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Orton O, Bilgin A. Maternal Depression and Sleep Problems in Early Childhood: A Meta-Analysis. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01717-y. [PMID: 38836978 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Both prenatal and postnatal maternal depression have been associated with increased sleep problems in early childhood. However, this association is less consistent for postnatal depression, and the strength of the association remains unclear. The aim of the current study was to provide a quantitative synthesis of the literature to estimate the magnitude of the association between maternal depression and sleep problems in early childhood. Medline, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for prospective longitudinal studies from 1970 to December 2022. Of 117 articles screened, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria. Both prenatal depression (OR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.28-2.61) and postnatal depression (OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.50-1.82) were associated with increased likelihood of sleep problems in early childhood. The heterogeneity between the studies was significant and high both for prenatal (Q = 432.323; I2 = 97.456, P < .001) and postnatal depression (Q = 44.902, I2 = 65.594, P < .001), which mean that conclusions are tentative and need to be considered within the possible influence of unmeasured confounding. However, mitigating depression symptoms in mothers both during pregnancy and in the postnatal period would be an effective strategy for reducing sleep problems in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayten Bilgin
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.
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2
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Kim SH, Kim CR, Park D, Cho KH, Nam JS. Relationship between sleep disturbance and developmental status in preschool-aged children with developmental disorder. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:373. [PMID: 38811876 PMCID: PMC11137977 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep has been known to affect childhood development. Sleep disturbance is likely more common in children with developmental delay (DD) than in typical development. There are few studies on the correlation between sleep disturbance and developmental features in children with DD. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the associations between the two in children with DD. METHODS A total of 45 children (age range 27.0 ± 11.1) with DD were recruited and evaluated using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III). The outcomes are expressed as means and standard deviations. The correlation between SDSC and BSID-III was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation test. Multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between BSID-III domains and SDSC questionnaire subscales. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Based on the correlation analysis and subsequent hierarchical regression analysis, cognition and socio-emotional domains of BSID-III were significantly associated with the DOES subscale of the SDSC questionnaire. In addition, the expressive language domain of the BSID-III was found to be associated with the DA subscale of the SDSC questionnaire. It seems that excessive daytime sleepiness might negatively affect emotional and behavioral problems and cognitive function. Also, arousal disorders seem to be related to memory consolidation process, which is thought to affect language expression. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that DA and DOES subscales of the SDSC questionnaire were correlated with developmental aspects in preschool-aged children with DD. Sleep problems in children with DD can negatively affect their development, thereby interfering with the effectiveness of rehabilitation. Identifying and properly managing the modifiable factors of sleep problems is also crucial as a part of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment. Therefore, we should pay more attention to sleep problems, even in preschool-aged children with DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Chung Reen Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Donghwi Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kang Hee Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu Daejeon, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Je Shik Nam
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu Daejeon, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
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Tham EK, Jafar NK, Koh CT, Goh DY, Broekman BF, Cai S. Sleep duration trajectories and cognition in early childhood: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 74:101912. [PMID: 38447279 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is dynamic in childhood and studies have shown the relationship between sleep and cognition in children. As the human brain is the most plastic during childhood, the study of longitudinal sleep patterns and neurocognition is an important research area. We aimed to systematically review studies that investigated sleep duration trajectories and cognition in typically-developing children. We searched four databases for articles published between 2003 to October 2023. We included observation studies of children with sleep duration trajectories as a predictor and outcomes related to cognition, memory, language, developmental milestones, intelligence or executive function. We excluded studies where children had atypical development or completed the sleep and neurocognitive assessments after six and 12 years of age respectively. Out of 752 articles identified, 511 were screened and 23 full texts were assessed. The selected studies included three single trajectory and four multiple group trajectories studies. We found associations between both types of trajectories and cognitive development. Overall, children with longer sleep trajectories or more mature sleep pattern with rapid decrease in sleep duration, had better performance scores in developmental assessment tools, and intelligence tests. Findings for language and executive functioning were mixed, whereby some studies found associations and others did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Kh Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Nur K Jafar
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Celeste Tr Koh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Daniel Yt Goh
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Birit Fp Broekman
- Department of Psychiatry, OLVG and Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Nathanson AI. Sleep and Technology in Early Childhood. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2024; 47:15-26. [PMID: 38302204 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Research suggests that technology use is associated with poorer sleep outcomes among children less than 6 years of age. These associations are evident regardless of the type of technology studied, although evening exposure may have the greatest impact compared with technology use during other parts of the day. More work is needed, particularly given that technology use is relatively high among young children. Clinicians should assess patients' technology exposure, including before bedtime, to assess whether sleep issues stem from children's technology use. Moreover, clinicians should educate caregivers about the association between technology use and sleep problems among young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy I Nathanson
- School of Communication, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Gleason E, Malik K, Sannar E, Kamara D, Serrano V, Augustyn M. Challenging Case: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Demystifying Chronic Sleep Impairment in an Infant with a Complex Medical and Behavioral Profile. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2024; 45:e176-e179. [PMID: 38290114 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
CASE X is a 22-month-old White male infant with a complex medical history, including diagnoses of FBXO11 mutation, hypotonia, restrictive lung disease and mild intermittent asthma, laryngotracheomalacia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), feeding difficulties with a history of aspiration, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and developmental delays. X's medical presentation has resulted in multiple prior medical admissions for respiratory failure due to acute illnesses, procedures and treatments including gastrojejunostomy (GJ) tube dependence, supraglottoplasty to reshape tissues of the upper larynx, and the use of biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP) at night and room air during the day when he is at baseline. In addition, he has nocturnal events characterized by significant agitation, screaming, crying, body stiffening and limb movements with pauses in breathing, mouth breathing, restless sleep, and difficulty waking in the morning with concomitant daytime fatigue despite above treatments for OSA. There is no history of congenital heart disease or sudden unexplained death. Family history is noncontributory because parents are negative for the FBXO11 variant.X's sleep disruption has led to significant sleep deficits for both X and his caregivers, who spend much of the night strategizing on how to console him. X has undergone several sleep studies, starting when X was aged 4 months, at several children's hospitals across the nation to determine the cause of his chronic sleep disturbance, which yielded limited information and treatment success. As an infant, X received a medical workup and was subsequently treated with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for reflux. At 12 months, he was diagnosed with disordered sleep with myoclonic jerks and started on melatonin and gabapentin for involuntary movements. At 13 months, gabapentin was weaned back because of intolerance, and at 15 months, nortriptyline and clonidine were started because of worsening symptoms to target potential neuropathic pain. While most of his symptoms were at night, he had occasional daytime screaming episodes, particularly when experiencing illness. Gabapentin and clonidine were stopped because nortriptyline seemed most effective.At 17 months, the results from a sleep study led to a diagnosis of night terrors, and several clinicians agreed that X's sleep disruption was behavioral in nature. At this time, an infant mental health consultant met with a sleep psychologist on the family's behalf to support family in considering systematic desensitization therapy to increase tolerance to wearing his BiPAP mask, as well as other behavioral and sleep hygiene strategies, which were tried on several occasions and again, resulted in limited improvement in functioning.At 19 months, X's multidisciplinary team reconsidered a night terror diagnosis after a failed trial of clonazepam and pursued a differential diagnosis of periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). X trialed gabapentin again, but this time only a nighttime dose, per sleep medicine and psychiatry recommendation. While this brought some temporary relief from nighttime distress, despite increasing to the highest dose for age and weight (15 mg/kg/dose), this became less effective, and he was weaned off at 22 months. He had been on iron supplementation since age 6 months and received an iron infusion at 22 months because of persistently low ferritin levels and PLMD in sleep.At 24 months, X was briefly trialed on levetiracetam. While no evidence for seizures on EEG was present, this medication was chosen for involuntary movements and genetic risk for seizures. However, this medication was not useful. At 25 months, an evaluation with a movement disorder physiatrist resulted in a diagnosis of nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia, and he was started on baclofen, which has provided some, but not complete relief to nighttime symptoms. Parents are reporting he has more "good nights" than "bad nights," but "bad nights" come in stretches of a few days in length with no known trigger or relief.Most recently, X was evaluated by general genetics. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was pursued which revealed a pathogenic de novo variant in FBXO11 and provides a likely cause for his neurodevelopmental phenotype. However, he has some features not explained by FBX011; thus, reanalysis of his WES was performed and revealed a de novo variant of uncertain significance in RAF1. Because pathogenic variants in RAF1 have been associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and Noonan spectrum disorder, it was recommended that X be followed periodically in a cardiac genetics clinic. Family is well connected into the FBXO11 community, including supportive Facebook groups. Parents have shared that they do not feel X's breathing issues and pain fit with the phenotype of other children with FBXO11 mutations.X is also enrolled in a medical child care program to facilitate development and social-emotional functioning and receives learning, speech, occupational, physical, and feeding therapy while in attendance. Despite periods of absence due to contracting numerous viral illnesses over the past several months, X continues to make progress across developmental therapies and happily engages when at the program.What additional diagnostic tests and treatment should be considered to better understand X's medical and behavioral presentation? What are the implications of chronic sleep deprivation and stress on the behavior and development of infant with X's profile? What are important psychosocial considerations because it relates to children with medical complexity (CMC), particularly for X and his family to support caregiver, family, and X's quality of life and overall well-being?
