1
|
Schüßler D, Blanco MB, Guthrie NK, Sgarlata GM, Dammhahn M, Ernest R, Evasoa MR, Hasiniaina A, Hending D, Jan F, le Pors B, Miller A, Olivieri G, Rakotonanahary AN, Rakotondranary SJ, Rakotondravony R, Ralantoharijaona T, Ramananjato V, Randrianambinina B, Raoelinjanakolona NN, Rasoazanabary E, Rasoloarison RM, Rasolofoson DW, Rasoloharijaona S, Rasolondraibe E, Roberts SH, Teixeira H, van Elst T, Johnson SE, Ganzhorn JU, Chikhi L, Kappeler PM, Louis EE, Salmona J, Radespiel U. Morphological variability or inter-observer bias? A methodological toolkit to improve data quality of multi-researcher datasets for the analysis of morphological variation. Am J Biol Anthropol 2024; 183:60-78. [PMID: 37607125 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The investigation of morphological variation in animals is widely used in taxonomy, ecology, and evolution. Using large datasets for meta-analyses has dramatically increased, raising concerns about dataset compatibilities and biases introduced by contributions of multiple researchers. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compiled morphological data on 13 variables for 3073 individual mouse lemurs (Cheirogaleidae, Microcebus spp.) from 25 taxa and 153 different sampling locations, measured by 48 different researchers. We introduced and applied a filtering pipeline and quantified improvements in data quality (Shapiro-Francia statistic, skewness, and excess kurtosis). The filtered dataset was then used to test for genus-wide sexual size dimorphism and the applicability of Rensch's, Allen's, and Bergmann's rules. RESULTS Our pipeline reduced inter-observer bias (i.e., increased normality of data distributions). Inter-observer reliability of measurements was notably variable, highlighting the need to reduce data collection biases. Although subtle, we found a consistent pattern of sexual size dimorphism across Microcebus, with females being the larger (but not heavier) sex. Sexual size dimorphism was isometric, providing no support for Rensch's rule. Variations in tail length but not in ear size were consistent with the predictions of Allen's rule. Body mass and length followed a pattern contrary to predictions of Bergmann's rule. DISCUSSION We highlighted the usefulness of large multi-researcher datasets for testing ecological hypotheses after correcting for inter-observer biases. Using genus-wide tests, we outlined generalizable patterns of morphological variability across all mouse lemurs. This new methodological toolkit aims to facilitate future large-scale morphological comparisons for a wide range of taxa and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schüßler
- Institute of Biology and Chemistry, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | | | - Nicola K Guthrie
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Mamy Rina Evasoa
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alida Hasiniaina
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- School for International Training, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Fabien Jan
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Alex Miller
- Perth Zoo, South Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gillian Olivieri
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Romule Rakotondravony
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Tantely Ralantoharijaona
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Veronarindra Ramananjato
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Mention Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Blanchard Randrianambinina
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Nancia N Raoelinjanakolona
- Mention Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Rodin M Rasoloarison
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David W Rasolofoson
- Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Primates de Madagascar (GERP), Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Solofonirina Rasoloharijaona
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Emmanuel Rasolondraibe
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | | | - Helena Teixeira
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- UMR ENTROPIE, Université de La Réunion, La Réunion, France
| | - Tobias van Elst
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Steig E Johnson
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jörg U Ganzhorn
- Animal Ecology and Conservation, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lounès Chikhi
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174, IRD, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Peter M Kappeler
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Anthropology/Sociobiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Edward E Louis
- Madagascar Biodiversity Partnership (MBP), Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jordi Salmona
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174, IRD, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Ute Radespiel
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Salmona J, Dresen A, Ranaivoson AE, Manzi S, Le Pors B, Hong-Wa C, Razanatsoa J, Andriaholinirina NV, Rasoloharijaona S, Vavitsara ME, Besnard G. How ancient forest fragmentation and riparian connectivity generate high levels of genetic diversity in a microendemic Malagasy tree. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:299-315. [PMID: 36320175 PMCID: PMC10100191 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Understanding landscape changes is central to predicting evolutionary trajectories and defining conservation practices. While human-driven deforestation is intense throughout Madagascar, exceptions in areas such as the Loky-Manambato region (north) raise questions regarding the causes and age of forest fragmentation. The Loky-Manambato region also harbours a rich and endemic flora, whose evolutionary origin remains poorly understood. We assessed the genetic diversity of an endangered microendemic Malagasy olive species (Noronhia spinifolia Hong-Wa) to better understand the vegetation dynamics in the Loky-Manambato region and its influence on past evolutionary processes. We characterized 72 individuals sampled across eight forests through nuclear and mitochondrial restriction-associated DNA sequencing data and chloroplast microsatellites. Combined population and landscape genetics analyses indicate that N. spinifolia diversity is largely explained by the current forest cover, highlighting a long-standing habitat mosaic in the region. This sustains a major and long-term role of riparian corridors in maintaining connectivity across these antique mosaic habitats, calling for the study of organismal interactions that promote gene flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Salmona
