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Rostamani H, Fakhraei O, Zamirinadaf N, Mahjour M. An overview of nasal cartilage bioprinting: from bench to bedside. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2024:1-48. [PMID: 38441976 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2321636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Nasal cartilage diseases and injuries are known as significant challenges in reconstructive medicine, affecting a substantial number of individuals worldwide. In recent years, the advent of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a promising approach for nasal cartilage reconstruction, offering potential breakthroughs in the field of regenerative medicine. This paper provides an overview of the methods and challenges associated with 3D bioprinting technologies in the procedure of reconstructing nasal cartilage tissue. The process of 3D bioprinting entails generating a digital 3D model using biomedical imaging techniques and computer-aided design to integrate both internal and external scaffold features. Then, bioinks which consist of biomaterials, cell types, and bioactive chemicals, are applied to facilitate the precise layer-by-layer bioprinting of tissue-engineered scaffolds. After undergoing in vitro and in vivo experiments, this process results in the development of the physiologically functional integrity of the tissue. The advantages of 3D bioprinting encompass the ability to customize scaffold design, enabling the precise incorporation of pore shape, size, and porosity, as well as the utilization of patient-specific cells to enhance compatibility. However, various challenges should be considered, including the optimization of biomaterials, ensuring adequate cell viability and differentiation, achieving seamless integration with the host tissue, and navigating regulatory attention. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of 3D bioprinting in the rebuilding of such soft tissues, this paper covers various aspects of the bioprinted tissues to provide insights for the future development of repair techniques appropriate for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Rostamani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Fakhraei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloufar Zamirinadaf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehran Mahjour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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Taleb SAA, Ismail SA, Mohamed M, Mourad RM, El-Hashemy HA. Promising Synthesized Bis (arylmethylidene) acetone -Polymeric PCL Emulsified Nanoparticles with Enhanced Antimicrobial/Antioxidant Efficacy: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Evaluation. OpenNano 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2023.100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Sheng H, Xu W, Xu B, Song H, Lu D, Ding W, Mildredl H. Application of Intelligent Computer-Assisted Taylor 3D External Fixation in the Treatment of Tibiofibular Fracture: Retrospective Case Study. JMIR Med Inform 2021; 9:e21455. [PMID: 33988516 PMCID: PMC8164113 DOI: 10.2196/21455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the development of modern society, severe and complex tibial fractures caused by high-energy injuries such as traffic accidents have gradually increased. At present, the commonly used methods for the treatment of tibial fractures include plate fixation, intramedullary nail fixation, and external fixation. Most of these fractures are open wounds with severe soft tissue injury and wound contamination, and some involve bone defects, which makes internal fixation treatment difficult. Objective This study aims to explore the use of intelligent computer-assisted Taylor 3D external fixation for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures. Methods In total, 70 patients were included and divided into the Taylor 3D external fixation (TSF) group (28 patients with severe tibial fractures treated with TSF) and the internal fixation group (42 patients with complicated tibiofibular fractures treated by internal fixation). After the treatment, the follow-up evaluation of TSF for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures noted the incidence of complications, as well as the efficacy and occurrence of internal fixation for the treatment of tibial fractures in our hospital. Results The results showed that TSF was superior to orthopedics in the treatment of tibiofibular fractures in terms of efficacy and complications. Conclusions TSF for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures is more effective than internal fixation and the incidence of complications is low. This is a new technology for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures that is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Sheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weixing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongpu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Henry Mildredl
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Medical Devices Division, Bonn, Germany
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Zhang Y, Nam K, Kimura T, Wu P, Nakamura N, Hashimoto Y, Funamoto S, Kishida A. Preparation of gradient-type biological tissue-polymer complex for interlinking device. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 114:111017. [PMID: 32993989 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the monomer absorption behavior of decellularized dermis and prepare a gradient-type decellularized dermis-polymer complex. Decellularized dermis was prepared using sodium dodecyl sulfate, and its monomer absorption behavior was investigated using three types of hydrophobic monomer with different surface free energies. The results show that monomer absorption depends strongly on the tissue structure, regardless of the surface free energy, and the amount of absorbed monomer can be increased by sonication. Based on these results, we prepared a gradient-type decellularized dermis-poly(methyl methacrylate) complex by controlling the permeation time of the methyl methacrylate monomer and polymerization initiator into the decellularized dermis. The mechanical strength of this complex gradually increased from the dermis side to the polymer side, and combined the physical characteristics of the dermis and the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Zhang
- Department of Material-based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kwangwoo Nam
- Department of Material-based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kimura
- Department of Material-based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Pingli Wu
- Department of Material-based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakamura
- Department of Material-based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Hashimoto
- Department of Material-based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Seiichi Funamoto
- Department of Material-based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Akio Kishida
- Department of Material-based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
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Torres E, Dominguez-Candela I, Castello-Palacios S, Vallés-Lluch A, Fombuena V. Development and Characterization of Polyester and Acrylate-Based Composites with Hydroxyapatite and Halloysite Nanotubes for Medical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1703. [PMID: 32751376 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to study the distribution of hydroxyapatite (HA) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as fillers and their influence on the hydrophobic character of conventional polymers used in the biomedical field. The hydrophobic polyester poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was blended with its more hydrophilic counterpart poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and the hydrophilic acrylate poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) was analogously compared to poly (ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) and its copolymer. The addition of HA and HNTs clearly improve surface wettability in neat samples (PCL and PHEMA), but not that of the corresponding binary blends. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping analyses show a homogenous distribution of HA with appropriate Ca/P ratios between 1.3 and 2, even on samples that were incubated for seven days in simulated body fluid, with the exception of PHEMA, which is excessively hydrophilic to promote the deposition of salts on its surface. HNTs promote large aggregates on more hydrophilic polymers. The degradation process of the biodegradable polyester PCL blended with PLA, and the addition of HA and HNTs, provide hydrophilic units and decrease the overall crystallinity of PCL. Consequently, after 12 weeks of incubation in phosphate buffered saline the mass loss increases up to 48% and mechanical properties decrease above 60% compared with the PCL/PLA blend.
