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Walter N, Rupp M, Lambert-Delgado A, Mena AEC, Hinterberger T, Loew T. Waning waves of mood: The declining trend of hospitalized patients with affective disorders in Germany. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:162-166. [PMID: 38588728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Affective disorders profoundly affect individuals' emotional well-being and quality of life. This study investigates the epidemiology of affective disorders in Germany from 2011 to 2021, focusing on incidence rates, age- and sex-standardized rates, and developmental trends. METHODS Using nationwide data of ICD-10 diagnosis codes from 2011 to 2021, this cross-sectional study analyzed inpatient cases of affective disorders in individuals aged 20 years or older. Age- and sex-standardized incidence rates were calculated based on the population size of each birth cohort in the 16 German federal states. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for 2011 to 2021 and 2019 to 2021 were compared with a two-sample z-test. RESULTS Between 2011 and 2021, F30 (manic episode) showed a decline of 42.8 % to an incidence of 4.9 per 100,000 inhabitants, even though not statistically significant (p = 0.322). F31 (bipolar affective disorder) remained relatively stable with a reduction of 15.3 % to an incidence of 13.6 per 100,000 inhabitants in 2021 (p = 0.653). F32 (depressive episode) decreased statistically significant by 25.7 % to an incidence of 64.1 per 100,000 inhabitants (p = 0.072). F33 (recurrent depressive disorder) slightly increased by 18.3 % to an incidence of 94.6 per 100,000 inhabitants (p = 0.267). No statistically significant differences were found when comparing the COVID-19 pandemic year 2021 to 2019 incidences (p ≥ 0.529). CONCLUSION The study provides valuable insights into the changing landscape of affective disorders in Germany over the past decade. The observed decline in incidence rates underscores the importance of continued efforts to promote mental health awareness and access to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nike Walter
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department for Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Rupp
- Department for Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Thilo Hinterberger
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Loew
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Nexha A, Pilz LK, Oliveira MAB, Xavier NB, Borges RB, Frey BN, Hidalgo MPL. Greater within- and between-day instability is associated with worse anxiety and depression symptoms. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:215-223. [PMID: 38582128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, and their prevalence increased during the COVID-19 pandemic as social schedules were disrupted. This study explores the associations between anxiety and depression and within- and between-day instability of affective, somatic, and cognitive symptoms during the early pandemic stages. METHODS Participants (n = 153, ages 18-77, 72 % female) reported daily levels of affective (anxiety/sadness), somatic (appetite/sleepiness), and cognitive (concentration/energy) symptoms for 14-44 days at five timepoints: 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after awakening. At the end of the study, participants completed validated scales for anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9). Symptom instability was assessed using the Absolute Real Variability (ARV) index. Regression models examined within-day instability (WD-I) and between-day instability (BD-I) with GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores as outcomes. RESULTS Greater instability (both WD-I and BD-I) of affective symptoms correlated with elevated GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. For somatic and cognitive symptoms, greater BD-I was associated with higher scores. LIMITATIONS The study used retrospective daily data, which could benefit from real-time assessments for improved accuracy. CONCLUSIONS This study provides empirical evidence of a connection between greater anxiety and depression severity and increased instability in daily mood and physiological symptoms. The findings underscore the importance of consistent symptom monitoring to understand overall mental health trajectories. Additionally, it highlights the role of daily routines in stabilizing the circadian system, potentially regulating physiological and psychological processes and reducing symptom instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adile Nexha
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
| | - Luísa K Pilz
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine CCM/CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; ECRC Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melissa A B Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nicoli B Xavier
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rogério Boff Borges
- Biostatistics Unit - Research Board (DIPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Mood Disorders Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Canada; Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Maria Paz L Hidalgo
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Patil T, Halsey E, Savona N, Radtke M, Smigiel J, Kavuru B, Sekhri A. Evaluation of Neuropsychiatric outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in a nationwide Veterans Health Administration cohort. Psychiatry Res 2024; 336:115913. [PMID: 38643518 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 have an increased risk of developing psychiatric symptoms associated with post-COVID-19 syndrome. We aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 hospitalization on neuropsychiatric healthcare utilization as well as new-onset depression and dementia. This nationwide, retrospective, observational cohort study included hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged 18 years or older across the Veterans Health Administration database from January 1st, 2020 through January 1st, 2022. The COVID-19 group consisted of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 with a positive test within seven days of the hospitalization. The control group consisted of patients hospitalized for reasons other than COVID-19 without a prior positive test or during the study duration. Propensity scores were utilized for 1:1 matching. This study included 50,805 patients in each matched cohort. Average patient population was 69 years old with ∼93 % male. The primary outcome of psychiatry-related hospitalization incidence rates were significantly higher in the COVID-19 group at both 90 days and 180 days. There was also a significant increase in the incidence outpatient mental health visits at 180 days in the COVID-19 cohort. Significantly higher risk of new-onset depression and new-onset dementia in the COVID-19 hospitalization group at 180 days as compared to the non-COVID-19 cohort was noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Patil
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Services and Education, 1970 Roanoke Blvd, Salem, VA 24153, Salem Veterans Affair Health Care System, Salem, VA, United States of America.
| | - Emily Halsey
- Department of Pharmacy, Primary Care-Mental Health Integration, Salem Veterans Affair Health Care System, Salem, VA, United States of America
| | - Natalie Savona
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacoeconomics, Salem Veterans Affair Health Care System, Salem, VA, United States of America
| | - Michelle Radtke
- Department of Pharmacy, Mental Health, Salem Veterans Affair Health Care System, Salem, VA, United States of America
| | - Joseph Smigiel
- Department of Pharmacy, Mental Health, Salem Veterans Affair Health Care System, Salem, VA, United States of America
| | - Bush Kavuru
- Department of Mental Health, Salem Veterans Affair Health Care System, Salem, VA, United States of America
| | - Anuradha Sekhri
- Department of Mental Health, Salem Veterans Affair Health Care System, Salem, VA, United States of America
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Tang Y, Kirk B, Olanrewaju F, Abildso CG, Winstanley EL, Lilly CL, Rudisill TM. Cannabis use among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Drug Alcohol Depend Rep 2024; 11:100232. [PMID: 38682152 PMCID: PMC11053264 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Background A systematic review of the literature was performed to summarize cannabis use among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Special focus was given to the prevalence of cannabis use during COVID-19, as well as factors that may explain changes in cannabis consumption patterns. Methods The protocol of this systematic review was registered. Articles from seven publication databases were searched in January 2022. The inclusion criteria for studies were as follows: 1) published in English; 2) study instruments needed to include items on COVID-19; 3) conducted after January 1st, 2020; 4) published in a peer-reviewed journal, dissertation, or thesis; 5) study population ≤25 years of age; 6) study designs were limited to observational analytical studies; 7) measured cannabis use. This review excluded other reviews, editorials, and conference abstracts that were not available as full text manuscripts. Independent review, risk of bias assessment, and data abstraction were performed by two authors. Results Fifteen articles from the United States (n=11) and Canada (n=4) were included in this review. The findings of this review showed that the prevalence of cannabis use during the pandemic among adolescents and young adults were mixed. Some mental health symptoms, including depression and anxiety, were identified as the most commonly reported reasons for increased cannabis use during the pandemic. Conclusions This review highlights the inconsistencies in the prevalence of cannabis use among adolescents and young adults during the pandemic. Therapeutic interventions for mental health and continued public health surveillance should be conducted to understand the long-term effects of cannabis use among adolescents and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuni Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Brenna Kirk
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Folawiyo Olanrewaju
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Christiaan G. Abildso
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Erin L. Winstanley
- Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christa L. Lilly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Toni M. Rudisill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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Verinumbe T, Lesko CR, Moore RD, Fojo AT, Keruly J, Snow LN, Hutton H, Chander G, Pytell JD, Falade-Nwulia O. The association of changes in depression severity after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and viral nonsuppression among people with HIV. AIDS 2024; 38:887-894. [PMID: 38170505 PMCID: PMC10997444 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to characterize changes in depressive symptom severity during the COVID-19 pandemic and the association of these changes with HIV viral nonsuppression among people with HIV (PWH). DESIGN A clinical cohort study. METHODS We included PWH in the Johns Hopkins HIV Clinical Cohort who completed the Patient Health Questionnaire 8 (PHQ-8) prepandemic (1 March 2018 to 28 February 2020) and during the COVID-era (1 September 2020 to 28 February 2022). PWH were classified according to depression severity categories prepandemic and during the COVID-era as: consistently depressed (prepandemic PHQ-8 >4 and no change in severity category); consistently nondepressed (prepandemic PHQ-8 ≤4 and no change in severity category); worsened (changed to a higher severity category) and; improved (change to a lower severity category). The association between changes in depressive symptom severity and viral nonsuppression (HIV RNA >200 copies/ml on the earliest viral load measured 7 days before to 12 months after the COVID-era PHQ-8 survey) was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Of 793 PWH, mean age was 56 (SD 10) years, 60% were male individuals and 88% were Black. After the onset of the pandemic, 60% were consistently nondepressed, 9% were consistently depressed, 15% worsened and 16% improved. PWH who worsened had 2.47 times the odds of viral nonsuppression (95% CI: 1.09-5.55) compared with the nondepressed group. Associations among other groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Worsening depression during the COVID-era was associated with HIV viral nonsuppression. Strategies to monitor and address depression among PWH may contribute to reduced risk of viral nonsuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarfa Verinumbe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Catherine R Lesko
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Richard D Moore
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anthony T Fojo
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jeanne Keruly
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - LaQuita N Snow
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Heidi Hutton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Geetanjali Chander
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jarratt D Pytell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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Azofeifa A, Liu R, Dupont H, Reissman DB. Telemedicine Trends and Lessons Learned During the COVID-19 Pandemic-World Trade Center Health Program, 2020-2021. Public Health Rep 2024; 139:301-308. [PMID: 38298086 PMCID: PMC11037234 DOI: 10.1177/00333549231223143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program, a limited federal health care program for eligible people exposed to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, expanded telemedicine services during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021). We analyzed service use trends from January 2020 through December 2021 to describe how the program implemented telemedicine services. About three-quarters (75%) of telemedicine visits were for mental health-related services. In the second quarter of 2020 (April-June), the number of telemedicine visits per 1000 members (n = 367) increased, exceeding in-person visits (n = 152) by 1.4-fold. The number of telemedicine visits per 1000 members decreased gradually during the rest of the study period but still represented 38% of total visits by the end of 2021. Changes in telemedicine visits were offset by comparable changes for in-person visits, such that the rate of total visits was essentially constant during the study period. Multivariate logistic regression models showed differences in telemedicine visit rates by member type and by demographic characteristics. Survivor members (vs responder members), those self-identified as non-Hispanic Other races (vs non-Hispanic White), those with preferred language not English (vs preferred language English), and those not living in the New York metropolitan area (vs living in the New York metropolitan area) were less likely to use telemedicine. Implementing telemedicine services in the WTC Health Program during the COVID-19 pandemic underscored the importance of extensive collaboration among partners, the capacity to rapidly develop necessary technical guidance, and the flexibility to address frequent regulatory guidance updates in a timely fashion. These lessons learned may guide similar health care providers posed with time-sensitive disruptions of in-person services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Azofeifa
