1
|
Yang DJ, Chen KL, Lv ZY, Zhou B, Zhou ZG, Li Y. PD-L1 blockade in mitigating severe acute pancreatitis induced pancreatic damage through modulation of immune cell apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112081. [PMID: 38652963 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder. The immune response plays a crucial role in AP progression. However, the impact of immune regulatory checkpoint PD-L1 on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains uncertain. Hence, this study aimed to examine the influence of PD-L1 on SAP. We assessed PD-L1 expression in neutrophils and monocytes obtained from SAP patients. We induced SAP in C57BL/6J mice, PD-L1 gene-deficient mice, and PD-L1 humanized mice using intraperitoneal injections of cerulein plus lipopolysaccharide. Prior to the initial cerulein injection, a PD-L1 inhibitor was administered. Pancreatic tissues were collected for morphological and immunohistochemical evaluation, and serum levels of amylase, lipase, and cytokines were measured. Flow cytometry analysis was performed using peripheral blood cells. The expression of PD-L1 in neutrophils and monocytes was significantly higher in SAP patients compared to healthy individuals. Likewise, the expression of PD-L1 in inflammatory cells in the peripheral blood of SAP-induced C57BL/6J mice was notably higher than in the control group. In mice with PD-L1 deficiency, SAP model exhibited lower pancreatic pathology scores, amylase, lipase, and cytokine levels compared to wild-type mice. PD-L1 deletion resulted in reduced neutrophil apoptosis, leading to an earlier peak in neutrophil apoptosis. Furthermore, it decreased early monocyte apoptosis and diminished the peak of T lymphocyte apoptosis. Within the SAP model, administration of a PD-L1 inhibitor reduced pancreatic pathology scores, amylase, lipase, and cytokine levels in both C57BL/6J mice and PD-L1 humanized mice. These findings suggest that inhibiting PD-L1 expression can alleviate the severity of SAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Du-Jiang Yang
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China; Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ke-Ling Chen
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhao-Ying Lv
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zong-Guang Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1 Ke-yuan-si-lu, Chengdu 610093, Sichuan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang J, Jiang YH, Zhou X, Yao JQ, Wang YY, Liu JQ, Zhang PC, Tang WF, Li Z. Material basis and molecular mechanisms of Chaihuang Qingyi Huoxue Granule in the treatment of acute pancreatitis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking-based strategy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1353695. [PMID: 38765004 PMCID: PMC11099290 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1353695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to analyze active compounds and signaling pathways of CH applying network pharmacology methods, and to additionally verify the molecular mechanism of CH in treating AP. Materials and methods Network pharmacology and molecular docking were firstly used to identify the active components of CH and its potential targets in the treatment of AP. The pancreaticobiliary duct was retrogradely injected with sodium taurocholate (3.5%) to create an acute pancreatitis (AP) model in rats. Histological examination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot and TUNEL staining were used to determine the pathway and mechanism of action of CH in AP. Results Network pharmacological analysis identified 168 active compounds and 276 target proteins. In addition, there were 2060 targets associated with AP, and CH had 177 targets in common with AP. These shared targets, including STAT3, IL6, MYC, CDKN1A, AKT1, MAPK1, MAPK3, MAPK14, HSP90AA1, HIF1A, ESR1, TP53, FOS, and RELA, were recognized as core targets. Furthermore, we filtered out 5252 entries from the Gene Ontology(GO) and 186 signaling pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG). Enrichment and network analyses of protein-protein interactions predicted that CH significantly affected the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which played a critical role in programmed cell death. The core components and key targets showed strong binding activity based on molecular docking results. Subsequently, experimental validation demonstrated that CH inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT in pancreatic tissues, promoted the apoptosis of pancreatic acinar cells, and further alleviated inflammation and histopathological damage to the pancreas in AP rats. Conclusion Apoptosis of pancreatic acinar cells can be enhanced and the inflammatory response can be reduced through the modulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, resulting in the amelioration of pancreatic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-Hong Jiang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou city, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia-Qi Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang-Yang Wang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian-Qin Liu
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou city, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Fu Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou city, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chu SJ, Liao WI, Pao HP, Wu SY, Tang SE. Targeting Rev-Erbα to protect against ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury in rats. Respir Res 2023; 24:247. [PMID: 37828537 PMCID: PMC10571317 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dysregulation of local circadian clock has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a broad spectrum of diseases. However, the pathophysiological role of intrinsic circadian clocks Rev-Erbα in ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains unclear. METHODS The IR-ALI model was established by subjecting isolated perfused rat lungs to 40 min of ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Rats were randomly assigned to one of six groups: control, control + SR9009 (Rev-Erbα agonist, 50 mg/kg), IR, and IR + SR9009 at one of three dosages (12.5, 25, 50 mg/kg). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) and lung tissues were obtained and analyzed. In vitro experiments utilized mouse lung epithelial cells (MLE-12) exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) and pretreated with SR9009 (10 µM/L) and Rev-Erbα siRNA. RESULTS SR9009 exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in lung edema in IR-ALI. It significantly inhibited the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and CINC-1 in BALF. Moreover, SR9009 treatment restored suppressed IκB-α levels and reduced nuclear NF-κB p65 levels in lung tissues. In addition, a SR9009 mitigated IR-induced apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in injured lung tissue. Finally, treatment with Rev-Erbα antagonist SR8278 abolished the protective action of SR9009. In vitro analyses showed that SR9009 attenuated NF-κB activation and KC/CXCL-1 levels in MLE-12 cells exposed to HR, and these effects were significantly abrogated by Rev-Erbα siRNA. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that SR9009 exerts protective effects against IR-ALI in a Rev-Erbα-dependent manner. SR9009 may provide a novel adjuvant therapeutic approach for IR-ALI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jye Chu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri- Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-I Liao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Pao
- Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Wu
- Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-En Tang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri- Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Chenggong Road, Neihu, Taipei114, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Z, Xie J, Shan N, Wang H, Hu B, Wang J, Zhang H, Ma C. Discovery of the specific inhibitory effect of thiamphenicol on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice through virtual screening and biological evaluation. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
5
|
Camponogara C, Oliveira SM. Are TRPA1 and TRPV1 channel-mediated signalling cascades involved in UVB radiation-induced sunburn? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 92:103836. [PMID: 35248760 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Burn injuries are underappreciated injuries associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation has dramatic clinical effects in humans and is a significant public health concern. Although the mechanisms underlying UVB exposure are not fully understood, many studies have made substantial progress in the pathophysiology of sunburn in terms of its molecular aspects in the last few years. It is well established that the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels modulate the inflammatory, oxidative, and proliferative processes underlying UVB radiation exposure. However, it is still unknown which mechanisms underlying TRPV1/A1 channel activation are elicited in sunburn induced by UVB radiation. Therefore, in this review, we give an overview of the TRPV1/A1 channel-mediated signalling cascades that may be involved in the pathophysiology of sunburn induced by UVB radiation. These data will undoubtedly help to explain the various features of sunburn and contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to better treat it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Camponogara
- Graduated Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Graduated Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Prediction of the Active Components and Possible Targets of Xanthii Fructus Based on Network Pharmacology for Use in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4473231. [PMID: 35287308 PMCID: PMC8917441 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4473231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex condition brought on for many reasons, and its prevalence is rising gradually around the world. Xanthii Fructus (XF) has been used in the treatment of CRS for decades and is effective. The chemical and pharmacological profiles of XF, on the other hand, are still unknown and need to be clarified. The potential mechanisms of XF in CRS treatment were investigated using a network pharmacology approach in this study. OB and DL were in charge of screening the bioactive components in XF and drug-likeness. TCMSP and PubChem databases were used to identify prospective XF proteins, whereas GeneCards and the DisGeNET database were used to identify potential CRS genes. An interactive network of XF and CRS is built using the STRING database based on common goals identified by the online tool Venny. Cytoscape was used to visualize the topological characteristics of nodes, while the biological function pathways were identified by GO Knowledge Base, KEGG. There were 26 bioactive components and 115 potential targets in XF that bind to CRS or are considered therapeutically relevant. Five significant signaling pathways have been found for CRS by the pathway analysis including the HIF-1 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. We simultaneously confirmed that the PI3K-Akt pathway promotes the development of CRS. Finally, this study took a holistic approach to the pharmacological actions and molecular mechanisms of XF in the treatment of CRS. TNF, INS, CCL2, CXCL8, IL-10, VEGFA, and IL-6 have all been identified as potential targets for anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting effects. This network pharmacology prediction could be useful in manifesting the molecular mechanisms of the Chinese herbal compound XF for CRS.
