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van Kraaij SJW, Hamblin MR, Pickering G, Giannokopoulos B, Kechemir H, Heinz M, Igracki-Turudic I, Yavuz Y, Rissmann R, Gal P. A Phase 1 randomized, open-label clinical trial to evaluate the effect of a far-infrared emitting patch on local skin perfusion, microcirculation and oxygenation. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14962. [PMID: 37950549 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Far-infrared radiation (FIR) has been investigated for reduction of pain and improvement of dermal blood flow. The FIRTECH patch is a medical device designed to re-emit FIR radiated by the body. This phase 1 study was conducted to evaluate the local effects of the FIRTECH patch on local skin perfusion, microcirculation and oxygenation. This prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel designed study admitted 20 healthy participants to a medical research facility for treatment for 31 h on three anatomical locations. During treatment, imaging assessments consisting of laser speckle contrast imaging, near-infrared spectroscopy, side-stream dark-field microscopy, multispectral imaging and thermography were conducted regularly on patch-treated skin and contralateral non-treated skin. The primary endpoint was baseline perfusion increase during treatment on the upper back. Secondary endpoints included change in baseline perfusion, oxygen consumption and temperature of treated versus untreated areas. The primary endpoint was not statistically significantly different between treated and non-treated areas. The secondary endpoints baseline perfusion on the forearm (least square means [LSMs] difference 2.63 PU, 95% CI: 0.97, 4.28), oxygen consumption (LSMs difference: 0.42 arbitrary units [AUs], 95% CI: 0.04, 0.81) and skin temperature (LSMs difference 0.35°C, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.6) were statistically significantly higher in treated areas. Adverse events observed during the study were mild and transient. The vascular response to the FIRTECH patch was short-lived suggesting a non-thermal vasodilatory effect of the patch. The FIRTECH patch was well tolerated, with mild and transient adverse events observed during the study. These results support the therapeutic potential of FIR in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan J W van Kraaij
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Gisele Pickering
- Clinical Investigation Center CIC Inserm 1405, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Moritz Heinz
- Research & Development, Sanofi, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | | | - Yalçin Yavuz
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Rissmann
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Pim Gal
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Kyselovic J, Masarik J, Kechemir H, Koscova E, Turudic II, Hamblin MR. Physical properties and biological effects of ceramic materials emitting infrared radiation for pain, muscular activity, and musculoskeletal conditions. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2023; 39:3-15. [PMID: 35510621 PMCID: PMC10084378 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 33% of the general population worldwide suffer musculoskeletal conditions, with low back pain being the single leading cause of disability globally. Multimodal therapeutic options are available to relieve the pain associated with muscular disorders, including physical, complementary, and pharmacological therapies. However, existing interventions are not disease modifying and have several limitations. METHOD Literature review. RESULTS In this context, the use of nonthermal infrared light delivered via patches, fabrics, and garments containing infrared-emitting bioceramic minerals have been investigated. Positive effects on muscular cells, muscular recovery, and reduced inflammation and pain have been reported both in preclinical and clinical studies. There are several hypotheses on how infrared may contribute to musculoskeletal pain relief, however, the full mechanism of action remains unclear. This article provides an overview of the physical characteristics of infrared radiation and its biological effects, focusing on those that could potentially explain the mechanism of action responsible for the relief of musculoskeletal pain. CONCLUSIONS Based on the current evidence, the following pathways have been considered: upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, increase in nitric oxide bioavailability, anti-inflammatory effects, and reduction in oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kyselovic
- Clinical Research Unit, 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jozef Masarik
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics, and Informatics, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Hayet Kechemir
- Consumer Healthcare Medical Affairs Department, Sanofi CHC, Paris, France
| | - Eva Koscova
- Consumer Healthcare Medical Affairs Department, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iva Igracki Turudic
- Consumer Healthcare Medical Affairs Department, Sanofi CHC, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Richard Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Infrared Radiation in the Management of Musculoskeletal Conditions and Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:334-343. [PMID: 35323210 PMCID: PMC8946909 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrared radiation (IR) is a promising complementary treatment for musculoskeletal conditions and chronic pain. By means of a systematic review, we evaluated the contribution of IR to the management of these ailments. PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library–Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched until 20 December 2021. The literature search yielded 233 relevant records. Following the screening of titles and abstracts, 42 full-texts were evaluated. As per inclusion/exclusion criteria, 13 publications were entered into the qualitative assessment. These studies described the effects of IR in humans: three studies focused on osteoarthritis, four studies on fibromyalgia, and six encompassed a wider range of diseases (ankylosing spondylitis, recovery from sports injuries, myofascial pain syndrome). Based on the findings of our systematic review, we noted a decrease in pain levels, as evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS), in patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders treated with IR. In addition, IR use led to a decrease in Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FiQ) scores in subjects diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Nevertheless, IR has failed to facilitate muscle recovery following athletic injuries.
