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Li B, Xu J, Ai R, Zhang H, Wei M, Zhang R, Bao C, Wu W. Safe and Durable Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity via Nourishing and Remineralizing Dentin Based on β-Chitooligosaccharide Graft Derivative. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300359. [PMID: 37292051 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common symptom of various dental diseases that usually produces abnormal pain with external stimuli. Various desensitizers are developed to treat DH by occluding dentine tubules (DTs) or blocking intersynaptic connections of dental sensory nerve cells. However, the main limitations of currently available techniques are the chronic toxic effects of chemically active ingredients and their insufficiently durable efficacy. Herein, a novel DH therapy with remarkable biosafety and durable therapeutic value based on β-chitooligosaccharide graft derivative (CAD) is presented. Particularly, CAD indicates the most energetic results, restoring the amino polysaccharide protective membrane in DTs, significantly promoting calcium and phosphorus ion deposition and bone anabolism, and regulating the levels of immunoglobulin in saliva and cellular inflammatory factors in plasma. Exposed DTs are occluded by remineralized hydroxyapatite with a depth of over 70 µm, as shown in in vitro tests. The bone mineral density of Sprague-Dawley rats' molar dentin increases by 10.96%, and the trabecular thickness of bone improves to about 0.03 µm in 2 weeks in the CAD group compared to the blank group. Overall, the ingenious concept that modified marine biomaterial can be a safe and durable therapy for DH is demonstrated by nourishing and remineralizing dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailei Li
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Jiren Xu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Ruixue Ai
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, 1478, Norway
| | - Haixing Zhang
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Mingjun Wei
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Chunling Bao
- Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
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2
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Tosco V, Vitiello F, Monterubbianesi R, Gatto ML, Orilisi G, Mengucci P, Putignano A, Orsini G. Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040462. [PMID: 37106649 PMCID: PMC10135753 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the loss of mineral content in the enamel surface in early artificial lesions and to assess the remineralizing potential of different agents by means of SEM coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The analysis was performed on the enamel of 36 molars divided into six equal groups, in which the experimental ones (3-6) were treated using remineralizing agents for a 28-day pH cycling protocol as follows: Group 1, sound enamel; Group 2, artificially demineralized enamel; Group 3, CPP-ACP treatment; Group 4, Zn-hydroxyapatite treatment; Group 5, NaF 5% treatment; and Group 6, F-ACP treatment. Surface morphologies and alterations in Ca/P ratio were evaluated using SEM-EDX and data underwent statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Compared with the sound enamel of Group 1, the SEM images of Group 2 clearly showed loss of integrity, minerals, and interprismatic substances. Groups 3-6 showed a structural reorganization of enamel prisms, interestingly comprising almost the entire enamel surface. Group 2 revealed highly significant differences of Ca/P ratios compared with other groups, while Groups 3-6 showed no differences with Group 1. In conclusion, all tested materials demonstrated a biomimetic ability in remineralizing lesions after 28 days of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Tosco
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Flavia Vitiello
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Monterubbianesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Gatto
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences (DIISM), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Orilisi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Mengucci
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning (SIMAU) & UdR INSTM, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelo Putignano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- National Institute of Health and Science of Aging (INRCA), 60124 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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3
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Al Haddad T, Khoury E, Farhat Mchayleh N. Comparison of the Remineralizing Effect of Brushing with Aloe vera versus Fluoride Toothpaste. Eur J Dent 2020; 15:133-138. [PMID: 33032331 PMCID: PMC7902096 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of the present
in vitro
study is to compare the remineralization brushing effect of three toothpastes and
Aloe vera
(AV) gel.
Materials and Methods
Forty sound extracted teeth were placed in a demineralizing solution for 4 days and randomly assigned to four groups: group A: 1,450-ppm fluoride toothpaste; group B: AV nonfluoridated toothpaste; group C: AV 1,000-ppm fluoridated toothpaste; and group D: AV gel. A 3-minute pH cycling was performed twice a day for each group for 12 days. Specimens were analyzed before and after by scanning electron microscope—energy dispersive X-ray.