- World Trade Center Health Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ruiling Liu
- World Trade Center Health Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hannah Dupont
- World Trade Center Health Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dori B. Reissman
- World Trade Center Health Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, DC, USA
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Kemp JM, Taylor VH, Kanagasabai T. Access to healthcare and depression severity in vulnerable groups the US: NHANES 2013-2018. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:473-478. [PMID: 38401808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Access to healthcare is essential for managing chronic diseases, yet it often poses a barrier, contributing to a significant burden of conditions like depression. This study aimed to investigate the association between healthcare access and depression severity in contemporary free-living adults in the US, with a focus on identifying vulnerable populations. METHOD Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2013-2018 were utilized, involving 13,689 participants aged 20 years or older. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression models were conducted, adjusting for various confounding variables. RESULTS Approximately 17 % of US adults lacked access to healthcare, while 24 % experienced varying levels of depression severity, with 8 % having moderate-to-severe depression. More males faced challenges accessing healthcare, while more females reported diverse levels of depression. Both healthcare access and depression severity were associated with low educational attainment, low familial income, lacking spousal support, lacking health insurance coverage, and worse self-reported overall health. We found a higher vulnerability to moderate-to-severe depression among females (OR (95 % CI): 1.20 (0.91, 1.59)), individuals identifying as the Other ethnic group (1.69 (1.02, 2.79)), and those living without a spouse (1.57 (1.10, 2.26)). LIMITATIONS Our cross-sectional study cannot establish causality, and potential biases related to self-reported data exist. CONCLUSIONS Access to healthcare emerged as a crucial predictor of moderate-to-severe depression among females, individuals of the Other ethnic group, and those without a spouse. Longitudinal research is needed to confirm and enhance our understanding of factors that shape the relationship between healthcare access and depression in free-living US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Kemp
- Department of Public Health, St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, USA
| | - Valerie H Taylor
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Chen S, Cárdenas D, Zhou H, Reynolds KJ. Positive school climate and strong school identification as protective factors of adolescent mental health and learning engagement: A longitudinal investigation before and during COVID-19. Soc Sci Med 2024; 348:116795. [PMID: 38608480 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant disruptions for children and youth around the world, especially given school closures and shifts in teaching modes (on-line and hybrid). However, the impact of these disruptions remains unclear given data limitations such as a reliance on cross-sectional and/or short-interval surveys as well as a lack of broad indicators of key outcomes of interest. The current research employs a quasi-experimental design by using an Australian four-year longitudinal survey with student responses from Grade 7 to 10 (aged 12-15 years old) (N = 8,735 from 20 schools) in one education jurisdiction. Responses are available pre-pandemic (2018 and 2019) and during the pandemic (2020 and 2021). Importantly the survey included measures of well-being, mental health and learning engagement as well as potential known school-environment factors that could buffer against adversity: school climate and school identification. The findings were generally in line with key hypotheses; 1) during COVID-19 students' learning engagement and well-being significantly declined and 2) students with more positive school climate or stronger school identification pre-COVID-19 fared better through the disruption of the pandemic. However, these same students suffered from a steeper decline in well-being and engagement which may be explained through the impact of losing meaningful social or group connections. This decline was evident after controlling for gender, academic grade (as a proxy of age), parental education, and socioeconomic status. It is concluded that investing in the social environment of schools is important in crisis preparedness and can facilitate better crisis response among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Research School of Psychology and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Diana Cárdenas
- Research School of Psychology and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Haochen Zhou
- Research School of Psychology and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Katherine J Reynolds
- Research School of Psychology and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Faculty of Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Ryan SC, Sugg MM, Runkle JD, Wertis L, Singh D, Green S. Short-term changes in mental health help-seeking behaviors following exposure to multiple social stressors and a natural disaster. Soc Sci Med 2024; 348:116843. [PMID: 38603916 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In 2020, unprecedented circumstances led to significant mental health consequences. Individuals faced mental health stressors that extended beyond the devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including widespread social unrest following the murder of George Floyd, an intense hurricane season in the Atlantic, and the politically divisive 2020 election. The objective of this analysis was to consider changes in help-seeking behavior following exposure to multiple social stressors and a natural disaster. Data from Crisis Text Line (CTL), a national text-based mental health crisis counseling service, was used to determine how help-seeking behavior changed in the wake of each event. Wilcoxon rank sum tests assessed changes in help-seeking behavior for each event in 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019. AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models examined if changes in crisis conversation volumes following each event differed. Higher median conversation volumes noted for the COVID-19 pandemic (+1 to +5 conversations), Hurricane Laura (+1 to +7 conversations) and the 2020 Election (+1 to +26 conversations). ARIMA models show substantial increases in help-seeking behavior following the declaration of a national emergency for the COVID-19 pandemic (+4.3 to +38.2%) and following the 2020 election (+3 to +24.44%). Our analysis found that the mental health response following social stressors may be distinct from natural events, especially when natural disasters occur in the context of multiple social stressors. This analysis adds to the growing body of literature considering the mental health impact of exposure to multiple co-occurring societal stressors, like police violence and a global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia C Ryan
- Department of Geography and Planning, Appalachian State University, Boone NC, 28607, USA.
| | - Margaret M Sugg
- Department of Geography and Planning, Appalachian State University, Boone NC, 28607, USA
| | - Jennifer D Runkle
- North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh NC, 27695, USA
| | - Luke Wertis
- Department of Geography and Planning, Appalachian State University, Boone NC, 28607, USA
| | - Devyani Singh
- Data Team, Crisis Text Line, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Shannon Green
- Data Team, Crisis Text Line, New York City, New York, USA
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Abell K, Sit DK, Wisner KL. Depression in Persons With Epilepsy: Lessons From Case Review. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2024; 44:272-277. [PMID: 38684049 DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0000000000001848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is highly prevalent among persons with epilepsy (PWEs). Between 30% and 50% of PWEs suffer from depression. Many factors contribute to this prevalence, including the psychosocial impact of the diagnosis, restrictions on driving and certain types of work, and adverse effects associated with antiseizure medications. Without proper treatment, depressed PWEs have increased risks for suicide, strained relationships, lowered seizure control, and impairment in functioning. Our objective was to use the existing literature and insights from our experience in treating depression and anxiety in PWEs within an academic mood disorders center. We aimed to provide practical guidance for health care professionals who treat depression in this population. METHODS Persons with epilepsy and depression were identified by their treating psychiatrists. Their electronic health records were reviewed and compiled for this report, with a total of 12 included in this review. Records were reviewed regarding antiseizure medications, psychotropic medications, light therapy, psychotherapy, other interventions, and treatment response. RESULTS Based on our review of literature, as well as review of cases of individuals with epilepsy and comorbid psychiatric conditions, we recommend a step-wise evidence-based approach of optimizing psychiatric medication doses, augmenting with additional medication and/or implementing nonpharmacological interventions such as light therapy and psychotherapy. CONCLUSIONS In PWEs, improvement in depression, other psychiatric symptoms, and function are the goals of drug and nondrug interventions. Depression care has the potential to significantly improve the quality of life of PWEs and reduce both morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Abell
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Dorothy K Sit
- Asher Center for the Study and Treatment of Depressive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Katherine L Wisner
- Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
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Fermin ASR, Sasaoka T, Maekawa T, Ono K, Chan HL, Yamawaki S. Insula-cortico-subcortical networks predict interoceptive awareness and stress resilience. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 95:103991. [PMID: 38484483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.103991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interoception, the neural sensing of visceral signals, and interoceptive awareness (IA), the conscious perception of interoception, are crucial for life survival functions and mental health. Resilience, the capacity to overcome adversity, has been associated with reduced interoceptive disturbances. Here, we sought evidence for our Insula Modular Active Control (IMAC) model that suggest that the insula, a brain region specialized in the processing of interoceptive information, realizes IA and contributes to resilience and mental health via cortico-subcortical connections. METHODS 64 healthy participants (32 females; ages 18-34 years) answered questionnaires that assess IA and resilience. Mental health was evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory II that assesses depressive mood. Participants also underwent a 15 minute resting-state functional resonance imaging session. Pearson correlations and mediation analyses were used to investigate the relationship between IA and resilience and their contributions to depressive mood. We then performed insula seed-based functional connectivity analyzes to identify insula networks involved in IA, resilience and depressive mood. RESULTS We first demonstrated that resilience mediates the relationship between IA and depressive mood. Second, shared and distinct intra-insula, insula-cortical and insula-subcortical networks were associated with IA, resilience and also predicted the degree of experienced depressive mood. Third, while resilience was associated with stronger insula-precuneus, insula-cerebellum and insula-prefrontal networks, IA was linked with stronger intra-insula, insula-striatum and insula-motor networks. CONCLUSIONS Our findings help understand the roles of insula-cortico-subcortical networks in IA and resilience. These results also highlight the potential use of insula networks as biomarkers for depression prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan S R Fermin
- Center for Brain, Mind and Kansei Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Sasaoka
- Center for Brain, Mind and Kansei Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toru Maekawa
- Center for Brain, Mind and Kansei Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Center for Brain, Mind and Kansei Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hui-Ling Chan
- Center for Brain, Mind and Kansei Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shigeto Yamawaki
- Center for Brain, Mind and Kansei Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Soliman PS, Curley DE, Capone C, Eaton E, Haass-Koffler CL. In the new era of psychedelic assisted therapy: A systematic review of study methodology in randomized controlled trials. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06598-6. [PMID: 38683460 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent years have seen a resurgence in randomized, placebo controlled trials (RCTs) utilizing non-classical psychedelics (e.g. 3,4-methyl enedioxy methamphetamine [MDMA]), and classical psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], and N,N-dimethyltryptamine [DMT/ayahuasca]) in conjunction with assisted therapy (AT) for psychiatric disorders. A notable methodological challenge in psychedelic AT, however, is the complexity of blinding procedures. The lack of efficacious blinding can introduce considerable response bias, reduce internal validity, and compromise participant retention. This systematic review examines design and blinding techniques in RCTs utilizing psychedelics and placebo for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The aim of this work is to identify factors that may inform future RTC design for conducting psychedelics research. We conducted a systematic review of PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Psycinfo, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection to examine: (1) placebo selection, (2) study design, and (3) integrity of blinding measures. Sixteen publications were identified as meeting the criteria for a systematic review. Our findings suggest that traditional placebo administration is insufficient to control for expectancy confounds. Consequently, experimental methodology that limits personnel unblinding and the use of an active placebo are important considerations when designing prospective clinical studies involving psychedelics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Soliman
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Dallece E Curley
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Christy Capone
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Providence Veteran Administration Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Erica Eaton
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Providence Veteran Administration Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Carolina L Haass-Koffler
