1
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Piersma SJ. Tissue-specific features of innate lymphoid cells in antiviral defense. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:1036-1050. [PMID: 38684766 PMCID: PMC11364677 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphocytes (ILCs) rapidly respond to and protect against invading pathogens and cancer. ILCs include natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells and include type I, type II, and type III immune cells. While NK cells have been well recognized for their role in antiviral immunity, other ILC subtypes are emerging as players in antiviral defense. Each ILC subset has specialized functions that uniquely impact the antiviral immunity and health of the host depending on the tissue microenvironment. This review focuses on the specialized functions of each ILC subtype and their roles in antiviral immune responses across tissues. Several viruses within infection-prone tissues will be highlighted to provide an overview of the extent of the ILC immunity within tissues and emphasize common versus virus-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sytse J Piersma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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2
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Ding Y, Lavaert M, Grassmann S, Band VI, Chi L, Das A, Das S, Harly C, Shissler SC, Malin J, Peng D, Zhao Y, Zhu J, Belkaid Y, Sun JC, Bhandoola A. Distinct developmental pathways generate functionally distinct populations of natural killer cells. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1183-1192. [PMID: 38872000 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells function by eliminating virus-infected or tumor cells. Here we identified an NK-lineage-biased progenitor population, referred to as early NK progenitors (ENKPs), which developed into NK cells independently of common precursors for innate lymphoid cells (ILCPs). ENKP-derived NK cells (ENKP_NK cells) and ILCP-derived NK cells (ILCP_NK cells) were transcriptionally different. We devised combinations of surface markers that identified highly enriched ENKP_NK and ILCP_NK cell populations in wild-type mice. Furthermore, Ly49H+ NK cells that responded to mouse cytomegalovirus infection primarily developed from ENKPs, whereas ILCP_NK cells were better IFNγ producers after infection with Salmonella and herpes simplex virus. Human CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells were transcriptionally similar to ENKP_NK cells and ILCP_NK cells, respectively. Our findings establish the existence of two pathways of NK cell development that generate functionally distinct NK cell subsets in mice and further suggest these pathways may be conserved in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marieke Lavaert
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Simon Grassmann
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Victor I Band
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Liang Chi
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arundhoti Das
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sumit Das
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christelle Harly
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Susannah C Shissler
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justin Malin
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dingkang Peng
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yongge Zhao
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph C Sun
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Avinash Bhandoola
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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3
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Bode K, Wei S, Gruber I, Li J, Kissler S, Yi P. Beta cells deficient for Renalase counteract autoimmunity by shaping natural killer cell activity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403752. [PMID: 38975343 PMCID: PMC11225407 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) arises from autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Recent advancements in the technology of generating pancreatic beta cells from human pluripotent stem cells (SC-beta cells) have facilitated the exploration of cell replacement therapies for treating T1D. However, the persistent threat of autoimmunity poses a significant challenge to the survival of transplanted SC-beta cells. Genetic engineering is a promising approach to enhance immune resistance of beta cells as we previously showed by inactivating the Renalase (Rnls) gene. Here, we demonstrate that Rnls loss of function in beta cells shapes autoimmunity by mediating a regulatory natural killer (NK) cell phenotype important for the induction of tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells. Rnls-deficient beta cells mediate cell-cell contact-independent induction of hallmark anti-inflammatory cytokine Tgfβ1 in NK cells. In addition, surface expression of regulatory NK immune checkpoints CD47 and Ceacam1 is markedly elevated on beta cells deficient for Rnls. Altered glucose metabolism in Rnls mutant beta cells is involved in the upregulation of CD47 surface expression. These findings are crucial to better understand how genetically engineered beta cells shape autoimmunity, giving valuable insights for future therapeutic advancements to treat and cure T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bode
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Siying Wei
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Isabella Gruber
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jian Li
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephan Kissler
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Peng Yi
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
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4
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Sudan R, Gilfillan S, Colonna M. Group 1 ILCs: Heterogeneity, plasticity, and transcriptional regulation. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:107-117. [PMID: 38563448 PMCID: PMC11102297 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), comprising ILC1s and natural killer cells (NK cells), belong to a large family of developmentally related innate lymphoid cells that lack rearranged antigen-specific receptors. NK cells and ILC1s both require the transcription factor T-bet for lineage commitment but additionally rely on Eomes and Hobit, respectively, for their development and effector maturation programs. Both ILC1s and NK cells are essential for rapid responses against infections and mediate cancer immunity through production of effector cytokines and cytotoxicity mediators. ILC1s are enriched in tissues and hence generally considered tissue resident cells whereas NK cells are often considered circulatory. Despite being deemed different cell types, ILC1s and NK cells share many common features both phenotypically and functionally. Recent studies employing single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology have exposed previously unappreciated heterogeneity in group 1 ILCs and further broaden our understanding of these cells. Findings from these studies imply that ILC1s in different tissues and organs share a common signature but exhibit some unique characteristics, possibly stemming from tissue imprinting. Also, data from recent fate mapping studies employing Hobit, RORγt, and polychromic reporter mice have greatly advanced our understanding of the developmental and effector maturation programs of these cells. In this review, we aim to outline the fundamental traits of mouse group 1 ILCs and explore recent discoveries related to their developmental programs, phenotypic heterogeneity, plasticity, and transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raki Sudan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susan Gilfillan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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Frey HC, Sun X, Oudeif F, Corona DL, He Z, Won T, Schultz TL, Carruthers VB, Laouar A, Laouar Y. A Membrane Lipid Signature Unravels the Dynamic Landscape of Group 1 ILCs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.17.589821. [PMID: 38659946 PMCID: PMC11042254 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.589821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In an era where the established lines between cell identities are blurred by intra-lineage plasticity, distinguishing between stable and transitional states becomes imperative. This challenge is particularly pronounced within the Group 1 ILC lineage, where the similarity and plasticity between NK cells and ILC1s obscure their classification and the assignment of their unique contributions to immune regulation. This study exploits the unique property of Asialo-GM1 (AsGM1)-a membrane lipid associated with cytotoxic attributes absent in ILC1s-as a definitive criterion to distinguish between these cells. By prioritizing cytotoxic potential as the cardinal differentiator, our strategic use of the AsGM1 signature achieved precise delineation of NK cells and ILC1s across tissues, validated by RNA-seq analysis. This capability extends beyond steady-state classifications, adeptly capturing the binary classification of NK cells and ILC1s during acute liver injury. By leveraging two established models of NK-to-ILC1 plasticity driven by TGFβ and Toxoplasma gondii , we demonstrate the stability of the AsGM1 signature, which sharply contrasts with the loss of Eomes. This signature identified a spectrum of known and novel NK cell derivatives-ILC1-like entities that bridge traditional binary classifications in aging and infection. The early detection of the AsGM1 signature at the immature NK (iNK) stage, preceding Eomes, and its stability, unaffected by transcriptional reprogramming that typically alters Eomes, position AsGM1 as a unique, site-agnostic marker for fate mapping NK-to-ILC1 plasticity. This provides a powerful tool to explore the expanding heterogeneity within the Group 1 ILC landscape, effectively transcending the ambiguity inherent to the NK-to-ILC1 continuum.