Statistical Analysis
The outcomes were analyzed by Kolmogorov–Smirnov’s tests, repeated-measures analyses of variance followed by univariate analyses, and Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons tests to compare the calcium-to-phosphorus (Ca:P) ratio within time among toothpaste groups.
Results
Following remineralization, the Ca:P ratio increased in all groups. The difference of the Ca:P ratio was not significant between groups C, D, and A. The mean ratio was significantly lower in group B (
p
-value = 0.026).
Conclusions
The AV gel demonstrated a remineralization capacity equal to that of the 1,450-ppm fluoride toothpaste. In contrast, fluoride-free AV toothpaste showed a lower remineralization efficiency. Further studies are required to understand its mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Al Haddad
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elie Khoury
- Department of Orthodontics, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nada Farhat Mchayleh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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4
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Chaudhary I, M Tripathi A, Yadav G, Saha S. Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate on Artificial Carious Lesions: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:261-266. [PMID: 29104386 PMCID: PMC5661040 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To compare new remineralizing agents calcium sodium phosphosilicate paste and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste with that of fluoridated toothpaste in remineralization of early carious lesions using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis. Materials and methods Sixty sound extracted premolars were collected and placed in demineralizing solution for 4 days to produce artificial carious lesions. All specimens were evaluated for any loss of mineral content using SEM-EDX analysis. Samples were randomly assigned to three groups: Group I: Fluoridated toothpaste (control), group II: CPP-ACP paste, and group III: Calcium sodium phosphosilicate paste. Specimens were then treated with above-mentioned remineralizing agents and again measured for mineral content using SEM-EDX analysis. Results Group III (calcium sodium phosphosilicate paste) showed highest significant difference followed in descending order by group II (CPP-ACP paste) and group I (fluoridated toothpaste). Conclusion Calcium sodium phosphosilicate paste showed maximum remineralizing potential compared with CPP-ACP and fluoridated toothpastes. How to cite this article Chaudhary I, Tripathi AM, Yadav G, Saha S. Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate on Artificial Carious Lesions: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):261-266.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Chaudhary
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhay M Tripathi
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gunjan Yadav
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonali Saha
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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5
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Madhurkar JG, Bhat PR, Acharya AB, Thakur SL, Trasad VA. Efficacy of Milk as a Desensitizing Agent for the Treatment of Sensitivity Following Scaling and Root Planing. Contemp Clin Dent 2017; 8:231-235. [PMID: 28839408 PMCID: PMC5551327 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_73_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dentine hypersensitivity (DH) is the most common problem encountered by most of the dentists in their day-to-day clinical practice. It is characterized by a sharp pain or discomfort arising as a response to thermal, chemical, or osmotic stimuli and is caused due to exposure of dentine after the enamel or cementum at the root surface has been lost by the treatment, underlying dental and gingival diseases or physiologic wear and tear of the teeth. This further complicates preventive oral hygiene procedures by the patients, which jeopardize periodontal treatment or may as well aid in periodontal treatment failure. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of commercially available milk as a desensitizing agent for the treatment of sensitivity following scaling and root planing. Materials and Methods: Patients were selected randomly for scaling and then assessed for sensitivity. Those patients having DH were divided into two groups, wherein the Group A (test) patients were advised to rinse with commercially available milk at room temperature and those in Group B (control) with a commercially available mouthwash (Sentosil-SF). A four-point verbal rating scale was designed to record the numerical value of DH and were recalled for follow-up on 4th, 7th, and 10th day posttreatment. Results: The study demonstrated that there was a considerable reduction in hypersensitivity in both the groups on the 7th and 10th day. In the milk group, eight patients showed a complete reduction in hypersensitivity on 7th day and 13 patients on 10th day, while in the mouthwash group, five patients showed the same on 7th day and ten patients on the 10th day, thus suggesting that more individuals in the milk group were benefited. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in every visit. Conclusion: Although there is a vast literature available which suggests the efficacy of commercially available mouthwash in reducing hypersensitivity, this study is the first of its kind which evaluates the efficacy of commercially available milk in reducing sensitivity which is induced postscaling. Considering that milk rinse is cheap and easily available at home, it can be used as a desensitizing agent, and rinsing with milk for few days is effective and stable in quick reduction of hypersensitivity induced by scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyosthna G Madhurkar
