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Assis Silva SH, Orsatti FL, de Lima ML, Freitas ACDQ, Carneiro MAS, Assumpção CDO, Souza MVC. Assessing the robustness of muscle strength and physical performance measures in women older than 40 years: a test-retest reliability study. Menopause 2024; 31:33-38. [PMID: 38086002 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change (MDC) of muscle strength and physical performance tests in women older than 40 years. METHODS A total of 113 women, aged 58 ± 11 years (82% postmenopausal women), with a body mass index of 28.5 ± 5.8 kg/m 2 , participated in this study. One-repetition maximum (1RM) tests were conducted for seven strength exercises: 45° leg press, bench press, leg extension, pec deck, wide-grip lateral pull-down, leg curl, and seated cable row, with a retest after 48 hours. Timed Up and Go (TUG), 6-minute walk, and 30-second sit-to-stand tests were performed on the same day and retested after 72 hours. The tests and retests were administered by the same evaluators. Relative reliability (consistency of participant rank between test-retest) was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient for consistency and agreement, and absolute reliability (precision of score) was assessed using the MDC based on the standard error of prediction. RESULTS The 1RM and performance tests exhibited excellent reliability: 45° leg press (consistency, 0.99; agreement, 0.98), bench press (consistency, 0.96; agreement, 0.96), leg extension (consistency, 0.93; agreement, 0.91), pec deck (consistency, 0.90; agreement, 0.88), wide-grip lateral pull-down (consistency, 0.91; agreement, 0.89), leg curl (consistency, 0.84; agreement, 0.83), seated cable row (consistency, 0.92; agreement, 0.94), TUG (consistency, 0.87; agreement, 0.87), 6-minute walk (consistency, 0.96; agreement, 0.95), and 30-second sit to stand (consistency, 0.85; agreement, 0.80). These tests showed meaningful MDC values, particularly for the 1RM test performed on the machine and the 30-second sit-to-stand test: 45° leg press, 22.2 kg (15%); bench press, 4.9 kg (19%); leg extension, 9.2 kg (35%); pec deck, 8.8 kg (44%); wide-grip lateral pull-down, 9.4 kg (31%); leg curl, 9.2 kg (51%); seated cable row, 11.4 kg (29%); TUG, 1.4 seconds (20%); 6-minute walk, 50.9 m (10%); and 30-second sit to stand, 4.6 reps (30%). CONCLUSIONS Although the muscle strength and physical performance tests demonstrate excellent relative reliability in women older than 40 years, they exhibit low absolute reliability, particularly the 1RM test performed on the machine and the 30-second sit-to-stand test. Therefore, although these tests show good consistency in the positioning of women within the group after repeated measures, their precision measure is relatively low (high fluctuation). Changes in these tests that are smaller than the MDC may not indicate real changes in women at middle age and older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastião Henrique Assis Silva
- From the Applied Physiology Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Exercise Biology and Aging Laboratory (BioEx), Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana L de Lima
- From the Applied Physiology Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Exercise Biology and Aging Laboratory (BioEx), Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Augusto C de Q Freitas
- From the Applied Physiology Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Exercise Biology and Aging Laboratory (BioEx), Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A S Carneiro
- From the Applied Physiology Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Exercise Biology and Aging Laboratory (BioEx), Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Swan K, Speyer R, Scharitzer M, Farneti D, Brown T, Woisard V, Cordier R. Measuring what matters in healthcare: a practical guide to psychometric principles and instrument development. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1225850. [PMID: 37790221 PMCID: PMC10543275 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1225850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The provision of quality healthcare relies on scales and measures with robust evidence of their psychometric properties. Using measurement instruments with poor reliability, validity, or feasibility, or those that are not appropriate for the target diagnostic group or construct/dimension under consideration, may be unfavorable for patients, unproductive, and hinder empirical advancement. Resources from the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) group can assist in identifying and developing psychometrically sound measures. The COSMIN initiative is the only international, research-based practice taxonomy and methodological guidelines for measurement in healthcare. This manuscript aims to provide an accessible introduction to theories, principles and practices of psychometrics, instrument properties, and scale development, with applied examples from the COSMIN recommendations. It describes why measurement in healthcare is critical to good practice, explains the concepts of the latent variable and hypothetical construct and their importance in healthcare assessments, explores issues of flawed measurement and briefly explains key theories relevant to psychometrics. The paper also outlines a ten-step process to develop and validate a new measurement instrument, with examples drawn from a recently developed visuoperceptual measure for analysis of disordered swallowing to demonstrate key concepts and provides a guide for understanding properties of and terminology related to measurement instruments. This manuscript serves as a resource for healthcare clinicians, educators, and researchers who seek to develop and validate new measurement instruments or improve the properties of existing ones. It highlights the importance of using psychometrically sound measurement instruments to ensure high-quality healthcare assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katina Swan