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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Chan JK, Marzuki AA, Vafa S, Thanaraju A, Yap J, Chan XW, Harris HA, Todi K, Schaefer A. A systematic review on the relationship between socioeconomic conditions and emotional disorder symptoms during Covid-19: unearthing the potential role of economic concerns and financial strain. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:237. [PMID: 38671542 PMCID: PMC11046828 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Covid-19 has disrupted the lives of many and resulted in high prevalence rates of mental disorders. Despite a vast amount of research into the social determinants of mental health during Covid-19, little is known about whether the results are consistent with the social gradient in mental health. Here we report a systematic review of studies that investigated how socioeconomic condition (SEC)-a multifaceted construct that measures a person's socioeconomic standing in society, using indicators such as education and income, predicts emotional health (depression and anxiety) risk during the pandemic. Furthermore, we examined which classes of SEC indicators would best predict symptoms of emotional disorders. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted search over six databases, including Scopus, PubMed, etc., between November 4, 2021 and November 11, 2021 for studies that investigated how SEC indicators predict emotional health risks during Covid-19, after obtaining approval from PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021288508). Using Covidence as the platform, 362 articles (324 cross-sectional/repeated cross-sectional and 38 longitudinal) were included in this review according to the eligibility criteria. We categorized SEC indicators into 'actual versus perceived' and 'static versus fluid' classes to explore their differential effects on emotional health. RESULTS Out of the 1479 SEC indicators used in these 362 studies, our results showed that 43.68% of the SEC indicators showed 'expected' results (i.e., higher SEC predicting better emotional health outcomes); 51.86% reported non-significant results and 4.46% reported the reverse. Economic concerns (67.16% expected results) and financial strains (64.16%) emerged as the best predictors while education (26.85%) and living conditions (30.14%) were the worst. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes how different SEC indicators influenced emotional health risks across 98 countries, with a total of 5,677,007 participants, ranging from high to low-income countries. Our findings showed that not all SEC indicators were strongly predictive of emotional health risks. In fact, over half of the SEC indicators studied showed a null effect. We found that perceived and fluid SEC indicators, particularly economic concerns and financial strain could best predict depressive and anxiety symptoms. These findings have implications for policymakers to further understand how different SEC classes affect mental health during a pandemic in order to tackle associated social issues effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Kei Chan
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Sunway University Malaysia, Room: 4-4-11, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Aleya A Marzuki
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Samira Vafa
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Arjun Thanaraju
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Jie Yap
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Xiou Wen Chan
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hanis Atasha Harris
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Khushi Todi
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Alexandre Schaefer
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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WANG J, HU L, ZHANG T, LIU J, YU C, ZHAO N, QI J, LIU L. Prevalence and predictors of prenatal depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multistage observational study in Beijing, China. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298314. [PMID: 38662750 PMCID: PMC11045078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While growing psychological health issues among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic have been clearly validated, most research was conducted in countries with relatively lax quarantine measures. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of prenatal depression among pre-, peak-, and post-COVID-19 in Beijing, the region with a stringent response policy in China. We also explore predictors of prenatal depression throughout the outbreak. METHODS We investigated prenatal depression among 742 pregnant women who received antenatal checkups in Beijing from March 28, 2019 to May 07, 2021 using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and associative demographic, pregnancy-related, and psychosocial characteristics were measured. The phase was divided into pre-, peak-, and post-COVID-19 in light of the trajectory of COVID-19. Pearson's Chi-square test was used after the examination of confounders homogeneity. The bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was conducted to explore predictors. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of prenatal depression was 11.9% throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Rates at different phases were 10.6%, 15.2%, and 11.1% respectively and no significant difference was observed. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that history of mental illness, number of boy-preference from both pregnant women and husband's family, social support, occupation, and living space were independent predictors of prenatal depression in Beijing. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that the impact of this pandemic on prenatal depression in Beijing appears to be not significant, which will strengthen confidence in adhering to current policy for decision-makers and provide important guidance for the development of major outbreak control and management policies in the future. Our findings may also provide a more efficient measure to identify high-risk pregnant women for professionals and help raise gender equity awareness of pregnant women and their husbands' families. Future studies should focus on the value of targeted care and family relations on the mental health of pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin WANG
- Institution of Hospital Management, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Aviation Psychology, Air Force Medical Center, Air Force Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Libin HU
- Institution of Hospital Management, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi ZHANG
- Institution of Hospital Management, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia LIU
- Department of Aviation Psychology, Air Force Medical Center, Air Force Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan YU
- Department of Aviation Psychology, Air Force Medical Center, Air Force Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ningxin ZHAO
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlin QI
- Department of Aviation Psychology, Air Force Medical Center, Air Force Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua LIU
- Institution of Hospital Management, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Ormiston CK, Strassle PD, Boyd E, Williams F. Discrimination is associated with depression, anxiety, and loneliness symptoms among Asian and Pacific Islander adults during COVID-19 Pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9417. [PMID: 38658790 PMCID: PMC11043456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59543-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In the United States, Asian and Pacific Islander (A/PI) communities have faced significant discrimination and stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed the association between discrimination and depression, anxiety, and loneliness symptoms among Asian or Pacific Islander adults (n = 543) using data from a 116-item nationally distributed online survey of adults (≥ 18 years old) in the United States conducted between 5/2021-1/2022. Discrimination was assessed using the 5-item Everyday Discrimination Scale. Anxiety, depression, and loneliness symptoms were assessed using the 2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and UCLA Loneliness Scale-Short form, respectively. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association between discrimination and mental health. Overall, 42.7% of participants reported experiencing discrimination once a month or more. Compared with no discrimination, experiencing discrimination once a month was associated with increased odds of anxiety (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.38-4.77), depression (aOR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.46-4.56), and loneliness (aOR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.75-4.67). Experiencing discrimination once a week or more was associated with even higher odds of anxiety (aOR = 6.90, 95% CI = 3.71-12.83), depression, (aOR = 6.96, 95% CI = 3.80-12.74), and loneliness (aOR = 6.91, 95% CI = 3.38-13.00). Discrimination is detrimental to mental health, even at relatively low frequencies; however, more frequent discrimination was associated with worse mental health symptoms. Public health interventions and programs targeting anti-A/PI hate and reducing A/PI mental health burden are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron K Ormiston
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paula D Strassle
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Eric Boyd
- Information Management Services, Inc., Calverton, MD, USA
| | - Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA.
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Murillo J, Garcia B, Regan A. Social Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Women's Health in the Greater Los Angeles Area. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2024. [PMID: 38647552 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2023.0697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Since the COVID-19 pandemic started, women have experienced more job loss owing to an increase in household and caregiving responsibilities. Gender inequities coupled with pandemic-related stressors have resulted in poor health outcomes among women. Globally, women have reported higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress in response to the pandemic. Evidence suggests that social determinants of health have contributed to women's poor health outcomes. Materials and Methods: We used the Understanding America Study to describe the social impacts women have experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic when compared with men and to explore the association between partnership status and social impacts in Los Angeles. We hypothesize that women experienced greater social impacts than men and that partnership status modified these social impacts. Results: In a sample of predominantly racial and ethnic minorities, we found that women experienced more social impacts related to housing insecurity compared with men. When exploring how partnership status modified these social impacts, we found that women without partners experienced more social impacts specific to financial hardships when compared with women who were in a partnership. Conclusions: It is likely that the COVID-19 relief efforts helped women mitigate social impacts but not housing or financial security. The overall goal is to inform policies so that better measures can be implemented to prepare for the next public health disaster or global health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovita Murillo
- School of Public Health & Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, San Francisco California, USA
| | - Blanca Garcia
- School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, San Francisco California, USA
| | - Annette Regan
- School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, San Francisco California, USA
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles California, USA
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17
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Fleming CE, Rose AL, Franzese AT, Weaver M. Longitudinal changes in depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of COVID-related factors. J Clin Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38635345 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is an investigation of five specific COVID-related stressors and their longitudinal impact on adult depression and anxiety. METHOD A total of 592 adults comprised the initial sample at Time 1 in April/May 2020. Follow-ups were conducted about a month later, again in March 2021 and then in March 2022. RESULTS Applied linear mixed effect models showed a significant decrease in mean depression scores and anxiety scores from Time 1 to both Times 3 and 4. Neither change over time in anxiety or depression were found to be related to COVID diagnosis, COVID hospitalization, or COVID death. Self-quarantine was related to changes over time in both depression and anxiety, and household quarantine was related to changes over time in depression. CONCLUSION While the fallout of the pandemic continues, it is important to understand how these factors may be affecting mental health to better understand where intervention is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abbey L Rose
- Department of Psychology, Elon University, Elon, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexis T Franzese
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Elon Univerity, Elon, NC, USA
| | - Mark Weaver
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Elon University, Elon, NC, USA
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18
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Son HE, Hong YS, Son H. Association between Changes in Daily Life Due to COVID-19 and Depressive Symptoms in South Korea. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:840. [PMID: 38667602 PMCID: PMC11050245 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12080840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine changes in daily life due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among younger (≤64 years) and older (≥65 years) individuals and to analyze their association with depressive symptoms. Raw data from the 2020 Korean Community Health Survey were used to analyze 228,485 individuals. Changes in daily life due to COVID-19 were measured using a questionnaire that evaluated changes in physical activity, sleep duration, instant food intake, and drinking and smoking status. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 scale, and logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between the two variables. This study confirmed a significant association between the two variables and found that the intake of instant food showed the largest difference in odds ratios between the younger (OR: 1.851; 95% CI: 1.720-1.992) and older groups (OR: 1.239; 95% CI: 1.060-1.447). A major finding of this study is that the analysis of the association between the two variables revealed a stronger correlation in more variables in the younger population compared to the older population. To address COVID-19-related depression and prepare for potential mental health crises, countries should expand response measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyunjin Son
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea; (H.-E.S.); (Y.-S.H.)
