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Ryza I, Granata C, Ribeiro N, Nalewajko-Sieliwoniuk E, Kießling A, Hryniewicka M, Plass W, Godlewska-Żyłkiewicz B, Cabo Verde S, Milea D, Gama S. Ga complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid: Chemical speciation and biological activity. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 260:112670. [PMID: 39068684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The binding ability of 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid (8-HQA) towards Ga3+ has been investigated by ISEH+ (Ion Selective Electrode, glass electrode) potentiometric and UV/Vis spectrophotometric titrations in KCl(aq) at I = 0.2 mol dm-3 and at T = 298.15 K. Further experiments were also performed adopting both the metal (with Fe3+ as competing cation) and ligand-competition approaches (with EDTA as competing ligand). Results gave evidence of the formation of the [Ga(8-HQA)]+, [Ga(8-HQA)(OH)], [Ga(8-HQA)(OH)2]- and [Ga(8-HQA)2]- species, the latter being so far the most stable, as also confirmed by ESI-MS analysis. Experiments were also designed to determine the stability constants of the [Ga(EDTA)]- and [Ga(EDTA)(OH)]2- in the above conditions. Due to the relevance of Ga3+ hydrolysis in aqueous systems, literature data on this topic were collected and critically analyzed, providing equations for the calculation of mononuclear Ga3+ hydrolysis constants at T = 298.15 K, in different ionic media, in the ionic strength range 0 < I / mol dm-3 ≤ 1.0. The synthesis and characterization (by ElectroSpray Ionization - Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS), Attenuated Total Reflectance - Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and ThermoGravimetric Analysis (TGA)) of Ga3+/8-HQA complexes were also performed, identifying [Ga(8-HQA)2]- as the main isolated species, even in the solid state. Finally, the potential effects of 8-HQA and Ga3+/8-HQA complex towards human microbiota exposed to ionizing radiation were evaluated (namely Actinomyces viscosus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Escherichia coli), as well as their anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. A radioprotective effect of Ga3+/8-HQA complex was observed on Actinomyces viscosus, while showing a potential radiosensitizing effect against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. No cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells was observed, neither for the free ligand or Ga3+/8-HQA complex. Nevertheless, Ga3+/8-HQA complex highlighted potential anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Ryza
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Claudia Granata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, CHIBIOFARAM, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Nadia Ribeiro
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, C2TN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Edyta Nalewajko-Sieliwoniuk
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Andreas Kießling
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, IAAC, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Marta Hryniewicka
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, IAAC, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Beata Godlewska-Żyłkiewicz
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Sandra Cabo Verde
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, C2TN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal; Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, CHIBIOFARAM, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Sofia Gama
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland; Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, C2TN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
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2
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Cordova A, Niese B, Sweet P, Kamat P, Phillip JM, Gordon V, Contreras LM. Quantitative morphological analysis of Deinococcus radiodurans elucidates complex dose-dependent nucleoid condensation during recovery from ionizing radiation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0010824. [PMID: 38864629 PMCID: PMC11323932 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00108-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The extremophile Deinococcus radiodurans maintains a highly organized and condensed nucleoid as its default state, possibly contributing to its high tolerance to ionizing radiation (IR). Previous studies of the D. radiodurans nucleoid were limited by reliance on manual image annotation and qualitative metrics. Here, we introduce a high-throughput approach to quantify the geometric properties of cells and nucleoids using confocal microscopy, digital reconstructions of cells, and computational modeling. We utilize this novel approach to investigate the dynamic process of nucleoid condensation in response to IR stress. Our quantitative analysis reveals that at the population level, exposure to IR induced nucleoid compaction and decreased the size of D. radiodurans cells. Morphological analysis and clustering identified six distinct sub-populations across all tested experimental conditions. Results indicate that exposure to IR induced fractional redistributions of cells across sub-populations to exhibit morphologies associated with greater nucleoid condensation and decreased the abundance of sub-populations associated with cell division. Nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) may link nucleoid compaction and stress tolerance, but their roles in regulating compaction in D. radiodurans are unknown. Imaging of genomic mutants of known and suspected NAPs that contribute to nucleoid condensation found that deletion of nucleic acid-binding proteins, not previously described as NAPs, can remodel the nucleoid by driving condensation or decondensation in the absence of stress and that IR increased the abundance of these morphological states. Thus, our integrated analysis introduces a new methodology for studying environmental influences on bacterial nucleoids and provides an opportunity to further investigate potential regulators of nucleoid condensation.IMPORTANCEDeinococcus radiodurans, an extremophile known for its stress tolerance, constitutively maintains a highly condensed nucleoid. Qualitative studies have described nucleoid behavior under a variety of conditions. However, a lack of quantitative data regarding nucleoid organization and dynamics has limited our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling nucleoid organization in D. radiodurans. Here, we introduce a quantitative approach that enables high-throughput quantitative measurements of subcellular spatial characteristics in bacterial cells. Applying this to wild-type or single-protein-deficient populations of D. radiodurans subjected to ionizing radiation, we identified significant stress-responsive changes in cell shape, nucleoid organization, and morphology. These findings highlight this methodology's adaptability and capacity for quantitatively analyzing the cellular response to stressors for screening cellular proteins involved in bacterial nucleoid organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cordova
- Interdisciplinary Life
Sciences Graduate Program, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The
University of Texas at Austin,
Austin, Texas, USA
- Interdisciplinary Life
Sciences Graduate Program, The University of Texas at
Austin, Austin,
Texas, USA
| | - Brandon Niese
- Department of Physics,
Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, The University of Texas at
Austin, Austin,
Texas, USA
| | - Philip Sweet
- Interdisciplinary Life
Sciences Graduate Program, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The
University of Texas at Austin,
Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Pratik Kamat
- Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns
Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland,
USA
| | - Jude M. Phillip
- Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns
Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland,
USA
- Department of
Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Whiting School
of Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore,
Maryland, USA
| | - Vernita Gordon
- Interdisciplinary Life
Sciences Graduate Program, The University of Texas at
Austin, Austin,
Texas, USA
- Department of Physics,
Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, The University of Texas at
Austin, Austin,
Texas, USA
- LaMontagne Center for
Infectious Disease, The University of Texas at
Austin, Austin,
Texas, USA
| | - Lydia M. Contreras
- Interdisciplinary Life
Sciences Graduate Program, The University of Texas at
Austin, Austin,
Texas, USA
- McKetta Department of
Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at
Austin, Austin,
Texas, USA
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3
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Pal S, Yuvaraj R, Krishnan H, Venkatraman B, Abraham J, Gopinathan A. Unraveling radiation resistance strategies in two bacterial strains from the high background radiation area of Chavara-Neendakara: A comprehensive whole genome analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304810. [PMID: 38857267 PMCID: PMC11164402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the results of gamma irradiation experiments and whole genome sequencing (WGS) performed on vegetative cells of two radiation resistant bacterial strains, Metabacillus halosaccharovorans (VITHBRA001) and Bacillus paralicheniformis (VITHBRA024) (D10 values 2.32 kGy and 1.42 kGy, respectively), inhabiting the top-ranking high background radiation area (HBRA) of Chavara-Neendakara placer deposit (Kerala, India). The present investigation has been carried out in the context that information on strategies of bacteria having mid-range resistance for gamma radiation is inadequate. WGS, annotation, COG and KEGG analyses and manual curation of genes helped us address the possible pathways involved in the major domains of radiation resistance, involving recombination repair, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair and mismatch repair, and the antioxidant genes, which the candidate could activate to survive under ionizing radiation. Additionally, with the help of these data, we could compare the candidate strains with that of the extremely radiation resistant model bacterium Deinococccus radiodurans, so as to find the commonalities existing in their strategies of resistance on the one hand, and also the rationale behind the difference in D10, on the other. Genomic analysis of VITHBRA001 and VITHBRA024 has further helped us ascertain the difference in capability of radiation resistance between the two strains. Significantly, the genes such as uvsE (NER), frnE (protein protection), ppk1 and ppx (non-enzymatic metabolite production) and those for carotenoid biosynthesis, are endogenous to VITHBRA001, but absent in VITHBRA024, which could explain the former's better radiation resistance. Further, this is the first-time study performed on any bacterial population inhabiting an HBRA. This study also brings forward the two species whose radiation resistance has not been reported thus far, and add to the knowledge on radiation resistant capabilities of the phylum Firmicutes which are abundantly observed in extreme environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowptika Pal
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramani Yuvaraj
- Radiological and Environmental Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hari Krishnan
- Radiological and Environmental Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramanian Venkatraman
- Radiological and Environmental Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayanthi Abraham
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anilkumar Gopinathan
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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4
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Morales-Hidalgo M, Povedano-Priego C, Martinez-Moreno MF, Ruiz-Fresneda MA, Lopez-Fernandez M, Jroundi F, Merroun ML. Insights into the Impact of Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters on the Safety Performance of Deep Geological Repositories. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1025. [PMID: 38792854 PMCID: PMC11123828 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, the production of radioactive waste from nuclear industries is increasing, leading to the development of reliable containment strategies. The deep geological repository (DGR) concept has emerged as a suitable storage solution, involving the underground emplacement of nuclear waste within stable geological formations. Bentonite clay, known for its exceptional properties, serves as a critical artificial barrier in the DGR system. Recent studies have suggested the stability of bentonite within DGR relevant conditions, indicating its potential to enhance the long-term safety performance of the repository. On the other hand, due to its high resistance to corrosion, copper is one of the most studied reference materials for canisters. This review provides a comprehensive perspective on the influence of nuclear waste conditions on the characteristics and properties of DGR engineered barriers. This paper outlines how evolving physico-chemical parameters (e.g., temperature, radiation) in a nuclear repository may impact these barriers over the lifespan of a repository and emphasizes the significance of understanding the impact of microbial processes, especially in the event of radionuclide leakage (e.g., U, Se) or canister corrosion. Therefore, this review aims to address the long-term safety of future DGRs, which is critical given the complexity of such future systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Morales-Hidalgo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.P.-P.); (M.F.M.-M.); (M.A.R.-F.); (M.L.-F.); (M.L.M.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fadwa Jroundi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.P.-P.); (M.F.M.-M.); (M.A.R.-F.); (M.L.-F.); (M.L.M.)
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5
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Microbial Control in the Primary Packaging of Pills Using Ionizing Radiation and Its Effect on Characteristic Constituents for Quality Control in Irradiated Pills. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical products that mix natural raw materials are subject to unavoidable contamination with microorganisms from the environment and animals. This study focused on the effect of radiation on the quality of primary packaged pills, which are crude drug products. The pills, which were sealed in a sack for primary packaging laminated with polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, and aluminum foil, were irradiated by gamma rays or electron beam (EB). The survival counts of bacteria were reduced to 103 CFU/g or less by 6 kGy of irradiation. The counts of the spore-forming bacteria Bacillus megaterium, B. cereus, and Brevibacillus brevis in the pills were reduced to not over 100 CFU/g after 10 kGy irradiation. Although some of the cinnamaldehyde in the pills was oxidized to cinnamic acid, the decomposition of swertiamarin, berberine, glycyrrhizin, and cinnamaldehyde in the pills after 10 kGy irradiation were within the analytical accuracy by high-performance liquid chromatography. Gamma-ray or EB treatment at the final production of crude drug preparations was within the permissible standard value for the non-aqueous preparations for oral administration, with no statistically significant change in the indicator ingredients of crude drugs.