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- St. John of God Midland Public and Private Hospitals, St John of God Health Care, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Allied Health, The School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Renee Speyer
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Martina Scharitzer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniele Farneti
- Audiologic Phoniatric Service, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Infermi Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Ted Brown
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University – Peninsula Campus, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Reinie Cordier
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Riemann BL, Wilk KE, Davies GJ. Reliability of Upper Extremity Functional Performance Tests for Overhead Sports Activities. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2023; V18:687-697. [PMID: 37425106 PMCID: PMC10324288 DOI: 10.26603/001c.74368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is lack of consensus on which tests, particularly upper extremity functional performance tests (FPT) that should be used for clinical decision making to progress a patient through a rehabilitation program or criteria for return to sport (RTS). Consequently, there is a need for tests with good psychometric properties that can be administered with minimal equipment and time. Purpose (1) To establish the intersession reliability of several open kinetic chain FPT in healthy young adults with a history of overhead sport participation. (2) To examine the intersession reliability of the limb symmetry indices (LSI) from each test. Study Design Test-retest reliability, single cohort study. Methods Forty adults (20 males, 20 females) completed four upper extremity FPT during two data collection sessions three to seven days apart: 1) prone medicine ball drop test 90°shoulder abduction (PMBDT 90°), 2) prone medicine ball drop test 90°shoulder abduction/90° elbow flexion (PMBDT 90°-90°), 3) half-kneeling medicine ball rebound test (HKMBRT), 4) seated single arm shot put test (SSASPT). Measures of systematic bias, absolute reliability and relative reliability were computed between the sessions for both the original test scores and LSI. Results Except for the SSASPT, all tests demonstrated significant (p ≤ 0.030) improvements in performance during the second session. Generally, for the medicine ball drop/rebound tests, the absolute reliability was the highest (less random error) for the HKMBRT, next the PMBDT 90°followed by PMBDT 90°-90°. Excellent relative reliability existed for the PMBDT 90°, HKMBRT, and SSASPT, whereas fair to excellent relative reliability for the PMBDT 90°-90°. The SSASPT LSI revealed the highest relative and absolute reliability. Conclusion Two tests, HKMBRT and SSASPT demonstrated sufficient reliability; therefore, the authors' recommend those tests can be used for serial assessments to advance a patient through a rehabilitation program as well as criteria for progression to RTS. Level of Evidence 3.
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Petré H, Psilander N, Rosdahl H. Between-Session Reliability of Strength- and Power-Related Variables Obtained during Isometric Leg Press and Countermovement Jump in Elite Female Ice Hockey Players. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:sports11050096. [PMID: 37234052 DOI: 10.3390/sports11050096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Isometric leg press (ILP) and countermovement jump (CMJ) are commonly used to obtain strength- and power-related variables with important implications for health maintenance and sports performance. To enable the identification of true changes in performance with these measurements, the reliability must be known. This study evaluates the between-session reliability of strength- and power-related measures obtained from ILP and CMJ. Thirteen female elite ice hockey players (21.5 ± 5.1 years; 66.3 ± 8.0 kg) performed three maximal ILPs and CMJs on two different occasions. Variables from the ILP (peak force and peak rate of force development) and CMJ (peak power, peak force, peak velocity, and peak jump height) were obtained. The results were reported using the best trial, an average of the two best trials, or an average of three trials. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) were high (ICC > 0.97; CV < 5.2%) for all outcomes. The CV for the CMJ (1.5-3.2%) was lower than that for the ILP (3.4-5.2%). There were no differences between reporting the best trial, an average of the two best trials, or an average of the three trials for the outcomes. ILP and CMJ are highly reliable when examining strength- and power-related variables in elite female ice hockey players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Petré
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition, and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, 11486 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Psilander
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition, and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, 11486 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Rosdahl
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition, and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, 11486 Stockholm, Sweden
