1
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Segerdahl M, Rother M, Halldin MM, Popescu T, Schaffler K. Topically applied novel TRPV1 receptor antagonist, ACD440 Gel, reduces evoked pain in healthy volunteers, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Eur J Pain 2024. [PMID: 38864733 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TRPV1 receptor is a key molecule in pain generation. Previous development of oral TRPV1-antagonists was halted due to systemic heat insensitivity and body temperature alterations. The present Phase 1b study investigated the efficacy, safety and plasma exposure of a topically administered TRPV1-antagonist (ACD440 Gel) in healthy subjects. METHODS The study comprised two parts. In part 1, 24 healthy subjects were included in this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. ACD440 Gel or Placebo was applied once daily and wiped off after 1 h, for 5 consecutive days. Assessments were done in normal skin, skin optimized for penetration (by stripping and occlusive gel application) and UVB-irradiated skin. Pain induced by thermo-nociceptive CO2 laser impulses generated laser-evoked potentials (LEPs), with readouts of peak-to-peak (PtP) amplitude in vertex-EEG and pain assessments by VAS (0-100). Endpoints include effects at 1 hour post-dose, AUC(Days 1-5) and AUC(0-24, Day 4). In UVB-irradiated skin, also pain on pinprick and skin redness were assessed. Part 2 explored the plasma pharmacokinetics of ACD440. RESULTS ACD440 Gel reduced LEP PtP amplitude and VAS pain, p < 0.001, in all skin conditions, versus placebo. In UVB-irradiated skin, pinprick pain was also reduced, p = 0.047. Effects were significant after 1 h, maintaining for at least 9 h. There were no adverse events or drug-induced erythema. Plasma exposures of ACD440 were too low to establish an elimination half-life of ACD400. CONCLUSIONS Topical ACD440 Gel demonstrated a significant analgesic effect on LEP, VAS score and pinprick pain, with low systemic exposures, supporting further clinical development. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates that the topical administration of a TRPV1-antagonist, ACD440 Gel, has potential as a new treatment for painful conditions affecting the skin, such as chronic peripheral neuropathic pain, without any local or systemic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Segerdahl
- AlzeCure Pharma AB, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - M Rother
- AlzeCure Pharma AB, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - T Popescu
- HPR Dr. Schaffler GmbH, Human Pharmacodynamic Research, Munich, Germany
| | - K Schaffler
- HPR Dr. Schaffler GmbH, Human Pharmacodynamic Research, Munich, Germany
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2
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Huang YZ, Ma JX, Bian YJ, Bai QR, Gao YH, Di SK, Lei YT, Yang H, Yang XN, Shao CY, Wang WH, Cao P, Li CZ, Zhu MX, Sun MY, Yu Y. TRPV1 analgesics disturb core body temperature via a biased allosteric mechanism involving conformations distinct from that for nociception. Neuron 2024; 112:1815-1831.e4. [PMID: 38492574 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Efforts on developing transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) drugs for pain management have been hampered by deleterious hypo- or hyperthermia caused by TRPV1 agonists/antagonists. Here, we compared the effects of four antagonists on TRPV1 polymodal gating and core body temperature (CBT) in Trpv1+/+, Trpv1-/-, and Trpv1T634A/T634A. Neither the effect on proton gating nor drug administration route, hair coverage, CBT rhythmic fluctuations, or inflammation had any influence on the differential actions of TRPV1 drugs on CBT. We identified the S4-S5 linker region exposed to the vanilloid pocket of TRPV1 to be critical for hyperthermia associated with certain TRPV1 antagonists. PSFL2874, a TRPV1 antagonist we discovered, is effective against inflammatory pain but devoid of binding to the S4-S5 linker and inducing CBT changes. These findings implicate that biased allosteric mechanisms exist for TRPV1 coupling to nociception and CBT regulation, opening avenues for the development of non-opioid analgesics without affecting CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhe Huang
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing-Xian Ma
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu-Jing Bian
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qin-Ru Bai
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu-Hao Gao
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shu-Ke Di
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yun-Tao Lei