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Gleason
- Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Colorado Medicine, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Kristina Malik
- Department of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, KidStreet & Special Care Clinic, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Elise Sannar
- Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Colorado Medicine, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Dana Kamara
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary & Sleep Medicine, University of Colorado Medicine, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Verenea Serrano
- Psychiatry, University of Colorado Medicine, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO
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Sırtbaş-Işık G, Porsnok D, Yardımcı-Lokmanoğlu BN, Mutlu A. Sleep characteristics, early spontaneous movements, and developmental functioning in preterm infants in the early postnatal period. Sleep Med 2024; 114:151-158. [PMID: 38184924 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the following: (i) sleep characteristics in preterm infants at 9-20 weeks of corrected age, and (ii) differences in early spontaneous movements and developmental functioning results between the groups based on some sleep characteristics. METHODS Seventy-four preterm infants (36 female) were included. Sleep characteristics were assessed according to the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ). The infants were divided into two groups based on total sleep duration: less than 12 h (38 infants), and 12 h and more (36 infants). Video recordings were made for the General Movements Assessment (GMA) and evaluated using the Motor Optimality Score for 3- to 5-Month-Old-Infants-Revised (MOS). Cognitive, language, and motor development were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III). RESULTS The total sleep duration of all preterm infants (mean ± SD) was 11.8 ± 3.3 h. Infants who had absent fidgety movements slept less than 12 h, and fidgety movements differed between the groups (p = 0.012). Infants who slept 12 h or more had significantly higher MOS (p = 0.041), cognitive (p = 0.002), language (p < 0.001), and motor (p = 0.002) development results. Infants who snored had lower MOS (p = 0.001), cognitive (p = 0.004), language (p = 0.002), and motor (p = 0.001) development results. Infants with fewer than three nocturnal awakenings had significantly higher Bayley-III cognitive (p = 0.007), language (p = 0.032), and motor (p = 0.005) domain results. Prone and supine sleeping positions showed higher motor domain results than lateral positions (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Sleep in preterm infants might be a key factor in early developmental functioning processes and nervous system integrity. Even in the first months of life, there are substantial differences in cognitive, language, and motor development in association with sleep characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülsen Sırtbaş-Işık
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Developmental and Early Physiotherapy Unit, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Doğan Porsnok
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Developmental and Early Physiotherapy Unit, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Bilge Nur Yardımcı-Lokmanoğlu
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Developmental and Early Physiotherapy Unit, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Akmer Mutlu
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Developmental and Early Physiotherapy Unit, Ankara, Türkiye.
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Guerlich K, Avraam D, Cadman T, Calas L, Charles MA, Elhakeem A, Fernández-Barrés S, Guxens M, Heude B, Ibarluzea J, Inskip H, Julvez J, Lawlor DA, Murcia M, Salika T, Sunyer J, Tafflet M, Koletzko B, Grote V, Plancoulaine S. Sleep duration in preschool age and later behavioral and cognitive outcomes: an individual participant data meta-analysis in five European cohorts. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:167-177. [PMID: 36749392 PMCID: PMC10805899 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Short sleep duration has been linked to adverse behavioral and cognitive outcomes in schoolchildren, but few studies examined this relation in preschoolers. We aimed to investigate the association between parent-reported sleep duration at 3.5 years and behavioral and cognitive outcomes at 5 years in European children. We used harmonized data from five cohorts of the European Union Child Cohort Network: ALSPAC, SWS (UK); EDEN, ELFE (France); INMA (Spain). Associations were estimated through DataSHIELD using adjusted generalized linear regression models fitted separately for each cohort and pooled with random-effects meta-analysis. Behavior was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Language and non-verbal intelligence were assessed by the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence or the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities. Behavioral and cognitive analyses included 11,920 and 2981 children, respectively (34.0%/13.4% of the original sample). In meta-analysis, longer mean sleep duration per day at 3.5 years was associated with lower mean internalizing and externalizing behavior percentile scores at 5 years (adjusted mean difference: - 1.27, 95% CI [- 2.22, - 0.32] / - 2.39, 95% CI [- 3.04, - 1.75]). Sleep duration and language or non-verbal intelligence showed trends of inverse associations, however, with imprecise estimates (adjusted mean difference: - 0.28, 95% CI [- 0.83, 0.27] / - 0.42, 95% CI [- 0.99, 0.15]). This individual participant data meta-analysis suggests that longer sleep duration in preschool age may be important for children's later behavior and highlight the need for larger samples for robust analyses of cognitive outcomes. Findings could be influenced by confounding or reverse causality and require replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Guerlich
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital Munich, Lindwurmstr. 4, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Demetris Avraam
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim Cadman
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucinda Calas
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
- Ined, Inserm, Joint unit Elfe, Aubervilliers, France
| | - Ahmed Elhakeem
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Silvia Fernández-Barrés
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
| | - Jesús Ibarluzea
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013, San Sebastian, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Hazel Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Jordi Julvez
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical and Epidemiological Neuroscience Group (NeuroÈpia), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus (Tarragona), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mario Murcia
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Servicio de Análisis de Sistemas de Información Sanitaria, Conselleria de Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Theodosia Salika
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Muriel Tafflet
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital Munich, Lindwurmstr. 4, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Veit Grote
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital Munich, Lindwurmstr. 4, 80337, Munich, Germany.
| | - Sabine Plancoulaine
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France.
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Newton AT, Tremblay PF, Batterink LJ, Reid GJ. Early nap cessation in young children as a correlate of language and psychosocial outcomes: Evidence from a large Canadian sample. Sleep Health 2023:S2352-7218(23)00292-9. [PMID: 38103982 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most children stop napping between 2 and 5years old. We tested the association of early nap cessation (ie, children who stopped before their third birthday) and language, cognition functioning and psychosocial outcomes. METHODS Data were from a national, longitudinal sample of Canadian children, with three timepoints. Children were 0-to-1 year old at T1, 2-to-3 years old at T2, and 4-to-5 years old at T3. Early nap cessation was tested as a correlate of children's psychosocial functioning (cross-sectionally and longitudinally), cognitive function (longitudinally), and language skills (longitudinally). There were 4923 children (50.9% male; 90.0% White) and their parents in this study who were included in the main analyses. Parents reported on demographics, perinatal and developmental variables, child functioning, and child sleep. Children completed direct assessments of receptive language and cognitive ability. Nap cessation, demographic, and developmental-control variables were tested as correlates of cross-sectional and longitudinal outcomes using linear regression (with a model-building approach). RESULTS Early nap cessation correlated with higher receptive language ability (β = 0.059 ± 0.028) and lower anxiety (β = -0.039 ± 0.028) at T3, after controlling for known correlates of nap cessation, nighttime sleep, and other sociodemographic correlates of the outcomes. Cognitive ability, hyperactivity-inattention, and aggression were not correlated with nap cessation. CONCLUSIONS Early nap cessation is related to specific benefits (ie, better receptive language and lower anxiety symptoms). These findings align with previous research. Future research should investigate differences associated with late nap cessation and in nap-encouraging cultures, and by ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Newton
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Paul F Tremblay
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura J Batterink
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham J Reid
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Family Medicine and Paediatrics, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; The Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Gliga T, Hendry A, Kong SP, Ewing B, Davies C, McGillion M, Gonzalez‐Gomez N. More frequent naps are associated with lower cognitive development in a cohort of 8-38-month-old children, during the Covid-19 pandemic. JCPP ADVANCES 2023; 3:e12190. [PMID: 38054058 PMCID: PMC10694540 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background How often a child naps, during infancy, is believed to reflect both intrinsic factors, that is, the need of an immature brain to consolidate information soon after it is acquired, and environmental factors. Difficulty accounting for important environmental factors that interfere with a child's sleep needs (e.g., attending daycare) has clouded our ability to understand the role of intrinsic drivers of napping frequency. Methods Here we investigate sleep patterns in association with two measures of cognitive ability, vocabulary size, measured with the Oxford-Communicative Development Inventory (N = 298) and cognitive executive functions (EF), measured with the Early EF Questionnaire (N = 463), in a cohort of 8-38-month-olds. Importantly, because of the social distancing measures imposed during the Covid-19 Spring 2020 lockdown, in the UK, measures of sleep were taken when children did not access daycare settings. Results We find that children with more frequent but shorter naps than expected for their age had lower concurrent receptive vocabularies, lower cognitive EF and a slower increase in expressive vocabulary from spring to winter 2020, when age, sex, and SES were accounted for. The negative association between vocabulary and frequency of naps became stronger with age. Conclusions These findings suggest that the structure of daytime sleep is an indicator of cognitive development and highlight the importance of considering environmental perturbations and age when investigating developmental correlates of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Gliga
- School of PsychologyUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Alexandra Hendry
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Shannon P. Kong
- Centre for Psychological ResearchOxford Brookes UniversityOxfordUK
| | - Ben Ewing
- School of PsychologyUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Catherine Davies
- School of Languages, Cultures and SocietiesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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Boerma T, Ter Haar S, Ganga R, Wijnen F, Blom E, Wierenga CJ. What risk factors for Developmental Language Disorder can tell us about the neurobiological mechanisms of language development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 154:105398. [PMID: 37741516 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Language is a complex multidimensional cognitive system that is connected to many neurocognitive capacities. The development of language is therefore strongly intertwined with the development of these capacities and their neurobiological substrates. Consequently, language problems, for example those of children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), are explained by a variety of etiological pathways and each of these pathways will be associated with specific risk factors. In this review, we attempt to link previously described factors that may interfere with language development to putative underlying neurobiological mechanisms of language development, hoping to uncover openings for future therapeutical approaches or interventions that can help children to optimally develop their language skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessel Boerma
- Institute for Language Sciences, Department of Languages, Literature and Communication, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sita Ter Haar
- Institute for Language Sciences, Department of Languages, Literature and Communication, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Cognitive Neurobiology and Helmholtz Institute, Department of Psychology, Utrecht University/Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rachida Ganga
- Institute for Language Sciences, Department of Languages, Literature and Communication, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Wijnen
- Institute for Language Sciences, Department of Languages, Literature and Communication, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Elma Blom
