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Adhikary P, Devkota HR, Reingold AL, Ghimire DJ. Factors associated with depressive symptoms among returnee migrants and non-migrants working adults in Madi municipality in Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:861. [PMID: 38509521 PMCID: PMC10953170 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health is a growing concern worldwide. It is not well understood whether international labour migrants from Nepal who return to Nepal are at higher risk of developing mental health problems. The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of and examine the associated factors for depressive symptoms among returnee migrants and non-migrant working male adults in Nepal. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of a probability-based sample of 725 participants was conducted in February 2020. The sample was comprised of two groups based on migration status: returning migrants and non-migrants. The 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-21) questionnaire was used to assess depressive symptoms. Logistic regression was applied to investigate factors associated with symptoms of depression. RESULTS The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 10.1%. However, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was lower (7%) among returnee migrants compared to non-migrants (13.7%). Men in the lower income group had a higher chance of having depressive (AOR = 5.88, 95% CI: 2.17-15.96) than those in the higher income group. Similarly, Buddhists and Christians were more likely to be depressed (AOR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.03-4.68) than Hindus. Participants with more than two children had a higher chance of having of depressive symptoms (AOR = 4.80, 95% CI: 1.15-20.05) compared with those without children. Unmarried men were more likely to be depressed (AOR = 4.07, 95%, CI:1.11-14.92) than those who were married. CONCLUSION The working Nepali adult male population in Nepal, including returning migrants, is at risk of depressive symptoms, but this association was lower in those in the higher income group, returnee migrants, those who were married, Hindus and those with no children. Our results highlight the need to monitor and develop national policies to ensure the mental health of the Nepali male adult population, including returnee migrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Adhikary
- School of Public Health, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, USA.
- Institute for Social and Environmental Research (ISER-N), Bharatpur, Nepal.
| | - Hridaya Raj Devkota
- Institute for Social and Environmental Research (ISER-N), Bharatpur, Nepal
- Community Support Association of Nepal (COSAN), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Dirgha J Ghimire
- Institute for Social and Environmental Research (ISER-N), Bharatpur, Nepal
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Subandi MA, Derin S, Setiyawati D. Al Ghazali's Concept of Diseases of the Spiritual Heart and its Significance to the DSM-5-TR Diagnosis. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:490-514. [PMID: 37474879 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01871-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The intertwined relationship between religion and mental health has been accounted for since the earliest recorded history. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the concept of diseases of the spiritual heart (DOTSH) from the Islamic-Sufi perspective and the medical-psychiatric concept of mental disorder. We examined two essential documents as our primary data sources: (1) Al Ghazali's Ihya Ulumuddin (Revivals of Religion Sciences) Volume III entitled the Quarter of the Destructive and (2) The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Version, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR). We employed a document analysis of the qualitative method by applying six steps of data analysis. We reviewed the English version of Al Ghazali's book to identified DOTSH. In this stage, we found six DOTSH categories which comprised of 40 DOTSH. Then, we searched the correspondence of DOTSH's categories to the DSM-5-TR criteria for mental disorders. We found that all DOTSH categories correspond to DSM-5-TR diagnostics criteria, diagnostic features or diagnostic associated features. We concluded that spiritual heart diseases not only present as symptoms but also can be regarded as mental disorder preconditions that require preventive intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Subandi
- Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Singh D, Nasir S, Sharma J, Giménez-Llort L, Shahnawaz MG. Psychological Distress in Low-Income and Economically Marginalized Populations in India: Protective and Risk Factors. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:92. [PMID: 38392445 PMCID: PMC10886196 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies at the juncture of development economics and public health take on considerable responsibility in addressing inequality and related mental health distress. Mental healthcare in economically marginalized populations requires depicting the linkages between socioeconomic status and psychological distress. In the present work, a sequential mixed-methods design was used to study 190 people in such communities in India. Gender-dependent psychological distress was found according to the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) with moderate distress in women (M = 26.30, SD = 9.15) and mild distress in men (M = 21.04, SD = 8.35). Regression analysis indicated that gender significantly predicted psychological distress, followed by age, marital status, and the level of education of the head of the family. The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of semi-structured interviews of the six women who scored the highest on the distress scale unveiled three master themes: (1) manifestation of psychological distress, (2) contextual challenges, and (3) sources of strength and resilience. Overall, participants reported a lack of resources, community violence, gender discrimination, and widespread substance use as major contributors to the ongoing distress. These findings can pave the way for future studies to expand beyond independent economic indicators and curate clinical interventions for culturally competent mental healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Singh
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shagufta Nasir
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juhi Sharma
- Light Up-Emotions Matter Foundation, New Delhi 110096, India
| | - Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Blázquez M, Sánchez-Mangas R. General and COVID19-specific emotional stress: Religious practice as a potential coping strategy. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2023; 51:101284. [PMID: 37531911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Using Spanish microdata from the Survey on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic conducted in February 2021 by the Centre for Sociological Research (CIS), this paper aims at identifying individual factors associated with an increased risk of mental or emotional distress arising from two different sources: a general pattern of depression or anxiety and distress specifically associated with the pandemic as measured by fears and worries about one's own or others' lives and job and income insecurity due to the COVID-19 health crisis. We explore gender differences in both types of mental distress as well as the role of individual religiosity, measured as religious beliefs and behaviours, as a potential coping strategy. In both general and COVID-specific mental distress, our results provide evidence of gender differences in the risk of suffering these conditions, with a higher incidence among women. We also find that religious beliefs and practice seem to have served as a coping strategy that has allowed females to narrow the gender gap, particularly for practising Catholics. The evidence is stronger for mental distress associated with anxiety or depression. However, it is still present, albeit to a lesser extent, for suffering caused by pandemic-related mental stressors. Our results suggest that religious practices and beliefs might play a key role in alleviating additional distress symptoms caused by emergency situations such as those suffered during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Blázquez
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Teoría Económica e Historia Económica, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Campus de Cantoblanco, Ctra. de Colmenar, km.15, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rocío Sánchez-Mangas
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Economía Cuantitativa, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Campus de Cantoblanco, Ctra. de Colmenar, km.15, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Daher-Nashif S, Stambouli M, Alhuwailah A, Helmy M, Shuwiekh HAM, Mohamed Lemine CMF, Radwan E, Saquib J, Saquib N, Fawaz M, Zarrouq B, Naser AY, Obeid S, Saleh M, Haider S, Miloud L, Badrasawi M, Hamdan-Mansour A, Barbato M, Bakhiet A, Sayem N, Adawi S, Grein F, Loch AA, Cheour M, Hallit S. Suicide literacy mediates the path from religiosity to suicide stigma among Muslim community adults: Cross-sectional data from four Arab countries. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1658-1669. [PMID: 37191228 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231174359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of research attention has been devoted to the link between religiosity and suicide risk, and a considerable amount of studies has been carried out on how stigma impacts individuals with mental health problems of different kinds. However, the interplay between religiosity, suicide literacy and suicide stigma has seldom been empirically researched, especially quantitatively. We sought through this study to redress the imbalance of research attention by examining the relationship between religiosity and suicide stigma; and the indirect and moderating effects of suicide literacy on this relationship. METHOD A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among Arab-Muslim adults originating from four Arab countries (Egypt: N = 1029, Kuwait: N = 2182, Lebanon N = 781, Tunisia N = 2343; Total sample: N = 6335). The outcome measures included the Arabic Religiosity Scale which taps into variation in the degree of religiosity, the Stigma of Suicide Scale-short form to the solicit degree of stigma related to suicide, and the Literacy of Suicide Scale explores knowledge and understanding of suicide. RESULTS Our Mediation analyses findings showed that literacy of suicide partially mediated the association between religiosity and stigmatizing attitude toward suicide. Higher religiosity was significantly associated with less literacy of suicide; higher literacy of suicide was significantly associated with less stigma of suicide. Finally, higher religiosity was directly and significantly associated with more stigmatization attitude toward suicide. CONCLUSION We contribute the literature by showing, for the first time, that suicide literacy plays a mediating role in the association between religiosity and suicide stigma in a sample of Arab-Muslim community adults. This preliminarily suggests that the effects of religiosity on suicide stigma can be modifiable through improving suicide literacy. This implies that interventions targeting highly religious individuals should pay dual attention to increasing suicide literacy and lowering suicide stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
- Department of Psychiatry Ibn Omrane, The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Razi Hospital, Tunisia
| | - Suhad Daher-Nashif
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manel Stambouli
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
- Department of Psychiatry Ibn Omrane, The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Razi Hospital, Tunisia
| | | | - Mai Helmy
- Psychology Department, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Arts, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | | | | | - Eqbal Radwan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine
| | - Juliann Saquib
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, Bukariyah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazmus Saquib
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, Bukariyah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirna Fawaz
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon
| | - Btissame Zarrouq
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Fez, Morocco
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Maan Saleh
- Department of Psychiatry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanad Haider
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Dep. A, Aden, Yemen
| | - Lahmer Miloud
- The National Centre of Research in Social and Cultural Anthropology, Oran, Algeria
| | - Manal Badrasawi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | | | - Mariapaola Barbato
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, UAE
| | - Aisha Bakhiet
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Najat Sayem
- Psychology Department, Sanaa University, Yemen
| | - Samir Adawi
- Behavioural Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Alexandre Andrade Loch
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias (LIM 27), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Majda Cheour
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
- Department of Psychiatry Ibn Omrane, The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Razi Hospital, Tunisia
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
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Rezaeipandari H, Morowatisharifabad MA, Shaghaghi A. Religious and Spiritual Coping Elements in Dealing with Chronic Diseases: A Qualitative Exploration of the Perspectives of Older Iranian Zoroastrians. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:3017-3041. [PMID: 36991287 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01797-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Religiosity is a desirable alternative coping strategy for many people when facing negative life events including age-related infirmities and stressors. Religious coping mechanisms (RCMs) have been investigated meagerly with regard to religious minorities around the world and, to the best of current knowledge, no study has been conducted on Iranian Zorostrians to explore their religious coping mechanisms in dealing with age-related chronic diseases. This qualitative research, therefore, was aimed to canvas perceptions about RCMs that are utilized by Iranian Zoroastrian older adults to deal with chronic diseases in the city of Yazd, Iran. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposefully selected fourteen Zoroastrian older patients and four Zoroastrian priests in 2019. The main extracted themes included performing certain religious behaviors and having sincere religion-based beliefs as employed mechanisms for better coping with their chronic diseases. Prevalent dilemmas/barriers with mitigating impact on the coping capacities in dealing with a persistent illness was another predominant identified theme. Identification of RCMs that religious and ethnic minorities are using to better confront diverse life events, such as chronic diseases, could pave the path to expand new approaches in planing sustainable disease management and proactive quality of life improvement initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rezaeipandari
- Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Elderly Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad
- Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Elderly Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Shaghaghi
- Health Education and Promotion Department, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Ave., Tabriz, 5166614711, Iran.
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Raghavan R, Brown B, Horne F, Kamal SR, Parameswaran U, Raghu A, Wilson A, Venkateswaran C, Svirydzenka N, Lakhanpaul M, Dasan C. Multiple Mental Health Literacies in a Traditional Temple Site in Kerala: The Intersection Between Beliefs, Spiritual and Healing Regimes. Cult Med Psychiatry 2023; 47:743-765. [PMID: 35771306 DOI: 10.1007/s11013-022-09800-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The notion of 'mental health literacy' has been proposed as a way of improving mental health problem recognition, service utilisation and reducing stigma. Yet, the idea embodies a number of medical-model assumptions which are often at odds with diverse communities' spiritual traditions and local belief systems. Twenty participants were recruited to this study consisting of mental health service users (N = 7), family carers (N = 8) and community members (N = 5) in a temple town in Kerala, South India participated in semi-structured interviews exploring the variety of beliefs and practices relating to mental health. Our findings indicate that the issue may be better understood in terms of multiple mental health literacies which people deploy in different circumstances. Even those sceptical of traditional and spiritual approaches are knowledgeable about them, and the traditional practices themselves often involve detailed regimes of activities aimed at effecting an improvement in the person's mood or condition. Therefore, we argue it is appropriate to consider mental health literacy not as a unitary universal phenomenon but instead as a mosaic of different literacies which may be deployed in different settings and in line with different experiences and which may operate in synergy with each other to enable treatment but also facilitate a sense of meaning and purpose in life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Brown
- De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
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van Wyk ES, Kagee A. Coping with Mental Health Problems and Medication Adherence Challenges Among Persons Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:2243-2254. [PMID: 36626033 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03955-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although several studies have investigated common mental disorders among persons living with HIV, few have explored how they cope with both a mental health condition and treatment adherence requirements. We conducted qualitative interviews with 20 South African antiretroviral treatment (ART) users living with a mental health condition, a sub-sample from a larger study, at a community clinic and a secondary hospital in the Western Cape of South Africa. The interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically. We found that participants used a range of coping methods to manage stressors pertaining to HIV, their mental health condition, and their environments. Participants used religion more frequently than any other way of coping. Both public and self-stigma challenged individuals and impacted HIV disclosure and social support seeking behaviour. Participants reported misconceptions held by themselves and others concerning mental health problems and HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashraf Kagee
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, 7600, Matieland, South Africa.
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Bashir A, Batool E, Bhatia T, Shoib S, Mir NA, Bashir U, Singh R, McDonald M, Hawk ME, Deshpande S. Community practices as coping mechanisms for mental health in Kashmir. SOCIAL WORK IN MENTAL HEALTH 2022; 21:406-421. [PMID: 37551352 PMCID: PMC10406466 DOI: 10.1080/15332985.2022.2159779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
With a steady rise in mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Kashmir, the need to address mental health in this region becomes important. This paper reports on traditional and current community mental health coping mechanisms among residents in Kashmir. Six focus group discussions (FGD) were facilitated with key informants. Data were analyzed via a thematic analytic approach. Community coping mechanisms reported include social spaces and shared chore spaces, cultural practices, shrines and religious places, faithealers. These findings demonstrate community strengths that can leverage to build additional coping strategies and resilience among people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Bashir
- Department of Social Work, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Essar Batool
- Department of Social Work, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Triptish Bhatia
- Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, ABVIMS-Dr.R.M.L. RML Hospital New Delhi, India
| | - Sheikh Shoib
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | | | - Unjum Bashir
- Islamic University of Science and Technology, India
| | | | | | - Mary E. Hawk
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, USA
| | - Smita Deshpande
- Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, ABVIMS-Dr.R.M.L. RML Hospital New Delhi, India
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Arnout BA. The grief of loss among breast cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: How can palliative care workers help? Work 2022; 74:1299-1308. [PMID: 36565093 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer patients suffer from different losses. Studies have focused on examining grief resulting from cancer diagnosis and grief among caregivers of cancer patients and parents who lost their child to cancer. However, there are no studies on the grief resulting from losing a loved one in cancer patients. OBJECTIVE This study examined female breast cancer patients' grief and aimed to reveal how palliative care can help breast cancer who experience the grief of losing a loved one. METHODS The study applied the qualitative case study design conducted with 10 women with breast cancer; their ages ranged from 47 to 54 years. Data were collected during 18 in-depth interviews by asking semi-open-closed questions. RESULTS Thematic analysis found that losing a partner negatively affected breast cancer patients' mental health. The grief experience among breast cancer patients has many symptoms: sadness, severe anxiety, sleep disturbance, loneliness, and isolation. Results also indicated many risk factors that increase grief symptoms among breast cancer patients, such as quarantine procedures during the COVID-19 outbreak, extreme emotional attachment to a partner, guilt, self-blame, and social relations. Patients with breast cancer can face grief experienced by coping strategies such as: resorting to God, prayer, patience, and reading the Holy Qur'an. The results also emphasize the importance of integrating palliative care with treatment for breast cancer patients who experience the grief of loss. CONCLUSION The grief of loss among breast cancer patients is a complex experience. These findings have many applied aspects that benefit planning counseling and psychological programs to increase positive coping strategies for those patients with breast cancer suffering from grief of loss disorder and provide psychological services that protect them from risk factors and reduce grief symptoms which reduce the effectiveness of cancer treatments due to the symptoms of traumatic loss of a partner. These findings also emphasize the importance of palliative care for cancer patients with complex distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshra A Arnout