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6
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Bode K, Wei S, Gruber I, Kissler S, Yi P. Beta Cells Deficient for Renalase Counteract Autoimmunity by Shaping Natural Killer Cell Activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.29.582816. [PMID: 38496417 PMCID: PMC10942322 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.29.582816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) arises from autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Recent advancements in the technology of generating pancreatic beta cells from human pluripotent stem cells (SC-beta cells) have facilitated the exploration of cell replacement therapies for treating T1D. However, the persistent threat of autoimmunity poses a significant challenge to the survival of transplanted SC-beta cells. Genetic engineering is a promising approach to enhance immune resistance of beta cells as we previously showed by inactivating of the Renalase (Rnls) gene. Here we demonstrate that Rnls loss-of-function in beta cells shape autoimmunity by mediating a regulatory Natural Killer (NK) cell phenotype important for the induction of tolerogenic antigen presenting cells. Rnls-deficient beta cells mediate cell-cell-contact-independent induction of hallmark anti-inflammatory cytokine Tgfβ1 in NK cells. In addition, surface expression of key regulatory NK immune checkpoints CD47 and Ceacam1 are markedly elevated on beta cells deficient for Rnls. Enhanced glucose metabolism in Rnls mutant beta cells is responsible for upregulation of CD47 surface expression. These findings are crucial to a better understand how genetically engineered beta cells shape autoimmunity giving valuable insights for future therapeutic advancements to treat and cure T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bode
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115
| | - Siying Wei
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115
| | - Isabella Gruber
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Stephan Kissler
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge MA 02138
| | - Peng Yi
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge MA 02138
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7
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Stosik M, Tokarz-Deptuła B, Deptuła W. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in teleosts against data on ILCs in humans. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109415. [PMID: 38296004 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
It is assumed that cells corresponding to innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in humans, in addition to lymphoid tissue inducer cells (LTi), are also found in teleosts. In this systematic group of organisms, however, they are a poorly understood cell population. In contrast to the data on ILCs in humans, which also remain incomplete despite advanced research, in teleosts, these cells require much more attention. ILCs in teleosts have been presented as cells that may be evolutionary precursors of NK cells or ILCs identified in mammals, including humans. It is a highly heterogeneous group of cells in both humans and fish and their properties, as revealed by studies in humans, are most likely to remain strictly dependent on the location of these cells and the physiological state of the individual from which they originate. They form a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. The premise of this paper is to review the current knowledge of ILCs in teleosts, taking into account data on similar cells in humans. A review of the knowledge concerning these particular cells, elements of innate immunity mechanisms as equivalent to, or perhaps dominant over, adaptive immunity mechanisms in teleosts, as presented, may inspire the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Stosik
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Poland
| | | | - Wiesław Deptuła
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland
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Fol M, Karpik W, Zablotni A, Kulesza J, Kulesza E, Godkowicz M, Druszczynska M. Innate Lymphoid Cells and Their Role in the Immune Response to Infections. Cells 2024; 13:335. [PMID: 38391948 PMCID: PMC10886880 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, a group of lymphocyte-like cells called innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) has gained considerable attention due to their crucial role in regulating immunity and tissue homeostasis. ILCs, lacking antigen-specific receptors, are a group of functionally differentiated effector cells that act as tissue-resident sentinels against infections. Numerous studies have elucidated the characteristics of ILC subgroups, but the mechanisms controlling protective or pathological responses to pathogens still need to be better understood. This review summarizes the functions of ILCs in the immunology of infections caused by different intracellular and extracellular pathogens and discusses their possible therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Fol
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.F.); (W.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Wojciech Karpik
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.F.); (W.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Zablotni
- Department of Bacterial Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jakub Kulesza
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 91-347 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Kulesza
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Godkowicz
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.F.); (W.K.); (M.G.)
- Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Druszczynska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.F.); (W.K.); (M.G.)
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Lotfalizadeh N, Sadr S, Morovati S, Lotfalizadeh M, Hajjafari A, Borji H. A potential cure for tumor-associated immunosuppression by Toxoplasma gondii. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1963. [PMID: 38109851 PMCID: PMC10850000 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, immunotherapy has become very hopeful for cancer therapy. Cancer treatment through immunotherapy has excellent specificity and less toxicity than conventional chemoradiotherapy. Pathogens have been used in cancer immunotherapy for a long time. The current study aims to evaluate the possibility of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) as a probable treatment for cancers such as melanoma, breast, ovarian, lung, and pancreatic cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Nonreplicating type I uracil auxotrophic mutants of T. gondii can stimulate immune responses against tumors by reverse immunosuppression at the cellular level. T. gondii can be utilized to research T helper 1 (Th1) cell immunity in intracellular infections. Avirulent T. gondii uracil auxotroph vaccine can change the tumor's immunosuppression and improve the production of type 1 helper cell cytokines, i.e., Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and activate tumor-related Cluster of Differentiation 8 (CD8+) T cells to identify and destroy cancer cells. The T. gondii profilin protein, along with T. gondii secreted proteins, have been found to exhibit promising properties in the treatment of various cancers. These proteins are being studied for their potential to inhibit tumor growth and enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapies. Their unique mechanisms of action make them valuable candidates for targeted interventions in ovarian cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, and lung cancer treatments. CONCLUSION In summary, the study underscores the significant potential of harnessing T. gondii, including its diverse array of proteins and antigens, particularly in its avirulent form, as a groundbreaking approach in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Lotfalizadeh
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Soheil Sadr
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Solmaz Morovati
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran
| | - Mohammadhassan Lotfalizadeh
- Board Certificate Oral and Maxillofacial RadiologistNorth Khorasan University of Medical Sciences (NKUMS)BojnurdIran
| | - Ashkan Hajjafari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineIslamic Azad University, Science and Research BranchTehranIran
| | - Hassan Borji
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
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Tougaard P, Pérez MR, Steels W, Huysentruyt J, Verstraeten B, Vetters J, Divert T, Gonçalves A, Roelandt R, Takahashi N, Janssens S, Buus TB, Taghon T, Leclercq G, Vandenabeele P. Type 1 immunity enables neonatal thymic ILC1 production. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadh5520. [PMID: 38232171 PMCID: PMC10793954 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh5520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Acute thymic atrophy occurs following type 1 inflammatory conditions such as viral infection and sepsis, resulting in cell death and disruption of T cell development. However, the impact type 1 immunity has on thymic-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) remains unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed neonatal thymic-resident type 1 ILCs (ILC1s) as a unique and immature subset compared to ILC1s in other primary lymphoid organs. Culturing murine neonatal thymic lobes with the type 1 cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 resulted in a rapid expansion and thymic egress of KLRG1+CXCR6+ cytotoxic ILC1s. Live imaging showed the subcapsular thymic localization and exit of ILC1s following IL-12 + IL-18 stimulation. Similarly, murine cytomegalovirus infection in neonates resulted in thymic atrophy and subcapsular localization of thymic-resident ILC1s. Neonatal thymic grafting revealed that type 1 inflammation enhances the homing of cytokine-producing thymus-derived ILC1s to the liver and peritoneal cavity. Together, we show that type 1 immunity promotes the expansion and peripheral homing of thymic-derived ILC1s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tougaard
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mario R. Pérez
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wolf Steels
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jelle Huysentruyt
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Verstraeten
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jessica Vetters
- Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tatyana Divert
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amanda Gonçalves
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Ria Roelandt
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nozomi Takahashi
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sophie Janssens
- Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Terkild B. Buus
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom Taghon
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Georges Leclercq
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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11
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Piersma SJ, Bangru S, Yoon J, Liu TW, Yang L, Hsieh CS, Plougastel-Douglas B, Kalsotra A, Yokoyama WM. NK cell expansion requires HuR and mediates control of solid tumors and long-term virus infection. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20231154. [PMID: 37698554 PMCID: PMC10497399 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes capable of controlling tumors and virus infections through direct lysis and cytokine production. While both T and NK cells expand and accumulate in affected tissues, the role of NK cell expansion in tumor and viral control is not well understood. Here, we show that posttranscriptional regulation by the RNA-binding protein HuR is essential for NK cell expansion without negatively affecting effector functions. HuR-deficient NK cells displayed defects in the metaphase of the cell cycle, including decreased expression and alternative splicing of Ska2, a component of the spindle and kinetochore complex. HuR-dependent NK cell expansion contributed to long-term cytomegalovirus control and facilitated control of subcutaneous tumors but not tumor metastases in two independent tumor models. These results show that posttranscriptional regulation by HuR specifically affects NK cell expansion, which is required for the control of long-term virus infection and solid tumors, but not acute infection or tumor metastases, highlighting fundamental differences with antigen-specific T cell control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sytse J. Piersma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sushant Bangru
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Jeesang Yoon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tom W. Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Liping Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chyi-Song Hsieh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Beatrice Plougastel-Douglas
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Auinash Kalsotra