- Department of Development and Education of youth in Diverse Societies (DEEDS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Language and Culture, The Arctic University of Norway UiT, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Corette J Wierenga
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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11
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Petit D, Touchette E, Pennestri MH, Paquet J, Côté S, Tremblay RE, Boivin M, Montplaisir JY. Nocturnal sleep duration trajectories in early childhood and school performance at age 10 years. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13893. [PMID: 36973015 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Sleep plays a fundamental role in brain development and resultant functions. The aim was to verify whether nocturnal sleep duration during early childhood has long-term associations with academic achievement at age 10 years. The present study is part of the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, a representative cohort of infants born in 1997-1998 in the province of Quebec, Canada. Children with known neurological conditions were excluded from this cohort. Four trajectories of parent-reported nocturnal sleep duration at ages 2.5, 3, 4, 5 and 6 years were determined using a SAS procedure named PROC TRAJ. Sleep duration at age 10 years was also reported. Teachers provided data on academic performance when the children were age 10 years. These data were available for 910 children (430 boys, 480 girls; 96.6% Caucasians). Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed using SPSS. Children who slept less than 8 hr per night at 2.5 years but normalized later on (Traj1) had three-five times the odds of having grades below the class average in reading, writing, mathematics and science compared with children who slept sufficiently (Traj3-4: 10-11 hr per night). Children who slept about 9 hr per night throughout childhood (Traj2) had two-three times the odds of being below the class average in mathematics and science. Sleep duration at age 10 years was not correlated with the academic performance. These results point to the presence of a very important early period during which sufficient sleep is needed to fine-tune the functions necessary for academic achievement later on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Petit
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-I'lle-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Evelyne Touchette
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-I'lle-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychoeducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Pennestri
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-I'lle-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Hôpital en Santé Mentale Rivière-des-Prairies, CIUSSS du Nord-de-I'lle-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Paquet
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-I'lle-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvana Côté
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michel Boivin
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacques Y Montplaisir
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-I'lle-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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12
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Studart-Pereira LM, Bianchini EMG, Assis M, Bussi MT, Corrêa CDC, Cunha TCA, Drager LF, Ieto V, Lorenzi-Filho G, de Luccas GR, Brasil EL, Sovinski SRP, Zancanella E, Pires GN. Brazilian Consensus on Sleep-Focused Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences - 2023 Brazilian Sleep Association. Sleep Sci 2023; 16:489-506. [PMID: 38370880 PMCID: PMC10869236 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This consensus aimed to develop a structured document presenting the role of sleep-focused Speech-Language-Hearing (SPH) Sciences (SPHS). The recommendations were based on the expertise of specialists and on evidence in the literature, aiming to guide the coverage of this area and the consequent improvement in the quality of the professionals' approach. Methods A Delphi method was conducted with 49 SLH pathologists (SLHP), four sleep physicians, one dentist, one physical therapist, and one methodologist. Four Delphi panel rounds were conducted in Google Forms. The items were analyzed based on the panelists' percentage of agreement; consensuses were reached when ⅔ (66.6%) of valid responses were on a same on a same answer (either "agree" or "disagree"). Results Participants voted on 102 items. The mean consensus rate was 89.9% ± 10.9%. The essential topics were the importance of professional training, the SLH diagnosis, and the SLH treatment of sleep disorders. It was verified that all fields of the SLHS are related to the area of sleep; that sleep-focused SLH pathologists (SLHP) are the responsible for assessing, indicating, and conducting specific orofacial myofunctional therapy for sleep-disordered breathing alone or in combination with other treatments; that SLHP are included in interdisciplinary teams in the area of sleep in public and private services. Discussion The Brazilian consensus on sleep-focused SLHS is a landmark in this area. This consensus described the scope of action of sleep-focused SLHP and systematized recommendations being useful as a reference for the professional practice in the area of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Moraes Studart-Pereira
- Brazilian Sleep Association, São Paulo Brazil.
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife Brazil.
| | | | - Márcia Assis
- Brazilian Sleep Association, São Paulo Brazil.
- Clínica do Sono de Curitiba, Hospital São Lucas, Curitibá, Brazil.
| | - Marieli Timpani Bussi
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery at UNICAMP, IOU, São Paulo Brazil.
| | | | - Thays Crosara Abrahão Cunha
- Brazilian Association of Sleep Dentistry, São Paulo Brazil.
- Núcleo de Ensino, Odontologia do Sono, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luciano Ferreira Drager
- Brazilian Sleep Association, São Paulo Brazil.
- Hypertension Units, Institute of the Heart (InCor), and Course on Nephrology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Ieto
- Speech-Language-Hearing Council, Brazilian Sleep Association, São Paulo Brazil.
| | | | - Gabriele Ramos de Luccas
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru Brazil.
| | - Evelyn Lucien Brasil
- Brazilian Sleep Association, São Paulo Brazil.
- Department of Critical Care Medicina, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo Brazil.
| | | | - Edilson Zancanella
- Brazilian Association of Sleep Medicine, São Paulo Brazil.
- State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Natan Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo – São Paulo Brazil.
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo Brazil.
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13
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Foster M, Federico A, Klaiman C, Bradshaw J. Early Sleep Differences in Young Infants with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2023; 44:e519-e526. [PMID: 37556592 PMCID: PMC10592571 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience greater sleep challenges than their neurotypical peers, but sleep patterns for infants later diagnosed with ASD are unknown. This study examined differences in total sleep duration and proportion of sleep experienced at night within the first 6 months of life among infants later diagnosed with ASD, infants who demonstrated subclinical characteristics of ASD and were classified as exhibiting the broad autism phenotype (BAP), and their typically developing (TD) peers. In addition, associations between infant sleep variables and developmental outcomes at 24 months were explored. METHODS Participants included 79 infants enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal study of the early development of ASD. Between ages 1 week and 6 months, participants completed a monthly retrospective 24-hour sleep log. At 24 months, participants received a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 and Mullen Scales of Early Learning and Vineland-II and were clinically characterized as ASD, BAP, or TD. RESULTS When accounting for the influence of age, infants later diagnosed with ASD slept less within the 24-hour period than infants in TD or BAP groups from 0 to 6 months ( p = 0.04). Percentage of sleep experienced during nighttime hours did not significantly differ between groups from 0 to 6 months ( p = 0.25). Greater nighttime sleep percentage at 6 months predicted higher receptive language ( p < 0.001) and fine motor scores ( p < 0.0001) at 24 months. Total sleep duration at 6 months did not predict any developmental outcomes at 24 months. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that differences in sleep may occur among autistic individuals earlier in life than previously documented and have cascading effects on development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Foster
- College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Alexis Federico
- College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Cheryl Klaiman
- Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jessica Bradshaw
- College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
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14
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Cai S, Tham EKH, Xu HY, Fu X, Goh RSM, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Yap F, Shek LPC, Hoe Teoh O, Gooley JJ, Yam-Thiam Goh D, Meaney MJ, Schneider N, Rifkin-Graboi A, Broekman BFP. Trajectories of reported sleep duration associate with early childhood cognitive development. Sleep 2023; 46:6820918. [PMID: 36355436 PMCID: PMC9905782 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Examine how different trajectories of reported sleep duration associate with early childhood cognition. METHODS Caregiver-reported sleep duration data (n = 330) were collected using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months and Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire at 54 months. Multiple group-based day-, night-, and/or total sleep trajectories were derived-each differing in duration and variability. Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III (Bayley-III) and the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test- 2 (KBIT-2) were used to assess cognition at 24 and 54 months, respectively. RESULTS Compared to short variable night sleep trajectory, long consistent night sleep trajectory was associated with higher scores on Bayley-III (cognition and language), while moderate/long consistent night sleep trajectories were associated with higher KBIT-2 (verbal and composite) scores. Children with a long consistent total sleep trajectory had higher Bayley-III (cognition and expressive language) and KBIT-2 (verbal and composite) scores compared to children with a short variable total sleep trajectory. Moderate consistent total sleep trajectory was associated with higher Bayley-III language and KBIT-2 verbal scores relative to the short variable total trajectory. Children with a long variable day sleep had lower Bayley-III (cognition and fine motor) and KBIT-2 (verbal and composite) scores compared to children with a short consistent day sleep trajectory. CONCLUSIONS Longer and more consistent night- and total sleep trajectories, and a short day sleep trajectory in early childhood were associated with better cognition at 2 and 4.5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elaine Kwang Hsia Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hai-Yan Xu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiuju Fu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rick Siow Mong Goh
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette Pei-Chi Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat- National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oon Hoe Teoh
- Respiratory Medicine Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua J Gooley
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Yam-Thiam Goh
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat- National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nora Schneider
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Societé des Produits Nestlé S.A., Switzerland
| | - Anne Rifkin-Graboi
- Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Birit F P Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Amsterdam UMC and OLVG Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Newton AT, Reid GJ. Regular, intermittent, and spontaneous: Patterns of preschool Children's nap behavior and their correlates. Sleep Med 2023; 102:105-116. [PMID: 36640556 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daytime sleep during the preschool years (i.e., 1-5-years-old) is characterized by high inter-child variability in several components of nap behavior, including nap duration, nap timing, and the proportion of sleep during daytime. We used an empirical approach to examine variations amongst children in these aspects of napping and investigated correlates of these components of nap behavior. METHODS A large, nationally representative sample (N = 702) of Canadian parents completed an online survey, including a one-month retrospective report of their 1.5-5 year old's daytime and nighttime sleep behavior and other questionnaires. To understand patterns of children's nap behaviors we applied Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to typical nap duration, typical timing of naps, frequency of naps, proportion of sleep during the daytime, and the proportion of naps which were spontaneous (i.e., child just fell asleep). Then, multinominal logistic regression was used to examine correlates of profile membership. RESULTS Four profiles of children emerged: (1) regular nappers; (2) intermittent nappers; (3) spontaneous nappers; and (4) non-nappers. After controlling for demographic variables (e.g., child age, sex, ethnicity) and known correlates of napping behaviors (e.g., birthweight, nighttime sleep duration), profile membership was related to parents' beliefs about napping, parents' own nap behaviors, family functioning, and child nighttime sleep problems in a multinominal logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS An empirical approach aided in understanding the inter-child variability in napping amongst preschool-age children. Parental beliefs about napping and the home environment were shown to be critical factors influencing this variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Newton
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, Canada.