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Alksne M, Kalvaityte M, Simoliunas E, Rinkunaite I, Gendviliene I, Locs J, Rutkunas V, Bukelskiene V. In vitro comparison of 3D printed polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid/bioglass composite scaffolds: Insights into materials for bone regeneration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 104:103641. [PMID: 32174399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
3D printing of polylactic acid (PLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) or bioglass (BG) bioceramics composites is the most promising technique for artificial bone construction. However, HA and BG have different chemical composition as well as different bone regeneration inducing mechanisms. Thus, it is important to compare differentiation processes induced by 3D printed PLA + HA and PLA + BG scaffolds in order to evaluate the strongest osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties possessing bioceramics. In this study, we analysed porous PLA + HA (10%) and PLA + BG (10%) composites' effect on rat's dental pulp stem cells fate in vitro. Obtained results indicated, that PLA + BG scaffolds lead to weaker cell adhesion and proliferation than PLA + HA. Nevertheless, osteoinductive and other biofriendly properties were more pronounced by PLA + BG composites. Overall, the results showed a strong advantage of bioceramic BG against HA, thus, 3D printed PLA + BG composite scaffolds could be a perspective component for patient-specific, cheaper and faster artificial bone tissue production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milda Alksne
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Migle Kalvaityte
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Egidijus Simoliunas
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ieva Rinkunaite
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ieva Gendviliene
- Institute of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio Str. 115, LT-08217, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Janis Locs
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Vygandas Rutkunas
- Institute of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio Str. 115, LT-08217, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Virginija Bukelskiene
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Kanniyappan H, Thangavel P, Chakraborty S, Arige V, Muthuvijayan V. Design and evaluation of Konjac glucomannan-based bioactive interpenetrating network (IPN) scaffolds for engineering vascularized bone tissues. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 143:30-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Das S, Dholam K, Gurav S, Bendale K, Ingle A, Mohanty B, Chaudhari P, Bellare JR. Accentuated osseointegration in osteogenic nanofibrous coated titanium implants. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17638. [PMID: 31819073 PMCID: PMC6901521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Anchoring of endosseous implant through osseointegration continues to be an important clinical need. Here, we describe the development of superior endosseous implant demonstrating enhance osseointegration, achieved through surface modification via coating of osteogenic nanofibres. The randomized bio-composite osteogenic nanofibres incorporating polycaprolactone, gelatin, hydroxyapatite, dexamethasone, beta-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid were electrospun on titanium implants mimicking bone extracellular matrix and subsequently induced osteogenesis by targeting undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells present in the peri-implant niche to regenerate osseous tissue. In proof-of-concept experiment on rabbit study models (n = 6), micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), histomorphometric analysis and biomechanical testing in relation to our novel osteogenic nanofibrous coated implants showed improved results when compared to uncoated controls. Further, no pathological changes were detected during gross examination and necropsy on peri-implant osseous tissues regenerated in response to such coated implants. The findings of the present study confirm that osteogenic nanofibrous coating significantly increases the magnitude of osteogenesis in the peri-implant zone and favours the dynamics of osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Das
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kanchan Dholam
- Department of Dental and Prosthetic Surgery, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sandeep Gurav
- Department of Dental and Prosthetic Surgery, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kiran Bendale
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, 410 210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arvind Ingle
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, 410 210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhabani Mohanty
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, 410 210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pradip Chaudhari
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, 410 210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jayesh R Bellare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India. .,Wadhwani Research Centre for Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mojtaba Ansari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran
| | | | - Nasim Kiaie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Salati
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Group, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Petit C, Tulliani J, Tadier S, Meille S, Chevalier J, Palmero P. Novel calcium phosphate/PCL graded samples: Design and development in view of biomedical applications. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2019; 97:336-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Turnbull G, Clarke J, Picard F, Riches P, Jia L, Han F, Li B, Shu W. 3D bioactive composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Bioact Mater 2018; 3:278-314. [PMID: 29744467 PMCID: PMC5935790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 553] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is the second most commonly transplanted tissue worldwide, with over four million operations using bone grafts or bone substitute materials annually to treat bone defects. However, significant limitations affect current treatment options and clinical demand for bone grafts continues to rise due to conditions such as trauma, cancer, infection and arthritis. Developing bioactive three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds to support bone regeneration has therefore become a key area of focus within bone tissue engineering (BTE). A variety of materials and manufacturing methods including 3D printing have been used to create novel alternatives to traditional bone grafts. However, individual groups of materials including polymers, ceramics and hydrogels have been unable to fully replicate the properties of bone when used alone. Favourable material properties can be combined and bioactivity improved when groups of materials are used together in composite 3D scaffolds. This review will therefore consider the ideal properties of bioactive composite 3D scaffolds and examine recent use of polymers, hydrogels, metals, ceramics and bio-glasses in BTE. Scaffold fabrication methodology, mechanical performance, biocompatibility, bioactivity, and potential clinical translations will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Turnbull
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NW, United Kingdom
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Agamemnon St, Clydebank, G81 4DY, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Clarke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Agamemnon St, Clydebank, G81 4DY, United Kingdom
| | - Frédéric Picard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NW, United Kingdom
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Agamemnon St, Clydebank, G81 4DY, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Riches
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NW, United Kingdom
| | - Luanluan Jia
- Orthopaedic Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Fengxuan Han
- Orthopaedic Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Orthopaedic Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wenmiao Shu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NW, United Kingdom
