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Troha K, Vozel D, Arko M, Bedina Zavec A, Dolinar D, Hočevar M, Jan Z, Kisovec M, Kocjančič B, Pađen L, Pajnič M, Penič S, Romolo A, Repar N, Spasovski V, Steiner N, Šuštar V, Iglič A, Drobne D, Kogej K, Battelino S, Kralj-Iglič V. Autologous Platelet and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma as Therapeutic Fluid: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3420. [PMID: 36834843 PMCID: PMC9959846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The preparation of autologous platelet and extracellular vesicle-rich plasma (PVRP) has been explored in many medical fields with the aim to benefit from its healing potential. In parallel, efforts are being invested to understand the function and dynamics of PVRP that is complex in its composition and interactions. Some clinical evidence reveals beneficial effects of PVRP, while some report that there were no effects. To optimize the preparation methods, functions and mechanisms of PVRP, its constituents should be better understood. With the intention to promote further studies of autologous therapeutic PVRP, we performed a review on some topics regarding PVRP composition, harvesting, assessment and preservation, and also on clinical experience following PVRP application in humans and animals. Besides the acknowledged actions of platelets, leukocytes and different molecules, we focus on extracellular vesicles that were found abundant in PVRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Troha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Vozel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matevž Arko
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Apolonija Bedina Zavec
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, SI-1000 Ljubjana, Slovenia
| | - Drago Dolinar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Zaloška 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- MD-RI Institute for Materials Research in Medicine, Bohoričeva 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Hočevar
- Department of Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Institute of Metals and Technology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zala Jan
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matic Kisovec
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, SI-1000 Ljubjana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Kocjančič
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Zaloška 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ljubiša Pađen
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Manca Pajnič
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Samo Penič
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anna Romolo
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Neža Repar
- University of Ljubljana, Research Group for Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, Biotechnical Faculty, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vesna Spasovski
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nejc Steiner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vid Šuštar
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Iglič
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- University of Ljubljana, Research Group for Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, Biotechnical Faculty, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Kogej
- University of Ljubljana, Chair of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saba Battelino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Abu-Zidan F, Al-Ali M. Auricular avulsion injuries: Literature review and management algorithm. Turk J Emerg Med 2022; 22:59-66. [PMID: 35529026 PMCID: PMC9069917 DOI: 10.4103/2452-2473.342811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic ear avulsion (TEA) may have tremendous psychological consequences if not managed properly. There are no clear guidelines on the surgical management of these injuries, especially in developing countries where microsurgical facilities are lacking. We aimed to review the literature on surgical management of TEA with the main focus on direct re-attachment (DR) so as to develop a surgical management algorithm that can be applied in the absence of microsurgical facilities. We performed an extensive review of the relevant English literature on papers indexed in PubMed describing TEA repaired with DR without restriction to a specific publication time window. A total of 28 cases in 18 publications were reviewed and analyzed. Our results indicate that in the acute setting with no available microvascular expertise, DR of auricular avulsion injuries can be better than other nonmicrosurgical techniques in generating good esthetic results, especially in incomplete auricular avulsion and small segment avulsion. The operative approach depends on the clinical setting. DR of the auricular avulsion injuries is an accepted approach. It produces good cosmetic outcomes while preserving the auricular area for future reconstruction in case of re-attachment failure.
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Prospects of Extracellular Vesicles in Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. JOURNAL OF NANOTHERANOSTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jnt2040013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been recognised in many fields of medicine for several years. More recently, it has become a topic of increasing interest in otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery (ORL-HNS). With this narrative review, we have aspired to determine different aspects of those nanometrically sized theranostic particles, which seem to have promising potential as biomarkers in some of the most common diseases of the ORL-HNS by being available via less invasive diagnostic methods. At the same time, a better understanding of their activity provides us with new possibilities for developing specific target treatments. So far, most research has been oriented towards the role of EVs in the progression of head and neck cancer, notably head and neck squamous cell cancer. Nonetheless, some of this research has focused on chronic diseases of the ears, nose and paranasal sinuses. However, most research is still in the preclinical or experimental phase. It therefore requires a further and more profound understanding of EV content and behaviour to utilise their nanotheranostic capacities to their fullest potential.