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19
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Wang S, Rossheim ME, Nandy RR, Nguyen US. Interaction between sleep duration and trouble sleeping on depressive symptoms among U.S. adults, NHANES 2015-2018. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:285-292. [PMID: 38302062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to examine the associations and interaction effects of sleep duration and trouble sleeping on depressive symptoms among U.S. adults. METHODS National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2015 to 2018 were analyzed (N = 10,044). Trouble sleeping and sleep duration were self-reported. Sleep duration was defined as short (≤6 h) or long (≥9 h), compared with normal (>6 and < 9 h). Depressive symptoms were determined by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ≥ 10. Both multiplicative interaction and additive interaction were reported. RESULTS There was a significant positive additive interaction between short sleep duration and trouble sleeping on depressive symptoms in the fully adjusted model (Relative excess risk due to interaction, RERIOR = 4.42, 95 % CI: 1.12, 7.73), with 43 % of the association with depressive symptoms attributed to the interaction (attributable proportion of interaction, AP = 0.43, 95 % CI: 0.22, 0.64). Similarly, a significant positive additive interaction between long sleep duration and trouble sleeping on depressive symptoms was found (RERIOR = 4.17, 95 % CI: 0.96, 7.38), with 41 % of the association with depressive symptoms attributed to the interaction (AP = 0.41, 95 % CI: 0.21, 0.60). No multiplicative interaction was detected between short or long sleep duration and trouble sleeping. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design limits the ability to draw causal inferences. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that different aspects of sleep health interact synergistically, accounting for a substantial portion of the association with depressive symptoms. This underscores the importance of simultaneously considering multiple dimensions of sleep health in relation to depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Department of Population & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
| | - Matthew E Rossheim
- Department of Health Administration & Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Rajesh R Nandy
- Department of Population & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Uyen-Sa Nguyen
- Department of Population & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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Moon MH, Choi MH. Association between household income and mental health among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea: Insights from a community health survey. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0289230. [PMID: 38603729 PMCID: PMC11008867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
People of low socioeconomic status are vulnerable to health problems during disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Using data from the 2019 and 2021 Korea Community Health Survey, this study analyzed the associations between Korean adults' mental health and their national and regional-level household incomes during the pandemic. The prevalence of perceived stress and depression experience for each risk factor category was calculated through univariate analyses. A multivariate logistic regression analysis helped identify the association between two types of income levels (national or regional) and perceived stress and experience of depression. Additionally, we investigated the effect of income levels by subgroup (gender and residential area) on perceived stress and the experience of depression. During the pandemic, the crude prevalence of an experience of depression was higher (6.24% to 7.2%) but that of perceived stress remained unchanged. Regarding regional-income based mental health disparities, even after adjusting for each independent variable, perceived stress (2019 odds ratio (OR): 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.26-1.27, 2021 OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.32-1.32) and experience of depression (2019 OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.55-1.56, 2021 OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.63-1.64) increased as the income level decreased. The perceived stress based on the two income levels was higher in women than in men. For both income levels, the experience of depression of women was higher than that of men before COVID-19 and vice versa during the COVID-19 period. National income had a more pronounced effect on mental health in urban areas than in rural areas. Contrarily, the effect of regional income level on mental health was not consistent across residential areas (urban and rural areas). Our findings demonstrated that mental health disparities based on income level were more likely to occur during the COVID-19 pandemic and are better reflected through disparities in regional income levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hui Moon
- Department of Preventive and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Medical College, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Office of Public Healthcare Service, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyeok Choi
- Department of Preventive and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Medical College, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Office of Public Healthcare Service, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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Razgulin J, Argustaitė-Zailskienė G, Petrolienė R, Šmigelskas K. Sociocultural adjustment and social support as predictors for international medical sciences students' anxiety during COVID-19. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24:395. [PMID: 38600508 PMCID: PMC11007940 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of anxiety is high among international medical sciences students and it increased even more during the COVID-19 pandemic due to different restrictions and social isolation. Successful sociocultural adjustment and social support could be important factors in overcoming those challenges, however, there is a lack of studies which would investigate the role of those factors among inter- national medical students. This study aimed to assess the role of sociocultural adjustment and social support as predictors for international medical students' anxiety during COVID-19. METHODS Two measurements were conducted via self-reported questionnaires which consisted of three scales - SCAS, MSPSS and GAD-7. In total, 82 international medical students participated in both measurements in this longitudinal study. RESULTS The findings indicated that 37% of international students had symptoms of moderate or severe anxiety during their first year of studies at university. In the second year, during the COVID-19 pandemic and an official lockdown, 35% of international students had symptoms of moderate or severe anxiety. In addition, this study showed that gender and sociocultural adjustment did not play a role as predictors of students' anxiety during the second year of studies. However, this study revealed that social support provided by family during the first year of studies, as well as having friends or family members who had been ill with COVID-19 predicted higher levels of anxiety at second measurement, while sociocultural adjustment was an even stronger predictor of anxiety in the second year of studies of international medical students. CONCLUSIONS This knowledge can help to better understand how international medical students felt during the COVID-19 pandemic and what role the above- mentioned factors played in the students' anxiety. As the anxiety level is quite high among international medical students, universities and mental health service providers should take it into consideration and help them to overcome those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jevgenij Razgulin
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės g. 18, LT47181, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Gita Argustaitė-Zailskienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės g. 18, LT47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Raimonda Petrolienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės g. 18, LT47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kastytis Šmigelskas
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės g. 18, LT47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
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22
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Sung S, Kim SH, Kim Y, Bae YS, Chie EK. Exploring depressive symptom trajectories in COVID-19 patients with clinically mild condition in South Korea using remote patient monitoring: longitudinal data analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1265848. [PMID: 38660352 PMCID: PMC11039781 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1265848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Korean government temporarily allowed full scale telehealth care for safety and usability. However, limited studies have evaluated the impact of telehealth by analyzing the physical and/or mental health data of patients with COVID-19 diagnosis collected through telehealth targeting Korean population. Objective This study aimed to identify subgroup of depressive symptom trajectories in patients with clinically mild COVID-19 using collected longitudinal data from a telehealth-based contactless clinical trial. Methods A total of 199 patients with COVID-19 were accrued for contactless clinical trial using telehealth from March 23 to July 20, 2022. Depressive symptoms were measured using the patient health questionnaire-9 on the start day of quarantine, on the final day of quarantine, and 1 month after release from quarantine. Additionally, acute COVID-19 symptoms were assessed every day during quarantine. This study used a latent class mixed model to differentiate subgroups of depressive symptom trajectories and a logistic regression model with Firth's correction to identify associations between acute COVID-19 symptoms and the subgroups. Results Two latent classes were identified: class 1 with declining linearity at a slow rate and class 2 with increasing linearity. Among COVID-19 symptoms, fever, chest pain, and brain fog 1 month after release from quarantine showed strong associations with class 2 (fever: OR, 19.43, 95% CI, 2.30-165.42; chest pain: OR, 6.55, 95% CI, 1.15-34.61; brain fog: OR, 7.03, 95% CI 2.57-20.95). Sleeping difficulty and gastrointestinal symptoms were also associated with class 2 (gastrointestinal symptoms: OR, 4.76, 95% CI, 1.71-14.21; sleeping difficulty: OR, 3.12, 95% CI, 1.71-14.21). Conclusion These findings emphasize the need for the early detection of depressive symptoms in patients in the acute phase of COVID-19 using telemedicine. Active intervention, including digital therapeutics, may help patients with aggravated depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumi Sung
- Department of Nursing Science, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hwan Kim
- Department of Information Statistics, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Youlim Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Seul Bae
- Division of Healthcare Planning, Bigdata Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Kyu Chie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Gonçalves Tasca B, Bousmah MAQ, Coulibaly K, Gosselin A, Ravalihasy A, Desgrées du Loû A, Melchior M. Depression and loneliness among Sub-Saharan immigrants living in the greater Paris area: results from the MAKASI empowerment stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024:10.1007/s00127-024-02665-7. [PMID: 38584200 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02665-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The MAKASI intervention aimed to empower Sub-Saharan African immigrants living in precarious situations in the Paris metropolitan area. Because there are factors specifically related to immigration that may increase the risk for common mental disorders, the present study aimed to examine participants' levels of depression and loneliness and analyze the effect of the intervention on depression and loneliness. METHODS The MAKASI study was designed as a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial. Study participants were recruited through an outreach program led by a nongovernmental organization and randomly assigned to two clusters, with an intervention delay of 3 months between them. Participants were assessed for 6 months after inclusion and the effect of the intervention on depression and loneliness was assessed using generalized linear mixed models. The study was conducted from 2018 to 2021 and took in consideration whether being interviewed during one of the Covid-19 confinement had an effect on the results. RESULTS Between 2018 and 2021 a total of 821 subjects participated in the Makasi study. High levels of depression and loneliness were found in the study population. We found no effect of the intervention on depression [95% CI 0.77 to 2.40]. Similarly, no effect of the intervention was found on loneliness [95% CI 0.87 to 2.54]. CONCLUSIONS The intervention tested did not appear to improve the level of depression and loneliness among participants. However, the high prevalence of mental and emotional problems in the study population suggests a public health crisis among immigrants in the greater Paris area. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04468724 (July 13, 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Gonçalves Tasca
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie Et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale (ERES), Paris, France.
| | - Marwân-Al-Qays Bousmah
- Université Paris Cité, IRD, Inserm, Ceped, 75006, Paris, France
- CNRS, French Collaborative Institute On Migrations, Aubervilliers, France
- IRD, UMR LEDa-DIAL, PSL, Université Paris-Dauphine, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Karna Coulibaly
- Université Paris Cité, IRD, Inserm, Ceped, 75006, Paris, France
- CNRS, French Collaborative Institute On Migrations, Aubervilliers, France
| | - Anne Gosselin
- Université Paris Cité, IRD, Inserm, Ceped, 75006, Paris, France
- CNRS, French Collaborative Institute On Migrations, Aubervilliers, France
- Ined, National Institute for Demographic Studies, Aubervilliers, France
| | - Andrainolo Ravalihasy
- Université Paris Cité, IRD, Inserm, Ceped, 75006, Paris, France
- CNRS, French Collaborative Institute On Migrations, Aubervilliers, France
| | - Annabel Desgrées du Loû
- Université Paris Cité, IRD, Inserm, Ceped, 75006, Paris, France
- CNRS, French Collaborative Institute On Migrations, Aubervilliers, France
| | - Maria Melchior
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie Et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale (ERES), Paris, France
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24
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Zhang S, Wang T, Zhang L, Wei Y, Jian W, Guo J. Relationship between social inequality perception patterns and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults: A national representative longitudinal study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024:207640241243280. [PMID: 38570908 DOI: 10.1177/00207640241243280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising prevalence of depressive symptoms presents a pressing global public health concern, exacerbated by prevailing social inequality. AIM This study seeks to identify latent profiles of social inequality perception and explore their associations with depressive symptoms. METHODS Data were obtained from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) involving 10,529 residents aged 18 years and above. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify different patterns of social inequality perception. Multiple linear regression analysis examined the links between these patterns and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Three distinct patterns of social inequality perception were identified: the disappointed pattern (TDP), the neutral pattern (TNP), and the positive pattern (TPP). Perceived social inequality was significantly associated with short-term and long-term depressive symptoms (β = .51, 95% CI [0.29, 0.72] vs. β = .51, 95% CI [0.27, 0.74]). Increases in social inequality perception patterns were also related to more severe depressive symptoms (β = .55, 95% CI [0.36, 0.74]). CONCLUSIONS Increasing perceived social inequality is closely linked to elevated depressive symptoms in Chinese adults. This underscores the need for tailored strategies aimed at addressing heightened perceptions of social inequality to reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouchuang Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yuehui Wei
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Weiyan Jian
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
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25
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Bond GR, Al-Abdulmunem M, Ressler DR, Drake RE. Mental Health Impact of COVID Pandemic on Veterans Transitioning from Military. J Behav Health Serv Res 2024; 51:275-288. [PMID: 38133794 PMCID: PMC10940484 DOI: 10.1007/s11414-023-09869-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gary R Bond
- Social Policy and Economics Research, Westat, Inc., New Hampshire Office, Wheeler Professional Park, 1 Oak Ridge Road, Building 3, Second Floor, Suite 2 West, West Lebanon, NH, 03784, USA.