- CNRS-UPS-IRD, UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Axel Dresen
- CNRS-UPS-IRD, UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anicet E Ranaivoson
- CNRS-UPS-IRD, UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Sophie Manzi
- CNRS-UPS-IRD, UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Cynthia Hong-Wa
- Claude E. Phillips Herbarium, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, USA
| | - Jacqueline Razanatsoa
- Herbier, Département Flore, Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | | | | | - Guillaume Besnard
- CNRS-UPS-IRD, UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Teixeira H, van Elst T, Ramsay MS, Rakotondravony R, Salmona J, Yoder AD, Radespiel U. RADseq Data Suggest Occasional Hybridization between Microcebus murinus and M. ravelobensis in Northwestern Madagascar. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:913. [PMID: 35627298 PMCID: PMC9140448 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of natural hybridization has been reported in a wide range of organisms, including primates. The present study focuses on the endemic lemurs of Madagascar, primates for which only a few species occur in sympatry or parapatry with congeners, thereby creating limited opportunity for natural hybridization. This study examines RADseq data from 480 individuals to investigate whether the recent expansion of Microcebus murinus towards the northwest and subsequent secondary contact with Microcebus ravelobensis has resulted in the occurrence of hybridization between the two species. Admixture analysis identified one individual with 26% of nuclear admixture, which may correspond to an F2- or F3-hybrid. A composite-likelihood approach was subsequently used to test the fit of alternative phylogeographic scenarios to the genomic data and to date introgression. The simulations yielded support for low levels of gene flow (2Nm0 = 0.063) between the two species starting before the Last Glacial Maximum (between 54 and 142 kyr). Since M. murinus most likely colonized northwestern Madagascar during the Late Pleistocene, the rather recent secondary contact with M. ravelobensis has likely created the opportunity for occasional hybridization. Although reproductive isolation between these distantly related congeners is not complete, it is effective in maintaining species boundaries.
Collapse
|
4
|
Tinsman J, Volampeno S, Ganas-Swaray J, Gann D, Andrianirina N, Chamizo M, Ralazampirenena C, Ranaivoarisoa JF, Ravaoarisoa H, Rivero J, Zamora A, Gomes CM. Habitat use by the island lemurs of Nosy Be, Madagascar. Am J Primatol 2022; 84:e23362. [PMID: 35098568 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Madagascar's lemurs are threatened by forest loss, fragmentation, and degradation. Many species use flexible behaviors to survive in degraded habitat, but their ability to persist in very small areas may be limited. Insular lemurs, like those found on Nosy Be, an island off the northwestern coast of Madagascar, are at heightened risk of sudden population declines and extirpation. Nosy Be is home to two Critically Endangered species-the endemic Nosy Be sportive lemur (Lepilemur tymerlachsoni) and Claire's mouse lemur (Microcebus mamiratra)-as well as the Endangered black lemur (Eulemur macaco). Most of the remaining forest on Nosy Be is protected by the 862-ha Lokobe National Park. To document how Nosy Be lemurs use their restricted habitat, we conducted vegetation and reconnaissance surveys on 53 transects in and around Lokobe. We collected data on tree size, canopy cover, understory visibility, and elevation for 248 lemur sightings. We used a spatially explicit, multi-species occupancy model to investigate which forest-structure variables are important to lemurs. Our results represent some of the first data on habitat use by insular lemurs. Black lemurs preferred significantly larger trees and areas with less dense understory. They also occurred significantly less outside of Lokobe National Park, even when accounting for sampling effort and geography. The distributions of the sportive and mouse lemurs were not related to the forest structure variables we documented, but they did negatively predict each other-perhaps because their habitat requirements differ. These results also underscore the importance of the national park to protecting the black lemur population on Nosy Be and raise questions about what factors do influence the distribution of Nosy Be's smaller lemurs. Close monitoring is needed to prevent these populations and the ecosystem services they provide from disappearing, as have other island lemurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen Tinsman
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment & Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel Gann
- Department of Biology, FIU, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Natacha Andrianirina
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Anthropobiology and Sustainable Development, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Madison Chamizo
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Claude Ralazampirenena
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Ministère de l'Environnement et du Développement Durable, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jean F Ranaivoarisoa
- Department of Anthropobiology and Sustainable Development, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Hasina Ravaoarisoa
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Anthropobiology and Sustainable Development, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Josie Rivero