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van Cappellen-van Maldegem SJM, Hoedjes M, Seidell JC, van de Poll-Franse LV, Buffart LM, Mols F, Beijer S. Self-performed Five Times Sit-To-Stand test at home as (pre-)screening tool for frailty in cancer survivors: Reliability and agreement assessment. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:1370-1380. [PMID: 35332600 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The self-performance of a Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand (FTSTS)-test, without the usual supervision by a medical professional, provides valuable opportunities for clinical practice and research. This study aimed: (1) to determine the validity of the self-performed FTSTS test in comparison to a supervised reference test and (2) to determine the reliability of a self-performed FTSTS test by cancer survivors. BACKGROUND Early detection of frailty in cancer survivors may enable prehabilitation interventions before surgery or intensive treatment, improving cancer outcomes. DESIGN A repeated measures reliability and agreement study, with one week in between measures, was performed. METHODS Cancer survivors (n = 151) performed two FTSTS tests themselves. One additional reference FTSTS test was supervised by a physical therapist. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), structural error of measurement (SEM) and minimally important clinical difference (MID) were calculated comparing a self-performed FTSTS test to the reference test, and comparing two self-performed FTSTS tests. The Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies (GRASS) have been used. RESULTS Mean age of cancer survivors was 65.6 years (SD = 9.3), 54.6% were female, median time since diagnosis was 2 years [IQR = 1], and tumour type varied (e.g., breast cancer (31.8%), prostate cancer (17.2%), gastrointestinal cancer (11.9%) and haematological cancer (11.9%)). Validity of the self-performed FTSTS test at home was acceptable in comparison with the reference test (ICC = .74; SEM = 3.2; MID = 3.6) as was the reliability of the self-performed FTSTS test (ICC = .70; SEM = 2.2; MID = 3.8). CONCLUSIONS The self-performed FTSTS test is a valid and reliable measure to assess lower body function and has potential to be used as objective (pre-)screening tool for frailty in cancer survivors. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The self-performed FTSTS test at home may indicate the cancer survivors in need of prehabilitation in advance of surgery or intensive treatment. The feasibility, short amount of time needed and potential cost-effectiveness of the self-performed FTSTS test can make it a valuable contribution to personalised care and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra J M van Cappellen-van Maldegem
- Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic disorders, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Meeke Hoedjes
- Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic disorders, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob C Seidell
- Department of Health Sciences, The EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke V van de Poll-Franse
- Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic disorders, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.,Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laurien M Buffart
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floortje Mols
- Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic disorders, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.,Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Beijer
- Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Participant-Level Analysis of the Effects of Interventions on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability. J Sport Rehabil 2023; 32:124-132. [PMID: 36096479 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2022-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Intervention studies for chronic ankle instability (CAI) often focus on improving physical impairments of the ankle complex. However, using an impairments-focused approach may miss psychological factors that may mediate function and recovery. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures can be used to assess several dimensions of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and deliver enhanced patient-centered care. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate group-level improvements in HRQoL and treatment response rates following various interventions in patients with CAI. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Data from 7 previous studies were pooled by the chronic ankle instability outcomes network for participant-level analysis, resulting in 136 patients with CAI. Several interventions were assessed including balance training, gait biofeedback, joint mobilizations, stretching, and strengthening, with treatment volume ranging from 1 to 4 weeks. Outcome measures were PROs that assessed ankle-specific function (Foot and Ankle Ability Measure), injury-related fear (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire), and global well-being (Disablement in the Physically Active); the PROs assessed varied between studies. Preintervention to postintervention changes were evaluated using separate Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and effect sizes, and a responder analysis was conducted for each PRO. RESULTS Significant, moderate to large improvements were observed in PROs that assessed ankle-specific function, injury-related fear, and global well-being following intervention (P < .001). Responder rates ranged from 39.0% to 53.3%, 12.8% to 51.4%, and 37.8% for ankle specific function, injury-related fear, and global well-being, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Various interventions can lead to positive improvements in HRQoL in patients with CAI. Treatment response rates at improving HRQoL are similar to response rates at improving impairments such as balance, further reinforcing the need for individualized treatment approaches when treating a patient with CAI.