- Department of Periodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Pragathi R Bhat
- Department of Periodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Anirudh B Acharya
- Department of Periodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinath L Thakur
- Department of Periodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijay A Trasad
- Department of Periodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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6
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Shuturminska K, Tarakina NV, Azevedo HS, Bushby AJ, Mata A, Anderson P, Al-Jawad M. Elastin-Like Protein, with Statherin Derived Peptide, Controls Fluorapatite Formation and Morphology. Front Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28642715 PMCID: PMC5462913 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of enamel biomineralization is multi-step, complex and mediated by organic molecules. The lack of cells in mature enamel leaves it unable to regenerate and hence novel ways of growing enamel-like structures are currently being investigated. Recently, elastin-like protein (ELP) with the analog N-terminal sequence of statherin (STNA15-ELP) has been used to regenerate mineralized tissue. Here, the STNA15-ELP has been mineralized in constrained and unconstrained conditions in a fluoridated solution. We demonstrate that the control of STNA15-ELP delivery to the mineralizing solution can form layered ordered fluorapatite mineral, via a brushite precursor. We propose that the use of a constrained STNA15-ELP system can lead to the development of novel, bioinspired enamel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya Shuturminska
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Nadezda V Tarakina
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Helena S Azevedo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Bushby
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro Mata
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Anderson
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Maisoon Al-Jawad
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
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7
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Abd-elmonsif NM, El-Zainy MA, Abd-elhamid MM. Comparative study of the possible effect of bovine and some plant-based milk on cola-induced enamel erosion on extracted human mandibular first premolar (scanning electron microscope and X-ray microanalysis evaluation). FUTURE DENTAL JOURNAL 2017; 3:22-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fdj.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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8
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Lam T, Ho J, Anbarani AG, Liaw LH, Takesh T, Wilder-Smith P. Effects of a Novel Dental Gel on Enamel Surface Recovery from Acid Challenge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 6. [PMID: 28344856 PMCID: PMC5364811 DOI: 10.4172/2161-1122.1000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background Objective was to evaluate the in vivo effects of a novel dental gel (Livionex gelR) vs. a comparison dental gel on the surfaces of pre-eroded enamel chips. Methods On days 1–5, after toothbrushing with dentifrice, nine subjects each wore 8 enamel chips mounted on a palatal appliance for 4 h. Enamel blocks were pre-demineralized daily. After 2 day washout, subjects repeated the protocol using fresh chips and the second toothpaste on days 8–12. Samples were evaluated using electron microscopy. Results Ten standardized enamel surface photomicrographs/sample (total 1440 images) were evaluated for signs of erosion visually and on a scale of 0–3 by 1 evaluator. No significant differences were found between the 2 groups (p>0.32, 95% C.I.). Minimal surface erosion on approx. 15% of sample area was visible in both groups. Conclusion The enamel surface appeared similar after usage of a test or control dentifrice. Based on this study, the test formulation did not affect enamel surface recovery from an erosive challenge. Practical implications Dentifrices can contribute to maintaining a healthy enamel surface. An all-natural dental gel formulation with novel anti-plaque mechanism achieved similar recovery from acid challenge to enamel as a control gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracie Lam
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Ho
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Lih-Huei Liaw
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Thair Takesh
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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9
