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Hadjiyannis Y, Thomson AW. Regulatory dendritic cell therapy in organ transplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2024; 29:121-130. [PMID: 37991065 PMCID: PMC10932828 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000001127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Regulatory dendritic cells (DCregs; also 'tolerogenic DCs'), innate immune cells that regulate the alloimmune response, are a novel cellular therapy for organ transplantation. Preliminary results from early-phase clinical trials in live donor kidney and liver transplantation are promising. This follows many years of research elucidating mechanisms of action and utility of DCregs. Herein, we review early-phase clinical trial observations and recent advances in the production, modification, and future-trajectory of DCreg in organ transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS Preclinical work has demonstrated the ability of adoptively transferred DCreg to abrogate ischemia-reperfusion injury and promote long-term allograft survival. Good Manufacturing Practice-grade DCregs have been generated in adequate numbers for early-phase trials of autologous DCregs in kidney transplantation and donor-derived DCreg in liver transplantation. These trials have demonstrated feasibility and safety, with preliminary evidence of an influence on host immune reactivity. In both kidney and liver transplantation, reduced effector CD8 + T-cells have been noted, together with other changes that may be conducive to reduced dependence on immunosuppressive therapy. SUMMARY Substantial progress has been made in bringing DCreg to clinical testing in organ transplantation. Additional clinical and mechanistic studies are now needed to further explore and garner the full potential of DCreg in organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannis Hadjiyannis
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Angus W. Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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2
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Lv D, Jiang H, Yang X, Li Y, Niu W, Zhang D. Advances in understanding of dendritic cell in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1294807. [PMID: 38433836 PMCID: PMC10904453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1294807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid decline in renal function and is associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate. At present, the underlying mechanisms of AKI remain incompletely understood. Immune disorder is a prominent feature of AKI, and dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in orchestrating both innate and adaptive immune responses, including the induction of protective proinflammatory and tolerogenic immune reactions. Emerging evidence suggests that DCs play a critical role in the initiation and development of AKI. This paper aimed to conduct a comprehensive review and analysis of the role of DCs in the progression of AKI and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. The ultimate objective was to offer valuable insights and guidance for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Lv
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huihui Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xianzhen Yang
- Department of Urology, Afliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Urinary Organ and Functional Reconstruction of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Weipin Niu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Denglu Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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3
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Li N, Han L, Wang X, Qiao O, Zhang L, Gong Y. Biotherapy of experimental acute kidney injury: emerging novel therapeutic strategies. Transl Res 2023; 261:69-85. [PMID: 37329950 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex and heterogeneous disease with high incidence and mortality, posing a serious threat to human life and health. Usually, in clinical practice, AKI is caused by crush injury, nephrotoxin exposure, ischemia-reperfusion injury, or sepsis. Therefore, most AKI models for pharmacological experimentation are based on this. The current research promises to develop new biological therapies, including antibody therapy, non-antibody protein therapy, cell therapy, and RNA therapy, that could help mitigate the development of AKI. These approaches can promote renal repair and improve systemic hemodynamics after renal injury by reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory response, organelles damage, and cell death, or activating cytoprotective mechanisms. However, no candidate drugs for AKI prevention or treatment have been successfully translated from bench to bedside. This article summarizes the latest progress in AKI biotherapy, focusing on potential clinical targets and novel treatment strategies that merit further investigation in future pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Han
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ou Qiao
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhua Gong
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China.
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4
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Nusshag C, Wei C, Hahm E, Hayek SS, Li J, Samelko B, Rupp C, Szudarek R, Speer C, Kälble F, Schaier M, Uhle F, Schmitt FC, Fiedler MO, Krautkrämer E, Cao Y, Rodriguez R, Merle U, Eugen-Olsen J, Zeier M, Weigand MA, Morath C, Brenner T, Reiser J. suPAR links a dysregulated immune response to tissue inflammation and sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. JCI Insight 2023; 8:165740. [PMID: 37036003 PMCID: PMC10132159 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.165740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to sepsis results in poor outcomes and conventional kidney function indicators lack diagnostic value. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an innate immune-derived molecule implicated in inflammatory organ damage. We characterized the diagnostic ability of longitudinal serum suPAR levels to discriminate severity and course of sepsis-induced AKI (SI-AKI) in 200 critically ill patients meeting Sepsis-3 criteria. The pathophysiologic relevance of varying suPAR levels in SI-AKI was explored in a polymicrobial sepsis model in WT, (s)uPAR-knockout, and transgenic suPAR-overexpressing mice. At all time points studied, suPAR provided a robust classification of SI-AKI disease severity, with improved prediction of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and mortality compared with established kidney biomarkers. Patients with suPAR levels of greater than 12.7 ng/mL were at highest risk for RRT or death, with an adjusted odds ratio of 7.48 (95% CI, 3.00-18.63). suPAR deficiency protected mice against SI-AKI. suPAR-overexpressing mice exhibited greater kidney damage and poorer survival through inflamed kidneys, accompanied by local upregulation of potent chemoattractants and pronounced kidney T cell infiltration. Hence, suPAR allows for an innate immune-derived and kidney function-independent staging of SI-AKI and offers improved longitudinal risk stratification. suPAR promotes T cell-based kidney inflammation, while suPAR deficiency improves SI-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nusshag
- Department of Internal Medicine, RUSH University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Changli Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, RUSH University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Eunsil Hahm
- Department of Internal Medicine, RUSH University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Salim S Hayek
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, RUSH University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Beata Samelko
- Department of Internal Medicine, RUSH University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Claudius Speer
- Department of Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Kälble
- Department of Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schaier
- Department of Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yanxia Cao
- Department of Internal Medicine, RUSH University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ricardo Rodriguez
- Department of Internal Medicine, RUSH University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Uta Merle
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jesper Eugen-Olsen
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Morath
- Department of Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Brenner
- Department of Anesthesiology, and
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Internal Medicine, RUSH University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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5
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Yahiya YI, Hadi NR, Abu Raghif A, AL Habooby NGS. Protective effect of IAXO-102 on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Med Life 2023; 16:623-630. [PMID: 37305825 PMCID: PMC10251395 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common cause of kidney damage, characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effects of IAXO-102, a chemical compound, on experimentally induced IRI in male rats. The bilateral renal IRI model was used, with 24 adult male rats randomly divided into four groups (N=6): sham group (laparotomy without IRI induction), control group (laparotomy plus bilateral IRI for 30 minutes followed by 2 hours of reperfusion), vehicle group (same as control but pre-injected with the vehicle), and treatment group (similar to control but pre-injected with IAXO-102). We measured several biomarkers involved in IRI pathophysiology using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), including High mobility group box1 (HMGB1), nuclear factor kappa b-p65 (NF-κB p65), interleukin beta-1 (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), 8-isoprostane, Bcl-2 associated X protein (BAX), heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), and Bcl-2. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Our results showed that IAXO-102 significantly improved kidney function, reduced histological alterations, and decreased the inflammatory response (IL-1, IL-6, and TNF) caused by IRI. IAXO-102 also decreased apoptosis by reducing pro-apoptotic Bax and increasing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 without impacting HSP27. In conclusion, our findings suggest that IAXO-102 had a significant protective effect against IRI damage in the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahiya Ibrahim Yahiya
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alkafeel, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Najah Rayish Hadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Abu Raghif
- Deptartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Inoue T, Nakamura Y, Tanaka S, Kohro T, Li LX, Huang L, Yao J, Kawamura S, Inoue R, Nishi H, Fukaya D, Uni R, Hasegawa S, Inagi R, Umene R, Wu CH, Ye H, Bajwa A, Rosin DL, Ishihara K, Nangaku M, Wada Y, Okusa MD. Bone marrow stromal cell antigen-1 (CD157) regulated by sphingosine kinase 2 mediates kidney fibrosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:993698. [PMID: 36267620 PMCID: PMC9576863 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.993698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disease that may lead to end-stage renal disease. Interstitial fibrosis develops as the disease progresses. Therapies that focus on fibrosis to delay or reverse progressive renal failure are limited. We and others showed that sphingosine kinase 2-deficient mice (Sphk2 -/-) develop less fibrosis in mouse models of kidney fibrosis. Sphingosine kinase2 (SphK2), one of two sphingosine kinases that produce sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), is primarily located in the nucleus. S1P produced by SphK2 inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) and changes histone acetylation status, which can lead to altered target gene expression. We hypothesized that Sphk2 epigenetically regulates downstream genes to induce fibrosis, and we performed a comprehensive analysis using the combination of RNA-seq and ChIP-seq. Bst1/CD157 was identified as a gene that is regulated by SphK2 through a change in histone acetylation level, and Bst1 -/- mice were found to develop less renal fibrosis after unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury, a mouse model of kidney fibrosis. Although Bst1 is a cell-surface molecule that has a wide variety of functions through its varied enzymatic activities and downstream intracellular signaling pathways, no studies on the role of Bst1 in kidney diseases have been reported previously. In the current study, we demonstrated that Bst1 is a gene that is regulated by SphK2 through epigenetic change and is critical in kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States,Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuna Nakamura
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Takahide Kohro
- Department of Clinical Informatics/Cardiology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Lisa X. Li
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Liping Huang
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Junlan Yao
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Suzuka Kawamura
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Reiko Inoue
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishi
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daichi Fukaya
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Uni
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Hasegawa
- Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Umene
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hong Ye
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Diane L. Rosin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Katsuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mark D. Okusa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States,*Correspondence: Mark D. Okusa,
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7