| | - Graham J Reid
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, Canada; Department of Family Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, Canada
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16
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Nicholson L, Bohnert AM, Crowley SJ. A developmental perspective on sleep consistency: Preschool age through emerging adulthood. Behav Sleep Med 2023; 21:97-116. [PMID: 35014925 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2021.2024192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Beyond sleep duration, the regularity of sleep patterns (e.g., sleep consistency), including variability in sleep timing (e.g., bedtime, wake time) and duration, is a critical marker of sleep health. Sleep consistency is captured using a variety of methods within the literature (e.g., sleep intraindividual variability, social jetlag), but most of the research focuses on adolescents. METHODS Drawing on a developmental perspective, this narrative review highlights how normative changes at the individual (e.g., biological, cognitive, and social) and contextual (e.g., home, school, sociocultural) levels may contribute to inconsistent sleep patterns across development. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS This review emphasizes how inconsistent sleep may increase across pivotal transitions throughout development (e.g., elimination of naps, puberty, summertime, entering college). Finally, recommendations for measuring sleep consistency and areas to address in future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nicholson
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amy M Bohnert
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie J Crowley
- Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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17
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Sansavini A, Riva M, Zuccarini M, Aceti A, Corvaglia L, Scher A, Guarini A. Night Sleep and Parental Bedtime Practices in Low-Risk Preterm and Full-Term Late Talkers. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121813. [PMID: 36553255 PMCID: PMC9777501 DOI: 10.3390/children9121813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Night sleep and parental bedtime practices have rarely been investigated in late talkers. This study aimed to explore: night sleep, parental bedtime practices, and their associations in late talkers as well as individual, socio-demographic, and socio-relational factors affecting them. Parents of 47 30-month-old late talkers, born low-risk preterm (n = 24) or full-term (n = 23), with an expressive vocabulary size ≤10th percentile measured by the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory Words and Sentences, and normal cognitive abilities measured by the Bayley Scales, completed the Infant Sleep Questionnaire, the Parental Interactive Bedtime Behaviour Scale, and the Parenting Stress Index Short Form. Results showed slight settling difficulties, night wakings, and frequent co-sleeping in late talkers. Encouraging autonomy practices were frequently used by parents, rather than active physical comforting ones. Recurrent settling difficulties were reported by parents who often applied encouraging autonomy practices, whereas greater night waking problems and frequent co-sleeping were reported by parents who often left their child crying. Low-risk preterm birth and mother's parenting stress predicted total sleep difficulties and night wakings; first-born, high maternal education level and mother's parenting stress predicted settling difficulties; mother's parenting stress was the only predictor for co-sleeping and leaving to cry. These findings have relevant implications for improving late talkers' night sleep and their parents' bedtime practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sansavini
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Martina Riva
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Zuccarini
- Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin”, University of Bologna, Via Filippo Re 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Arianna Aceti
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Corvaglia
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anat Scher
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Haifa, Abba Khoushy Ave 199, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Annalisa Guarini
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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18
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Rolling J, Rabot J, Schroder CM. Melatonin Treatment for Pediatric Patients with Insomnia: Is There a Place for It? Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:1927-1944. [PMID: 36325278 PMCID: PMC9621019 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s340944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a vital physiological function that is impaired in ranges from 10% in the typically developing pediatric population to over 80% in populations of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and/or psychiatric comorbidities. Pediatric insomnia disorder is an increasing public health concern given its negative impact on synaptic plasticity involved in learning and memory consolidation but also on mood regulation, hormonal development and growth, and its significant impact on quality of life of the child, the adolescent and the family. While first-line treatment of pediatric insomnia should include parental education on sleep as well as sleep hygiene measures and behavioural treatment approaches, pharmacological interventions may be necessary if these strategies fail. Melatonin treatment has been increasingly used off-label in pediatric insomnia, given its benign safety profile. This article aims to identify the possible role of melatonin treatment for pediatric insomnia, considering its physiological role in sleep regulation and the differential effects of immediate release (IR) versus prolonged release (PR) melatonin. For the physician dealing with pediatric insomnia, it is particularly important to be able to distinguish treatment rationales implying different dosages and times of treatment intake. Finally, we discuss the benefit-risk ratio for melatonin treatment in different pediatric populations, ranging from the general pediatric population to children with different types of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder or ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rolling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UPR3212- Research Team “Light, Circadian Rhythms, Sleep Homeostasis and Neuropsychiatry”, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, Strasbourg, France
- Excellence Centre for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders STRAS&ND, Strasbourg, France
- Sleep Disorders Centre & International Research Centre for ChronoSomnology (Circsom), University Hospitals Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Juliette Rabot
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UPR3212- Research Team “Light, Circadian Rhythms, Sleep Homeostasis and Neuropsychiatry”, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, Strasbourg, France
- Excellence Centre for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders STRAS&ND, Strasbourg, France
- Expert Centre for High-Functioning Autism, Fondation FondaMental, Strasbourg, France
- Autism Resources Centre 67 for Children and Adolescents, Strasbourg, France
| | - Carmen M Schroder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UPR3212- Research Team “Light, Circadian Rhythms, Sleep Homeostasis and Neuropsychiatry”, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, Strasbourg, France
- Excellence Centre for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders STRAS&ND, Strasbourg, France
- Sleep Disorders Centre & International Research Centre for ChronoSomnology (Circsom), University Hospitals Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Expert Centre for High-Functioning Autism, Fondation FondaMental, Strasbourg, France
- Autism Resources Centre 67 for Children and Adolescents, Strasbourg, France
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19
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Chen HL, Gao JX, Chen YN, Xie JF, Xie YP, Spruyt K, Lin JS, Shao YF, Hou YP. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep during Early Life: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13101. [PMID: 36293678 PMCID: PMC9602694 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ontogenetic sleep hypothesis suggested that rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is ontogenetically primitive. Namely, REM sleep plays an imperative role in the maturation of the central nervous system. In coincidence with a rapidly developing brain during the early period of life, a remarkably large amount of REM sleep has been identified in numerous behavioral and polysomnographic studies across species. The abundant REM sleep appears to serve to optimize a cerebral state suitable for homeostasis and inherent neuronal activities favorable to brain maturation, ranging from neuronal differentiation, migration, and myelination to synaptic formation and elimination. Progressively more studies in Mammalia have provided the underlying mechanisms involved in some REM sleep-related disorders (e.g., narcolepsy, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)). We summarize the remarkable alterations of polysomnographic, behavioral, and physiological characteristics in humans and Mammalia. Through a comprehensive review, we offer a hybrid of animal and human findings, demonstrating that early-life REM sleep disturbances constitute a common feature of many neurodevelopmental disorders. Our review may assist and promote investigations of the underlying mechanisms, functions, and neurodevelopmental diseases involved in REM sleep during early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lin Chen
- Departments of Neuroscience, Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang Xi Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jin-Xian Gao
- Departments of Neuroscience, Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang Xi Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Sleep Medicine Center of Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu-Nong Chen
- Departments of Neuroscience, Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang Xi Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jun-Fan Xie
- Departments of Neuroscience, Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang Xi Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu-Ping Xie
- Sleep Medicine Center of Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Karen Spruyt
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot–INSERM, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Jian-Sheng Lin
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, CRNL, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier–Neurocampus Michel Jouvet, 95 Boulevard Pinel, CEDEX, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Yu-Feng Shao
- Departments of Neuroscience, Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang Xi Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, CRNL, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier–Neurocampus Michel Jouvet, 95 Boulevard Pinel, CEDEX, 69675 Bron, France
- Key Lab of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yi-Ping Hou
- Departments of Neuroscience, Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang Xi Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Lab of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Co-Rooming Accounts for Socioeconomic Disparities in Infant Sleep Quality among Families Living in Urban Environments. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9101429. [PMID: 36291365 PMCID: PMC9600685 DOI: 10.3390/children9101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Poor infant sleep quality is associated with negative maternal and infant health outcomes. This study measures socioeconomic disparities in infant sleep quality, and assesses whether child sleep location and maternal stress mediate associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and infant sleep quality. The study includes 86 socioeconomically diverse, mother-infant dyads living in an urban area with infants aged 6–12 months. Mothers reported socioeconomic demographics, infant sleep quality (Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire) and maternal subjective stress (Perceived Stress Scale). Maternal objective stress was measured via hair cortisol concentration (HCC). The associations among SES, infant sleep quality, infant co-rooming, and maternal stress were assessed. Infants from families with lower income-to-needs (ITN) ratios had poorer infant sleep quality. The association between familial ITN and infant sleep quality was mediated by whether the child co-rooms with parents. Maternal perceived stress was independently associated with infant sleep quality, but HCC was not associated with infant sleep quality.