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Palaniswamy UK, Prashar N, Kaushik M, Lakkam SR, Arya S, Pebbeti S. A comparative evaluation of remineralizing ability of bioactive glass and amorphous calcium phosphate casein phosphopeptide on early enamel lesion. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2016; 13:297-302. [PMID: 27605985 PMCID: PMC4993055 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.187872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was done to evaluate remineralizing potential of bioactive glasses (BAGs) and amorphous calcium phosphate-casein phosphopeptide (ACP-CPP) on early enamel lesion. Materials and Methods: Twenty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were sectioned sagittally. The buccal half was impregnated in acrylic resin blocks and treated with 37% phosphoric acid in liquid form, to demineralize enamel surface to simulate early enamel lesion. The samples were divided into two groups. The samples in Group I were treated with ACP-CPP (GC Tooth Mousse) and in Group II with BAG (Sensodyne Repair and Protect) and stored in saliva to prevent dehydration. The samples were tested for microhardness. The data obtained was analyzed using ANOVA post hoc multiple comparison and independent sample t- test and presented as a mean and standard deviation. Results: All the samples showed a decrease in the microhardness after demineralization. After application of remineralizing agents, Group II showed a highly significant increase in the microhardness (P < 0.05) after 10 days, while Group I showed a significant increase in microhardness after 15 days (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Both the remineralizing agents tested in this study can be considered effective in repair and prevention of demineralization. BAG showed better results initially, but eventually both have similar remineralizing potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaya Kumar Palaniswamy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
| | - Neha Prashar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mamta Kaushik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Surender Ram Lakkam
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
| | - Shikha Arya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
| | - Swetha Pebbeti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
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10
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Sultan S, Telgi CR, Chaudhary S, Manuja N, Kaur H, Amit SA, Lingesha RT. Effect of ACP-CPP Chewing Gum and Natural Chewable Products on Plaque pH, Calcium and Phosphate Concentration. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC13-7. [PMID: 27190943 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/16645.7533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous epidemiological studies have documented dental caries as the major public health problems throughout the world. It is gradually increasing in the underdeveloped and developing countries especially in children due to increasing popularity of refined sugars. AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of natural chewable products (Tulsi, sesame seeds, fennel seeds, coconut) and ACP-CPP chewing gum on plaque pH, calcium and phosphate concentration. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized controlled trial, with a cross-over study design, was conducted. Ten subjects aged 15-17 years who agreed to refrain from oral hygiene practice for 48 hours prior to the sample collection were selected for the study. The baseline plaque pH, calcium and phosphate was measured and repeated after 5 and 30 minutes. It was ensured that each study participant was subjected to all the products making an effective sample of ten subjects per product. The data was statistically analysed. RESULTS The mean pH in all the study groups increased after 5 minutes and 30 minutes compared to baseline, except for coconut group at 30 minutes and fennel group at 5 minutes. Highest increase in plaque calcium concentration was found in fennel group followed by recaldent and sesame, respectively. Whereas, the highest increase in plaque phosphate was found in recaldent group followed by sesame group and fennel group respectively. CONCLUSION Plant products can be effective, inexpensive, easily accessible methods of maintaining oral health. Further studies are recommended to confirm long term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Sultan
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre , Moradabad, India
| | - Chaitra Ravishankar Telgi
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre , Moradabad, India
| | - Seema Chaudhary
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre , Moradabad, India
| | - Naveen Manuja
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre , Moradabad, India
| | - Harsimran Kaur
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre , Moradabad, India
| | - Sinha Ashish Amit
- Reader, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre , Moaradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravishankar Telgi Lingesha
- Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre , Moaradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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11