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Coelho TM, Nunes RFH, Nakamura FY, Duffield R, Serpa MC, da Silva JF, Carminatt LJ, Cidral-Filho FJ, Goldim MP, Mathias K, Petronilho F, Martins DF, Guglielmo LGA. Post-Match Recovery in Soccer with Far-Infrared Emitting Ceramic Material or Cold-Water Immersion. J Sports Sci Med 2021; 20:732-742. [PMID: 35321145 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2021.732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of two common recovery methods; far-infrared emitting ceramic materials (Bioceramic) or cold-water immersion on muscular function and damage after a soccer match. Twenty-five university-level soccer players were randomized into Bioceramic (BIO; n = 8), Cold-water immersion (CWI; n = 9), or Control (CON; n = 8) groups. Heart rate [HR], rating of perceived exertion [RPE], and activity profile through Global Positioning Satellite Systems were measured during the match. Biochemical (thiobarbituric acid reactive species [TBARS], superoxide dismutase [SOD], creatine kinase [CK], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]), neuromuscular (countermovement [CMJ] and squat jump [SJ], sprints [20-m]), and perceptual markers (delayed-onset muscle soreness [DOMS], and the perceived recovery scale [PRS]) were assessed at pre, post, 24 h, and 48 h post-match. One-way ANOVA was used to compare anthropometric and match performance data. A two-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests compared the timeline of recovery measures. No significant differences existed between groups for anthropometric or match load measures (P > 0.05). Significant post-match increases were observed in SOD, and decreases in TBARS in all groups (p < 0.05), without differences between conditions (p > 0.05). Significant increases in CK, LDH, quadriceps and hamstring DOMS (p < 0.05), as well as decreases in 20-m, SJ, CMJ, and PRS were observed post-match in all groups (p < 0.05), without significant differences between conditions (p > 0.05). Despite the expected post-match muscle damage and impaired performance, neither Bioceramic nor CWI interventions improved post-match recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago M Coelho
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Renan F H Nunes
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabio Y Nakamura
- Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Rob Duffield
- Sport & Exercise Discipline Group, University of Technology (UTS), Moore Park, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marília C Serpa
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Juliano F da Silva
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Lorival J Carminatt
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Health Sciences and Sports Center, University of the State of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Cidral-Filho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosciences and Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Goldim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosciences and Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniel F Martins
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosciences and Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiz G A Guglielmo
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Chen X, Zhang H, Zeng W, Wang N, Lo HH, Ip CK, Yang LJ, Hsiao WW, Sin WM, Xia C, Law BYK, Wong VKW. Far infrared irradiation suppresses experimental arthritis in rats by down-regulation of genes involved inflammatory response and autoimmunity. J Adv Res 2021; 38:107-118. [PMID: 35572409 PMCID: PMC9091720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FIR treatment improved adjuvant arthritis in rats. FIR exposure inhibited the inflammatory genes expression of synovial tissues in AIA rats. FIR exposure down-regulated inflammatory genes expression mainly through transcription factors AP-1, CEBPα, CEBPβ, c-Fos, GR, HNF-3β, USF-1, and USF-2. FIR irradiation may exhibit anti-arthritic effects through inactivation of the MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and NF-κB signaling pathways.