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Torres E, Fombuena V, Vallés-Lluch A, Ellingham T. Improvement of mechanical and biological properties of Polycaprolactone loaded with Hydroxyapatite and Halloysite nanotubes. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2017; 75:418-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Stratton S, Shelke NB, Hoshino K, Rudraiah S, Kumbar SG. Bioactive polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering. Bioact Mater 2016; 1:93-108. [PMID: 28653043 PMCID: PMC5482547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of engineered scaffolds have been created for tissue engineering using polymers, ceramics and their composites. Biomimicry has been adopted for majority of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffold design both in terms of physicochemical properties, as well as bioactivity for superior tissue regeneration. Scaffolds fabricated via salt leaching, particle sintering, hydrogels and lithography have been successful in promoting cell growth in vitro and tissue regeneration in vivo. Scaffold systems derived from decellularization of whole organs or tissues has been popular due to their assured biocompatibility and bioactivity. Traditional scaffold fabrication techniques often failed to create intricate structures with greater resolution, not reproducible and involved multiple steps. The 3D printing technology overcome several limitations of the traditional techniques and made it easier to adopt several thermoplastics and hydrogels to create micro-nanostructured scaffolds and devices for tissue engineering and drug delivery. This review highlights scaffold fabrication methodologies with a focus on optimizing scaffold performance through the matrix pores, bioactivity and degradation rate to enable tissue regeneration. Review highlights few examples of bioactive scaffold mediated nerve, muscle, tendon/ligament and bone regeneration. Regardless of the efforts required for optimization, a shift in 3D scaffold uses from the laboratory into everyday life is expected in the near future as some of the methods discussed in this review become more streamlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Stratton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Namdev B. Shelke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kazunori Hoshino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Swetha Rudraiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, CT, 06103, USA
| | - Sangamesh G. Kumbar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Suwanprateeb J, Thammarakcharoen F, Hobang N. Enhancement of mechanical properties of 3D printed hydroxyapatite by combined low and high molecular weight polycaprolactone sequential infiltration. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2016; 27:171. [PMID: 27704375 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new infiltration technique using a combination of low and high molecular weight polycaprolactone (PCL) in sequence was developed as a mean to improve the mechanical properties of three dimensional printed hydroxyapatite (HA). It was observed that using either high (M n~80,000) or low (M n~10,000) molecular weight infiltration could only increase the flexural modulus compared to non-infiltrated HA, but did not affect strength, strain at break and energy at break. In contrast, a combination of low and high molecular infiltration in sequence increased the flexural modulus, strength and energy at break compared to those of non-infiltrated HA or infiltrated by high or low molecular weight PCL alone. This overall enhancement was found to be attributed to the densification of low molecular weight PCL and the reinforcement of high molecular PCL concurrently. The combined low and high molecular weight infiltration in sequence also maintained high osteoblast proliferation and differentiation of the composites at the similar level of the HA. Densification was a dominant mechanism for the change in modulus with porosity and density of the infiltrated HA/PCL composites. However, both densification and the reinforcing performance of the infiltration phase were crucial for strength and toughening enhancement of the composites possibly by the defect healing and stress shielding mechanisms. The sequence of using low molecular weight infiltration and followed by high molecular infiltration was seen to provide the greatest flexural properties and highest cells proliferation and differentiation capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintamai Suwanprateeb
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), 114 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klongluang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Faungchat Thammarakcharoen
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), 114 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klongluang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Nattapat Hobang
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), 114 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klongluang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
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Sailema-palate GP, Vidaurre A, Campillo-fernández A, Castilla-cortázar I. A comparative study on Poly(ε-caprolactone) film degradation at extreme pH values. Polym Degrad Stab 2016; 130:118-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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16
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Suwanprateeb J, Luangwattanawilai T, Theeranattapong T, Suvannapruk W, Chumnanvej S, Hemstapat W. Bilayer oxidized regenerated cellulose/poly ε-caprolactone knitted fabric-reinforced composite for use as an artificial dural substitute. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2016; 27:122. [PMID: 27278580 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5736-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel bilayer knitted fabric-reinforced composite for potentially being used as a dural substitute was developed by solution infiltration of oxidized regenerated cellulose knitted fabric (ORC) with poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) solution at various concentrations ranging 10-40 g/100 mL. It was found that the density of all formulations did not differ significantly and was lower than that of the human dura. Microstructure of the samples typically comprised a bilayer structure having a nonporous PCL layer on one side and the ORC/PCL composite layer on another side. Tensile modulus and strength of the samples initially decreased with increasing PCL solution concentration for up to 20 g/100 mL and re-increased again with further increasing PCL solution concentration. Strain at break of all formulations were not significantly different. Watertight test revealed that all composites could prevent leakage at the pressure within the normal range of intracranial pressure. In vitro degradation study revealed that the weight loss percentage and change in tensile properties of all samples displayed biphasic profile comprising an initially rapid decrease and followed by a gradual decrease with incubation times afterward. Micro and macro porous channels were observed to be in situ generated in the composite layer by ORC dissolution and PCL resorption during degradation while nonporous layer remained relatively unchanged. The degradation rate was found to decrease with increasing PCL solution concentration. In vitro biocompatibility using alamar blue assay on selected samples showed that fibroblasts could attach and proliferate well at all incubation periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintamai Suwanprateeb
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klongluang, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Ticomporn Luangwattanawilai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Thunyanun Theeranattapong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Suvannapruk
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klongluang, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Sorayouth Chumnanvej
- Neurosurgery Unit, Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Rama VI Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Warinkarn Hemstapat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Policastro GM, Becker ML. Osteogenic growth peptide and its use as a bio-conjugate in regenerative medicine applications. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015; 8:449-64. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Departments of Polymer Science and Biomedical Engineering; University of Akron; Akron OH USA
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Brooks AE, Brooks BD, Davidoff SN, Hogrebe PC, Fisher MA, Grainger DW. Polymer-controlled release of tobramycin from bone graft void filler. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 3:518-30. [PMID: 25786372 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-013-0155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite clinical, material, and pharmaceutical advances, infection remains a major obstacle in total joint revision surgery. Successful solutions must extend beyond bulk biomaterial and device modifications, integrating locally delivered pharmaceuticals and physiological cues at the implant site, or within large bone defects with prominent avascular spaces. One approach involves coating clinically familiar allograft bone with an antibiotic-releasing rate-controlling polymer membrane for use as a matrix for local drug release in bone. The kinetics of drug release from this system can be tailored via alterations in the substrate or the polymeric coating. Drug-loaded polycaprolactone coating releases bioactive tobramycin from both cadaveric-sourced cancellous allograft fragments and synthetic hybrid coralline ceramic bone graft fragments with similar kinetics over a clinically relevant 6-week timeframe. However, micron-sized allograft particulate provides extended bioactive tobramycin release. Addition of porogen polyethylene glycol to the polymer coating formulation changes tobramycin release kinetics without significant impact on released antibiotic bioactivity. Incorporation of oil-microencapsulated tobramycin into the polymer coating did not significantly modify tobramycin release kinetics. In addition to releasing inhibitory concentrations of tobramycin, antibiotic-loaded allograft bone provides recognized beneficial osteoconductive potential, attractive for decreasing orthopedic surgical infections with improved filling of dead space and new bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Brooks