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Wayne M. Yokoyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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12
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Hegewisch-Solloa E, Nalin AP, Freud AG, Mace EM. Deciphering the localization and trajectory of human natural killer cell development. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:487-506. [PMID: 36869821 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells represent the first line of cellular immunity, comprised of both circulating and tissue-resident natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells. These innate lymphocytes arise from a common CD34+ progenitor that differentiates into mature natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells. The successive stages in natural killer cell maturation are characterized by increased lineage restriction and changes to phenotype and function. Mechanisms of human natural killer cell development have not been fully elucidated, especially the role of signals that drive the spatial localization and maturation of natural killer cells. Cytokines, extracellular matrix components, and chemokines provide maturation signals and influence the trafficking of natural killer cell progenitors to peripheral sites of differentiation. Here we present the latest advances in our understanding of natural killer and innate lymphoid cell development in peripheral sites, including secondary lymphoid tissues (i.e. tonsil). Recent work in the field has provided a model for the spatial distribution of natural killer cell and innate lymphoid cell developmental intermediates in tissue and generated further insights into the developmental niche. In support of this model, future studies using multifaceted approaches seek to fully map the developmental trajectory of human natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells in secondary lymphoid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everardo Hegewisch-Solloa
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th St. New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ansel P Nalin
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Medical Scientist Training Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 W 10th Ave. Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Aharon G Freud
- Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave. Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Emily M Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th St. New York, NY 10032, USA
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13
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Rožmanić C, Lisnić B, Pribanić Matešić M, Mihalić A, Hiršl L, Park E, Lesac Brizić A, Indenbirken D, Viduka I, Šantić M, Adler B, Yokoyama WM, Krmpotić A, Juranić Lisnić V, Jonjić S, Brizić I. Perinatal murine cytomegalovirus infection reshapes the transcriptional profile and functionality of NK cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6412. [PMID: 37828009 PMCID: PMC10570381 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections in early life can elicit substantially different immune responses and pathogenesis than infections in adulthood. Here, we investigate the consequences of murine cytomegalovirus infection in newborn mice on NK cells. We show that infection severely compromised NK cell maturation and functionality in newborns. This effect was not due to compromised virus control. Inflammatory responses to infection dysregulated the expression of major transcription factors governing NK cell fate, such as Eomes, resulting in impaired NK cell function. Most prominently, NK cells from perinatally infected mice have a diminished ability to produce IFN-γ due to the downregulation of long non-coding RNA Ifng-as1 expression. Moreover, the bone marrow's capacity to efficiently generate new NK cells is reduced, explaining the prolonged negative effects of perinatal infection on NK cells. This study demonstrates that viral infections in early life can profoundly impact NK cell biology, including long-lasting impairment in NK cell functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rožmanić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Berislav Lisnić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Andrea Mihalić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Lea Hiršl
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Eugene Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ana Lesac Brizić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Daniela Indenbirken
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ina Viduka
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marina Šantić
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Barbara Adler
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute & Gene Center, Virology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wayne M Yokoyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Astrid Krmpotić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vanda Juranić Lisnić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Stipan Jonjić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Ilija Brizić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
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14
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Scarno G, Mazej J, Laffranchi M, Di Censo C, Mattiola I, Candelotti AM, Pietropaolo G, Stabile H, Fionda C, Peruzzi G, Brooks SR, Tsai WL, Mikami Y, Bernardini G, Gismondi A, Sozzani S, Di Santo JP, Vosshenrich CAJ, Diefenbach A, Gadina M, Santoni A, Sciumè G. Divergent roles for STAT4 in shaping differentiation of cytotoxic ILC1 and NK cells during gut inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306761120. [PMID: 37756335 PMCID: PMC10556635 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306761120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells and type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) require signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) to elicit rapid effector responses and protect against pathogens. By combining genetic and transcriptomic approaches, we uncovered divergent roles for STAT4 in regulating effector differentiation of these functionally related cell types. Stat4 deletion in Ncr1-expressing cells led to impaired NK cell terminal differentiation as well as to an unexpected increased generation of cytotoxic ILC1 during intestinal inflammation. Mechanistically, Stat4-deficient ILC1 exhibited upregulation of gene modules regulated by STAT5 in vivo and an aberrant effector differentiation upon in vitro stimulation with IL-2, used as a prototypical STAT5 activator. Moreover, STAT4 expression in NCR+ innate lymphocytes restrained gut inflammation in the dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model limiting pathogenic production of IL-13 from adaptive CD4+ T cells in the large intestine. Collectively, our data shed light on shared and distinctive mechanisms of STAT4-regulated transcriptional control in NK cells and ILC1 required for intestinal inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Scarno
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Julija Mazej
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Mattia Laffranchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Censo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Irene Mattiola
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt–Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin12203, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin10117, Germany
| | - Arianna M. Candelotti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pietropaolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Helena Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Stephen R. Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Wanxia Li Tsai
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Yohei Mikami
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo1608582, Japan
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Angela Gismondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, Isernia86077, Italy
| | - James P. Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris75724, France
| | | | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt–Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin12203, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin10117, Germany
| | - Massimo Gadina
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, Isernia86077, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
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15
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Hu L, Han M, Deng Y, Gong J, Hou Z, Zeng Y, Zhang Y, He J, Zhong C. Genetic distinction between functional tissue-resident and conventional natural killer cells. iScience 2023; 26:107187. [PMID: 37404378 PMCID: PMC10316664 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-residential natural killer (trNK) cells act as pioneering responders during infectious challenges. However, their discrimination with conventional NK (cNK) cells is still an issue. Through an integrative transcriptome comparison of the two NK subgroups from different tissues, we have defined two genesets capable of efficiently distinguishing them. Based on the two genesets, a fundamental difference between the activation of trNK and cNK is identified and further confirmed. Mechanistically, we have discovered a particular role of chromatin landscape in regulating the trNK activation. In addition, IL-21R and IL-18R are respectively highly expressed by trNK and cNK, indicating a role of cytokine milieu in determining their differential activation. Indeed, IL-21 is particularly critical in accessorily promoting trNK activation using a bunch of bifunctional transcription factors. Together, this study sheds light on the bona fide difference between trNK and cNK, which will further expand our knowledge about their distinct functionalities during immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luni Hu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mengwei Han
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yichen Deng
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiyuan Hou
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanyu Zeng
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yime Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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16
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Guo Y, Liu Y, Rui B, Lei Z, Ning X, Liu Y, Li M. Crosstalk between the gut microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in intestinal mucosal immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1171680. [PMID: 37304260 PMCID: PMC10249960 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal mucosa is colonized by thousands of microorganisms, which participate in a variety of physiological functions. Intestinal dysbiosis is closely associated with the pathogenesis of several human diseases. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which include NK cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s and LTi cells, are a type of innate immune cells. They are enriched in the mucosal tissues of the body, and have recently received extensive attention. The gut microbiota and its metabolites play important roles in various intestinal mucosal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), allergic disease, and cancer. Therefore, studies on ILCs and their interaction with the gut microbiota have great clinical significance owing to their potential for identifying pharmacotherapy targets for multiple related diseases. This review expounds on the progress in research on ILCs differentiation and development, the biological functions of the intestinal microbiota, and its interaction with ILCs in disease conditions in order to provide novel ideas for disease treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming Li
- *Correspondence: Yinhui Liu, ; Ming Li,
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17
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Roe K. Treatment alternatives for multidrug-resistant fungal pathogens. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103596. [PMID: 37086779 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Several fungal pathogens are becoming resistant to conventional fungal infection treatments, and some fungal pathogens have become multidrug resistant. Alternative treatments include fungal vaccines, natural or synthetic monoclonal antibody (mAb) injections, or potentially natural or synthetic mAbs produced in vivo by packaged mRNA. Specifically synthesized proteins can mask distinctive pathogenic fungal surface proteins and target pathogenic fungal proteins to stop fungal infections. Treatments could use direct injections or injections of packaged mRNA with instructions for patient synthesis of either the natural or synthetic mAbs. These alternative treatments offer potentially significant advantages compared with existing treatments for fungal pathogens. Teaser: New fungal pathogen treatment approaches can use natural or synthetic monoclonal antibodies to activate immune cells and treat specific fungal infections that are now multidrug resistant to conventional antifungal drugs.