- Department of Psychology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Psychology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Depression, anxiety and stress among people infected with COVID-19 in Dhaka and Chittagong cities. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10415. [PMID: 36060465 PMCID: PMC9422344 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Covid-19 is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by novel coronavirus 2019. Many individuals have suffered or are experiencing psychological symptoms due to feelings of isolation, insecurity and instability triggered by Covid-19. This study aimed to explore the perceived psychological distress and associated factors among people infected with Covid-19 in Dhaka and Chittagong cities. Methods Using the face-to-face interview method, a survey was conducted from 23 April to 22 May 2021 on a questionnaire on depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21), socio-demographic, economic and health factors. Among those who had ever been infected with Covid-19, a total of 2092 respondents (1180 from Dhaka and 912 from Chittagong) were randomly selected and interviewed. χ2 test for independence of attributes was employed to observe the association of various socioeconomic, cultural, demographic and health factors with psychological distress. Moreover, multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the factors that contributed to psychological distress. Results Among participants from Dhaka, of three mental health conditions, the prevalence was higher for anxiety (80.0%), followed by stress (64.2%) and depression (59.8%), respectively. Anxiety was also more prevalent (57.3) among respondents in Chittagong, followed by depression (47.7%) and stress (39.5%). As the coexistence of symptoms, 52.8% of respondents in Dhaka, 34.4% in Chittagong experienced depression, anxiety and stress simultaneously. Moreover, in both Dhaka and Chittagong, all three psychological symptoms were strongly correlated in pairs. Multivariate analysis revealed that the most consistent factors associated with mild to moderate (MM), and severe to extremely severe (SES) depression were respondents from Chittagong who were illiterate or primary educated (OR = 0.166, CI: 0.076–0.364 for MM and OR = 0.041, CI: 0.013–0.131 for SES), male (OR = 0.999, CI: 0.666–1.496 for MM and OR = 0.395, CI: 0.249–0.625 for SES), single (OR = 0.393, CI: 0.157–0.982 for MM and OR = 0.121, CI: 0.049–0.303 for SES) and married (OR = 0.403, CI: 0.177–0.916 for MM and OR = 0.075, CI: 0.033–0.167 for SES), had a family of size ≤ 4 (OR = 0.253, CI: 0.140–0.458 for MM and OR = 0.114, CI: 0.059–0.218 for SES) and a family of size 5–6 (OR = 0.151, CI: 0.084–0.272), and no family members at risk being infected with Covid-19 (OR = 0.699, CI: 0.487–1.002 for MM and OR = 0.332, CI: 0.199–0.522 for SES). The analysis yielded similar findings for the other two mental health subscales, such as anxiety and stress. For respondents in Dhaka, the effect of factors other than sex on psychological distress was the opposite in Chittagong. Overall, psychological distress during the outbreak was greater among respondents in Dhaka than in Chittagong if respondents were not classified based on various characteristics. Conclusion This study showed that in both Dhaka and Chittagong, a substantially large portion of Covid-19-infected respondents experienced all three psychological distress (e.g., depression, anxiety and stress). Regardless of the dissimilarity between the results in Dhaka and Chittagong, better mental health support was needed for women in both cities.
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Latifeh Y, Jaredh MW, Nasri L, Shriedy D, Al-Mahdi A, Murtada MW. Knowledge, stigma, and beliefs toward mental illnesses among schoolteachers in Damascus. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1054-1062. [PMID: 33969746 PMCID: PMC9310142 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211015701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teachers have an important role in promoting the mental wellbeing of their students, hence their knowledge and attitudes toward mental health disorders should be assessed. A very few studies regarding this topic were conducted in Syria, but due to the recent events which have had occurred the country, it is essential to deal with students who suffer from mental illnesses professionally especially that such disorders may be stigmatized by the society. AIMS This paper aims to investigate knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes toward mental disorders in a sample of Syrian schoolteachers. METHOD A cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire was conducted in Damascus and Refdimashq, involving 400 teachers from 16 schools. RESULTS The results showed that the prevalence of stigmatizing positions toward psychiatric illnesses was low among teachers. The contributors did not state a correlation between spiritual beliefs and psychological disorders. It was also found that teachers were neutral in their knowledge about mental illnesses and psychiatric treatment or interventions along with their mental health resources. However, 42.5% of the participants use the internet for such purposes. CONCLUSION In general, teachers of Damascus and its Refdimashq had a reasonable degree of awareness about mental disorders and treatments. Furthermore, neither stigma nor the relation between religious thoughts and mental disorders had been ascertained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Latifeh
- Syrian Private University, Syria.,Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Mhd Wael Jaredh
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Lulia Nasri
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Duaa Shriedy
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Ayat Al-Mahdi
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Mhd Wasim Murtada
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, Syrian Arab Republic
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Akbarbegloo M, Sanaeefar M, Majid P, Mohammadzadeh M. Psychosocial care experiences of patients with COVID-19 at home in Iran: A qualitative study. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:264-274. [PMID: 34180102 PMCID: PMC8444798 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the onset peak of COVID-19, as well as a shortage of human resources, physical environment, protective and medical equipment in hospitals, many patients with mild to moderate symptoms of COVID-19 are pushed to home care. This condition not only raises public health concerns but also causes a number of psychosocial problems. Therefore, this study intends to examine the psychosocial experiences of patients with COVID-19 after passing the crisis stage. A qualitative study with a conventional content analysis method was used. Thirty participants were selected using purposeful sampling from Khoy Educational and Medical Centers from 20 March to 20 June 2020. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analysed by continuous comparative analysis using MAXQDA 10 software. The concepts extracted from data analysis identified eight subthemes and three main themes. Social rejection theme includes three subthemes: 'Insularity of the patient', 'Concealment' and 'patient as the life-threatening center'. Lack of support theme consists of three subthemes including: 'financial concerns', 'non-response of the treatment team after discharge' and 'concerns about the persistent condition of the disease'. Efforts to gain mental peace theme has two subthemes: 'recourse to spirituality' and 'strengthening hope'. According to the results of the present study, it is necessary to examine the psychological and social needs of patients. Also, by identifying high-risk groups, supportive psychological networks such as telephone, internet and on-site medical services to help patients, medical worker and others affected in overcoming psychological problems should be increased. Providing free service packages such as the Internet, free financial aid to damaged jobs and creating the necessary platforms for online shopping and payment services, as well as training on how to plan and practice rehabilitation at home for patients and family caregivers can be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Akbarbegloo
- Pediatric Nursing DepartmentFaculty of NursingKhoy University of Medical SciencesKhoyIran
| | - Mahnaz Sanaeefar
- Pediatric Nursing DepartmentFaculty of NursingKhoy University of Medical SciencesKhoyIran
| | - Purabdollah Majid
- Nursing and Midwifery CollegeTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Simkhada B, Vahdaninia M, van Teijlingen E, Blunt H. Cultural issues on accessing mental health services in Nepali and Iranian migrants communities in the UK. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2021; 30:1610-1619. [PMID: 34291560 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mental health in Black Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) communities is a rising public health concern in the UK, with key challenges around accessing mental health services. Our understanding of mental health issues in the growing Nepali and Iranian communities in the UK is very limited. Therefore, this study aims to explore the major factors affecting access to, and engagement with NHS mental health services. This study used a qualitative approach comprising in-depth interviews with seven Nepali, eight Iranians and six community mental health workers in the south of England. The data were analysed using a thematic approach. Six themes were identified: (1) stigma and fear; (2) gender; (3) language; (4) tradition and culture; (5) family involvement; and (6) lack of cultural awareness in health workers, all appearing to be major issues. This study contributes to a shared understanding of mental illness within two given cultural contexts to promote early interventions in UK mental health services. Developing cross-cultural perspectives in health care should be a priority in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibha Simkhada
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Mariam Vahdaninia
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | | | - Hannah Blunt
- Dorset Healthcare, University NHS Foundation Trust, Dorset, UK
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Bal Y, Kökalan Ö. The Moderating Effect of Religiosity on the Relationship Between Burnout and Job Satisfaction. Front Psychol 2021; 12:750493. [PMID: 34777147 PMCID: PMC8585848 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.750493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the moderating effect of employees’ religiosity on the relationship between their burnout and job satisfaction. The research was carried out on a total of 326 people working in the banking, education, and tourism sectors. According to the research results, a significant negative relationship was found between the burnout levels of the employees and their job satisfaction. The research also determined that intrinsic religious orientation reduced the negative effect between burnout and job satisfaction, while extrinsic religious orientation had no moderating effect on the negative relationship between burnout and job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Bal
- Department of Business Administration, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgür Kökalan
- Department of Business Administration, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Chan HWQ, Sun CFR. Irrational beliefs, depression, anxiety, and stress among university students in Hong Kong. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2021; 69:827-841. [PMID: 32149578 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1710516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Academic stress, depression, and anxiety among university students has been a great concern globally. Literature review shows that university students may harbor irrational beliefs that could play a significant role in causing emotional disturbances. Objective: The aims of this study were to examine the relationship of irrational beliefs with emotional disturbances in university students, and the differences in irrational beliefs and depression, anxiety, and stress between students with different socio-demographic and academic backgrounds. Participants and method: Data was collected from 655 local Hong Kong university students. Results and conclusions: University students having higher levels of irrational beliefs were more likely to have depression, anxiety, and stress. Two-way MANOVA results showed that second-year students had more awfulizing beliefs than third-year students in the faculties of Engineering and Education. Results of ANOVA and the Independent Sample t-test revealed that male students, students from low income families, Law students, those pursuing 5-year programs, or those in the second year of study were likely to have more irrational beliefs. In addition, male students, medical students, those studying 5-year programs were found having significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Limitations and implications were discussed.
