proportion in scRNA-seq data exhibited a significant downregulation in the infiltration of monocytes in PAH. Then, the intercellular communications showed that the interaction weighs of most immune cells, including monocytes changed between the control and PAH groups, and the ITGAL-ITGB2 and ICAM signaling pathways played critical roles in this process. In addition, ITGAM and ICAM2 displayed good diagnosis values in PAH. This study implicated that the change of monocyte was one of the key immunologic features of PAH. Monocyte-associated ICAM-1 and ITGAL-ITGB2 signaling pathways might be involved in the pathogenesis of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiming Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yachen Si
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yalong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xueli Lai
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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7
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Wang Y, Jin X, Li M, Gao J, Zhao X, Ma J, Shi C, He B, Hu L, Shi J, Liu G, Qu G, Zheng Y, Jiang G. PM 2.5 Increases Systemic Inflammatory Cells and Associated Disease Risks by Inducing NRF2-Dependent Myeloid-Biased Hematopoiesis in Adult Male Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7924-7937. [PMID: 37184982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Although PM2.5 (fine particles with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) exposure shows the potential to impact normal hematopoiesis, the detailed alterations in systemic hematopoiesis and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. For hematopoiesis under steady-state or stress conditions, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is essential for regulating hematopoietic processes to maintain blood homeostasis. Herein, we characterized changes in the populations of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells and committed hematopoietic progenitors in the lungs and bone marrow (BM) of wild-type and Nrf2-/- C57BL/6J male mice. PM2.5-induced NRF2-dependent biased hematopoiesis toward myeloid lineage in the lungs and BM generates excessive numbers of various inflammatory immune cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets. The increased population of these immune cells in the lungs, BM, and peripheral blood has been associated with observed pulmonary fibrosis and high disease risks in an NRF2-dependent manner. Therefore, although NRF2 is a protective factor against stressors, upon PM2.5 exposure, NRF2 is involved in stress myelopoiesis and enhanced PM2.5 toxicity in pulmonary injury, even leading to systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xingchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunzhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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8
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Park J, Jang J, Cha SR, Baek H, Lee J, Hong SH, Lee HA, Lee TJ, Yang SR. L-carnosine Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Oxidative Stress via NFκB Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122462. [PMID: 36552670 PMCID: PMC9774395 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic Pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a chronic interstitial lung disease, has pulmonary manifestations clinically characterized by collagen deposition, epithelial cell injury, and a decline in lung function. L-carnosine, a dipeptide consisting of β-alanine and L-histidine, has demonstrated a therapeutic effect on various diseases because of its pivotal function. Despite the effect of L-carnosine in experimental IPF mice, its anti-oxidative effect and associated intercellular pathway, particularly alveolar epithelial cells, remain unknown. Therefore, we demonstrated the anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of L-carnosine via Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation in bleomycin (BLM)-induced IPF mice. The mice were intratracheally injected with BLM (3 mg/kg) and L-carnosine (150 mg/kg) was orally administrated for 2 weeks. BLM exposure increased the protein level of Nox2, Nox4, p53, and Caspase-3, whereas L-carnosine treatment suppressed the protein level of Nox2, Nox4, p53, and Caspase-3 cleavage in mice. In addition, the total SOD activity and mRNA level of Sod2, catalase, and Nqo1 increased in mice treated with L-carnosine. At the cellular level, a human fibroblast (MRC-5) and mouse alveolar epithelial cell (MLE-12) were exposed to TGFβ1 following L-carnosine treatment to induce fibrogenesis. Moreover, MLE-12 cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Consequently, L-carnosine treatment ameliorated fibrogenesis in fibroblasts and alveolar epithelial cells, and inflammation induced by ROS and CSE exposure was ameliorated. These results were associated with the inhibition of the NFκB pathway. Collectively, our data indicate that L-carnosine induces anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects on alveolar epithelial cells against the pathogenesis of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil l, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Jang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil l, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ryul Cha
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil l, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosin Baek
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil l, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyeon Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil l, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil 1, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Ah Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil 1, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Lee
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (T.-J.L.); (S.-R.Y.); Tel.: +82-33-250-6481 (T.-J.L.); 82-33-250-7883 (S.-R.Y.)
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil l, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (T.-J.L.); (S.-R.Y.); Tel.: +82-33-250-6481 (T.-J.L.); 82-33-250-7883 (S.-R.Y.)
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9
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Wang Y, Li M, Wang S, Ma J, Liu Y, Guo H, Gao J, Yao L, He B, Hu L, Qu G, Jiang G. Deciphering the Effects of 2D Black Phosphorus on Disrupted Hematopoiesis and Pulmonary Immune Homeostasis Using a Developed Flow Cytometry Method. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15869-15881. [PMID: 36227752 PMCID: PMC9671123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging two-dimensional nanomaterial with promising prospects, mono- or few-layer black phosphorus (BP) is potentially toxic to humans. We investigated the effects of two types of BPs on adult male mice through intratracheal instillation. Using the flow cytometry method, the generation, migration, and recruitment of immune cells in different organs have been characterized on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 post-exposure. Compared with small BP (S-BP, lateral size at ∼188 nm), large BP (L-BP, lateral size at ∼326 nm) induced a stronger stress lymphopoiesis and B cell infiltration into the alveolar sac. More importantly, L-BP dramatically increased peripheral neutrophil (NE) counts up to 1.9-fold on day 21 post-exposure. Decreased expression of the CXCR4 on NEs, an important regulator of NE retention in the bone marrow, explained the increased NE release into the circulation induced by L-BP. Therefore, BP triggers systemic inflammation via the disruption of both the generation and migration of inflammatory immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College
of Resources and Environment, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Research
Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of
Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Shunhao Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College
of Resources and Environment, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Research
Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of
Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yaquan Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College
of Resources and Environment, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College
of Resources and Environment, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School
of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for
Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Linlin Yao
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bin He
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School
of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for
Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College
of Resources and Environment, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School
of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for
Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College
of Resources and Environment, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute
of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School
of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for
Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College
of Resources and Environment, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute
of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School
of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for
Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College
of Resources and Environment, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute
of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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10
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Tsukuda TK, Ohnishi H, Fujimoto M, Nakatani Y, Takamatsu K, Naka T, Yokoyama A. Lung CCR6 -CXCR3 - type 2 helper T cells as an indicator of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19577. [PMID: 36380088 PMCID: PMC9666512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (PF-ILDs) have a poor prognosis and may be resistant to corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants, but antifibrotic therapies such as nintedanib and pirfenidone have been shown to slow the deterioration of lung function. The aim of this study was to identify the characteristic cellular profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at diagnostic bronchoscopy for predicting PF-ILDs, defined as fibrotic diseases on chest high-resolution computed tomography with more than a 5% relative decline in the percent predicted value of forced vital capacity (FVC) over 6 months. The proportions of inflammatory cells, CCR6-CXCR3- T helper type 2 (Th2) cells among conventional CD4+ T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood, were measured by flowcytometry. The proportion of lymphocytes in BALF was significantly higher in non-PF-ILD patients than in PF-ILD patients. The proportion of Th2 cells in BALF, but not in peripheral blood, was significantly higher in PF-ILD patients than in non-PF-ILD patients. Multivariate analysis showed that a greater population of Th2 cells in BALF was the only indicator for PF-ILDs. An increased proportion of Th2 cells in BALF is associated with greater deterioration of lung function in fibrotic interstitial lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukie Kin Tsukuda
- grid.278276.e0000 0001 0659 9825Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohnishi
- grid.278276.e0000 0001 0659 9825Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505 Japan
| | - Minoru Fujimoto
- grid.278276.e0000 0001 0659 9825Center for the Intractable Immune Disease, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan ,grid.411790.a0000 0000 9613 6383Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Yu Nakatani
- grid.278276.e0000 0001 0659 9825Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505 Japan
| | - Kazufumi Takamatsu
- grid.278276.e0000 0001 0659 9825Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505 Japan
| | - Tetsuji Naka
- grid.278276.e0000 0001 0659 9825Center for the Intractable Immune Disease, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan ,grid.411790.a0000 0000 9613 6383Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Akihito Yokoyama
- grid.278276.e0000 0001 0659 9825Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505 Japan
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11