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6
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Omac B, Moreira RG, Castell‐Perez E. Integration of electron beam technology into fresh produce wash water line: Effect of inoculum suspension medium and water quality parameters on the radioresistance of
Salmonella
Typhimurium
ATCC
13311. J Food Saf 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Basri Omac
- Department of Food Processing Munzur University Tunceli Turkey
| | - Rosana G. Moreira
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - Elena Castell‐Perez
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
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Mishra S, Kota S, Chaudhary R, Misra HS. Guanine quadruplexes and their roles in molecular processes. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 56:482-499. [PMID: 34162300 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.1926417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The role of guanine quadruplexes (G4) in fundamental biological processes like DNA replication, transcription, translation and telomere maintenance is recognized. G4 structure dynamics is regulated by G4 structure binding proteins and is thought to be crucial for the maintenance of genome integrity in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Growing research over the last decade has expanded the existing knowledge of the functional diversity of G4 (DNA and RNA) structures across the working models. The control of G4 structure dynamics using G4 binding drugs has been suggested as the putative targets in the control of cancer and bacterial pathogenesis. This review has brought forth the collections of recent information that indicate G4 (mostly G4 DNA) roles in microbial pathogenesis, DNA damaging stress response in bacteria and mammalian cells. Studies in mitochondrial gene function regulation by G4s have also been underscored. Finally, the interdependence of G4s and epigenetic modifications and their speculated medical implications through G4 interacting proteins has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Mishra
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute (DAE Deemed to be University), Mumbai, India
| | - Swathi Kota
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute (DAE Deemed to be University), Mumbai, India
| | - Reema Chaudhary
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute (DAE Deemed to be University), Mumbai, India
| | - H S Misra
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute (DAE Deemed to be University), Mumbai, India
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8
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Butot S, Galbusera L, Putallaz T, Zuber S. Electron Beam Susceptibility of Enteric Viruses and Surrogate Organisms on Fruit, Seed and Spice Matrices. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2021; 13:218-228. [PMID: 33566336 PMCID: PMC8116251 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-021-09463-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to use high-energy electron beam (HEEB) treatments to find surrogate microorganisms for enteric viruses and to use the selected surrogates as proof of concept to investigate low-energy electron beam (LEEB) treatments for enteric virus inactivation at industrial scale on frozen blueberries. Six food matrices inoculated with HAV (hepatitis A virus), MNV S99 (murine norovirus), bacteriophages MS2 and Qβ, and Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores were treated with HEEB at 10 MeV using 4, 8 and 16 kGy doses. G. stearothermophilus spores showed the highest inactivation on all matrices except on raisins, with a dose-dependent effect. HAV reached the maximum measurable log10 reduction (> 3.2 log10) when treated at 16 kGy on raisins. MNV showed the highest resistance of all tested microorganisms, independent of the dose, except on frozen blueberries. On frozen blueberries, freeze-dried raspberries, sesame seeds and black peppercorns, HAV showed a mean inactivation level in between those of MS2 and G. stearothermophilus. Based on this, we selected both surrogate organisms as first approximation to estimate HAV inactivation on frozen blueberries during LEEB treatment at 250 keV using 16 kGy. Reductions of 3.1 and 1.3 log10 were measured for G. stearothermophilus spores and MS2, respectively, suggesting that a minimum reduction of 1.4 log10 can be expected for HAV under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Butot
- Nestlé Research, Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Science, 1000, 26, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Galbusera
- Nestlé Research, Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Science, 1000, 26, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Putallaz
- Nestlé Research, Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Science, 1000, 26, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Zuber
- Nestlé Research, Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Science, 1000, 26, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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9
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Mathot AG, Postollec F, Leguerinel I. Bacterial spores in spices and dried herbs: The risks for processed food. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 20:840-862. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gabrielle Mathot
- Université de Brest, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Microbienne Quimper France
| | | | - Ivan Leguerinel
- Université de Brest, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Microbienne Quimper France
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10
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Siwek M, Edgecock T. Application of electron beam water radiolysis for sewage sludge treatment-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:42424-42448. [PMID: 32892286 PMCID: PMC7603450 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10643-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A review of the applicability of electron beam water radiolysis for sewage sludge treatment is presented. Electron beam treatment has been proven to be a successful approach to the disinfection of both wastewater and sewage sludge. Nevertheless, before 2000, there were concerns about the perceived high capital costs of the accelerator and with public acceptance of the usage of radiation for water treatment purposes. Nowadays, with increased knowledge and technological development, it may be not only possible but also desirable to use electron beam technology for risk-free sewage sludge treatment, disposal and bio-friendly fertiliser production. Despite the developing interest in this method, there has been no attempt to perform a review of the pertinent literature relating to this technology. It appears that understanding of the mechanism and primary parameters of disinfection is key to optimising the process. This paper aims to reliably characterise the sewage sludge electron beam treatment process to elucidate its major issues and make recommendations for further development and research. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Siwek