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Gribble PA, Kleis RE, Simon JE, Vela LI, Thomas AC. Differences in health-related quality of life among patients after ankle injury. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:909921. [PMID: 35992155 PMCID: PMC9382240 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.909921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankle sprains are the most common injuries sustained in the physically active, often associated with pain and functional limitations long after initial recovery. In recent years, the impact of ankle sprains on general health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been noted in athletes, but is not well-documented in the general population. We examined differences in HRQoL and general health between individuals with ankle sprain history and healthy controls. Those with ankle sprain reported significantly higher body mass index and general body pain, and lower SF-8 physical component scores than healthy controls. Additionally, there is some indication that physical activity is lower in those with ankle sprain history. This is an important step in illustrating the adverse sequelae of ankle sprains on population health and HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip A. Gribble
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- *Correspondence: Phillip A. Gribble
| | - Rachel E. Kleis
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Janet E. Simon
- Division of Athletic Training, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Luzita I. Vela
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Abbey C. Thomas
- Department of Kinesiology and Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
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Lisee C, Harkey M, Walker Z, Pfeiffer K, Covassin T, Kovan J, Currie KD, Kuenze C. Longitudinal Changes in Ultrasound-Assessed Femoral Cartilage Thickness in Individuals from 4 to 6 Months Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Cartilage 2021; 13:738S-746S. [PMID: 34384276 PMCID: PMC8808943 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211038749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diagnostic ultrasound provides a valid assessment of cartilage health that has been used to observe cross-sectional cartilage thickness differences post-ACLR (anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction), but has not been used longitudinally during early recovery post-ACLR. DESIGN The purpose of this study was to assess longitudinal changes in femoral cartilage thickness via ultrasound in individuals at 4 to 6 months post-ACLR and compared to healthy controls. Twenty participants (50% female, age = 21.1 ± 5.7 years) completed testing sessions 4 and 6 months post-ACLR. Thirty healthy controls (57% female, age = 20.8 ± 3.8 years) without knee injury history completed 2 testing sessions (>72 hours apart). Femoral cartilage ultrasound images were captured bilaterally in ACLR participants and in the dominant limb of healthy controls during all sessions. Average cartilage thicknesses in the medial, intercondylar, and lateral femoral regions were determined using a semi-automated processing technique. RESULTS When comparing cartilage thickness mean differences or changes over time, individuals post-ACLR did not demonstrate between limb differences (P-range = 0.50-0.92), limb differences compared to healthy controls (P-range = 0.19-0.94), or changes over time (P-range = 0.22-0.72) for any femoral cartilage thickness region. However, participants demonstrated cartilage thickening (45%) or thinning (35%) that exceeded minimal detectable change (MDC) from 4 to 6 months post-ACLR, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Using MDC scores may help better identify within-subject femoral cartilage thickness changes longitudinally post-ACLR due to bidirectional cartilage thickness changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lisee
- Department of Exercise and Sport
Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Caroline Lisee, Department of Exercise and
Sport Science, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 209 Fetzer Hall,
CB# 8700, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Matthew Harkey
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Zachary Walker
- Department of Orthopedics, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Karin Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Tracey Covassin
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey Kovan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine,
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Christopher Kuenze
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI, USA,College of Osteopathic Medicine,
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Wang Y, Devji T, Qasim A, Hao Q, Wong V, Bhatt M, Prasad M, Wang Y, Noori A, Xiao Y, Ghadimi M, Lozano LEC, Phillips MR, Carrasco-Labra A, King M, Terluin B, Terwee C, Walsh M, Furukawa TA, Guyatt GH. A systematic survey identified methodological issues in studies estimating anchor-based minimal important differences in patient-reported outcomes. J Clin Epidemiol 2021; 142:144-151. [PMID: 34752937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically survey the literature addressing the reporting of studies estimating anchor-based minimal important differences (MIDs) and choice of optimal MIDs. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We searched Medline, Embase and PsycINFO from 1987 to March 2020. Teams of two reviewers independently identified eligible publications and extracted quotations addressing relevant issues for reporting and/or selecting anchor-based MIDs. Using a coding list, we assigned the same code to quotations capturing similar or related issues. For each code, we generated an 'item', i.e. a specific phrase or sentence capturing the underlying concept. When multiple concepts existed under a single code, the team created multiple items for that code. We clustered codes addressing a broader methodological issue into a 'category' and classified items as relevant for reporting, relevant for selecting an anchor-based MID, or both. RESULTS We identified 136 eligible publications that provided 6 categories (MID definition, anchors, patient-reported outcome measures, generalizability and statistics) and 24 codes. These codes contained 34 items related to reporting MID studies, of which 29 were also related to selecting MIDs. CONCLUSION The systematic survey identified items related to reporting of anchor-based MID studies and selecting optimal MIDs. These provide a conceptual framework to inform the design of studies related to MIDs, and a basis for developing a reporting standard and a selection approach for MIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Tahira Devji
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Anila Qasim
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Qiukui Hao
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37#, Chengdu, China.