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Lee K, Jang HR. Role of T cells in ischemic acute kidney injury and repair. Korean J Intern Med 2022; 37:534-550. [PMID: 35508946 PMCID: PMC9082442 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2021.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common medical problem with significant mortality and morbidity, affecting a large number of patients globally. Ischemic AKI is associated with intrarenal inflammation as well as systemic inflammation; thus, the innate and adaptive immune systems are implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic AKI. Among various intrarenal immune cells, T cells play major roles in the injury process and in the repair mechanism affecting AKI to chronic kidney disease transition. Importantly, T cells also participate in distant organ crosstalk during AKI, which affects the overall outcomes. Therefore, targeting T cell-mediated pathways and T cell-based therapies have therapeutic promise for ischemic AKI. Here, we review the major populations of kidney T cells and their roles in ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungho Lee
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ryoun Jang
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Fan X, Chen H, Xu C, Wang Y, Yin P, Li M, Tang Z, Jiang F, Wei W, Song J, Li G, Zhong D. Inhibiting Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Subtype 3 Attenuates Brain Damage During Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating nNOS/NO and Oxidative Stress. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:838621. [PMID: 35242008 PMCID: PMC8886115 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.838621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic stroke (IS) is a common disease endangering human life and health. Cerebral ischemia triggers a series of complex harmful events, including excitotoxicity, inflammation and cell death, as well as increased nitric oxide production through the activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Oxidative stress plays a major role in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtype 3 (S1PR3), a member of S1P’s G protein-coupled receptors S1PR1-S1PR5, is involved in a variety of biological effects in the body, and its role in regulating oxidative stress during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion is still unclear. Methods Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mice were selected as the brain ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury model. Male C57/BL6 mice were treated with or without a selective S1PR3 inhibition after tMCAO, and changes in infarct volume, Nissl staining, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and NOS protein, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content after tMCAO were observed. Results In the cerebral ischemia–reperfusion model, inhibition of S1PR3 improved the infarct volume and neuronal damage in mice after tMCAO. Similarly, inhibition of S1PR3 can reduce the expression of NO synthase subtype neuronal NOS (nNOS) and reduce the production of NO after cerebral ischemia. After cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, the oxidative stress response was enhanced, and after the administration of the S1PR3 inhibitor, the SOD content increased and the MDA content decreased, indicating that S1PR3 plays an important role in regulating oxidative stress response. Conclusion Inhibiting S1PR3 attenuates brain damage during I/R injury by regulating nNOS/NO and oxidative stress, which provides a potential new therapeutic target and mechanism for the clinical treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingju Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Pengqi Yin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhanbin Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fangchao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wan Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jihe Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Di Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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9
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Sears SM, Dupre TV, Shah PP, Davis DL, Doll MA, Sharp CN, Vega AA, Megyesi J, Beverly LJ, Snider AJ, Obeid LM, Hannun YA, Siskind LJ. Neutral ceramidase deficiency protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100179. [PMID: 35151662 PMCID: PMC8953688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic for the treatment of many solid organ cancers; however, its effectiveness is limited by the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in 30% of patients. AKI is driven by proximal tubule cell death, leading to rapid decline in renal function. It has previously been shown that sphingolipid metabolism plays a role in regulating many of the biological processes involved in cisplatin-induced AKI. For example, neutral ceramidase (nCDase) is an enzyme responsible for converting ceramide into sphingosine, which is then phosphorylated to become sphingosine-1-phosphate, and our lab previously demonstrated that nCDase knockout (nCDase-/-) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts led to resistance to nutrient and energy deprivation-induced cell death via upregulation of autophagic flux. In this study, we further characterized the role of nCDase in AKI by demonstrating that nCDase-/- mice are resistant to cisplatin-induced AKI. nCDase-/- mice display improved kidney function, reduced injury and structural damage, lower rates of apoptosis, and less ER stress compared to wild-type mice following cisplatin treatment. Although the mechanism of protection is still unknown, we propose that it could be mediated by increased autophagy, as chloroquine treatment resensitized nCDase-/- mice to AKI development. Taken together, we conclude that nCDase may represent a novel target to prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia M Sears
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Tess V Dupre
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Parag P Shah
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Deanna L Davis
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Mark A Doll
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Cierra N Sharp
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Alexis A Vega
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Judit Megyesi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas, Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Levi J Beverly
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Ashley J Snider
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Northport Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Northport Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA
| | - Leah J Siskind
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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10
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Olesch C, Brüne B, Weigert A. Keep a Little Fire Burning-The Delicate Balance of Targeting Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Cancer Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031289. [PMID: 35163211 PMCID: PMC8836181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) promotes tumor development through a variety of mechanisms including promoting proliferation, survival, and migration of cancer cells. Moreover, S1P emerged as an important regulator of tumor microenvironmental cell function by modulating, among other mechanisms, tumor angiogenesis. Therefore, S1P was proposed as a target for anti-tumor therapy. The clinical success of current cancer immunotherapy suggests that future anti-tumor therapy needs to consider its impact on the tumor-associated immune system. Hereby, S1P may have divergent effects. On the one hand, S1P gradients control leukocyte trafficking throughout the body, which is clinically exploited to suppress auto-immune reactions. On the other hand, S1P promotes pro-tumor activation of a diverse range of immune cells. In this review, we summarize the current literature describing the role of S1P in tumor-associated immunity, and we discuss strategies for how to target S1P for anti-tumor therapy without causing immune paralysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Olesch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (C.O.); (B.B.)
- Bayer Joint Immunotherapeutics Laboratory, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (C.O.); (B.B.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (C.O.); (B.B.)
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- Correspondence:
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11
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Ruan F, Wu L, Yin H, Fang L, Tang C, Huang S, Fang L, Zuo Z, He C, Huang J. Long-term exposure to environmental level of phenanthrene causes adaptive immune response and fibrosis in mouse kidneys. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117028. [PMID: 33892371 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As ubiquitous, persistent organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have adverse impacts on human health. Phenanthrene (Phe) is one of the most abundant PAHs in the environment. However, the long-term effects of exposure to environmental level of Phe on the kidneys and the potential mechanisms are unclear. T helper (Th) cells, a subtype of CD4+ T cells that play a central role in the renal immune microenvironment. In this study, male mice were chronically exposed to 5, 50, and 500 ng/kg bw Phe every other day for total 210 days. Those results indicated that environmental Phe exposure caused kidney hypertrophy, injury and fibrosis in the mice. Chronic, long-term environmental level of Phe exposure did not significantly alter the innate immune response but induced adaptive immune response changes (Th1/Th2 related cytokines release), causing a type 1 immune response in the 5 ng/kg bw Phe group and a type 2 immune response in the high dose groups (50 and 500 ng/kg bw). This study provides novel insights into the roles of adaptive immune response in long-term PAH exposure-induced chronic kidney injury and fibrosis, which is beneficial for further understanding the potential health hazards of PAHs and providing new avenues for immune intervention strategies to alleviate PAHs toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengkai Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Lifang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 S. Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hanying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Chen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Siyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Longxiang Fang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Chengyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Jiyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
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12
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Poll BG, Chen L, Chou CL, Raghuram V, Knepper MA. Landscape of GPCR expression along the mouse nephron. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F50-F68. [PMID: 34029142 PMCID: PMC8321805 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00077.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney transport and other renal functions are regulated by multiple G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) expressed along the renal tubule. The rapid, recent appearance of comprehensive unbiased gene expression data in the various renal tubule segments, chiefly RNA sequencing and protein mass spectrometry data, has provided a means of identifying patterns of GPCR expression along the renal tubule. To allow for comprehensive mapping, we first curated a comprehensive list of GPCRs in the genomes of mice, rats, and humans (https://hpcwebapps.cit.nih.gov/ESBL/Database/GPCRs/) using multiple online data sources. We used this list to mine segment-specific and cell type-specific expression data from RNA-sequencing studies in microdissected mouse tubule segments to identify GPCRs that are selectively expressed in discrete tubule segments. Comparisons of these mapped mouse GPCRs with other omics datasets as well as functional data from isolated perfused tubule and micropuncture studies confirmed patterns of expression for well-known receptors and identified poorly studied GPCRs that are likely to play roles in the regulation of renal tubule function. Thus, we provide data resources for GPCR expression across the renal tubule, highlighting both well-known GPCRs and understudied receptors to provide guidance for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian G Poll
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lihe Chen
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chung-Lin Chou
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Viswanathan Raghuram
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark A Knepper
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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13
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Novel Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation. TRANSPLANTOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/transplantology2020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the most important mechanisms involved in delayed or reduced graft function after kidney transplantation. It is a complex pathophysiological process, followed by a pro-inflammatory response that enhances the immunogenicity of the graft and the risk of acute rejection. Many biologic processes are involved in its development, such as transcriptional reprogramming, the activation of apoptosis and cell death, endothelial dysfunction and the activation of the innate and adaptive immune response. Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of complement activation in IRI cascade, which expresses a pleiotropic action on tubular cells, on vascular cells (pericytes and endothelial cells) and on immune system cells. The effects of IRI in the long term lead to interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, which contribute to chronic graft dysfunction and subsequently graft failure. Furthermore, several metabolic alterations occur upon IRI. Metabolomic analyses of IRI detected a “metabolic profile” of this process, in order to identify novel biomarkers that may potentially be useful for both early diagnosis and monitoring the therapeutic response. The aim of this review is to update the most relevant molecular mechanisms underlying IRI, and also to discuss potential therapeutic targets in future clinical practice.