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21
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Austerberry C, Mateen M, Fearon P, Ronald A. Heritability of Psychological Traits and Developmental Milestones in Infancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2227887. [PMID: 35994288 PMCID: PMC9396365 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.27887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although infancy is the most rapid period of postnatal growth and development, factors associated with variation in infant traits are not well understood. OBJECTIVE To synthesize the large twin study literature partitioning phenotypic variance in psychological traits and developmental milestones in infancy into estimates of heritability and shared and nonshared environment. DATA SOURCES PubMed, PsycINFO, and references of included publications were searched up to February 11, 2021. STUDY SELECTION Peer-reviewed publications using the classical twin design to study psychological traits and developmental milestones from birth to 2 years old were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data were extracted in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and categorized using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: Children and Youth Version. Data were pooled in 3-level random effects models, incorporating within-cohort variance in outcome measurement and between-cohort variance. Data were analyzed from March 2021 through September 2021. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcomes were monozygotic and dizygotic twin correlations. These were used to calculate genetic and shared and nonshared environment estimates. RESULTS Among 139 publications that were systematically retrieved, data were available on 79 044 twin pairs (31 053 monozygotic and 47 991 dizygotic pairs), 52 independent samples, and 21 countries. Meta-analyses were conducted on psychological traits and developmental milestones from 106 publications organized into 10 categories of functioning, disability, and health. Moderate to high genetic estimates for 8 categories were found, the highest of which was psychomotor functions (pooled h2, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.25-0.79; P < .001). Several categories of traits had substantial shared environment estimates, the highest being mental functions of language (pooled c2, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.24-0.86; P = .001). All examined categories of traits had moderate or high nonshared environment estimates, the highest of which were emotional functions (pooled e2, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.33-0.50; P < .001) and family relationships (pooled e2, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.30-0.55; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings may be an important source of information to guide future gene discovery research, public perspectives on nature and nurture, and clinical insights into the degree to which family history and environments may estimate major domains of infant functioning, disability, and health in psychological traits and developmental milestones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Austerberry
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Mateen
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pasco Fearon
- Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Angelica Ronald
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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22
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Gaviraghi Mussoi J, Stanley MC, Cain KE. Importance of sleep for avian vocal communication. Biol Lett 2022; 18:20220223. [PMID: 35975628 PMCID: PMC9382451 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2022.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is one of the few truly ubiquitous animal behaviours, and though many animals spend enormous periods of time asleep, we have only begun to understand the consequences of sleep disturbances. In humans, sleep is crucial for effective communication. Birds are classic models for understanding the evolution and mechanisms of human language and speech. Bird vocalizations are remarkably diverse, critical, fitness-related behaviours, and the way sleep affects vocalizations is likely similarly varied. However, research on the effects of sleep disturbances on avian vocalizations is shockingly scarce. Consequently, there is a critical gap in our understanding of the extent to which sleep disturbances disrupt communication. Here, we argue that sleep disturbances are likely to affect all birds' vocal performance by interfering with motivation, memory consolidation and vocal maintenance. Further, we suggest that quality sleep is likely essential when learning new vocalizations and that sleep disturbances will have especially strong effects on learned vocalizations. Finally, we advocate for future research to address gaps in our understanding of how sleep influences vocal learning and performance in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margaret C Stanley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kristal E Cain
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Abstract
There is growing public health concern about the high prevalence of sleep deficiency in early childhood and the associated risk for sleep-associated poor health outcomes, including metabolic, cardiovascular, and mental health. The recent shift to conceptualize sleep health as a multidimensional construct, influenced by socioecological factors, highlights the potential role of sleep in health disparities. Understanding the development of sleep health and the emergence of sleep disorders in early life is a current priority in pediatric sleep research. Future behavioral sleep interventions should consider the multiple socioecological influences on children's sleep health and be tested using inclusive sampling methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Logan
- Yale School of Nursing, PO Box 27399, West Haven, CT 06516-7399, USA
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24
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Early life circadian rhythm disruption in mice alters brain and behavior in adulthood. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7366. [PMID: 35513413 PMCID: PMC9072337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy sleep supports robust development of the brain and behavior. Modern society presents a host of challenges that can impair and disrupt critical circadian rhythms that reinforce optimal physiological functioning, including the proper timing and consolidation of sleep. While the acute effects of inadequate sleep and disrupted circadian rhythms are being defined, the adverse developmental consequences of disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms are understudied. Here, we exposed mice to disrupting light–dark cycles from birth until weaning and demonstrate that such exposure has adverse impacts on brain and behavior as adults. Mice that experience early-life circadian disruption exhibit more anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze, poorer spatial memory in the Morris Water Maze, and impaired working memory in a delayed match-to-sample task. Additionally, neuron morphology in the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex is adversely impacted. Pyramidal cells in these areas had smaller dendritic fields, and pyramidal cells in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus also exhibited diminished branching orders. Disrupted mice were also hyperactive as adults, but otherwise exhibited no alteration in adult circadian locomotor rhythms. These results highlight that circadian disruption early in life may have long lasting and far-reaching consequences for the development of behavior and the brain.
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25
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Pecora G, Focaroli V, Paoletti M, Barca L, Chiarotti F, Borghi AM, Gasparini C, Caravale B, Bombaci I, Gastaldi S, Bellagamba F, Addessi E. Infant sleep and development: Concurrent and longitudinal relations during the first 8 months of life. Infant Behav Dev 2022; 67:101719. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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Hernandez-Reif M, Gungordu N. Infant sleep behaviors relate to their later cognitive and language abilities and morning cortisol stress hormone levels. Infant Behav Dev 2022; 67:101700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Mieszkowska K, Krajewski G, Sobota K, Dynak A, Kolak J, Krysztofiak M, Łukomska B, Łuniewska M, Garmann NG, Hansen P, Romøren ASH, Simonsen HG, Alcock K, Katsos N, Haman E. Parental Report via a Mobile App in the Context of Early Language Trajectories: StarWords Study Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053067. [PMID: 35270756 PMCID: PMC8910428 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Social sciences researchers emphasize that new technologies can overcome the limitations of small and homogenous samples. In research on early language development, which often uses parental reports, taking the testing online might be particularly compelling. Due to logistical limitations, previous studies on bilingual children have explored the language development trajectories in general (e.g., by including few and largely set apart timepoints), or focused on small, homogeneous samples. The present study protocol presents a new, on-going study which uses new technologies to collect longitudinal data continuously from parents of multilingual, bilingual, and monolingual children. Our primary aim is to establish the developmental trajectories in Polish-British English and Polish-Norwegian bilingual children and Polish monolingual children aged 0–3 years with the use of mobile and web-based applications. These tools allow parents to report their children’s language development as it progresses, and allow us to characterize children’s performance in each language (the age of reaching particular language milestones). The project’s novelty rests on its use of mobile technologies to characterize the bilingual and monolingual developmental trajectory from the very first words to broader vocabulary and multiword combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Mieszkowska
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland; (G.K.); (K.S.); (A.D.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (B.Ł.); (M.Ł.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (E.H.)
| | - Grzegorz Krajewski
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland; (G.K.); (K.S.); (A.D.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (B.Ł.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Krzysztof Sobota
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland; (G.K.); (K.S.); (A.D.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (B.Ł.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Agnieszka Dynak
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland; (G.K.); (K.S.); (A.D.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (B.Ł.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Joanna Kolak
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland; (G.K.); (K.S.); (A.D.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (B.Ł.); (M.Ł.)
- School of Health & Society, University of Salford, Salford M6 6PU, UK
| | - Magdalena Krysztofiak
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland; (G.K.); (K.S.); (A.D.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (B.Ł.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Barbara Łukomska
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland; (G.K.); (K.S.); (A.D.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (B.Ł.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Magdalena Łuniewska
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland; (G.K.); (K.S.); (A.D.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (B.Ł.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Nina Gram Garmann
- Department of Early Childhood Education, Faculty of Education and International Studies, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0176 Oslo, Norway; (N.G.G.); (A.S.H.R.)
- MultiLing, Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (P.H.); (H.G.S.)
| | - Pernille Hansen
- MultiLing, Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (P.H.); (H.G.S.)
- Department of Humanities, Faculty of Education, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2318 Hamar, Norway
| | - Anna Sara Hexeberg Romøren
- Department of Early Childhood Education, Faculty of Education and International Studies, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0176 Oslo, Norway; (N.G.G.); (A.S.H.R.)
- MultiLing, Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (P.H.); (H.G.S.)
| | - Hanne Gram Simonsen
- MultiLing, Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (P.H.); (H.G.S.)
| | - Katie Alcock
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YF, UK;
| | - Napoleon Katsos
- Faculty of Modern and Medieval Languages and Linguistics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 9DP, UK;
| | - Ewa Haman
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland; (G.K.); (K.S.); (A.D.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (B.Ł.); (M.Ł.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (E.H.)