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-5820, USA,
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Fallahiarezoudar E, Ahmadipourroudposht M, Idris A, Mohd Yusof N. A review of: Application of synthetic scaffold in tissue engineering heart valves. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2015; 48:556-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Nga VDW, Lim J, Choy DKS, Nyein MA, Lu J, Chou N, Yeo TT, Teoh SH. Effects of polycaprolactone-based scaffolds on the blood-brain barrier and cerebral inflammation. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:647-53. [PMID: 25335965 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe pathoanatomical and mechanical injuries compromise patient recovery and survival following penetrating brain injury (PBI). The realization that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a major role in dictating post-PBI events has led to rising interests in possible therapeutic interventions through the BBB. Recently, the choroid plexus has also been suggested as a potential therapeutic target. The use of biocompatible scaffolds for the delivery of therapeutic agents, but little is known about their interaction with cerebral tissue, which has important clinical implications. Therefore, the authors have sought to investigate the effect of polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL/tricalcium phosphate (PCL/TCP) scaffolds on the maintenance of BBB phenotype posttraumatic brain injury. Cranial defects of 3 mm depth were created in Sprague Dawley rats, and PCL and PCL/TCP scaffolds were subsequently implanted in predetermined locations for a period of 1 week and 1 month. Higher endothelial barrier antigen (EBA) expressions from PCL-based scaffold groups (p>0.05) were found, suggesting slight advantages over the sham group (no scaffold implantation). PCL/TCP scaffold group also expressed EBA to a higher degree (p>0.05) than PCL scaffolds. Importantly, higher capillary count and area as early as 1 week postimplantation suggested lowered ischemia from the PCL/TCP scaffold group as compared with PCL and sham. Evaluation of interlukin-1β expression suggested that the PCL and PCL/TCP scaffolds did not cause prolonged inflammation. BBB transport selectivity was evaluated by the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4). Attenuated expression of AQP-4 in the PCL/TCP group (p<0.05) suggested that PCL/TCP scaffolds altered BBB selectivity to a lower degree as compared with sham and PCL groups, pointing to potential clinical implications in reducing cerebral edema. Taken together, the responses of PCL-based scaffolds with brain tissue suggested safety, and encourages further preclinical evaluation in PBI management with these scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Colwell
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering; Queensland University of Technology; GPO Box 2434 Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - Edeline Wentrup-Byrne
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering; Queensland University of Technology; GPO Box 2434 Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - Graeme A George
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering; Queensland University of Technology; GPO Box 2434 Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - François Schué
- Laboratoire de Chimie Macromoleculaire; Université Montpellier II; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France (Deceased 31 January 2014)
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Ege D, Cameron R, Best S. The degradation behavior of nanoscale HA/PLGA andα-TCP/PLGA composites. Bioinspired, Biomimetic and Nanobiomaterials 2014. [DOI: 10.1680/bbn.13.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Baykan E, Koc A, Eser Elcin A, Murat Elcin Y. Evaluation of a biomimetic poly( ε -caprolactone)/ β -tricalcium phosphate multispiral scaffold for bone tissue engineering: In vitro and in vivo studies. Biointerphases 2014; 9:029011. [DOI: 10.1116/1.4870781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Winkler M, Raupp YS, Köhl LAM, Wagner HE, Meier MAR. Modified Poly(ε-caprolactone)s: An Efficient and Renewable Access via Thia-Michael Addition and Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma500381n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Winkler
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry,
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yasmin S. Raupp
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry,
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lenz A. M. Köhl
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry,
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hanna E. Wagner
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry,
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael A. R. Meier
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry,
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Martin JR, Gupta MK, Page JM, Yu F, Davidson JM, Guelcher SA, Duvall CL. A porous tissue engineering scaffold selectively degraded by cell-generated reactive oxygen species. Biomaterials 2014; 35:3766-76. [PMID: 24491510 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable tissue engineering scaffolds are commonly fabricated from poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) or similar polyesters that degrade by hydrolysis. PLGA hydrolysis generates acidic breakdown products that trigger an accelerated, autocatalytic degradation mechanism that can create mismatched rates of biomaterial breakdown and tissue formation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key mediators of cell function in both health and disease, especially at sites of inflammation and tissue healing, and induction of inflammation and ROS are natural components of the in vivo response to biomaterial implantation. Thus, polymeric biomaterials that are selectively degraded by cell-generated ROS may have potential for creating tissue engineering scaffolds with better matched rates of tissue in-growth and cell-mediated scaffold biodegradation. To explore this approach, a series of poly(thioketal) (PTK) urethane (PTK-UR) biomaterial scaffolds were synthesized that degrade specifically by an ROS-dependent mechanism. PTK-UR scaffolds had significantly higher compressive moduli than analogous poly(ester urethane) (PEUR) scaffolds formed from hydrolytically-degradable ester-based diols (p < 0.05). Unlike PEUR scaffolds, the PTK-UR scaffolds were stable under aqueous conditions out to 25 weeks but were selectively degraded by ROS, indicating that their biodegradation would be exclusively cell-mediated. The in vitro oxidative degradation rates of the PTK-URs followed first-order degradation kinetics, were significantly dependent on PTK composition (p < 0.05), and correlated to ROS concentration. In subcutaneous rat wounds, PTK-UR scaffolds supported cellular infiltration and granulation tissue formation, followed first-order degradation kinetics over 7 weeks, and produced significantly greater stenting of subcutaneous wounds compared to PEUR scaffolds. These combined results indicate that ROS-degradable PTK-UR tissue engineering scaffolds have significant advantages over analogous polyester-based biomaterials and provide a robust, cell-degradable substrate for guiding new tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Martin
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, PMB 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Mukesh K Gupta
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, PMB 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Jonathan M Page
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, VU Station B #351604, Nashville, TN 37235-1604, USA
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Davidson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Medical Research Service, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Scott A Guelcher
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, VU Station B #351604, Nashville, TN 37235-1604, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, PMB 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA.
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Sultana N. Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. Biodegradable Polymer-Based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2013. pp. 1-17. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-34802-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Bryers JD, Giachelli CM, Ratner BD. Engineering biomaterials to integrate and heal: the biocompatibility paradigm shifts. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 109:1898-911. [PMID: 22592568 PMCID: PMC3490630 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This article focuses on one of the major failure routes of implanted medical devices, the foreign body reaction (FBR)--that is, the phagocytic attack and encapsulation by the body of the so-called "biocompatible" biomaterials comprising the devices. We then review strategies currently under development that might lead to biomaterial constructs that will harmoniously heal and integrate into the body. We discuss in detail emerging strategies to inhibit the FBR by engineering biomaterials that elicit more biologically pertinent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Bryers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, USA.