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Tea Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Na Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chang-Yan Shao
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wen-Hui Wang
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chang-Zhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Meng-Yang Sun
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ye Yu
- Schools of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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3
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Wu Y, Song X, Ji Y, Chen G, Zhao L. A synthetic peptide exerts nontolerance-forming antihyperalgesic and antidepressant effects in mice. Neurotherapeutics 2024:e00377. [PMID: 38777742 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a prevalent and persistent ailment that affects individuals worldwide. Conventional medications employed in the treatment of chronic pain typically demonstrate limited analgesic effectiveness and frequently give rise to debilitating side effects, such as tolerance and addiction, thereby diminishing patient compliance with medication. Consequently, there is an urgent need for the development of efficacious novel analgesics and innovative methodologies to address chronic pain. Recently, a growing body of evidence has suggested that multireceptor ligands targeting opioid receptors (ORs) are favorable for improving analgesic efficacy, decreasing the risk of adverse effects, and occasionally yielding additional advantages. In this study, the intrathecal injection of a recently developed peptide (VYWEMEDKN) at nanomolar concentrations decreased pain sensitivity in naïve mice and effectively reduced pain-related behaviors in nociceptive pain model mice with minimal opioid-related side effects. Importantly, the compound exerted significant rapid-acting antidepressant effects in both the forced swim test and tail suspension test. It is possible that the rapid antihyperalgesic and antidepressant effects of the peptide are mediated through the OR pathway. Overall, this peptide could both effectively provide pain relief and alleviate depression with fewer side effects, suggesting that it is a potential agent for chronic pain and depression comorbidities from the perspective of pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjiang Wu
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaofei Song
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - YanZhe Ji
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Long Zhao
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
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4
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Zhou X, Zhang YC, Lu KQ, Xiao R, Tang WC, Wang F. The Role of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Mediated F-Actin in the Acupuncture-Induced Mitigation of Inflammatory Pain in Arthritic Rats. Brain Sci 2024; 14:380. [PMID: 38672029 PMCID: PMC11048453 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The analgesic efficacy of acupuncture has been widely recognized. However, the mechanism by which manual acupuncture-generated mechanical stimuli translate into biological signals remains unclear. This study employed a CFA-induced inflammatory pain rat model. Acupuncture intervention was then performed following standardized procedures. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assessed inflammatory cytokines levels, while immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR screened the level of p38 and F-actin expression in the ST36 acupoint area of rats. Results indicated increased inflammatory factors, including IL-1β and TNFα, with reduced paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) in CFA rats compared to unmodeled rats. After acupuncture intervention, the heightened expression level of F-actin and p38 mRNA and the phosphorylation of p38 in the acupoint area was observed alongside decreased inflammatory factors in diseased ankle joints. The application of lifting and thrusting manipulations further enhanced the effect of acupuncture, in which the molecular expression level of muscle and connective tissue increased most significantly, indicating that these two tissues play a major role in the transformation of acupuncture stimulation. Moreover, antagonizing p38 expression hindered acupuncture efficacy, supporting the hypothesis that p38 MAPK-mediated F-actin transduces mechanical signals generated by acupuncture and related manipulation into biological signals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fan Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.Z.); (Y.-C.Z.); (K.-Q.L.); (R.X.); (W.-C.T.)