Introduction Objectives Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR China
| | - Wu Zeng
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR China
| | - Nick Wang
- Nick Wang Technology Limited, TML Tower, 3 Hoi Shing Road, Tsuen Wan, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hang Hong Lo
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR China
| | - Chi Kio Ip
- School of Life & Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Li Jun Yang
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR China
| | - W.L. Wendy Hsiao
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR China
| | - Wai Man Sin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kiang Wu Hospital, Macau, SAR China
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR China
- Corresponding authors at: Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, SAR China.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR China
- Corresponding authors at: Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, SAR China.
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Peng TC, Chang SP, Chi LM, Lin LM. The effectiveness of far-infrared irradiation on foot skin surface temperature and heart rate variability in healthy adults over 50 years of age: A randomized study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23366. [PMID: 33327260 PMCID: PMC7738146 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Far-infrared irradiation (FIR) is used in the medical field to improve wound healing, hemodialysis with peripheral artery occlusive disease, and osteoarthritis but seldom used in ameliorating poor lower extremity circulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of FIR on changes in foot skin surface temperature (FSST) and autonomic nerve system (ANS) activity to evaluate its effectiveness in improving lower limb circulation. METHODS A randomized controlled study was conducted. Subjects (n = 44), all over the age of 50 years and satisfying the inclusion criteria, were randomly allocated into 2 groups. The intervention group received FIR on a lower limb for 40 minutes and the control group received no intervention. Left big toe (LBT), right big toe (RBT), left foot dorsal (LFD), right foot dorsal (RFD) surface skin temperature, autonomic nervous activity, and blood pressure were assessed. RESULTS The main results were skin surface temperature at the LBT increased from 30.8 ± 0.4°C to 34.8 ± 0.4°C, at RBT increased from 29.6 ± 0.4°C to 35.3 ± 0.4°C and LFD increased from 31.9 ± 0.3°C to 36.4 ± 0.4°C, RFD increased from 30.7 ± 0.3°C to 37.7 ± 0.2°C. FIR caused a significant increase of the FSST ranging in a 4°C to 7°C increase after 40 minutes irradiation (P < .001). The ANS low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) activity showed a statistically significant increase in the FIR group (P < .05) but not the LF/HF ratio. CONCLUSION FIR significantly increased the FSST from between 4°C and 7°C after 40 minutes irradiation, which might improve lower extremity circulation and regulation of ANS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Su-Ping Chang
- Unit of Infection Control and Management, Tzu Chi Hospital
| | - Lee-Mei Chi
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology
| | - Li-Mei Lin
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Nunes RFH, Cidral-Filho FJ, Flores LJF, Nakamura FY, Rodriguez HFM, Bobinski F, De Sousa A, Petronilho F, Danielski LG, Martins MM, Martins DF, Guglielmo LGA. Effects of Far-Infrared Emitting Ceramic Materials on Recovery During 2-Week Preseason of Elite Futsal Players. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:235-248. [PMID: 30113919 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nunes, RFH, Cidral-Filho, FJ, Flores, LJF, Nakamura, FY, Rodriguez, HFM, Bobinski, F, De Sousa, A, Petronilho, F, Danielski, LG, Martins, MM, Martins, DF, and Guglielmo, LGA. Effects of far-infrared emitting ceramic materials on recovery during 2-week preseason of elite futsal players. J Strength Cond Res 34(1): 235-248, 2020-We investigated the effects of far-infrared emitting ceramic materials (cFIR) during overnight sleep on neuromuscular, biochemical and perceptual markers in futsal players. Twenty athletes performed a 2-week preseason training program and during sleep wore bioceramic (BIO; n = 10) or placebo pants (PL; n = 10). Performance (countermovement jump [CMJ]; squat jump [SJ]; sprints 5, 10, and 15-m) and biochemical markers (tumor necrosis factor alpha-TNF-α, interleukin 10-IL-10, thiobarbituric acid-reactive species [TBARS], carbonyl, superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT]) were obtained at baseline and after the 1st and 2nd week of training. Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and training strain were monitored throughout. Changes in ΔCMJ and ΔSJ were possibly (60/36/4 [week-1]) and likely (76/22/2 [week-2]) higher in BIO. Both groups were faster in 5-m sprint in week 2 compared with baseline (p = 0.015), furthermore, BIO was likely faster in 10-m sprint (3/25/72 [week 1]). Significant group × time interaction in %ΔTNF-α were observed (p = 0.024 [week-1]; p = 0.021 [week-2]) with values possibly (53/44/3 [week 1]) and likely (80/19/1 [week 2]) higher in BIO. The %ΔIL-10 decreased across weeks compared with baseline (p = 0.019 [week-1]; p = 0.026 [week-2]), showing values likely higher in BIO (81/16/3 [week-1]; 80/17/3 [week-2]). Significant weekly increases in %ΔTBARS (p = 0.001 [week-1]; p = 0.011 [week-2]) and %ΔCarbonyl (p = 0.002 [week-1]; p < 0.001 [week-2]) were observed compared with baseline, showing likely (91/5/4 [week-1]) and possibly (68/30/2 [week-2]) higher changes in BIO. Significant weekly decreases in %ΔSOD were observed compared with baseline (p = 0.046 [week 1]; p = 0.011 [week-2]), and between week 2 and week 1 (p = 0.021), in addition to significant decreases in %ΔCAT compared with baseline (p = 0.070 [week 1]; p = 0.012 [week 2]). Training strain (p = 0.021; very -likely [0/2/98]; week 1) and DOMS was lower in BIO (likely; 7 sessions) with differences over time (p = 0.001). The results suggest that the daily use of cFIR clothing could facilitate recovery, especially on perceptual markers during the early phases of an intensive training period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan F H Nunes
- Departament of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Cidral-Filho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosciences and Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lucinar J F Flores
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Western Parana, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabio Y Nakamura
- The College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. d'annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, Pescara, Italy
| | | | - Franciane Bobinski
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosciences and Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Amanda De Sousa
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosciences and Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lucineia G Danielski
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maryane M Martins
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel F Martins
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosciences and Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luiz G A Guglielmo
- Departament of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Effects of the use of bioceramic wraps in patients with lower limb venous ulcers: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2019; 18:26-34. [PMID: 31818694 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous ulcer represents the most advanced stage of chronic venous insufficiency. It is an important public health problem and has a significant impact on patients' quality of life due to chronic pain, inability to work, need for hospitalization and frequent outpatient follow-up. OBJECTIVE We investigated the treatment benefits of far-infrared ceramic (cFIR), in a 90-day study of lower limb venous ulcers and looked at ulcer healing scores, quality of life, serum bio-markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense enzymes. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS This is a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study conducted in the Vascular Surgery Service of a hospital located in the northwest region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We included patients with lower limb venous ulcers who were randomized to use either a bioceramics wrap or a placebo wrap for 90 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The following evaluations were conducted at baseline and after 15, 30, 60 and 90 days: ulcer healing score, quality of life, and serum markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity. RESULTS Patients (n = 24) with lower limb venous ulcers were randomized into two treatment groups. cFIR decreased the ulcer size on day 30 (P = 0.042) and 90 (P = 0.034) and the total ulcer healing scale scores on day 30 (P = 0.049) and 90 (P = 0.02) of the treatment, when compared to baseline. Additionally, cFIR improved tissue type (epithelial tissue) on day 60 (P = 0.022) when compared to baseline evaluation. CONCLUSION cFIR clinically improved ulcer healing in patients with lower limb venous ulcers. TRIAL REGISTRATION RBR-8c7xzn on ReBEC.