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Ding L, Zhou W, Zhang J, Tang Q, Xiao W, Chen M, Shen Z, Chen W. Calming egress of inflammatory monocytes and related septic shock by therapeutic CCR2 silencing using macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:4935-4945. [PMID: 35225315 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06922e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation, featuring the aggravated mobilization of Ly6Chigh inflammatory monocytes (Mos), may cause high morbidity and mortality in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated immune disorders. Inspired by the similar membrane protein profile of extracellular vehicles (EVs) and their parent cells, EVs are generated from immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (Mps) for Mo/Mp-targeting drug delivery. Compared with MSC-EVs, Mac-EVs are more efficiently internalized by inflammatory Mo/Mps in vitro as well as by septic spleen in vivo. By loading with siRNA targeting the chemokine receptor CCR2, the mediator for chemotaxis of inflammatory Mo/Mps, Mac-EVsiCCR2 not only restrains chemotaxis of inflammatory Mo/Mps but also relieves septic symptoms in mice by limiting the mobilization of splenic inflammatory monocytes and calming the subsequent serum cytokine storm. The current study provides functional evidence for the successful therapeutic targeting of septic inflammatory Mos, mandating the clinical development of CCR2 inhibition in patients with infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qingsong Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Weizhang Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
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12
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To S, Chavula T, Pedroza M, Smith J, Agarwal SK. Cadherin-11 Regulates Macrophage Development and Function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:795337. [PMID: 35211116 PMCID: PMC8860974 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.795337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherin-11 (CDH11) is a cell-cell adhesion protein that has previously been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. It is expressed on macrophages in the fibrotic lung. However, the role of CDH11 on macrophage biology has not yet been studied. We show using immunophenotypic analyses that Cdh11-/- mice have fewer recruited monocyte-derived macrophages and Ly6Chi monocytes in the lungs compared to wild-type mice in the intraperitoneal bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model. Additionally, fewer Ly6Chi monocytes were detected in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of naive Cdh11-/- mice. Given that macrophages are derived from monocytes, we investigated the precursors of the monocyte/macrophage lineage in the bone marrow. We found increased numbers of CMPs and reduced numbers of GMPs and MPs/cMoPs in Cdh11-/- mice compared to wild-type mice, suggesting decreased differentiation towards the myeloid lineage in Cdh11-/- mice. Furthermore, we show using bone marrow cells that loss of CDH11 impaired monocyte to macrophage differentiation. We also demonstrate that CDH11 deficiency repressed the M2 program and impaired the phagocytic function of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Overall, our findings demonstrate a role for CDH11 in macrophage development, M2 polarization, and phagocytic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah To
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Thandiwe Chavula
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mesias Pedroza
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sandeep K Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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13
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Sustained Club Cell Injury in Mice Induces Histopathologic Features of Deployment-Related Constrictive Bronchiolitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:410-425. [PMID: 34954211 PMCID: PMC8895425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Histopathologic evidence of deployment-related constrictive bronchiolitis (DRCB) has been identified in soldiers deployed to Southwest Asia. While inhalational injury to the airway epithelium is suspected, relatively little is known about the pathogenesis underlying this disabling disorder. Club cells are local progenitors critical for repairing the airway epithelium after exposure to various airborne toxins, and a prior study using an inducible transgenic murine model reported that 10 days of sustained targeted club cell injury causes constrictive bronchiolitis. To further understand the mechanisms leading to small airway fibrosis, a murine model was employed to show that sustained club cell injury elicited acute weight loss, caused increased local production of proinflammatory cytokines, and promoted accumulation of numerous myeloid cell subsets in the lung. Transition to a chronic phase was characterized by up-regulated expression of oxidative stress-associated genes, increased activation of transforming growth factor-β, accumulation of alternatively activated macrophages, and enhanced peribronchiolar collagen deposition. Comparative histopathologic analysis demonstrated that sustained club cell injury was sufficient to induce epithelial metaplasia, airway wall thickening, peribronchiolar infiltrates, and clusters of intraluminal airway macrophages that recapitulated key abnormalities observed in DRCB. Depletion of alveolar macrophages in mice decreased activation of transforming growth factor-β and ameliorated constrictive bronchiolitis. Collectively, these findings implicate sustained club cell injury in the development of DRCB and delineate pathways that may yield biomarkers and treatment targets for this disorder.
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14
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He J, Du Y, Li G, Xiao P, Sun X, Song W, Lai L, Xia M, Zhang J, Wang Q. Myeloid Fbxw7 Prevents Pulmonary Fibrosis by Suppressing TGF-β Production. Front Immunol 2022; 12:760138. [PMID: 35069531 PMCID: PMC8767095 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.760138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a group of chronic interstitial pulmonary diseases characterized by an inexorable decline in lung function with limited treatment options. The abnormal expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in profibrotic macrophages is linked to severe pulmonary fibrosis, but the regulation mechanisms of TGF-β expression are incompletely understood. We found that decreased expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase Fbxw7 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was significantly related to the severity of pulmonary fibrosis in IPF patients. Fbxw7 is identified to be a crucial suppressing factor for pulmonary fibrosis development and progression in a mouse model induced by intratracheal bleomycin treatment. Myeloid cell-specific Fbxw7 deletion increases pulmonary monocyte-macrophages accumulation in lung tissue, and eventually promotes bleomycin-induced collagen deposition and progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Notably, the expression of TGF-β in profibrotic macrophages was significantly upregulated in myeloid cell-specific Fbxw7 deletion mice after bleomycin treatment. C-Jun has long been regarded as a critical transcription factor of Tgfb1, we clarified that Fbxw7 inhibits the expression of TGF-β in profibrotic macrophages by interacting with c-Jun and mediating its K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation. These findings provide insight into the role of Fbxw7 in the regulation of macrophages during the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Du
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaopeng Li
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingzheng Sun
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Song
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Lai
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Bain CC, MacDonald AS. The impact of the lung environment on macrophage development, activation and function: diversity in the face of adversity. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:223-234. [PMID: 35017701 PMCID: PMC8749355 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00480-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has been somewhat of a renaissance period for the field of macrophage biology. This renewed interest, combined with the advent of new technologies and development of novel model systems to assess different facets of macrophage biology, has led to major advances in our understanding of the diverse roles macrophages play in health, inflammation, infection and repair, and the dominance of tissue environments in influencing all of these areas. Here, we discuss recent developments in our understanding of lung macrophage heterogeneity, ontogeny, metabolism and function in the context of health and disease, and highlight core conceptual advances and key unanswered questions that we believe should be focus of work in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum C Bain
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Andrew S MacDonald
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
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16
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Xing D, Chen L, Wang L, Jin J, Liu D, Liu H, Dong S. An analysis of the treatment effect of two modes of oxygenation on patients with radiation pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure. Technol Health Care 2022; 30:869-880. [PMID: 35001901 DOI: 10.3233/thc-213597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) is widely used in the treatment of thoracic cancer. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a non-rebreather mask (NRBM) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in patients with radiation pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure. METHODS This was a single-center randomized controlled study. Patients admitted to the EICU of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University were selected and divided into NRBM and HFNC group. Arterial blood gas analysis, tidal volume, respiratory rates and the cases of patients receiving invasive assisted ventilation were collected at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after admission. RESULTS (1) The PaO2/FiO2, respiratory rates, and tidal volume between the two groups at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h were different, with F values of 258.177, 294.121, and 134.372, all P< 0.01. These indicators were different under two modes of oxygenation, with F values of 40.671, 168.742, and 55.353, all P< 0.01, also varied with time, with an F value of 7.480, 9.115, and 12.165, all P< 0.01. (2) The incidence of trachea intubation within 72 h between HFNC and NRBM groups (23 [37.1%] vs. 34 [54.0%], P< 0.05). The transition time to mechanical ventilation in the HFNC and NRBM groups (55.3 ± 3.2 h vs. 45.9 ± 3.6 h, P< 0.05). (3) The risk of intubation in patients with an APACHE-II score > 23 was 2.557 times than score ⩽ 23, and the risk of intubation in the NRBM group was 1.948 times more than the HFNC group (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with the NRBM, HFNC can improve the oxygenation state of patients with radiation pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure in a short time, and reduce the incidence of trachea intubation within 72 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xing
- Department of Emergency, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of General practice, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lantao Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baoding No. 1 Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Emergency, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shimin Dong
- Department of Emergency, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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17
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Uddin MB, Sajib EH, Hoque SF, Hassan MM, Ahmed SSU. Macrophages in respiratory system. RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN MICROBIAL DIVERSITY 2022:299-333. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822368-0.00014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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18