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5
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Zhang W, Zhang Y, Fan J, Feng Z, Song X. Pharmacological activity of capsaicin: Mechanisms and controversies (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:38. [PMID: 38240083 PMCID: PMC10828990 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin, which is abundant in chili peppers, exerts antioxidative, antitumor, antiulcer and analgesic effects and it has demonstrated potential as a treatment for cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, oncological and dermatological conditions. Unique among natural irritants, capsaicin initially excites neurons but then 'calms' them into long‑lasting non‑responsiveness. Capsaicin can also promote weight loss, making it potentially useful for treating obesity. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the therapeutic effects of capsaicin, including antioxidation, analgesia and promotion of apoptosis. Some of the mechanisms are proposed to be mediated by the capsaicin receptor (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1), but some are proposed to be independent of that receptor. The clinical usefulness of capsaicin is limited by its short half‑life. The present review provided an overview of what is known about the therapeutic effects of capsaicin and the mechanisms involved and certain studies arguing against its clinical use were mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Jinke Fan
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguo Feng
- School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571127, P.R. China
| | - Xinqiang Song
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
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6
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Alavi MS, Soheili V, Roohbakhsh A. The role of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in phagocytosis: A comprehensive review. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176302. [PMID: 38154767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
When host cells are exposed to foreign particles, dead cells, or cell hazards, a sophisticated process called phagocytosis begins. During this process, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils engulf the target by expanding their membranes. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is called efferocytosis. This process is of significant importance as billions of cells are eliminated daily without provoking inflammation. Both phagocytosis and efferocytosis depend on Ca2+ signaling. A big family of Ca2+ permeable channels is transient receptor potentials (TRPs) divided into nine subfamilies. We aimed to review their roles in phagocytosis. The present review article shows that various TRP channels such as TRPV1, 2, 3, 4, TRPM2, 4, 7, 8, TRPML1, TRPA1, TRPC1, 3, 5, 6 have roles at various stages of phagocytosis. They are involved in the phagocytosis of amyloid β, α-synuclein, myelin debris, bacteria, and apoptotic cells. In particular, TRPC3 and TRPM7 contribute to efferocytosis. These effects are mediated by changing Ca2+ signaling or targeting intracellular enzymes such as Akt. In addition, they contribute to the chemotaxis of phagocytic cells towards targets. Although a limited number of studies have assessed the role of TRP channels in phagocytosis and efferocytosis, their findings indicate that they have critical roles in these processes. In some cases, their ablation completely abolished the phagocytic function of the cells. As a result, TRP channels are potential targets for developing new therapeutics that modulate phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Soheili
- Pharmaceutical Control Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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7
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Anand S, Rajagopal S. A Comprehensive Review on the Regulatory Action of TRP Channels: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Nociceptive Pain. Neurosci Insights 2023; 18:26331055231220340. [PMID: 38146332 PMCID: PMC10749524 DOI: 10.1177/26331055231220340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily of ion channels in humans comprises voltage-gated, non-selective cation channels expressed both in excitable as well as non-excitable cells. Four TRP channel subunits associate to create functional homo- or heterotetramers that allow the influx of calcium, sodium, and/or potassium. These channels are highly abundant in the brain and kidney and are important mediators of diverse biological functions including thermosensation, vascular tone, flow sensing in the kidney and irritant stimuli sensing. Inherited or acquired dysfunction of TRP channels influences cellular functions and signaling pathways resulting in multifaceted disorders affecting skeletal, renal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems. Studies have demonstrated the involvement of these channels in the generation and transduction of pain. Based on the multifaceted role orchestrated by these TRP channels, modulation of the activity of these channels presents an important strategy to influence cellular function by regulating intracellular calcium levels as well as membrane excitability. Therefore, there has been a remarkable pharmaceutical inclination toward TRP channels as therapeutic interventions. Several candidate drugs influencing the activity of these channels are already in the clinical trials pipeline. The present review encompasses the current understanding of TRP channels and TRP modulators in pain and pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Anand
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Senthilkumar Rajagopal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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8