Collapse
|
7
|
BERNARDO LARISSAR, FERREIRA LAÉRCIAKARLAD, FERREIRA LARISSAA, VIEIRA COSMOISAÍASD, OLIVEIRA JOÃOBATISTADE, LIMA LOUISEMDE, ALVES ADRIANOFRANCISCO, ARAÚJO RUBENSS, MAIA MAYARAS, SCOTTI MARCUST, BARBOSA FILHO JOSÉMARIA, PIUVEZAM MARCIAREGINA. Milonine attenuates the lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by modulating the Akt/NF-κB signaling pathways. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20211327. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220211327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
8
|
Fagone E, Fruciano M, Gili E, Sambataro G, Vancheri C. Developing PI3K Inhibitors for Respiratory Diseases. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:437-466. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
9
|
Upregulated PD-L1 delays human neutrophil apoptosis and promotes lung injury in an experimental animal model of sepsis. Blood 2021; 138:806-810. [PMID: 34010409 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PD-L1 is a ligand for PD-1 and its expression has been shown to be upregulated in neutrophils harvested from septic patients. However, the effect of PD-L1 on neutrophil survival and sepsis-induced lung injury remains largely unknown. Here we show PD-L1 expression negatively correlates with rates of apoptosis in human neutrophils harvested from patients with sepsis. Using co-immunoprecipitation assays on control neutrophils challenged with IFN-γ and LPS, we show PD-L1 complexes with the p85 subunit of PI3-K to activate AKT-dependent survival signaling. Conditional CRE/LoxP deletion of neutrophil PD-L1 in vivo further protected against lung injury and reduced neutrophil lung infiltration in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) experimental sepsis animal model. Compared to wild-type animals, PD-L1-deficient animals presented lower plasma levels of plasma TNF-α and IL-6 and higher IL-10 following CLP, and reduced seven-day mortality in CLP PD-L1 knockout animals. Taken together, our data suggest that increased PD-L1 expression on human neutrophils delays cellular apoptosis by triggering PI-3K-dependent AKT phosphorylation to drive lung injury and increase mortality during clinical and experimental sepsis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Xia L, Shi Y, Su J, Friedemann T, Tao Z, Lu Y, Ling Y, Lv Y, Zhao R, Geng Z, Cui X, Lu H, Schröder S. Shufeng Jiedu, a promising herbal therapy for moderate COVID-19:Antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, pathways of bioactive compounds, and a clinical real-world pragmatic study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153390. [PMID: 33158717 PMCID: PMC7581328 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shufeng Jiedu capsules (SFJDC), a patented herbal drug composed of eight medicinal plants, is used for the treatment of different viral respiratory tract infectious diseases. Based on its antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activity in acute lung injury, SFJDC might be a promising candidate for the treatment of COVID-19. PURPOSE To evaluate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties and to discover the mechanism of action of SFJDC as a potential drug for the treatment of COVID-19. Furthermore, the study should determine the clinical effectiveness of SFJDC for the treatment of COVID-19. DESIGN We analyzed the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of SFJDC in a HCoV-229E mouse model on lung index, virus load in the lung, the release of cytokines, and on T- and B-lymphocytes. The mechanism of action was further investigated by network analysis. Additionally, we investigated data from a clinical pragmatic real-world study for patients with confirmed COVID-19, to evaluate the clinical effect of SFJDC and to determine the best time to start the treatment. RESULTS SFJDC significantly reduced the virus load in the lung of HCoV-229E mice (from 1109.29 ± 696.75 to 0 ± 0 copies/ml), decreased inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the lung, and increased the amount of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the blood compared to the model group. Network analysis revealed that SFJDC reduces the activity of NFκB via several signaling pathways. Quercetin, wogonin, and polydatin bind directly to the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2. Clinical data showed that SFJDC, added to standard antiviral therapy (AVD), significantly reduced the clinical recovery time of COVID-19 and fatigue (from 3.55 ± 4.09 to 1.19 ± 2.28 days) as well as cough (from 5.67 ± 5.64 to 3.47 ± 3.75) days compared to AVD alone. SFJDC therapy was significantly more effective when used within the first 8 days after the onset of symptoms. CONCLUSION SFJDC might be a promising drug for the treatment of COVID-19, but large-scale randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to complement the real-world evidence. It might be beneficial to start SFJDC treatment as early as possible in suspected cases of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China.
| | - Yujing Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Su
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, P.R. China.
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany.
| | - Zhenggang Tao
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lv
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Geng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China.
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Baek A, Jung SH, Pyo S, Kim SY, Jo S, Kim L, Lee EY, Kim SH, Cho SR. 3'-Sialyllactose Protects SW1353 Chondrocytic Cells From Interleukin-1β-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:609817. [PMID: 33912037 PMCID: PMC8072478 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.609817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major degenerative joint disease. Oxidative stress and inflammation play key roles in the pathogenesis of OA. 3'-Sialyllactose (3'-SL) is derived from human milk and is known to regulate a variety of biological functions related to immune homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of 3'-SL in interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-treated SW1353 chondrocytic cells. 3'-SL potently suppressed IL-1β-induced oxidative stress by increasing the levels of enzymatic antioxidants. 3'-SL significantly reversed the IL-1β mediated expression levels of reactive oxygen species in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytic cells. In addition, 3'-SL could reverse the increased levels of inflammatory markers such as nitrite, prostaglandin E2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytic cells. Moreover, 3'-SL significantly inhibited the apoptotic process, as indicated by the downregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, upregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression, and significant reduction in the number of TUNEL-positive cells in the IL-1β-treated chondrocytic cells. Furthermore, 3'-SL reversed cartilage destruction by decreasing the release of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), such as MMP1, MMP3, and MMP13. In contrast, 3'-SL significantly increased the expression levels of matrix synthesis proteins, such as collagen II and aggrecan, in IL-1β-treated chondrocytic cells. 3'-SL dramatically suppressed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathways, which are related to the pathogenesis of OA. Taken together, our data suggest that 3'-SL alleviates IL-1β-induced OA pathogenesis via inhibition of activated MAPK and PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling cascades with the downregulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, 3'-SL has the potential to be used as a natural compound for OA therapy owing to its ability to activate the antioxidant defense system and suppress inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Baek
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.,Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Hee Jung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Graduate School Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Soonil Pyo
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Seongmoon Jo
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Graduate School Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sala V, Della Sala A, Ghigo A, Hirsch E. Roles of phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) in respiratory diseases. Cell Stress 2021; 5:40-51. [PMID: 33821232 PMCID: PMC8012884 DOI: 10.15698/cst2021.04.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) is expressed in all the cell types that are involved in airway inflammation and disease, including not only leukocytes, but also structural cells, where it is expressed at very low levels under physiological conditions, while is significantly upregulated after stress. In the airways, PI3Kγ behaves as a trigger or a controller, depending on the pathological context. In this review, the contribution of PI3Kγ in a plethora of respiratory diseases, spanning from acute lung injury, pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, cystic fibrosis and response to both bacterial and viral pathogens, will be commented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Sala
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Angela Della Sala
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.,Kither Biotech S.r.l. Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.,Equal contribution to senior authorship
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.,Kither Biotech S.r.l. Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.,Equal contribution to senior authorship
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
GYY4137 alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting the PDGFRβ/Akt/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Life Sci 2021; 271:119192. [PMID: 33577850 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS GYY4137 [GYY, morpholin-4-ium-4-methoxyphenyl (morpholino) phosphinodithioate] is a novel and perfect hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor that is stable in vivo and in vitro. H2S, along with CO and NO, has been recognized as the third physiological gas signaling molecule that plays an active role in fighting various lung infections. However, the mechanism by which GYY4137 affects cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is not understood. This study aimed to investigate whether GYY4137 inhibits the activation of the pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome by inhibiting the PDGFRβ/Akt/NF-κB pathway. MAIN METHODS The model of CLP-induced ALI was established in vivo. The mice were subsequently treated with GYY4137 (25 μg/g and 50 μg/g) to simulate the realistic conditions of pathogenesis. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were used to examine protein expression, hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for the histopathological analysis, and the levels of inflammatory factors were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). KEY FINDINGS GYY4137 significantly increased the 7-day survival of mice with septic peritonitis and protected against CLP-induced ALI, including decreasing neutrophil infiltration, improving sepsis-induced lung histopathological changes, diminishing lung tissue damage, and attenuating the severity of lung injury in mice. The protective effect of GYY4137 was undoubtedly dose-dependent. We discovered that GYY4137 reduced the levels of the p-PDGFRβ, p-NF-κB, ASC, NLRP3, caspase-1, and p-Akt proteins in septic mouse lung tissue. Akt regulates the generation of proinflammatory cytokines in endotoxemia-associated ALI by enhancing the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. SIGNIFICANCE These results indicate a new molecular mechanism explaining the effect of GYY4137 on the treatment of CLP-induced ALI in mice.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wisnu W, Alwi I, Nafrialdi N, Harimurti K, Pemayun TGD, Jusman SWA, Santoso DIS, Harahap AR, Suwarto S, Subekti I. The Differential Effects of Propylthiouracil and Methimazole as Graves' Disease Treatment on Vascular Atherosclerosis Markers: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:796194. [PMID: 34987480 PMCID: PMC8721229 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.796194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperthyroidism is related to vascular atherosclerosis. Propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole, other than their antithyroid effects, may have different mechanisms in preventing atherogenesis in Graves' disease. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of antithyroid drugs on markers of vascular atherosclerosis in Graves' hyperthyroidism. METHODS This study was a single-blind, randomized clinical trial conducted on 36 patients with Graves' disease in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, from June 2019 until July 2020. Graves' disease was diagnosed from clinical manifestation of hyperthyroidism with diffuse goiter and then confirmed by thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH), free T4 (fT4), and TSH-receptor antibody (TRAb) measurements. Participants were randomly assigned to either a PTU or a methimazole treatment group and followed up for 3 months. Markers of vascular atherosclerosis were represented by adhesion molecules [intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin], carotid artery stiffness [pulse wave velocity (PWV)], and thickness [carotid intima media thickness (cIMT)]. RESULTS By the end of the study, 24 participants reached euthyroid condition (13 from the PTU group and 11 from the methimazole group). After 3 months of follow-up, in the PTU group, we noticed an improvement of ICAM-1 [pretreatment: 204.1 (61.3) vs. posttreatment: 141.6 (58.4) ng/ml; p = 0.001], VCAM-1 [837 (707-977) vs. 510 (402-630) ng/ml; p < 0.001] and E-selectin [32.1 (24.1-42.7) vs. 28.2 (21.6-36.8) ng/ml; p = 0.045] in the PTU group. In the methimazole group, only VCAM-1 improvement [725 (565-904) vs. 472 (367-590); p = 0.001] was observed. Meanwhile, we found no significant changes in PWV or cIMT in either group. CONCLUSION Antithyroid treatment in Graves' disease leads to improvement in adhesion molecules, with a lesser effect on methimazole, whereas there were no significant changes in PWV or cIMT. PTU may have a better mechanism compared with methimazole in terms of improving adhesion molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wismandari Wisnu