- University of Huddersfield, HD13DH, Queensgate, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire UK
| | - Thomas Edgecock
- University of Huddersfield, HD13DH, Queensgate, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire UK
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11
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Henz S, Nitzsche R, KIEßLING M, Aganovic K, Heinz V, Hertel C. Surrogate for Electron Beam Inactivation of Salmonella on Pumpkin Seeds and Flax Seeds. J Food Prot 2020; 83:1775-1781. [PMID: 32463870 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify a suitable nonpathogenic surrogate for industrial validation of irradiation process by high-energy electron beam (5 MeV) of dried seeds. Pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca) and golden flax seeds (Linum usitatissimum) were contaminated with a five-strain Salmonella cocktail comprising five serovars or a two-strain Escherichia coli cocktail comprising pathogenic strains, including E. coli O157:H7. Comparison of log survival fractions of the E. coli and Salmonella cocktails revealed that on both types of seeds, the Salmonella cocktail exhibited higher tolerance against high-energy electron beam at doses of 4 kGy than the E. coli cocktail, with a log survival fraction of -4.1 ± 0.7 compared with -6.0 ± 0.2 on pumpkin seeds and -4.7 ± 0.7 compared with reduction from 1.8 × 108 CFU/g to below the limit of detection (1 × 102 CFU/g) on flax seeds. For surrogate selection, the Salmonella cocktail and the strains E. coli DSM 18039 (strain MG1655) and Enterococcus faecium NCCB 86023 (strain NRRL B-2354) were subjected to electron beam processing at doses of 2 to 6 kGy. The calculated D10-values of the Salmonella cocktail were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from those of E. coli DSM 18039, i.e., 1.07 ± 0.10 kGy compared with 1.20 ± 0.07 kGy on pumpkin seeds and 0.88 ± 0.04 kGy compared with 1.07 ± 0.03 kGy on flax seeds. E. faecium NCCB 86023 exhibited significantly higher tolerance on pumpkin seeds (3.07 ± 0.18 kGy) and on flax seeds (2.22 ± 0.29 kGy), ∼3 log and 2 log higher than the Salmonella cocktail, respectively. Hence, the nonpathogenic E. coli DSM 18039 is suggested to serve as a surrogate for Salmonella in industrial validation trials. Because on both types of seeds E. faecium NCCB 86023 showed significantly higher tolerance against electron beam than the Salmonella cocktail, this nonpathogenic strain could serve as a process control indicator for the decontamination of dried seeds by electron beam. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Henz
- Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik e.V., Professor-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Ramona Nitzsche
- Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik e.V., Professor-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany.,(ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0084-2377 [R.N.])
| | - Martina KIEßLING
- Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik e.V., Professor-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Kemal Aganovic
- Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik e.V., Professor-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Volker Heinz
- Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik e.V., Professor-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Christian Hertel
- Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik e.V., Professor-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
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12
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Araby E, Nada HG, Abou El-Nour SA, Hammad A. Detection of tetracycline and streptomycin in beef tissues using Charm II, isolation of relevant resistant bacteria and control their resistance by gamma radiation. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:186. [PMID: 32600267 PMCID: PMC7325294 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Misuse of antibiotics in veterinary medicine has the potential to generate residues in animal derived products, which could contributing to the development of an important health risk either through the exposure to antibiotic residues or the transfer of antibiotic resistance among foodborne pathogens as well. Tetracycline (TE) and eptomycin (ST) are commonly used as antibiotics in the Egyptian animal husbandry. The objective of this study, quick detection of TE and ST in fresh local beef tissue samples using radioimmunoassay Charm II technique, isolation and identification of relevant highly resistant bacterial strains. In addition to investigating the effect of gamma radiation on the susceptibility of such resistant strains to TE and ST. Results Tetracycline (TE) was detected in all collected samples, while ST was detected in 38.46% (5/13) and 87.5% (7/8) of meat and liver samples, respectively. Fifty-one bacterial isolates were isolated from the tested samples, among them, the highest resistant isolates to TE or ST were identified as Streptococcus thoraltensis, Proteus mirabilis (2 isolates) and E. coli (3 isolates). Among them, the highest D10-values in phosphate buffer; 0.807 and 0.480; kGy were recorded with S. thoraltensis and E. coli no.3, respectively. Such values increased to record 0.840 and 0.549 kGy, respectively after artificial inoculation into meat, indicating increased resistance to gamma radiation. Gamma radiation at dose 3 kGy increased the susceptibility of S. thoraltensis up to 50% to TE and ST, while the sensitivity of E. coli no.3 reached up 56% to both antibiotics at the same dose. Conclusions High prevalence of TE in all fresh collected tissue samples suggests an extensively use of TE as antimicrobial in conventional beef production as compared to ST in the Egyptian cows’ husbandry. Moreover, irradiation of food from animal origin by gamma radiation could potentially provide protection against resistant strains. In spite of limited samples used in this study, our data could raise the concerns of public health professionals about a withdrawal period before animals slaughtering, and address the importance of gamma radiation to minimize the hazards of foodborne resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Araby