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18
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Laufer Britva R, Keren A, Bertolini M, Ullmann Y, Paus R, Gilhar A. Involvement of ILC1-like innate lymphocytes in human autoimmunity, lessons from alopecia areata. eLife 2023; 12:80768. [PMID: 36930216 PMCID: PMC10023162 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we have explored the involvement of innate lymphoid cells-type 1 (ILC1) in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA), because we found them to be significantly increased around lesional and non-lesional HFs of AA patients. To further explore these unexpected findings, we first co-cultured autologous circulating ILC1-like cells (ILC1lc) with healthy, but stressed, organ-cultured human scalp hair follicles (HFs). ILClc induced all hallmarks of AA ex vivo: they significantly promoted premature, apoptosis-driven HF regression (catagen), HF cytotoxicity/dystrophy, and most important for AA pathogenesis, the collapse of the HFs physiological immune privilege. NKG2D-blocking or IFNγ-neutralizing antibodies antagonized this. In vivo, intradermal injection of autologous activated, NKG2D+/IFNγ-secreting ILC1lc into healthy human scalp skin xenotransplanted onto SCID/beige mice sufficed to rapidly induce characteristic AA lesions. This provides the first evidence that ILC1lc, which are positive for the ILC1 phenotype and negative for the classical NK markers, suffice to induce AA in previously healthy human HFs ex vivo and in vivo, and further questions the conventional wisdom that AA is always an autoantigen-dependent, CD8 +T cell-driven autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimma Laufer Britva
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
- Department of Dermatology, Rambam Health Care CampusHaifaIsrael
| | - Aviad Keren
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | | | - Yehuda Ullmann
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Rambam Medical CenterHaifaIsrael
| | - Ralf Paus
- Monasterium LaboratoryMünsterGermany
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of MiamiMiamiUnited States
- CUTANEONHamburgGermany
| | - Amos Gilhar
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
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19
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Schuster IS, Sng XYX, Lau CM, Powell DR, Weizman OE, Fleming P, Neate GEG, Voigt V, Sheppard S, Maraskovsky AI, Daly S, Koyama M, Hill GR, Turner SJ, O'Sullivan TE, Sun JC, Andoniou CE, Degli-Esposti MA. Infection induces tissue-resident memory NK cells that safeguard tissue health. Immunity 2023; 56:531-546.e6. [PMID: 36773607 PMCID: PMC10360410 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Tissue health is dictated by the capacity to respond to perturbations and then return to homeostasis. Mechanisms that initiate, maintain, and regulate immune responses in tissues are therefore essential. Adaptive immunity plays a key role in these responses, with memory and tissue residency being cardinal features. A corresponding role for innate cells is unknown. Here, we have identified a population of innate lymphocytes that we term tissue-resident memory-like natural killer (NKRM) cells. In response to murine cytomegalovirus infection, we show that circulating NK cells were recruited in a CX3CR1-dependent manner to the salivary glands where they formed NKRM cells, a long-lived, tissue-resident population that prevented autoimmunity via TRAIL-dependent elimination of CD4+ T cells. Thus, NK cells develop adaptive-like features, including long-term residency in non-lymphoid tissues, to modulate inflammation, restore immune equilibrium, and preserve tissue health. Modulating the functions of NKRM cells may provide additional strategies to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iona S Schuster
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Xavier Y X Sng
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Colleen M Lau
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David R Powell
- Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Orr-El Weizman
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Fleming
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Georgia E G Neate
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Valentina Voigt
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sam Sheppard
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andreas I Maraskovsky
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sheridan Daly
- Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Motoko Koyama
- Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen J Turner
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy E O'Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph C Sun
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher E Andoniou
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Mariapia A Degli-Esposti
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
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20
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Korchagina AA, Shein SA, Koroleva E, Tumanov AV. Transcriptional control of ILC identity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1146077. [PMID: 36969171 PMCID: PMC10033543 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1146077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are heterogeneous innate immune cells which participate in host defense, mucosal repair and immunopathology by producing effector cytokines similarly to their adaptive immune cell counterparts. The development of ILC1, 2, and 3 subsets is controlled by core transcription factors: T-bet, GATA3, and RORγt, respectively. ILCs can undergo plasticity and transdifferentiate to other ILC subsets in response to invading pathogens and changes in local tissue environment. Accumulating evidence suggests that the plasticity and the maintenance of ILC identity is controlled by a balance between these and additional transcription factors such as STATs, Batf, Ikaros, Runx3, c-Maf, Bcl11b, and Zbtb46, activated in response to lineage-guiding cytokines. However, how interplay between these transcription factors leads to ILC plasticity and the maintenance of ILC identity remains hypothetical. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding transcriptional regulation of ILCs in homeostatic and inflammatory conditions.
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Lopes N, Vivier E, Narni-Mancinelli E. Natural killer cells and type 1 innate lymphoid cells in cancer. Semin Immunol 2023; 66:101709. [PMID: 36621291 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a group of innate lymphocytes that do not express RAG-dependent rearranged antigen-specific cell surface receptors. ILCs are classified into five groups according to their developmental trajectory and cytokine production profile. They encompass NK cells, which are cytotoxic, helper-like ILCs 1-3, which functionally mirror CD4+ T helper (Th) type 1, Th2 and Th17 cells respectively, and lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells. NK cell development depends on Eomes (eomesodermin), whereas the ILC1 program is regulated principally by the transcription factor T-bet (T-box transcription factor Tbx21), that of ILC2 is regulated by GATA3 (GATA-binding protein 3) and that of ILC3 is regulated by RORγt (RAR-related orphan receptor γ). NK cells were discovered close to fifty years ago, but ILC1s were first described only about fifteen years ago. Within the ILC family, NK and ILC1s share many similarities, as witnessed by their cell surface phenotype which largely overlap. NK cells and ILC1s have been reported to respond to tissue inflammation and intracellular pathogens. Several studies have reported an antitumorigenic role for NK cells in both humans and mice, but data for ILC1s are both scarce and contradictory. In this review, we will first describe the different NK cell and ILC1 subsets, their effector functions and development. We will then discuss their role in cancer and the effects of the tumor microenvironment on their metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noella Lopes
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Vivier
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France; Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille-Immunopôle, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Narni-Mancinelli
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France.
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22
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Korchagina AA, Koroleva E, Tumanov AV. Innate Lymphoid Cell Plasticity in Mucosal Infections. Microorganisms 2023; 11:461. [PMID: 36838426 PMCID: PMC9967737 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal tissue homeostasis is a dynamic process that involves multiple mechanisms including regulation of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). ILCs are mostly tissue-resident cells which are critical for tissue homeostasis and immune response against pathogens. ILCs can sense environmental changes and rapidly respond by producing effector cytokines to limit pathogen spread and initiate tissue recovery. However, dysregulation of ILCs can also lead to immunopathology. Accumulating evidence suggests that ILCs are dynamic population that can change their phenotype and functions under rapidly changing tissue microenvironment. However, the significance of ILC plasticity in response to pathogens remains poorly understood. Therefore, in this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanisms regulating ILC plasticity in response to intestinal, respiratory and genital tract pathogens. Key transcription factors and lineage-guiding cytokines regulate this plasticity. Additionally, we discuss the emerging data on the role of tissue microenvironment, gut microbiota, and hypoxia in ILC plasticity in response to mucosal pathogens. The identification of new pathways and molecular mechanisms that control functions and plasticity of ILCs could uncover more specific and effective therapeutic targets for infectious and autoimmune diseases where ILCs become dysregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexei V. Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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23
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Krämer B, Nalin AP, Ma F, Eickhoff S, Lutz P, Leonardelli S, Goeser F, Finnemann C, Hack G, Raabe J, ToVinh M, Ahmad S, Hoffmeister C, Kaiser KM, Manekeller S, Branchi V, Bald T, Hölzel M, Hüneburg R, Nischalke HD, Semaan A, Langhans B, Kaczmarek DJ, Benner B, Lordo MR, Kowalski J, Gerhardt A, Timm J, Toma M, Mohr R, Türler A, Charpentier A, van Bremen T, Feldmann G, Sattler A, Kotsch K, Abdallah AT, Strassburg CP, Spengler U, Carson WE, Mundy-Bosse BL, Pellegrini M, O'Sullivan TE, Freud AG, Nattermann J. Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies a population of human liver-type ILC1s. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111937. [PMID: 36640314 PMCID: PMC9950534 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) comprise a heterogeneous family of cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells and ILC1s. We identify a population of "liver-type" ILC1s with transcriptional, phenotypic, and functional features distinct from those of conventional and liver-resident NK cells as well as from other previously described human ILC1 subsets. LT-ILC1s are CD49a+CD94+CD200R1+, express the transcription factor T-BET, and do not express the activating receptor NKp80 or the transcription factor EOMES. Similar to NK cells, liver-type ILC1s produce IFN-γ, TNF-α, and GM-CSF; however, liver-type ILC1s also produce IL-2 and lack perforin and granzyme-B. Liver-type ILC1s are expanded in cirrhotic liver tissues, and they can be produced from blood-derived ILC precursors in vitro in the presence of TGF-β1 and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Cells with similar signature and function can also be found in tonsil and intestinal tissues. Collectively, our study identifies and classifies a population of human cross-tissue ILC1s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Krämer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ansel P Nalin
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sarah Eickhoff
- Institute of Experimental Oncology (IEO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Lutz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sonia Leonardelli
- Institute of Experimental Oncology (IEO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Goeser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudia Finnemann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gudrun Hack
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Raabe
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael ToVinh
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Ahmad
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Hoffmeister
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kim M Kaiser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Tobias Bald
- Institute of Experimental Oncology (IEO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental Oncology (IEO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert Hüneburg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Bettina Langhans
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Brooke Benner
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Matthew R Lordo
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Adam Gerhardt
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Jörg Timm
- Institute of Virology, University of Duesseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marieta Toma