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Cruz MS, Silva ES, Jakaite Z, Krenzinger M, Valiati L, Gonçalves D, Ribeiro E, Heritage P, Priebe S. Experience of neighbourhood violence and mental distress in Brazilian favelas: a cross-sectional household survey. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2021; 4:100067. [PMID: 36776712 PMCID: PMC9903930 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2021.100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Living in informal settlements with extensive neighbourhood violence has been shown to be linked with poorer mental health. However, there is little evidence as to whether different levels of personal experiences and fears of neighbourhood violence within such settlements affect mental health. This study assessed such personal experiences and fears of residents in favelas in Brazil. We tested whether variations predict mental health symptoms and quality of life, and whether this is independent of the influence of sociodemographic characteristics and poverty. Methods In a population-based survey of adults living in a group of favelas in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, we assessed: sociodemographic characteristics; extent of personal experiences and fear of neighbourhood violence; mental health symptoms on the Brief Symptom Inventory; and quality of life on the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life. Univariate and multivariate regressions were fit to predict mental health symptoms and quality of life. Findings We interviewed 1,211 residents. Both more experiences of neighbourhood violence and more fear of violence predicted higher levels of mental health symptoms and poorer quality of life. In multivariate regression analyses, the associations remained significant after adjusting for the influence of other factors, in particular female gender, younger age, and marked poverty. Interpretation Even within a context in which the whole population can be exposed to violence and economic disadvantage, individual variations in the experiences of violence still make a significant difference for mental distress and quality of life. Policies to improve mental health and quality of life of residents in informal settlements need to address risk factors separately, most importantly the personal experiences of violence and poverty. Funding Economic and Social Research Council and Arts and Humanities Research Council in the United Kingdom. Antecedentes Viver em assentamentos informais, com ampla violência na vizinhança, parece estar associado a piores condições de saúde mental. No entanto, há poucas evidências de que, nestes locais, os diferentes níveis de experiências pessoais e o medo da violência na vizinhança afetem a saúde mental. Este estudo avaliou experiências pessoais e medos de moradores de favelas no Brasil. Testamos se tais variações predizem sintomas de saúde mental e qualidade de vida, e se isso é independente da influência das características sociodemográficas e da pobreza. Métodos Com base em um inquérito domiciliar de base populacional, realizado com adultos residentes em um grupo de favelas do Complexo da Maré, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, foram observadas: características sociodemográficas; a extensão das experiências pessoais de exposição à violência e o medo da violência na vizinhança; sintomas de saúde mental, a partir do Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos (BSI); e qualidade de vida, a partir da escala Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life (MANSA). Regressões univariadas e multivariadas foram ajustadas para explicar variações nos sintomas de saúde mental e qualidade de vida. Resultados Entrevistamos 1.211 pessoa adultas residentes na Maré. Tanto maiores níveis de exposição a experiências de violência na vizinhança quanto mais medo dessa violência estiveram relacionados a piores níveis de saúde mental (maior número e intensidade de sintomas no BSI) e pior qualidade de vida. Nas análises de regressão multivariada, tais associações permaneceram significativas mesmo após controlarmos pela influência de outros fatores, em particular sexo (feminino), idade (mais jovem) e pobreza acentuada. Interpretação Mesmo em um contexto no qual toda a população pode estar exposta à violência e a desvantagens materiais e econômicas, as variações individuais nas experiências de violência ainda assim fazem diferença significativa nas condições de sofrimento mental e qualidade de vida. Políticas para melhorar a saúde mental e a qualidade de vida dos residentes de assentamentos informais, como as favelas, precisam abordar fatores de risco separadamente focando, principalmente, na redução da exposição a experiências pessoais de violência e da pobreza. Financiamento Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) e Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), ambos do Reino Unido.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Santos Cruz
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Psychiatry, Av. Venceslau Brás 71 fundos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Zip code: 22290-140
| | - Eliana Sousa Silva
- Redes da Maré. R, Sargento Silva Nunes 1012. Nova Holanda, Maré, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Zip code: 21044-242
| | - Zivile Jakaite
- Queen Mary University of London, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry. Newham Centre for Mental Health, London E13 8SP
| | - Miriam Krenzinger
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, School of Social Work. Av. Pasteur, 250, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Zip code: 22290-240
| | - Leandro Valiati
- University of Manchester. Institute of Cultural Practices. Department of Art History and Cultural Practices. Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL
| | - Dalcio Gonçalves
- Redes da Maré. R, Sargento Silva Nunes 1012. Nova Holanda, Maré, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Zip code: 21044-242
| | - Eduardo Ribeiro
- Rio de Janeiro State University, Social Science Institute. Department of Sociology, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Zip code: 20550-900
| | - Paul Heritage
- Queen Mary University of London, People's Palace Projects. c/o School of English and Drama, QMUL Mile End Road, London E1 4NS
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Queen Mary University of London, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry. Newham Centre for Mental Health, London E13 8SP,Corresponding Author: Professor Stefan Priebe, Queen Mary University of London, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry. Newham Centre for Mental Health, London E13 8SP, Tell: 0044-(0)20-75404210
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Lamba N, Bhatia A, Shrivastava A, Raghavan A. Religious factors affecting death anxiety in older adults practicing Hinduism. DEATH STUDIES 2021; 46:1973-1981. [PMID: 33576724 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.1876789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the influence of religion on death anxiety in older adults (N = 105) practicing Hinduism and visiting the Kumbh pilgrimage. Standardized questionnaires and brief interviews were administered in participants' native language. Pilgrims with higher religiosity had lower death anxiety compared to pilgrims with lower religiosity. Greater belief in the cycle of rebirth, an increased presence of meaning in life, and less continued search of meaning in life were significantly associated with lower death anxiety. The findings provide support for incorporating religious and spiritual awareness for older adults in community health settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Lamba
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aditi Bhatia
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anita Shrivastava
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Classification of normal and depressed EEG signals based on centered correntropy of rhythms in empirical wavelet transform domain. Health Inf Sci Syst 2021; 9:9. [PMID: 33604030 DOI: 10.1007/s13755-021-00139-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A widespread brain disorder of present days is depression which influences 264 million of the world's population. Depression may cause diverse undesirable consequences, including poor physical health, suicide, and self-harm if left untreated. Depression may have adverse effects on the personal, social, and professional lives of individuals. Both neurologists and researchers are trying to detect depression by challenging brain signals of Electroencephalogram (EEG) with chaotic and non-stationary characteristics. It is essential to detect early-stage depression to help patients obtain the best treatment promptly to prevent harmful consequences. In this paper, we proposed a new method based on centered correntropy (CC) and empirical wavelet transform (EWT) for the classification of normal and depressed EEG signals. The EEG signals are decomposed to rhythms by EWT and then CC of rhythms is computed as the discrimination feature and fed to K-nearest neighbor and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. The proposed method was evaluated using EEG signals recorded from 22 depression and 22 normal subjects. We achieved 98.76%, 98.47%, and 99.05% average classification accuracy (ACC), sensitivity, and specificity in a 10-fold cross-validation strategy by using an SVM classifier. Such efficient results conclude that the method proposed can be used as a fast and accurate computer-aided detection system for the diagnosis of patients with depression in clinics and hospitals.