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Ecology & Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew Zamora
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cristina M Gomes
- Tropical Conservation Institute, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Teixeira H, Montade V, Salmona J, Metzger J, Bremond L, Kasper T, Daut G, Rouland S, Ranarilalatiana S, Rakotondravony R, Chikhi L, Behling H, Radespiel U. Past environmental changes affected lemur population dynamics prior to human impact in Madagascar. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1084. [PMID: 34526636 PMCID: PMC8443640 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02620-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Quaternary climatic changes have been invoked as important drivers of species diversification worldwide. However, the impact of such changes on vegetation and animal population dynamics in tropical regions remains debated. To overcome this uncertainty, we integrated high-resolution paleoenvironmental reconstructions from a sedimentary record covering the past 25,000 years with demographic inferences of a forest-dwelling primate species (Microcebus arnholdi), in northern Madagascar. Result comparisons suggest that climate changes through the African Humid Period (15.2 - 5.5 kyr) strongly affected the demographic dynamics of M. arnholdi. We further inferred a population decline in the last millennium which was likely shaped by the combination of climatic and anthropogenic impacts. Our findings demonstrate that population fluctuations in Malagasy wildlife were substantial prior to a significant human impact. This provides a critical knowledge of climatically driven, environmental and ecological changes in the past, which is essential to better understand the dynamics and resilience of current biodiversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Teixeira
- grid.412970.90000 0001 0126 6191Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Vincent Montade
- grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210University of Goettingen, Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Goettingen, Germany ,grid.462058.d0000 0001 2188 7059ISEM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier, France
| | - Jordi Salmona
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XCNRS-UPS-IRD, UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Julia Metzger
- grid.412970.90000 0001 0126 6191Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17p, 30559 Hannover, Germany ,grid.419538.20000 0000 9071 0620Veterinary Functional Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laurent Bremond
- grid.462058.d0000 0001 2188 7059ISEM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Kasper
- grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Department of Physical Geography, Loebdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gerhard Daut
- grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Department of Physical Geography, Loebdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sylvie Rouland
- grid.462058.d0000 0001 2188 7059ISEM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandratrinirainy Ranarilalatiana
- grid.440419.c0000 0001 2165 5629Université d’Antananarivo, Faculté des Sciences, Mention Biologie et Ecologie Végétale, Laboratoire de Palynologie Appliquée, B.P 905 - 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Romule Rakotondravony
- Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels (EDEN), University of Mahajanga, 5 Rue Georges V - Immeuble KAKAL, Mahajanga Be, B.P. 652, Mahajanga, 401 Madagascar ,Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l’Environnement, University of Mahajanga, 5 Rue Georges V - Immeuble KAKAL, Mahajanga Be, B.P. 652, Mahajanga, 401 Madagascar
| | - Lounès Chikhi
- grid.418346.c0000 0001 2191 3202Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, P-2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal ,grid.4399.70000000122879528Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, Bât. 4R1, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Hermann Behling
- grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210University of Goettingen, Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ute Radespiel
- grid.412970.90000 0001 0126 6191Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Poelstra JW, Salmona J, Tiley GP, Schüßler D, Blanco MB, Andriambeloson JB, Bouchez O, Campbell CR, Etter PD, Hohenlohe PA, Hunnicutt KE, Iribar A, Johnson EA, Kappeler PM, Larsen PA, Manzi S, Ralison JM, Randrianambinina B, Rasoloarison RM, Rasolofoson DW, Stahlke AR, Weisrock DW, Williams RC, Chikhi L, Louis EE, Radespiel U, Yoder AD. Cryptic Patterns of Speciation in Cryptic Primates: Microendemic Mouse Lemurs and the Multispecies Coalescent. Syst Biol 2020; 70:203-218. [PMID: 32642760 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syaa053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse lemurs (Microcebus) are a radiation of morphologically cryptic primates distributed throughout Madagascar for which the number of recognized species has exploded in the past two decades. This taxonomic revision has prompted understandable concern that there has been substantial oversplitting in the mouse lemur clade. Here, we investigate mouse lemur diversity in a region in northeastern Madagascar with high levels of microendemism and predicted habitat loss. We analyzed RADseq data with multispecies coalescent (MSC) species delimitation methods for two pairs of sister lineages that include three named species and an undescribed lineage previously identified to have divergent mtDNA. Marked differences in effective population sizes, levels of gene flow, patterns of isolation-by-distance, and species delimitation results were found among the two pairs of lineages. Whereas all tests support the recognition of the presently undescribed lineage as a separate species, the species-level distinction of two previously described species, M. mittermeieri and M. lehilahytsara is not supported-a result that is particularly striking when using the genealogical discordance index (gdi). Nonsister lineages occur sympatrically in two of the localities sampled for this study, despite an estimated divergence time of less than 1 Ma. This suggests rapid evolution of reproductive isolation in the focal lineages and in the mouse lemur clade generally. The divergence time estimates reported here are based on the MSC calibrated with pedigree-based mutation rates and are considerably more recent than previously published fossil-calibrated relaxed-clock estimates. We discuss the possible explanations for this discrepancy, noting that there are theoretical justifications for preferring the MSC estimates in this case. [Cryptic species; effective population size; microendemism; multispecies coalescent; speciation; species delimitation.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordi Salmona