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Effects of Far-Infrared Emitting Ceramic Material Clothing on Recovery after Maximal Eccentric Exercise. J Hum Kinet 2019; 70:135-144. [PMID: 31915483 PMCID: PMC6942487 DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2019-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether Far-Infrared Emitting Ceramic Materials worn as Bioceramic pants would improve neuromuscular performance, biochemical and perceptual markers in healthy individuals after maximal eccentric exercise. Twenty-two moderately active men were randomized into Bioceramic (n = 11) or Placebo (n = 11) groups. To induce muscle damage, three sets of 30 maximal isokinetic eccentric contractions of the quadriceps were performed at 60°·s-1. Participants wore the bioceramic or placebo pants for 2 hours immediately following the protocol, and then again for 2 hours prior to each subsequent testing session at 24, 48 and 72 hours post. Plasma creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activity, delayed-onset muscle soreness, perceived recovery status, and maximal voluntary contraction were measured pre-exercise and 2, 24, 48, and 72 hours post-exercise. Eccentric exercise induced muscle damage as evident in significant increases in delayed-onset muscle soreness at 24 - 72 hours (p < 0.05) and creatine kinase between Pre to 2, 24, 48 and 72 hours (p < 0.05). Despite the increased delayed-onset muscle soreness and creatine kinase values, no effect of Bioceramic was evident (p > 0.05). Furthermore, decreases in maximal voluntary contraction between Pre and immediately, 2, 24, 48 and 72 hours post (p < 0.05) were reported. However, the standardized difference was moderate lower for lactate dehydrogenase at 24 h (ES = 0.50), but higher at 48 h (ES = -0.58) in the Bioceramic compared to the Placebo group. Despite inducing muscle damage, the daily use of Far-Infrared Emitting Ceramic Materials clothing over 72 hours did not facilitate recovery after maximal eccentric exercise.
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Far-Infrared-Emitting Sericite Board Upregulates Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity through Increasing Biosynthesis of Tetrahydrobiopterin in Endothelial Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1813282. [PMID: 31781259 PMCID: PMC6875339 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1813282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Far-infrared ray (FIR) therapy has been reported to exert beneficial effects on cardiovascular function by elevating endothelial nitric oxide synthesis (eNOS) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is a key determinant of eNOS-dependent NO synthesis in vascular endothelial cells. However, whether BH4 synthesis is associated with the effects of FIR on eNOS/NO production has not yet been investigated. In this study, we investigated the effects of FIR on BH4-dependent eNOS/NO production and vascular function. We used FIR-emitting sericite boards as an experimental material and placed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and Sprague–Dawley rats on the boards with or without FIR irradiation and then evaluated vascular relaxation by detecting NO generation, BH4 synthesis, and Akt/eNOS activation. Our results showed that FIR radiation significantly enhanced Akt/eNOS phosphorylation and NO production in human endothelial cells and aorta tissues. FIR can also induce BH4 storage by elevating levels of enzymes (e.g., guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase-1, 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydrobiopterin synthase, sepiapterin reductase, and dihydrofolate reductase), which ultimately results in NO production. These results indicate that FIR upregulated eNOS-dependent NO generation via BH4 synthesis and Akt phosphorylation, which contributes to the regulation of vascular function. This might develop potential clinical application of FIR to treat vascular diseases by augmenting the BH4/NO pathway.