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20
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Sultan S, Kanwal F, Hussain I. Moderating Effects of Personality Traits in Relationship Between Religious Practices and Mental Health of University Students. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:2458-2468. [PMID: 31273673 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-019-00875-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on examining the effects of personality traits in moderating relationship between religiosity and mental health of university students. It was conducted on a sample of (N = 372) university students aged between 20 and 26 years equated to gender: 186 male and 186 female students at Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan. The religiosity, mental health and personality traits were measured by using the scale of Religiosity of Islam, Inventory of Mental Health and Big Five Inventory, respectively. The correlation analyses showed the significant relationship of religiosity with behavioral control but negatively associated with anxiety and depression as two dimensions of mental health. The results further demonstrated that openness to experience and agreeableness as traits of students' personality considerably moderated the relationship of religiosity and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwat Sultan
- Department of Applied Psychology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Frasat Kanwal
- Department of Applied Psychology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Hussain
- Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
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21
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Kobayashi D, First MB, Shimbo T, Kanba S, Hirano Y. Association of self-reported religiosity with the development of major depression in multireligious country Japan. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 74:535-541. [PMID: 32618044 PMCID: PMC7586836 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM In Western Christian countries, religiosity is generally believed to be associated with a lower risk for depression, which is supported by epidemiological evidence. However, the association between religiosity and depression in multireligious countries is unknown. The objective was to evaluate the association between religiosity and subsequent depression in a multireligious population. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted in a large hospital in Tokyo, Japan, from 2005 to 2018. All participants who underwent health check-ups without a prior history of depression or depression at baseline were included. Our outcome was development of major depressive disorder (MDD), which was compared according to the degree of religiosity, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Among 67 723 adult participants, those who were more religious tended to be older, female, married, and to have healthier habits but also more medical comorbidities at baseline. During a median follow-up of 2528 days, 1911 (2.8%) participants developed MDD. Compared to the reference group, religious group participants tended to have higher odds ratios (OR) for developing MDD in a dose-dependent manner. Among them, the extremely religious group (OR, 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-1.78) and the moderately religious group (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.14-1.49) were statistically associated with increased development of MDD compared to the not-religious-at-all group. Those who had increased their religiosity from baseline had statistically lower development of MDD (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.97) compared to those who remained in the same degree of religiosity from baseline. CONCLUSION Religiosity was associated with future MDD in a dose-dependent manner in a multireligious population, which was in the opposite direction from that seen in previous Western longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Kobayashi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology, St. Luke's International University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.,Fujita Heath University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Michael B First
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | | | - Shigenobu Kanba
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoji Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Malik F, Kamal A. PERCEPTION OF HOARDING BEHAVIOR AMONG GENERAL POPULATION OF RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD CITIES OF PAKISTAN: AN EXPLORATORY QUALITATIVE INQUIRY. GOMAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.46903/gjms/18.03.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hoarding is a complex phenomenon that has received extensive attention in recent years. Most studies have been conducted in Western culture with few from other regions of world, which advocates need to explore the phenomenon in different cultural contexts. Objective of this study was to ascertain the perception of hoarding behavior among general population of Rawalpindi and Islamabad cities of Pakistan.Materials Methods: This exploratory qualitative study with grounded theory design was conducted in National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan from September 2015-May 2016. Sample of 46 subjects from different socio-cultural backgrounds was selected from otherwise healthy adult (20-60 years) population of Rawalpindi Islamabad cities of Pakistan by purposive sampling. A qualitative research methodology was employed to develop theoretical understanding of phenomenon. Focus group discussions with six groups were conducted to assess existence and phenomenology of hoarding behavior in present cultural framework. Data was analyzed using grounded theory method.Results: Findings of this study support current literature concerning the role of emotional attachments, associated positive and negative affect, certain personality characteristics and early experiences in development and maintenance of hoarding behavior. This study also confirms that material possessions are source of security by providing sense of identity to owner, and are considered symbols of status in society. Finally, it involves the account of socio-cultural aspects like status transformation, with resulting sense of competition, gender role, impact of material deprivation, and religious construction of phenomenon that emerged as more of culture specific elements in indigenous settings of Pakistan.Conclusion: This study addresses factors that underpin major themes in relation to form and prevalence of hoarding behavior in cultural context of Pakistan and discusses the findings in reference to the similarities and differences with extant literature.
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Olawa BD, Idemudia ES. Association between schizotypal personality trait and dispositional optimism among prisoners: Findings from some selected male prisoners in a Nigerian prison. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2020.1781426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Babatola Dominic Olawa
- Lifestyle Diseases Mafikeng, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
| | - Erhabor Sunday Idemudia
- Lifestyle Diseases Mafikeng, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
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Chomchoei C, Apidechkul T, Keawdounglek V, Wongfu C, Khunthason S, Kullawong N, Tamornpark R, Upala P, Yeemard F. Prevalence of and factors associated with depression among hill tribe individuals aged 30 years and over in Thailand. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04273. [PMID: 32613129 PMCID: PMC7322052 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a silent health problem that can lead to severe and sometimes fatal outcomes if individuals are not diagnosed and treated properly; this is particularly true in populations with limited education, low economic status and several barriers to accessing health services, such as the hill tribe people in Thailand. METHODS This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the prevalence of and factors associated with depression among hill tribe individuals aged 30 years and over. A validated questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used for data collection in an interview format in a private and confidential room. Logistic regression was used to detect the associations of variables with depression at a significance level of α = 0.05. RESULTS A total of 2,552 participants were recruited for the analysis; 65.9% were females, 79.9% were married, 35.8% were aged 50 years and over, and 54.2% were Buddhist. The majority were uneducated (76.7%), were agriculturalists (48.4%), and had a low family income (71.2%). The overall prevalence of depression was 12.0%. In the multivariate analysis, eight variables were found to be significantly associated with depression among hill tribe adults aged 30 years and over in Thailand. Being female, 50 years or older, married, and Christian; living with a relative; smoking; using opium; and having moderate and high stress levels were associated with depression. CONCLUSION Effective public health interventions should be considered to reduce the burden of depression in the hill tribe population by focusing on individuals who are female, 50 years or older, married, Christian, and stressed and those who abuse substances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tawatchai Apidechkul
- Center of Excellence for the Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Vivat Keawdounglek
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Chanyanut Wongfu
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Siriyaporn Khunthason
- Center of Excellence for the Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Niwed Kullawong
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Ratipark Tamornpark
- Center of Excellence for the Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Panupong Upala
- Center of Excellence for the Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Fartima Yeemard
- Center of Excellence for the Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
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Analysis of Life Quality in a Tropical Mountain City Using a Multi-Criteria Geospatial Technique: A Case Study of Kandy City, Sri Lanka. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12072918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The blooming of urban expansion has led to the improvement of urban life, but some of the negative externalities have affected the life quality of urban dwellers, both directly and indirectly. As a result of this, research related to the quality of life has gained much attention among multidisciplinary researchers around the world. A number of attempts have been made by previous researchers to identify, assess, quantify, and map quality of life or well-being under various kinds of perspectives. The objectives of this research were to create a life quality index (LQI) and identify the spatial distribution pattern of LQI in Kandy City, Sri Lanka. Multiple factors were decomposed, a hierarchy was constructed by the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method, and 13 factors were selected under two main criteria—environmental and socioeconomic. Pairwise comparison matrices were created, and the weight of each factor was determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, gradient analysis was employed to examine the spatial distribution pattern of LQI from the city center to the periphery. The results show that socioeconomic factors affect the quality of life more strongly than environmental factors, and the most significant factor is transportation. The highest life quality zones (26% of the total area) were distributed around the city center, while the lowest zones represented only 9% of the whole area. As shown in the gradient analysis, more than 50% of the land in the first five kilometers from the city center comes under the highest life quality zone. This research will provide guidance for the residents and respective administrative bodies to make Kandy City a livable city. It the constructed model can be applied to any geographical area by conducting necessary data calibration.