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Ruan Q, Liberman D, Bapat R, Chandrababu KB, Phark JH, Moradian-Oldak J. Efficacy of amelogenin-chitosan hydrogel in biomimetic repair of human enamel in pH-cycling systems. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING AND INFORMATICS 2016; 2:119-128. [PMID: 27331142 PMCID: PMC4912123 DOI: 10.5430/jbei.v2n1p119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Amelogenin-chitosan (CS-AMEL) hydrogel has shown great potential for the prevention, restoration, and treatment of defective enamel. As a step prior to clinical trials, this study aimed to examine the efficacy of CS-AMEL hydrogel in biomimetic repair of human enamel with erosive or caries-like lesions in pH-cycling systems. Two models for enamel defects, erosion and early caries, were addressed in this study. Two pH-cycling systems were designed to simulate the daily cariogenic challenge as well as the nocturnal pH conditions in the oral cavity. After pH cycling and treatment with CS-AMEL hydrogel, a synthetic layer composed of oriented apatite crystals was formed on the eroded enamel surface. CS-AMEL repaired the artificial incipient caries by re-growing oriented crystals and reducing the depth of the lesions by up to 70% in the pH-cycling systems. The results clearly demonstrate that the CS-AMEL hydrogel is effective at the restoration of erosive and carious lesions under pH-cycling conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Ruan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - David Liberman
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Rucha Bapat
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Karthik Balakrishna Chandrababu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jin-Ho Phark
- Division of Restorative Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Janet Moradian-Oldak
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
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12
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Khoroushi M, Shirban F, Doustfateme S, Kaveh S. Effect of three nanobiomaterials on the surface roughness of bleached enamel. Contemp Clin Dent 2015; 6:466-70. [PMID: 26681849 PMCID: PMC4678542 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.169853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The ever-increasing demand for enhanced esthetic appearance has resulted in significant developments in bleaching products. However, the enamel surface roughness (SR) might be negatively affected by bleaching agents. This in vitro study was undertaken to compare the effects of three nanobiomaterials on the enamel SR subsequent to bleaching. Materials and Methods: The crowns of six extracted intact nonerupted human third molars were sectioned. Five dental blocks measuring 2 mm × 3 mm × 4 mm were prepared from each tooth and placed in colorless translucent acrylic resin. The enamel areas from all the specimens were divided into five groups (n = 6): Group 1 did not undergo any bleaching procedures; Group 2 was bleached with a 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) gel; Groups 3, 4, and 5 were bleached with a 40% HP gel modified by bioactive glass (BAG), amorphous calcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite, respectively. The enamel SR was evaluated before and after treatment by atomic force microscopy. The data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests. Results: SR increased significantly in the HP group. SR decreased significantly in the HP gel modified by BAG group as compared to other groups. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, incorporation of each one of the three test biomaterials proved effective in decreasing enamel SR subsequent to in-office bleaching technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khoroushi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Materials Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farinaz Shirban
- Department of Orthodontics, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Doustfateme
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sara Kaveh
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
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Sabir M, Alam MN. Milk as Desensitizing Agent for Treatment of Dentine Hypersensitivity Following Periodontal Treatment Procedures. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC22-5. [PMID: 26674005 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/15897.6751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentinal hypersensitivity is a commonly observed problem after periodontal treatment procedures in periodontal patients. This further complicates preventive oral hygiene procedures by patients which jeopardize periodontal treatment, or even may aid in periodontal treatment failure. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aims and objectives of present study were to assess the problem of dentine hypersensitivity after non-surgical periodontal treatment and selection of cases for evaluation of commercially available milk at room temperature as mouth rinse for the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity caused by periodontal treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were selected randomly for nonsurgical periodontal treatment and then were assessed for dentine hypersensitivity. Those having dentine hypersensitivity were assigned in two groups. Group one patients were advised to rinse with commercially available milk at room temperature, group two patients were advised to rinse with luke warm water as control. A four point Verbal Rating Score (VRS) was designed to record the numerical value of dentine hypersensitivity. RESULTS The results show incidence of 42.5% and prevalence of 77.5% for dentine hypersensitivity after periodontal treatment procedures. After rinsing with milk following periodontal treatment procedures, there was found a significant reduction of dentine hypersensitivity with probability by unpaired t-test as 0.0007 and 0.0001 at tenth and fifteenth day post periodontal treatment procedures respectively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the milk rinse is a suitable, cheaper, fast acting, home-use and easily available solution to the problem of dentine hypersensitivity after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Milk can be used as desensitizing agent and rinsing with milk for few days is effective in quick reduction of dentine hypersensitivity due to periodontal treatment procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sabir