- Division of Endocrine, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Idrus Alwi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nafrialdi Nafrialdi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kuntjoro Harimurti
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tjokorda Gede D. Pemayun
- Division of Endocrine, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Sri Widia A. Jusman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Irawati S. Santoso
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Suhendro Suwarto
- Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Imam Subekti
- Division of Endocrine, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- *Correspondence: Imam Subekti,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pirozzi F, Ren K, Murabito A, Ghigo A. PI3K Signaling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Mechanisms, Targets, and Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:2791-2800. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180320120054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disorder characterized by irreversible chronic inflammation and airflow obstruction. It affects more than 64 million patients worldwide and it is predicted to become the third cause of death in the industrialized world by 2030. Currently available therapies are not able to block disease progression and to reduce mortality, underlying the need for a better understanding of COPD pathophysiological mechanisms to identify new molecular therapeutic targets. Recent studies demonstrated that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling is prominently activated in COPD and correlates with an increased susceptibility of patients to lung infections. PI3Ks have thus emerged as promising alternative drug targets for COPD and a wide array of pan-isoform and isoform-selective inhibitors have been tested in preclinical models and are currently being evaluated in clinical studies. Here, we summarize the recent knowledge on the involvement of PI3K enzymes in the pathophysiology of COPD, and we discuss the most recent results arising from the preclinical as well as the clinical testing of PI3K inhibitors as novel therapeutics for COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flora Pirozzi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Kai Ren
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Murabito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao XW, Zhou JP, Bi YL, Wang JY, Yu R, Deng C, Wang WK, Li XZ, Huang R, Zhang J, Tao DT. The role of MAPK signaling pathway in formation of EMT in oral squamous carcinoma cells induced by TNF-α. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:3149-3156. [PMID: 30989559 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04772-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
To study the role of MAPK signaling pathway in the development of Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral squamous cell carcinoma induced by inflammatory factor TNF-α. After the action of TNF-α, the expression of JNK, ERK, P38 in MAPK signaling pathway increased and the expression of E-cadherin, Claudin1 decreased significantly compared to the normal control group. After the addition of corresponding inhibitor, the expression of JNK, ERK, P38 decreased and the expression of E-cadherin, Claudin1 increased compared with TNF-α group. TNF-α regulated the role of EMT in promoting the invasion and metastasis of oral squamous carcinoma cells through MAPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Zhao
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ping Zhou
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Lan Bi
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ying Wang
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Yu
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Deng
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Kang Wang
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Zhen Li
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Huang
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jili Zhang
- Oral Diseases Research Centre, Department of Oral Medicine, College of Oral Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Tao Tao
- Department of Stomatology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shi Z, Ye W, Zhang J, Zhang F, Yu D, Yu H, Chen B, Zhou M, Sun H. LipoxinA4 attenuates acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury by regulating AQP-5 and MMP-9 expression, anti-apoptosis and PKC/SSeCKS-mediated F-actin activation. Mol Immunol 2018; 103:78-88. [PMID: 30219663 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An essential component of acute pancreatitis(AP)-induced acute lung injury(ALI) is the inflammation that is part of the body's systemic inflammatory response to a variety of systemic stimuli. Lipoxins(LXs) are considered important endogenous lipids that mediate the resolution of inflammation. In previous studies, we found that Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) reduced AP-induced pulmonary oedema and TNF-α production in lung. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Due to the above studies, we investigated the aquaporin, matrix metalloprotein, apoptosis and PKC/SSeCKS signal pathway in cellular and animal models of AP-associated lung injury following LXA4 intervention. In this study, we first proved LXA4 could effectively promote F-actin reconstruction and regulate its expression in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells both in vivo and vitro via suppressing PKC/SSeCKS signalling pathway. Next, we found that LXA4 attenuated cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in lung tissues of AP-ALI mice and HPMECs. Additionally, we demonstrated that LXA4 could regulate the expression of AQP-5 and MMP-9 to stabilize the permeability of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell. In summary, our results suggest that the anti-inflammatory eff ;ects of LXA4 may be due to the inhibition of both the PKC/SSeCKS pathway and apoptosis to reduce alveolar fluid exudation and to the regulation of AQP-5 and MMP-9 expression to maintain the clearance of alveolar fluid. Thus, LXA4 is capable of exerting protective eff ;ects on AP-induced ALI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Shi
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Ye
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiecheng Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dinglai Yu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huajun Yu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengtao Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Garcia CC, Tavares LP, Dias ACF, Kehdy F, Alvarado-Arnez LE, Queiroz-Junior CM, Galvão I, Lima BH, Matos AR, Gonçalves APF, Soriani FM, Moraes MO, Marques JT, Siqueira MM, Machado AMV, Sousa LP, Russo RC, Teixeira MM. Phosphatidyl Inositol 3 Kinase-Gamma Balances Antiviral and Inflammatory Responses During Influenza A H1N1 Infection: From Murine Model to Genetic Association in Patients. Front Immunol 2018; 9:975. [PMID: 29867955 PMCID: PMC5962662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection causes severe pulmonary disease characterized by intense leukocyte infiltration. Phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3Ks) are central signaling enzymes, involved in cell growth, survival, and migration. Class IB PI3K or phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase-gamma (PI3Kγ), mainly expressed by leukocytes, is involved in cell migration during inflammation. Here, we investigated the contribution of PI3Kγ for the inflammatory and antiviral responses to IAV. PI3Kγ knockout (KO) mice were highly susceptible to lethality following infection with influenza A/WSN/33 H1N1. In the early time points of infection, infiltration of neutrophils was higher than WT mice whereas type-I and type-III IFN expression and p38 activation were reduced in PI3Kγ KO mice resulting in higher viral loads when compared with WT mice. Blockade of p38 in WT macrophages infected with IAV reduced levels of interferon-stimulated gene 15 protein to those induced in PI3Kγ KO macrophages, suggesting that p38 is downstream of antiviral responses mediated by PI3Kγ. PI3Kγ KO-derived fibroblasts or macrophages showed reduced type-I IFN transcription and altered pro-inflammatory cytokines suggesting a cell autonomous imbalance between inflammatory and antiviral responses. Seven days after IAV infection, there were reduced infiltration of natural killer cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes, increased concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar fluid, reduced numbers of resolving macrophages, and IL-10 levels in PI3Kγ KO. This imbalanced environment in PI3Kγ KO-infected mice culminated in enhanced lung neutrophil infiltration, reactive oxygen species release, and lung damage that together with the increased viral loads, contributed to higher mortality in PI3Kγ KO mice compared with WT mice. In humans, we tested the genetic association of disease severity in influenza A/H1N1pdm09-infected patients with three potentially functional PIK3CG single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs1129293, rs17847825, and rs2230460. We observed that SNPs rs17847825 and rs2230460 (A and T alleles, respectively) were significantly associated with protection from severe disease using the recessive model in patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. Altogether, our results suggest that PI3Kγ is crucial in balancing antiviral and inflammatory responses to IAV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana C Garcia
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Tavares
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunologia e Mecânica Pulmonar, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina F Dias
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Kehdy
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucia Elena Alvarado-Arnez
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Coordinación Nacional de Investigación, UNIFRANZ, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Celso M Queiroz-Junior
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Izabela Galvão
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Braulio H Lima
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório de Inflamação e Dor, Departamento de Farmacologia, Prédio Central, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Aline R Matos
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula F Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunologia de Doenças Virais, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Frederico M Soriani
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Milton O Moraes
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João T Marques
- Laboratório de RNA de Interferência, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marilda M Siqueira
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M V Machado
- Laboratório de Imunologia de Doenças Virais, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Remo C Russo