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), 3 Ahmed El-Zomor St., P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanady G Nada
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), 3 Ahmed El-Zomor St., P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Salwa A Abou El-Nour
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), 3 Ahmed El-Zomor St., P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali Hammad
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), 3 Ahmed El-Zomor St., P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Shi F, Zhao H, Wang L, Cui X, Guo W, Zhang W, Song H, Li S. Inactivation mechanisms of electron beam irradiation on
Listeria innocua
through the integrity of cell membrane, genomic
DNA
and protein structures. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Shi
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture Beijing 102442 China
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao Shangdong 266042 China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Qingdao Shangdong 266042 China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture Beijing 102442 China
| | - Xiaorui Cui
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture Beijing 102442 China
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Weiling Guo
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China
| | - Hongbo Song
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Shurong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Qingdao Shangdong 266042 China
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15
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Zhang Y, Moeller R, Tran S, Dubovcova B, Akepsimaidis G, Meneses N, Drissner D, Mathys A. Geobacillus and Bacillus Spore Inactivation by Low Energy Electron Beam Technology: Resistance and Influencing Factors. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2720. [PMID: 30532740 PMCID: PMC6265500 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low energy electron beam (LEEB) treatment is an emerging non-thermal technology that performs surface decontamination with a minimal influence on food quality. Bacterial spore resistance toward LEEB treatment and its influencing factors were investigated in this study. Spores from Geobacillus and Bacillus species were treated with a lab-scale LEEB at energy levels of 80 and 200 keV. The spore resistances were expressed as D-values (the radiation dose required for one log10 reduction at a given energy level) calculated from the linear regression of log10 reduction against absorbed dose of the sample. The results revealed that the spore inactivation efficiency by LEEB is comparable to that of other ionizing radiations and that the inactivation curves are mostly log10-linear at the investigated dose range (3.8 - 8.2 kGy at 80 keV; 6.0 - 9.8 kGy at 200 keV). The D-values obtained from the wildtype strains varied from 2.2 - 3.0 kGy at 80 keV, and from 2.2 - 3.1 kGy at 200 keV. Bacillus subtilis mutant spores lacking α/β-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins showed decreased D-values (1.3 kGy at 80 and 200 keV), indicating that spore DNA is one of the targets for LEEB spore inactivation. The results revealed that bacterial species, sporulation conditions and the treatment dose influence the spore LEEB inactivation. This finding indicates that for the application of this emerging technology, special attention should be paid to the choice of biological indicator, physiological state of the indicator and the processing settings. High spore inactivation efficiency supports the application of LEEB for the purpose of food surface decontamination. With its environmental, logistical, and economic advantages, LEEB can be a relevant technology for surface decontamination to deliver safe, minimally processed and additive-free food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Moeller
- Space Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Radiation Biology Division, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sophia Tran
- Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbora Dubovcova
- Digital Technologies, Data Analytics and Services Business Unit, Bühler AG, Uzwil, Switzerland
| | - Georgios Akepsimaidis
- Digital Technologies, Data Analytics and Services Business Unit, Bühler AG, Uzwil, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Meneses
- Digital Technologies, Data Analytics and Services Business Unit, Bühler AG, Uzwil, Switzerland
| | - David Drissner
- Microbiology of Plant Foods, Agroscope, Waedenswil, Switzerland
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Alexander Mathys
- Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Lowering N2O emissions from soils using eucalypt biochar: the importance of redox reactions. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16773. [PMID: 26615820 PMCID: PMC4663753 DOI: 10.1038/srep16773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural soils are the primary anthropogenic source of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O), contributing to global warming and depletion of stratospheric ozone. Biochar addition has shown potential to lower soil N2O emission, with the mechanisms remaining unclear. We incubated eucalypt biochar (550 °C) – 0, 1 and 5% (w/w) in Ferralsol at 3 water regimes (12, 39 and 54% WFPS) – in a soil column, following gamma irradiation. After N2O was injected at the base of the soil column, in the 0% biochar control 100% of expected injected N2O was released into headspace, declining to 67% in the 5% amendment. In a 100% biochar column at 6% WFPS, only 16% of the expected N2O was observed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy identified changes in surface functional groups suggesting interactions between N2O and the biochar surfaces. We have shown increases in -O-C = N /pyridine pyrrole/NH3, suggesting reactions between N2O and the carbon (C) matrix upon exposure to N2O. With increasing rates of biochar application, higher pH adjusted redox potentials were observed at the lower water contents. Evidence suggests that biochar has taken part in redox reactions reducing N2O to dinitrogen (N2), in addition to adsorption of N2O.