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Özkan M, Eskiocak YC, Wingender G. Macrophage and dendritic cell subset composition can distinguish endotypes in adjuvant-induced asthma mouse models. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250533. [PMID: 34061861 PMCID: PMC8168852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with neutrophilic and eosinophilic asthma as the main endotypes that are distinguished according to the cells recruited to the airways and the related pathology. Eosinophilic asthma is the treatment-responsive endotype, which is mainly associated with allergic asthma. Neutrophilic asthma is a treatment-resistant endotype, affecting 5-10% of asthmatics. Although eosinophilic asthma is well-studied, a clear understanding of the endotypes is essential to devise effective diagnosis and treatment approaches for neutrophilic asthma. To this end, we directly compared adjuvant-induced mouse models of neutrophilic (CFA/OVA) and eosinophilic (Alum/OVA) asthma side-by-side. The immune response in the inflamed lung was analyzed by multi-parametric flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. We found that eosinophilic asthma was characterized by a preferential recruitment of interstitial macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells, whereas in neutrophilic asthma plasmacytoid dendritic cells, exudate macrophages, and GL7+ activated B cells predominated. This differential distribution of macrophage and dendritic cell subsets reveals important aspects of the pathophysiology of asthma and holds the promise to be used as biomarkers to diagnose asthma endotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Müge Özkan
- Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova/Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Gerhard Wingender
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Balcova/Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Technologies, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova/Izmir, Turkey
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19
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Planté-Bordeneuve T, Pilette C, Froidure A. The Epithelial-Immune Crosstalk in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631235. [PMID: 34093523 PMCID: PMC8170303 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the lung epithelium and the immune system involve a tight regulation to prevent inappropriate reactions and have been connected to several pulmonary diseases. Although the distal lung epithelium and local immunity have been implicated in the pathogenesis and disease course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), consequences of their abnormal interplay remain less well known. Recent data suggests a two-way process, as illustrated by the influence of epithelial-derived periplakin on the immune landscape or the effect of macrophage-derived IL-17B on epithelial cells. Additionally, damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), released by damaged or dying (epithelial) cells, are augmented in IPF. Next to “sterile inflammation”, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are increased in IPF and have been linked with lung fibrosis, while outer membrane vesicles from bacteria are able to influence epithelial-macrophage crosstalk. Finally, the advent of high-throughput technologies such as microbiome-sequencing has allowed for the identification of a disease-specific microbial environment. In this review, we propose to discuss how the interplays between the altered distal airway and alveolar epithelium, the lung microbiome and immune cells may shape a pro-fibrotic environment. More specifically, it will highlight DAMPs-PAMPs pathways and the specificities of the IPF lung microbiome while discussing recent elements suggesting abnormal mucosal immunity in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Planté-Bordeneuve
- Pôle de pneumologie, O.R.L. et dermatologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Pôle de pneumologie, O.R.L. et dermatologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium.,Service de pneumologie, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Antoine Froidure
- Pôle de pneumologie, O.R.L. et dermatologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium.,Service de pneumologie, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
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20
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Mayr CH, Simon LM, Leuschner G, Ansari M, Schniering J, Geyer PE, Angelidis I, Strunz M, Singh P, Kneidinger N, Reichenberger F, Silbernagel E, Böhm S, Adler H, Lindner M, Maurer B, Hilgendorff A, Prasse A, Behr J, Mann M, Eickelberg O, Theis FJ, Schiller HB. Integrative analysis of cell state changes in lung fibrosis with peripheral protein biomarkers. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e12871. [PMID: 33650774 PMCID: PMC8033531 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The correspondence of cell state changes in diseased organs to peripheral protein signatures is currently unknown. Here, we generated and integrated single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic data from multiple large pulmonary fibrosis patient cohorts. Integration of 233,638 single-cell transcriptomes (n = 61) across three independent cohorts enabled us to derive shifts in cell type proportions and a robust core set of genes altered in lung fibrosis for 45 cell types. Mass spectrometry analysis of lung lavage fluid (n = 124) and plasma (n = 141) proteomes identified distinct protein signatures correlated with diagnosis, lung function, and injury status. A novel SSTR2+ pericyte state correlated with disease severity and was reflected in lavage fluid by increased levels of the complement regulatory factor CFHR1. We further discovered CRTAC1 as a biomarker of alveolar type-2 epithelial cell health status in lavage fluid and plasma. Using cross-modal analysis and machine learning, we identified the cellular source of biomarkers and demonstrated that information transfer between modalities correctly predicts disease status, suggesting feasibility of clinical cell state monitoring through longitudinal sampling of body fluid proteomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph H Mayr
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC–M bioArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Lukas M Simon
- Institute of Computational BiologyHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Gabriela Leuschner
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC–M bioArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine VLudwig‐Maximilians University (LMU) MunichMember of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), CPC‐M bioArchiveMunichGermany
| | - Meshal Ansari
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC–M bioArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
- Institute of Computational BiologyHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Janine Schniering
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC–M bioArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
- Department of RheumatologyCenter of Experimental RheumatologyUniversity & University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Philipp E Geyer
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Ilias Angelidis
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC–M bioArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Maximilian Strunz
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC–M bioArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Pawandeep Singh
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC–M bioArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Nikolaus Kneidinger
- Department of Internal Medicine VLudwig‐Maximilians University (LMU) MunichMember of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), CPC‐M bioArchiveMunichGermany
| | - Frank Reichenberger
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich‐GautingCPC‐M bioArchive, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Edith Silbernagel
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich‐GautingCPC‐M bioArchive, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Stephan Böhm
- Faculty of MedicineMax von Pettenkofer‐Institute, VirologyNational Reference Center for RetrovirusesLMU MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Heiko Adler
- Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenResearch Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Michael Lindner
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich‐GautingCPC‐M bioArchive, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
- University Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery SalzburgParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Britta Maurer
- Department of RheumatologyCenter of Experimental RheumatologyUniversity & University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Center for Comprehensive Developmental Care (CDeCLMU)Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)Hospital of the Ludwig‐Maximilians University (LMU)CPC‐M bioArchiveMunichGermany
| | - Antje Prasse
- Department of PneumologyHannover Medical School, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)HannoverGermany
| | - Jürgen Behr
- Department of Internal Medicine VLudwig‐Maximilians University (LMU) MunichMember of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), CPC‐M bioArchiveMunichGermany
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich‐GautingCPC‐M bioArchive, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational BiologyHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC–M bioArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
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21
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Wu B, Tang L, Kapoor M. Fibroblasts and their responses to chronic injury in pulmonary fibrosis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 51:310-317. [PMID: 33440304 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The field of pulmonary fibrosis is rapidly expanding as new insights highlight novel mechanisms that influence fibroblast biology and likely promote aberrant and chronic activation of the tissue repair response. Current paradigms suggest repeated epithelial microinjury as a driver for pathology; however, the rapid expansion of pulmonary fibrosis research calls for an overview on how fibroblasts respond to both neighbouring cells and the injury microenvironment. This review seeks to highlight recent discoveries and identify areas that require further research regarding fibroblasts, and their role in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wu
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Tang
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Kapoor
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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22
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The therapeutic potential of galectin-3 inhibition in fibrotic disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 130:105881. [PMID: 33181315 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding mammalian lectin and part of the 15 member galectin family that are evolutionarily highly conserved. It is the only chimeric protein with a C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) linked to a proline, glycine, and tyrosine rich additional N-terminal domain. Galectin-3 binds several cell surface glycoproteins via its CRD domain as well as undergoing oligomerization, via binding at the N-terminal or the CRD, resulting in the formation of a galectin-3 lattice on the cell surface. The galectin-3 lattice has been regarded as being a crucial mechanism whereby extracellular galectin-3 modulates cellular signalling by prolonging retention time or retarding lateral movement of cell surface receptors in the plasma membrane. As such galectin-3 can regulate various cellular functions such as diffusion, compartmentalization and endocytosis of plasma membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids and the functionality of membrane receptors. In multiple models of organ fibrosis, it has been demonstrated that galectin-3 is potently pro-fibrotic and modulates the activity of fibroblasts and macrophages in chronically inflamed organs. Increased galectin-3 expression also activates myofibroblasts resulting in scar formation and may therefore impact common fibrotic pathways leading to fibrosis in multiple organs. Over the last decade there has been a marked increase in the scientific literature investigating galectin-3 in a range of fibrotic diseases as well as the clinical development of new galectin-3 inhibitors. In this review we will examine the role of galectin-3 in fibrosis, the therapeutic strategies for inhibiting galectin-3 in fibrotic disease and the clinical landscape to date.