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28
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Cao S, Liu J, Li Y, Xu S, Xia W. Associations of sleep duration with neurocognitive development in the first 2 years of life. J Sleep Res 2022; 31:e13554. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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29
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Knowland VCP, Berens S, Gaskell MG, Walker SA, Henderson LM. Does the maturation of early sleep patterns predict language ability at school entry? A Born in Bradford study. JOURNAL OF CHILD LANGUAGE 2022; 49:1-23. [PMID: 33531096 DOI: 10.1017/s0305000920000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Children's vocabulary ability at school entry is highly variable and predictive of later language and literacy outcomes. Sleep is potentially useful in understanding and explaining that variability, with sleep patterns being predictive of global trajectories of language acquisition. Here, we looked to replicate and extend these findings. Data from 354 children (without English as an additional language) in the Born in Bradford study were analysed, describing the mean intercepts and linear trends in parent-reported day-time and night-time sleep duration over five time points between 6 and 36 months-of-age. The mean difference between night-time and day-time sleep was predictive of receptive vocabulary at age five, with more night-time sleep relative to day-time sleep predicting better language. An exploratory analysis suggested that socioeconomic status was predictive of vocabulary outcomes, with sleep patterns partially mediating this relationship. We suggest that the consolidation of sleep patterns acts as a driver of early language development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam Berens
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9QH, UK
| | - M Gareth Gaskell
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sarah A Walker
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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30
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Kuok CM, Liu JR, Liang JS, Chang SH, Yang MT. Sleep problems in preschool children at the child development center with different developmental status: A questionnaire survey. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:949161. [PMID: 36186644 PMCID: PMC9515396 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.949161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between sleep problems and development in preschool children with suspected developmental delay. METHODS A total of 192 preschool children (mean age 4 years; 131 males, 61 females) were recruited from the Child Development Clinic, including 98 preterm children and 94 age- and sex-matched full-term children. All participants underwent evaluation of gross motor, fine motor and speech performance. All parents of all participants completed the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Some of the participants also underwent psychological evaluation. Correlation analysis and community network analysis were used to investigate the interactions. RESULTS The developmental status was: 75.5% developmental delay, 19.3% borderline development, and 5.2% normal development. Eighty-nine percent of the subjects had abnormal CSHQ scores. Age, gestational age, speech development, cognitive development, and socio-emotional development were significantly correlated with the CSHQ. Significant interactions between sleep problems and development were noted mostly in the preterm group. CONCLUSION High prevalence of sleep disturbances in children at the Child Development Center was noted and associated with multiple factors. Therefore, during the multidisciplinary evaluation of children with possible developmental delay, inquiring about their sleep quality and habits is strongly recommended. Mitigating sleep problems enhances the efficacy of early intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Man Kuok
- Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rou Liu
- Child Development Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jao-Shwann Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Han Chang
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tao Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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31
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Bates RA, Singletary B, Dynia JM, Justice LM. Temperament and sleep behaviors in infants and toddlers living in low-income homes. Infant Behav Dev 2021; 65:101657. [PMID: 34715609 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Temperament is a dynamic trait that can be shaped by maturity and environmental experiences. In this study, we sought to determine whether and the extent to which temperament was predicted by sleeping behaviors in an understudied sample of primarily Black and White infants and toddlers living in low-income homes (N = 150). Sleeping behaviors were assessed at 15-19 months of age with caregiver report of the Tayside Children's Sleep Questionnaire. Temperament was examined as effortful control, negativity, and surgency with the Infant Behavior Questionnaire Very Short Form at 9-12 months of age and with the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire Short Form at 20-24 months of age. Covariates were maternal education, household income, and child sex and race. Continuous variables were standardized, then missing data from independent variables were multiply imputed in 20 datasets. Regression analyses showed that about 1 SD improvement in toddler sleep behaviors significantly predicted about 1/5 SD better toddler effortful control. However, sleep behaviors did not significantly predict toddler surgency or negative affect. This study shows that for a sample of infants and toddlers in low-income homes, how a child learns to regulate sleeping behaviors may influence the development of overall effortful control about six months later.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Britt Singletary
- The Ohio State University Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, USA
| | - Jaclyn M Dynia
- The Ohio State University Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, USA
| | - Laura M Justice
- The Ohio State University Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, USA
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32
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Axelsson EL, Swinton J, Jiang IY, Parker EV, Horst JS. Prior Exposure and Toddlers' Sleep-Related Memory for Novel Words. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11101366. [PMID: 34679430 PMCID: PMC8534215 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Children can easily link a novel word to a novel, unnamed object—something referred to as fast mapping. Despite the ease and speed with which children do this, their memories for novel fast-mapped words can be poor unless they receive memory supports such as further exposure to the words or sleep. Axelsson, Swinton, Winiger, and Horst (2018) found that 2.5-year-old children who napped after fast mapping had better retention of novel words than children who did not nap. Retention declined for those who did not nap. The children received no memory supports and determined the word-object mappings independently. Previous studies report enhanced memories after sleeping in children and adults, but the napping children’s retention in the Axelsson et al. study remained steady across time. We report a follow-up investigation where memory supports are provided after fast mapping to test whether memories would be enhanced following napping. Children’s retention of novel words improved and remained greater than chance; however, there was no nap effect with no significant difference between the children who napped and those who did not. These findings suggest that when memory supports are provided, retention improves, and the word–object mappings remain stable over time. When memory traces are weak and labile, such as after fast mapping, without further memory supports, sleeping soon after helps stabilise and prevent decay of word–object mappings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Axelsson
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, Australia
| | - Jaclyn Swinton
- Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Isabel Y Jiang
- Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Emma V Parker
- Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Jessica S Horst
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK
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The Babytwins Study Sweden (BATSS): A Multi-Method Infant Twin Study of Genetic and Environmental Factors Influencing Infant Brain and Behavioral Development. Twin Res Hum Genet 2021; 24:217-227. [PMID: 34521499 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2021.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Twin studies can help us understand the relative contributions of genes and environment to phenotypic trait variation, including attentional and brain activation measures. In terms of applying methodologies such as electroencephalography (EEG) and eye tracking, which are key methods in developmental neuroscience, infant twin studies are almost nonexistent. Here, we describe the Babytwins Study Sweden (BATSS), a multi-method longitudinal twin study of 177 MZ and 134 DZ twin pairs (i.e., 622 individual infants) covering the 5-36 month time period. The study includes EEG, eye tracking and genetics, together with more traditional measures based on in-person testing, direct observation and questionnaires. The results show that interest in participation in research among twin parents is high, despite the comprehensive protocol. DNA analysis from saliva samples was possible in virtually all participants, allowing for both zygosity confirmation and polygenic score analyses. Combining a longitudinal twin design with advanced technologies in developmental cognitive neuroscience and genomics, BATSS represents a new approach in infancy research, which we hope to have impact across multiple disciplines in the coming years.
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Banaschewski T, Bruni O, Fuentes J, Hill CM, Hvolby A, Posserud MB, Schroder C. Practice Tools for Screening and Monitoring Insomnia in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:3758-3768. [PMID: 34463899 PMCID: PMC9296438 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05236-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Between 50-80% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have insomnia, which adversely affects their mental and physical health. However, there is no consensus to-date on suitable tools for insomnia screening and monitoring in daily clinical practice. An expert panel of child neuropsychiatry and sleep specialists, with expertise in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, recommends: (1) performing insomnia screening of all children with ASD; (2) considering discussion or referral to a sleep specialist when comorbid sleep disorders are suspected. The panel further developed structured, brief screening and monitoring tools to facilitate insomnia screening and management in daily practice, monitor treatment effectiveness and standardize and compare outcomes across clinical settings to improve care and well-being of children with ASD and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Joaquin Fuentes
- Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Policlínica Gipuzkoa and GAUTENA Autism Society, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Catherine Mary Hill
- School of Clinical Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Southampton Children's Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Allan Hvolby
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatry in Region of South Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maj-Britt Posserud
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Carmen Schroder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Excellence Centre for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders STRAS&ND, Strasbourg University Hospitals & University of Strasbourg Medical School, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, Strasbourg, France.
- Sleep Disorders Center& International Research Center for ChronoSomnology, Strasbourg, France.
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Cook F, Conway L, Omerovic E, Cahir P, Giallo R, Hiscock H, Mensah F, Bretherton L, Bavin E, Eadie P, Brown S, Reilly S. Infant Regulation: Associations with Child Language Development in a Longitudinal Cohort. J Pediatr 2021; 233:90-97.e2. [PMID: 33549551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether infants who have regulatory problems (eg, sleeping, crying, and feeding problems) at 1 year of age are at increased risk of experiencing language difficulties at ages 5 and 11 years, compared with settled infants. STUDY DESIGN Parent survey and child assessment data (n = 1131) were drawn from a longitudinal community cohort study. Latent Class Analysis identified 5 profiles of infant regulation including those who were settled (37%), had tantrums (21%), had sleep problems (25%), were moderately unsettled (13%), and severely unsettled (3%) at 12 months of age. Adjusted regression analyses examined associations between infant regulatory profiles and language ability (Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-fourth edition) at ages 5 and 11 years. RESULTS Infants who were moderately unsettled had lower language scores at age 5 (adjusted mean difference, -3.89; 95% CI, -6.92 to -0.86) and were more likely to have language difficulties (aOR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.28-5.75), than infants who were settled. Infants who were severely unsettled at 12 months of age, had lower language scores at ages 5 (adjusted mean difference, -7.71; 95% CI, -13.07 to -2.36) and 11 (adjusted mean difference, -6.50; 95% CI, -11.60 to -1.39), than infants who were settled. Severely unsettled infants were 5 times more likely to have language difficulties at age 5 than their settled counterparts (aOR, 5.01; 95% CI, 1.72-14.63). CONCLUSIONS Children at 1 year of age with multiple regulatory problems are at an increased risk for poorer language skills at ages 5 and 11 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fallon Cook
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Laura Conway
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emina Omerovic
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Petrea Cahir
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rebecca Giallo
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Harriet Hiscock
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fiona Mensah
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lesley Bretherton
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Edith Bavin
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Patricia Eadie
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephanie Brown
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sheena Reilly
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
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Bates RA, Singletary B, Dynia JM, Justice LM. Maternal Mental Health Symptoms and Clusters Predict Toddler Sleep in Low-Income Homes. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 2021; 182:252-268. [PMID: 33949281 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2021.1910125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The authors examined the association of maternal mental health symptoms and symptom clusters with the sleeping behaviors of toddlers living in low-income homes. The sample is comprised of 174 racially diverse mother and toddler (15-19 months old) dyads who were participating in a longitudinal birth cohort study. Dyads were initially recruited from Women, Infant, and Children clinics in a Midwestern county of the United States. Maternal mental health symptoms were measured with self-reports of depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression), parenting stress (Parenting Stress Index Very Short Form), and parenting self-efficacy. Toddler sleeping behaviors were measured with an adaptation of the Tayside Children's Sleep Questionnaire that assessed toddler difficulties in initiating or maintaining sleep (DIMS). Maternal mental health symptom clusters were identified with latent profile analysis and toddler DIMS were regressed on maternal mental health symptoms. We found that 1 SD worse maternal depression, parenting stress, or parenting self-efficacy predicted 0.18-0.24 SD worse toddler DIMS (p < .05). Moreover, we found that the cluster of adverse maternal mental health symptoms predicted nearly 0.75 SD worse toddler DIMS as compared with the cluster of good maternal mental health symptoms (p < .05). These findings provide insight into how maternal mental health symptom clusters may be important in understanding sleep behaviors in early toddlerhood, a sensitive period of sleep development, and underscore the need to support mothers with co-occurring adverse mental health symptoms, as their children may be at higher risk for DIMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi A Bates