- Department of Pathology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Raphael Mohr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Türler
- General and Visceral Surgery, Johanniter Hospital, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arthur Charpentier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias van Bremen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Feldmann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Sattler
- Clinic for Surgery, Transplant Immunology Lab, Charité University Hospital Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Kotsch
- Clinic for Surgery, Transplant Immunology Lab, Charité University Hospital Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ali T Abdallah
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Spengler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - William E Carson
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bethany L Mundy-Bosse
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Timothy E O'Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA
| | - Aharon G Freud
- Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Jacob Nattermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 53127 Bonn, Germany
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Deng Y, Shi S, Luo J, Zhang Y, Dong H, Wang X, Zhou J, Wei Z, Li J, Xu C, Xu S, Sun Y, Ni B, Wu Y, Yang D, Han C, Tian Y. Regulation of mRNA stability contributes to the function of innate lymphoid cells in various diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1118483. [PMID: 36776864 PMCID: PMC9909350 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1118483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are important subsets of innate immune cells that regulate mucosal immunity. ILCs include natural killer cells, innate lymphoid cells-1 (ILC1s), ILC2s, and ILC3s, which have extremely important roles in the immune system. In this review, we summarize the regulation of mRNA stability mediated through various factors in ILCs (e.g., cytokines, RNA-binding proteins, non-coding RNAs) and their roles in mediating functions in different ILC subsets. In addition, we discuss potential therapeutic targets for diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis by regulation of mRNA stability in ILCs, which may provide novel directions for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyu Deng
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Saiyu Shi
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Di Yang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Yi Tian, ; Di Yang, ; Chao Han,
| | - Chao Han
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Yi Tian, ; Di Yang, ; Chao Han,
| | - Yi Tian
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Yi Tian, ; Di Yang, ; Chao Han,
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25
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ILCs-Crucial Players in Enteric Infectious Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214200. [PMID: 36430676 PMCID: PMC9695539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Research of the last decade has remarkably increased our understanding of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). ILCs, in analogy to T helper (Th) cells and their cytokine and transcription factor profile, are categorized into three distinct populations: ILC1s express the transcription factor T-bet and secrete IFNγ, ILC2s depend on the expression of GATA-3 and release IL-5 and IL-13, and ILC3s express RORγt and secrete IL-17 and IL-22. Noteworthy, ILCs maintain a level of plasticity, depending on exposed cytokines and environmental stimuli. Furthermore, ILCs are tissue resident cells primarily localized at common entry points for pathogens such as the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). They have the unique capacity to initiate rapid responses against pathogens, provoked by changes of the cytokine profile of the respective tissue. Moreover, they regulate tissue inflammation and homeostasis. In case of intracellular pathogens entering the mucosal tissue, ILC1s respond by secreting cytokines (e.g., IFNγ) to limit the pathogen spread. Upon infection with helminths, intestinal epithelial cells produce alarmins (e.g., IL-25) and activate ILC2s to secrete IL-13, which induces differentiation of intestinal stem cells into tuft and goblet cells, important for parasite expulsion. Additionally, during bacterial infection ILC3-derived IL-22 is required for bacterial clearance by regulating antimicrobial gene expression in epithelial cells. Thus, ILCs can limit infectious diseases via secretion of inflammatory mediators and interaction with other cell types. In this review, we will address the role of ILCs during enteric infectious diseases.
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Gao N, Wang C, Yu Y, Xie L, Xing Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Cai Y. LFA-1/ ICAM-1 promotes NK cell cytotoxicity associated with the pathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis in murine model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010848. [PMID: 36206304 PMCID: PMC9581422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is one of the most common causes of posterior uveitis. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of OT have not been well elucidated. Here, we used C57BL/6 (B6) mice to establish OT by peroral infection with 20 cysts of the TgCtWh6 strain, and severe ocular damage was observed by histopathological analysis in the eyes of infected mice. RNA-sequencing results showed that infection with T. gondii increased the expression of the NK-mediated cytotoxicity gene pathway at Day 30 after ocular T. gondii infection. Both NK-cell and CD49a+ NK-cell subsets are increased in ocular tissues, and the expression levels of LFA-1 in NK cells and ICAM-1 in the OT murine model were upregulated upon infection. Furthermore, inhibition of the interaction between LFA-1 and ICAM-1 with lifitegrast, a novel small molecule integrin antagonist, inhibited the protein expression of LFA-1 and ICAM-1 in murine OT and NK cells, improved the pathology of murine OT and influenced the secretion of cytokines in the OT murine model. In conclusion, the interaction between LFA-1 and ICAM-1 plays a role in the early regulation of the CD49a+ NK-cell proportion in an OT murine model. LFA-1/ ICAM-1 may be a key molecule in the pathogenesis of OT, and may provide new insights for potential immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Gao
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, the Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Anhui, and the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, the Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Anhui, and the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yiran Yu
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, the Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Anhui, and the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Linding Xie
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, the Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Anhui, and the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yien Xing
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, the Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Anhui, and the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, the Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Anhui, and the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, the Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Anhui, and the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
- * E-mail: (J W); (Y C)
| | - Yihong Cai
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, the Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Anhui, and the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- * E-mail: (J W); (Y C)
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27
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Chen J, Liao W, Peng H. Toxoplasma gondii infection possibly reverses host immunosuppression to restrain tumor growth. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:959300. [PMID: 36118042 PMCID: PMC9470863 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.959300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells can successfully escape the host immune attack by inducing the production of immunosuppressive cells and molecules, leading to an ineffective tumor treatment and poor prognosis. Although immunotherapies have improved the survival rate of cancer patients in recent years, more effective drugs and therapies still need to be developed. As an intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii can trigger a strong Th1 immune response in host cells, including upregulating the expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Non-replicating uracil auxotrophic strains of T. gondii were used to safely reverse the immunosuppression manipulated by the tumor microenvironment. In addition to the whole lysate antigens, T. gondii-secreted effectors, including Toxoplasma profilin, rhoptry proteins (ROPs), and dense granule antigens (GRAs), are involved in arousing the host’s antigen presentation system to suppress tumors. When T. gondii infection relieves immunosuppression, tumor-related myeloid cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), are transformed into immunostimulatory phenotypes, showing a powerful Th1 immune response mediated by CD8+ T cells. Afterwards, they target and kill the tumor cells, and ultimately reduce the size and weight of tumor tissues. This article reviews the latest applications of T. gondii in tumor therapy, including the activation of cellular immunity and the related signal pathways, which will help us understand why T. gondii infection can restrain tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiating Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhong Liao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - HongJuan Peng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Snyder LM, Belmares-Ortega J, Doherty CM, Denkers EY. Impact of MyD88, Microbiota, and Location on Type 1 and Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells during Toxoplasma gondii Infection. Immunohorizons 2022; 6:660-670. [PMID: 36096673 PMCID: PMC10994198 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii induces strong IFN-γ-based immunity. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC), in particular ILC1, are an important innate source of this protective cytokine during infection. Our objective was to determine how MyD88-dependent signaling influences ILC function during peroral compared with i.p. infection with T. gondii. MyD88 +/+ and MyD88 -/- mice were orally inoculated with ME49 cysts, and small intestinal lamina propria ILC were assessed using flow cytometry. We observed T-bet+ ILC1, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt+ ILC3, and a population of T-bet+retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt+ double-positive ILC. In MyD88 -/- mice, IFN-γ-producing T-bet+ ILC1 frequencies were reduced compared with wild-type. Treatment of MyD88 -/- mice with an antibiotic mixture to deplete microflora reduced IFN-γ+ ILC1 frequencies. To examine ILC responses outside of the mucosal immune system, peritoneal exudate cells were collected from wild-type and knockout mice after i.p. inoculation with ME49 cysts. In this compartment, ILC were highly polarized to the ILC1 subset that increased significantly and became highly positive for IFN-γ over the course of infection. Increased ILC1 was associated with expression of the Ki67 cell proliferation marker, and the response was driven by IL-12p40. In the absence of MyD88, IFN-γ expression by ILC1 was not maintained, but proliferation remained normal. Collectively, these data reveal new aspects of ILC function that are influenced by location of infection and shaped further by MyD88-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Snyder
- Center for Evolutionary & Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Jessica Belmares-Ortega
- Center for Evolutionary & Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Claire M Doherty
- Center for Evolutionary & Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Eric Y Denkers
- Center for Evolutionary & Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
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Anti-Tumor Effect of Parasitic Protozoans. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9080395. [PMID: 36004920 PMCID: PMC9405343 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system may aberrantly silence when against “altered self”, which consequently may develop into malignancies. With the development of tumor immunology and molecular biology, the deepened understanding of the relationship between parasites and tumors shifts the attitude towards parasitic pathogens from elimination to utilization. In recent years, the antitumor impact implemented by protozoan parasites and the derived products has been confirmed. The immune system is activated and enhanced by some protozoan parasites, thereby inhibiting tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in many animal models. In this work, we reviewed the available information on the antitumor effect of parasitic infection or induced by parasitic antigen, as well as the involved immune mechanisms that modulate cancer progression. Despite the fact that clinical trials of the protozoan parasites against tumors are limited and the specific mechanisms of the effect on tumors are not totally clear, the use of genetically modified protozoan parasites and derived molecules combined with chemotherapy could be an important element for promoting antitumor treatment in the future.