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23
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Byrne AJ, Powell JE, O'Sullivan BJ, Ogger PP, Hoffland A, Cook J, Bonner KL, Hewitt RJ, Wolf S, Ghai P, Walker SA, Lukowski SW, Molyneaux PL, Saglani S, Chambers DC, Maher TM, Lloyd CM. Dynamics of human monocytes and airway macrophages during healthy aging and after transplant. J Exp Med 2020; 217:133575. [PMID: 31917836 PMCID: PMC7062517 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ontogeny of airway macrophages (AMs) in human lung and their contribution to disease are poorly mapped out. In mice, aging is associated with an increasing proportion of peripherally, as opposed to perinatally derived AMs. We sought to understand AM ontogeny in human lung during healthy aging and after transplant. We characterized monocyte/macrophage populations from the peripheral blood and airways of healthy volunteers across infancy/childhood (2–12 yr), maturity (20–50 yr), and older adulthood (>50 yr). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on airway inflammatory cells isolated from sex-mismatched lung transplant recipients. During healthy aging, the proportions of blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) classical monocytes peak in adulthood and decline in older adults. scRNA-seq of BAL cells from lung transplant recipients indicates that after transplant, the majority of AMs are recipient derived. These data show that during aging, the peripheral monocyte phenotype is consistent with that found in the airways and, furthermore, that the majority of human AMs after transplant are derived from circulating monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Byrne
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - Joseph E Powell
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia.,Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brendan J O'Sullivan
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Patricia P Ogger
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ashley Hoffland
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - James Cook
- National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Katie L Bonner
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Richard J Hewitt
- National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Poonam Ghai
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Simone A Walker
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Philip L Molyneaux
- National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sejal Saglani
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daniel C Chambers
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Toby M Maher
- National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Clare M Lloyd
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
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24
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Cui TX, Brady AE, Fulton CT, Zhang YJ, Rosenbloom LM, Goldsmith AM, Moore BB, Popova AP. CCR2 Mediates Chronic LPS-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation and Hypoalveolarization in a Murine Model of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Front Immunol 2020; 11:579628. [PMID: 33117383 PMCID: PMC7573800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The histopathology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) includes hypoalveolarization and interstitial thickening due to abnormal myofibroblast accumulation. Chorioamnionitis and sepsis are major risk factors for BPD development. The cellular mechanisms leading to these lung structural abnormalities are poorly understood. We used an animal model with repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration into the airways of immature mice to simulate prolonged airway exposure to gram-negative bacteria, focusing on the role of C-C chemokine receptor type 2-positive (CCR2+) exudative macrophages (ExMf). Repetitive LPS exposure of immature mice induced persistent hypoalveolarization observed at 4 and 18 days after the last LPS administration. LPS upregulated the expression of lung pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-17a, IL-6, IL-1β) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL7, CXCL1, and CXCL2), while the expression of genes involved in lung alveolar and mesenchymal cell development (PDGFR-α, FGF7, FGF10, and SPRY1) was decreased. LPS induced recruitment of ExMf, including CCR2+ ExMf, as well as other myeloid cells like DCs and neutrophils. Lungs of LPS-exposed CCR2−/− mice showed preserved alveolar structure and normal patterns of α-actin and PDGFRα expression at the tips of the secondary alveolar crests. Compared to wild type mice, a significantly lower number of ExMf, including TNF-α+ ExMf were recruited to the lungs of CCR2−/− mice following repetitive LPS exposure. Further, pharmacological inhibition of TLR4 with TAK-242 also blocked the effect of LPS on alveolarization, α-SMA and PDGFRα expression. TNF-α and IL-17a induced α-smooth muscle actin expression in the distal airspaces of E16 fetal mouse lung explants. In human preterm lung mesenchymal stromal cells, TNF-α reduced mRNA and protein expression of PDGFR-α and decreased mRNA expression of WNT2, FOXF2, and SPRY1. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that in immature mice repetitive LPS exposure, through TLR4 signaling increases lung inflammation and impairs lung alveolar growth in a CCR2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy X Cui
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Alexander E Brady
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Christina T Fulton
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ying-Jian Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Liza M Rosenbloom
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Adam M Goldsmith
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bethany B Moore
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Antonia P Popova
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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25
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Shi J, Chen M, Ouyang L, Wang Q, Guo Y, Huang L, Jiang S. miR-142-5p and miR-130a-3p regulate pulmonary macrophage polarization and asthma airway remodeling. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:715-725. [PMID: 32524675 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are key regulators of the development and progression of asthma, facilitating deleterious airway remodeling in affected patients. Immune cell function is tightly regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), but how these miRNAs impact macrophage-mediated airway remodeling in the context of asthma remains to be determined. In this study, we utilized an ovalbumin (OVA)-based murine model of asthma to evaluate the importance of miRNAs within these macrophages. We found that macrophages from mice that had been sensitized with and exposed to OVA expressed higher levels of M2-like phenotypic markers and exhibited significantly altered expression of both miR-142-5p and miR-130a-3p. When these isolated pulmonary macrophages were cultured in vitro, we determined that transfecting them with miR-142-5p antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) or miR-130a-3p mimics was sufficient to inhibit the ability of interleukin-4 to induce M2 cytokine production. We additionally confirmed the in vivo relevance of these miRNAs in a Ccr2-/- murine model system mimicking asthma. Specifically, we determined that transfecting monocytes with miR-142-5p ASO and/or miR-130a-3p mimics was sufficient to disrupt the ability of these cells to promote airway remodeling. As such, these findings reveal that miR-142-5p and miR-130a-3p dysregulation are important factors governing the polarization of macrophages and associated airway remodeling in OVA-sensitized mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Ouyang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiujie Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjie Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanping Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Manfredi A, Luppi F, Cassone G, Vacchi C, Salvarani C, Sebastiani M. Pathogenesis and treatment of idiopathic and rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial pneumonia. The possible lesson from COVID-19 pneumonia. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:751-770. [PMID: 32722946 PMCID: PMC7594185 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1803064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Main clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection are characterized by fever, dyspnea, and interstitial pneumonia, frequently evolving in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). AREAS COVERED Features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents some common points with interstitial lung disease (ILD) both idiopathic and related to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), typically characterized by a chronic progression over time and possibly complicated by acute exacerbation (AE). The study of common pathogenetic mechanisms, such as the involvement of toll-like receptor 4, could contribute to the knowledge and treatment of idiopathic and RA-ILD. Moreover, hyperinflammation, mainly characterized by increase of effector T-cells and inflammatory cytokines, and activation of coagulation cascade, observed in COVID-19 related ARDS have been already shown in patients with AE of idiopathic and RA-ILD. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, together with a manual search in COVID-resource centers of the main journals. EXPERT OPINION Despite the uncertainty about pathogenetic aspects about COVID-19- pneumonia, it could be a possible model for other forms of ILD and AE. The great amount of data from studies on COVID-19 could be helpful in proposing safe therapeutic approaches for RA-ILD, in understanding pathogenesis of usual interstitial pneumonia and to develop new therapeutic strategies for AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Manfredi
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico Di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - F Luppi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Respiratory Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - G Cassone
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Rheumatology Unit, Santa Maria Hospital, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - C Vacchi
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico Di Modena, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - C Salvarani
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico Di Modena, Modena, Italy
- Rheumatology Unit, Santa Maria Hospital, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - M Sebastiani
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico Di Modena, Modena, Italy
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27
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Yang J, Agarwal M, Ling S, Teitz-Tennenbaum S, Zemans RL, Osterholzer JJ, Sisson TH, Kim KK. Diverse Injury Pathways Induce Alveolar Epithelial Cell CCL2/12, Which Promotes Lung Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:622-632. [PMID: 31922885 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0297oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that fibrosis is a multicellular process with contributions from alveolar epithelial cells (AECs), recruited monocytes/macrophages, and fibroblasts. We have previously shown that AEC injury is sufficient to induce fibrosis, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. Several cell types, including AECs, can produce CCL2 and CCL12, which can promote fibrosis through CCR2 activation. CCR2 signaling is critical for the initiation and progression of pulmonary fibrosis, in part through recruitment of profibrotic bone marrow-derived monocytes. Attempts at inhibiting CCL2 in patients with fibrosis demonstrated a marked upregulation of CCL2 production and no therapeutic response. To better understand the mechanisms involved in CCL2/CCR2 signaling, we generated mice with conditional deletion of CCL12, a murine homolog of human CCL2. Surprisingly, we found that mice with complete deletion of CCL12 had markedly increased concentrations of other CCR2 ligands and were not protected from fibrosis after bleomycin injury. In contrast, mice with lung epithelial cell-specific deletion of CCL12 were protected from bleomycin-induced fibrosis and had expression of CCL2 and CCL7 similar to that of control mice treated with bleomycin. Deletion of CCL12 within AECs led to decreased recruitment of exudate macrophages. Finally, injury to murine and human primary AECs resulted in increased production of CCL2 and CCL12, in part through activation of the mTOR pathway. In conclusion, these data suggest that targeting CCL2 may be a viable antifibrotic strategy once the pathways involved in the production and function of CCL2 and other CCR2 ligands are better defined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manisha Agarwal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Song Ling
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Seagal Teitz-Tennenbaum
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and.,Pulmonary Section, Department of Medicine, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rachel L Zemans
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - John J Osterholzer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and.,Pulmonary Section, Department of Medicine, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Thomas H Sisson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Kevin K Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Macrophages are key players in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and fibrosis. The mechanism by which macrophages regulate fibrogenesis is unclear and understanding the origin and function of macrophages is critical to developing effective therapeutics. Novel targets on macrophages are under investigation and recently, cadherins have emerged as a potential therapeutic target on macrophages. The current review will discuss the importance of macrophages in SSc and fibrosis and summarize recent studies on the role of cadherin-11 (Cdh11) on macrophages and fibrosis. RECENT FINDINGS Genome-wide expression studies demonstrate the importance of macrophages in SSc and fibrosis. Although M2 macrophages are associated with fibrosis, the presence of a mixed M1/M2 phenotype in fibrosis has recently been reported. Several studies aiming to identify macrophage subsets involved in fibrogenesis suggest that monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages are key players in the development of murine lung fibrosis. Recent functional studies show that Cdh11 regulates macrophages, fibroblast invasion, and adhesion of macrophages to myofibroblasts. SUMMARY Macrophages play an important role in SSc and fibrosis. New insights into the mechanisms by which macrophages regulate fibrogenesis have been discovered on the basis of Cdh11 studies and suggest that targeting Cdh11 may be an effective target to treat fibrosis.