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Coraca-Huber DC, Duek EADR, Etchebehere M, Magna LA, Amstalden EMI. The use of vancomycin-loaded poly-l-lactic acid and poly-ethylene oxide microspheres for bone repair: an in vivo study. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2012; 67:793-8. [PMID: 22892925 PMCID: PMC3400171 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2012(07)15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate bone repair after the implantation of vancomycin-loaded poly-L-lactic acid/poly-ethylene oxide microspheres compared with vancomycin-unloaded poly-L-lactic acid/poly-ethylene oxide microspheres. METHODS Poly-L-lactic acid/poly-ethylene oxide microspheres were implanted in rat tibiae and evaluated for periods of 2, 4, 8, and 12 days and 4, 8, 16, and 32 weeks. The groups implanted with vancomycin-loaded and vancomycin-unloaded microspheres were compared. Histopathologic (semi-quantitative) and histomorphometric analyses were performed to evaluate the bone formation process. RESULTS During the first period (second day), fibrin and hemorrhaging areas were observed to be replaced by granulation tissue around the microspheres. Woven bone formation with progressive maturation was observed. All of the histopathological findings, evaluated by a semi-quantitative assay and a quantitative analysis (percentage of bone formation), were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION Vancomycin-loaded poly-L-lactic acid/poly-ethylene oxide microspheres are a good bone substitute candidate for bone repair. Local antibiotic therapy using vancomycin-loaded poly-L-lactic acid/poly-ethylene oxide microspheres should be considered after the microbiological evaluation of its efficacy.
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Mohammadi MS, Ahmed I, Muja N, Almeida S, Rudd CD, Bureau MN, Nazhat SN. Effect of Si and Fe doping on calcium phosphate glass fibre reinforced polycaprolactone bone analogous composites. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:1616-26. [PMID: 22248526 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Reinforcing biodegradable polymers with phosphate-based glass fibres (PGF) is of interest for bone repair and regeneration. In addition to increasing the mechanical properties, PGF can also release bioinorganics, as they are water soluble, a property that may be controllably translated into a fully degradable composite. Herein, the effect of Si and Fe on the solubility of calcium-containing phosphate-based glasses (PG) in the system (50P(2)O(5)-40CaO-(10-x)SiO(2)-xFe(2)O(3), where x=0, 5 and 10 mol.%) were investigated. On replacing SiO(2) with Fe(2)O(3), there was an increase in the glass transition temperature and density of the PG, suggesting greater crosslinking of the phosphate chains. This significantly reduced the dissolution rates of degradation and ion release. Two PG formulations, 50P(2)O(5)-40CaO-10Fe(2)O(3) (Fe10) and 50P(2)O(5)-40CaO-5Fe(2)O(3)-5SiO(2) (Fe5Si5), were melt drawn into fibres and randomly incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL). Initially, the flexural strength and modulus significantly increased with PGF incorporation. In deionized water, PCL-Fe(5)Si(5) displayed a significantly greater weight loss and ion release compared with PCL-Fe10. In simulated body fluid, brushite was formed only on the surface of PCL-Fe(5)Si(5). Dynamic mechanical analysis in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C revealed that the PCL-Fe10 storage modulus (E') was unchanged up to day 7, whereas the onset of PCL-Fe(5)Si(5)E' decrease occurred at day 4. At longer-term ageing in PBS, PCL-Fe(5)Si(5) flexural strength and modulus decreased significantly. MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts seeded onto PCL-PGF grew up to day 7 in culture. PGF can be used to control the properties of biodegradable composites for potential application as bone fracture fixation devices.
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Neshati Z, Bahrami AR, Eshtiagh-Hosseini H, Matin MM, Housaindokht MR, Tabari T, Edalatmanesh MA. Evaluating the biodegradability of Gelatin/Siloxane/Hydroxyapatite (GS-Hyd) complex in vivo and its ability for adhesion and proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cytotechnology 2012; 64:485-95. [PMID: 22410807 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-012-9426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the use of biomaterials and new biodegradable scaffolds for repair or regeneration of damaged tissues is of vital importance. Scaffolds used in tissue engineering should be biodegradable materials with three-dimensional structures which guide the growth and differentiation of the cells. They also tune physical, chemical and biological properties for efficient supplying of the cells to the selected tissues and have proper porosity along with minimal toxic effects. In this manner, the study of these characteristics is a giant stride towards scaffold design. In this study, Gelatin/Siloxane/Hydroxyapatite (GS-Hyd) scaffold was synthesized and its morphology, in vivo biodegradability, cytotoxic effects and ability for cell adhesion were investigated using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The cells were treated with different volumes of the scaffold suspension for evaluation of its cytotoxic effects. The MSCs were also seeded on scaffolds and cultured for 2 weeks to evaluate the ability of the scaffold in promoting of cell adhesion and growth. To check the biodegradability of the scaffold in vivo, scaffolds were placed in the rat body for 21 days in three different positions of thigh muscle, testicle, and liver and they were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and weight changes. According to the results of the viability of this study, no cytotoxic effects of GS-Hyd scaffold was found on the cells and MSCs could adhere on the scaffold with expanding their elongations and forming colonies. The rate of degradation as assessed by weight loss was significant within each group along with significant differences between different tissues at the same time point. SEM micrographs also indicated the obvious morphological changes on the surface of the particles and diameter of the pores through different stages of implantation. The greatest amount of degradation happened to the scaffold particles implanted into the muscle, followed by testicle and liver, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Neshati
- Cell and Molecular Biology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Pan L, Pei X, He R, Wan Q, Wang J. Multiwall carbon nanotubes/polycaprolactone composites for bone tissue engineering application. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 93:226-34. [PMID: 22305638 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Revised: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs)/polycaprolactone composite scaffolds were fabricated by the solution evaporation technique. The morphology, phase composition and the mechanical properties of the composite scaffolds were characterized and the cellular bioactivity of the scaffolds was assessed by using rat bone-marrow-derived stroma cells (BMSCs). The attachment, proliferation and differentiation of the BMSCs on the composite scaffolds were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) nuclear staining and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI) live/dead staining, methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, respectively. Results showed that mechanical properties of the composite scaffolds were improved with the addition of MWNTs (0.25-2 wt%). BMSCs on the composite scaffolds differentiated down the osteogenic lineage and expressed high levels of bone marker ALP. The scaffolds with low concentration (0.5 wt%) of MWNTs can enhance the proliferation and differentiation of the BMSCs more than that with higher concentration of MWNTs. It is concluded that MWNTs/PCL composite scaffolds have the potential for bone tissue engineering and the relatively low concentration of MWNTs (0.5 wt%) is preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Pan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Shih TY, Yang JD, Chen JH. Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Segmented Polycaprolactone for Development of Dura Substitute. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fu X, Sammons RL, Bertóti I, Jenkins MJ, Dong H. Active screen plasma surface modification of polycaprolactone to improve cell attachment. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 100:314-20. [PMID: 22179939 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To tailor polycaprolactone (PCL) surface properties for biomedical applications, film samples of PCL were surface modified by the active screen plasma nitriding (ASPN) technique. The chemical composition and structure were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The wettability of the surface modified polymers was investigated by contact angle and surface energy methods. Biocompatibility of the prepared PCL samples was evaluated in vitro using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells. The degradability was assessed by determining the self-degradation rate (catalyzed by lipase). The results show that ASPN surface modification can effectively improve osteoblast cell adhesion and spreading on the surface of PCL. The main change in chemical composition is the exchange of some carboxyl groups on the surface for hydroxyl groups. The active-screen plasma nitriding technique has been found to be an effective and practical method to effectively improve osteoblast cell adhesion and spreading on the PCL surface. Such changes have been attributed to the increase in wettablity and generation of new hydroxyl groups by plasma treatment. After active-screen plasma treatment, the PCL film is still degradable, but the enzymatic degradation rate is slower compared with untreated PCL film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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Oh SA, Won JE, Kim HW. Composite membranes of poly(lactic acid) with zinc-added bioactive glass as a guiding matrix for osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomater Appl 2011; 27:413-22. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328211408944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to produce a degradable and bone-bioactive membrane for guiding bone regeneration by combining a degradable polymer, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), with a bioactive inorganic zinc-containing bioactive glass (ZnBG). The in vitro osteogenic development of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) upon different membrane substrates (pure PLA control, PLA–BG, and PLA–ZnBG) was investigated in terms of bone cell phenotype syntheses and mineralization. Results showed significantly stimulated production of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin at days 14 and 21 in the membranes containing BG and ZnBG, with more in the samples containing ZnBG. The addition of ZnBG in PLA allowed the rBMSCs to express a high level of bone sialoprotein as confirmed by immunostaining. Cellular mineralization of the secreted extracellular matrix showed a significantly higher Ca level on the BG- and ZnBG-added membrane than on the PLA, and the more so in the ZnBG-added one. Based on the in vitro assessments using rBMSCs, the ZnBG-added PLA is considered to be of potential use in guiding active bone regeneration within the periodontal pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Ae Oh
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & WCU Research Center, Dankook University, South Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Won
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & WCU Research Center, Dankook University, South Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & WCU Research Center, Dankook University, South Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, South Korea
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Hong JK, Madihally SV. Next generation of electrosprayed fibers for tissue regeneration. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2011; 17:125-42. [PMID: 21210761 PMCID: PMC3062468 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning is a widely established polymer-processing technology that allows generation of fibers (in nanometer to micrometer size) that can be collected to form nonwoven structures. By choosing suitable process parameters and appropriate solvent systems, fiber size can be controlled. Since the technology allows the possibility of tailoring the mechanical properties and biological properties, there has been a significant effort to adapt the technology in tissue regeneration and drug delivery. This review focuses on recent developments in adapting this technology for tissue regeneration applications. In particular, different configurations of nozzles and collector plates are summarized from the view of cell seeding and distribution. Further developments in obtaining thick layers of tissues and thin layered membranes are discussed. Recent advances in porous structure spatial architecture parameters such as pore size, fiber size, fiber stiffness, and matrix turnover are summarized. In addition, possibility of developing simple three-dimensional models using electrosprayed fibers that can be utilized in routine cell culture studies is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Kyu Hong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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Allo BA, Rizkalla AS, Mequanint K. Synthesis and electrospinning of ε-polycaprolactone-bioactive glass hybrid biomaterials via a sol-gel process. Langmuir 2010; 26:18340-18348. [PMID: 21050002 DOI: 10.1021/la102845k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Strategies of bone tissue engineering and regeneration rely on bioactive scaffolds to mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) as templates onto which cells attach, multiply, migrate, and function. For this purpose, hybrid biomaterials based on smart combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive glasses (BGs) are of particular interest, since they exhibit tailored physical, biological, and mechanical properties, as well as predictable degradation behavior. In this study, hybrid biomaterials with different organic-inorganic ratios were successfully synthesized via a sol-gel process. Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and tertiary bioactive glass (BG) with a glass composition of 70 mol % SiO(2), 26 mol % CaO, and 4 mol % of P(2)O(5) were used as the polymer and inorganic phases, respectively. The polymer chains were successfully introduced into the inorganic sol while the networks were formed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to investigate the presence of different chemical groups, structural crystallinity, thermal property, elemental composition, and homogeneity of the synthesized hybrid biomaterials. Identification of chemical groups and the presence of molecular interaction by hydrogen bonding between the organic and inorganic phases was confirmed by FTIR. The XRD patterns showed that all PCL/BG hybrids (up to 60% polymer content) were amorphous. The TGA study revealed that the PCL/BG hybrid biomaterials were thermally stable, and good agreement was observed between the experimental and theoretical organic-inorganic ratios. The SEM/EDX results also revealed a homogeneous elemental distribution and demonstrated the successful incorporation of all the elements in the hybrid system. Finally, these synthesized hybrid biomaterials were successfully electrospun into 3D scaffolds. The resultant fibers have potential use as scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedilu A Allo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
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Ramsay SD, Pilliar RM, Santerre JP. Fabrication of a biodegradable calcium polyphosphate/polyvinyl-urethane carbonate composite for high load bearing osteosynthesis applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 94:178-86. [PMID: 20524193 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The formation of biodegradable implants for use in osteosynthesis has been a major goal of biomaterials research for the past 2-3 decades. Self-reinforced polylactide systems represent the most significant success of this research to date, however, with elastic constants up to 12-15 GPa at best, they fail to provide the initial stiffness required of devices for stabilizing fractures of major load-bearing bones. Our research has investigated the use of calcium polyphosphate (CPP), an inorganic polymer in combination with polyvinyl-urethane carbonate (PVUC) organic polymers for such applications. Initial studies indicated that composite samples formed as interpenetrating phase composites (IPC) exhibited suitable as-made strength and stiffness, however, they displayed a rapid loss of properties when exposed to in vitro aging. An investigation to determine the mechanism of this accelerated in vitro degradation for the IPCs as well as to identify possible design changes to overcome this drawback was undertaken using a model IPC system. It was found that strong interfacial strength and minimal swelling of the PVUC are very important for obtaining and maintaining appropriate mechanical properties in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Ramsay
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Steedman MR, Tao SL, Klassen H, Desai TA. Enhanced differentiation of retinal progenitor cells using microfabricated topographical cues. Biomed Microdevices 2010; 12:363-9. [PMID: 20077017 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-009-9392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to the retina’s inability to replace photoreceptors lost during retinal degeneration, significant interest has been placed in methods to implant replacement cells. Polymer scaffolds are increasingly being studied as vehicles for cellular delivery to degenerated retinas. Previously, we fabricated poly(methyl methacrylate) thin film scaffolds that increased survival and integration of implanted retinal progenitor cells (RPCs). Additionally, these scaffolds minimized the trauma and cellular response associated with implantation of foreign bodies into mouse eyes. Here, we demonstrate that biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) thin film scaffolds can be fabricated with integrated microtopography. Microfabricated topography in a PCL thin film enhanced the attachment and organization of RPCs compared to unstructured surfaces. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction we also observed that attachment to microtopography induced cellular differentiation. RPCs grown on PCL thin films exhibited an increase in gene expression for the photoreceptor markers recoverin and rhodopsin, an increase in the glial and Müller cell marker GFAP, and a decrease in SOX2 gene expression (a marker for undifferentiated progenitor cells) compared to cells grown on unmodified tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS).