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Shin MH, Han IJ, Lee JW. Quality Properties of Ginseng Chicken Porridge Prepared with Individually Gamma Irradiated Raw Materials. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2013. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2013.33.6.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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18
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Gliemmo MF, Latorre ME, Narvaiz P, Campos CA, Gerschenson LN. Effect of gamma irradiation and storage time on microbial growth and physicochemical characteristics of pumpkin (Cucurbita Moschata Duchesne ex Poiret) puree. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2013; 20:71-80. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013212472350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of gamma irradiation (0–2 kGy) and storage time (0–28 days) on microbial growth and physicochemical characteristics of a packed pumpkin puree was studied. For that purpose, a factorial design was applied. The puree contained potassium sorbate, glucose and vanillin was stored at 25 ℃. Gamma irradiation diminished and storage time increased microbial growth. A synergistic effect between both variables on microbial growth was observed. Storage time decreased pH and color of purees. Sorbate content decreased with storage time and gamma irradiation. Mathematical models of microbial growth generated by the factorial design allowed estimating that a puree absorbing 1.63 kGy would have a shelf-life of 4 days. In order to improve this time, some changes in the applied hurdles were assayed. These included a thermal treatment before irradiation, a reduction of irradiation dose to 0.75 kGy and a decrease in storage temperature at 20 ℃. As a result, the shelf-life of purees increased to 28 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Gliemmo
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República, Argentina
| | - María E Latorre
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República, Argentina
| | - Patricia Narvaiz
- Food Irradiation Section, Radiation Technology and Applications, Ezeiza Atomic Center, National Atomic Energy Commission, Argentina
| | - Carmen A Campos
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República, Argentina
| | - Lía N Gerschenson
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República, Argentina
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19
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Radiation sensitivity of bacteria and virus in porcine xenoskin for dressing agent. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Combined effect of γ-irradiation and bacterial-fermented dextrose on microbiological quality of refrigerated pork sausages. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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den Besten HM, Zwietering MH. Meta-analysis for quantitative microbiological risk assessments and benchmarking data. Trends Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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22
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Fiester SE, Helfinstine SL, Redfearn JC, Uribe RM, Woolverton CJ. Electron beam irradiation dose dependently damages the bacillus spore coat and spore membrane. Int J Microbiol 2012; 2012:579593. [PMID: 22319535 PMCID: PMC3272845 DOI: 10.1155/2012/579593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective control of spore-forming bacilli begs suitable physical or chemical methods. While many spore inactivation techniques have been proven effective, electron beam (EB) irradiation has been frequently chosen to eradicate Bacillus spores. Despite its widespread use, there are limited data evaluating the effects of EB irradiation on Bacillus spores. To study this, B. atrophaeus spores were purified, suspended in sterile, distilled water, and irradiated with EB (up to 20 kGy). Irradiated spores were found (1) to contain structural damage as observed by electron microscopy, (2) to have spilled cytoplasmic contents as measured by spectroscopy, (3) to have reduced membrane integrity as determined by fluorescence cytometry, and (4) to have fragmented genomic DNA as measured by gel electrophoresis, all in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, cytometry data reveal decreased spore size, increased surface alterations, and increased uptake of propidium iodide, with increasing EB dose, suggesting spore coat alterations with membrane damage, prior to loss of spore viability. The present study suggests that EB irradiation of spores in water results in substantial structural damage of the spore coat and inner membrane, and that, along with DNA fragmentation, results in dose-dependent spore inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. E. Fiester
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - S. L. Helfinstine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - J. C. Redfearn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - R. M. Uribe
- College of Technology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - C. J. Woolverton
- College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
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Abstract
Deinococcus radiodurans is a robust bacterium best known for its capacity to repair massive DNA damage efficiently and accurately. It is extremely resistant to many DNA-damaging agents, including ionizing radiation and UV radiation (100 to 295 nm), desiccation, and mitomycin C, which induce oxidative damage not only to DNA but also to all cellular macromolecules via the production of reactive oxygen species. The extreme resilience of D. radiodurans to oxidative stress is imparted synergistically by an efficient protection of proteins against oxidative stress and an efficient DNA repair mechanism, enhanced by functional redundancies in both systems. D. radiodurans assets for the prevention of and recovery from oxidative stress are extensively reviewed here. Radiation- and desiccation-resistant bacteria such as D. radiodurans have substantially lower protein oxidation levels than do sensitive bacteria but have similar yields of DNA double-strand breaks. These findings challenge the concept of DNA as the primary target of radiation toxicity while advancing protein damage, and the protection of proteins against oxidative damage, as a new paradigm of radiation toxicity and survival. The protection of DNA repair and other proteins against oxidative damage is imparted by enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems dominated by divalent manganese complexes. Given that oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species is associated with aging and cancer, a comprehensive outlook on D. radiodurans strategies of combating oxidative stress may open new avenues for antiaging and anticancer treatments. The study of the antioxidation protection in D. radiodurans is therefore of considerable potential interest for medicine and public health.
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24