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The unique role of innate lymphoid cells in cancer and the hepatic microenvironment. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:1012-1029. [PMID: 35962192 PMCID: PMC9424527 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00901-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease, and despite incredible progress over the last decade, it remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Liver cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver metastases are distinct from other cancers in that they typically emerge as a consequence of long-term low-grade inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin inflammation-driven tissue remodeling of the hepatic immune environment is likely to provide new insights into much needed treatments for this devastating disease. Group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which include natural killer (NK) cells and ILC1s, are particularly enriched in the liver and thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of liver diseases, including cancer. NK cells are an attractive, but underexplored, therapeutic target in hepatic disease due to their role in immunosurveillance and their ability to recognize and eliminate malignant cells. ILC1s are closely related to and share many phenotypic features with NK cells but are less well studied. Thus, their utility in immunotherapeutic approaches is not yet well understood. Here, we review our current understanding of ILCs in cancer with a particular focus on liver and liver-related diseases.
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Franklin M, Connolly E, Hussell T. Recruited and Tissue-Resident Natural Killer Cells in the Lung During Infection and Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:887503. [PMID: 35844626 PMCID: PMC9284027 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.887503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are an important component of the innate immune system, and have a key role in host defense against infection and in tumor surveillance. Tumors and viruses employ remarkably similar strategies to avoid recognition and killing by NK cells and so much can be learnt by comparing NK cells in these disparate diseases. The lung is a unique tissue environment and immune cells in this organ, including NK cells, exist in a hypofunctional state to prevent activation against innocuous stimuli. Upon infection, rapid NK cell infiltration into the lung occurs, the amplitude of which is determined by the extent of inflammation and damage. Activated NK cells kill infected cells and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines to recruit cells of the adaptive immune system. More recent evidence has shown that NK cells also play an additional role in resolution of inflammation. In lung cancer however, NK cell recruitment is impaired and those that are present have reduced functionality. The majority of lung NK cells are circulatory, however recently a small population of tissue-resident lung NK cells has been described. The specific role of this subset is yet to be determined, but they show similarity to resident memory T cell subsets. Whether resident or recruited, NK cells are important in the control of pulmonary infections, but equally, can drive excessive inflammation if not regulated. In this review we discuss how NK cells are recruited, controlled and retained in the specific environment of the lung in health and disease. Understanding these mechanisms in the context of infection may provide opportunities to promote NK cell recruitment and function in the lung tumor setting.
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Immune responses to Toxoplasma gondii. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 77:102226. [PMID: 35785567 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that can cause severe complications in the newborn and immunocompromised individuals. The parasite evokes a strong innate immune response in the infected hosts which is followed by a robust adaptive immunity. In the last few years, importance of innate immune mechanisms dependent on the role of MyD-88 independent pathways, inflammatory monocytes and innate lymphocyte have been identified. However, notwithstanding the strong immune response to the parasite, the chronic infection persists in the host. The inability to prevent chronic infection can be attributed to aberration in the memory CD8 T cell response caused by an increased expression of inhibitory receptors that leads to their dysfunctionality.
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Coman D, Coales I, Roberts LB, Neves JF. Helper-Like Type-1 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:903688. [PMID: 35844597 PMCID: PMC9285720 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.903688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic condition characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation in the intestine. While the precise etiology of IBD remains unknown, genetics, the gut microbiome, environmental factors, and the immune system have all been shown to contribute to the disease pathophysiology. In recent years, attention has shifted towards the role that innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) may play in the dysregulation of intestinal immunity observed in IBD. ILCs are a group of heterogenous immune cells which can be found at mucosal barriers. They act as critical mediators of the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and the orchestration of its inflammatory response. Despite helper-like type 1 ILCs (ILC1s) constituting a particularly rare ILC population in the intestine, recent work has suggested that an accumulation of intestinal ILC1s in individuals with IBD may act to exacerbate its pathology. In this review, we summarize existing knowledge on helper-like ILC1 plasticity and their classification in murine and human settings. Moreover, we discuss what is currently understood about the roles that ILC1s may play in the progression of IBD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Coman
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Coales
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luke B. Roberts
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joana F. Neves
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Joana F. Neves,
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McCulloch TR, Rossi GR, Schreuder J, Belz GT, Wells TJ, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F. CIS and TGF-β regulatory pathways influence immunity to bacterial infection. Immunology 2022; 167:54-63. [PMID: 35611558 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer therapy by reactivating tumor-resident cytotoxic lymphocytes. More recently, immunotherapy has emerged to restore immunity against infectious agents, including bacterial infections. Immunotherapy primarily targets inhibitory pathways in T cells, however interest in other effector populations, such as natural killer (NK) cells, is growing. We have previously discovered that NK cell metabolism, proliferation, and activation can be neutralized through the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β immunosuppressive pathway by inducing plasticity of NK cells and differentiation into innate lymphoid cell (ILC)1-like subsets. NK cells are also regulated through cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CIS), which is induced by interleukin (IL)-15 and is a potent intracellular checkpoint suppressing NK cell survival and function. Targeting these two distinct pathways to restore NK cell function has shown promise in cancer models, but their application in bacterial infection remains unknown. Here, we investigate whether enhancement of NK cell function can improve anti-bacterial immunity, using Salmonella Typhimurium as a model. We identified conversion of NK cells to ILC1-like for the first time in the context of bacterial infection, where TGF-β signaling contributed to this plasticity. Future work should focus on identifying further drivers of ILC1 plasticity and its functional implication in bacterial infection models. We further describe that CIS-deficient mice displayed enhanced pro-inflammatory function and dramatically enhanced anti-bacterial immunity. Inhibition of CIS may present as a viable therapeutic option to enhance immunity towards bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R McCulloch
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Gustavo R Rossi
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jaring Schreuder
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Timothy J Wells
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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35
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Heinrich B, Korangy F. Plasticity of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886520. [PMID: 35663967 PMCID: PMC9160464 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu-13-886520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a heterogenous population of the innate immune system, enriched at mucosal surfaces and are pivotal regulators of immune homeostasis. ILCs are the innate counterpart of T cells. Like T cells, ILC subsets are highly plastic with their composition and function controlled by alterations in their microenvironment. This plasticity allows for the trans-differentiation between the subsets to rapidly respond to their immune environment. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a heterogeneous milieu characterized by different cytokines and growth factors. Through interaction with the tumor microenvironment, ILCs can transdifferentiate into different subsets resulting in pro or anti-tumor immunity. Thus, studying ILC plasticity might result in new therapeutic approaches for cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize current findings of the functional and plastic heterogeneity of ILCs in homeostasis as well as disease settings with a specific focus on cancer. We specifically highlight tumor-driven plasticity and how ILC-induced inflammation can impact the tumor microenvironment and anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Heinrich
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Firouzeh Korangy
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Firouzeh Korangy,
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36
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Pelletier A, Stockmann C. The Metabolic Basis of ILC Plasticity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:858051. [PMID: 35572512 PMCID: PMC9099248 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.858051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) are the innate counterpart of adaptive lymphoid T cells. They are key players in the regulation of tissues homeostasis and early inflammatory host responses. ILCs are divided into three groups, and further subdivided into five subsets, that are characterised by distinct transcription factors, surface markers and their cytokine expression profiles. Group 1 ILCs, including natural killer (NK) cells and non-NK cell ILC1s, express T-bet and produce IFN-γ. Group 2 ILCs depend on GATA3 and produce IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Group 3 ILCs, composed of ILC3s and Lymphoid Tissue Inducer (LTi) cells, express RORγt and produce IL-17 and IL-22. Even though, the phenotype of each subset is well defined, environmental signals can trigger the interconversion of phenotypes and the plasticity of ILCs, in both mice and humans. Several extrinsic and intrinsic drivers of ILC plasticity have been described. However, the changes in cellular metabolism that underlie ILC plasticity remain largely unexplored. Given that metabolic changes critically affect fate and effector function of several immune cell types, we, here, review recent findings on ILC metabolism and discuss the implications for ILC plasticity.