| | - Monirah Al-Abdulmunem
- Social Policy and Economics Research, Westat, Inc., New Hampshire Office, Wheeler Professional Park, 1 Oak Ridge Road, Building 3, Second Floor, Suite 2 West, West Lebanon, NH, 03784, USA
| | - Daniel R Ressler
- Social Policy and Economics Research, Westat, Inc., New Hampshire Office, Wheeler Professional Park, 1 Oak Ridge Road, Building 3, Second Floor, Suite 2 West, West Lebanon, NH, 03784, USA
| | - Robert E Drake
- Social Policy and Economics Research, Westat, Inc., New Hampshire Office, Wheeler Professional Park, 1 Oak Ridge Road, Building 3, Second Floor, Suite 2 West, West Lebanon, NH, 03784, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Sutherland-Foggio MS, Stanek CJ, Buff K, Nahata L, Foster-Akard T, Gerhardt CA, Skeens MA. The experiences of families of children with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative exploration. Palliat Support Care 2024; 22:281-288. [PMID: 37559193 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951523001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic posed new challenges to physical and psychological well-being. Families with pediatric cancer patients were particularly vulnerable due to changes like children staying at home, hospital policy shifts, and caring for an immunocompromised child. Limited research exists on COVID-19's effects on these families. This study aimed to assess the pandemic's impact and identify psychosocial support gaps. METHODS Participants (N = 256) were parents of children with cancer recruited via Facebook in partnership with Momcology®, a community-based organization for pediatric cancer, between February and May 2021. Qualitative analyses used open-ended responses about the pandemic's impact on the family. RESULTS Analysis revealed 6 themes, with positive and negative sentiments: family changes (n = 169; 61% negative), social isolation (n = 154; 100% negative), emotional impact (n = 143; 89% negative), school changes (n = 126; 80% negative), health-care changes (n = 111; 96% negative), and physical health (n = 49; 73% negative). Family changes overarched all themes and included financial strains, at-home schooling, and family bonding. Parents highlighted social isolation and the emotional impact of pandemic-related changes. School changes forced parents to balance remote-work and childcare. Health-care changes limited resources and visitation. Parents reported their children were less active and slept less but had fewer illnesses. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Many common pandemic challenges were exacerbated by the stress of caring for a child with cancer. Parents struggled most with loss of social support and feelings of isolation. Careful consideration should be given to providing resources for parents of children with cancer and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm S Sutherland-Foggio
- The Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Charis J Stanek
- The Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Leena Nahata
- The Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Cynthia A Gerhardt
- The Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Micah A Skeens
- The Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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27
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Falbová D, Kovalčíková V, Beňuš R, Sulis S, Vorobeľová L. Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle and bone mineral density in young adults. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24009. [PMID: 37990761 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates the relationships between the COVID-19 pandemic, lifestyle factors, and their impact on bone mineral density in the radius forearm bone and the total bone mineral content in young adults from Slovakia. METHODS We assessed 773 Slovak young adults aged 18 to 30 years, divided into subgroups on their pandemic status. Bone mineral density (BMD) was analyzed by the QUS device (Sunlight MiniOmni™), and bone mineral content (BMC) and fat mass (FM) were measured by InBody 770 bioimpedance analyzer. Finally, linear regression analysis tested the associations. RESULTS Statistically significant lower speed of sound (SOS) along the length of the forearm radius bone and Z-score values was determined in participants during the COVID-19 pandemic than before it, and statistically significant lower BMC values were observed in the male group during COVID-19 than beforehand. Regression analysis confirmed the negative pandemic effect in the following indices: SOS (p < .001 for women and p = .035 for men), Z-score (p < .001 for women and p = .003 for men), and BMC (p = .024 for men). Vitamin D was a further significant SOS predictor in women at p = .029, but this association was not detected in men. In contrast, the significant male BMC predictors were pandemic presence (p = .028), physical activity (p = .028), and fat mass percentage (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS Significant COVID-19 pandemic effects on bone tissue were determined on bone mass density in the radius forearm bone and the total bone mineral content. These effects establish that the pandemic had a negative impact on both their bone quality and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Falbová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viktória Kovalčíková
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radoslav Beňuš
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Simona Sulis
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Vorobeľová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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28
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Abdalla SM, Koya SF, Rosenberg SB, Stovall IB, Biermann O, Zeinali Z, Cohen GH, Ettman CK, Galea S. Pandemic stressors and mental health indicators in eight countries. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:585-598. [PMID: 37587229 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02541-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Covid-19 pandemic has exacted a significant physical, financial, social, and emotional toll on populations throughout the world. This study aimed to document the association between pandemic stressors and mental health during the pandemic across countries that differ in cultural, geographic, economic, and demographic factors. METHODS We administered an online survey randomly in Brazil, China, Germany, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, and the United States from September 2020 to November 2020. This survey included questions on Covid-19-related stressors as well as the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and the Primary Care PTSD Checklist to screen for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, respectively. We performed bivariable and multivariable regression analyses to assess the prevalence and odds ratios of overall depression symptoms and probable PTSD and in relation to stressors across countries. RESULTS Among 8754 respondents, 28.9% (95% CI 27.5-30.0%) experienced depression symptoms, and 5.1% (95% CI 4.5-6.0%) experienced probable PTSD. The highest prevalence of depression symptoms was in Egypt (41.3%, 95% CI 37.6-45.0%) and lowest in the United States (24.9%, 95% CI 22.3-27.7%). The highest prevalence of probable PTSD was in Brazil (7.3%, 95% CI 5.6-9.4%) and the lowest in China (1.2%, 95% CI 0.7-2.0%). Overall, experiencing six or more Covid-19-related stressors was associated with both depression symptoms (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.46-2.48) and probable PTSD (OR 13.8, 95% CI 9.66-19.6). CONCLUSION The association between pandemic related stressors and the burden of adverse mental health indicators early in the Covid-19 pandemic transcended geographic, economic, cultural, and demographic differences between countries. The short-term and long-term impacts of the pandemic on mental health should be incorporated in efforts to tackle the consequences of Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma M Abdalla
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02119, USA.
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shaffi Fazaludeen Koya
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02119, USA
| | - Samuel B Rosenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02119, USA
| | - Isaac B Stovall
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02119, USA
| | - Olivia Biermann
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Gregory H Cohen
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02119, USA
| | | | - Sandro Galea
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02119, USA
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29
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Zeng Z, Tang W. Gut microbiota: A potential player in psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19. World J Biol Psychiatry 2024; 25:267-280. [PMID: 38607962 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2342846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to explore the potential interconnections among gut microbiota, COVID-19 infection, depression and anxiety disorder. Additionally, it tries to assess potential therapeutic interventions that may improve the dysbiosis of gut microbiota. METHODS To achieve these objectives, we reviewed existing literature, encompassing studies and critical reviews that intersect the domains of gut microbiota, COVID-19, depression and anxiety disorders. RESULTS The findings highlight a notable correlation between the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and psychiatric symptoms in the context of COVID-19. Specifically, there is a marked reduction in the populations of bacteria that generate anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), alongside a rise in the prevalence of gut bacterial clusters linked to inflammatory processes. Furthermore, several potential treatment strategies were summarised for improving the dysbiosis. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota plays a significant role in psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19, which has significant implications for the study and prevention of psychiatric symptoms in major epidemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Zeng
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Scoditti E, Bodini A, Sabina S, Leo CG, Mincarone P, Rissotto A, Fusco S, Guarino R, Ponzini G, Tumolo MR, Magnavita N, Tripepi GL, Garbarino S. Effects of working from home on lifestyle behaviors and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300812. [PMID: 38558099 PMCID: PMC10984516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has led to relevant changes in everyday life worldwide. One of these changes has been a rapid transition to and an increasing implementation of working from home (WH) modality. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of mandatory WH during the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle behaviors, Mediterranean diet adherence, body weight, and depression. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in the early 2022 at the National Research Council of Italy using ad hoc questions and validated scales collecting information on physical activity, sedentary behavior, hobbies/pastimes, dietary habits including adherence to the Mediterranean diet, body weight, and depression during WH compared with before WH. 748 respondents were included in the study. An increased sedentary lifetime was reported by 48% of respondents; however, the subsample of workers who previously performed moderate physical activity intensified this activity. Body weight gain during WH was self-reported in 39.9% of respondents. Mediterranean diet adherence increased (p≪0.001) during WH compared with before WH. The average level of mental health did not record an overall variation; however, the proportion of subjects with mild and moderate depression increased (p = 0.006), while workers who reported values indicative of depression before the transition declared an improvement. These findings highlight health-related impact of WH during the COVID-19 pandemic that may inform future strategies and policies to improve employees' health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egeria Scoditti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonella Bodini
- Institute for Applied Mathematics and Information Technologies "E. Magenes" (IMATI), National Research Council (CNR), Milano, Italy
| | - Saverio Sabina
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
| | - Carlo Giacomo Leo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Mincarone
- Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies (IRPPS), National Research Council (CNR), Research Unit of Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy
| | | | - Stanislao Fusco
- Training and Welfare Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Guarino
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ponzini
- Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies (IRPPS), National Research Council (CNR), Research Unit of Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Tumolo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technology (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Nicola Magnavita
- Post-graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luigi Tripepi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Sergio Garbarino
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal/Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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31
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Pop IA, Gielens E, Kottmann H, Achterberg P. Exploring the discourses around microdosing psychedelics within the r/microdosing online community. Soc Sci Med 2024; 347:116702. [PMID: 38520826 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In the present contribution, we examine the practice of microdosing psychedelics (microdosing) through textual analysis of the content produced by a dedicated online community, the r/microdosing subreddit. We collected a comprehensive dataset of publicly available submissions from this community and used structural topic modelling to identify and analyse the prevalent topics within the discussions. Through our analysis, we identified 16 distinct topics that mapped into clinical, human enhancement, as well as self-medication narratives. Notably, we found that the majority of discussions revolved around "how to" topics, supporting our argument that such online communities serve as essential information hubs, facilitating the dissemination of practical knowledge related to microdosing practices among the general population. The identified impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the prevalence of discussion topics suggests that individuals within the online community may perceive microdosing primarily as a means of self-medication during times of heightened stress and uncertainty. Our findings contribute to the field of health sociology and psychedelic research by shedding light on the sociocultural factors influencing healthcare practices, including the role of online communities in facilitating processes of self-medicalization and self-medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Andreea Pop
- Tilburg University, Sociology Department, PO BOX 90153, 5000 LE, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
| | - Erwin Gielens
- Tilburg University, Sociology Department, PO BOX 90153, 5000 LE, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
| | - Hannah Kottmann
- Tilburg University, Sociology Department, PO BOX 90153, 5000 LE, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
| | - Peter Achterberg
- Tilburg University, Sociology Department, PO BOX 90153, 5000 LE, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
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Naik H, Tran KC, Staples JA, Perlis RH, Levin A. Psychiatric Symptoms, Treatment Uptake, and Barriers to Mental Health Care Among US Adults With Post-COVID-19 Condition. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e248481. [PMID: 38662370 PMCID: PMC11046346 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.8481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Psychiatric symptoms are reportedly common among adults with post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). However, nationally representative data regarding symptom prevalence, treatment uptake, and barriers to care are needed to inform the development of care models. Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in US adults with PCC compared with those without PCC and assess treatment uptake and cost-related barriers to treatment. Design, Setting, and Participants Data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a nationally representative US cross-sectional survey, were analyzed between October 2023 and February 2024. Exposure Current PCC, defined as new symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection lasting more than 3 months and ongoing at the time of interview. Main Outcomes and Measures Depression symptoms were evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the General Anxiety Disorder-7 instrument. Participants were classified as having received treatment if they received mental health counseling or therapy or medications for mental health. Sleep difficulties, cognitive difficulties, disabling fatigue, and cost-related barriers were assessed from additional NHIS questions. Results Of the 25 122 participants representing approximately 231 million US adults (median [IQR] age, 46 [32-61] years; 49.8% male and 50.2% female participants), a weighted prevalence (wPr) of 3.4% (95% CI, 3.1%-3.6%) had current PCC. Compared with other US adults, participants with current PCC were more likely to have depression symptoms (wPr, 16.8% vs 7.1%; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.51-2.55), anxiety symptoms (wPr, 16.7% vs 6.3%; AOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.53-3.19), sleep difficulties (wPr, 41.5% vs 22.7%; AOR 1.95; 95% CI, 1.65-2.29), cognitive difficulties (wPr, 35.0% vs 19.5%; AOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.66-2.50), and disabling fatigue (wPr, 4.0% vs 1.6%; AOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86). Among participants who had depression or anxiety symptoms, those with PCC had a similar likelihood of not having received treatment (wPr, 28.2% vs 34.9%; AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.66-1.57). However, participants with current PCC were more likely to report a cost-related barrier to accessing mental health counseling or therapy (wPr, 37.2% vs 23.3%; AOR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.40-2.98). Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this study suggest that people with PCC have a higher prevalence of psychiatric symptoms than other adults but are more likely to experience cost-related barriers to accessing therapy. Care pathways for PCC should consider prioritizing mental health screening and affordable treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiten Naik
- Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Post–COVID-19 Interdisciplinary Clinical Care Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen C. Tran
- Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Post–COVID-19 Interdisciplinary Clinical Care Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Evaluation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John A. Staples
- Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Evaluation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Roy H. Perlis
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adeera Levin
- Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Post–COVID-19 Interdisciplinary Clinical Care Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Santos T, Bergman A, Smith-McLallen A. Access to Mental Health and Substance Use Treatment in Comprehensive Primary Care Plus. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e248519. [PMID: 38669019 PMCID: PMC11053373 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.8519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance To meet increasing demand for mental health and substance use services, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services launched the 5-year Comprehensive Primary Care Plus (CPC+) demonstration in 2017, requiring primary care practices to integrate behavioral health services. Objective To examine the association of CPC+ with access to mental health and substance use treatment before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design, Setting, and Participants Using difference-in-differences analyses, this retrospective cohort study compared adults attributed to CPC+ and non-CPC+ practices, from January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2022. The study included adults aged 19 to 64 years who had depression, anxiety, or opioid use disorder (OUD) and were enrolled with a private health insurer in Pennsylvania. Data were analyzed from January to June 2023. Exposure Receipt of care at a practice participating in CPC+. Main Outcomes and Measures Total cost of care and the number of primary care visits for evaluation and management, community mental health center visits, psychiatric hospitalizations, substance use treatment visits (residential and nonresidential), and prescriptions filled for antidepressants, anxiolytics, buprenorphine, naltrexone, or methadone. Results The 188 770 individuals in the sample included 102 733 adults (mean [SD] age, 49.5 [5.6] years; 57 531 women [56.4%]) attributed to 152 CPC+ practices and 86 037 adults (mean [SD] age, 51.6 [6.6] years; 47 321 women [54.9%]) attributed to 317 non-CPC+ practices. Among patients diagnosed with OUD, compared with patients attributed to non-CPC+ practices, attribution to a CPC+ practice was associated with filling more prescriptions for buprenorphine (0.117 [95% CI, 0.037 to 0.196] prescriptions per patient per quarter) and anxiolytics (0.162 [95% CI, 0.005 to 0.319] prescriptions per patient per quarter). Among patients diagnosed with depression or anxiety, attribution to a CPC+ practice was associated with more prescriptions for buprenorphine (0.024 [95% CI, 0.006 to 0.041] prescriptions per patient per quarter). Conclusions and Relevance Findings of this cohort study suggest that individuals with an OUD who received care at a CPC+ practice filled more buprenorphine and anxiolytics prescriptions compared with patients who received care at a non-CPC+ practice. As the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation invests in advanced primary care demonstrations, it is critical to understand whether these models are associated with indicators of high-quality primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Santos
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Alon Bergman
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- Health Care Management Department, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Ettman CK, Subramanian M, Fan AY, Adam GP, Abdalla SM, Galea S, Stuart EA. Assets and depression in U.S. adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:571-583. [PMID: 37838630 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental health is shaped by social and economic contexts, which were altered during the COVID-19 pandemic. No study has systematically reviewed the literature on the relation between different assets and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature on financial (e.g. income/savings), physical (e.g., home ownership), and social (e.g., marital status, educational attainment) assets and depression in U.S. adults. For each asset type, we created binary comparisons to report on the direction of the relationship and described if each study reported insignificant, positive, negative, or mixed associations. RESULTS Among the 41 articles identified, we found that income was the most studied asset (n=34), followed by education (n=25), marital status (n=18), home ownership (n=5), and savings (n=4). 88%, 100%, and 100% of articles reported a significant association of higher income, home ownership, and higher savings, respectively, with less depression. The association between marital status and education with depression was more nuanced: 72% (13 of 18) studies showed that unmarried persons had greater risk of depression than married or cohabitating persons and 52% (13 of 25) of studies reported no significant difference in depression across educational groups. CONCLUSION This work adds to the literature a deeper understanding of how different assets relate to depression. In the context of largescale traumatic events, policies that maintain and protect access to social, physical, and financial assets may help to protect mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine K Ettman
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
| | | | - Alice Y Fan
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Gaelen P Adam
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, USA
| | | | - Sandro Galea
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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Ji Y, Wang J, Chen H, Li J, Chen M. Association between hs-CRP and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1339208. [PMID: 38596631 PMCID: PMC11002220 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1339208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a sensitive measure of low-grade inflammation and appears superior to conventional blood tests in assessing cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the link between high-sensitivity CRP and depressive symptoms among adults. Methods and results Multiple logistic regression and smoothed curve fitting were used to investigate the association between hs-CRP and depressive symptoms based on data from the, 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were used to assess the stability of this relationship across populations. The study comprised 6,293 non-clinical participants, which included 549 individuals with depressive symptoms. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was found to increase with increasing levels of hs-CRP. This trend persisted even after quartetting hs-CRP levels. In the fully adjusted model, each unit increase in hs-CRP was associated with a 10% increase in the odds of depressive symptoms (OR=1.10,95%CI:1.01-1.21). Participants in the highest quartile of hs-CRP had a 39% higher prevalence of depressive symptoms compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR=1.39,95%CI:1.01-1.92). Additionally, this positive correlation was more pronounced in men. Conclusions In adult Americans, there exists a positive association between elevated hs-CRP levels and depressive symptoms, with a more prominent manifestation of this association observed in males.
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Elhabashy M, Chiangong J, Villalobos K, Montiel Ishino FA, Adzrago D, Williams F. Prevalence of depressive symptoms among Hispanic/Latino ethnic subgroups during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6727. [PMID: 38509221 PMCID: PMC10954677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Hispanic/Latino populations experienced disproportionate exposure to depression risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. While aggregated data confirm the risks of depressive symptoms among Hispanic/Latino individuals, little research uses disaggregated data to investigate these risks based on ethnic subgroups. Using the "Understanding the Impact of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Social Distancing on Physical and Psychosocial (Mental) Health and Chronic Diseases" survey, which was distributed nationally between May 13, 2021, and January 9, 2022 (N = 5413), we estimated the prevalence of depressive symptoms among Hispanic/Latino ethnic subgroups during the pandemic. We performed descriptive analysis on a 116-item survey, which collected disaggregated data from Hispanic/Latino individuals aged ≥ 18 years (n = 1181). About one-third of the participants reported depressive symptoms (31.3%), with those who self-identified as other Hispanic/Latino/Spanish origin (40.2%) reporting the highest depressive symptom prevalence. Among participants who reported depression treatment before the pandemic, the highest reports of treatment were among Puerto Rican (81.8%) participants. More than one-third of participants receiving prior depression treatment (38.7%) reported treatment interference by the pandemic, mostly among Central American individuals (50.0%). This study highlights the need for integrating more disaggregated data into public health approaches which seek to target population subgroups and reduce racial/ethnic mental health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Elhabashy
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 11545 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jolyna Chiangong
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 11545 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Villalobos
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 11545 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francisco A Montiel Ishino
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David Adzrago
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 11545 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 11545 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Wang S, Zhang H, Liu R, Han P, Yang Q, Cheng C, Chen Y, Rong Z, Su C, Li F, Wei G, Zhao M, Yang L. Influenza A Virus PB1-F2 Induces Affective Disorder by Interfering Synaptic Plasticity in Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04107-6. [PMID: 38488981 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection, which leads to millions of new cases annually, affects many tissues and organs of the human body, including the central nervous system (CNS). The incidence of affective disorders has increased after the flu pandemic; however, the potential mechanism has not been elucidated. PB1-F2, a key virulence molecule of various influenza virus strains, has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation and induce host inflammation; however, its role in the CNS has not been studied. In this study, we constructed and injected PB1-F2 into the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), a region closely associated with newborn neurons and neural development, to evaluate its influence on negative affective behaviors and learning performance in mice. We observed anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, but not learning impairment, in mice injected with PB1-F2. Furthermore, pull-down and mass spectrometry analyses identified several potential PB1-F2 binding proteins, and enrichment analysis suggested that the most affected function was neural development. Morphological and western blot studies revealed that PB1-F2 inhibited cell proliferation and oligodendrocyte development, impaired myelin formation, and interfered with synaptic plasticity in DG. Taken together, our results demonstrated that PB1-F2 induces affective disorders by inhibiting oligodendrocyte development and regulating synaptic plasticity in the DG after IAV infection, which lays the foundation for developing future cures of affective disorders after IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiying Wang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peijun Han
- Department of Aerospace Hygiene, School of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Caiyan Cheng
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Rong
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chang Su
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Li
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gaofei Wei
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minggao Zhao
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Le Yang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Zhu Y, Hu X, Zhu K, Zhou Q, Sun J, Zhong Z, Zhang X. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 contributed to reducing the prevalence of depression in Chinese adults - A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:407-413. [PMID: 38190859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been reported to improve mental health. However, few relevant data were collected in China. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on the risk of depression in China and risk factors contributing to depression. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study carried out from May 2020 to July 2021. Participants were widely recruited in China to participate in the survey using an online questionnaire including Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Athens Insomnia Scale-8.After exclusion of 105 ineligible questionnaires, 9452 participants were included in our final analysis. Chi-square test and Multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to analyze data. RESULTS Of the 9452 participants, 7207 were vaccinated. Our results showed that the prevalence of depression decreased significantly after vaccination (56.1 % for unvaccinated participants vs. 19.7 % for vaccinated participants). The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe depression was also significantly lower in the vaccinated participants than in the unvaccinated participants (14.8 % vs 29.0 %, 2.8 % vs 13.3 %, 2.0 % vs 13.8 %, respectively). Besides, among vaccinated participants, male and aged participants had a lower chance of developing depression (AOR = 1.34; AOR = 0.63; AOR = 0.5, respectively). In addition, although with vaccination, participants with anxiety and insomnia were more likely to suffer from depression (AOR = 29.2; AOR = 11.89). LIMITATIONS The study was a cross-sectional survey. The numbers of participants differed much in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination contributed to reducing the prevalence of depression in Chinese adults. Moreover, vaccinated men and older adult participants had less prevalence of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhu
- Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Middle Road, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqin Hu
- Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The first people's hospital of Changde city), 818 Renmin Road, 415000, Changde City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Jishou University, 120 Renmin South Road, 416000 Jishou City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The first people's hospital of Changde city), 818 Renmin Road, 415000, Changde City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The first people's hospital of Changde city), 818 Renmin Road, 415000, Changde City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhong
- Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The first people's hospital of Changde city), 818 Renmin Road, 415000, Changde City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The first people's hospital of Changde city), 818 Renmin Road, 415000, Changde City, Hunan Province, China.