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunologia e Mecânica Pulmonar, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang X, Zhuang R, Wu H, Chen J, Wang F, Li G, Wu C. A novel role of endocan in alleviating LPS-induced acute lung injury. Life Sci 2018; 202:89-97. [PMID: 29627442 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Endotoxin induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical complication of some clinical illnesses. Endothelial cell dysfunction and excessive pro-inflammation cytokine release are pivotal to the injury of alveolar-capillary membrane which is the typical characteristic of endotoxic lung injury. As a potential marker of endothelial cells, endocan plays an important role in many endothelial-dependent pathophysiological diseases. We speculated that endocan have anti-inflammatory property in ALI. Here, we investigated the role of endocan in LPS-induced ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. LPS were used to construct ALI mice model by aerosolization for 20 min. Endocan was intraperitoneal injected at 30 min before LPS exposure. Levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6 and MPO activities were detected by indicated ELISA. Cell apoptotic rate was determined by Annexin V/PI kit, ROS level and MPTP were detected by DCFH-DA and JC-1 kit, respectively. Seahorse XF96 was applied to evaluate the alteration of OCR and ECAR. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect indicated molecules. KEY FINDINGS Endocan effectively decreased TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels as well as relieved pulmonary epithelium cell apoptosis caused by LPS exposure. Endocan significantly reversed LPS induced UPRmt and promoted cell metabolism reprogramming which were crucial for the protective characteristic of endocan in ALI mice model. SIGNIFICANCE The above findings suggested endocan could significantly suppress inflammatory response in ALI model through attenuating UPRmt associated apoptosis and switch cellular bioenergetics, indicating endocan could be considered as a promising compound against LPS induced ALI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Rong Zhuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Haiya Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Fangyan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Guoping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Chengyun Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chung SY, Kim J, Bae HB, Tin TD, Ju W, Kwak SH. The Effects of Flecainide Acetate on Inflammatory-Immune Response in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Neutrophils and on Mortality in Septic Rats. Acute Crit Care 2018; 33:34-41. [PMID: 31723857 PMCID: PMC6849005 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2017.00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Flecainide acetate is a drug used primarily for cardiac arrhythmia. Some studies also imply that flecainide acetate has the potential to regulate inflammatory-immune responses; however, its mechanism of action is contended. We determined the effects of flecainide acetate on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human neutrophils in vitro and on mortality in a septic rat model. Methods Neutrophils from human blood were cultured with varying concentrations of flecainide acetate (1 μM, 10 μM, or 100 μM) with or without LPS (100 ng/ml). To assess neutrophil activation, the protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were measured after a 4-hour culture period. To assess the intracellular signaling pathways, the levels of phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were measured after a 30-minute culture period, and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was measured after a 1-hour culture period. Additionally, the survival rate was investigated in a rat sepsis model. Results Flecainide acetate down-regulated the activation of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6 and IL-8, and intracellular signaling pathways including ERK 1/2 and NF-κB. Flecainide acetate also improved the survival rate in the rat sepsis model. Conclusions Collectively, these findings indicate that flecainide acetate can improve survival in a rat sepsis model by attenuating LPS-induced neutrophil responses. We therefore suggest that flecainide acetate plays an important role in modulating inflammatory-immune responses.
Collapse
|
21
|
Jeon S, Kim SH, Shin SY, Lee YH. Clozapine reduces Toll-like receptor 4/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses through inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent Akt activation in microglia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 81:477-487. [PMID: 28431901 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of schizophrenia and severe mood disorders. Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. Clozapine exerts anti-inflammatory activity. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of clozapine is poorly understood. In this study, we found that clozapine suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced phosphorylation of IκBα at Ser-32 and of p65/RelA at Ser-468, as well as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)-dependent transcriptional activity in microglial cells. Clozapine downregulated LPS-induced Akt phosphorylation at Ser-473. Pharmacological Akt inhibitors ameliorated LPS-induced NF-κB activation. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ by EGTA or sequestration of intracellular Ca2+ by BAPTA-AM attenuated LPS-induced Akt phosphorylation. Treatment with calmodulin (CaM) antagonists and the CaM kinase inhibitor, KN-93, also prevented LPS-induced Akt and NF-κB activation, suggesting that Ca2+/CaM-dependent Akt activation is critical in LPS-induced NF-κB activation in microglia. These results suggest that clozapine exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of Ca2+/CaM/Akt-mediated NF-κB activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Dongguk University International Hospital, Dongguk University Medical School, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Young Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Cancer and Metabolism Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Han Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Cancer and Metabolism Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Involvement of the PI3K/Akt/NF- κB Signaling Pathway in the Attenuation of Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury by Sedum sarmentosum Bunge Extract. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9698410. [PMID: 29359164 PMCID: PMC5735615 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9698410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sedum sarmentosum Bunge possesses excellent anti-inflammatory properties and was used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of Sedum sarmentosum Bunge extract (SSBE) on severe acute pancreatitis-associated (SAP-associated) acute lung injury (ALI) in rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Here, we used a sodium taurocholate-induced SAP rat model to determine the role of SSBE in ALI. During the course of pancreatitis, the expressions of phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 in the lungs were upregulated. Meanwhile, a parallel increase in the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the lungs was observed after the induction of SAP. Treatment with SSBE significantly reduced the expression of p-Akt and p-p65 in the lungs and attenuated the severity of SAP-associated ALI compared to the SAP group at 12 h and 24 h. In summary, this study showed that SSBE has beneficial effects on SAP-associated ALI, probably through the PI3-K/Akt signaling pathways by suppressing the NF-κB activities.
Collapse
|
23
|
Schlosser K, Taha M, Deng Y, McIntyre LA, Mei SHJ, Stewart DJ. High circulating angiopoietin-2 levels exacerbate pulmonary inflammation but not vascular leak or mortality in endotoxin-induced lung injury in mice. Thorax 2017; 73:248-261. [PMID: 28947667 PMCID: PMC5870448 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Elevated plasma levels of angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) have been reported in patients with acute lung injury (ALI); however, it remains unclear whether this increase contributes to, or just marks, the underlying vasculopathic inflammation and leak associated with ALI. Here we investigated the biological consequences of inducing high circulating levels of ANGPT2 in a mouse model of endotoxin-induced ALI. Methods Transgenic mice (ANGPT2OVR) with elevated circulating levels of ANGPT2, achieved through conditional hepatocyte-specific overexpression, were examined from 3 to 72 hours following lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. An aptamer-based inhibitor was used to neutralise the effects of circulating ANGPT2 in LPS-exposed ANGPT2OVR mice. Results Total cells, neutrophils and macrophages, as well as inflammatory cytokines, were significantly higher in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of ANGPT2OVR versus littermate controltTA mice at 48 hours and 6 hours post-LPS, respectively. In contrast, LPS-induced vascular leak, evidenced by total BAL protein levels and lung wet/dry ratio, was unchanged between ANGPT2OVR and controlstTA, while BAL levels of IgM and albumin were decreased in ANGPT2OVR mice between 24 hours and 48 hours suggesting a partial attenuation of vascular leak. There was no significant difference in LPS-induced mortality between ANGPT2OVR and controlstTA. An ANGPT2-neutralising aptamer partially attenuated alveolar cell infiltration while exacerbating vascular leak in LPS-exposed ANGPT2OVR mice, supported by underlying time-dependent changes in the lung transcriptional profiles of multiple genes linked to neutrophil recruitment/adhesion and endothelial integrity. Conclusions Our findings suggest that high circulating ANGPT2 potentiates endotoxin-induced lung inflammation but may also exert other pleiotropic effects to help fine-tune the vascular response to lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Schlosser
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohamad Taha
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yupu Deng
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauralyn A McIntyre
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shirley H J Mei
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sims CA, Baur JA. The grapes and wrath: using resveratrol to treat the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1403:70-81. [PMID: 28845517 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol found in grapes, has been shown to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in a variety of conditions. Recently, resveratrol has been investigated as a potential adjunct to resuscitation therapy for hemorrhagic shock-a condition characterized by tissue hypoxia, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. Although standard resuscitation restores tissue perfusion, it can exacerbate oxidative stress and organ damage. In rodent models of severe hemorrhagic shock, resveratrol mitigates reperfusion injury, preserves organ function, and improves survival. While many of these benefits can be attributed to its ability to activate sirtuin 1, resveratrol interacts with many targets that are relevant to ischemia-reperfusion. Here, we explore the probable mechanisms, potential benefits, and possible problems associated with administering resveratrol as an adjunct during resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie A Sims
- The Trauma Center at the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li X, Chen Y, Wang L, Shang G, Zhang C, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Liu A. Quercetin alleviates pulmonary angiogenesis in a rat model of hepatopulmonary syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 49:S0100-879X2016000700606. [PMID: 27383124 PMCID: PMC4942229 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin shows protective effects against hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), as demonstrated in a rat model. However, whether these effects involve pulmonary vascular angiogenesis in HPS remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of quercetin on pulmonary vascular angiogenesis and explore the underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g underwent sham operation or common bile duct ligation (CBDL). Two weeks after surgery, HIF-1α and NFκB levels were assessed in rat lung tissue by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Then, CBDL and sham-operated rats were further divided into 2 subgroups each to receive intraperitoneal administration of quercetin (50 mg/kg daily) or 0.2% Tween for two weeks: Sham (Sham+Tween; n=8), CBDL (CBDL+Tween; n=8), Q (Sham+quercetin; n=8), and CBDL+Q (CBDL+quercetin; n=8). After treatment, lung tissue specimens were assessed for protein (immunohistochemistry and western blot) and/or gene expression (quantitative real-time PCR) levels of relevant disease markers, including VEGFA, VEGFR2, Akt/p-Akt, HIF-1α, vWf, and IκB/p-IκB. Finally, arterial blood was analyzed for alveolar arterial oxygen pressure gradient (AaPO2). Two weeks after CBDL, HIF-1α expression in the lung decreased, but was gradually restored at four weeks. Treatment with quercetin did not significantly alter HIF-1α levels, but did reduce AaPO2 as well as lung tissue NF-κB activity, VEGFA gene and protein levels, Akt activity, and angiogenesis. Although hypoxia is an important feature in HPS, our findings suggest that HIF-1α was not the main cause for the VEGFA increase. Interestingly, quercetin inhibited pulmonary vascular angiogenesis in rats with HPS, with involvement of Akt/NF-κB and VEGFA/VEGFR-2 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - L Wang
- Functional Laboratory of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - G Shang