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Fang D, Cui K, Cao Y, Zheng M, Kawabe T, Hu G, Khillan JS, Li D, Zhong C, Jankovic D, Sher A, Zhao K, Zhu J. Differential regulation of transcription factor T-bet induction during NK cell development and T helper-1 cell differentiation. Immunity 2022; 55:639-655.e7. [PMID: 35381213 PMCID: PMC9059963 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive CD4+ T helper cells and their innate counterparts, innate lymphoid cells, utilize an identical set of transcription factors (TFs) for their differentiation and functions. However, similarities and differences in the induction of these TFs in related lymphocytes are still elusive. Here, we show that T helper-1 (Th1) cells and natural killer (NK) cells displayed distinct epigenomes at the Tbx21 locus, which encodes T-bet, a critical TF for regulating type 1 immune responses. The initial induction of T-bet in NK precursors was dependent on the NK-specific DNase I hypersensitive site Tbx21-CNS-3, and the expression of the interleukin-18 (IL-18) receptor; IL-18 induced T-bet expression through the transcription factor RUNX3, which bound to Tbx21-CNS-3. By contrast, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-binding motifs within Tbx21-CNS-12 were critical for IL-12-induced T-bet expression during Th1 cell differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, type 1 innate and adaptive lymphocytes utilize distinct enhancer elements for their development and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difeng Fang
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Kairong Cui
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yaqiang Cao
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Takeshi Kawabe
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Jaspal S Khillan
- Mouse Genetics and Gene Modification Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dragana Jankovic
- Immunoparasitology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Keji Zhao
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Steffen J, Ehrentraut S, Bank U, Biswas A, Figueiredo CA, Hölsken O, Düsedau HP, Dovhan V, Knop L, Thode J, Romero-Suárez S, Duarte CI, Gigley J, Romagnani C, Diefenbach A, Klose CSN, Schüler T, Dunay IR. Type 1 innate lymphoid cells regulate the onset of Toxoplasma gondii-induced neuroinflammation. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110564. [PMID: 35354032 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral infections are restrained by a complex interplay of tissue-resident and recruited peripheral immune cells. Whether innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are involved in the orchestration of the neuroinflammatory dynamics is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that ILCs accumulate in the cerebral parenchyma, the choroid plexus, and the meninges in the onset of cerebral Toxoplasma gondii infection. Antibody-mediated depletion of conventional natural killer (cNK) cells and ILC1s in the early stage of infection results in diminished cytokine and chemokine expression and increased cerebral parasite burden. Using cNK- and ILC1-deficient murine models, we demonstrate that exclusively the lack of ILC1s affects cerebral immune responses. In summary, our results provide evidence that ILC1s are an early source of IFN-γ and TNF in response to cerebral T. gondii infection, thereby inducing host defense factors and initiating the development of a neuroinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Steffen
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ehrentraut
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ute Bank
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aindrila Biswas
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Caio Andreeta Figueiredo
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hölsken
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, German Rheuma Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany; Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henning Peter Düsedau
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Vladyslava Dovhan
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Knop
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Thode
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Silvina Romero-Suárez
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Infante Duarte
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jason Gigley
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Chiara Romagnani
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany; Medical Department I, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, German Rheuma Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany; Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph S N Klose
- Neuro-immune Interactions, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schüler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ildiko Rita Dunay
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation (GC-I(3)), Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Chen Y, Wang X, Hao X, Li B, Tao W, Zhu S, Qu K, Wei H, Sun R, Peng H, Tian Z. Ly49E separates liver ILC1s into embryo-derived and postnatal subsets with different functions. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213100. [PMID: 35348580 PMCID: PMC8992684 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) represent the predominant population of liver ILCs and function as important effectors and regulators of immune responses, but the cellular heterogeneity of ILC1s is not fully understood. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that liver ILC1s could be dissected into Ly49E+ and Ly49E− populations with unique transcriptional and phenotypic features. Genetic fate-mapping analysis revealed that liver Ly49E+ ILC1s with strong cytotoxicity originated from embryonic non–bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), persisted locally during postnatal life, and mediated protective immunity against cytomegalovirus infection in newborn mice. However, Ly49E− ILC1s developed from BM and extramedullary HPCs after birth, gradually replaced Ly49E+ ILC1s in the livers with age, and contained the memory subset in recall response to hapten challenge. Thus, our study shows that Ly49E dissects liver ILC1s into two unique subpopulations, with distinct origins and a bias toward neonatal innate or adult immune memory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Chen
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaolei Hao
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wanyin Tao
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Qu
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Institute of Immunology and the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Research Unit of NK Cell Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hefei, China
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40
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Abstract
The innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family is composed of natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3, which participate in immune responses to virus, bacteria, parasites and transformed cells. ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3 subsets are mostly tissue-resident, and are profoundly imprinted by their organ of residence. They exhibit pleiotropic effects, driving seemingly paradoxical responses such as tissue repair and, alternatively, immunopathology toward allergens and promotion of tumorigenesis. Despite this, a trickle of studies now suggests that non-NK ILCs may not be overwhelmingly tumorigenic and could potentially be harnessed to drive anti-tumor responses. Here, we examine the pleiotropic behavior of ILCs in cancer and begin to unravel the gap in our knowledge that exposes a new horizon for thinking about modifying ILCs and targeting them for immunotherapy.
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Gullicksrud JA, Sateriale A, Engiles JB, Gibson AR, Shaw S, Hutchins ZA, Martin L, Christian DA, Taylor GA, Yamamoto M, Beiting DP, Striepen B, Hunter CA. Enterocyte-innate lymphoid cell crosstalk drives early IFN-γ-mediated control of Cryptosporidium. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:362-372. [PMID: 34750455 PMCID: PMC8881313 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal parasite, Cryptosporidium, is a major contributor to global child mortality and causes opportunistic infection in immune deficient individuals. Innate resistance to Cryptosporidium, which specifically invades enterocytes, is dependent on the production of IFN-γ, yet whether enterocytes contribute to parasite control is poorly understood. In this study, utilizing a mouse-adapted strain of C. parvum, we show that epithelial-derived IL-18 synergized with IL-12 to stimulate innate lymphoid cell (ILC) production of IFN-γ required for early parasite control. The loss of IFN-γ-mediated STAT1 signaling in enterocytes, but not dendritic cells or macrophages, antagonized early parasite control. Transcriptional profiling of enterocytes from infected mice identified an IFN-γ signature and enrichment of the anti-microbial effectors IDO, GBP, and IRG. Deletion experiments identified a role for Irgm1/m3 in parasite control. Thus, enterocytes promote ILC production of IFN-γ that acts on enterocytes to restrict the growth of Cryptosporidium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi A Gullicksrud
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam Sateriale
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Julie B Engiles
- Department of Pathobiology, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Alexis R Gibson
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sebastian Shaw
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary A Hutchins
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Jill Robests Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lindsay Martin
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A Christian
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gregory A Taylor
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Immunology and Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daniel P Beiting
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Boris Striepen
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Cairo C, Webb TJ. Effective Barriers: The Role of NKT Cells and Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Gut. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:235-246. [PMID: 35017213 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The critical role of commensal microbiota in regulating the host immune response has been established. In addition, it is known that host-microbial interactions are bidirectional, and this interplay is tightly regulated to prevent chronic inflammatory disease. Although many studies have focused on the role of classic T cell subsets, unconventional lymphocytes such as NKT cells and innate lymphoid cells also contribute to the regulation of homeostasis at mucosal surfaces and influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms involved in the cross-regulation between NKT cells, innate lymphoid cells, and the gut microbiota. Moreover, we highlight how disruptions in homeostasis can lead to immune-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Cairo
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD;
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tonya J Webb
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Coordination of Mucosal Immunity by Innate Lymphoid Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1365:113-134. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8387-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Korchagina AA, Koroleva E, Tumanov AV. Innate Lymphoid Cells in Response to Intracellular Pathogens: Protection Versus Immunopathology. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:775554. [PMID: 34938670 PMCID: PMC8685334 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.775554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a heterogeneous group of cytokine-producing lymphocytes which are predominantly located at mucosal barrier surfaces, such as skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. ILCs contribute to tissue homeostasis, regulate microbiota-derived signals, and protect against mucosal pathogens. ILCs are classified into five major groups by their developmental origin and distinct cytokine production. A recently emerged intriguing feature of ILCs is their ability to alter their phenotype and function in response to changing local environmental cues such as pathogen invasion. Once the pathogen crosses host barriers, ILCs quickly activate cytokine production to limit the spread of the pathogen. However, the dysregulated ILC responses can lead to tissue inflammation and damage. Furthermore, the interplay between ILCs and other immune cell types shapes the outcome of the immune response. Recent studies highlighted the important role of ILCs for host defense against intracellular pathogens. Here, we review recent advances in understanding the mechanisms controlling protective and pathogenic ILC responses to intracellular pathogens. This knowledge can help develop new ILC-targeted strategies to control infectious diseases and immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Korchagina