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Modelling: One word for many activities and uses. Food Microbiol 2011; 28:818-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2010.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Revised: 04/25/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Al-Bachir M, Farah S, Othman Y. Influence of gamma irradiation and storage on the microbial load, chemical and sensory quality of chicken kabab. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Quested TE, Cook PE, Gorris LGM, Cole MB. Trends in technology, trade and consumption likely to impact on microbial food safety. Int J Food Microbiol 2010; 139 Suppl 1:S29-42. [PMID: 20307911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Current and potential future trends in technology, consumption and trade of food that may impact on food-borne disease are analysed and the key driving factors identified focusing on the European Union and, to a lesser extent, accounting for the United States and global issues. Understanding of factors is developed using system-based methods and their impact is discussed in relation to current events and predictions of future trends. These factors come from a wide range of spheres relevant to food and include political, economic, social, technological, regulatory and environmental drivers. The degree of certainty in assessing the impact of important driving factors is considered in relation to food-borne disease. The most important factors driving an increase in the burden of food-borne disease in the next few decades were found to be the anticipated doubling of the global demand for food and of the international trade in food next to a significantly increased consumption of certain high-value food commodities such as meat and poultry and fresh produce. A less important factor potentially increasing the food-borne disease burden would be the increased demand for convenience foods. Factors that may contribute to a reduction in the food-borne disease burden were identified as the ability of governments around the world to take effective regulatory measures as well as the development and use of new food safety technologies and detection methods. The most important factor in reducing the burden of food-borne disease was identified as our ability to first detect and investigate a food safety issue and then to develop effective control measures. Given the global scale of impact on food safety that current and potentially future trends have, either by potentially increasing or decreasing the food-borne disease burden, it is concluded that a key role is fulfilled by intergovernmental organisations and by international standard setting bodies in coordinating the establishment and rolling-out of effective measures that, on balance, help ensure long-term consumer protection and fair international trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Quested
- Food Standards Agency, 125 Kingsway, London, WC2B 6NH, United Kingdom
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27
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Gezgin Z, Gunes G. Influence of gamma irradiation on growth and survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and quality of cig kofte, a traditional raw meat product. Int J Food Sci Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.01343.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Breuert S, Allers T, Spohn G, Soppa J. Regulated polyploidy in halophilic archaea. PLoS One 2006; 1:e92. [PMID: 17183724 PMCID: PMC1762399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2006] [Accepted: 10/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyploidy is common in higher eukaryotes, especially in plants, but it is generally assumed that most prokaryotes contain a single copy of a circular chromosome and are therefore monoploid. We have used two independent methods to determine the genome copy number in halophilic archaea, 1) cell lysis in agarose blocks and Southern blot analysis, and 2) Real-Time quantitative PCR. Fast growing H. salinarum cells contain on average about 25 copies of the chromosome in exponential phase, and their ploidy is downregulated to 15 copies in early stationary phase. The chromosome copy number is identical in cultures with a twofold lower growth rate, in contrast to the results reported for several other prokaryotic species. Of three additional replicons of H. salinarum, two have a low copy number that is not growth-phase regulated, while one replicon even shows a higher degree of growth phase-dependent regulation than the main replicon. The genome copy number of H. volcanii is similarly high during exponential phase (on average 18 copies/cell), and it is also downregulated (to 10 copies) as the cells enter stationary phase. The variation of genome copy numbers in the population was addressed by fluorescence microscopy and by FACS analysis. These methods allowed us to verify the growth phase-dependent regulation of ploidy in H. salinarum, and they revealed that there is a wide variation in genome copy numbers in individual cells that is much larger in exponential than in stationary phase. Our results indicate that polyploidy might be more widespread in archaea (or even prokaryotes in general) than previously assumed. Moreover, the presence of so many genome copies in a prokaryote raises questions about the evolutionary significance of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Breuert
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thorsten Allers
- Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, United Kingdom
| | - Gabi Spohn
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jörg Soppa
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Frankfurt, Germany
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Daly MJ. Modulating radiation resistance: Insights based on defenses against reactive oxygen species in the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. Clin Lab Med 2006; 26:491-504, x. [PMID: 16815462 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2006.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The classical dogma of radiation biology asserts that the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation (IR) are principally the result of DNA damage. Yet many organisms that encode a complement of DNA repair functions are killed by IR doses that cause little DNA damage. Instead, proteins likely are the first major class of molecules damaged by IR. This article presents a new perspective on extreme IR resistance in the eubacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, reevaluates the role of superoxide (02*-) ions in IR toxicity, and speculates on potential strategies for controlling resistance in prokaryotes and eukaryotes based on scavenging IR-induced 02*-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Daly
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA.
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30
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Valero M, Sarrías JA, Alvarez D, Salmerón MC. Modeling the influence of electron beam irradiation on the heat resistance of Bacillus cereus spores. Food Microbiol 2005; 23:367-71. [PMID: 16943026 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2005.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2005] [Revised: 05/10/2005] [Accepted: 05/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on Bacillus cereus spore heat resistance was investigated. Irradiation with accelerated electrons had an important heat-sensitizing effect on distilled-water spore suspensions. After irradiation doses of 1.3, 3.1, or 5.7 kGy followed by heating at 90 degrees C, calculated D(90)-values for strains Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela (EPSO)-41WR and EPSO-50UR were reduced more than 1.3, 2.4, and 4.6 times, respectively. Plots of calculated log D(T)-values versus irradiation doses (1.3, 3.1, and 5.7 kGy) yielded straight parallel lines for the 85-100 degrees C heating temperature range, which made it possible to develop an equation to predict the changes in heat sensitivity of B. cereus spores that occurred with changing irradiation dose. Radiation-induced heat-sensitivity was characterized by a z(EBI)-value which was determined as the irradiation dose that should be required to reduce the decimal reduction time (D(T)) by one log(10) cycle when log(10)D(T) was plotted against irradiation treatment. A model is proposed to describe the influence of a pre-irradiation treatment with electron beams followed by heating on the heat resistance of B. cereus spores. This study also suggests the potential use of EBI followed by heating for food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Valero
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología, Escuela Po1itécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández - Campus de Orihuela, Carretera de Benie1, km 3.2, 03312-Orihuela, Alicante, Spain.