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29
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Reader BF, Sethuraman S, Hay BR, Thomas Becket RV, Karpurapu M, Chung S, Lee YG, Christman JW, Ballinger MN. IRAK-M Regulates Monocyte Trafficking to the Lungs in Response to Bleomycin Challenge. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2661-2670. [PMID: 32253243 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a deadly disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition in the lungs, resulting in decreased pulmonary function. Although epithelial cells and fibroblasts have long been the focus of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis research, the role of various subpopulations of macrophages in promoting a fibrotic response is an emerging target. Healthy lungs are composed of two macrophage populations, tissue-resident alveolar macrophages and interstitial macrophages, which help to maintain homeostasis. After injury, tissue-resident alveolar macrophages are depleted, and monocytes from the bone marrow (BM) traffic to the lungs along a CCL2/CCR2 axis and differentiate into monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (Mo-AMs), which is a cell population implicated in murine models of pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we sought to determine how IL-1R-associated kinase-M (IRAK-M), a negative regulator of TLR signaling, modulates monocyte trafficking into the lungs in response to bleomycin. Our data indicate that after bleomycin challenge, mice lacking IRAK-M have decreased monocyte trafficking and reduced Mo-AMs in their lungs. Although IRAK-M expression did not regulate differences in chemokines, cytokines, or adhesion molecules associated with monocyte recruitment, IRAK-M was necessary for CCR2 upregulation following bleomycin challenge. This finding prompted us to develop a competitive BM chimera model, which demonstrated that expression of BM-derived IRAK-M was necessary for monocyte trafficking into the lung and for subsequent enhanced collagen deposition. These data indicate that IRAK-M regulates monocyte trafficking by increasing the expression of CCR2, resulting in enhanced monocyte translocation into the lung, Mo-AM differentiation, and development of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda F Reader
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Shruthi Sethuraman
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Bryan R Hay
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Rose Viguna Thomas Becket
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Manjula Karpurapu
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Sangwoon Chung
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Yong Gyu Lee
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - John W Christman
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Megan N Ballinger
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
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30
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Borok Z, Horie M, Flodby P, Wang H, Liu Y, Ganesh S, Firth AL, Minoo P, Li C, Beers MF, Lee AS, Zhou B. Grp78 Loss in Epithelial Progenitors Reveals an Age-linked Role for Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 201:198-211. [PMID: 31738079 PMCID: PMC6961744 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201902-0451oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injury and dysregulated repair are implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in AEC has been observed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a disease of aging.Objectives: To investigate a causal role for ER stress in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and therapeutic potential of ER stress inhibition in PF.Methods: The role of ER stress in AEC dysfunction and fibrosis was studied in mice with tamoxifen (Tmx)-inducible deletion of ER chaperone Grp78, a key regulator of ER homeostasis, in alveolar type II (AT2) cells, progenitors of distal lung epithelium, and in IPF lung slice cultures.Measurements and Main Results:Grp78 deletion caused weight loss, mortality, lung inflammation, and spatially heterogeneous fibrosis characterized by fibroblastic foci, hyperplastic AT2 cells, and increased susceptibility of old and male mice, all features of IPF. Fibrosis was more persistent in more severely injured Grp78 knockout (KO) mice. Grp78 KO AT2 cells showed evidence of ER stress, apoptosis, senescence, impaired progenitor capacity, and activation of TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β)/SMAD signaling. Glucose-regulated protein 78 is reduced in AT2 cells from old mice and patients with IPF, and ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid ameliorates ER stress and fibrosis in Grp78 KO mouse and IPF lung slice cultures.Conclusions: These results support a causal role for ER stress and resulting epithelial dysfunction in PF and suggest ER stress as a potential mechanism linking aging to IPF. Modulation of ER stress and chaperone function may offer a promising therapeutic approach for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zea Borok
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Masafumi Horie
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine
| | - Per Flodby
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine
| | - Yixin Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine
| | - Sivagini Ganesh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine
| | - Amy L. Firth
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Parviz Minoo
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Changgong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Michael F. Beers
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy S. Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Beiyun Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Medicine
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
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31
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Larson-Casey JL, He C, Carter AB. Mitochondrial quality control in pulmonary fibrosis. Redox Biol 2020; 33:101426. [PMID: 31928788 PMCID: PMC7251238 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis remain incompletely understood. Emerging evidence suggests changes in mitochondrial quality control are a critical determinant in many lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, acute lung injury, lung cancer, and in the susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis. Once thought of as the kidney-bean shaped powerhouses of the cell, mitochondria are now known to form interconnected networks that rapidly and continuously change their size to meet cellular metabolic demands. Mitochondrial quality control modulates cell fate and homeostasis, and diminished mitochondrial quality control results in mitochondrial dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduced ATP production, and often induces intrinsic apoptosis. Here, we review the role of the mitochondria in alveolar epithelial cells, lung macrophages, and fibroblasts within the context of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Larson-Casey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
| | - Chao He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
| | - A Brent Carter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States; Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States.