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ekaterina Koroleva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Alexei V Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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Yomogida K, Bigley TM, Trsan T, Gilfillan S, Cella M, Yokoyama WM, Egawa T, Colonna M. Hobit confers tissue-dependent programs to type 1 innate lymphoid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2117965118. [PMID: 34880136 PMCID: PMC8685927 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117965118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) has been problematic. The transcription factor Hobit encoded by Zfp683 has been proposed as a major driver of ILC1 programs. Using Zfp683 reporter mice, we showed that correlation of Hobit expression with ILC1s is tissue- and context-dependent. In liver and intestinal mucosa, Zfp683 expression correlated well with ILC1s; in salivary glands, Zfp683 was coexpressed with the natural killer (NK) master transcription factors Eomes and TCF1 in a unique cell population, which we call ILC1-like NK cells; during viral infection, Zfp683 was induced in conventional NK cells of spleen and liver. The impact of Zfp683 deletion on ILC1s and NK cells was also multifaceted, including a marked decrease in granzyme- and interferon-gamma (IFNγ)-producing ILC1s in the liver, slightly fewer ILC1s and more Eomes+ TCF1+ ILC1-like NK cells in salivary glands, and only reduced production of granzyme B by ILC1 in the intestinal mucosa. NK cell-mediated control of viral infection was unaffected. We conclude that Hobit has two major impacts on ILC1s: It sustains liver ILC1 numbers, while promoting ILC1 functional maturation in other tissues by controlling TCF1, Eomes, and granzyme expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yomogida
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Tarin M Bigley
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Tihana Trsan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Susan Gilfillan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Marina Cella
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Wayne M Yokoyama
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Takeshi Egawa
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;
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Charmetant X, Bachelet T, Déchanet-Merville J, Walzer T, Thaunat O. Innate (and Innate-like) Lymphoid Cells: Emerging Immune Subsets With Multiple Roles Along Transplant Life. Transplantation 2021; 105:e322-e336. [PMID: 33859152 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Transplant immunology is currently largely focused on conventional adaptive immunity, particularly T and B lymphocytes, which have long been considered as the only cells capable of allorecognition. In this vision, except for the initial phase of ischemia/reperfusion, during which the role of innate immune effectors is well established, the latter are largely considered as "passive" players, recruited secondarily to amplify graft destruction processes during rejection. Challenging this prevalent dogma, the recent progresses in basic immunology have unraveled the complexity of the innate immune system and identified different subsets of innate (and innate-like) lymphoid cells. As most of these cells are tissue-resident, they are overrepresented among passenger leukocytes. Beyond their role in ischemia/reperfusion, some of these subsets have been shown to be capable of allorecognition and/or of regulating alloreactive adaptive responses, suggesting that these emerging immune players are actively involved in most of the life phases of the grafts and their recipients. Drawing upon the inventory of the literature, this review synthesizes the current state of knowledge of the role of the different innate (and innate-like) lymphoid cell subsets during ischemia/reperfusion, allorecognition, and graft rejection. How these subsets also contribute to graft tolerance and the protection of chronically immunosuppressed patients against infectious and cancerous complications is also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Charmetant
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Bachelet
- Clinique Saint-Augustin-CTMR, ELSAN, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Thierry Walzer
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Thaunat
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
- Department of Transplantation, Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Lyon-Est Medical Faculty, Claude Bernard University (Lyon 1), Lyon, France
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Single-Cell Genomics: Enabling the Functional Elucidation of Infectious Diseases in Multi-Cell Genomes. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111467. [PMID: 34832622 PMCID: PMC8624509 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the time when detection of gene expression in single cells by microarrays to the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) enabled Single Cell Genomics (SCG), it has played a pivotal role to understand and elucidate the functional role of cellular heterogeneity. Along this journey to becoming a key player in the capture of the individuality of cells, SCG overcame many milestones, including scale, speed, sensitivity and sample costs (4S). There have been many important experimental and computational innovations in the efficient analysis and interpretation of SCG data. The increasing role of AI in SCG data analysis has further enhanced its applicability in building models for clinical intervention. Furthermore, SCG has been instrumental in the delineation of the role of cellular heterogeneity in specific diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases. The understanding of the role of differential immune responses in driving coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) disease severity and clinical outcomes has been greatly aided by SCG. With many variants of concern (VOC) in sight, it would be of great importance to further understand the immune response specificity vis-a-vis the immune cell repertoire, the identification of novel cell types, and antibody response. Given the potential of SCG to play an integral part in the multi-omics approach to the study of the host-pathogen interaction and its outcomes, our review attempts to highlight its strengths, its implications for infectious disease biology, and its current limitations. We conclude that the application of SCG would be a critical step towards future pandemic preparedness.
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Grimaldi A, Pietropaolo G, Stabile H, Kosta A, Capuano C, Gismondi A, Santoni A, Sciumè G, Fionda C. The Regulatory Activity of Noncoding RNAs in ILCs. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102742. [PMID: 34685721 PMCID: PMC8534545 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are innate lymphocytes playing essential functions in protection against microbial infections and participate in both homeostatic and pathological contexts, including tissue remodeling, cancer, and inflammatory disorders. A number of lineage-defining transcription factors concurs to establish transcriptional networks which determine the identity and the activity of the distinct ILC subsets. However, the contribution of other regulatory molecules in controlling ILC development and function is also recently emerging. In this regard, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent key elements of the complex regulatory network of ILC biology and host protection. ncRNAs mostly lack protein-coding potential, but they are endowed with a relevant regulatory activity in immune and nonimmune cells because of their ability to control chromatin structure, RNA stability, and/or protein synthesis. Herein, we summarize recent studies describing how distinct types of ncRNAs, mainly microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs, act in the context of ILC biology. In particular, we comment on how ncRNAs can exert key effects in ILCs by controlling gene expression in a cell- or state-specific manner and how this tunes distinct functional outputs in ILCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Grimaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Pietropaolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Helena Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Andrea Kosta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Cristina Capuano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Angela Gismondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
- IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0649255118; Fax: +39-0644340632
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Stojanovic A, Cerwenka A. ILC1-like NK cells as matchmakers for DC-T cell interactions. Immunity 2021; 54:2185-2187. [PMID: 34644553 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Both innate and adaptive immunity are orchestrated by multiple cell types, specialized cell lineages, and their spatiotemporal encounters. It is thought that adaptive-like NK cell responses to viral infection mainly involve circulating bona fide NK cells. In this issue of Immunity, Flommersfeld et al. (2021) identify a splenic-resident ILC1-like NK cell subset that facilitates CD8+ T cell-DC interactions during anti-viral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Stojanovic
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Adelheid Cerwenka
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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50
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Roma S, Carpen L, Raveane A, Bertolini F. The Dual Role of Innate Lymphoid and Natural Killer Cells in Cancer. from Phenotype to Single-Cell Transcriptomics, Functions and Clinical Uses. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205042. [PMID: 34680190 PMCID: PMC8533946 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), a family of innate immune cells including natural killers (NKs), play a multitude of roles in first-line cancer control, in escape from immunity and in cancer progression. In this review, we summarize preclinical and clinical data on ILCs and NK cells concerning their phenotype, function and clinical applications in cellular therapy trials. We also describe how single-cell transcriptome sequencing has been used and forecast how it will be used to better understand ILC and NK involvement in cancer control and progression as well as their therapeutic potential. Abstract The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), including natural killer (NK) cells, is pivotal in inflammatory modulation and cancer. Natural killer cell activity and count have been demonstrated to be regulated by the expression of activating and inhibitory receptors together with and as a consequence of different stimuli. The great majority of NK cell populations have an anti-tumor activity due to their cytotoxicity, and for this reason have been used for cellular therapies in cancer patients. On the other hand, the recently classified helper ILCs are fundamentally involved in inflammation and they can be either helpful or harmful in cancer development and progression. Tissue niche seems to play an important role in modulating ILC function and conversion, as observed at the transcriptional level. In the past, these cell populations have been classified by the presence of specific cellular receptor markers; more recently, due to the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), it has been possible to also explore them at the transcriptomic level. In this article we review studies on ILC (and NK cell) classification, function and their involvement in cancer. We also summarize the potential application of NK cells in cancer therapy and give an overview of the most recent studies involving ILCs and NKs at scRNA-seq, focusing on cancer. Finally, we provide a resource for those who wish to start single-cell transcriptomic analysis on the context of these innate lymphoid cell populations.
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