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Nash WT, Okusa MD. Chess Not Checkers: Complexities Within the Myeloid Response to the Acute Kidney Injury Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:676688. [PMID: 34124107 PMCID: PMC8187556 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.676688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune dysregulation in acute kidney injury (AKI) is an area of intense interest which promises to enhance our understanding of the disease and how to manage it. Macrophages are a heterogeneous and dynamic population of immune cells that carry out multiple functions in tissue, ranging from maintenance to inflammation. As key sentinels of their environment and the major immune population in the uninjured kidney, macrophages are poised to play an important role in the establishment and pathogenesis of AKI. These cells have a profound capacity to orchestrate downstream immune responses and likely participate in skewing the kidney environment toward either pathogenic inflammation or injury resolution. A clear understanding of macrophage and myeloid cell dynamics in the development of AKI will provide valuable insight into disease pathogenesis and options for intervention. This review considers evidence in the literature that speaks to the role and regulation of macrophages and myeloid cells in AKI. We also highlight barriers or knowledge gaps that need to be addressed as the field advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Nash
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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15
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Rapamycin Alternatively Modifies Mitochondrial Dynamics in Dendritic Cells to Reduce Kidney Ischemic Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105386. [PMID: 34065421 PMCID: PMC8160749 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are unique immune cells that can link innate and adaptive immune responses and Immunometabolism greatly impacts their phenotype. Rapamycin is a macrolide compound that has immunosuppressant functions and is used to prevent graft loss in kidney transplantation. The current study evaluated the therapeutic potential of ex-vivo rapamycin treated DCs to protect kidneys in a mouse model of acute kidney injury (AKI). For the rapamycin single (S) treatment (Rapa-S-DC), Veh-DCs were treated with rapamycin (10 ng/mL) for 1 h before LPS. In contrast, rapamycin multiple (M) treatment (Rapa-M-DC) were exposed to 3 treatments over 7 days. Only multiple ex-vivo rapamycin treatments of DCs induced a persistent reprogramming of mitochondrial metabolism. These DCs had 18-fold more mitochondria, had almost 4-fold higher oxygen consumption rates, and produced more ATP compared to Veh-DCs (Veh treated control DCs). Pathway analysis showed IL10 signaling as a major contributing pathway to the altered immunophenotype after Rapamycin treatment compared to vehicle with significantly lower cytokines Tnfa, Il1b, and Il6, while regulators of mitochondrial content Pgc1a, Tfam, and Ho1 remained elevated. Critically, adoptive transfer of rapamycin-treated DCs to WT recipients 24 h before bilateral kidney ischemia significantly protected the kidneys from injury with a significant 3-fold improvement in kidney function. Last, the infusion of DCs containing higher mitochondria numbers (treated ex-vivo with healthy isolated mitochondria (10 µg/mL) one day before) also partially protected the kidneys from IRI. These studies demonstrate that pre-emptive infusion of ex-vivo reprogrammed DCs that have higher mitochondria content has therapeutic capacity to induce an anti-inflammatory regulatory phenotype to protect kidneys from injury.
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16
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Li Q, Li Y, Lei C, Tan Y, Yi G. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 signaling. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 519:32-39. [PMID: 33811927 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid which regulates a series of physiological and pathological processes via binding to five S1P receptors (S1PR1-5). Although S1PR1-3 are widely expressed, the study of S1PRs, however, mainly addressed S1PR1 and S1PR2, and few studies focus on S1PR3-5. In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that S1PR3 plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration, but its function is still controversial. This is the first comprehensive review paper about the role of S1PR3 signaling in cardiovascular function, tissue fibrosis, cancer, immune response, and neurological function. In addition, existing S1PR3 agonists and antagonists are listed at the end of the article, and we also put forward our opinion on the dispute of S1PR3 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Cai Lei
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Guanghui Yi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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The Endothelial Glycocalyx as a Target of Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation-Where Have We Gone So Far? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042157. [PMID: 33671524 PMCID: PMC7926299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The damage of the endothelial glycocalyx as a consequence of ischemia and/or reperfusion injury (IRI) following kidney transplantation has come at the spotlight of research due to potential associations with delayed graft function, acute rejection as well as long-term allograft dysfunction. The disintegration of the endothelial glycocalyx induced by IRI is the crucial event which exposes the denuded endothelial cells to further inflammatory and oxidative damage. The aim of our review is to present the currently available data regarding complex links between shedding of the glycocalyx components, like syndecan-1, hyaluronan, heparan sulphate, and CD44 with the activation of intricate immune system responses, including toll-like receptors, cytokines and pro-inflammatory transcription factors. Evidence on modes of protection of the endothelial glycocalyx and subsequently maintenance of endothelial permeability as well as novel nephroprotective molecules such as sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P), are also depicted. Although advances in technology are making the visualization and the analysis of the endothelial glycocalyx possible, currently available evidence is mostly experimental. Ongoing progress in understanding the complex impact of IRI on the endothelial glycocalyx, opens up a new era of research in the field of organ transplantation and clinical studies are of utmost importance for the future.
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18
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Ziegler AC, Müller T, Gräler MH. Sphingosine 1-phosphate in sepsis and beyond: Its role in disease tolerance and host defense and the impact of carrier molecules. Cell Signal 2020; 78:109849. [PMID: 33249088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an important immune modulator responsible for physiological cellular responses like lymphocyte development and function, positioning and emigration of T and B cells and cytokine secretion. Recent reports indicate that S1P does not only regulate immunity, but can also protect the function of organs by inducing disease tolerance. S1P also influences the replication of certain pathogens, and sphingolipids are also involved in pathogen recognition and killing. Certain carrier molecules for S1P like serum albumin and high density lipoproteins contribute to the regulation of S1P effects. They are able to associate with S1P and modulate its signaling properties. Similar to S1P, both carrier molecules are also decreased in sepsis patients and likely contribute to sepsis pathology and severity. In this review, we will introduce the concept of disease tolerance and the involvement of S1P. We will also discuss the contribution of S1P and its precursor sphingosine to host defense mechanisms against pathogens. Finally, we will summarize current data demonstrating the influence of carrier molecules for differential S1P signaling. The presented data may lead to new strategies for the prevention and containment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke C Ziegler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany; Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Tina Müller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany; Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Markus H Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany; Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany; Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany.