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - C Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Z Zhao
- Liver Disease Institute of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - A Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dang HX, Li J, Liu C, Fu Y, Zhou F, Tang L, Li L, Xu F. CGRP attenuates hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress-related injury to alveolar epithelial type II cells via the activation of the Sonic hedgehog pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:209-216. [PMID: 28560441 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on primary alveolar epithelial type II (AECII) cells and expression of Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway components following exposure to hyperoxia. The AECII cells were isolated and purified from premature rats and exposed to air (21% oxygen), air + CGRP, hyperoxia (95% oxygen) or hyperoxia + CGRP. The production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined using the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate molecular probe. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the culture supernatant were detected by spectrophotometry. The apoptosis of AECII cells was assayed by flow cytometry, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Shh and Ptc1 in the AECII cells were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis and immunofluorescence, respectively. The cellular pathological changes partly improved and apoptosis was markedly decreased upon treatment with CGRP under hyperoxic conditions. The levels of ROS in the hyperoxia + CGRP group were significantly lower than thoe in the hyperoxia group. In addition, the hyperoxia-induced increase in MDA levels and the decrease in SOD activity in the culture supernatant of the AECII cells were attenuated by CGRP. Compared with the cells exposed to air, hyperoxia markedly inhibited the mRNA and protein expression levels of Shh and Ptc1 in the AECII cells; however, this inhibition was partly attenuated by treatment with CGRP. On the whole, our data suggest that CGRP can partly protect AECII cells from hyperoxia-induced injury, and the upregulation of CGRP may be a potential therapeutic approach with which to combat hyperoxia-induced lung injury, which may be associated with the activation of the SHH signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xing Dang
- Department of PICU, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of PICU, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Chengjun Liu
- Department of PICU, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yueqiang Fu
- Department of PICU, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of PICU, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Lei Tang
- Department of PICU, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Long Li
- Department of PICU, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of PICU, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wu GC, Liao WI, Wu SY, Pao HP, Tang SE, Li MH, Huang KL, Chu SJ. Targeting of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase enzymatic activity ameliorates lung damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Respir Res 2017; 18:71. [PMID: 28438162 PMCID: PMC5404693 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence reveals that nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) has a significant role in the pathophysiology of the inflammatory process. NAMPT inhibition has a beneficial effect in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, it remains unclear whether NAMPT inhibition has an impact on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute lung injury. In this study, we examined whether NAMPT inhibition provided protection against I/R lung injury in rats. Methods Isolated perfused rat lungs were subjected to 40 min of ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. The rats were randomly allotted to the control, control + FK866 (NAMPT inhibitor, 10 mg/kg), I/R, or I/R + FK866 groups (n = 6 per group). The effects of FK866 on human alveolar epithelial cells exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) were also investigated. Results Treatment with FK866 significantly attenuated the increases in lung edema, pulmonary arterial pressure, lung injury scores, and TNF-α, CINC-1, and IL-6 concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the I/R group. Malondialdehyde levels, carbonyl contents and MPO-positive cells in lung tissue were also significantly reduced by FK866. Additionally, FK866 mitigated I/R-stimulated degradation of IκB-α, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, Akt phosphorylation, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, and downregulated MKP-1 activity in the injured lung tissue. Furthermore, FK866 increased Bcl-2 and decreased caspase-3 activity in the I/R rat lungs. Comparably, the in vitro experiments showed that FK866 also inhibited IL-8 production and NF-κB activation in human alveolar epithelial cells exposed to H/R. Conclusions Our findings suggest that NAMPT inhibition may be a novel therapeutic approach for I/R-induced lung injury. The protective effects involve the suppression of multiple signal pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Chin Wu
- The Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-I Liao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Wu
- The Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Pao
- The Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-En Tang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hui Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lun Huang
- The Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shi-Jye Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Chenggong Road, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Song J, Suh YJ, Lee HJ, Jang EA, Bae HB, Kwak SH. Flecainide Improve Sepsis Induced Acute Lung Injury by Controlling Inflammatory Response. Korean J Crit Care Med 2016. [DOI: 10.4266/kjccm.2016.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
29
|
Inhibition of EphA2/EphrinA1 signal attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:1993-2003. [PMID: 27549114 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Eph-Ephrin signalling mediates various cellular processes, including vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, cell migration, axon guidance, fluid homoeostasis and repair after injury. Although previous studies have demonstrated that stimulation of the EphA receptor induces increased vascular permeability and inflammatory response in lung injury, the detailed mechanisms of EphA2 signalling are unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the role of EphA2 signalling in mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury. Acute LPS exposure significantly up-regulated EphA2 and EphrinA1 expression. Compared with LPS+IgG mice (IgG instillation after LPS exposure), LPS+EphA2 mAb mice [EphA2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) instillation posttreatment after LPS exposure] had attenuated lung injury and reduced cell counts and protein concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). EphA2 mAb posttreatment down-regulated the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) 110γ, phospho-Akt, phospho-NF-κB p65, phospho-Src and phospho-S6K in lung lysates. In addition, inhibiting the EphA2 receptor augmented the expression of E-cadherin, which is involved in cell-cell adhesion. Our study identified EphA2 receptor as an unrecognized modulator of several signalling pathways-including PI3K-Akt-NF-kB, Src-NF-κB, E-cadherin and mTOR-in LPS-induced lung injury. These results suggest that EphA2 receptor inhibitors may function as novel therapeutic agents for LPS-induced lung injury.
Collapse
|
30
|
Morioka S, Nigorikawa K, Sasaki J, Hazeki K, Kasuu Y, Sasaki T, Hazeki O. Myeloid cell-specific inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type I knockout mice impair bacteria clearance in a murine peritonitis model. Innate Immun 2016; 22:444-51. [DOI: 10.1177/1753425916652714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling has been implicated in the anti-inflammatory response in a mouse model of endotoxemia and sepsis. The present study focused on the role of inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type I (Inpp4a), which dephosphorylates PtdIns(3,4)P2 to PtdIns(3)P, in bacterial infections. We prepared myeloid cell-specific Inpp4a-conditional knockout mice. Macrophages from these mice showed increased Akt phosphorylation and reduced production of inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS or Escherichia coli in vitro. The Inpp4a knockout mice survived for a shorter time than wild type mice after i.p. infection with E. coli, with less production of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, E. coli clearance from blood and lung was significantly impaired in the knockout mice. A likely mechanism is that the Inpp4a-catalyzed dephosphorylation of PtdIns(3,4)P2 down-regulates Akt pathways, which, in turn, increases the production of inflammatory mediators. This mechanism at least fits the decreased E. coli clearance and short survival in the Inpp4a knockout mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Morioka
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Nigorikawa
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Junko Sasaki
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kaoru Hazeki
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kasuu
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Osamu Hazeki
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Upon entry to the systemic circulation, neutrophils exhibit a short mean time to cell death. The viability of most cell types in a steady state is preserved by the interplay of the Bcl-2 family of proteins, wherein the anti-apoptotic members inhibit the action of their pro-apoptotic counterparts. Neutrophils, however, display absent or severely reduced expression of several anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. Hence, they rely on the expression of Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, for survival. This protein is uniquely short-lived relative to related proteins and its loss likely precipitates the induction of apoptosis in neutrophils. This review describes the role of Mcl-1 in the neutrophil in the context of apoptosis and highlights the proteins' importance to the cell. We also address neutrophil apoptosis in the broader context of the cells' response to pathogens, focussing particularly on the strategies used by pathogens to manipulate the apoptotic pathway to their own ends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Murphy
- Centre for Microbial-Host Interactions, Institute of Technology Tallaght, Old Blessington Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland,
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Huang X, Dai Z, Cai L, Sun K, Cho J, Albertine KH, Malik AB, Schraufnagel DE, Zhao YY. Endothelial p110γPI3K Mediates Endothelial Regeneration and Vascular Repair After Inflammatory Vascular Injury. Circulation 2016; 133:1093-103. [PMID: 26839042 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.020918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The integrity of endothelial monolayer is a sine qua non for vascular homeostasis and maintenance of tissue-fluid balance. However, little is known about the signaling pathways regulating regeneration of the endothelial barrier after inflammatory vascular injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we demonstrated that endothelial regeneration selectively requires activation of p110γPI3K signaling, which thereby mediates the expression of the endothelial reparative transcription factor Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1). We observed that FoxM1 induction in the pulmonary vasculature was inhibited in mice treated with a p110γ-selective inhibitor and in Pik3cg(-/-) mice after lipopolysaccharide challenge. Pik3cg(-/-) mice exhibited persistent lung inflammation induced by sepsis and sustained increase in vascular permeability. Restoration of expression of either p110γ or FoxM1 in pulmonary endothelial cells of Pik3cg(-/-) mice restored endothelial regeneration and normalized the defective vascular repair program. We also observed diminished expression of p110γ in pulmonary vascular endothelial cells of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, suggesting that impaired p110γ-FoxM1 vascular repair signaling pathway is a critical factor in persistent leaky lung microvessels and edema formation in the disease. CONCLUSIONS We identify p110γ as the critical mediator of endothelial regeneration and vascular repair after sepsis-induced inflammatory injury. Thus, activation of p110γ-FoxM1 endothelial regeneration may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of inflammatory vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Huang
- From Department of Pharmacology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., J.C., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Department of Medicine (D.E.S.), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (K.H.A.)