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Londregan A, Alexander TD, Covarrubias M, Waldman SA. Fundamental Neurochemistry Review: The role of enteroendocrine cells in visceral pain. J Neurochem 2023; 167:719-732. [PMID: 38037432 PMCID: PMC10917140 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
While visceral pain is commonly associated with disorders of the gut-brain axis, underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons innervate visceral structures and undergo hypersensitization in inflammatory models. The characterization of peripheral DRG neuron terminals is an active area of research, but recent work suggests that they communicate with enteroendocrine cells (EECs) in the gut. EECs sense stimuli in the intestinal lumen and communicate information to the brain through hormonal and electrical signaling. In that context, EECs are a target for developing therapeutics to treat visceral pain. Linaclotide is an FDA-approved treatment for chronic constipation that activates the intestinal membrane receptor guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C). Clinical trials revealed that linaclotide relieves both constipation and visceral pain. We recently demonstrated that the analgesic effect of linaclotide reflects the overexpression of GUCY2C on neuropod cells, a specialized subtype of EECs. While this brings some clarity to the relationship between linaclotide and visceral analgesia, questions remain about the intracellular signaling mechanisms and neurotransmitters mediating this communication. In this Fundamental Neurochemistry Review, we discuss what is currently known about visceral nociceptors, enteroendocrine cells, and the gut-brain axis, and ongoing areas of research regarding that axis and visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Londregan
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Tyler D. Alexander
- Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
- Vicki & Jack Farber Institute of Neuroscience at Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Manuel Covarrubias
- Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
- Vicki & Jack Farber Institute of Neuroscience at Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Scott A. Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
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9
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Zong P, Li CX, Feng J, Cicchetti M, Yue L. TRP Channels in Stroke. Neurosci Bull 2023:10.1007/s12264-023-01151-5. [PMID: 37995056 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating disease that affects millions of patients worldwide. Unfortunately, there are no effective medications for mitigating brain injury after ischemic stroke. TRP channels are evolutionally ancient biosensors that detect external stimuli as well as tissue or cellular injury. To date, many members of the TRP superfamily have been reported to contribute to ischemic brain injury, including the TRPC subfamily (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), TRPV subfamily (1, 2, 3, 4) and TRPM subfamily (2, 4, 7). These TRP channels share structural similarities but have distinct channel functions and properties. Their activation during ischemic stroke can be beneficial, detrimental, or even both. In this review, we focus on discussing the interesting features of stroke-related TRP channels and summarizing the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for their involvement in ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Zong
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, School of Medicine (UConn Health), University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
- Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, 337 Mansfield Road, Unit 1272, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - Cindy X Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, School of Medicine (UConn Health), University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jianlin Feng
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, School of Medicine (UConn Health), University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Mara Cicchetti
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, School of Medicine (UConn Health), University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Lixia Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, School of Medicine (UConn Health), University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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10
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Daniluk J, Voets T. pH-dependent modulation of TRPV1 by modality-selective antagonists. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:2750-2761. [PMID: 37350138 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Antagonists of TRPV1 that inhibit all activation modes cause hyperthermia, hampering their medical use as novel analgesics. TRPV1 antagonists that do not (fully) inhibit responses to low pH do not cause hyperthermia, but it remains incompletely understood how such antagonists affect channel gating. We tested the hypothesis that pH-sparing antagonists act in a modality-selective manner on TRPV1, differentially affecting channel activation by protons and capsaicin. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using whole-cell patch-clamp and calcium imaging to measure channel activity in cells expressing wild type human TRPV1 or the pH-insensitive mutant F660A. Responses to protons and capsaicin were measured at different pH values in the presence of antagonists that reportedly partially spare (A-1165442) or potentiate (AMG7905) acid-evoked channel activation. KEY RESULTS At pH 5.5, A-1165442 was equipotent at blocking acid- and capsaicin-evoked responses of wild type TRPV1. Its potency to inhibit acid-evoked responses was attenuated at pH ≤ 5.0. AMG7905, at a concentration (1 μM) that fully inhibits capsaicin-evoked responses, potentiated proton-evoked (pH 5.5) responses of wild type TRPV1. In the F660A mutant, the inhibitory efficacy of A-1165442 and AMG7905 towards capsaicin-evoked responses was reduced at lower pH values and AMG7905 acted as a partial agonist. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings show that A-1165442 and AMG7905 interact in a pH-dependent manner with TRPV1, but this pH dependence is not strictly modality-selective. Reduced TRPV1 antagonism at acidic pH may limit analgesic efficacy in injured tissue and needs to be considered in models explaining the effects of antagonists on core body temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Daniluk