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Lu Y, Qiao D, Mi G. Clinical impacts of n-3 fatty acids supplementation on depression symptoms: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:841-850. [PMID: 37886879 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452300226x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Several meta-analyses investigating the efficacy of n-3 PUFA in alleviating depression symptoms have reported conflicting findings. In the present study, we aimed to perform an umbrella meta-analysis to provide a definite conclusion. A comprehensive systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Library was performed up to June 2021. Meta-analysis studies evaluating the effects of n-3 PUFA on depression symptoms were included. The quality of the included meta-analyses was assessed using AMSTAR questionnaire. Out of 101 studies, twenty-two studies with twenty-six effect sizes (ES) were eligible for inclusion. Sixteen ES showed significant improving effect of n-3 supplementation on depression symptoms among which eleven ES had small ES. The other studies observed no significant effect. Available evidence suggests that n-3 PUFA (EPA, DHA) supplementation could be considered as an effective add-on therapeutic approach in relieving depression symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Shandong Mental Health Center, Shandong University, Jina, Shandong250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Qiao
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Mental Health Center, Shandong University, Jina, Shandong250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Mi
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Shandong Mental Health Center, Shandong University, Jina, Shandong250014, People's Republic of China
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Liu D, Li J, Wang Q, Wang H, Liu X, Zhai M, Yu B, Yan H. Effects of COVID-19 infection risk perception on depressive symptoms among pregnant women in different periods of the COVID-19 pandemic in China: A mediation model. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024. [PMID: 38440896 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study investigated the mediation mechanisms between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection risk perception and depressive symptoms among pregnant women during the different periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Study data were derived from a sample of 463 pregnant women in Hubei Province, the province with the most severe COVID-19 outbreak in China. Data were collected in two phases (during and after the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic) using the COVID-19 infection risk perception scales, the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Peritrauma Distress Inventory (PDI). Mediation model analysis was used for data analysis, overall and by groups. RESULTS The level of depressive symptoms among pregnant women after the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic was moderate (median, 9.00 [25th percentile, 75th percentile = 5.00, 12.00]), higher than the acute group (median, 7.00 [25th percentile, 75th percentile = 4.50, 10.00]). Perceived stress and traumatic stress fully mediated the relationship between infection worry (total indirect effect, 0.39 [95% confidence interval, 0.24-0.54])/infection possibility (total indirect effect, 0.41 [95% confidence interval, 0.22-0.61]) and depressive symptoms among pregnant women during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas the relationship was only fully mediated by perceived stress after the acute pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Effects of risk perception on depressive symptoms varied by periods of COVID-19. These findings have important implications for developing effective prevention and early psychoeducational intervention strategies for pregnant women with a high risk of depressive symptoms during different periods of emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huihao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengxi Zhai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Guo Y, Li K, Zhao Y, Wang C, Mo H, Li Y. Association between long-term sedentary behavior and depressive symptoms in U.S. adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5247. [PMID: 38438459 PMCID: PMC10912732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55898-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the association between long-term sedentary behavior (LTSB) and depressive symptoms within a representative sample of the U.S. adult population. Data from NHANES 2017-2018 were used, encompassing information on demographics, depressive symptoms, physical activity (PA), and LTSB. Depressive symptoms were identified using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), with "depressive symptoms" defined as a PHQ-9 score of ≥ 5, and "moderate to severe depressive symptoms (MSDS)" defined as a PHQ-9 score of ≥ 10. PA and LTSB were assessed through the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, where LTSB was interpreted as sedentary time ≥ 600 min. Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) curves were utilized to observe potential nonlinear relationships. Binary Logistic regressions were conducted to analyze the associations. A total of 4728 participants (mean age 51.00 ± 17.49 years, 2310 males and 2418 females) were included in the study. Among these individuals, 1194 (25.25%) displayed depressive symptoms, with 417 (8.82%) exhibiting MSDS. RCS curves displayed increased risk of depressive symptoms with prolonged sedentary duration. Logistic regression models indicated significant associations between LTSB and depressive symptoms (OR 1.398, 95% CI 1.098-1.780), and LTSB and MSDS (OR 1.567, 95% CI 1.125-2.183), after adjusting for covariates. These findings suggest that LTSB may act as a potential risk factor for both depressive symptoms and MSDS in the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Guo
- Department of Physical Education, Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixin Li
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Kinesis and Health, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Kinesis and Health, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhong Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfei Mo
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Kinesis and Health, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Li
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Song Y, Cho JH, Kim H, Eum YJ, Cheong EN, Choi S, Park JH, Tak S, Park B, Sohn JH, Cho G, Cheong C. Association Between Taurine Level in the Hippocampus and Major Depressive Disorder in Young Women: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study at 7T. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:465-472. [PMID: 37678539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure. Generally, women are twice as likely as men to have depression. Taurine, a type of amino acid, plays critical roles in neuronal generation, differentiation, arborization, and formation of synaptic connections. Importantly, it enhances proliferation and synaptogenesis in the hippocampus. When injected into animals, taurine has an antidepressant effect. However, there is no in vivo evidence to show an association between taurine concentration in the human brain and the development of MDD. METHODS Forty-one unmedicated young women with MDD (ages 18-29) and 43 healthy control participants matched for gender and age were recruited in South Korea. Taurine concentration was measured in the hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex, and occipital cortex of the MDD and healthy control groups using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T. Analysis of covariance was used to examine differences in taurine concentration, adjusting for age as a covariate. RESULTS Taurine concentration in the hippocampus was lower (F1,75 = 5.729, p = .019, Δη2 = 0.073) for the MDD group (mean [SEM] = 0.91 [0.06] mM) than for the healthy control group (1.13 [0.06] mM). There was no significant difference in taurine concentration in the anterior cingulate cortex or occipital cortex between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that a lower level of taurine concentration in the hippocampus may be a novel characteristic of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngkyu Song
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Cho
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ji Eum
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - E-Nae Cheong
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Choi
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Heon Park
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Tak
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumwoo Park
- Big Data Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hun Sohn
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyunggoo Cho
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chaejoon Cheong
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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Bruckner TA, Huo S, Fresson J, Zeitlin J. Preterm births among male and female conception cohorts in France during initial COVID-19 societal restrictions. Ann Epidemiol 2024; 91:58-64. [PMID: 38280410 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A recent meta-analysis finds reduced risk of preterm birth (PTB; <37 weeks gestational age) during the initial stage of COVID-19 in which infection rates remained relatively low but many societies imposed restrictions on movement. None of this work, however, examines sex-specific responses despite much literature on other ambient "shocks" which would predict male sensitivity. We use a conception cohort approach to explore potential sex-specific PTB responses in France, a country which imposed a lockdown in Spring 2020. METHODS We applied interrupted time series methods using national data in France for 207 weeks among 1403,284 males and 1341,359 females conceived from 19 Jan 2016 to 6 Jan 2020. RESULTS For males in utero, the 1st COVID-19 societal lockdown corresponds with a - 0.60 per 100 conception reduction in PTB cases per week, for 12 consecutive weeks (95% confidence interval [CI]: -.36, -.84). For females in utero, the PTB reduction is smaller (-0.40 reduction per 100 conceptions, for 10 consecutive weeks, 95% CI: -.15, -.61). A formal test of sex differences in the PTB response indicates a stronger reduction in male (vs. female) PTB during the lockdown (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS Explanations for the counterintuitive reduction in PTB during COVID-19 among cohorts in utero during Spring 2020 should consider mechanisms that disproportionately affect males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim A Bruckner
- Center for Population, Inequality and Policy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Program in Public Health University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Shutong Huo
- Program in Public Health University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jeanne Fresson
- Université de Paris, CRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOPé, INSERM, INRA, Paris, France; University Hospital (CHRU), Nancy, France, CRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOPé, INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Zeitlin
- Université de Paris, CRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOPé, INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
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Cohen GH, Wang R, Rosenberg SB, Sampson L, Lowe SR, Cabral H, Ruggiero K, Galea S. Neighborhood-level economic characteristics and depression and PTSD symptoms among Houstonians who have experienced Hurricane Harvey and COVID-19. Psychiatry Res 2024; 333:115766. [PMID: 38335779 PMCID: PMC10964477 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about how neighborhood economic characteristics relate to risk of depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in the context of multiple disasters. We sampled 88 super neighborhoods in Houston, Texas and surveyed 872 residents who were living in Houston during Hurricane Harvey and COVID-19 and lived in the same residence since Hurricane Harvey, about their demographics and symptoms of depression and PTSD. Using data from the American Community Survey, we estimated neighborhood-level unemployment, median income, and income inequality (i.e., Gini coefficient). We investigated whether these underlying neighborhood socioeconomic factors were associated with the mental health consequences of mass traumatic events. We examined associations between neighborhood-level constructs and individual-level depression and PTSD, using multilevel linear models. Partially adjusted multilevel models showed that lower neighborhood median income was associated with higher symptom scores of PTSD, while greater neighborhood income inequality was associated with higher symptom scores of depression and PTSD. However, fully adjusted models showed that these associations are better accounted for by event-specific stressors and traumas. These findings suggest that in the context of multiple large scale traumatic events, neighborhood socioeconomic context may structure individual-level exposure to stressful and traumatic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory H Cohen
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology 715 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118, United States.