| | - Vanessa Wong
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Meha Bhatt
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Manya Prasad
- Department of Clinical research, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D-1, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India-110070.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Atefeh Noori
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Yingqi Xiao
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8; West China School of Nursing / Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37#, Chengdu, China.
| | - Maryam Ghadimi
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Luis Enrique Colunga Lozano
- Department of clinical medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de Guadalajara, El Retiro, 44280, Guadalajara, Jal. México.
| | - Mark R Phillips
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Alonso Carrasco-Labra
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Science, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 385 S Columbia St, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States.
| | - Madeleine King
- Sydney Quality of Life Office, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Griffith Taylor Building (A19), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Berend Terluin
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of General Practice, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Caroline Terwee
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Michael Walsh
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences /McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - Toshi A Furukawa
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan.
| | - Gordon H Guyatt
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 1280 Main St East, Hamilton, Canada, L8S 4L8.
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González-Rosalén J, Cuerda-Del Pino A, Sánchez-Barbadora M, Martín-San Agustín R. Validity and reliability of the DiCI for the measurement of shoulder flexion and abduction strength in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11600. [PMID: 34178468 PMCID: PMC8197032 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A higher risk of shoulder injury in the athletic and non-athletic population is frequently associated with strength deficits. Therefore, shoulder strength assessment can be clinically useful to identify and to quantify the magnitude of strength deficit. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of a DiCI (a new hand-held dynamometer) for the measurement of shoulder flexion and abduction strength in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects. Methods Forty-three recreational athletes (29 males and 14 females; age: 22.1 ± 0.47 years; body mass: 68.7 ± 13.1 kg; height = 173.3 ± 9.7 cm) and 40 symptomatic subjects (28 males and 12 females; age: 49.9 ± 8.1 years; body mass: 70.6 ± 14.3 kg; height = 171.7 ± 9.0 cm) completed shoulder flexion and abduction strength tests in two identical sessions one-week apart. Both types of movement were evaluated at 45º and 90º. Results Relative reliability analysis showed excellent intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) for all evaluated movements (ICC range = 0.90 to 0.99). Absolute reliability analysis showed a standard error of measurement (SEM) ranging from 1.36% to 2.25%, and minimal detectable change (MDC) ranging from 3.93% to 6.25%. In conclusion, the DiCI is a valid and reliable device for assessing shoulder strength both in recreational athletes and in subjects with restricted mobility and loss of strength.
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Test-Retest Reliability of a Functional Reaction Time Assessment Battery. J Sport Rehabil 2021; 30:1237-1241. [PMID: 33952713 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2021-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Reaction time is commonly assessed postconcussion through a computerized neurocognitive battery. Although this measure is sensitive to postconcussion deficits, it is not clear if computerized reaction time reflects the dynamic reaction time necessary to compete effectively and safely during sporting activities. Functional reaction time assessments may be useful postconcussion, but reliability must be determined before clinical implementation. OBJECTIVE To determine the test-retest reliability of a functional reaction time assessment battery and to determine if reaction time improved between sessions. DESIGN Cohort. SETTING Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Forty-one participants (21 men and 20 women) completed 2 time points. Participants, on average, were 22.5 (2.1) years old, 72.5 (11.9) cm tall, had a mass of 71.0 (13.7) kg, and were mostly right leg and hand dominant (92.7%). INTERVENTIONS Participants completed 2 clinical reaction time tests (computerized Stroop and drop stick) and 5 functional reaction time tests (gait, jump landing, single-leg hop, anticipated cut, and unanticipated cut) across 2 sessions. Drop stick and functional reaction time assessments were performed in single (motor task only) and dual task (motor task with cognitive task). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Reaction time (in seconds) was calculated during all assessments. Test-retest reliability was determined using 2-way mixed-effects intraclass correlation coefficients (3, k). Paired samples t tests compared mean reaction time between sessions. RESULTS Test-retest reliability was moderate to excellent for all reaction time outcomes (intraclass correlation coefficients [3, k] range = .766-.925). Several statistically significant between-session mean differences were observed, but effect sizes were negligible to small (d range = 0.05-0.44). CONCLUSIONS The functional reaction time assessment battery displayed similar reliability to the standard computerized reaction time assessment battery and may provide important postinjury information, but more research is needed to determine clinical utility.