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Kim TH, Heo SY, Oh GW, Heo SJ, Jung WK. Applications of Marine Organism-Derived Polydeoxyribonucleotide: Its Potential in Biomedical Engineering. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:296. [PMID: 34067499 PMCID: PMC8224764 DOI: 10.3390/md19060296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polydeoxyribonucleotides (PDRNs) are a family of DNA-derived drugs with a molecular weight ranging from 50 to 1500 kDa, which are mainly extracted from the sperm cells of salmon trout or chum salmon. Many pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties of PDRN, which are mediated by the activation of adenosine A2A receptor and salvage pathways, in addition to promoting osteoblast activity, collagen synthesis, and angiogenesis. In fact, PDRN is already marketed due to its therapeutic properties against various wound healing- and inflammation-related diseases. Therefore, this review assessed the most recent trends in marine organism-derived PDRN using the Google Scholar search engine. Further, we summarized the current applications and pharmacological properties of PDRN to serve as a reference for the development of novel PDRN-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and New-Senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea;
| | - Seong-Yeong Heo
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (S.-Y.H.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Gun-Woo Oh
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (S.-Y.H.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Soo-Jin Heo
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju 63349, Korea
- Department of Marine Biology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Deajeon 34113, Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and New-Senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea;
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (S.-Y.H.); (G.-W.O.)
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Colangelo MT, Galli C, Guizzardi S. The effects of polydeoxyribonucleotide on wound healing and tissue regeneration: a systematic review of the literature. Regen Med 2020; 15:1801-1821. [PMID: 32757710 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study evaluated the effects of polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) on tissue regeneration, paying special attention to the molecular mechanisms that underlie its tissue remodeling actions to better identify its effective therapeutic potential in wound healing. Materials & methods: Strategic searches were conducted through MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from their earliest available dates to March 2020. The studies were included with the following eligibility criteria: studies evaluating tissue regeneration, and being an in vitro, in vivo and clinical study. Results: Out of more than 90 articles, 34 fulfilled the eligibility criteria. All data obtained proved the ability of PDRN in promoting a physiological tissue repair through salvage pathway and adenosine A2A receptor activation. Conclusion: Up to date PDRN has proved promising results in term of wound regeneration, healing time and absence of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria T Colangelo
- Department of Medicine & Surgery, Histology & Embryology Lab, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Galli
- Department of Medicine & Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Guizzardi
- Department of Medicine & Surgery, Histology & Embryology Lab, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Sakelliadis EI, Katsos KD, Dimitriou K, Gakis CE, Vlachodimitropoulos DG, Spiliopoulou CA. Traumatic complete outer ear amputation by human bite, a forensic case report and review of the literature. J Forensic Leg Med 2020; 71:101936. [PMID: 32342906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2020.101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of a complete external ear amputation, caused by a human bite, that took place during a quarrel in a local farmers' market. The male victim was transferred to the Hospital. After surgical reattachment of the auricle, a forensic clinical examination was performed, as per legal obligation. During examination, the victim was found to have sustained: contusions of the orbital regions (lower eyelids), bilaterally, soft tissue oedema of the forehead (to the left of the middle line), and contusion of the right neck area. He also sustained multiple soft tissue injuries (contusions, abrasions) on the torso and on both upper and lower extremities. Clinical forensic examination of human bite injuries requires thorough description of the wound, proper photography and possibly collection of swabs for DNA identification (in case of unknown perpetrator). Nevertheless, the Forensic Pathologist is often required to perform clinical examination, only after medical care has been provided. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the need of proper documentation and act accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil I Sakelliadis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos D Katsos
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dimitriou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Chara A Spiliopoulou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Immediate Reconstruction of Amputated Ear With Fascia Flap. J Craniofac Surg 2019; 31:e10-e13. [PMID: 31403515 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various surgical methods have been used for reconstruction of an amputated ear, including microsurgical replantation and delayed reconstruction using synthetic material or autologous rib cartilage. The authors share our experience of immediate reconstruction using amputated cartilage and discuss the advantages compared to other techniques of reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 3 patients who underwent immediate reconstruction of amputated ear by a single operator. In the cases, the amputees were washed; the skin and cartilage were separated. The ear cartilage was fixed to its original position with non-absorbable suture. Regional fascia flap was elevated and covered the ear cartilage. The amputee skin was redraped to cover the fascia flap. Several months after the operation, photographic assessment was done. RESULTS All 3 cases showed well-defined convolution, tolerable skin color, and patient satisfaction without any major complications. A patient showed mild temporal incision site alopecia. CONCLUSION The above immediate reconstruction method can achieve reliable and favorable result with minimal complications.
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Chung KJ, Kim TG, Lee JH. Aesthetic soft tissue management in facial trauma. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2018. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2018.61.12.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Jin Chung
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Gon Kim
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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