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Britt Singletary
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jaclyn M Dynia
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura M Justice
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Zhang Z, Sousa-Sá E, Pereira JR, Okely AD, Feng X, Santos R. Correlates of Sleep Duration in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review. Behav Sleep Med 2021; 19:407-425. [PMID: 32496141 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2020.1772264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to summarize correlates of sleep duration in children under 5 years of age. METHODS Six electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus) were searched from inception to May 2019. Observational studies and intervention studies reporting cross-sectional results from baseline data were considered. Data were extracted using a predesigned form and potential correlates were categorized following a sociological framework. RESULTS One-hundred and sixteen studies, representing 329,166 children, met the inclusion criteria, with a high risk of bias in 62 included studies. A total of 83 correlates of sleep duration were identified. Among the associations studied four or more times, correlates of nap duration were child's age and nighttime sleep onset/bedtime; correlates of nighttime sleep duration were household income, parent marital status, parental adiposity level, nighttime sleep duration at younger age, nighttime sleep onset/bedtime, nighttime sleep wakeup time, and frequency of current bedtime routine; correlate of total sleep duration was screen time. CONCLUSIONS Young children from low-income households, single families, or having overweight parents may be at risk for short sleep duration. Promoting healthy sleep duration from an early age appears essential. Effective practices may include encouraging an earlier bedtime, limiting screen time, and establishing a regular bedtime routine. The absence of consistent evidence in the psychological, cognitive, and emotional domain as well as the physical environmental domain warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Zhang
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Eduarda Sousa-Sá
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - João R Pereira
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,CIDAF (Uid/dtp/04213/2016), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia.,Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Rute Santos
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologia, Lisboa, Portugal
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Cycyk LM, De Anda S. Media exposure and language experience: Examining associations from home observations in Mexican immigrant families in the US. Infant Behav Dev 2021; 63:101554. [PMID: 33812166 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The current exploratory study describes exposure to digital media in young children from Mexican immigrant homes and its association with language input and output. Using multiple recordings of children's home environments, we report on the rate (i.e., percentage of total recording time), language (Spanish or English), and type (adult- or child-directed programming) of auditory media exposure in toddlers under three years of age (N = 30; Mage = 20;3 months). We also examine total adult words and adult-child conversational turns, as indicators of child language input, and the number of child language vocalizations as a measure of early language development. Findings showed that digital media comprised approximately 14 % of the child language environment that families selected to record, with wide variability observed. Children were more likely to be exposed to media in Spanish than English and adult-directed than child-directed programming. Children's general media exposure was negatively associated with the amount of children's vocalizations and conversational turns but not the quantity of adult words in the environment, suggesting that the relation between media exposure and child language development is likely not mediated by a general decrease in adult input in Mexican immigrant homes. Instead, media exposure may decrease opportunities for children to engage in conversation and practice language expression, both critical mechanisms for successful language acquisition. Selection of child-directed programming may encourage child vocalizations but is less likely to be in Spanish in these homes, which may reduce opportunities for engagement with Spanish-dominant adults. Together these findings provide a window into the nature of media exposure in children from Mexican immigrant homes and into the associations between media and language input and output. Directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Cycyk
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, Department of Special Education and Clinical Sciences, University of Oregon, United States.
| | - Stephanie De Anda
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, Department of Special Education and Clinical Sciences, University of Oregon, United States
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Basile C, Gigliotti F, Cesario S, Bruni O. The relation between sleep and neurocognitive development in infancy and early childhood: A neuroscience perspective. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 60:9-27. [PMID: 33641802 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is essential for human life. It has different characteristics in the early stages of life compared to later periods: during development, qualitative and quantitative changes in sleep features occur such as the onset of REM/NREM sleep at 3 months, the progressive increase of night sleep duration, and the reduction of total sleep time. Sleep seems to be essential in the cognitive functions' development, especially in the first period of life. Indeed, higher rates of night sleep at the age of 12 and 18 months are associated with higher executive functions' performance. Furthermore, memory consolidation occurs during sleep and sleep contributes to children's learning not only in retaining information but also in organizing memories most efficiently. Therefore, sleep problems could cause negative effects on some features of cognitive development like memory, executive functions, and learning process. There is also an intimate relationship between sleep and regulation of emotional brain functions, with a link between sleep disturbance and behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Basile
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Gigliotti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Cesario
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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40
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Cassanello P, Ruiz-Botia I, Díez-Izquierdo A, Cartanyà-Hueso À, Martínez-Sanchez JM, Balaguer A. How do infants and toddlers sleep in Spain? A cross-sectional study. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:775-782. [PMID: 32827061 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-020-03786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
There is limited information on sleep patterns among infants and toddlers in Spain. The aim of this study was to assess sleep patterns in children three to 36 months of age in Spain. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2017 and February 2018. Sociodemographic data and sleep variables were collected using an expanded version of the validated Spanish version of the brief infant sleep questionnaire. A total of 1,404 parental reports on children (725 males; 679 females) with a mean age of 18.8 ± 9.5 months were collected. Parents who perceived their child's sleep as problematic (39% of our sample) reported fewer sleep hours (median 9 versus 10 h), more night awakenings (median 2 versus 1), and longer periods of nocturnal awakenings (median 0.5 versus 0.08 min) (p < 0.001). Parental presence at the time of sleep onset and later and irregular bedtime routines were significantly associated with a reduction in total sleep time, longer sleep latency, and disruptive night awakenings (p < 0.001). These findings highlight the need for further studies to assess how to improve sleep patterns as a relevant modifiable lifestyle factor.Conclusion: A substantial percentage of the population perceived that their children slept poorly, which was evident in a variety of sleep patterns, including sleep duration and sleep quality. What is known: • Previous research has established that sleep difficulties among pediatric population affect up to 30% of all children and up to 20-30% of infants and toddlers. • A positive relationship between less parental bedtime involvement and sleep consolidation in infants and toddlers has been established. What is new: • More than a third of Spanish parents perceived their infants and toddlers sleep as problematic and their children reportedly have shorter night sleep hours, more night awakenings, and longer periods of nocturnal awakenings. • Later and irregular parental bedtime routines were associated with worst infants and toddlers sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Cassanello
- Pediatric Division, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. .,AdSalutem Institute Sleep Medicine Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Ana Díez-Izquierdo
- Pediatric Division, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Albert Balaguer
- Pediatric Division, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Research suggests that technology use is associated with poorer sleep outcomes among children less than 6 years of age. These associations are evident regardless of the type of technology studied, although evening exposure may have the greatest impact compared with technology use during other parts of the day. More work is needed, particularly given that technology use is relatively high among young children. Clinicians should assess patients' technology exposure, including before bedtime, to assess whether sleep issues stem from children's technology use. Moreover, clinicians should educate caregivers about the association between technology use and sleep problems among young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy I Nathanson
- School of Communication, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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42
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Bates RA, Singletary B, Yacques A, Justice L. Sleep and stress in mother-toddler dyads living in low-income homes. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 63:1635-1643. [PMID: 33368168 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Optimal sleeping behaviors are critical for overall development, yet some evidence suggests stress and living in a low-income environment are associated with disruptions of sleeping behaviors early in life. In this study, we investigated the association of toddler sleeping behaviors, particularly difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep (DIMS), and maternal and toddler prolonged stress using hair cortisol from dyads living in low-income homes. Hair cortisol was mainly sampled at the posterior vertex of mothers and toddlers (age 20-24 months) and analyzed with immunoassay (n = 94). Toddler DIMS were assessed at 15-19 and 27-31 months of age through mother-rated reports using the Tayside Children's Sleep Questionnaire. We found no associations between toddler DIMS and maternal stress. Additionally, early DIMS did not predict toddler stress. However, while controlling for early DIMS and sociodemographic factors, we found that higher toddler stress predicted greater DIMS in later toddlerhood (b = -2.28, SE = 0.98, p = .02, ds = 0.64). These study findings highlight the importance of understanding the role of early life stress on later sleep patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi A Bates
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.,University of Cincinnati College of Nursing, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Britt Singletary
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Alexandre Yacques
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Laura Justice
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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Greiner de Magalhães C, O'Brien LM, Mervis CB. Sleep characteristics and problems of 2-year-olds with Williams syndrome: relations with language and behavior. J Neurodev Disord 2020; 12:32. [PMID: 33218304 PMCID: PMC7679988 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-020-09336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep problems have been shown to have a negative impact on language development and behavior for both typically developing children and children with a range of neurodevelopmental disorders. The relation of sleep characteristics and problems to language and behavior for children with Williams syndrome (WS) is unclear. The goal of this study was to address these relations for 2-year-olds with WS. Associations of nonverbal reasoning ability, nighttime sleep duration, and excessive daytime sleepiness with language ability and behavior problems were considered. Method Ninety-six 2-year-olds with genetically confirmed classic-length WS deletions participated. Parents completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, which includes a Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder (SRBD) scale with a subscale measuring excessive daytime sleepiness, to assess sleep characteristics and problems. Parents also completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Sentences to assess behavior problems and expressive vocabulary, respectively. Children completed the Mullen Scales of Early Learning to measure nonverbal reasoning and language abilities. Results Parents indicated that children slept an average of 10.36 h per night (SD = 1.09, range 7.3–13.3), not differing significantly from the mean reported by Bell and Zimmerman (2010) for typically developing toddlers (p = .787). Sixteen percent of participants screened positive for SRBD and 30% for excessive daytime sleepiness. Children who screened positive for SRBD had significantly more behavior problems on all CBCL scales than children who screened negative. Children with excessive daytime sleepiness had significantly more attention/hyperactivity, stress, and externalizing problems than those who did not have daytime sleepiness. Individual differences in parent-reported nighttime sleep duration and directly measured nonverbal reasoning abilities accounted for unique variance in expressive language, receptive language, and internalizing problems. Individual differences in parent-reported daytime sleepiness accounted for unique variance in externalizing problems. Conclusions The relations of nighttime sleep duration, positive screens for SRBD, and excessive daytime sleepiness to language and behavior in toddlers with WS parallel prior findings for typically developing toddlers. These results highlight the importance of screening young children with WS for sleep problems. Studies investigating the efficacy of behavioral strategies for improving sleep in children with WS are warranted. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11689-020-09336-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Greiner de Magalhães
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, 317 Life Sciences Building, Louisville, KY, 40204, USA
| | - Louise M O'Brien
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Carolyn B Mervis
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, 317 Life Sciences Building, Louisville, KY, 40204, USA.