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Mori MM, Busoli Badiale S, Pastoris O, Bianchi F, Angelinetta MC. Clinical monitoring of safety and functionality of a non-medicated patch for pain alleviation associated to dysmenorrhea. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2019; 90:287-292. [PMID: 31580316 PMCID: PMC7233733 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v90i3.7370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
FIT® Lady patch is an easy-to-use class I medical device, developed to relieve pain associate to menstrual period, without pharmacological substances. The patch is based on far infrared (FIR) electromagnetic waves reflection properties that normally are emitted from the body, as a consequence of body heat dispersion between the difference of cutaneous body and ambient temperature. Consequently, infrared (IR) waves are reflected and resorbed at cutaneous level and thermal energy again locally introduced leads to a better microcirculation. Although biological IR waves properties and mechanisms of action are extensively studied, there are still few references on patches based on FIR properties. The aim of this study was the evaluation of FIR technology applied to FIT® Lady patch thought to be used to alleviate pain associated to menstrual period (dysmenorrhea). The FIT® Lady patch medical device (active patch) was evaluated in comparison with a placebo patch, in order to assess its action in reducing pain related to menstrual period in 40 women patients enrolled according to specific inclusion/exclusion criteria. This study confirmed a good tolerability of the product, by demonstrating the ability to significantly reduce inconvenience and feeling of pain. The mineral that was responsible of the reflection activity (titanium dioxide), conveniently entrapped in a patch, was able to work without any active substances in contact with and absorbed from the skin. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Rosas RF, Emer AA, Batisti AP, Ludtke DD, Turnes BL, Bobinski F, Cidral-Filho FJ, Martins DF. Far infrared-emitting ceramics decrease Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia in mice through cytokine modulation and activation of peripheral inhibitory neuroreceptors. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2018; 16:396-403. [PMID: 30139655 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of far infrared-emitting ceramics (cFIRs) in a model of persistent inflammatory hyperalgesia and to elucidate the possible mechanisms of these effects. METHODS Mice were injected with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and treated with cFIRs via placement on a pad impregnated with cFIRs on the bottom of the housing unit for different periods of time. Mice underwent mechanical hyperalgesia and edema assessments, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-10 levels were measured. Twenty-four hours after CFA injection and 30 min before cFIR treatment, mice were pretreated with a nonselective adenosinergic antagonist, caffeine, the selective adenosine receptor A1 antagonist, 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX), the selective cannabinoid receptor type 1 antagonist, AM281, the selective cannabinoid receptor type 2 antagonist, AM630, or the nonselective opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone, and mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed. RESULTS cFIRs statistically (P < 0.05) decreased CFA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia ((82.86 ± 5.21)% in control group vs (56.67 ± 9.54)% in cFIR group) and edema ((1699.0 ± 77.8) μm in control group vs (988.7 ± 107.6) μm in cFIR group). cFIRs statistically (P < 0.05) reduced TNF-α ((0.478 ± 0.072) pg/mg of protein in control group vs (0.273 ± 0.055) pg/mg of protein in cFIR group) and IL-1β ((95.81 ± 3.95) pg/mg of protein in control group vs (80.61 ± 4.71) pg/mg of protein in cFIR group) levels and statistically (P < 0.05) increased IL-10 ((18.32 ± 0.78) pg/mg of protein in control group vs (25.89 ± 1.23) pg/mg of protein in cFIR group) levels in post-CFA-injected paws. Peripheral pre-administration of inhibitory neuroreceptor antagonists (caffeine, DPCPX, AM281, AM630 and naloxone) prevented the analgesic effects of cFIRs (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These data provide additional support for the use of cFIRs in the treatment of painful inflammatory conditions and contribute to our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of the therapeutic effects of cFIRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Fernando Rosas
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aline Armiliato Emer
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Batisti
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniela Dero Ludtke
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Bruna Lenfers Turnes
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Oxidative Stress (LABOX), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-000, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Franciane Bobinski
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Francisco José Cidral-Filho
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fernandes Martins