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mañas
- Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
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32
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Kottemann M, Kish A, Iloanusi C, Bjork S, DiRuggiero J. Physiological responses of the halophilic archaeon Halobacterium sp. strain NRC1 to desiccation and gamma irradiation. Extremophiles 2005; 9:219-27. [PMID: 15844015 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-005-0437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2004] [Accepted: 01/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We report that the halophilic archaeon Halobacterium sp. strain NRC-1 is highly resistant to desiccation, high vacuum and 60Co gamma irradiation. Halobacterium sp. was able to repair extensive double strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in its genomic DNA, produced both by desiccation and by gamma irradiation, within hours of damage induction. We propose that resistance to high vacuum and 60Co gamma irradiation is a consequence of its adaptation to desiccating conditions. Gamma resistance in Halobacterium sp. was dependent on growth stage with cultures in earlier stages exhibiting higher resistance. Membrane pigments, specifically bacterioruberin, offered protection against cellular damages induced by high doses (5 kGy) of gamma irradiation. High-salt conditions were found to create a protective environment against gamma irradiation in vivo by comparing the amount of DSBs induced by ionizing radiation in the chromosomal DNA of Halobacterium sp. to that of the more radiation-sensitive Escherichia coli that grows in lower-salt conditions. No inducible response was observed after exposing Halobacterium sp. to a nonlethal dose (0.5 kGy) of gamma ray and subsequently exposing the cells to either a high dose (5 kGy) of gamma ray or desiccating conditions. We find that the hypersaline environment in which Halobacterium sp. flourishes is a fundamental factor for its resistance to desiccation, damaging radiation and high vacuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Kottemann
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, 3221 H.J. Patterson Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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How radiation kills cells: Survival ofDeinococcus radioduransandShewanella oneidensisunder oxidative stress. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmrre.2004.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Yıldırım I, Uzunlu S, Topuz A. Effect of gamma irradiation on some principle microbiological and chemical quality parameters of raw Turkish meat ball. Food Control 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2004.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rodríguez-Calleja JM, Patterson MF, García-López I, Santos JA, Otero A, García-López ML. Incidence, radioresistance, and behavior of Psychrobacter spp. in rabbit meat. J Food Prot 2005; 68:538-43. [PMID: 15771179 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-68.3.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The relative incidence of Psychrobacter spp. in rabbit meat, the radioresistance of these bacteria, and the growth of nonirradiated and irradiated psychrobacter isolates, alone and in coculture, during chilled storage of inoculated sterile rabbit meat was investigated. Psychrobacter spp. accounted for 4.2% of the storage psychrotrophic flora of 30 rabbit carcasses. The radiation D10-values of 10 Psychrobacter isolates, irradiated at 4 degrees C in minced rabbit meat, ranged from 0.8 to 2.0 kGy, with significant (P < 0.05) differences among strains. Over 12 days of storage at 4 degrees C, pure cultures of two nonirradiated psychrobacter strains (D10 = 2 kGy) were capable of substantial increases (up to 3 log CFU/g) in sterile rabbit meat, but when the fastest growing strain was cocultured with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Brochothrix thermosphacta isolates, maximum cell densities and growth rates were significantly (P < 0.01) lower. After irradiation (2.5 kGy) of pure cultures in sterile rabbit meat, surviving cells of both Psychrobacter strains decreased for a period of 5 to 7 days and then resumed multiplication that, at day 12, resulted in a similar increase (1.6 to 1.7 log CFU/g) over initial survivor numbers. When irradiated in combination with the spoilage bacteria, one of the strains required 12 days to reach initial numbers. In conclusion, Psychrobacter spp. are radioresistant nonsporeforming bacteria with a low relative incidence among the storage flora of rabbit meat, unable to compete with food spoilage bacteria in this ecosystem and apparently not a major contributor to the spoilage of rabbit meat after irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Rodríguez-Calleja
- Department of Food Hygiene and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, E-24071 León, Spain
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Daly MJ, Gaidamakova EK, Matrosova VY, Vasilenko A, Zhai M, Venkateswaran A, Hess M, Omelchenko MV, Kostandarithes HM, Makarova KS, Wackett LP, Fredrickson JK, Ghosal D. Accumulation of Mn(II) in Deinococcus radiodurans facilitates gamma-radiation resistance. Science 2004; 306:1025-8. [PMID: 15459345 DOI: 10.1126/science.1103185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 432] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Deinococcus radiodurans is extremely resistant to ionizing radiation. How this bacterium can grow under chronic gamma radiation [50 grays (Gy) per hour] or recover from acute doses greater than 10 kGy is unknown. We show that D. radiodurans accumulates very high intracellular manganese and low iron levels compared with radiation-sensitive bacteria and that resistance exhibits a concentration-dependent response to manganous chloride [Mn(II)]. Among the most radiation-resistant bacterial groups reported, Deinococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, and cyanobacteria accumulate Mn(II). In contrast, Shewanella oneidensis and Pseudomonas putida have high iron but low intracellular manganese concentrations and are very sensitive. We propose that Mn(II) accumulation facilitates recovery from radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Daly
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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Perromat A, Melin AM, Lorin C, Deleris G. Fourier transform IR spectroscopic appraisal of radiation damage in Micrococcus luteus. Biopolymers 2003; 72:207-16. [PMID: 12833474 DOI: 10.1002/bip.10381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) is used to analyze cells of Micrococcus luteus, the type species of the highly heterogeneous genus Micrococcus that belongs to the Micrococcaceae family. The cells of M. luteus, which is a Gram-positive and yellow-pigmented bacterium, are submitted to increasing doses of gamma radiation. Irradiation leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species that induce biochemical changes as shown in spectral profiles. Beyond a dose of 0.70 kGy, significant differences between samples are observed, particularly in the 1485-900 cm(-1) region, which contains information about membrane lipids, cell wall polysaccharides, and nucleic acids. After a dose of 16.50 kGy, M. luteus is reincubated for times ranging from 1 to 24 h. Postirradiation reincubated bacteria are found far from the control and irradiated cells (mainly in the 985-900 cm(-1) range), suggesting that a biomolecular rearrangement occurs as soon as reincubation begins in the growth medium. Thus, FTIR spectroscopy appears to be a very useful technique for the rapid visualization of the alterations induced by both the radiation and mutagenic response during reincubation. The use of mathematical methods gives good insight into the biomolecular compounds involved in these two mechanisms. In view of these preliminary results, we hypothesize that it can be successfully applied to any type of tissue and that it may be a future interesting tool for evaluating the effects of radiation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Perromat
- INSERM U443, Groupe de Chimie Bio-Organique, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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De Lara J, Fernández PS, Periago PM, Palop A. Irradiation of spores of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis with electron beams. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1466-8564(02)00053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Seventy million cubic meters of ground and three trillion liters of groundwater have been contaminated by leaking radioactive waste generated in the United States during the Cold War. A cleanup technology is being developed based on the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, which is being engineered to express bioremediating functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Daly
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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