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32
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Horowitz JC, Tschumperlin DJ, Kim KK, Osterholzer JJ, Subbotina N, Ajayi IO, Teitz-Tennenbaum S, Virk A, Dotson M, Liu F, Sicard D, Jia S, Sisson TH. Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Overexpression Reverses Established Lung Fibrosis. Thromb Haemost 2019; 119:1968-1980. [PMID: 31705517 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impaired plasminogen activation (PA) is causally related to the development of lung fibrosis. Prior studies demonstrate that enhanced PA in the lung limits the severity of scarring following injury and in vitro studies indicate that PA promotes matrix degradation and fibroblast apoptosis. These findings led us to hypothesize that increased PA in an in vivo model would enhance the resolution of established lung fibrosis in conjunction with increased myofibroblast apoptosis. METHODS Transgenic C57BL/6 mice with doxycycline inducible lung-specific urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) expression or littermate controls were treated (day 0) with bleomycin or saline. Doxycycline was initiated on days 1, 9, 14, or 21. Lung fibrosis, stiffness, apoptosis, epithelial barrier integrity, and inflammation were assessed. RESULTS Protection from fibrosis with uPA upregulation from day 1 through day 28 was associated with reduced parenchymal stiffness as determined by atomic force microscopy. Initiation of uPA expression beginning in the late inflammatory or the early fibrotic phase reduced stiffness and fibrosis at day 28. Induction of uPA activity in mice with established fibrosis decreased lung collagen and lung stiffness while increasing myofibroblast apoptosis. Upregulation of uPA did not alter lung inflammation but was associated with improved epithelial cell homeostasis. CONCLUSION Restoring intrapulmonary PA activity diminishes lung fibrogenesis and enhances the resolution of established lung fibrosis. This PA-mediated resolution is associated with increased myofibroblast apoptosis and improved epithelial cell homeostasis. These studies support the potential capacity of the lung to resolve existing scar in murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Horowitz
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Kevin K Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - John J Osterholzer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Natalya Subbotina
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Iyabode O Ajayi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Seagal Teitz-Tennenbaum
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Ammara Virk
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Megan Dotson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Delphine Sicard
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Shijing Jia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Thomas H Sisson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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33
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Ikeda N, Asano K, Kikuchi K, Uchida Y, Ikegami H, Takagi R, Yotsumoto S, Shibuya T, Makino-Okamura C, Fukuyama H, Watanabe T, Ohmuraya M, Araki K, Nishitai G, Tanaka M. Emergence of immunoregulatory Ym1 +Ly6C hi monocytes during recovery phase of tissue injury. Sci Immunol 2019; 3:3/28/eaat0207. [PMID: 30291130 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aat0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ly6Chi monocytes migrate to injured sites and induce inflammation in the acute phase of tissue injury. However, once the causes of tissue injury are eliminated, monocyte-derived macrophages contribute to the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. It remains unclear whether the emergence of these immunoregulatory macrophages is attributed to the phenotypic conversion of inflammatory monocytes in situ or to the recruitment of bone marrow-derived regulatory cells de novo. Here, we identified a subpopulation of Ly6Chi monocytes that contribute to the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes greatly expanded in bone marrow during the recovery phase of systemic inflammation or tissue injury. Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes infiltrating into an injured site exhibited immunoregulatory and tissue-reparative phenotypes. Deletion of Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes resulted in delayed recovery from colitis. These results demonstrate that a distinct monocyte subpopulation destined to act in immunoregulation is generated in bone marrow and participates in resolution of inflammation and tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ikeda
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kenichi Asano
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kenta Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Uchida
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ikegami
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Ryo Takagi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yotsumoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Takumi Shibuya
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Chieko Makino-Okamura
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Fukuyama
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohmuraya
- Department of Genetics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Gen Nishitai
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
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Yang M, Song L, Wang L, Yukht A, Ruther H, Li F, Qin M, Ghiasi H, Sharifi BG, Shah PK. Deficiency of GATA3-Positive Macrophages Improves Cardiac Function Following Myocardial Infarction or Pressure Overload Hypertrophy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 72:885-904. [PMID: 30115228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages are highly plastic cells that play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the role of GATA3-positive macrophages in modulating cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI) or in response to pressure overload hypertrophy. METHODS Myeloid-specific GATA3-deficient (mGATA3KO) mice were generated, MI or pressure overload was induced, and cardiac function was determined by echocardiography. GATA3-sufficient Cre mice were used as a control. Immunohistochemical staining, flow cytometry, MILLIPLEX Mouse Cytokine/Chemokine Assay, cultured macrophages, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot were used to determine the role of GATA3 in macrophages. RESULTS GATA3-positive macrophages rapidly accumulated in the infarcted region of the myocardium after acute MI. Deficiency of GATA3-positive macrophages led to a significant improvement of cardiac function in response to acute MI or pressure overload hypertrophy compared with the control mice. This improvement was associated with the presence of a large number of proinflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes/macrophages and fewer reparative Ly6Clo macrophages in the myocardium of mGATA3KO mice compared with control mice. Analysis of serum proteins from the 2 mouse genotypes revealed no major changes in the profile of serum growth factors and cytokines between the 2 mice genotypes before and after MI. GATA3 was found to be specifically and transiently induced by interleukin 4 in cultured macrophages through activity of the proximal promoter, whereas the distal promoter remained silent. In addition, the absence of GATA3 in macrophages markedly attenuated arginase-1 expression in cultured macrophages. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that the presence of GATA3-positive macrophages adversely affects remodeling of the myocardium in response to ischemia or pressure overload, whereas the absence of these macrophages led to a significant improvement in cardiac function. Targeting of signaling pathways that lead to the expression of GATA3 in macrophages may have favorable cardiac outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Yang
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lei Song
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lai Wang
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ada Yukht
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Haley Ruther
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Fuqiang Li
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Minghui Qin
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Homayon Ghiasi
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Behrooz G Sharifi
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Prediman K Shah
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Chung EJ, Reedy JL, Kwon S, Patil S, Valle L, White AO, Citrin DE. 12-Lipoxygenase is a Critical Mediator of Type II Pneumocyte Senescence, Macrophage Polarization and Pulmonary Fibrosis after Irradiation. Radiat Res 2019; 192:367-379. [PMID: 31373871 DOI: 10.1667/rr15356.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a chronic, progressive complication of therapeutic irradiation of the thorax. It has been suggested that senescence of type II pneumocytes (AECIIs), an alveolar stem cell, plays a role in the development of RIPF through loss of replicative reserve and via senescent AECII-driven release of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines. Within this context, we hypothesized that arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) is a critical mediator of AECII senescence and RIPF. Treatment of wild-type AECIIs with 12S-hydroxyeicosateraenoic acid (12S-HETE), a downstream product of 12-LOX, was sufficient to induce senescence in a NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)-dependent manner. Mice deficient in 12-LOX exhibited reduced AECII senescence, pulmonary collagen accumulation and accumulation of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages after thoracic irradiation (5 × 6 Gy) compared to wild-type mice. Conditioned media from irradiated or 12S-HETE-treated primary pneumocytes contained elevated levels of IL-4 and IL-13 compared to untreated pneumocytes. Primary macrophages treated with conditioned media from irradiated AECII demonstrated preferential M2 type polarization when AECIIs were derived from wild-type mice compared to 12-LOX-deficient mice. Together, these data identified 12-LOX as a critical component of RIPF and a therapeutic target for radiation-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Chung
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Jessica L Reedy
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Seokjoo Kwon
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Shilpa Patil
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Luca Valle
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Ayla O White
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Deborah E Citrin
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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36
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Jia S, Agarwal M, Yang J, Horowitz JC, White ES, Kim KK. Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 Signaling Regulates Fibroblast Apoptosis through PDK1/Akt. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 59:295-305. [PMID: 29652518 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0419oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive fibrosis is a complication of many chronic diseases, and collectively, organ fibrosis is the leading cause of death in the United States. Fibrosis is characterized by accumulation of activated fibroblasts and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, especially type I collagen. Extensive research has supported a role for matrix signaling in propagating fibrosis, but type I collagen itself is often considered an end product of fibrosis rather than an important regulator of continued collagen deposition. Type I collagen can activate several cell surface receptors, including α2β1 integrin and discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2). We have previously shown that mice deficient in type I collagen have reduced activation of DDR2 and reduced accumulation of activated myofibroblasts. In the present study, we found that DDR2-null mice are protected from fibrosis. Surprisingly, DDR2-null fibroblasts have a normal and possibly exaggerated activation response to transforming growth factor-β and do not have diminished proliferation compared with wild-type fibroblasts. DDR2-null fibroblasts are significantly more prone to apoptosis, in vitro and in vivo, than wild-type fibroblasts, supporting a paradigm in which fibroblast resistance to apoptosis is critical for progression of fibrosis. We have identified a novel molecular mechanism by which DDR2 can promote the activation of a PDK1 (3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1)/Akt survival pathway, and we have found that inhibition of PDK1 can augment fibroblast apoptosis. Furthermore, our studies demonstrate that DDR2 expression is heavily skewed to mesenchymal cells compared with epithelial cells and that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis cells and tissue demonstrate increased activation of DDR2 and PDK1. Collectively, these findings identify a promising target for fibrosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Jia
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Manisha Agarwal
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Jibing Yang
- 2 Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeffrey C Horowitz
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Eric S White
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Kevin K Kim
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
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Cyclooxygenase-2 Activity Regulates Recruitment of VEGF-Secreting Ly6C high Monocytes in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071771. [PMID: 30974834 PMCID: PMC6479356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is usually required for saving lives in critically ill patients; however, it can cause ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). As VEGF-secreting Ly6Chigh monocytes are involved in VILI pathogenesis, we investigated whether cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity regulates the recruitment of VEGF-secreting Ly6Chigh monocytes during VILI. The clinically relevant two-hit mouse model of VILI, which involves the intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide prior to high tidal volume (HTV)-mechanical ventilation, was used in this study. To investigate the role of COX-2 in the recruitment of VEGF-secreting Ly6Chigh monocytes during VILI, celecoxib, which is a clinical COX-2 inhibitor, was administered 1 h prior to HTV-mechanical ventilation. Pulmonary vascular permeability and leakage, inflammatory leukocyte infiltration, and lung oxygenation levels were measured to assess the severity of VILI. HTV-mechanical ventilation significantly increased the recruitment of COX-2-expressing Ly6Chigh, but not Ly6Clow, monocytes. Celecoxib significantly diminished the recruitment of Ly6Chigh monocytes, attenuated the levels of VEGF and total protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and restored pulmonary oxygenation during VILI. Our findings demonstrate that COX-2 activity is important in the recruitment of VEGF-secreting Ly6Chigh monocytes, which are involved in VILI pathogenesis, and indicate that the suppression of COX-2 activity might be a useful strategy in mitigating VILI.