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-272, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Furlan JP, Manoel FA, Silva DFD, Peserico CS, Mezzaroba PV, Machado FA. Effects of ceramic garments on 10-km running performance. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700030010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Tsai SR, Hamblin MR. Biological effects and medical applications of infrared radiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2017; 170:197-207. [PMID: 28441605 PMCID: PMC5505738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infrared (IR) radiation is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 760nm and 100,000nm. Low-level light therapy (LLLT) or photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy generally employs light at red and near-infrared wavelengths (600-100nm) to modulate biological activity. Many factors, conditions, and parameters influence the therapeutic effects of IR, including fluence, irradiance, treatment timing and repetition, pulsing, and wavelength. Increasing evidence suggests that IR can carry out photostimulation and photobiomodulation effects particularly benefiting neural stimulation, wound healing, and cancer treatment. Nerve cells respond particularly well to IR, which has been proposed for a range of neurostimulation and neuromodulation applications, and recent progress in neural stimulation and regeneration are discussed in this review. The applications of IR therapy have moved on rapidly in recent years. For example, IR therapy has been developed that does not actually require an external power source, such as IR-emitting materials, and garments that can be powered by body heat alone. Another area of interest is the possible involvement of solar IR radiation in photoaging or photorejuvenation as opposites sides of the coin, and whether sunscreens should protect against solar IR? A better understanding of new developments and biological implications of IR could help us to improve therapeutic effectiveness or develop new methods of PBM using IR wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Ru Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Loturco I, Abad C, Nakamura FY, Ramos SP, Kobal R, Gil S, Pereira LA, Burini F, Roschel H, Ugrinowitsch C, Tricoli V. Effects of far infrared rays emitting clothing on recovery after an intense plyometric exercise bout applied to elite soccer players: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Biol Sport 2016; 33:277-83. [PMID: 27601783 PMCID: PMC4993144 DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1208479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the effects of far infrared (FIR) ray emitting clothes on indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage and physical performance recovery after a plyometric bout applied to soccer players. Twenty-one male players (18.9±0.6 years; 70.8±5.01 kg; 178.3±0.06 cm) performed 100 drop-jumps. Six hours after the bout, athletes put on FIR clothes (FIR) (density of 225 g·m-2, 88% far infrared rays emitting polyamide 66 Emana yarn (PA66) fibre, 12% Spandex, emissivity of 0.88 and power emitted of 341 W/m2µm at 37°C in the 5-20 µm wavelength range, patent WO 2009/077834 A2) (N = 10) or placebo clothes (PLA) (N = 11). Mid-thigh circumferences, creatine kinase (CK), and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) were assessed before, immediately after and 24, 48, and 72 h after the bout. Squat (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) heights were measured before and at 24, 48, and 72 h after, while 1RM leg press (maximum strength) was measured before and at 72 h after the plyometrics. No differences between groups were found in mid-thigh circumferences, SJ, CMJ or 1RM. CK increased significantly 24 h after the plyometrics in comparison to before (p < 0.05) in both groups. PLA showed significant DOMS increases at 24, 48, and 72 h, while FIR showed significant increases at 24 and 48 h (p < 0.05). DOMS effect sizes were greater in FIR (moderate at 48 h, ES = 0.737 and large at 72 h, ES = 0.844), suggesting that FIR clothes may reduce perceived DOMS after an intense plyometric session performed by soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Loturco
- NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ccc Abad
- NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - F Y Nakamura
- State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - S P Ramos
- State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - R Kobal
- NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S Gil
- NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - L A Pereira
- NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fhp Burini
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Center - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - H Roschel
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C Ugrinowitsch
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - V Tricoli
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Lin CT, Lin MJ, Chen YP, Lee KC, Huang KC, Chang SF, Chen CN. Long-term antihypertensive effects of far-infrared ray irradiated from wooden board in spontaneously hypertensive rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:57. [PMID: 26857237 PMCID: PMC4745157 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Far-infrared ray (FIR) has been widely used in promoting health and has been shown to exert beneficial effects in vascular function. The non-thermal effect of FIR has been found to play a significant role in the protective effect on some vascular-related diseases, but its protective effects and use against hypertension have not been clearly presented. Methods In the present study, by using a wooden board coated with FIR-irradiated materials, we evaluated the long-term antihypertensive effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) in the environment in contact with the FIR-irradiated wooden board. SHRs were placed on the wooden board with or without FIR radiation for 4 weeks. Results The systolic blood pressure (BP) of SHRs undergoing different treatments was measured weekly using a tail-cuff method. FIR radiation significantly reduced the systolic BP of the SHRs along with a decreasing plasma level of angiotensin II and an increasing plasma level of bradykinin. In addition, long-term contact of FIR did not significantly affect the BP in normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs). Conclusions Our results provided the evidence based on which FIR radiation could be considered an effective non-pharmacological choice for preventing hypertension.
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