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research (LICR), VIB-KU Leuven Centre for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Voets
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research (LICR), VIB-KU Leuven Centre for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Li L, Liu Y, Hu W, Yang J, Ma S, Tian Z, Cao Z, Pan K, Jiang M, Liu X, Wu S, Luo C, Xie RG. Peripheral CCL2 induces inflammatory pain via regulation of Ih currents in small diameter DRG neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1144614. [PMID: 37860084 PMCID: PMC10582564 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1144614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) has been implicated in chronic pain, but its exact mechanism of peripheral sensitization is unknown. In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanism of CCL2 regulation of ion channels. Our behavioral experiments revealed that ZD7288, a blocker of Ih current, can inhibit CFA and CCL2-mediated mechanical and thermal nociceptive sensitization. Furthermore, patch clamp studies demonstrated that CFA-induced peripheral sensitization primarily affects the excitability of small-diameter DRG neurons. Further studies revealed that inflammatory pain caused by CFA or incubation of DRG with CCL2 mainly affected Ih currents in small-diameter DRG neurons, which were blocked by co-incubation CCR2 antagonist INCB3344 or adenylate cyclase inhibitor SQ22536. Immunohistochemical staining showed that both intraplantar injection of CFA as well as DRG injection of CCL2 resulted in significant upregulation of CCR2+/HCN2+ expression. In conclusion, we suggest in the inflammatory pain state, CCL2 can act on small-diameter DRG neurons, leading to upregulation of HCN2 expression and consequently Ih, which in turn leads to neuronal hyperexcitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamei Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Life Sciences & Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yuanying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Life Sciences & Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Wenchao Hu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Heart Hospital, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Suibin Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhicheng Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zixuan Cao
- No.6 Cadet Regiment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kunqing Pan
- No.19 Cadet Regiment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- School of Life Sciences & Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Xia Liu
- School of Life Sciences & Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ceng Luo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rou-Gang Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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12
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Jin F, Wen Y, Lin G, Yu S, Wang C, Ye W, Zhang J. Design, synthesis, and analgesia evaluation of novel Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonists modified from Cannabidiol (CBD). Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 90:117379. [PMID: 37336082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Pain-relief is a long-term research hotspot with huge demand in clinical treatment. The analgesics currently used have several side effects, such as being addictive and causing gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, new drugs and targets in analgesic field are both desirable. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) plays an essential role in pain perception and regulation, providing a new strategy for the development of antinociceptive agents. Here, a series of novel TRPV1 agonists were designed and synthesized based on Cannabidiol (CBD), a widely used pain-relieving agent with weak agonistic activity on TRPV1. According to the results of systematic in vitro and in vivo biological assays, compound 10f was finally identified as a promising TRPV1 agonist, with higher target affinity, stronger analgesic activity, and weak side effect of hyperthermia. Molecular docking simulations revealed a significant hydrogen bond interaction between 10f and Arg557, an amino acid residue key to the activity of TRPV1 protein. Taken together, compound 10f can be used as a lead compound for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Jin
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuting Wen
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guoqiang Lin
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shaopeng Yu
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenbo Ye
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jiange Zhang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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13