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19
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Gong L, Pan Q, Yang N. Autophagy and Inflammation Regulation in Acute Kidney Injury. Front Physiol 2020; 11:576463. [PMID: 33101057 PMCID: PMC7546328 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.576463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy at an appropriate juncture in the cell cycle exerts protective effects in acute kidney injury (AKI), whereas abnormal autophagy may lead to cell death. Inflammatory response plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiological process of kidney injury and repair during AKI. Several studies have reported an interaction between autophagy and inflammation in the pathogenesis of AKI. This review outlines recent advances in the investigation of the role of autophagy in inflammatory response regulation based on the following aspects. (1) Autophagy inhibits inflammatory responses induced in AKI through the regulation of mTOR and AMPK pathways and the inhibition of inflammasomes activation. (2) Autophagy can also help in the regulation of inflammatory responses through the nuclear factor kappa B pathway, which is beneficial to the recovery of kidney tissues. These studies reviewed here provide better insight into the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of the autophagy-inflammatory pathway. Through this review, we suggest that the autophagy-inflammatory pathway may serve as an alternative target for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gong
- Experimental Animal Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Nianlan Yang
- School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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20
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Burris RL, Vick SC, Popovic B, Fraungruber PE, Nagarajan S. Maternal exposure to soy diet reduces atheroma in hyperlipidemic F1 offspring mice by promoting macrophage and T cell anti-inflammatory responses. Atherosclerosis 2020; 313:26-34. [PMID: 33032233 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Maternal hypercholesterolemia has been implicated in earlier onset of atherosclerotic lesions in neonatal offspring. In this study, we investigated whether maternal exposure to soy protein isolate (SPI) diet attenuated the progression of atherosclerosis in F1 offspring. METHOD Pregnant apolipoprotein E knockout (Apoe-/-) female mice were fed SPI diet until postnatal day 21 (PND21) of the offspring (SPI-offspring). SPI-offspring were switched at PND21 to casein (CAS) diet until PND140. Mice fed CAS throughout their lifetime (gestation to adulthood) were used as controls (CAS-offspring). RESULTS Atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic sinuses were reduced in SPI-offspring compared with CAS-offspring. Total serum cholesterol levels in CAS-offspring or dams were comparable to levels in their SPI-counterparts, suggesting that alternative mechanisms contributed to the athero-protective effect of maternal SPI diet. Aortic VCAM-1, MCP-1, and TNF-α mRNA and protein expression, and expression of macrophage pro-inflammatory cytokines was reduced in SPI-offspring. Interestingly, CD4+ T cells from SPI-offspring showed reduced IFN-γ expression (Th1), while the expression of IL-10 (Th2/Treg), and IL-13 (Th2) was increased. DNA methylation analyses revealed that anti-inflammatory T cell-associated Gata3 and Il13 promoter regions were hypomethylated in SPI-offspring. These findings suggest that anti-inflammatory macrophage and T cell response may have contributed to the athero-protective effect in SPI-offspring. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that gestational and lactational soy diet exposure inhibits susceptibility to atherosclerotic lesion formation by promoting anti-inflammatory responses by macrophages and T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona L Burris
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Sarah C Vick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Branimir Popovic
- Department of Pathology, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pamelia E Fraungruber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shanmugam Nagarajan
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Department of Pathology, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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21
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Gaire BP, Choi JW. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors in Cerebral Ischemia. Neuromolecular Med 2020; 23:211-223. [PMID: 32914259 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an important lipid biomolecule that exerts pleiotropic cellular actions as it binds to and activates its five G-protein-coupled receptors, S1P1-5. Through these receptors, S1P can mediate diverse biological activities in both healthy and diseased conditions. S1P is produced by S1P-producing enzymes, sphingosine kinases (SphK1 and SphK2), and is abundantly present in different organs, including the brain. The medically important roles of receptor-mediated S1P signaling are well characterized in multiple sclerosis because FTY720 (Gilenya™, Novartis), a non-selective S1P receptor modulator, is currently used as a treatment for this disease. In cerebral ischemia, its role is also notable because of FTY720's efficacy in both rodent models and human patients with cerebral ischemia. In particular, some of the S1P receptors, including S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3, have been identified as pathogenic players in cerebral ischemia. Other than these receptors, S1P itself and S1P-producing enzymes have been shown to play certain roles in cerebral ischemia. This review aims to compile the current updates and overviews about the roles of S1P signaling, along with a focus on S1P receptors in cerebral ischemia, based on recent studies that used in vivo rodent models of cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakta Prasad Gaire
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Inchon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woong Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Inchon, 21936, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Fan X, Liu L, Shi Y, Guo F, He X, Zhao X, Zhong D, Li G. Recent advances of the function of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor S1P3. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1564-1578. [PMID: 33410533 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Known as a variety of sphingolipid metabolites capable of performing various biological activities, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is commonly found in platelets, red blood cells, neutrophils, lymph fluid, and blood, as well as other cells and body fluids. S1P comprises five receptors, namely, S1P1-S1P5, with the distribution of S1P receptors exhibiting tissue selectivity to some degree. S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3 are extensively expressed in a wide variety of different tissues. The expression of S1P4 is restricted to lymphoid and hematopoietic tissues, while S1P5 is primarily expressed in the nervous system. S1P3 plays an essential role in the pathophysiological processes related to inflammation, cell proliferation, cell migration, tumor invasion and metastasis, ischemia-reperfusion, tissue fibrosis, and vascular tone. In this paper, the relevant mechanism in the role of S1P3 is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fanghan Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Di Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Xie T, Chen C, Peng Z, Brown BC, Reisz JA, Xu P, Zhou Z, Song A, Zhang Y, Bogdanov MV, Kellems RE, D'Alessandro A, Zhang W, Xia Y. Erythrocyte Metabolic Reprogramming by Sphingosine 1-Phosphate in Chronic Kidney Disease and Therapies. Circ Res 2020; 127:360-375. [PMID: 32284030 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Hypoxia promotes renal damage and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The erythrocyte is the only cell type for oxygen (O2) delivery. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)-a highly enriched biolipid in erythrocytes-is recently reported to be induced under high altitude in normal humans to enhance O2 delivery. However, nothing is known about erythrocyte S1P in CKD. OBJECTIVE To investigate the function and metabolic basis of erythrocyte S1P in CKD with a goal to explore potential therapeutics. METHODS AND RESULTS Using erythrocyte-specific SphK1 (sphingosine kinase 1; the only enzyme to produce S1P in erythrocytes) knockout mice (eSphK1-/-) in an experimental model of hypertensive CKD with Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion, we found severe renal hypoxia, hypertension, proteinuria, and fibrosis in Ang II-infused eSphk1-/- mice compared with controls. Untargeted metabolomics profiling and in vivo U-13C6 isotopically labeled glucose flux analysis revealed that SphK1 is required for channeling glucose metabolism toward glycolysis versus pentose phosphate pathway, resulting in enhanced erythroid-specific Rapoport-Luebering shunt in Ang II-infused mice. Mechanistically, increased erythrocyte S1P functioning intracellularly activates AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) 1α and BPGM (bisphosphoglycerate mutase) by reducing ceramide/S1P ratio and inhibiting PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A), leading to increased 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (an erythrocyte-specific metabolite negatively regulating Hb [hemoglobin]-O2-binding affinity) production and thus more O2 delivery to counteract kidney hypoxia and progression to CKD. Preclinical studies revealed that an AMPK agonist or a PP2A inhibitor rescued the severe CKD phenotype in Ang II-infused eSphK1-/- mice and prevented development of CKD in the control mice by inducing 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate production and thus enhancing renal oxygenation. Translational research validated mouse findings in erythrocytes of hypertensive CKD patients and cultured human erythrocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our study elucidates the beneficial role of eSphk1-S1P in hypertensive CKD by channeling glucose metabolism toward Rapoport-Luebering shunt and inducing 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate production and O2 delivery via a PP2A-AMPK1α signaling pathway. These findings reveal the metabolic and molecular basis of erythrocyte S1P in CKD and new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xie
- From the Rheumatology and Immunology (T.X.), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (T.X., C.C., P.X., A.S., Y.Z., M.V.B., R.E.K., W.Z., Y.X.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston
| | - Changhan Chen
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (C.C.), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (T.X., C.C., P.X., A.S., Y.Z., M.V.B., R.E.K., W.Z., Y.X.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston
| | - Zhangzhe Peng
- Nephrology (Z.P.), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Benjamin C Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (B.C.B., J.A.R., A.D.)
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (B.C.B., J.A.R., A.D.)
| | - Ping Xu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (T.X., C.C., P.X., A.S., Y.Z., M.V.B., R.E.K., W.Z., Y.X.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (Z.Z.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston
| | - Anren Song
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (T.X., C.C., P.X., A.S., Y.Z., M.V.B., R.E.K., W.Z., Y.X.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston
| | - Yujin Zhang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (T.X., C.C., P.X., A.S., Y.Z., M.V.B., R.E.K., W.Z., Y.X.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston
| | - Mikhail V Bogdanov
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (T.X., C.C., P.X., A.S., Y.Z., M.V.B., R.E.K., W.Z., Y.X.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston
| | - Rodney E Kellems
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (T.X., C.C., P.X., A.S., Y.Z., M.V.B., R.E.K., W.Z., Y.X.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston.,MDAnderson-UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX (R.E.K., Y.X.)
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (B.C.B., J.A.R., A.D.)
| | - Weiru Zhang
- General Medicine (W.Z.), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (T.X., C.C., P.X., A.S., Y.Z., M.V.B., R.E.K., W.Z., Y.X.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston
| | - Yang Xia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (T.X., C.C., P.X., A.S., Y.Z., M.V.B., R.E.K., W.Z., Y.X.), University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston.,MDAnderson-UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX (R.E.K., Y.X.)