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- From Department of Pharmacology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., J.C., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Department of Medicine (D.E.S.), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (K.H.A.)
| | - Lei Cai
- From Department of Pharmacology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., J.C., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Department of Medicine (D.E.S.), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (K.H.A.)
| | - Kai Sun
- From Department of Pharmacology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., J.C., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Department of Medicine (D.E.S.), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (K.H.A.)
| | - Jaehyung Cho
- From Department of Pharmacology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., J.C., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Department of Medicine (D.E.S.), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (K.H.A.)
| | - Kurt H Albertine
- From Department of Pharmacology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., J.C., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Department of Medicine (D.E.S.), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (K.H.A.)
| | - Asrar B Malik
- From Department of Pharmacology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., J.C., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Department of Medicine (D.E.S.), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (K.H.A.)
| | - Dean E Schraufnagel
- From Department of Pharmacology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., J.C., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Department of Medicine (D.E.S.), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (K.H.A.)
| | - You-Yang Zhao
- From Department of Pharmacology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., J.C., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (X.H., Z.D., L.C., K.S., A.B.M., Y.-Y.Z.), Department of Medicine (D.E.S.), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (K.H.A.).
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li W, Qiu X, Jiang H, Zhi Y, Fu J, Liu J. Ulinastatin inhibits the inflammation of LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice via regulation of AMPK/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:560-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
34
|
Erythropoietin reduces acute lung injury and multiple organ failure/dysfunction associated to a scald-burn inflammatory injury in the rat. Inflammation 2015; 38:312-26. [PMID: 25270658 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is an endogenous regulator of erythropoiesis and is given exogenously as a replacement therapy for selected red blood cell disorders. In the past years, EPO has been emerging as a multifunctional, cytoprotective cytokine with anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. We aimed to evaluate the cytoprotective effect of rhEPO (recombinant human EPO) treatment on a rat model of multiorgan dysfunction induced by thermal injury. rhEPO was administered at 1000 U/kg (i.v.) 5 min prior to induction of injury and significantly reduced multiorgan dysfunction markers (liver, kidney, lung, serum cytokine levels). In the lung, rhEPO reduced: histological signs of tissue injury, inflammatory/injury markers on the bronchoalveolar fluid, neutrophil chemotaxis/infiltration, GSK-3β activation, and apoptosis. Our study showed that erythropoietin has the potential to exhibit pleiotropic cytoprotective effects and that it might be an interesting pharmacological strategy in the modulation of acute lung injury, such as the one associated to severe burn.
Collapse
|
35
|
Hong JY, Shin MH, Chung KS, Kim EY, Jung JY, Kang YA, Kim YS, Kim SK, Chang J, Park MS. EphA2 Receptor Signaling Mediates Inflammatory Responses in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Injury. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2015; 78:218-26. [PMID: 26175775 PMCID: PMC4499589 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2015.78.3.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Eph receptors and ephrin ligands have several functions including angiogenesis, cell migration, axon guidance, fluid homeostasis, oncogenesis, inflammation and injury repair. The EphA2 receptor potentially mediates the regulation of vascular permeability and inflammation in response to lung injury. Methods Mice were divided into 3 experimental groups to study the role of EphA2 signaling in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury model i.e., IgG+phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group (IgG instillation before PBS exposure), IgG+LPS group (IgG instillation before LPS exposure) and EphA2 monoclonal antibody (mAb)+LPS group (EphA2 mAb pretreatment before LPS exposure). Results EphA2 and ephrinA1 were upregulated in LPS-induced lung injury. The lung injury score of the EphA2 mAb+LPS group was lower than that of the IgG+LPS group (4.30±2.93 vs. 11.45±1.20, respectively; p=0.004). Cell counts (EphA2 mAb+LPS: 11.33×104±8.84×104 vs. IgG+LPS: 208.0×104±122.6×104; p=0.018) and total protein concentrations (EphA2 mAb+LPS: 0.52±0.41 mg/mL vs. IgG+LPS: 1.38±1.08 mg/mL; p=0.192) were decreased in EphA2 mAb+LPS group, as compared to the IgG+LPS group. In addition, EphA2 antagonism reduced the expression of phospho-p85, phosphoinositide 3-kinase 110γ, phospho-Akt, nuclear factor κB, and proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusion This results of the study indicated a role for EphA2-ephrinA1 signaling in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced lung injury. Furthermore, EphA2 antagonism inhibits the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt pathway and attenuates inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Hong
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Hwa Shin
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Chung
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Ye Jung
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ae Kang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sam Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Kyu Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Chang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moo Suk Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Thorpe LM, Yuzugullu H, Zhao JJ. PI3K in cancer: divergent roles of isoforms, modes of activation and therapeutic targeting. Nat Rev Cancer 2015; 15:7-24. [PMID: 25533673 PMCID: PMC4384662 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 933] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are crucial coordinators of intracellular signalling in response to extracellular stimuli. Hyperactivation of PI3K signalling cascades is one of the most common events in human cancers. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in our knowledge of the roles of specific PI3K isoforms in normal and oncogenic signalling, the different ways in which PI3K can be upregulated, and the current state and future potential of targeting this pathway in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Thorpe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Haluk Yuzugullu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jean J. Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Correspondence to J.J.Z. by
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lupia E, Pigozzi L, Goffi A, Hirsch E, Montrucchio G. Role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:15190-15199. [PMID: 25386068 PMCID: PMC4223253 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i41.15190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A large body of experimental and clinical data supports the notion that inflammation in acute pancreatitis has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of local and systemic damage and is a major determinant of clinical severity. Thus, research has recently focused on molecules that can regulate the inflammatory processes, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), a family of lipid and protein kinases involved in intracellular signal transduction. Studies using genetic ablation or pharmacologic inhibitors of different PI3K isoforms, in particular the class I PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ, have contributed to a greater understanding of the roles of these kinases in the modulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Recent data suggest that PI3Ks are also involved in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway, and in particular of the class IB PI3Kγ isoform, has a significant role in those events which are necessary for the initiation of acute pancreatic injury, namely calcium signaling alteration, trypsinogen activation, and nuclear factor-κB transcription. Moreover, PI3Kγ is instrumental in modulating acinar cell apoptosis, and regulating local neutrophil infiltration and systemic inflammatory responses during the course of experimental acute pancreatitis. The availability of PI3K inhibitors selective for specific isoforms may provide new valuable therapeutic strategies to improve the clinical course of this disease. This article presents a brief summary of PI3K structure and function, and highlights recent advances that implicate PI3Ks in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.