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Ballester B, Milara J, Cortijo J. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Cancer: Mechanisms and Molecular Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030593. [PMID: 30704051 PMCID: PMC6387034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pulmonary disease with a median survival of 2–4 years after diagnosis. A significant number of IPF patients have risk factors, such as a history of smoking or concomitant emphysema, both of which can predispose the patient to lung cancer (LC) (mostly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)). In fact, IPF itself increases the risk of LC development by 7% to 20%. In this regard, there are multiple common genetic, molecular, and cellular processes that connect lung fibrosis with LC, such as myofibroblast/mesenchymal transition, myofibroblast activation and uncontrolled proliferation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, alterations of growth factors expression, oxidative stress, and large genetic and epigenetic variations that can predispose the patient to develop IPF and LC. The current approved IPF therapies, pirfenidone and nintedanib, are also active in LC. In fact, nintedanib is approved as a second line treatment in NSCLC, and pirfenidone has shown anti-neoplastic effects in preclinical studies. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge on the mechanisms implicated in the development of LC in patients with IPF as well as in current IPF and LC-IPF candidate therapies based on novel molecular advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ballester
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier Milara
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Valencia, Spain.
- Pharmacy Unit, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Valencia, Spain.
- Research and teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain.
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39
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Chen Z, Wu Z, Ning W. Advances in Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:162-169. [PMID: 30342294 PMCID: PMC6197541 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a common complication in patients with lung cancer and breast cancer after receiving thoracic radiotherapy. The average incidence of RIPF is 16%-28% after radiotherapy. RIPF includes a heterogeneous group of lung disorders characterized by progressive and irreversible destruction of lung architecture and disruption of gas exchange. The clinical signs of RIPF include increasing dyspnea, deteriorating lung function, and accumulation of interstitial fluid, eventually leading to respiratory failure. No medical therapy for RIPF has been approved for routine clinical use despite the apparent need for an effective treatment. Numerous signaling pathways are involved in the initiation and progression of RIPF. Also, various approaches for RIPF treatments have focused on several aspects of the current understanding of the molecular pathology of RIPF. This review used the mechanistic categories of associated cell signaling pathways, epithelial cell dysfunction and senescence, abnormal lung remodeling, and aberrant innate and adaptive immunity to review the published literature on RIPF to date and then to identify potential areas for the effective treatment of RIPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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40
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Niewold P, Cohen A, van Vreden C, Getts DR, Grau GE, King NJC. Experimental severe malaria is resolved by targeting newly-identified monocyte subsets using immune-modifying particles combined with artesunate. Commun Biol 2018; 1:227. [PMID: 30564748 PMCID: PMC6292940 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatment of severe malaria and associated cerebral malaria (CM) and respiratory distress syndromes are directed primarily at the parasite. Targeting the parasite has only partial efficacy in advanced infection, as neurological damage and respiratory distress are due to accumulation of host blood cells in the brain microvasculature and lung interstitium. Here, computational analysis identifies Ly6Clo monocytes as a major component of the immune infiltrate in both organs in a preclinical mouse model. Specifically targeting Ly6Clo monocyte precursors, identified by adoptive transfer, with immune-modifying particles (IMP) prevents experimental CM (ECM) in 50% of Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice in early treatment protocols. Furthermore, treatment at onset of clinical ECM with 2 doses of a novel combination of IMP and anti-malarial drug artesunate results in 88% survival. This combination confers protection against ECM and mortality in late stage severe experimental malaria and provides a viable advance on current treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Niewold
- 1Viral Immunopathology, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - Amy Cohen
- 2Vascular Immunology Unit, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - Caryn van Vreden
- 3Sydney Cytometry, The University of Sydney and The Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - Daniel R Getts
- 4Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.,TcR2, Therapeutics, 100 Binney Street, Suite 710, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Georges E Grau
- 2Vascular Immunology Unit, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - Nicholas J C King
- 1Viral Immunopathology, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia.,3Sydney Cytometry, The University of Sydney and The Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
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41
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Lierova A, Jelicova M, Nemcova M, Proksova M, Pejchal J, Zarybnicka L, Sinkorova Z. Cytokines and radiation-induced pulmonary injuries. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2018; 59:709-753. [PMID: 30169853 PMCID: PMC6251431 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rry067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the most common treatment strategies for thorax malignancies. One of the considerable limitations of this therapy is its toxicity to normal tissue. The lung is the major dose-limiting organ for radiotherapy. That is because ionizing radiation produces reactive oxygen species that induce lesions, and not only is tumor tissue damaged, but overwhelming inflammatory lung damage can occur in the alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium. This damage may result in radiation-induced pneumonitis and/or fibrosis. While describing the lung response to irradiation generally, the main focus of this review is on cytokines and their roles and functions within the individual stages. We discuss the relationship between radiation and cytokines and their direct and indirect effects on the formation and development of radiation injuries. Although this topic has been intensively studied and discussed for years, we still do not completely understand the roles of cytokines. Experimental data on cytokine involvement are fragmented across a large number of experimental studies; hence, the need for this review of the current knowledge. Cytokines are considered not only as molecular factors involved in the signaling network in pathological processes, but also for their diagnostic potential. A concentrated effort has been made to identify the significant immune system proteins showing positive correlation between serum levels and tissue damages. Elucidating the correlations between the extent and nature of radiation-induced pulmonary injuries and the levels of one or more key cytokines that initiate and control those damages may improve the efficacy of radiotherapy in cancer treatment and ultimately the well-being of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lierova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Jelicova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Nemcova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Proksova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Zarybnicka
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Sinkorova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author. Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Tel.: +420 973 253 219.
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42
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Beach TA, Groves AM, Williams JP, Finkelstein JN. Modeling radiation-induced lung injury: lessons learned from whole thorax irradiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 96:129-144. [PMID: 30359147 PMCID: PMC6483900 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1532619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Models of thoracic irradiation have been developed as clinicians and scientists have attempted to decipher the events that led up to the pulmonary toxicity seen in human subjects following radiation treatment. The most common model is that of whole thorax irradiation (WTI), applied in a single dose. Mice, particularly the C57BL/6J strain, has been frequently used in these investigations, and has greatly informed our current understanding of the initiation and progression of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). In this review, we highlight the sequential progression and dynamic nature of RILI, focusing primarily on the vast array of information that has been gleaned from the murine model. Ample evidence indicates a wide array of biological responses that can be seen following irradiation, including DNA damage, oxidative stress, cellular senescence and inflammation, all triggered by the initial exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) and heterogeneously maintained throughout the temporal progression of injury, which manifests as acute pneumonitis and later fibrosis. It appears that the early responses of specific cell types may promote further injury, disrupting the microenvironment and preventing a return to homeostasis, although the exact mechanisms driving these responses remains somewhat unclear. Attempts to either prevent or treat RILI in preclinical models have shown some success by targeting these disparate radiobiological processes. As our understanding of the dynamic cellular responses to radiation improves through the use of such models, so does the likelihood of preventing or treating RILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler A Beach
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Angela M Groves
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline P Williams
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jacob N Finkelstein
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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43
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Lang M, Yu J, Wang X, Song Z, Li L, Qiu L, Zhang H. Immunochemotherapeutic increase of peripheral absolute monocyte count predicts interstitial pneumonia in lymphoma patients. Hematol Oncol 2018; 36:779-785. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Lang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Sino‐US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia, Department of LymphomaTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Jingwei Yu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Sino‐US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia, Department of LymphomaTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Xianhuo Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Sino‐US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia, Department of LymphomaTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Zheng Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Sino‐US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia, Department of LymphomaTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Lanfang Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Sino‐US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia, Department of LymphomaTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Sino‐US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia, Department of LymphomaTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Huilai Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Sino‐US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia, Department of LymphomaTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin China
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44