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24
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Dellepiane S, Leventhal JS, Cravedi P. T Cells and Acute Kidney Injury: A Two-Way Relationship. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1546. [PMID: 32765535 PMCID: PMC7379378 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) complicates up to 10% of hospital admissions substantially increasing patient morbidity and mortality. Experimental evidence supports that AKI initiation and maintenance results from immune-mediated damage. Exogenous injury sources directly damage renal cells which produce pro-inflammatory mediators recruiting immune cells and furthering kidney injury. Many AKI studies focus on activation of innate immunity; major components include complement pathways, neutrophils, and monocytes. Recently, growing evidence emphasizes T lymphocytes role in affecting AKI pathogenesis and magnitude. In particular, T helper 17 lymphocytes enhance tissue injury by recruiting neutrophils and other inflammatory cells, while regulatory T cells conversely reduce renal injury and facilitate repair. Intriguingly, evidence supports local parenchymal-T cell interactions as essential to producing T cell phenotypic changes affecting long-term kidney and patient survival. Herein, we review T cells effects on AKI and patient outcomes and discuss related new therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes of affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Dellepiane
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jeremy S Leventhal
- Division of Nephrology, White Plains Hospital, White Plains, NY, United States
| | - Paolo Cravedi
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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25
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Rousselle TV, Kuscu C, Kuscu C, Schlegel K, Huang L, Namwanje M, Eason JD, Makowski L, Maluf D, Mas V, Bajwa A. FTY720 Regulates Mitochondria Biogenesis in Dendritic Cells to Prevent Kidney Ischemic Reperfusion Injury. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1278. [PMID: 32670281 PMCID: PMC7328774 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are central in regulating immune responses of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and strategies to alter DC function may provide new therapeutic opportunities. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) modulates immunity through binding to its receptors (S1P1-5), and protection from kidney IRI occurs in mice treated with S1PR agonist, FTY720 (FTY). We tested if ex vivo propagation of DCs with FTY could be used as cellular therapy to limit the off-target effects associated with systemic FTY administration in kidney IRI. DCs have the ability of regulate innate and adaptive responses and we posited that treatment of DC with FTY may underlie improvements in kidney IRI. Herein, it was observed that treatment of bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) with FTY induced mitochondrial biogenesis, FTY-treated BMDCs (FTY-DCs) showed significantly higher oxygen consumption rate and ATP production compared to vehicle treated BMDCs (Veh-DCs). Adoptive transfer of FTY-DCs to mice 24 h before or 4 h after IRI significantly protected the kidneys from injury compared to mice treated with Veh-DCs. Additionally, allogeneic adoptive transfer of C57BL/6J FTY-DCs into BALB/c mice equally protected the kidneys from IRI. FTY-DCs propagated from S1pr1-deficient DCs derived from CD11cCreS1pr1fl/fl mice as well as blunting mitochondrial oxidation in wildtype (WT) FTY-DCs prior to transfer abrogated the protection observed by FTY-DCs. We queried if DC mitochondrial content alters kidney responses after IRI, a novel but little studied phenomenon shown to be integral to regulation of the immune response. Transfer of mitochondria rich FTY-DCs protects kidneys from IRI as transferred FTY-DCs donated their mitochondria to recipient splenocytes (i.e., macrophages) and prior splenectomy abrogated this protection. Adoptive transfer of FTY-DCs either prior to or after ischemic injury protects kidneys from IRI demonstrating a potent role for donor DC-mitochondria in FTY's efficacy. This is the first evidence, to our knowledge, that DCs have the potential to protect against kidney injury by donating mitochondria to splenic macrophages to alter their bioenergetics thus making them anti-inflammatory. In conclusion, the results support that ex vivo FTY720-induction of the regulatory DC phenotype could have therapeutic relevance that can be preventively infused to reduce acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas V Rousselle
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Canan Kuscu
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Cem Kuscu
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kailo Schlegel
- Division of Nephrology and the Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - LiPing Huang
- Division of Nephrology and the Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Maria Namwanje
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - James D Eason
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Liza Makowski
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Daniel Maluf
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Valeria Mas
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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26
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Zimmerman KA, Hopp K, Mrug M. Role of chemokines, innate and adaptive immunity. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109647. [PMID: 32325183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) triggers a robust immune system response including changes in both innate and adaptive immunity. These changes involve immune cells (e.g., macrophages and T cells) as well as cytokines and chemokines (e.g., MCP-1) that regulate the production, differentiation, homing, and various functions of these cells. This review is focused on the role of the immune system and its associated factors in the pathogenesis of PKDs as evidenced by data from cell-based systems, animal models, and PKD patients. It also highlights relevant pre-clinical and clinical studies that point to specific immune system components as promising candidates for the development of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to improve PKD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Zimmerman
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Katharina Hopp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Polycystic Kidney Disease Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michal Mrug
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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27
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Raza Z, Saleem U, Naureen Z. Sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling in ischemia and reperfusion injury. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 149:106436. [PMID: 32173486 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia and reperfusion injury is a complex hemodynamic pathological phenomenon that engages the metabolic to inflammatory machinery in development of disease conditions like heart failure, stroke and acute kidney failure. Target specific therapeutic approaches for ischemia reperfusion injury remains critical despite the extensive studies contributing to the understanding of its pathogenesis. Ischemic or pharmacological conditionings have been long established manipulations to harness the endogenous protective mechanisms against ischemia reperfusion injury that fostered the development of potential therapeutic targets such as sphingolipids signaling. Sphingosine 1-phosphate has been emerged as a crucial metabolite of sphingolipids to regulate the cell survival, vascular integrity and inflammatory cascades in ischemia reperfusion injury. Sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling process has been implicated to downgrade the mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptotic assembly along with upregulation of RISK and SAFE pro-survival pathways. It also regulates the endothelial dysfunction and immune cells behavior to control the vascular permeability and immune cells infiltration at ischemia reperfusion injury site. Targeting the signaling of this single moiety holds the vast potential to extensively influence the detrimental signaling of ischemia reperfusion injury. This review highlights the role and significance of S1P signaling that can be therapeutically exploit to treat ischemia reperfusion injury mediated pathological conditions in different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Raza
- Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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28
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Gharaie Fathabad S, Kurzhagen JT, Sadasivam M, Noel S, Bush E, Hamad ARA, Rabb H. T Lymphocytes in Acute Kidney Injury and Repair. Semin Nephrol 2020; 40:114-125. [PMID: 32303275 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Innate and adaptive immune systems participate in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Considerable data from different research teams have shown the importance of T lymphocytes in the pathophysiology of AKI and, more recently, prevention and repair. T cells can generate or resolve inflammation by secreting specific cytokines and growth factors as well as interact with other immune and stromal cells to induce kidney injury or promote tissue repair. There also are emerging data on the role of T cells in the progression of AKI to chronic kidney disease and organ cross-talk in AKI. These data set the stage for immunomodulatory therapies for AKI. This review focuses on the major populations of T lymphocytes and their roles as mediators for AKI and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johanna T Kurzhagen
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mohanraj Sadasivam
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sanjeev Noel
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Errol Bush
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Abdel R A Hamad
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hamid Rabb
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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29
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Dai H, Thomson AW, Rogers NM. Dendritic Cells as Sensors, Mediators, and Regulators of Ischemic Injury. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2418. [PMID: 31681306 PMCID: PMC6803430 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly specialized, bone marrow (BM)-derived antigen-processing and -presenting cells crucial to the induction, integration and regulation of innate, and adaptive immunity. They are stimulated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) via pattern recognition receptors to promote inflammation and initiate immune responses. In addition to residing within the parenchyma of all organs as part of the heterogeneous mononuclear phagocyte system, DCs are an abundant component of the inflammatory cell infiltrate that appears in response to ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). They can play disparate roles in the pathogenesis of IRI since their selective depletion has been found to be protective, deleterious, or of no benefit in mouse models of IRI. In addition, administration of DC generated and manipulated ex vivo can protect organs from IRI by suppressing inflammatory cytokine production, limiting the capacity of DCs to activate NKT cells, or enhancing regulatory T cell function. Few studies however have investigated specific signal transduction mechanisms underlying DC function and how these affect IRI. Here, we address current knowledge of the role of DCs in regulation of IRI, current gaps in understanding and prospects for innovative therapeutic intervention at the biological and pharmacological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helong Dai
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Angus W. Thomson
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Natasha M. Rogers
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Renal Division, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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30
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Hu Y, Yang C, Shen G, Yang S, Cheng X, Cheng F, Rao J, Wang X. Hyperglycemia-Triggered Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 3 Signaling Worsens Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating M1/M2 Polarization. Liver Transpl 2019; 25:1074-1090. [PMID: 30972941 PMCID: PMC6617772 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia aggravates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), but the underlying mechanism for the aggravation remains elusive. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) have been implicated in metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Here, we discuss whether and how S1P/S1PRs are involved in hyperglycemia-related liver IRI. For our in vivo experiment, we enrolled diabetic patients with benign hepatic disease who had liver resection, and we used streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic mice or normal mice to establish a liver IRI model. In vitro bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were differentiated in high-glucose (HG; 30 mM) or low-glucose (LG; 5 mM) conditions for 7 days. The expression of S1P/S1PRs was analyzed in the liver and BMDMs. We investigated the functional and molecular mechanisms by which S1P/S1PRs may influence hyperglycemia-related liver IRI. S1P levels were higher in liver tissues from patients with diabetes mellitus and mice with STZ-induced diabetes. S1PR3, but not S1PR1 or S1PR2, was activated in liver tissues and Kupffer cells under hyperglycemic conditions. The S1PR3 antagonist CAY10444 attenuated hyperglycemia-related liver IRI based on hepatic biochemistry, histology, and inflammatory responses. Diabetic livers expressed higher levels of M1 markers but lower levels of M2 markers at baseline and after ischemia/reperfusion. Dual-immunofluorescence staining showed that hyperglycemia promoted M1 (CD68/CD86) differentiation and inhibited M2 (CD68/CD206) differentiation. Importantly, CAY10444 reversed hyperglycemia-modulated M1/M2 polarization. HG concentrations in vitro also triggered S1P/S1PR3 signaling, promoted M1 polarization, inhibited M2 polarization, and enhanced inflammatory responses compared with LG concentrations in BMDMs. In contrast, S1PR3 knockdown significantly retrieved hyperglycemia-modulated M1/M2 polarization and attenuated inflammation. In conclusion, our study reveals that hyperglycemia specifically triggers S1P/S1PR3 signaling and exacerbates liver IRI by facilitating M1 polarization and inhibiting M2 polarization, which may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for liver IRI in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchang Hu
- Hepatobiliary CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Chao Yang
- Hepatobiliary CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Gefengqiang Shen
- Hepatobiliary CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Shikun Yang
- Hepatobiliary CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Xuyu Cheng
- Hepatobiliary CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Feng Cheng
- Hepatobiliary CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Jianhua Rao
- Hepatobiliary CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNanjingChina
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31
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FTY720 Effects on Inflammation and Liver Damage in a Rat Model of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:3496836. [PMID: 31015795 PMCID: PMC6446098 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3496836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) produces systemic inflammation with the potential for causing organ failure in tissues peripheral to the initial site of injury. We speculate that treatment strategies that dampen inflammation may be therapeutically beneficial to either the initial site of injury or peripheral organs. To test this, we evaluated the impact of FTY720-induced sequestration of circulating mature lymphocytes on renal IRI and secondary organ injury. Methods A microvascular clamp was surgically placed around the left renal pedicle of anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats with either vehicle or FTY720 treatment (0.3 mg/kg) intravenously injected after 15 min of ischemia. Blood flow was restored after 60 min. Cohorts of anesthetized rats were euthanized at 6, 24, or 72 hrs with tissue samples collected for analysis. Results FTY720 treatment resulted in profound T lymphocyte reduction in peripheral blood. Histopathologic examination, clinical chemistries, and gene transcript expression measurements revealed that FTY720 treatment reduced hepatocellular degeneration, reduced serum markers of liver injury (ALT/AST), and reduced the expression of gene targets associated with IRI. Conclusion These findings support an anti-inflammatory effect of FTY720 in the liver where the expression of genes associated with apoptosis, chemotaxis, and the AP-1 transcription factor was reduced. Findings presented here provide the basis for future studies evaluating FTY720 as a potential therapeutic agent to treat complications resulting from renal IRI.