Collapse
|
38
|
Li W, Ma K, Zhang S, Zhang H, Liu J, Wang X, Li S. Pulmonary microRNA expression profiling in an immature piglet model of cardiopulmonary bypass-induced acute lung injury. Artif Organs 2014; 39:327-35. [PMID: 25347932 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
After surgery performed under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), severe lung injury often occurs in infants. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potentially involved in diverse pathophysiological processes via regulation of gene expression. The objective of this study was to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs and their potential target genes in immature piglet lungs in response to CPB. Fourteen piglets aged 18.6 ± 0.5 days were equally divided into two groups that underwent sham sternotomy or CPB. The duration of aortic cross-clamping was 2 h, followed by 2 h reperfusion. Lung injury was evaluated by lung function indices, levels of cytokines, and histological changes. We applied miRNA microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis to determine miRNA expression. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used for validation of predicted mRNA targets. The deterioration of lung function and histopathological changes revealed the piglets' lungs were greatly impaired due to CPB. The levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and interleukin 10 increased in the lung tissue after CPB. Using miRNA microarray, statistically significant differences were found in the levels of 16 miRNAs in the CPB group. Up-regulation of miR-21 was verified by PCR. We also observed down-regulation in the levels of miR-127, miR-145, and miR-204, which were correlated with increases in the expression of the products of their potential target genes PIK3CG, PTGS2, ACE, and IL6R in the CPB group, suggesting a potential role for miRNA in the regulation of inflammatory response. Our results show that CPB induces severe lung injury and dynamic changes in miRNA expression in piglet lungs. Moreover, the changes in miRNA levels and target gene expression may provide a basis for understanding the pathogenesis of CPB-induced injury to immature lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Li
- Center of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li X, Liu Y, Wang L, Li Z, Ma X. Unfractionated heparin attenuates LPS-induced IL-8 secretion via PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in human endothelial cells. Immunobiology 2014; 220:399-405. [PMID: 25454806 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is largely used as anti-thrombotic drug. While UFH has been shown to suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, intracellular upstream events that cause NF-κB down-regulation in response to UFH remain unclear. Thus, we investigated the involvement of phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase (PI3K)/Akt in the inhibition of LPS-activated NF-κB pathway by UFH in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). Pretreatment with UFH (0.1-1U/ml) significantly inhibited LPS (10μg/ml)-stimulated interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production in HPMECs. LPS activated Akt and NF-κB, whereas UFH suppresses LPS-induced Akt phosphorylation and NF-κB nuclear translocation, which were required for IL-6 and IL-8 gene transcription. Inhibition studies by using wortmannin abrogated NF-κB-mediated IL-6 and IL-8 expression, suggesting the requirement of PI3K/Akt pathway. Our data provided the first evidence that UFH might repress LPS-activated PI3K/Akt pathway, leading to inhibitory effect of NF-κB activation with diminished IL-6 and IL-8 expression in HPMECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Bei-er Road 92, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Yina Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Bei-er Road 92, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Bei-er Road 92, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Bei-er Road 92, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Xiaochun Ma
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Bei-er Road 92, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cho JS, Kang JH, Park IH, Lee HM. Steroids inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor expression via TLR4/Akt/NF-κB pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:913-921. [DOI: 10.1177/1535370214537742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is elevated in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Steroids have anti-inflammatory properties and are ideal candidates for treating chronic inflammatory airways. The aims of this study were to identify the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of steroids on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced VEGF expression in nasal polyps. Nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts (NPDFs) were stimulated with LPS alone or with both LPS and steroids were used to determine the expression levels of toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 ( MyD88), and VEGF by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). VEGF protein level was analyzed by immunocytochemical staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) for TLR4 was transfected to down-regulate TLR4 expression. Activation of Akt and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway on VEGF expression was determined by Western blot analysis, immunocytochemical staining, and ELISA. Nasal polyp organ cultures were stimulated with LPS alone or in conjunction with steroids or LPS-RS (TLR4 inhibitor) and accessed the expression of VEGF. Steroids decreased the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, and VEGF mRNA and VEGF protein in LPS-stimulated NPDFs. Steroids inhibited LPS-induced VEGF expression levels in dose-dependent manner. The suppression of TLR4 transcription by siRNA treatment reduced LPS-induced expression of both TLR4 and VEGF in NPDFs. Furthermore, steroids inhibited the production of VEGF by blocking Akt and NF-κB activation and preventing with NF-κB translocation. Also, steroid and TLR4 inhibitor decreased VEGF expression in nasal polyp organ cultures. These results indicate that steroids inhibit LPS-induced VEGF expression through the TLR4/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Sun Cho
- Biomedical Science, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
- Institute for Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
| | - Ju-Hyung Kang
- Biomedical Science, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
| | - Il-Ho Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
| | - Heung-Man Lee
- Biomedical Science, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
- Institute for Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang X, Luo F, Zhao H. Paraquat-induced reactive oxygen species inhibit neutrophil apoptosis via a p38 MAPK/NF-κB-IL-6/TNF-α positive-feedback circuit. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93837. [PMID: 24714343 PMCID: PMC3979731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ), a widely used herbicide and potent reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer, can injure multiple tissues and organs, especially the lung. However, the underlying mechanism is still poorly understood. According to previous reports, neutrophil aggregation and excessive ROS production might play pivotal pathogenetic roles. In the present study, we found that PQ could prolong neutrophil lifespan and induce ROS generation in a concentration-independent manner. Activated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), p38 mitogen-activated kinase (p38 MAPK), and myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1) but not Akt signaling pathways were involved in this process, as well as increasing levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-1β. Furthermore, the proinflammatory mediators IL-6 and TNF-α could in turn promote ROS generation, creating a vicious cycle. The existence of such a feedback loop is supported by our finding that neutrophil apoptosis is attenuated by PQ in a concentration-independent manner and could partially explain the clinical dilemma why oxygen therapy will exacerbate PQ induced tissue injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wang
- Emergency department, the 2nd affiliated hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuling Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hengguang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yang JCS, Wu SC, Rau CS, Lu TH, Wu YC, Chen YC, Lin MW, Tzeng SL, Wu CJ, Hsieh CH. Inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway decreases innate resistance to lipopolysaccharide toxicity in TLR4 deficient mice. J Biomed Sci 2014; 21:20. [PMID: 24618279 PMCID: PMC3995796 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-21-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, activation of both the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways serves to balance proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. Although the antagonist to TLR4 represents an emerging promising target for the treatment of sepsis; however, the role of the PI3K pathway under TLR4-null conditions is not well understood. This goal of this study was to investigate the effect of inhibition of PI3K on innate resistance to LPS toxicity in a murine model. Results The overall survival of the cohorts receiving intraperitoneal injections of 100, 500, or 1000 μg LPS from Escherichia coli serotype 026:B6 after 7 d was 100%, 10%, and 10%, respectively. In contrast, no mortality was noted after 500-μg LPS injection in Tlr4-/- mice. When the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 was injected (1 mg/25 g body weight) 1 h prior to the administration of LPS, the overall survival of the Tlr4-/- mice was 30%. In the Tlr4-/- mice, the LPS injection induced no NF-κB activation but an increased Akt phosphorylation in the lung and liver, when compared to that of the C57BL/6 mice. Injection of 500 μg LPS led to a significant induction in O2- detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping spectroscopy in the lung and liver at 3 and 6 h in C57BL/6 but not Tlr4-/- mice. Addition of LY294002 only significantly increased the O2- level in the lung and liver of the Tlr4-/- mice but not in the C57BL/6 mice following 500-μg LPS injection. In addition, the serum IL-1β and IL-2 levels were more elevated in C57BL/6 mice than in Tlr4-/- mice. Notably, IL-1β and IL-2 were significantly increased in Tlr4-/- mice but not in the C57BL/6 mice when the PI3K pathway was inhibited by LY294002 prior to LPS injection. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate that innate resistance to LPS toxicity in Tlr4-/- mice is impaired by inhibition of the PI3K pathway, with a corresponding increase in mortality and production of tissue O2- and inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ching-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No,123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City 833, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is, by definition, the application of external forces to the lungs. Depending on their magnitude, these forces can cause a continuum of pathophysiological alterations ranging from the stimulation of inflammation to the disruption of cell-cell contacts and cell membranes. These side effects of MV are particularly relevant for patients with inhomogeneously injured lungs such as in acute lung injury (ALI). These patients require supraphysiological ventilation pressures to guarantee even the most modest gas exchange. In this situation, ventilation causes additional strain by overdistension of the yet non-injured region, and additional stress that forms because of the interdependence between intact and atelectatic areas. Cells are equipped with elaborate mechanotransduction machineries that respond to strain and stress by the activation of inflammation and repair mechanisms. Inflammation is the fundamental response of the host to external assaults, be they of mechanical or of microbial origin and can, if excessive, injure the parenchymal tissue leading to ALI. Here, we will discuss the forces generated by MV and how they may injure the lungs mechanically and through inflammation. We will give an overview of the mechanotransduction and how it leads to inflammation and review studies demonstrating that ventilator-induced lung injury can be prevented by blocking pathways of mechanotransduction or inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Uhlig