- Assistant Professor, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Specialty of Periodontics, College of Dentistry , Jazan University, KSA
| | - Mohammad Nazish Alam
- Assistant Professor, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Specialty of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University , KSA
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Xun R, Jing Y, Qin D, Chuhang L, Kun T. [Chitosan-collagen polymer induced remineralization of tooth hard tissue through self-growing methods]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2014; 32:519-524. [PMID: 25490835 PMCID: PMC7041028 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To modify biomacromolecules, such as chitosan and collagen, to synthesize a mineralized template that will induce self-growing remineralization of tooth enamel. METHODS Natural polycation polysaccharide chitosan was modified through phosphorylation to synthesize the polyanion derivative ofphosphorylated chitosan. Parent hydrogels com- bined with chitosan and collagen I were built through peptide binding reaction using genipin as a crosslinker. The gels self- assembled on the tooth's inert surface, which was stimulated by ultraviolet radiation. The bionic saliva provided mineralized ion, and then the hydroxyapatite assembled and grew in situ on the tooth. RESULTS The functional group P04(3-) (3,446 cm(-1)) was grafted on chitosan as confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The porous polyelectrolyte complex hydrogel formed by the interaction between the polycation chitosan and the polyanion phosphorylated chitosan could induce hydroxyapatite crystal nucleation and growth on the hydrogel fiber surfaces. The neonatal crystal was hydroxyapatite as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and was tightly connected to the tooth. A continuous structure of column crystals with sizes ranging from 30 nm to 60 nm was observed. The structure was in parallel direction similar to the direction of the enamel rod, and its hardness was close to dentin. CONCLUSION The parent hydrogels that were easily obtained and controlled could mimic the template of the enamel mineralization and induce a self-growing hydroxyapatite, which is an important step in the structural bionics of enamel.
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Heshmat H, Ganjkar MH, Jaberi S, Fard MJK. The effect of remin pro and MI paste plus on bleached enamel surface roughness. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (TEHRAN, IRAN) 2014; 11:131-6. [PMID: 24910687 PMCID: PMC4043543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The growing demand for enhanced esthetic appearance has led to great developments in bleaching products. The exposure of hard tissues of the tooth to bleaching agents can affect the roughness of the enamel surface. The freshly bleached enamel surface exposed to various surface treatments such as fluoride and other remineralizing agents have been assessed in this study. The aim of this experimental study was to compare the effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate with Fluoride (MI Paste Plus) and Remin Pro on the enamel surface roughness after bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty enamel samples of sound human permanent molars were prepared for this study. After initial roughness measurement with profilometer, the samples were exposed to 37% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent 20 minutes twice, and randomly divided into three groups of ten. In group 1, a CPP-ACPF containing paste (MI Paste Plus) and in group 2, Remin Pro were applied to the teeth during a 15 day period for 5 minutes, twice a day. Samples of group 3 (control) were immersed in artificial saliva for 15 days. The roughness of all samples were measured at the beginning, after bleaching and after the study intervention and statistically analyzed. RESULTS The surface roughness significantly increased in all groups following bleaching, and then it showed a decrease after application of both Remin Pro and CPP-ACPF in comparison to using bleaching agent (P<0.005). The surface roughness after using Remin Pro and CPP-ACPF was statistically similar to each other (P>0.05). CONCLUSION There was no difference between surface roughness of MI Paste Plus and Remin Pro groups. Also the surface roughness was decreased compared to the initial enamel surface roughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Heshmat
- Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hoorizad Ganjkar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Jaberi
- Dentist, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mohammad Javad Kharrazi Fard
- Epidemiologist, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Corresponding author: M. Hoorizad, Department of Operative Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran,
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