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32
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Xue J, Ge H, Lin Z, Wang H, Lin W, Liu Y, Wu G, Xia J, Zhao Q. The role of dendritic cells regulated by HMGB1/TLR4 signalling pathway in myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2849-2862. [PMID: 30784177 PMCID: PMC6433676 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response plays an important role in ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) through a variety of inflammatory cells. Apart from neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes, the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in IRI has been noticed. The study was aimed at investigating whether the high‐mobility group protein box‐1/toll like receptor 4 (HMGB1/TLR4) signalling pathway regulate the migration, adhesion and aggregation of DCs to the myocardium, induce DCs activation and maturation, stimulate the expression of surface costimulatory molecules and participate in myocardial IRI. In vivo, migration, adhesion, and aggregation of DCs was enhanced; the expression of peripheral blood DCs CD80 and CD86, myocardial adhesion molecules were increased; and the infarct size was increased during myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). These responses induced by MI/RI were significantly inhibited by HMGB1 specific neutralizing antibody treatment. Cellular experiments confirmed that HMGB1 promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines through TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB, upregulated CD80 and CD86 expression, mediated the damage of cardiomyocytes and accelerated the apoptosis. Our results indicate that DCs activation and maturation, stimulate the expression of surface costimulatory molecules by promoting the release of inflammatory factors through NF‐κB pathway and participate in myocardial IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hanwei Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hanlei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qifeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
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The role of sphingolipids in acute kidney injury. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 70:31-39. [PMID: 30455062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is most simply defined as the rapid loss of kidney function in a matter of hours to days. AKI can manifest in a number of ways including pre-renal, post-renal, or intrinsic AKI. During acute kidney injury, multiple pathogenic processes are activated including inflammation, cell death, and the generation of reactive oxygen species, just to name a few. Sphingolipids are known to play a role in a number of the pathogenic pathways involved in the pathogenesis of many types of AKI, which suggests a role for sphingolipids in AKI. This short review will discuss the evidence for a role for sphingolipids in AKI.
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Xiong M, Xu L, Li L, Liu Y, Zhou F, Wang J, Zhu J. The experimental research of pregnancy immune tolerance induced by FTY720 via blocking S1P signal transduction pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:5897-5905. [PMID: 30362168 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Lang Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital Shanghai China
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35
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Cortesi F, Delfanti G, Casorati G, Dellabona P. The Pathophysiological Relevance of the iNKT Cell/Mononuclear Phagocyte Crosstalk in Tissues. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2375. [PMID: 30369933 PMCID: PMC6194905 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD1d-restricted Natural Killer T (NKT) cells are regarded as sentinels of tissue integrity by sensing local cell stress and damage. This occurs via recognition of CD1d-restricted lipid antigens, generated by stress-related metabolic changes, and stimulation by inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-12 and IL-18. Increasing evidence suggest that this occurs mainly upon NKT cell interaction with CD1d-expressing cells of the Mononuclear Phagocytic System, i.e., monocytes, macrophages and DCs, which patrol parenchymatous organs and mucosae to maintain tissue homeostasis and immune surveillance. In this review, we discuss critical examples of this crosstalk, presenting the known underlying mechanisms and their effects on both cell types and the environment, and suggest that the interaction with CD1d-expressing mononuclear phagocytes in tissues is the fundamental job of NKT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cortesi
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Delfanti
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Casorati
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Dellabona
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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36
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Gaire BP, Song MR, Choi JW. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtype 3 (S1P 3) contributes to brain injury after transient focal cerebral ischemia via modulating microglial activation and their M1 polarization. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:284. [PMID: 30305119 PMCID: PMC6180378 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathogenic roles of receptor-mediated sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling in cerebral ischemia have been evidenced mainly through the efficacy of FTY720 that binds non-selectively to four of the five S1P receptors (S1P1,3,4,5). Recently, S1P1 and S1P2 were identified as specific receptor subtypes that contribute to brain injury in cerebral ischemia; however, the possible involvement of other S1P receptors remains unknown. S1P3 can be the candidate because of its upregulation in the ischemic brain, which was addressed in this study, along with underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Methods We used transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (tMCAO), a mouse model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. To identify S1P3 as a pathogenic factor in cerebral ischemia, we employed a specific S1P3 antagonist, CAY10444. Brain damages were assessed by brain infarction, neurological score, and neurodegeneration. Histological assessment was carried out to determine microglial activation, morphological transformation, and proliferation. M1/M2 polarization and relevant signaling pathways were determined by biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis. Results Inhibiting S1P3 immediately after reperfusion with CAY10444 significantly reduced tMCAO-induced brain infarction, neurological deficit, and neurodegeneration. When S1P3 activity was inhibited, the number of activated microglia was markedly decreased in both the periischemic and ischemic core regions in the ischemic brain 1 and 3 days following tMCAO. Moreover, inhibiting S1P3 significantly restored the microglial shape from amoeboid to ramified microglia in the ischemic core region 3 days after tMCAO, and it attenuated microglial proliferation in the ischemic brain. In addition to these changes, S1P3 signaling influenced the proinflammatory M1 polarization, but not M2. The S1P3-dependent regulation of M1 polarization was clearly shown in activated microglia, which was affirmed by determining the in vivo activation of microglial NF-κB signaling that is responsible for M1 and in vitro expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines in activated microglia. As downstream effector pathways in an ischemic brain, S1P3 influenced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and Akt. Conclusions This study identified S1P3 as a pathogenic mediator in an ischemic brain along with underlying mechanisms, involving its modulation of microglial activation and M1 polarization, further suggesting that S1P3 can be a therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1323-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakta Prasad Gaire
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ryoung Song
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Woong Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, 406-799, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Yu JC, Lin G, Field JJ, Linden J. Induction of antiinflammatory purinergic signaling in activated human iNKT cells. JCI Insight 2018; 3:91954. [PMID: 30185656 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.91954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are activated at sites of local tissue injury, or globally during vaso-occlusive episodes of sickle cell disease (SCD). Tissue damage stimulates production of CD1d-restricted lipid antigens that activate iNKT cells to produce Th1- and Th2-type cytokines. Here, we show that circulating iNKT cells in SCD patients express elevated levels of the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphosphohydrolase, CD39, as well the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR). We also investigated the effects of stimulating cultured human iNKT cells on the expression of genes involved in the regulation of purinergic signaling. iNKT cell stimulation caused induction of ADORA2A, P2RX7, CD38, CD39, ENPP1, CD73, PANX1, and ENT1. Transcription of ADA, which degrades adenosine, was reduced. Induction of CD39 mRNA was associated with increased ecto-ATPase activity on iNKT cells that was blocked by POM1. Exposure of iNKT cells to A2AR agonists during stimulation reduced production of IFN-γ and enhanced production of IL-13 and CD39. Based on these findings, we define "purinergic Th2-type cytokine bias" as an antiinflammatory purinergic response to iNKT cell stimulation resulting from changes in the transcription of several genes involved in purine release, extracellular metabolism, and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Yu
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology La Jolla, California, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of California/Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Gene Lin
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Joshua J Field
- BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joel Linden
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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38
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Gril B, Paranjape AN, Woditschka S, Hua E, Dolan EL, Hanson J, Wu X, Kloc W, Izycka-Swieszewska E, Duchnowska R, Pęksa R, Biernat W, Jassem J, Nayyar N, Brastianos PK, Hall OM, Peer CJ, Figg WD, Pauly GT, Robinson C, Difilippantonio S, Bialecki E, Metellus P, Schneider JP, Steeg PS. Reactive astrocytic S1P3 signaling modulates the blood-tumor barrier in brain metastases. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2705. [PMID: 30006619 PMCID: PMC6045677 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are devastating complications of cancer. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which protects the normal brain, morphs into an inadequately characterized blood-tumor barrier (BTB) when brain metastases form, and is surrounded by a neuroinflammatory response. These structures contribute to poor therapeutic efficacy by limiting drug uptake. Here, we report that experimental breast cancer brain metastases of low- and high permeability to a dextran dye exhibit distinct microenvironmental gene expression patterns. Astrocytic sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 3 (S1P3) is upregulated in the neuroinflammatory response of the highly permeable lesions, and is expressed in patients' brain metastases. S1P3 inhibition functionally tightens the BTB in vitro and in vivo. S1P3 mediates its effects on BTB permeability through astrocytic secretion of IL-6 and CCL2, which relaxes endothelial cell adhesion. Tumor cell overexpression of S1P3 mimics this pathway, enhancing IL-6 and CCL-2 production and elevating BTB permeability. In conclusion, neuroinflammatory astrocytic S1P3 modulates BTB permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunilde Gril
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA.