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Garami A, Steiner AA, Pakai E, Wanner SP, Almeida MC, Keringer P, Oliveira DL, Nakamura K, Morrison SF, Romanovsky AA. The neural pathway of the hyperthermic response to antagonists of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 channel. Temperature (Austin) 2023; 10:136-154. [PMID: 37187834 PMCID: PMC10177699 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2023.2171671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We identified the neural pathway of the hyperthermic response to TRPV1 antagonists. We showed that hyperthermia induced by i.v. AMG0347, AMG 517, or AMG8163 did not occur in rats with abdominal sensory nerves desensitized by pretreatment with a low i.p. dose of resiniferatoxin (RTX, TRPV1 agonist). However, neither bilateral vagotomy nor bilateral transection of the greater splanchnic nerve attenuated AMG0347-induced hyperthermia. Yet, this hyperthermia was attenuated by bilateral high cervical transection of the spinal dorsolateral funiculus (DLF). To explain the extra-splanchnic, spinal mediation of TRPV1 antagonist-induced hyperthermia, we proposed that abdominal signals that drive this hyperthermia originate in skeletal muscles - not viscera. If so, in order to prevent TRPV1 antagonist-induced hyperthermia, the desensitization caused by i.p. RTX should spread into the abdominal-wall muscles. Indeed, we found that the local hypoperfusion response to capsaicin (TRPV1 agonist) in the abdominal-wall muscles was absent in i.p. RTX-desensitized rats. We then showed that the most upstream (lateral parabrachial, LPB) and the most downstream (rostral raphe pallidus) nuclei of the intrabrain pathway that controls autonomic cold defenses are also required for the hyperthermic response to i.v. AMG0347. Injection of muscimol (inhibitor of neuronal activity) into the LPB or injection of glycine (inhibitory neurotransmitter) into the raphe blocked the hyperthermic response to i.v. AMG0347, whereas i.v. AMG0347 increased the number of c-Fos cells in the raphe. We conclude that the neural pathway of TRPV1 antagonist-induced hyperthermia involves TRPV1-expressing sensory nerves in trunk muscles, the DLF, and the same LPB-raphe pathway that controls autonomic cold defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Garami
- Thermoregulation and Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Alexandre A. Steiner
- Thermoregulation and Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eszter Pakai
- Thermoregulation and Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Samuel P. Wanner
- Thermoregulation and Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - M. Camila Almeida
- Thermoregulation and Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Patrik Keringer
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Daniela L. Oliveira
- Thermoregulation and Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shaun F. Morrison
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andrej A. Romanovsky
- Thermoregulation and Systemic Inflammation Laboratory (FeverLab), St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Arizona, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Zharko Pharma, Inc., Olympia, WA, USA
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14
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Treede RD. Pain research in 2022: nociceptors and central sensitisation. Lancet Neurol 2023; 22:24-25. [PMID: 36517162 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00485-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany.
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15
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Rahman MM, Jo HJ, Park CK, Kim YH. Diosgenin Exerts Analgesic Effects by Antagonizing the Selective Inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 in a Mouse Model of Neuropathic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415854. [PMID: 36555495 PMCID: PMC9784430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diosgenin is a botanical steroidal saponin with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-thrombotic, anti-apoptotic, anti-depressant, and anti-nociceptive effects. However, the effects of diosgenin on anti-nociception are unclear. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) plays an important role in nociception. Therefore, we investigated whether TRPV1 antagonism mediates the anti-nociceptive effects of diosgenin. In vivo mouse experiments were performed to examine nociception-related behavior, while in vitro experiments were performed to examine calcium currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The duration of capsaicin-induced licking (pain behavior) was significantly reduced following oral and intraplantar administration of diosgenin, approaching levels observed in mice treated with the TRPV1 antagonist N-(4-tertiarybutylphenyl)-4-(3-cholorphyridin-2-yl) tetrahydropyrazine-1(2H)-carbox-amide. Additionally, oral administration of diosgenin blocked capsaicin-induced thermal hyperalgesia. Further, diosgenin reduced capsaicin-induced Ca2+ currents in a dose-dependent manner in both DRG and CHO cells. Oral administration of diosgenin also improved thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in the sciatic nerve constriction injury-induced chronic pain model by reducing the expression of TRPV1 and inflammatory cytokines in DRG cells. Collectively, our results suggest that diosgenin exerts analgesic effects via antagonism of TRPV1 and suppression of inflammation in the DRG in a mouse model of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chul-Kyu Park
- Correspondence: (C.-K.P.); (Y.H.K.); Tel.: +82-32-899-6692 (C.-K.P.); +82-32-899-6691 (Y.H.K.)
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- Correspondence: (C.-K.P.); (Y.H.K.); Tel.: +82-32-899-6692 (C.-K.P.); +82-32-899-6691 (Y.H.K.)
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