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - George P Tiley
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Dominik Schüßler
- Research Group Ecology and Environmental Education, Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitaetsplatz 1, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Marina B Blanco
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Duke Lemur Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Jean B Andriambeloson
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Olivier Bouchez
- INRA, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - C Ryan Campbell
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Paul D Etter
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Paul A Hohenlohe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Kelsie E Hunnicutt
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Amaia Iribar
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric A Johnson
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Peter M Kappeler
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter A Larsen
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Sophie Manzi
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - JosÉ M Ralison
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Blanchard Randrianambinina
- Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Primates de Madagascar (GERP), BP 779, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.,Faculté des Sciences, University of Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Rodin M Rasoloarison
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - David W Rasolofoson
- Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Primates de Madagascar (GERP), BP 779, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Amanda R Stahlke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - David W Weisrock
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Rachel C Williams
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Duke Lemur Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - LounÈs Chikhi
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Edward E Louis
- Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ute Radespiel
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany Jelmer Poelstra, Jordi Salmona, George P. Tiley are the joint first authors. Ute Radespiel and Anne D. Yoder are the joint senior authors
| | - Anne D Yoder
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hending D, Sgarlata GM, Le Pors B, Rasolondraibe E, Jan F, Rakotonanahary AN, Ralantoharijaona TN, Debulois S, Andrianiaina A, Cotton S, Rasoloharijaona S, Zaonarivelo JR, Andriaholinirina NV, Chikhi L, Salmona J. Distribution and conservation status of the endangered Montagne d’Ambre fork-marked lemur (Phaner electromontis). J Mammal 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The geographic distribution of a species can provide insights into its population size, ecology, evolution, and how it responded to past (and may respond to future) environmental change. Improving our knowledge of the distribution of threatened species thus is a high priority in assessing their conservation status. However, there are few data available for many recently described yet understudied and potentially threatened primate taxa, making their conservation difficult. Here, we investigated the distribution of the Montagne d’Ambre fork-marked lemur, Phaner electromontis, a threatened nocturnal primate endemic to northern Madagascar and classified as Endangered by the IUCN. Because fork-marked lemurs are highly vocal, we used acoustic surveys to assess the species’ presence-absence and relative population density within 66 distinct forest survey sites in northern Madagascar. Further, we compared data among five forest types within the study area and investigated the relationship between relative population density and climate variables. We report the presence of P. electromontis in 22 study sites; several of these populations were unknown previously. Although we found P. electromontis most frequently in dry-transitional forests, our results suggest that geography (spatial autocorrelation) rather than environmental variables explains the species’ distribution. We hypothesize that environmental unpredictability and gummivory, combined with the presence of several distinct Phaner species in the studied area, could explain the observed distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hending
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Field Conservation and Science, Bristol Zoological Society, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Fabien Jan
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciênca, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | | | - Stéphane Debulois
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), Toulouse, France
| | - Angelo Andrianiaina
- Mention: Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Sam Cotton
- Department of Field Conservation and Science, Bristol Zoological Society, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - John R Zaonarivelo
- Département des Sciences de la Nature et de l’Environnement, Université d’Antsiranana, Antsiranana, Madagascar
| | | | - Lounès Chikhi
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), Toulouse, France
| | | |
Collapse
|