| | | | - Stephan Woditschka
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - Emily Hua
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Emma L Dolan
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Hanson
- Laboratory of Pathology, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Genomics Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Wojciech Kloc
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Varmia & Masuria University, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copernicus Hospital Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-803, Poland
| | - Ewa Izycka-Swieszewska
- Department of Pathology & Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-210, Poland
- Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospital Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-803, Poland
| | - Renata Duchnowska
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, 04-141, Poland
| | - Rafał Pęksa
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki St, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Biernat
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki St, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek Jassem
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-211, Poland
| | - Naema Nayyar
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Priscilla K Brastianos
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - O Morgan Hall
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Cody J Peer
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - William D Figg
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Gary T Pauly
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, CCR, NCI, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Christina Robinson
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Simone Difilippantonio
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Emilie Bialecki
- Département de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Privé Clairval, Ramsay Général de Santé, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Philippe Metellus
- Département de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Privé Clairval, Ramsay Général de Santé, Marseille, 13009, France
- Institut de Neurophysiopathologie-UMR 7051, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, 13344, France
| | - Joel P Schneider
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, CCR, NCI, Frederick, 21702, MD, USA
| | - Patricia S Steeg
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA.
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Don-Doncow N, Zhang Y, Matuskova H, Meissner A. The emerging alliance of sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling and immune cells: from basic mechanisms to implications in hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:1989-2001. [PMID: 29856066 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a considerable role in hypertension. In particular, T-lymphocytes are recognized as important players in its pathogenesis. Despite substantial experimental efforts, the molecular mechanisms underlying the nature of T-cell activation contributing to an onset of hypertension or disease perpetuation are still elusive. Amongst other cell types, lymphocytes express distinct profiles of GPCRs for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) - a bioactive phospholipid that is involved in many critical cell processes and most importantly majorly regulates T-cell development, lymphocyte recirculation, tissue-homing patterns and chemotactic responses. Recent findings have revealed a key role for S1P chemotaxis and T-cell mobilization for the onset of experimental hypertension, and elevated circulating S1P levels have been linked to several inflammation-associated diseases including hypertension in patients. In this article, we review the recent progress towards understanding how S1P and its receptors regulate immune cell trafficking and function and its potential relevance for the pathophysiology of hypertension. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Immune Targets in Hypertension. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hana Matuskova
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Meissner
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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40
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Song N, Zhang T, Xu X, Lu Z, Yu X, Fang Y, Hu J, Jia P, Teng J, Ding X. miR-21 Protects Against Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Preventing Epithelial Cell Apoptosis and Inhibiting Dendritic Cell Maturation. Front Physiol 2018; 9:790. [PMID: 30013485 PMCID: PMC6036242 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal tubular injury and innate immune responses induced by hypoxia contribute to acute kidney injury. Accumulating evidence suggests that miR-21 overexpression protects against kidney ischemia injury. Additionally, miR-21 emerges as a key inhibitor in dendritic cell maturation. Thus, we hypothesized that miR-21 protects the kidney from IR injury by suppressing epithelial cell damage and inflammatory reaction. In this study, we investigated effects of miR-21 and its signaling pathways (PTEN/AKT/mTOR/HIF, PDCD4/NFκ-B) on kidney ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in vitro and in vivo. The results revealed that IR increased miR-21, HIF1α, and 2α expression in vivo and in vitro. MiR-21 interacted with HIF1α and 2α through the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway. Moreover, inhibition of miR-21 activated PDCD4/NFκ-B pathways, which are critical for dendritic cell maturation. Renal IR triggers local inflammation by inducing the dendritic cell maturation and promoting the secretion of IL-12, IL-6, and TNF-α cytokines. Knockdown of miR-21 intensified the effect of IR on tubular epithelial cell apoptosis and dendritic cell maturation. Our results suggested that IR-inducible miR-21 protects epithelial cells from IR injury via a feedback interaction with HIF (PTEN/AKT/mTOR/HIF/miR-21) and by inhibiting maturation of DCs through the PDCD4/NF-κB pathway. These findings highlight new therapeutic opportunities in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Song
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - XiaLian Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiachang Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jia
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Teng
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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41
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Bryan AM, Del Poeta M. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors and innate immunity. Cell Microbiol 2018; 20:e12836. [PMID: 29498184 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signalling lipid that regulates many cellular processes in mammals. One well-studied role of S1P signalling is to modulate T-cell trafficking, which has a major impact on adaptive immunity. Compounds that target S1P signalling pathways are of interest for immune system modulation. Recent studies suggest that S1P signalling regulates many more cell types and processes than previously appreciated. This review will summarise current understanding of S1P signalling, focusing on recent novel findings in the roles of S1P receptors in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle M Bryan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Veterans Administration Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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42
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a growing global health concern, yet no treatment is currently available to prevent it or to promote kidney repair after injury. Animal models demonstrate that the macrophage is a major contributor to the inflammatory response to AKI. Emerging data from human biopsies also corroborate the presence of macrophages in AKI and their persistence in progressive chronic kidney disease. Macrophages are phagocytic innate immune cells that are important mediators of tissue homeostasis and host defense. In response to tissue injury, macrophages become activated based on specific signals from the damaged microenvironment. The activation and functional state of the macrophage depends on the stage of tissue injury and repair, reflecting a dynamic and diverse spectrum of macrophage phenotypes. In this review, we highlight our current understanding of the mechanisms by which macrophages contribute to injury and repair after AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Huen
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520;
| | - Lloyd G Cantley
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520;
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43
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Innate Immune Response in Kidney Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Potential Target for Therapy. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:6305439. [PMID: 28676864 PMCID: PMC5476886 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6305439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury caused by ischemia and subsequent reperfusion is associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Ischemia/reperfusion injury in kidney transplantation causes delayed graft function and is associated with more frequent episodes of acute rejection and progression to chronic allograft nephropathy. Alloantigen-independent inflammation is an important process, participating in pathogenesis of injurious response, caused by ischemia and reperfusion. This innate immune response is characterized by the activity of classical cells belonging to the immune system, such as neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, and also tubular epithelial cells and endothelial cells. These immune cells not only participate in inflammation after ischemia exerting detrimental influence but also play a protective role in the healing response from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Delineating of complex mechanisms of their actions could be fruitful in future prevention and treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Among numerous so far conducted experiments, observed immunomodulatory role of adenosine and adenosine receptor agonists in complex interactions of dendritic cells, natural killer T cells, and T regulatory cells is emphasized as promising in the treatment of kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury. Potential pharmacological approaches which decrease NF-κB activity and antagonize mechanisms downstream of activated Toll-like receptors are discussed.
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44
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NLRP3 inflammasome: Pathogenic role and potential therapeutic target for IgA nephropathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41123. [PMID: 28117341 PMCID: PMC5259731 DOI: 10.1038/srep41123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously showed that IL-1β is involved in the pathogenesis of both spontaneously occurring and passively induced IgA nephropathy (IgAN) models. However, the exact causal-relationship between NLRP3 inflammasome and the pathogenesis of IgAN remains unknown. In the present study, we showed that [1] IgA immune complexes (ICs) activated NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages involving disruption of mitochondrial integrity and induction of mitochondrial ROS, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and renal intrinsic cells; [2] knockout of NLRP3 inhibited IgA ICs-mediated activation of BMDCs and T cells; and [3] knockout of NLRP3 or a kidney-targeting delivery of shRNA of NLRP3 improved renal function and renal injury in a mouse IgAN model. These results strongly suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome serves as a key player in the pathogenesis of IgAN partly through activation of T cells and mitochondrial ROS production and that a local, kidney-targeting suppression of NLRP3 be a therapeutic strategy for IgAN.