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Matte-Landry A, Boivin M, Tanguay-Garneau L, Mimeau C, Brendgen M, Vitaro F, Tremblay RE, Dionne G. Children With Persistent Versus Transient Early Language Delay: Language, Academic, and Psychosocial Outcomes in Elementary School. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2020; 63:3760-3774. [PMID: 33105083 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to compare children with persistent versus transient preschool language delay on language, academic, and psychosocial outcomes in elementary school. Method Children with persistent language delay (n = 30), transient language delay (n = 29), and no language delay (controls; n = 163) were identified from a population-based sample of twins. They were compared on language skills, academic achievement, and psychosocial adjustment in kindergarten and Grades 1, 3, 4, and 6. Results Children with persistent language delay continued to show language difficulties throughout elementary school. Furthermore, they had academic difficulties, in numeracy, and psychosocial difficulties (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder behaviors, externalizing behaviors, peer difficulties) from Grade 1 to Grade 6. Children with transient language delay did not differ from controls on language and academic performance. However, they showed more externalizing behaviors in kindergarten and peer difficulties in Grade 1 than controls. Conclusion Difficulties at school age are widespread and enduring in those with persistent early language delay but appear specific to psychosocial adjustment in those with transient language delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Matte-Landry
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- School of Social Work, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel Boivin
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Catherine Mimeau
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Mara Brendgen
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- School of Psychoeducation, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Institute of Genetic, Neurobiological, and Social Foundations of Child Development, Tomsk State University, Russian Federation
- Department of Pediatrics and Psychology, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ginette Dionne
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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45
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Jiang F. Sleep and Early Brain Development. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2020; 75 Suppl 1:44-54. [DOI: 10.1159/000508055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The early years of life are characterized by dramatic developmental changes. Within this important time period lies the transition from newborn to childhood. Sleep is one of the primary activities of the brain during early development and plays an important role in healthy cognitive and psychosocial development in early life. This paper will first review the normal sleep characteristics and their development in neonates and children, including architecture of sleep, development of a healthy sleep rhythm in early childhood, sleep recommendations and cultural disparity, as well as important factors for establishing a healthy sleep pattern during the first years of life, such as regular and consistent bedtime routine, safe and comfortable sleep environment, and appropriate sleep onset associations. This paper then provides recent updates of evidence of the effects of sleep on early brain development, particularly on learning and memory, emotional regulation, and general cognitive development through behavioral and neurophysiological studies. As regards the mechanism, many experimental sleep deprivation studies in animals and adults have attempted to explain the underlying mechanisms of sleep on cognition and the emotional brain. Future studies are expected to delineate the effects of sleep on brain structural and functional networks in the developing brain with the marked development of image acquisition approaches and the novel analysis tools for infants and young children in recent years.
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Bertrand SJ, Zhang Z, Patel R, O'Ferrell C, Punjabi NM, Kudchadkar SR, Kannan S. Transient neonatal sleep fragmentation results in long-term neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in a rabbit model. Exp Neurol 2020; 327:113212. [PMID: 31987835 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sleep fragmentation is an increase in sleep-wake transitions without an overall decrease in total sleep time. Sleep fragmentation is well documented during acute and chronic hospitalization and can result in delirium and memory problems in children. Sleep fragmentation is also often noted in neurodevelopmental disorders. However, it is unclear how sleep fragmentation independent of disease affects brain development and function. We hypothesized that acute sleep fragmentation during the neonatal period in otherwise healthy animals would result in neuroinflammation and would be associated with abnormalities in cognitive development. The orbital shaker method was used to fragment sleep for 72 h in postnatal day 3 New Zealand white rabbit kits (fragmentation group). To control for maternal separation, the sham group was separated from the dam and maintained in the same conditions without undergoing sleep fragmentation. A naïve control group remained with the dam. Kits underwent behavioral testing with novel object recognition and spontaneous alternation T-maze tests at 2-3 weeks post-fragmentation and were sacrificed 3-50 days after fragmentation. Sleep fragmentation resulted in acute and chronic changes in microglial morphology in the hippocampus and cortex, and regional differences in mRNA expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines at 3, 7 and 50 days post-fragmentation. Impaired novel object recognition and a longer latency in T-maze task completion were noted in the fragmented kits. This was in spite of normalization of sleep architecture noted at 2 months of age in these kits. The results indicate that transient neonatal sleep fragmentation results in short-term and long-term immune alterations in the brain, along with diminished performance in cognitive tasks long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Bertrand
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Ruchit Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Caroline O'Ferrell
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Naresh M Punjabi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Sapna R Kudchadkar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America.
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America.
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Many naps, one nap, none: A systematic review and meta-analysis of napping patterns in children 0–12 years. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 50:101247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2019.101247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Duh-Leong C, Jo Messito M, Katzow MW, Tomopoulos S, Nagpal N, Fierman AH, Gross RS. Material Hardships and Infant and Toddler Sleep Duration in Low-Income Hispanic Families. Acad Pediatr 2020; 20:1184-1191. [PMID: 32650047 PMCID: PMC9286002 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess relationships between material hardships, shortened sleep duration, and suboptimal sleep practices across infancy and toddlerhood in low-income Hispanic families. METHODS We analyzed longitudinal data of 451 low-income Hispanic mother-child pairs from a child obesity prevention trial. During infancy and toddlerhood, we used adjusted linear regression to assess associations between material hardship (financial difficulty, food insecurity, housing disrepair, and multiple hardships), sleep duration (24-hour, night), and the number of suboptimal sleep practices (eg, later bedtime, co-sleeping). We used adjusted linear regression to assess the longitudinal association between the number of suboptimal sleep practices in infancy and toddlerhood, and tested whether specific or multiple hardships moderated this association. RESULTS In infants, financial difficulty and multiple hardships were associated with decreased night sleep (B = -0.59 hours, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.04, -0.14; and B = -0.54 hours, 95% CI: -1.00, -0.08). Housing disrepair was associated with decreased 24-hour sleep (B = -0.64 hours, 95% CI: -1.29, -0.01). In toddlers, each additional suboptimal sleep practice was associated with a decrease in night sleep (B = -0.19 hours, 95% CI: -0.29, -0.09). Each additional suboptimal sleep practice in infancy was associated with a 0.30 increase in the number of suboptimal sleep practices in toddlerhood (P < .001), with greater increases for those with food insecurity or multiple hardships. CONCLUSION Specific and multiple hardships shortened sleep duration during infancy, and moderated the increase of suboptimal sleep behaviors between infancy and toddlerhood. Future studies should consider these early critically sensitive periods for interventions to mitigate material hardships and establish healthy sleep practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Duh-Leong
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (C Duh-Leong, MJ Messito, S Tomopoulos, N Nagpal, AH Fierman, and RS Gross).
| | - Mary Jo Messito
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Michelle W. Katzow
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at, Hofstra/Northwell, 269-01 76th Ave, New Hyde Park, NY 11040 USA
| | - Suzy Tomopoulos
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Nikita Nagpal
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Arthur H. Fierman
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Rachel S. Gross
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
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Costa-Font J, Flèche S. Child sleep and mother labour market outcomes. JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS 2020; 69:102258. [PMID: 31838307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2019.102258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We show that sleep deprivation exerts strong negative effects on mothers' labour market performance. To isolate variations in maternal sleep, we exploit unique variations in child sleep disruption using a UK panel dataset that follows mother-child pairs through time. We find that sleeping one hour less per night on average significantly decreases maternal labour force participation, the number of hours worked and household income. We identify one mechanism driving the effects, namely the influence of maternal sleep on selection into full-time versus part-time work. Increased schedule flexibility for mothers with sufficient tenure mitigates the negative effects of sleep deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Costa-Font
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), Houghton Street WC2A 2AE, IZA Bonn and CESIfo, Munich, Germany.
| | - Sarah Flèche
- Department of Economics, Aix-Marseille University - CNRS, EHESS, Centrale Marseille, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, Marseille, France; CEP, London School of Economics, United Kingdom.
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Deliens G, Peigneux P. Sleep-behaviour relationship in children with autism spectrum disorder: methodological pitfalls and insights from cognition and sensory processing. Dev Med Child Neurol 2019; 61:1368-1376. [PMID: 30968406 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are frequent and varied in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Growing evidence suggests that sleep problems in children with ASD are driven by their clinical characteristics and psychiatric comorbidities. Therefore, the wide range of reported sleep disturbances reflects the marked heterogeneity of clinical pictures in ASD. Whether sleep disturbances and their various forms may, in turn, account for at least part of the phenotypical variability of ASD is a crucial question discussed in this review. We first outline studies both validating and challenging a bidirectional theoretical framework for sleep disorders in children with ASD. We then propose to extend this model by including cognition and sensory processing as key factors in the vicious circle linking sleep disorders and autistic symptoms. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: There is a bidirectional interplay between autism symptoms and sleep disturbances. Sleep influence on daytime cognitive and sensory skills should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaétane Deliens
- Autism in Context: Theory and Experiment (ACTE), Center for Research in Linguistics (LaDisco), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Peigneux
- Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group, Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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