| | - Ruochen Wang
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology 715 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118, United States
| | - Samuel B Rosenberg
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology 715 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118, United States
| | - Laura Sampson
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Sarah R Lowe
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Howard Cabral
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Kenneth Ruggiero
- Medical University of South Carolina, College of Nursing, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Sandro Galea
- Boston University School of Public Health, Dean's Office, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Nigatu YT, Elton-Marshall T, Wells S, Wickens CM, Hamilton HA. Factors associated with stress about returning to pre-pandemic routines among Canadians. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:505-513. [PMID: 36971513 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2195669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a public health concern, with important impacts on individuals' mental health. Many people have experienced significant changes to their daily routines due to the pandemic and for some, returning to pre-pandemic routines could create elevated stress. The present study explored factors associated with stress about returning to pre-pandemic routines (SRPR). A web-based, cross-sectional survey of 1,001 Canadian adults aged 18 years and older was conducted on July 9-13, 2021. SRPR was assessed by asking the respondents how much stress they have been feeling about returning to their pre-pandemic routines. Sociodemographic variables, anxiety, depression, loneliness, and COVID-19-related worry were examined in relation to SRPR. Overall, 28.8% of respondents reported moderate to extreme SRPR. After adjusting for covariates, factors associated with elevated SRPR included: younger age (AOR = 2.29, 95%CI 1.30-4.03), higher education (AOR = 2.08, 95%CI 1.14-3.79), being very worried about getting COVID-19 (AOR = 4.14, 95%CI 2.46-6.95), switching to working from home (AOR = 2.43, 95%CI 1.44-4.11), having anxiety (AOR = 5.02, 95%CI 3.19-7.89), feeling depressed (AOR = 1.93, 95%CI 1.14-3.25), and feeling lonely (AOR = 1.74, 95%CI 1.07-2.83). The findings of this study suggest that individuals experiencing mental health concerns (anxiety, feeling depressed, feeling lonely) may be especially likely to feel elevated SRPR and may therefore need additional support in making the transition back to prior routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshambel T Nigatu
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara Elton-Marshall
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Samantha Wells
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christine M Wickens
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hayley A Hamilton
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Hoeppner BB, Simpson HV, Weerts C, Riggs MJ, Williamson AC, Finley-Abboud D, Hoffman LA, Rutherford PX, McCarthy P, Ojeda J, Mericle AA, Rao V, Bergman BG, Dankwah AB, Kelly JF. A Nationwide Survey Study of Recovery Community Centers Supporting People in Recovery From Substance Use Disorder. J Addict Med 2024:01271255-990000000-00290. [PMID: 38426533 DOI: 10.1097/adm.0000000000001285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The medical community has become aware of its role in contributing to the opioid epidemic and must be part of its resolution. Recovery community centers (RCCs) represent a new underused component of recovery support. METHODS This study performed an online national survey of all RCCs identified in the United States, and used US Census ZIP code tabulation area data to describe the communities they serve. RESULTS Residents of areas with RCCs were more likely to be Black (16.5% vs 12.6% nationally, P = 0.005) and less likely to be Asian (4.7% vs 5.7%, P = 0.005), American Indian, or Alaskan Native (0.6% vs 0.8%, P = 0.03), or live rurally (8.5% vs 14.0%, P < 0.0001). More than half of RCCs began operations within the past 5 years. Recovery community centers were operated, on average, by 8.8 paid and 10.2 volunteer staff; each RCC served a median of 125 individuals per month (4-1,500). Recovery community centers successfully engaged racial/ethnic minority groups (20.8% Hispanic, 22.5% Black) and young adults (23.5% younger than 25 years). Recovery community centers provide addiction-specific support (eg, mutual help, recovery coaching) and assistance with basic needs, social services, technology access, and health behaviors. Regarding medications for opioid use disorder (MOUDs), RCC staff engaged members in conversations about MOUDs (85.2%) and provided direct support for taking MOUD (77.0%). One third (36.1%) of RCCs reported seeking closer collaboration with prescribers. CONCLUSIONS Recovery community centers are welcoming environments for people who take MOUDs. Closer collaboration between the medical community and community-based peer-led RCCs may lead to significantly improved reach of efforts to end the opioid epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina B Hoeppner
- From the Recovery Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (BBH, CW, ACW, DF-A, LAH, BGB, ABD, JFK); Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (HVS); Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (MJR); Faces & Voices of Recovery, Washington, DC (PXR, PM); Massachusetts Bureau of Substance Addiction Services, Executive Office of Health and Human Services, Department of Public Health, Boston, MA (JO); Alcohol Research Group/Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA (AAM); and West End Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (VR)
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Li L, Peng W, Rheu MMJ. Factors Predicting Intentions of Adoption and Continued Use of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots for Mental Health: Examining the Role of UTAUT Model, Stigma, Privacy Concerns, and Artificial Intelligence Hesitancy. Telemed J E Health 2024; 30:722-730. [PMID: 37756224 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2023.0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Artificial intelligence-based chatbots (AI chatbots) can potentially improve mental health care, yet factors predicting their adoption and continued use are unclear. Methods: We conducted an online survey with a sample of U.S. adults with symptoms of depression and anxiety (N = 393) in 2021 before the release of ChatGPT. We explored factors predicting the adoption and continued use of AI chatbots, including factors of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model, stigma, privacy concerns, and AI hesitancy. Results: Results from the regression indicated that for nonusers, performance expectancy, price value, descriptive norm, and psychological distress are positively related to the intention of adopting AI chatbots, while AI hesitancy and effort expectancy are negatively associated with adopting AI chatbots. For those with experience in using AI chatbots for mental health, performance expectancy, price value, descriptive norm, and injunctive norm are positively related to the intention of continuing to use AI chatbots. Conclusions: Understanding the adoption and continued use of AI chatbots among adults with symptoms of depression and anxiety is essential given that there is a widening gap in the supply and demand of care. AI chatbots provide new opportunities for quality care by supporting accessible, affordable, efficient, and personalized care. This study provides insights for developing and deploying AI chatbots such as ChatGPT in the context of mental health care. Findings could be used to design innovative interventions that encourage the adoption and continued use of AI chatbots among people with symptoms of depression and anxiety and who have difficulty accessing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Informatics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Minjin M J Rheu
- School of Communication, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Alruwaili A, Alanazy ARM. The prevalence of depression among paramedical students and workers with highlights from the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis of prevalence. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2024; 87:134-142. [PMID: 38412586 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence and risk factors of depression among paramedical workers/students. METHOD 6205 paramedics (reported in 25 cross-sectional studies) were meta-analyzed after searching seven electronic databases. The main outcome was the prevalence of depression. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on year and country of investigation, pandemic status and wave, population type, and disease severity. Several risk factors were also examined (gender, marital status, and population type). RESULTS 34% [95%CI: 26-43%] of paramedics have depression, mostly of the mild form [19%, 95%CI: 13-27%]. Depression was highest in India and Australia. Students [45%, 95%CI: 30-62%] were more vulnerable to depression than workers [29%, 95%CI: 18-40%]. No linear trend was observed for depression over the years. Depression was lower during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period [25% vs. 39%] with similar rates across all pandemic waves. Male [MD = 1.40; 95%CI: 0.57: 2.23] and married paramedics [MD = -1.33, 95%CI: -2.04: -0.62] were significant predictors of depression; however, no significant difference in depression was noted between paramedics and non-paramedics [logOR = 0.08; 95%CI: -0.10: 0.25]. CONCLUSIONS One in every three paramedics have depression, with higher rates among students and before the COVID-19 pandemic. Gender and marital status are risk factors of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alruwaili
- Emergency Medical Services Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; School of Health; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Ahmed Ramdan M Alanazy
- Emergency Medical Services Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Dickson CA, Ergun-Longmire B, Greydanus DE, Eke R, Giedeman B, Nickson NM, Hoang LN, Adabanya U, Payares DVP, Chahin S, McCrary J, White K, Moon JH, Haitova N, Deleon J, Apple RW. Health equity in pediatrics: Current concepts for the care of children in the 21st century (Dis Mon). Dis Mon 2024; 70:101631. [PMID: 37739834 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2023.101631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
This is an analysis of important aspects of health equity in caring for children and adolescents written by a multidisciplinary team from different medical centers. In this discussion for clinicians, we look at definitions of pediatric health equity and the enormous impact of social determinants of health in this area. Factors involved with pediatric healthcare disparities that are considered include race, ethnicity, gender, age, poverty, socioeconomic status, LGBT status, living in rural communities, housing instability, food insecurity, access to transportation, availability of healthcare professionals, the status of education, and employment as well as immigration. Additional issues involved with health equity in pediatrics that are reviewed will include the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, behavioral health concepts, and the negative health effects of climate change. Recommendations that are presented include reflection of one's own attitudes on as well as an understanding of these topics, consideration of the role of various healthcare providers (i.e., community health workers, peer health navigators, others), the impact of behavioral health integration, and the need for well-conceived curricula as well as multi-faceted training programs in pediatric health equity at the undergraduate and postgraduate medical education levels. Furthermore, ongoing research in pediatric health equity is needed to scrutinize current concepts and stimulate the development of ideas with an ever-greater positive influence on the health of our beloved children. Clinicians caring for children can serve as champions for the optimal health of children and their families; in addition, these healthcare professionals are uniquely positioned in their daily work to understand the drivers of health inequities and to be advocates for optimal health equity in the 21st century for all children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl A Dickson
- Department of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Berrin Ergun-Longmire
- Department of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Donald E Greydanus
- Department of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States.
| | - Ransome Eke
- Department of Community Medicine, Mercer University School of Medicine, Columbus, GA, United States
| | - Bethany Giedeman
- Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Nikoli M Nickson
- Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Linh-Nhu Hoang
- Department of Psychology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Uzochukwu Adabanya
- Department of Community Medicine, Mercer University School of Medicine, Columbus, GA, United States
| | - Daniela V Pinto Payares
- Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Summer Chahin
- Department of Psychology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital/Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jerica McCrary
- Center for Rural Health and Health Disparities, Mercer University School of Medicine, Columbus, GA, United States
| | - Katie White
- Department of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jin Hyung Moon
- Department of Community Medicine, Mercer University School of Medicine, Columbus, GA, United States
| | - Nizoramo Haitova
- Department of Educational Leadership, Research and Technology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jocelyn Deleon
- Department of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Roger W Apple
- Department of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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Choi J, Kim K, Park SH, Hur J, Yang H, Kim YH, Lee H, Han S. Investigation of factors regarding the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on college students' depression by quantum annealer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4684. [PMID: 38409195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54533-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diverse cases regarding the impact, with its related factors, of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health have been reported in previous studies. In this study, multivariable datasets were collected from 751 college students who could be easily affected by pandemics based on the complex relationships between various mental health factors. We utilized quantum annealing (QA)-based feature selection algorithms that were executed by commercial D-Wave quantum computers to determine the changes in the relative importance of the associated factors before and after the pandemic. Multivariable linear regression (MLR) and XGBoost models were also applied to validate the QA-based algorithms. Based on the experimental results, we confirm that QA-based algorithms have comparable capabilities in factor analysis research to the MLR models that have been widely used in previous studies. Furthermore, the performance of the QA-based algorithms was validated through the important factor results from the algorithms. Pandemic-related factors (e.g., confidence in the social system) and psychological factors (e.g. decision-making in uncertain situations) were more important in post-pandemic conditions. Although the results should be validated using other mental health variables or national datasets, this study will serve as a reference for researchers regarding the use of the quantum annealing approach in factor analysis with validation through real-world survey dataset analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junggu Choi
- Yonsei Graduate program in Cognitive Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kion Kim
- Korea Quantum Computing©, Seoul, 06164, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Park
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoen Hur
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Yang
- University College, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakbae Lee
- Deparment of Applied Statistics, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Han
- Yonsei Graduate program in Cognitive Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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