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Zhang LM, Liu JH, Xue CB, Li MQ, Xing S, Zhang X, He WT, Jiang FC, Lu X, Zhou P. Pharmacological inhibition of MyD88 homodimerization counteracts renal ischemia reperfusion-induced progressive renal injury in vivo and in vitro. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26954. [PMID: 27246399 PMCID: PMC4887891 DOI: 10.1038/srep26954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of innate immunity via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) contributes to ischemia reperfusion (I/R) induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney injury. However, since there have not yet been any effective therapy, the exact pharmacological role of MyD88 in the prevention and treatment of renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is not known. We designed a small molecular compound, TJ-M2010-2, which inhibited MyD88 homodimerization. We used an established unilateral I/R mouse model. All mice undergoing 80 min ischemia through uninephrectomy died within five days without intervention. However, treatment with TJ-M2010-2 alone significantly improved the survival rate to 58.3%. Co-treatment of TJ-M2010-2 with the CD154 antagonist increased survival rates up to 100%. Twenty-eight days post-I/R of 60 min ischemia without nephrectomy, TJ-M2010-2 markedly attenuated renal interstitial and inhibited TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells. Furthermore, TJ-M2010-2 remarkably inhibited TLR/MyD88 signaling in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, our findings highlight the promising clinical potential of MyD88 inhibitor in preventing and treating acute or chronic renal I/R injuries, and the therapeutic functionality of dual-system inhibition strategy in IRI-induced AKI. Moreover, MyD88 inhibition ameliorates renal I/R injury-induced tubular interstitial fibrosis by suppressing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Zhang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cheng-Biao Xue
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Shuai Xing
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wen-Tao He
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Feng-Chao Jiang
- Academy of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xia Lu
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
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Swaminathan S, Rosner MH, Okusa MD. Emerging therapeutic targets of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Semin Nephrol 2015; 35:38-54. [PMID: 25795498 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is linked to high morbidity and mortality. To date, singular approaches to target specific pathways known to contribute to the pathogenesis of SA-AKI have failed. Because of the complexity of the pathogenesis of SA-AKI, a reassessment necessitates integrative approaches to therapeutics of SA-AKI that include general supportive therapies such as the use of vasopressors, fluids, antimicrobials, and target-specific and time-dependent therapeutics. There has been recent progress in our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of SA-AKI including the temporal nature of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes. In this review, we discuss the clinical and experimental basis of emerging therapeutic approaches that focus on targeting early proinflammatory and late anti-inflammatory processes, as well as therapeutics that may enhance cellular survival and recovery. Finally, we include ongoing clinical trials in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundararaman Swaminathan
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mitchell H Rosner
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA.
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Rabb H, Griffin MD, McKay DB, Swaminathan S, Pickkers P, Rosner MH, Kellum JA, Ronco C. Inflammation in AKI: Current Understanding, Key Questions, and Knowledge Gaps. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:371-9. [PMID: 26561643 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015030261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex biologic response that is essential for eliminating microbial pathogens and repairing tissue after injury. AKI associates with intrarenal and systemic inflammation; thus, improved understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response has high potential for identifying effective therapies to prevent or ameliorate AKI. In the past decade, much knowledge has been generated about the fundamental mechanisms of inflammation. Experimental work in small animal models has revealed many details of the inflammatory response that occurs within the kidney after typical causes of AKI, including insights into the molecular signals released by dying cells, the role of pattern recognition receptors, the diverse subtypes of resident and recruited immune cells, and the phased transition from destructive to reparative inflammation. Although this expansion of the basic knowledge base has increased the number of mechanistically relevant targets of intervention, progress in developing therapies that improve AKI outcomes by modulation of inflammation remains slow. In this article, we summarize the most important recent developments in understanding the inflammatory mechanisms of AKI, highlight key limitations of the commonly used animal models and clinical trial designs that may prevent successful clinical application, and suggest priority approaches for research toward clinical translation in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Rabb
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland;
| | - Matthew D Griffin
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dianne B McKay
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mitchell H Rosner
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - John A Kellum
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology and Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Claudio Ronco
- Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, Saint Bortolo Hospital and the International Renal Research Institute, Vicenza, Italy
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Okusa MD, Rosner MH, Kellum JA, Ronco C. Therapeutic Targets of Human AKI: Harmonizing Human and Animal AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:44-8. [PMID: 26519086 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The opportunity to make advances in the prevention and treatment of AKI has never been greater than it is today. Major advances have been made in the understanding of the biology of AKI, the design of clinical trials, and the use of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. These advances have been supplemented by the coordinated effort of societies, federal agencies, and industry, such that we are poised in the ensuing years to positively address the unrelenting harm that this disorder has created. Over the past decade, major advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology of AKI, mainly through the study of small animal models. However, translating these findings to human AKI remains a barrier, which is typified by the absence of effective therapeutic agents. The purpose of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) XIII was to harmonize human and animal studies and determine what is known about potential therapeutic targets and what gaps in knowledge remain. A series of invited reviews will distill key concepts from this initiative that focus on different pathogenic features of AKI, including hemodynamics, immunity and inflammation, cellular and molecular pathways, progression, and regeneration and repair. This series will convey the status of our knowledge of the pathophysiology of human AKI and propose therapeutic targets for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia;
| | - Mitchell H Rosner
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - John A Kellum
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology and Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Claudio Ronco
- Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital and the International Renal Research Institute, Vicenza, Italy
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Bajwa A, Huang L, Kurmaeva E, Gigliotti JC, Ye H, Miller J, Rosin DL, Lobo PI, Okusa MD. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor 3-Deficient Dendritic Cells Modulate Splenic Responses to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:1076-90. [PMID: 26286732 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasticity of dendritic cells (DCs) permits phenotypic modulation ex vivo by gene expression or pharmacologic agents, and these modified DCs can exert therapeutic immunosuppressive effects in vivo through direct interactions with T cells, either inducing T regulatory cells (T(REG)s) or causing anergy. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a sphingolipid and the natural ligand for five G protein-coupled receptors (S1P1, S1P2, S1P3, S1P4, and S1P5), and S1PR agonists reduce kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in mice. S1pr3(-/-)mice are protected from kidney IRI, because DCs do not mature. We tested the therapeutic advantage of S1pr3(-/-) bone marrow-derived dendritic cell (BMDC) transfers in kidney IRI. IRI produced a rise in plasma creatinine (PCr) levels in mice receiving no cells (NCs) and mice pretreated with wild-type (WT) BMDCs. However, S1pr3(-/-) BMDC-pretreated mice were protected from kidney IRI. S1pr3(-/-) BMDC-pretreated mice had significantly higher numbers of splenic T(REG)s compared with NC and WT BMDC-pretreated mice. S1pr3(-/-) BMDCs did not attenuate IRI in splenectomized, Rag-1(-/-), or CD11c(+) DC-depleted mice. Additionally, S1pr3(-/-) BMDC-dependent protection required CD169(+)marginal zone macrophages and the macrophage-derived chemokine CCL22 to increase splenic CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T(REG)s. Pretreatment with S1pr3(-/-) BMDCs also induced T(REG)-dependent protection against IRI in an allogeneic mouse model. In summary, adoptively transferred S1pr3(-/-) BMDCs prevent kidney IRI through interactions within the spleen and expansion of splenic CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T(REG)s. We conclude that genetically induced deficiency of S1pr3 in allogenic BMDCs could serve as a therapeutic approach to prevent IRI-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Bajwa
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Liping Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Elvira Kurmaeva
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Joseph C Gigliotti
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Hong Ye
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Jacqueline Miller
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Diane L Rosin
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Peter I Lobo
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, and
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Inhibition of G-Protein βγ Signaling Decreases Levels of Messenger RNAs Encoding Proinflammatory Cytokines in T Cell Receptor-Stimulated CD4(+) T Helper Cells. J Mol Signal 2015; 10:1. [PMID: 27095999 PMCID: PMC4831316 DOI: 10.5334/1750-2187-10-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Inhibition of G-protein βγ (Gβγ) signaling was found previously to enhance T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulated increases in interleukin 2 (IL-2) mRNA in CD4+ T helper cells, suggesting that Gβγ might be a useful drug target for treating autoimmune diseases, as low dose IL-2 therapy can suppress autoimmune responses. Because IL-2 may counteract autoimmunity in part by shifting CD4+ T helper cells away from the Type 1 T helper cell (TH1) and TH17 subtypes towards the TH2 subtype, the purpose of this study was to determine if blocking Gβγ signaling affected the balance of TH1, TH17, and TH2 cytokine mRNAs produced by CD4+ T helper cells. Methods: Gallein, a small molecule inhibitor of Gβγ, and siRNA-mediated silencing of the G-protein β1 subunit (Gβ1) were used to test the effect of blocking Gβγ on mRNA levels of cytokines in primary human TCR-stimulated CD4+ T helper cells. Results: Gallein and Gβ1 siRNA decreased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-17A mRNA levels in TCR-stimulated CD4+ T cells grown under TH1-promoting conditions. Inhibiting Gβγ also decreased mRNA levels of STAT4, which plays a positive role in TH1 differentiation and IL-17A production. Moreover, mRNA levels of the STAT4-regulated TH1-associated proteins, IL-18 receptor β chain (IL-18Rβ), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8 (MAP3K8), lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), natural killer cell group 7 sequence (NKG7), and oncostatin M (OSM) were also decreased upon Gβγ inhibition. Gallein also increased IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 mRNA levels in TCR-stimulated memory CD4+ T cells grown in TH2-promoting conditions. Conclusions: Inhibiting Gβγ to produce these shifts in cytokine mRNA production might be beneficial for patients with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Crohn’s disease (CD), psoriasis, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), in which both IFN-γ and IL-17A are elevated.
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