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Migliore GL, Petrone N, Hobara H, Nagahara R, Miyashiro K, Costa GF, Gri A, Cutti AG. Innovative alignment of sprinting prostheses for persons with transfemoral amputation: Exploratory study on a gold medal Paralympic athlete. Prosthet Orthot Int 2021; 45:46-53. [PMID: 33834744 DOI: 10.1177/0309364620946910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommendations for the alignment of the socket and foot in the sprinting prosthesis of athletes with transfemoral amputation are either based on walking biomechanics or lack public scientific evidence. OBJECTIVES To explore the biomechanical changes and the sensations of a gold medal Paralympic sprinter, while running with three bench alignments: a conventional reference (A0), an innovative alignment based on the biomechanics of elite able-bodied sprinters (A2), and an intermediate alignment (A1). STUDY DESIGN Single subject with repeated measures. METHODS A1 and A2 feature a progressively greater socket tilt and a plantar-flexed foot compared to A0. The 30-year-old female athlete trained with three prostheses, one per alignment, for at least 2 months. We administered a questionnaire to collect her impressions. Then, she ran on a treadmill at full speed (5.5 m/s). We measured the kinematics and moments of the prosthetic side, and the ground reaction forces of both sides. RESULTS A2 reduced the prosthetic side hip extension at foot-off while preserving hip range of motion, decreased the impulse of the hip moment, and increased the horizontal propulsion, leaving sufficient margin to prevent knee buckling without increasing sound side braking forces. Biomechanical outcomes matched well with subjective impressions. CONCLUSIONS A2 appears promising to improve the performance and comfort of sprinters with transfemoral amputation, without compromising safety. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Observation of elite able-bodied sprinters led to the definition of a new specific alignment for the sprinting prosthesis of athletes with transfemoral amputation, which appears promising to improve performance and comfort, without compromising safety. This may constitute a major improvement compared to alignments based on walking biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Petrone
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Hiroaki Hobara
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryu Nagahara
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyashiro
- Law Course, Department of Law, Nihon Bunka University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gian Fabio Costa
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Gri
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea G Cutti
- Applied Research, INAIL Prosthetic Center, Vigorso di Budrio, Italy
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Martínez-Rosales E, Sola-Rodríguez S, Vargas-Hitos JA, Gavilán-Carrera B, Rosales-Castillo A, Hernández-Martínez A, Artero EG, Sabio JM, Soriano-Maldonado A. Heart Rate Variability in Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Association with Health-Related Parameters and Effects of Aerobic Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249501. [PMID: 33352985 PMCID: PMC7766283 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal heart rate variability (HRV) has been observed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In a combined cross-sectional and interventional study approach, we investigated the association of HRV with inflammation and oxidative stress markers, patient-reported outcomes, and the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise in HRV. Fifty-five women with SLE (mean age 43.5 ± 14.0 years) were assigned to either aerobic exercise (n = 26) or usual care (n = 29) in a non-randomized trial. HRV was assessed using a heart rate monitor during 10 min, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were obtained, psychological stress (Perceived Stress Scale), sleep quality (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index), fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory), depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory), and quality of life (36-item Short-Form Health Survey) were also assessed. Low frequency to high frequency power (LFHF) ratio was associated with physical fatigue (p = 0.019). Sample entropy was inversely associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p = 0.014) and myeloperoxidase (p = 0.007). There were no significant between-group differences in the changes in HRV derived parameters after the exercise intervention. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and myeloperoxidase were negatively related to sample entropy and physical fatigue was positively related to LFHF ratio. However, an exercise intervention of 12 weeks of aerobic training did not produce any changes in HRV derived parameters in women with SLE in comparison to a control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martínez-Rosales
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (S.S.-R.); (A.H.-M.); (E.G.A.); (A.S.-M.)
- SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergio Sola-Rodríguez
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (S.S.-R.); (A.H.-M.); (E.G.A.); (A.S.-M.)
- SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - José Antonio Vargas-Hitos
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.A.V.-H.); (A.R.-C.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Blanca Gavilán-Carrera
- Physical Activity for Health Promotion Research Group (PAHELP), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Antonio Rosales-Castillo
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.A.V.-H.); (A.R.-C.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Alba Hernández-Martínez
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (S.S.-R.); (A.H.-M.); (E.G.A.); (A.S.-M.)
- SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Enrique G. Artero
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (S.S.-R.); (A.H.-M.); (E.G.A.); (A.S.-M.)
- SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - José Mario Sabio
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.A.V.-H.); (A.R.-C.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Alberto Soriano-Maldonado
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (S.S.-R.); (A.H.-M.); (E.G.A.); (A.S.-M.)
- SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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Sicard V, Moore RD, Simard A, Lavoie G, Ellemberg D. Psychometric properties of a color-shape version of the switch task. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2020; 29:1020-1029. [DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2020.1842410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronik Sicard
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Robert Davis Moore
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Alexe Simard
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gabriel Lavoie
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Dave Ellemberg
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Test-retest repeatability reveals a temporal kinematic signature for an upper limb precision grasping task in adults. Hum Mov Sci 2020; 75:102721. [PMID: 33271492 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2020.102721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hand-eye coordination skills, such as reaching and grasping, are fundamentally important for the performance of most daily activities. Upper limb kinematics recorded by motion tracking systems provide detailed insight into the central nervous system control of movement planning and execution. For example, kinematic metrics can reveal deficits in control, and compensatory neuromotor strategies in individuals with neuropathologies. However, the clinical utility of kinematic metrics is currently limited because their psychometric properties, such as test-retest repeatability, have not been well characterized. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the degree of repeatability of spatiotemporal kinematic metrics and determine which, if any, measures form a kinematic signature for a precision grasping task. Healthy adults (n = 40) were tested on two occasions separated by 5-10 days on a bead threading task consisting of reaching and precision grasping. Results showed good test-retest repeatability for reach peak velocity, reach and grasp durations, whereas poor to moderate reliability was observed for measures of spatial precision and maximum grip aperture. In addition, analysis showed that reliable estimates of kinematic metrics can be obtained using 10 trials. Overall, our results indicate that reach peak velocity and temporal metrics form a stable characteristic, or a kinematic signature, of individual performance on a standardized bead threading task. These findings suggest potential utility in applying kinematic metrics for clinical assessment of upper limb reaching tasks.
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Howe LP, Bampouras TM, North JS, Waldron M. WITHIN-SESSION RELIABILITY FOR INTER-LIMB ASYMMETRIES IN ANKLE DORSIFLEXION RANGE OF MOTION MEASURED DURING THE WEIGHT-BEARING LUNGE TEST. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2020; 15:64-73. [PMID: 32089959 PMCID: PMC7015029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of asymmetrical inter-limb ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DF ROM) has the potential to influence the course of treatment during the rehabilitation process, with limitations in ankle DF ROM potentially increasing injury risk. However, reliability for methods to identify ankle DF ROM asymmetries remain under described in the literature. PURPOSE To determine the reliability of the trigonometric calculation method for measuring ankle DF ROM during the weight-bearing lunge test (WBLT) for both a single limb and the symmetry values. The secondary purpose was to establish values of ankle DF ROM asymmetry and identify the influence of leg dominance on ankle DF ROM. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Ankle DF ROM was measured bilaterally in 50 healthy and recreationally active participants (28 men, 22 women, age = 22 ± 4 years, height = 172.8 ± 10.8 cm, body mass 71.5 ± 15.1 kg), using the trigonometric measurement method during the WBLT. Each ankle was measured twice in a single testing session to establish within-session reliability. RESULTS Values are presented for asymmetries in DF ROM. No differences were identified between the dominant and non-dominant limb (p = 0.862). Within-session reliability for measuring a single limb was classified as 'good' (ICC = 0.98) with a minimal detectable change value of 1.7 °. For measuring ankle DF ROM asymmetry, reliability was established as 'good' (ICC = 0.85) and a minimal detectable change value of 2.1 ° was determined. CONCLUSIONS Although symmetry in ankle DF ROM may not be assumed, the magnitude of asymmetry may be less than previously reported in a population of recreationally active individuals. Discrepancies between previous research and the findings of the present study may have been impacted by differences in measurement methods. Furthermore, clinicians should be aware that the error associated with measures of asymmetry for ankle DF ROM during the WBLT is greater than that of a single limb. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2b.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jamie S North
- School of Sport, Health and Applied Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, London, UK
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Howe L, Bampouras TM, North JS, Waldron M. Reliability of two-dimensional measures associated with bilateral drop-landing performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/sm/2019037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the within-session reliability for two-dimensional (2D) video analysis of sagittal- and frontal-plane measures during bilateral drop-landing tasks. Thirty-nine recreational athletes (22 men, 17 women, age = 22 ± 4 years, height = 1.74 ± 0.15 m, body mass 70.2 ± 15.1 kg) performed five bilateral drop-landings from 50, 100 and 150% of maximum countermovement jump height, twice on the same day. Measures of reliability for initial contact angle, peak flexion angle and joint displacement for the hip, knee, and ankle joints, frontal-plane projection angles (FPPA), as well as inter-limb asymmetries in joint displacement were assessed. No systematic bias was present between trials (P>0.05). All kinematic measurements showed relative reliability ranging from large to near perfect (ICC = 0.52–0.96). Absolute reliability ranged between measures, with CV% between 1.0–1.6% for initial contact angles, 1.9–7.9% for peak flexion angles, 5.3–22.4% for joint displacement, and 1.6–2.3% for FPPA. Absolute reliability for inter-limb asymmetries in joint displacement were highly variable, with minimal detectable change values ranging from 6.0–13.2°. Therefore, 2D video analysis is a reliable tool for numerous measures related to the performance of bilateral drop-landings.