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Maafi EM, Tighzert L, Malek F. Synthesis and characterization of new polyurethanes: influence of monomer composition. Polym Bull (Berl) 2011; 66:391-406. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-010-0347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dånmark S, Finne-Wistrand A, Wendel M, Arvidson K, Albertsson AC, Mustafa K. Osteogenic Differentiation by Rat Bone Marrow Stromal Cells on Customized Biodegradable Polymer Scaffolds. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911509358812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this report, poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone), poly(LLA-co-CL) and poly(L-lactide-co-1,5-dioxepan-2-one), poly(LLA-co-DXO) were evaluated and compared for potential use in bone tissue engineering constructs together with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). The copolymers were tailored to reduce the level of harmful tin residuals in the scaffolding. BMSC isolated from Sprague—Dawley rats were seeded onto the scaffolds and cultured in vitro for up to 21 days. Cell spreading and proliferation was analyzed after 72 h by scanning electron microscopy and thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) conversion assay. Osteogenic differentiation of BMSC was evaluated by real-time PCR after 14 and 21 days of culture. Hydrophilicity was significantly different between poly(LLA-co-CL) and poly(LLA-co-DXO) with the latter being more hydrophilic. After 72 h, both scaffolds supported increased cell proliferation and the mRNA expression of osteocalcin and osteopontin was significantly increased after 21 days. Further investigation of these constructs, with lower levels of tin residuals, are being pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Staffan Dånmark
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Center of Clinical Dental Research, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, N-5009, Bergen, Norway, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Finne-Wistrand
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Wendel
- Centre for Oral Biology, Department of Odontology Karolinska Institutet, 141 04, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kristina Arvidson
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Center of Clinical Dental Research, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, N-5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Center of Clinical Dental Research, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, N-5009, Bergen, Norway,
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Erdemli O, Captug O, Bilgili H, Orhan D, Tezcaner A, Keskin D. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the effects of demineralized bone matrix or calcium sulfate addition to polycaprolactone-bioglass composites. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2010; 21:295-308. [PMID: 19756968 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 08/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to improve the efficacy of polycaprolactone/bioglass (PCL/BG) bone substitute using demineralized bone matrix (DBM) or calcium sulfate (CS) as a third component. Composite discs involving either DBM or CS were prepared by compression moulding. Bioactivity of discs was evaluated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (ESCA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) following simulated body fluid incubation. The closest Calcium/Phosphate ratio to that of hydroxyl carbonate apatite crystals was observed for PCL/ BG/DBM group (1.53) after 15 day incubation. Addition of fillers increased microhardness and compressive modulus of discs. However, after 4 and 6-week PBS incubations, PCL/BG/DBM discs showed significant decrease in modulus (from 266.23 to 54.04 and 33.45 MPa, respectively) in parallel with its highest water uptakes (36.3 and 34.7%). Discs preserved their integrity with only considerable weight loss (7.5-14.5%) in PCL/BG/DBM group. In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that all discs were biocompatible.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Erdemli
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
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Guarino V, Taddei P, Foggia MD, Fagnano C, Ciapetti G, Ambrosio L. The Influence of Hydroxyapatite Particles on In Vitro Degradation Behavior of Poly ɛ-Caprolactone–Based Composite Scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:3655-68. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Taddei
- Biochemistry Department “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Di Foggia
- Biochemistry Department “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Concezio Fagnano
- Biochemistry Department “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriela Ciapetti
- Laboratory for Pathophysiology of Orthopaedic Implants, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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Ahmed I, Parsons A, Jones A, Walker G, Scotchford C, Rudd C. Cytocompatibility and Effect of Increasing MgO Content in a Range of Quaternary Invert Phosphate-based Glasses. J Biomater Appl 2009; 24:555-75. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328209102761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, phosphate-based glass (PBG) fibers have been used to reinforce the biodegradable polymers polycaprolactone and polylactic acid, in order to fabricate materials suitable for use as resorbable bone fracture fixation devices. However, the PBG fibers investigated tended to degrade too quickly for application. Therefore, more durable PBG formulations were sought with emphasis remaining firmly placed on their biocompatibility. In this study, four invert PBG formulations (in the system P2O5—CaO—MgO—Na 2O) were produced with fixed phosphate and calcium content at 40 and 25 mol%, respectively. MgO was added at 10—30 mol% in place of Na 2O and the maximum divalent cation to phosphate ratio obtained was 1.375. Thermal analyses showed a linear increase in Tg with increasing MgO content. This was proposed to be due to an increase in the cross-link density of the glass network, which also improved the chemical durability of the glass. EDX analyses were also conducted to verify the final composition of the glass. XRD analyses confirmed the amorphous nature of the glasses investigated. Rapid quenching of the Mg30 glass revealed a degree of surface crystallization, which was shown to be a CaMgP2O7 phase. The degradation rates of the glasses investigated decreased with increasing MgO content. The decrease in rate seen was almost two orders of magnitude (a ×50 difference was seen between glass Mg0 and Mg30). The cytocompatibility studies of the formulations investigated showed good cellular response over time for up to 14 days. Statistical analysis revealed that the formulations investigated gave a response comparable to the tissue culture plastic control. It is suggested that invert PBG provide degradation profiles and the cytocompatibility response desired to make these glasses useful for bone repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifty Ahmed
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Materials Mechanics and Structures University of Nottingham, University Park Campus Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK,
| | - Andrew Parsons
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Materials Mechanics and Structures University of Nottingham, University Park Campus Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Arthur Jones
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Materials Mechanics and Structures University of Nottingham, University Park Campus Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Gavin Walker
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Materials Mechanics and Structures University of Nottingham, University Park Campus Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Colin Scotchford
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Materials Mechanics and Structures University of Nottingham, University Park Campus Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Chris Rudd