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Parker JC. Acute lung injury and pulmonary vascular permeability: use of transgenic models. Compr Physiol 2013; 1:835-82. [PMID: 23737205 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury is a general term that describes injurious conditions that can range from mild interstitial edema to massive inflammatory tissue destruction. This review will cover theoretical considerations and quantitative and semi-quantitative methods for assessing edema formation and increased vascular permeability during lung injury. Pulmonary edema can be quantitated directly using gravimetric methods, or indirectly by descriptive microscopy, quantitative morphometric microscopy, altered lung mechanics, high-resolution computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, or x-ray films. Lung vascular permeability to fluid can be evaluated by measuring the filtration coefficient (Kf) and permeability to solutes evaluated from their blood to lung clearances. Albumin clearances can then be used to calculate specific permeability-surface area products (PS) and reflection coefficients (σ). These methods as applied to a wide variety of transgenic mice subjected to acute lung injury by hyperoxic exposure, sepsis, ischemia-reperfusion, acid aspiration, oleic acid infusion, repeated lung lavage, and bleomycin are reviewed. These commonly used animal models simulate features of the acute respiratory distress syndrome, and the preparation of genetically modified mice and their use for defining specific pathways in these disease models are outlined. Although the initiating events differ widely, many of the subsequent inflammatory processes causing lung injury and increased vascular permeability are surprisingly similar for many etiologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James C Parker
- Department of Physiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Shen J, Fu G, Jiang L, Xu J, Li L, Fu G. Effect of dexmedetomidine pretreatment on lung injury following intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. Exp Ther Med 2013; 6:1359-1364. [PMID: 24255662 PMCID: PMC3829760 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion injury is tissue damage caused by the re-supply of blood following a period of ischemia in tissues. Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an extremely common clinical event associated with distant organ injury. The intestine serves as the initial organ of multi-system organ dysfunction syndrome. It is extremely important to identify a method to protect against IRI, as it is a key factor associated with morbidity and mortality in patients. In the present study, the protective effects of pretreatment with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride were investigated. Rats were divided into six groups and models of intestinal ischemia were created in the five groups. Certain groups were pretreated with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in order to evaluate the injury. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to visualize the damage. qPCR and western blotting were performed to examine the inflammatory status. Pretreatment with various doses of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride significantly reduced the pathological scores and the inflammatory reaction. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, TLR4 and MyD88 were decreased in the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride treatment groups compared with those in the sham control and untreated ischemia reperfusion groups. The results of the present study indicate that pretreatment with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride may be a useful method of reducing the damage caused by IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
EGF-induced bronchial epithelial cells drive neutrophil chemotactic and anti-apoptotic activity in asthma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72502. [PMID: 24039773 PMCID: PMC3770689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic damage and repair of the bronchial epithelium are features of asthma. We have previously reported that ex vivo stimulation of normal bronchial epithelial cells with epidermal growth factor (EGF), a key factor of epithelial repair, enhances the mechanisms of neutrophil accumulation, thereby promoting neutrophil defences during acute injury but potentially enhancing inflammation in chronic airway diseases. We have now sought to (i) determine whether this EGF-dependent pro-neutrophil activity is increased in asthma, where EGF and its epithelial receptor are over-expressed, and (ii) elucidate some of the mechanisms underlying this asthmatic epithelial-neutrophil interaction. Primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) from healthy subjects, mild asthmatics and moderate-to-severe asthmatics (Mod/Sev) were stimulated with EGF, a model that mimics a repairing epithelium. Conditioned culture media (EGF-CM) were assessed for neutrophil chemotactic and anti-apoptotic activities and inflammatory mediator production. EGF induced the epithelium to produce soluble mediators with neutrophil chemotactic (p<0.001) and pro-survival (p = 0.021) activities which were related to the clinical severity of asthma (trend p = 0.010 and p = 0.009, respectively). This was associated with enhanced IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF and TNF-α release, and cytokine-neutralising experiments using EGF-CM from Mod/Sev asthmatics demonstrated a role for GM-CSF in neutrophil survival (p<0.001). Pre-treatment of neutrophils with specific inhibitors of the myeloid-restricted class I phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K) isoforms showed that the EGF-CM from Mod/Sev asthmatics depended on the γ (p<0.021) but not δ isoforms, while neutrophil survival required multiple class I PI(3)Ks. The EGF-induced chemotactic, but not pro-survival activity, involved RhoA signaling in neutrophils (p = 0.012). EGF whose activity is upregulated in asthma induces ex vivo the epithelium from asthmatic patients to produce pro-neutrophil activities; these are related to asthma severity and, in moderate-to-severe asthmatics, involves class IB PI(3)Kγ signaling, providing a potential therapeutic target for neutrophilic forms of asthma.
Collapse
|
47
|
Sauchinone, a lignan from Saururus chinensis, attenuates neutrophil pro-inflammatory activity and acute lung injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 17:471-7. [PMID: 23928505 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that sauchinone modulates the expression of inflammatory mediators through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in various cell types. However, little information exists about the effect of sauchinone on neutrophils, which play a crucial role in inflammatory process such as acute lung injury (ALI). We found that sauchinone decreased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine bone marrow neutrophils, but not ERK1/2 and JNK. Exposure of LPS-stimulated neutrophils to sauchinone or SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, diminished production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 compared to neutrophils cultured with LPS. Treatment with sauchinone decreased the level of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) in LPS-stimulated neutrophils. Systemic administration of sauchinone to mice led to reduced levels of phosphorylation of p38 and rpS6 in mice lungs given LPS, decreased TNF-α and MIP-2 production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and also diminished the severity of LPS-induced lung injury, as determined by reduced neutrophil accumulation in the lungs, wet/dry weight ratio, and histological analysis. These results suggest that sauchinone diminishes LPS-induced neutrophil activation and ALI.
Collapse
|
48
|
Liu G, Bi Y, Wang R, Shen B, Zhang Y, Yang H, Wang X, Liu H, Lu Y, Han F. Kinase AKT1 negatively controls neutrophil recruitment and function in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:2680-90. [PMID: 23904165 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are critically involved in host defense and inflammatory injury. However, intrinsic signaling mechanisms controlling neutrophil recruitment and activities are poorly defined. In this article, we showed that protein kinase AKT1 (also known as PKBα) is the dominant isoform expressed in neutrophils and is downregulated upon bacterial infection and neutrophil activation. AKT1 deficiency resulted in severe disease progression accompanied by recruitment of neutrophils and enhanced bactericidal activity in the acute inflammatory lung injury (ALI) and the Staphylococcus aureus infection mouse models. Moreover, the depletion of neutrophils efficiently reversed the aggravated inflammatory response, but adoptive transfer of AKT1(-/-) neutrophils could potentiate the inflammatory immunity, indicating an intrinsic effect of the neutrophil in modulating inflammation in AKT1(-/-) mice. In the ALI model, the infiltration of neutrophils into the inflammatory site was associated with enhanced migration capacity, whereas inflammatory stimuli could promote neutrophil apoptosis. In accordance with these findings, neutralization of CXCR2 attenuated neutrophil infiltration and delayed the occurrence of inflammation. Finally, the enhanced bactericidal activity and inflammatory immunity of AKT-deficient neutrophils were mediated by a STAT1-dependent, but not a mammalian target of rapamycin-dependent, pathway. Thus, our findings indicated that the AKT1-STAT1 signaling axis negatively regulates neutrophil recruitment and activation in ALI and S. aureus infection in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Liu
- Department of Immunology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200023, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fang X, Li K, Tao X, Chen C, Wang X, Wang L, Wang DC, Zhang Y, Bai C, Wang X. Effects of phosphoinositide 3-kinase on protease-induced acute and chronic lung inflammation, remodeling, and emphysema in rats. Chest 2013. [PMID: 23188423 DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) plays an important role in tissue inflammatory reactions and fibrotic processes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential mechanism and therapeutic effects of PI3K inhibitor on pancreatic elastase (PE)-induced acute and chronic lung inflammation, edema, and injury. METHODS Rats were terminated at 7 or 28 days after an intratracheal challenge with PE and intranasal instillation with a PI3K inhibitor, SHBM1009. Alterations of airway epithelial cells and myofibroblasts were studied in vitro. MEASUREMENTS Lung inflammation, edema, and injury; emphysema; and tissue remodeling were measured after PE instillation with or without treatment with PI3K inhibitor and budesonide. Cellular biologic functions were monitored. RESULTS SHBM1009 could prevent PE-induced acute lung inflammation, edema, and injury, and chronic lung inflammation, remodeling, and emphysema. Different patterns of inhibitory effects of SHBM1009 and BEZ235, a dual PI3K/mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor, on PE-challenged epithelial cells were observed. PE per se reduced epithelial cell proliferation and stability through the inhibition of cell division rather than promoting cell death, in dose- and time-dependent patterns. Effects of PI3K inhibitors on cells were associated with the severity of PE challenges. CONCLUSIONS PI3K plays a critical role in the development of acute and chronic lung injury, including the process of tissue remodeling and emphysema. PI3K inhibitors could be new therapeutic alternatives for chronic lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Fang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ka Li
- Biomedical Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Tao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Wenzhou Medical College and The First Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Biomedical Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Diane C Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biomedical Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxue Bai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biomedical Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Resolution of inflammation: mechanisms and opportunity for drug development. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 139:189-212. [PMID: 23583354 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a beneficial host reaction to tissue damage and has the essential primary purpose of restoring tissue homeostasis. Inflammation plays a major role in containing and resolving infection and may also occur under sterile conditions. The cardinal signs of inflammation dolor, calor, tumor and rubor are intrinsically associated with events including vasodilatation, edema and leukocyte trafficking into the site of inflammation. If uncontrolled or unresolved, inflammation itself can lead to further tissue damage and give rise to chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmunity with eventual loss of organ function. It is now evident that the resolution of inflammation is an active continuous process that occurs during an acute inflammatory episode. Successful resolution requires activation of endogenous programs with switch from production of pro-inflammatory towards pro-resolving molecules, such as specific lipid mediators and annexin A1, and the non-phlogistic elimination of granulocytes by apoptosis with subsequent removal by surrounding macrophages. These processes ensure rapid restoration of tissue homeostasis. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of resolution of inflammation, highlighting the pharmacological strategies that may interfere with the molecular pathways which control leukocyte survival and clearance. Such strategies have proved beneficial in several pre-clinical models of inflammatory diseases, suggesting that pharmacological modulation of the resolution process may be useful for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases in humans.
Collapse
|