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Bhattacharyya KK. The sacred relationship between marriage, spirituality and healthy aging in Hinduism. JOURNAL OF RELIGION, SPIRITUALITY & AGING 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15528030.2019.1670771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Al Eid NA, Alqahtani MM, Marwa K, Arnout BA, Alswailem HS, Al Toaimi AA. Religiosity, Psychological Resilience, and Mental Health Among Breast Cancer Patients in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 14:1178223420903054. [PMID: 32214820 PMCID: PMC7081476 DOI: 10.1177/1178223420903054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the correlations of religiosity and psychological resilience with mental health among cancer patients and to examine whether religiosity and psychological resilience can predict mental health. Method The sample consisted of 329 patients. Researchers applied Islamic Religiosity Scale, Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale, and the scale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression. Results The results showed that there are positive, statistically significant correlations between religiosity and psychological resilience, while there were negative, statistically significant correlations of religiosity and psychological resilience with mental health. And there are correlations between the alternative therapeutic interventions currently used to religiosity and psychological resilience, while there were no statistically significant correlations between alternative therapeutic interventions that the patient will use in the future to religiosity and psychological resilience. The results also revealed the possibility of predicting mental health through religiosity and psychological resilience. Conclusion These results emphasized the importance of increased religiosity and psychological resilience among cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal A Al Eid
- Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Arts, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khaldoun Marwa
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Boshra A Arnout
- Department of Psychology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Psychology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hajar S Alswailem
- Department of Islamic Culture, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Al Anoud Al Toaimi
- Department of Business Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kaplan B, Hardesty JJ, Martini S, Megatsari H, Kennedy RD, Cohen JE. The Effectiveness of Cigarette Pack Health Warning Labels with Religious Messages in an Urban Setting in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214287. [PMID: 31694236 PMCID: PMC6862042 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to assess the effectiveness of religious cigarette health warning labels (HWLs) in Indonesia, a country with a high public health burden from tobacco use. The study tested different religious and nonreligious messages related to suicide, secondhand smoke (SHS) and gangrene. Participants were smokers and non-smokers from Surabaya, Indonesia (n = 817). Participants rated each HWL for its effectiveness on a scale of 1 to 10 (1 = “not at all”, 10 = “extremely”) with respect to 10 items. Nonreligious HWLs were marginally superior for SHS and suicide while religious HWLs were marginally superior for gangrene. Given the close rating scores between religious and nonreligious HWLs, they were functionally equal in effectiveness. With proper assessment of potential unintended consequences, the implementation of religious HWLs could be considered for a proportion of HWLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekir Kaplan
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-410-614-5378
| | - Jeffrey J. Hardesty
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Santi Martini
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Airlangga, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Hario Megatsari
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Airlangga, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Ryan D. Kennedy
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joanna E. Cohen
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Abu HO, McManus DD, Lessard DM, Kiefe CI, Goldberg RJ. Religious practices and changes in health-related quality of life after hospital discharge for an acute coronary syndrome. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2019; 17:149. [PMID: 31481073 PMCID: PMC6724337 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-019-1218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Religious beliefs and practices influence coping mechanisms and quality of life in patients with various chronic illnesses. However, little is known about the influence of religious practices on changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among hospital survivors of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The present study examined the association between several items assessing religiosity and clinically meaningful changes in HRQOL between 1 and 6 months after hospital discharge for an ACS. Methods We recruited patients hospitalized for an ACS at six medical centers in Central Massachusetts and Georgia (2011–2013). Participants reported making petition prayers for their health, awareness of intercessory prayers by others, and deriving strength/comfort from religion. Generic HRQOL was assessed with the SF-36®v2 physical and mental component summary scores. Disease-specific HRQOL was evaluated using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire Quality of Life subscale (SAQ-QOL). We separately examined the association between each measure of religiosity and the likelihood of experiencing clinically meaningful increase in disease-specific HRQOL (defined as increases by ≥10.0 points) and Generic HRQOL (defined as increases by ≥3.0 points) between 1- and 6-months post-hospital discharge. Results Participants (n = 1039) were, on average, 62 years old, 33% were women, and 86% were non-Hispanic White. Two-thirds reported praying for their health, 88% were aware of intercessions by others, and 85% derived strength/comfort from religion. Approximately 42, 40, and 26% of participants experienced clinically meaningful increases in their mental, physical, and disease-specific HRQOL respectively. After adjustment for sociodemographic, psychosocial, and clinical characteristics, petition (aOR:1.49; 95% CI: 1.09–2.04) and intercessory (aOR:1.72; 95% CI: 1.12–2.63) prayers for health were associated with clinically meaningful increases in disease-specific and physical HRQOL respectively. Conclusions Most ACS survivors in a contemporary, multiracial cohort acknowledged praying for their health, were aware of intercessory prayers made for their health and derived strength and comfort from religion. Patients who prayed for their health and those aware of intercessions made for their health experienced improvement in their generic physical and disease-specific HRQOL over time. Healthcare providers should recognize that patients may use prayer as a coping strategy for improving their well-being and recovery after a life-threatening illness. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12955-019-1218-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawa O Abu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
| | - David D McManus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Darleen M Lessard
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Catarina I Kiefe
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Robert J Goldberg
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
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Somefun OD. Religiosity and sexual abstinence among Nigerian youths: does parent religion matter? BMC Public Health 2019; 19:416. [PMID: 30999890 PMCID: PMC6472019 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religion plays an important role in youth behaviours, making it a significant factor in the discourse on youth sexuality in sub-Saharan Africa. Several studies have found that religion and religiosity play an important role in the sexual behaviours of young people. However, little research in Nigeria has examined the mechanisms through which religiosity influences youth sexual behaviour and if parents' religion moderates this relationship. Guided by the social control theory, this paper contributes to the existing literature by examining the relationship between religiosity and youth sexual behaviour. METHODS Data for the study came from 2399 male and female youth aged 16-24 years in four states purposively selected from four regions in Nigeria. Abstinence was the sexual behaviour of interest. Logistic regression was used to examine this relationship. RESULTS Results showed that 68% of the youth had never had sex. Religiosity was a protective factor for youth sexual behaviour and this positive association was still evident even after controlling for other covariates. Youth who were highly religious (OR - 1.81, CI- 1.13-2.88) had significantly higher odds of abstaining compared to their counterparts who were not religious. CONCLUSION Religiosity is a protective factor for sexual abstinence among youth in Nigeria. Policy makers can work around using religious institutions for behavioural change among youth in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseyi Dolapo Somefun
- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, Faculties of Health Sciences and Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Bakhtiari A, Yadollahpur M, Omidvar S, Ghorbannejad S, Bakouei F. Does Religion Predict Health-Promoting Behaviors in Community-Dwelling Elderly People? JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2019; 58:452-464. [PMID: 30291531 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-018-0710-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As the aging phenomenon gains importance in many societies, regular health-promoting activities by the elderlies become more crucial for disability reduction and their health promotion. Religious viewpoints and perspectives can have an influence on the individuals' assessment of life events. Recent studies show a correlation between religiosity and mental health. However, there is limited number of studies on the relationship between religiosity and health behaviors, especially in elderly. The purpose of this research is to evaluate religion's predictive power in health-improving behaviors of the elderly. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 316 community-dwelling elderly with the mean age of 67.9 ± 6.6 years, who were functionally independent without cognitive or mental impairments. Health-promoting lifestyle profile 2 assessment (HPLP2) and Alport questionnaires were used to assess health behaviors and religious orientation, respectively. Data analysis was performed by independent T test and multiple linear regression models with SPSS version 23. An internal religious orientation was found in 71 elderly; this accounts for 22.5% of the study population. Based on the health behavior scoring 154 individuals, 48.8% of the study population obtained a score of higher or equal to 139. These individuals were placed on third quartile and higher. Among the health behavior components, "the health responsibility" was the only component related to religious orientation [internal 25.1 ± 6.6 (P < 0.001, r = 0.78) vs. external 22.6 ± 6.5 (P > 0.05, r = 0.22)]. Based on the multiple linear regression models, no significant relationship was found between total health behavior score and religious orientation. However, a significant relationship existed between the participants' health behaviors and some of their profile. The results indicate that despite good health behaviors in nearly half of the elderlies, no significant relationship was found between health behavior and religious orientation. The results suggest possible impact of other religion-related concepts including private religious behaviors, devotion, spiritual transcendence, religious adaptation, and religious traditions and experiences on the health behaviors. These concepts require further study for better understanding of their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Bakhtiari
- Midwifery Department, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammadhadi Yadollahpur
- Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shabnam Omidvar
- Midwifery Department, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Bakouei
- Midwifery Department, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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Çam MO, Uğuryol M. Ruhsal Hastalıktan İyileşmeye Kültürel Etki. PSIKIYATRIDE GUNCEL YAKLASIMLAR - CURRENT APPROACHES IN PSYCHIATRY 2019. [DOI: 10.18863/pgy.391783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Retraction: Religion and mental health. Indian J Psychiatry 2019; 61:S632. [PMID: 31123368 PMCID: PMC6366288 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.249884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This retracts the article on p. S187 in vol. 55, PMID: 23858253.].
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Tomita A, Ramlall S. A Nationwide Panel Study on Religious Involvement and Depression in South Africa: Evidence from the South African National Income Dynamics Study. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2018; 57:2279-2289. [PMID: 29305744 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0551-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Panel data from the South African National Income Dynamics Study, a nationally representative sample of households (years 2008, 2010 and 2012), were used to examine the longitudinal association between religious involvement and depression risk. Approximately 89.6-91.8% identified themselves as religiously affiliated, while 88.0-90.3% perceived religion to be important in South Africa during the observed study periods. A short-term association between religious involvement and significant depressive symptomatology was not detected, but logistic regression models that accounted for the clustering of repeated observations within participants indicated that, over time, those with religious affiliations (aOR 0.85, 95% CI 0.76-0.96) were at a lower risk than those not affiliated. Furthermore, individuals who reported religious activity as being important (aOR 0.81; 95% CI 0.73-0.91) were at less risk of significant depressive symptomatology over time than those rating religious activity as not important. Our study points to the potentially important role of religious involvement as an emerging area of investigation toward improving mental health at a population level in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Tomita
- Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X7, Durban, South Africa.
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing (KRISP), Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KduuwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Suvira Ramlall
- Department of Psychiatry, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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The Role of Religious Behavior in Health Self-Management: A Community-Based Participatory Research Study. RELIGIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rel9110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence of chronic disease, mental health problems, and risk behaviors in San Bernardino (SB) County reflect some of the worst health outcomes in the State of California and the United States. Using the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change (ITHBC) as the theoretical framework, this community-based participatory research (CBPR) study aimed to determine how religious self-regulation skills and ability, and religious behaviors, jointly affect health promotion behaviors among socio-economically challenged residents of southwest SB County, California. A convenience sample of adult residents (N = 261) completed a series of inventories to measure the relationship between modified ITHBC constructs of religious self-regulation skills, religious self-management behaviors, and health outcomes. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis was conducted to validate the strong positive effect of religious self-regulation skills and ability on how frequently individuals engage in both organized and non-organized religious activities. Results also indicated a significant positive impact of religious behaviors towards healthy eating behaviors. However, without the engagement in religious activities, high religious self-regulation skills and ability inhibited the likelihood of healthy food intake. This faith-related theoretical model provides an avenue for faith-based organizations’ capacity for contributing to community health promotion.
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Complementary Medicine & Spirituality: Health-Seeking Behaviors of Indian Immigrants in the United States. J Christ Nurs 2018; 36:190-195. [PMID: 30161059 DOI: 10.1097/cnj.0000000000000546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 3 million India-born immigrants live in the United States, yet their health-seeking behaviors are little understood. Information on health and access to care was collected from 20 adult Indian immigrants living in the United States. Participants preferred complementary and alternative medicine home remedies to address their health needs, although they accessed health services more quickly for their children. They also reported barriers in using insurance and accessing healthcare.
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Upadhyaya SK, Raval CM, Sharma DK. The sociocultural factors and patterns of help-seeking among patients with mental illness in the sub-Himalayan region. Ind Psychiatry J 2018; 27:279-284. [PMID: 31359984 PMCID: PMC6592195 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_95_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Selection of first help in psychiatric illnesses depends on various sociodemographic and environmental factors. In integrated societies like India careers also contribute in deciding help-seeking behavior of psychiatric patients. In this study, we explored these factors and the role of education of decision maker, i.e., person who is final authority in deciding the course of management. AIMS This study aims to study sociocultural factors and patterns of help-seeking behavior of psychiatric patients in rural sub-Himalayan region. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Factors affecting help-seeking behavior such as age, sex, education, occupation, income, accessibility to psychiatric treatment, expenses on faith healers and general practitioners, and education of "decision maker were assessed. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Data were analyzed with GraphPad InStat, using appropriate statistical tests. RESULTS In this study of 250 patients, psychiatrists were chosen as first help by 98 (39%), faith healers by 84 (34%), and general medical practitioners (GMPs) by 68 (27%) patients. Mean "years of education" of patients in psychiatrist group, faith healer group, and GMP group were 9.98, 8.81, and 7.99, respectively (P = 0.08). Mean "years of education" of decision makers for these groups were 11.64, 8.36, and 10.93, respectively (P < 0.001). Time required in reaching psychiatric facility form the residence of patient was maximum in those who consulted faith healers first compared to those who consulted psychiatrist (P < 0.001) or GMP (P < 0.01). Expenses on faith healers were significantly high compared to GMPs (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Psychiatrists, faith healers, and GMPs were equally chosen as first help for psychiatric illness. Education of decision maker and accessibility affect help-seeking behavior significantly. Faith healers were more expensive than GMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chintan M Raval
- Department of Psychiatry, GMERS Medical College, Patan, Gujarat, India
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Munawar K, Tariq O. Exploring Relationship Between Spiritual Intelligence, Religiosity and Life Satisfaction Among Elderly Pakistani Muslims. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2018; 57:781-795. [PMID: 28110428 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study is an effort to explore the relationship between spiritual intelligence, religiosity and life satisfaction in elderly Pakistani Muslims. A non-probability purposive sampling technique is utilized in order to recruit a sample of 100 elderly people (n = 50 men; n = 50 = women). Standardized questionnaires were used for collecting data. Data analysis was carried out using Pearson product-moment correlation analysis and independent sample t test. Findings revealed a significant correlation between spiritual intelligence, religiosity and life satisfaction among Pakistani elderly Muslim people. Gender differences were considered while conducting the study, and findings are valid for both male and female elderly Pakistani Muslims. Some findings of this study endorse findings of some previous studies, and it adds latest insights to the existing body of knowledge on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadeeja Munawar
- Department of Psychology, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue, The Mall, Wah Cantt, Pakistan.
- Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Omama Tariq
- Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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Religion and Depression in South Korea: A Comparison between Buddhism, Protestantism, and Roman Catholicism. RELIGIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/rel9010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zieger A, Mungee A, Schomerus G, Ta TMT, Weyers A, Böge K, Dettling M, Bajbouj M, von Lersner U, Angermeyer MC, Tandon A, Hahn E. Attitude toward psychiatrists and psychiatric medication: A survey from five metropolitan cities in India. Indian J Psychiatry 2017; 59:341-346. [PMID: 29085094 PMCID: PMC5659085 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_190_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stigmatization and overall scarcity of psychiatrists and other mental health-care professionals remain a huge public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries, more specifically in India. Most patients seek help from faith healers, and awareness about psychiatrists and treatment methods is often lacking. Our study aims to explore public attitudes toward psychiatrists and psychiatric medication in five Indian metropolitan cities and to identify factors that could influence these attitudes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Explorative surveys in the context of public attitudes toward psychiatrists and psychiatric medication were conducted using five convenience samples from the general population in Chennai (n = 166), Kolkata (n = 158), Hyderabad (n = 139), Lucknow (n = 183), and Mumbai (n = 278). We used a quota sample with respect to age, gender, and religion using the census data from India as a reference. RESULTS Mean scores indicate that attitudes toward psychiatrists and psychiatric medication are overall negative in urban India. Negative attitudes toward psychiatrists were associated with lower age, lower education, and strong religious beliefs. Negative attitudes toward psychotropic medication were associated with lower age, male gender, lower education, and religion. CONCLUSION In line with the National Mental Health Policy of India, our results support the perception that stigma is widespread. Innovative public health strategies are needed to improve the image of psychiatrists and psychiatric treatment in society and ultimately fill the treatment gap in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aron Zieger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aditya Mungee
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Schomerus
- Department of Psychiatry, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thi Minh Tam Ta
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aino Weyers
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerem Böge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Dettling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Malek Bajbouj
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike von Lersner
- Department of Psychiatry, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Abhinav Tandon
- AKT Neuropsychiatric Centre, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Eric Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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Behere PB, Kumar K, Behere AP. Depression: Why to talk? Indian J Med Res 2017; 145:411-413. [PMID: 28862171 PMCID: PMC5663153 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_295_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Balkrishna Behere
- Vice-Chancellor, Professor of Psychiatry, D. Y. Patil University, Kolhapur 416 006, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kanika Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aniruddh Prakash Behere
- Pediatric Psychiatrist, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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Reinaldo AMDS, Santos RLFD. Religião e transtornos mentais na perspectiva de profissionais de saúde, pacientes psiquiátricos e seus familiares. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-1104201611012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi compreender as percepções de profissionais de saúde, pacientes e seus familiares com relação à religião e aos transtornos psiquiátricos. Estudo etnográfico. Para análise, foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo. Categorias identificadas: 1. Vivência religiosa/espiritualidade como fator que fortalece o indivíduo no enfrentamento da doença; 2. Vivência religiosa/espiritualidade como fator que dificulta o tratamento; 3. Dificuldades do profissional de lidar com a vivência religiosa/espiritualidade de pacientes e familiares. É necessário reconhecer a necessidade de uma abordagem cultural do tema. Muitas perguntas se mantêm sem respostas e desafiam os estudiosos da área.
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Wang Z, Koenig HG, Zhang Y, Ma W, Huang Y. Religious involvement and mental disorders in mainland china. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128800. [PMID: 26030906 PMCID: PMC4451992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aims to examine the association between religious involvement and mental disorder (anxiety disorder, mood disorder, alcohol use disorder) in a general Chinese population, and explore connections between religious belief and mental disorders in the Hui and Han ethnic groups. METHOD Data were examined from a representative sample of 2,770 community-dwelling adults in the province of Ningxia located in western China. Self-reported religious attendance and the importance of religious in daily life were measured. The WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to diagnose mental disorders. RESULTS In the overall sample, the importance of religious affiliation was positively associated with mental disorders (especially anxiety) (p<0.01). No association was found between any religious characteristic and mood disorders or alcohol use disorders. With regard to analyses within different ethnic groups, religious affiliation was positively associated with mental disorder in Han ethnicity (p<0.01), but not in Hui ethnicity. When stratified by age and ethnic group, religious affiliation was associated positively with mental disorder in younger Han (p<0.01); whereas high religiosity was associated positively with mental disorder in older Hui (p<0.05). Among older Hui, however, religious affiliation was inversely associated with mood disorder (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In contrast to most previous studies in Western populations, religious involvement is less likely to be inversely related to mental disorder in Mainland China, although this association varies by age and ethnic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Harold G. Koenig
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wanrui Ma
- Comprehensive Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yueqin Huang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
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SALEHI A, HARRIS N, SEBAR B, COYNE E. Self-perception of quality of life and its association with lifestyle behaviours of young Iranian women. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 44:332-40. [PMID: 25905076 PMCID: PMC4402411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited studies have examined the relationship between quality of life and lifestyle behaviors. The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of quality of life among young Iranian women and its association with lifestyle behaviors. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 391 young women selected through a cluster convenience sampling strategy in Shiraz, Iran. WHOQoL-BREF and satisfaction with life scales were used to measure subjective well-being. The International Health and Behavior survey was used for measuring lifestyle behaviors. RESULTS Young Iranian women were averagely dissatisfied with their life circumstances. The score of psychological quality of life, and social quality of life were below average. According to the findings, higher quality of life is positively related to healthier lifestyle behaviors. Multiple regression analysis showed that smoking and physical activity are the main predictors of quality of life. Findings also demonstrate that diminished quality of life was significantly associated with older age, low income, being single, low level of religiosity, smoking and low levels of physical activity. CONCLUSION In order to improve the situation of young Iranian women, the findings that should be sources of concern to policy makers include the average dissatisfaction with circumstances of life particularly in terms of psychological, social and environmental quality of life. While the health system focus is often upon addressing unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, policy initiatives aimed at improving these circumstances of life for young Iranian women would be of substantial medium to long-term benefit to their wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh SALEHI
- School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Australia,Corresponding Author:
| | - Neil HARRIS
- School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Australia
| | - Bernadette SEBAR
- School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Australia
| | - Elisabeth COYNE
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Australia
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Wang Z, Koenig HG, Al Shohaib S. Religious involvement and tobacco use in mainland China: a preliminary study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:155. [PMID: 25886594 PMCID: PMC4336676 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1478-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoking causes serious health, economic, and social problems throughout the world. Religious involvement is known to be an important predictor of health behaviors and substance use. The present study examines the correlation between religious involvements and tobacco use, and explores connections between religiosity and tobacco use in Muslims and non-Muslims in Western China. Methods Data were examined from a representative sample of 2,770 community-dwelling adults in the province of Ningxia located in Western China. Self-report smoking, past smoking, religious attendance and the importance of religious in daily life were measured. The WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to diagnose tobacco use disorders. Three separate logistic regression models were used to examine correlations between religious involvement and smoking status. Results In the overall sample, religious attendance was inversely associated with current smoking (p < 0.001), as was importance of religion (p < 0.05). Current smoking was also less common in those categorized as high on religious involvement. No association, however, was found between religious involvement and either past smoking or tobacco use disorders. In Muslims, both religion attendance and high religiosity were inversely associated with current smoking (p < 0.001), although no association was found in non-Muslims. Conclusions Religious involvement is inversely related to current smoking in Western China, although this association depends on religious affiliation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China. .,Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27705, USA. .,Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saad Al Shohaib
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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