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Materials Mechanics and Structures University of Nottingham, University Park Campus Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Li WJ, Chiang H, Kuo TF, Lee HS, Jiang CC, Tuan RS. Evaluation of articular cartilage repair using biodegradable nanofibrous scaffolds in a swine model: a pilot study. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2009; 3:1-10. [PMID: 19004029 DOI: 10.1002/term.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate a cell-seeded nanofibrous scaffold for cartilage repair in vivo. We used a biodegradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold seeded with allogeneic chondrocytes or xenogeneic human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), or acellular PCL scaffolds, with no implant as a control to repair iatrogenic, 7 mm full-thickness cartilage defects in a swine model. Six months after implantation, MSC-seeded constructs showed the most complete repair in the defects compared to other groups. Macroscopically, the MSC-seeded constructs regenerated hyaline cartilage-like tissue and restored a smooth cartilage surface, while the chondrocyte-seeded constructs produced mostly fibrocartilage-like tissue with a discontinuous superficial cartilage contour. Incomplete repair containing fibrocartilage or fibrous tissue was found in the acellular constructs and the no-implant control group. Quantitative histological evaluation showed overall higher scores for the chondrocyte- and MSC-seeded constructs than the acellular construct and the no-implant groups. Mechanical testing showed the highest equilibrium compressive stress of 1.5 MPa in the regenerated cartilage produced by the MSC-seeded constructs, compared to 1.2 MPa in the chondrocyte-seeded constructs, 1.0 MPa in the acellular constructs and 0.2 MPa in the no-implant group. No evidence of immune reaction to the allogeneically- and xenogeneically-derived regenerated cartilage was observed, possibly related to the immunosuppressive activities of MSCs, suggesting the feasibility of allogeneic or xenogeneic transplantation of MSCs for cell-based therapy. Taken together, our results showed that biodegradable nanofibrous scaffolds seeded with MSCs effectively repair cartilage defects in vivo, and that the current approach is promising for cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ju Li
- Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-8022, USA
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Yen K, Mandal TK, Woo E. Enhancement of bio‐compatibility via specific interactions in polyesters modified with a bio‐resourceful macromolecular ester containing polyphenol groups. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 86:701-12. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ahmed I, Parsons A, Palmer G, Knowles J, Walker G, Rudd C. Weight loss, ion release and initial mechanical properties of a binary calcium phosphate glass fibre/PCL composite. Acta Biomater 2008; 4:1307-14. [PMID: 18448401 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Composites comprising a biodegradable polymeric matrix and a bioactive filler show considerable promise in the field of regenerative medicine, and could potentially serve as degradable bone fracture fixation devices, depending on the properties obtained. Therefore, glass fibres from a binary calcium phosphate (50P(2)O(5)+50CaO) glass were used to reinforce polycaprolactone, at two different volume fractions (V(f)). As-drawn, non-treated and heat-treated fibres were assessed. Weight loss, ion release and the initial mechanical properties of the fibres and composites produced have been investigated. Single fibre tensile testing revealed a fibre strength of 474MPa and a tensile modulus of 44GPa. Weibull analysis suggested a scale value of 524. The composites yielded flexural strength and modulus of up to 30MPa and 2.5GPa, respectively. These values are comparable with human trabecular bone. An 8% mass loss was seen for the lower V(f) composite, whereas for the two higher V(f) composites an approximate 20% mass loss was observed over the course of the 5week study. A plateau in the degradation profile at 350h indicated that fibre dissolution was complete at this interval. This assertion was further supported via ion release studies. The leaching of fibres from the composite created a porous structure, including continuous channels within the polymer matrix. This offers further scope for tailoring scaffold development, as cells from the surrounding tissue may be induced to migrate into the resulting porous matrix.
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Coraça DC, Duek EAR, Padovani CA, Camilli JA. Osteointegration of poly(L: -lactic acid)PLLA and poly(L: -lactic acid)PLLA/poly(ethylene oxide)PEO implants in rat tibiae. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2008; 19:2699-2704. [PMID: 18283533 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3397-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2006] [Accepted: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Natural or synthetic materials may be used to aid tissue repair of fracture or pathologies where there has been a loss of bone mass. Polymeric materials have been widely studied, aiming at their use in orthopaedics and aesthetic plastic surgery. Polymeric biodegradable blends formed from two or more kinds of polymers could present faster degradation rate than homopolymers. The purpose of this work was to compare the biological response of two biomaterials: poly(L: -lactic acid)PLLA and poly(L: -lactic acid)PLLA/poly(ethylene oxide)PEO blend. Forty four-week-old rats were divided into two groups of 20 animals, of which one group received PLLA and the other PLLA/PEO implants. In each of the animals, one of the biomaterials was implanted in the proximal epiphysis of the right tibia. Each group was divided into subgroups of 5 animals, and sacrificed 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks after surgery, respectively. Samples were then processed for analysis by light microscopy. Newly formed bone was found around both PLLA and PLLA/PEO implants. PLLA/PEO blends had a porous morphology after immersion in a buffer solution and in vivo implantation. The proportion 50/50 PLLA/PEO blend was adequate to promote this porous morphology, which resulted in gradual bone tissue growth into the implant.
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Lee HH, Yu HS, Jang JH, Kim HW. Bioactivity improvement of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) membrane with the addition of nanofibrous bioactive glass. Acta Biomater 2008; 4:622-9. [PMID: 18171636 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2007.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2007] [Revised: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 10/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanofibrous glass with a bioactive composition was added to a degradable polymer poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) to produce a nanocomposite in thin membrane form ( approximately 260 microm). The bioactivity and osteoblastic responses of the nanocomposite membrane were examined and compared with those of a pure PCL membrane. Glass nanofibers with diameters in the range of hundreds of nanometers were added to a PCL solution at 20 wt.%, and the mixture was stirred vigorously and air dried. The obtained nanocomposite membrane showed that many chopped glass nanofibers formed by the mixing step were embedded uniformly into the PCL matrix. The nanocomposite membrane induced the rapid formation of apatite-like minerals on the surface when immersed in a simulated body fluid. Murine-derived osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) grew actively over the nanocomposite membrane with cell viability significantly improved compared with those on the pure PCL membrane. Moreover, the osteoblastic activity, as assessed by the expression of alkaline phosphatase, was significantly higher on the nanocomposite membrane than on the pure PCL membrane. The currently developed nanocomposite of the bioactive glass-added PCL might find applications in the bone regeneration areas such as the guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
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