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Onofrei RR, Amaricai E, Petroman R, Suciu O. Relative and absolute within-session reliability of the modified Star Excursion Balance Test in healthy elite athletes. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6999. [PMID: 31223524 PMCID: PMC6571006 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) is commonly used to assess dynamic postural balance both in clinical practice and research. The aim of our study was to assess the within-session relative and absolute reliability of participants’ performance of the modified SEBT (mSEBT) using a single practice trial in healthy elite athletes who were familiar with the test. Methods An intra-session repeated-measures design was used to investigate the relative and absolute reliability of participants’ (healthy athletes partaking in sports at a high-risk of ankle sprain injury) performance of the mSEBT. A total of 122 healthy elite athletes from soccer (n = 73), basketball (n = 15), and volleyball (n = 34) performed one practice trial and three test trials within one session, in three directions (anterior, postero-medial, and postero-lateral), for both legs. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and smallest detectable change at a 95% confidence were calculated. Results We found a good to excellent relative within-session intra-rater reliability between the three trials on specified directions, with an ICC (3,1) from 0.90 to 0.95. SEM and SDC95 for normalized and composite scores, for both legs ranged from 0.91 to 2.86, and 2.54 to 7.94, respectively. Conclusions In conclusion, we report good to excellent within-session reliability for the mSEBT. Our results confirm that the test can be reliably used with only one practice trial in healthy elite athletes familiar with the test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana R Onofrei
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,"Pius Brinzeu" Emergency County Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Elena Amaricai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,"Louis Turcanu" Emergency Children's Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Petroman
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,"Pius Brinzeu" Emergency County Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Oana Suciu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,"Pius Brinzeu" Emergency County Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
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Meier ML, Vrana A, Schweinhardt P. Low Back Pain: The Potential Contribution of Supraspinal Motor Control and Proprioception. Neuroscientist 2018; 25:583-596. [PMID: 30387689 PMCID: PMC6900582 DOI: 10.1177/1073858418809074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Motor control, which relies on constant communication between motor and sensory systems,
is crucial for spine posture, stability and movement. Adaptions of motor control occur in
low back pain (LBP) while different motor adaption strategies exist across individuals,
probably to reduce LBP and risk of injury. However, in some individuals with LBP, adapted
motor control strategies might have long-term consequences, such as increased spinal
loading that has been linked with degeneration of intervertebral discs and other tissues,
potentially maintaining recurrent or chronic LBP. Factors contributing to motor control
adaptations in LBP have been extensively studied on the motor output side, but less
attention has been paid to changes in sensory input, specifically proprioception.
Furthermore, motor cortex reorganization has been linked with chronic and recurrent LBP,
but underlying factors are poorly understood. Here, we review current research on
behavioral and neural effects of motor control adaptions in LBP. We conclude that back
pain-induced disrupted or reduced proprioceptive signaling likely plays a pivotal role in
driving long-term changes in the top-down control of the motor system via motor
and sensory cortical reorganization. In the outlook of this review, we
explore whether motor control adaptations are also important for other (musculoskeletal)
pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lukas Meier
- Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University Hospital Balgrist, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Vrana
- Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University Hospital Balgrist, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Schweinhardt
- Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University Hospital Balgrist, Zurich, Switzerland.,Alan Edwards Center for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
Understanding the results and statistics reported in original research remains a large challenge for many sports medicine practitioners and, in turn, may be among one of the biggest barriers to integrating research into sports medicine practice. The purpose of this article is to provide minimal essentials a sports medicine practitioner needs to know about interpreting statistics and research results to facilitate the incorporation of the latest evidence into practice. Topics covered include the difference between statistical significance and clinical meaningfulness; effect sizes and confidence intervals; reliability statistics, including the minimal detectable difference and minimal important difference; and statistical power.
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