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Zhang L, Wang Y, Wu G, Xiong W, Gu W, Wang CY. Macrophages: friend or foe in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? Respir Res 2018; 19:170. [PMID: 30189872 PMCID: PMC6127991 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a prototype of lethal, chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. Over the past decade, macrophage has been recognized to play a significant role in IPF pathogenesis. Depending on the local microenvironments, macrophages can be polarized to either classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2) phenotypes. In general, M1 macrophages are responsible for wound healing after alveolar epithelial injury, while M2 macrophages are designated to resolve wound healing processes or terminate inflammatory responses in the lung. IPF is a pathological consequence resulted from altered wound healing in response to persistent lung injury. In this review, we intend to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the process of macrophage polarization and its mediators in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Our goal is to update the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of IPF, and by which, we expect to provide help for developing effective therapeutic strategies in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guorao Wu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weining Xiong
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weikuan Gu
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery-Campbell Clinic, and Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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45
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Sisson TH, Christensen PJ, Muraki Y, Dils AJ, Chibucos L, Subbotina N, Tohyama K, Horowitz JC, Matsuo T, Bailie M, Nikam S, Hazama M. Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition reduces lung fibrosis following targeted type II alveolar epithelial cell injury. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13753. [PMID: 29952109 PMCID: PMC6021279 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis of the lung constitutes a major clinical challenge and novel therapies are required to alleviate the associated morbidity and mortality. Investigating the antifibrotic efficacy of drugs that are already in clinical practice offers an efficient strategy to identify new therapies. The phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, approved for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, harbor therapeutic potential for pulmonary fibrosis by augmenting the activity of endogenous antifibrotic mediators that signal through cyclic AMP. In this study, we tested the efficacy of several PDE4 inhibitors including a novel compound (Compound 1) in a murine model of lung fibrosis that results from a targeted type II alveolar epithelial cell injury. We also compared the antifibrotic activity of PDE4 inhibition to the two therapies that are FDA-approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (pirfenidone and nintedanib). We found that both preventative (day 0-21) and therapeutic (day 11-21) dosing regimens of the PDE4 inhibitors significantly ameliorated the weight loss and lung collagen accumulation that are the sequelae of targeted epithelial cell damage. In a therapeutic protocol, the reduction in lung fibrosis with PDE4 inhibitor administration was equivalent to pirfenidone and nintedanib. Treatment with this class of drugs also resulted in a decrease in plasma surfactant protein D concentration, a reduction in the plasma levels of several chemokines implicated in lung fibrosis, and an in vitro inhibition of fibroblast profibrotic gene expression. These results motivate further investigation of PDE4 inhibition as a treatment for patients with fibrotic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H. Sisson
- Pulmonary and Critical Care DivisionDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Paul J. Christensen
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineWilliam Beaumont Medical CenterTroyMichigan
| | - Yo Muraki
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| | - Anthony J. Dils
- Pulmonary and Critical Care DivisionDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Lauren Chibucos
- Pulmonary and Critical Care DivisionDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Natalya Subbotina
- Pulmonary and Critical Care DivisionDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborMichigan
| | | | - Jeffrey C. Horowitz
- Pulmonary and Critical Care DivisionDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborMichigan
| | | | - Marc Bailie
- In Vivo FacilityDepartment of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan
| | - Sham Nikam
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
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46
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Abstract
Activation of TGF-β1 initiates a program of temporary collagen accumulation important to wound repair in many organs. However, the outcome of temporary extracellular matrix strengthening all too frequently morphs into progressive fibrosis, contributing to morbidity and mortality worldwide. To avoid this maladaptive outcome, TGF-β1 signaling is regulated at numerous levels and intimately connected to feedback signals that limit accumulation. Here, we examine the current understanding of the core functions of TGF-β1 in promoting collagen accumulation, parallel pathways that promote physiological repair, and pathological triggers that tip the balance toward progressive fibrosis. Implicit in better understanding of these processes is the identification of therapeutic opportunities that will need to be further advanced to limit or reverse organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin K Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Dean Sheppard
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Harold A Chapman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
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47
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Marchioni A, Tonelli R, Ball L, Fantini R, Castaniere I, Cerri S, Luppi F, Malerba M, Pelosi P, Clini E. Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: lessons learned from acute respiratory distress syndrome? CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2018; 22:80. [PMID: 29566734 PMCID: PMC5865285 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-018-2002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrotic lung disease characterized by progressive loss of lung function and poor prognosis. The so-called acute exacerbation of IPF (AE-IPF) may lead to severe hypoxemia requiring mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). AE-IPF shares several pathophysiological features with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a very severe condition commonly treated in this setting.A review of the literature has been conducted to underline similarities and differences in the management of patients with AE-IPF and ARDS.During AE-IPF, diffuse alveolar damage and massive loss of aeration occurs, similar to what is observed in patients with ARDS. Differently from ARDS, no studies have yet concluded on the optimal ventilatory strategy and management in AE-IPF patients admitted to the ICU. Notwithstanding, a protective ventilation strategy with low tidal volume and low driving pressure could be recommended similarly to ARDS. The beneficial effect of high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure and prone positioning has still to be elucidated in AE-IPF patients, as well as the precise role of other types of respiratory assistance (e.g., extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) or innovative therapies (e.g., polymyxin-B direct hemoperfusion). The use of systemic drugs such as steroids or immunosuppressive agents in AE-IPF is controversial and potentially associated with an increased risk of serious adverse reactions.Common pathophysiological abnormalities and similar clinical needs suggest translating to AE-IPF the lessons learned from the management of ARDS patients. Studies focused on specific therapeutic strategies during AE-IPF are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marchioni
- University Hospital of Modena, Pneumology Unit and Center for Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Tonelli
- University Hospital of Modena, Pneumology Unit and Center for Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ball
- San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Fantini
- University Hospital of Modena, Pneumology Unit and Center for Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ivana Castaniere
- University Hospital of Modena, Pneumology Unit and Center for Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Cerri
- University Hospital of Modena, Pneumology Unit and Center for Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Luppi
- University Hospital of Modena, Pneumology Unit and Center for Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mario Malerba
- San Andrea Hospital-ASL Vercelli, Pneumology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Enrico Clini
- University Hospital of Modena, Pneumology Unit and Center for Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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48
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Zhou X, Moore BB. Location or origin? What is critical for macrophage propagation of lung fibrosis? Eur Respir J 2018; 51:51/3/1800103. [PMID: 29496789 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00103-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhou
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bethany B Moore
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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McCubbrey AL, Barthel L, Mohning MP, Redente EF, Mould KJ, Thomas SM, Leach SM, Danhorn T, Gibbings SL, Jakubzick CV, Henson PM, Janssen WJ. Deletion of c-FLIP from CD11b hi Macrophages Prevents Development of Bleomycin-induced Lung Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:66-78. [PMID: 28850249 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0154oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease with complex pathophysiology and fatal prognosis. Macrophages (MΦ) contribute to the development of lung fibrosis; however, the underlying mechanisms and specific MΦ subsets involved remain unclear. During lung injury, two subsets of lung MΦ coexist: Siglec-Fhi resident alveolar MΦ and a mixed population of CD11bhi MΦ that primarily mature from immigrating monocytes. Using a novel inducible transgenic system driven by a fragment of the human CD68 promoter, we targeted deletion of the antiapoptotic protein cellular FADD-like IL-1β-converting enzyme-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) to CD11bhi MΦ. Upon loss of c-FLIP, CD11bhi MΦ became susceptible to cell death. Using this system, we were able to show that eliminating CD11bhi MΦ present 7-14 days after bleomycin injury was sufficient to protect mice from fibrosis. RNA-seq analysis of lung MΦ present during this time showed that CD11bhi MΦ, but not Siglec-Fhi MΦ, expressed high levels of profibrotic chemokines and growth factors. Human MΦ from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis expressed many of the same profibrotic chemokines identified in murine CD11bhi MΦ. Elimination of monocyte-derived MΦ may help in the treatment of fibrosis. We identify c-FLIP and the associated extrinsic cell death program as a potential pathway through which these profibrotic MΦ may be pharmacologically targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L McCubbrey
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Lea Barthel
- 2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Michael P Mohning
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Elizabeth F Redente
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,3 Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,4 Department of Research, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, Colorado
| | - Kara J Mould
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Stacey M Thomas
- 2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Sonia M Leach
- 5 Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, and.,6 Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and
| | - Thomas Danhorn
- 5 Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, and.,6 Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and
| | - Sophie L Gibbings
- 3 Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Claudia V Jakubzick
- 3 Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,7 Integrated Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado Denver Anshutz Campus, Denver, Colorado
| | - Peter M Henson
- 3 Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - William J Janssen
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
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McQuattie-Pimentel AC, Budinger GRS, Ballinger MN. Monocyte-derived Alveolar Macrophages: The Dark Side of Lung Repair? Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:5-6. [PMID: 29286855 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0328ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - G R Scott Budinger
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Northwestern University Chicago, Illinois and
| | - Megan N Ballinger
- 2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
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