1
|
Sgarlata GM, Rasolondraibe E, Salmona J, Le Pors B, Ralantoharijaona T, Rakotonanahary A, Jan F, Manzi S, Iribar A, Zaonarivelo JR, Volasoa Andriaholinirina N, Rasoloharijaona S, Chikhi L. The genomic diversity of the Eliurus genus in northern Madagascar with a putative new species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 193:107997. [PMID: 38128795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Madagascar exhibits extraordinarily high level of species richness and endemism, while being severely threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation (HL&F). In front of these threats to biodiversity, conservation effort can be directed, for instance, in the documentation of species that are still unknown to science, or in investigating how species respond to HL&F. The tufted-tail rats genus (Eliurus spp.) is the most speciose genus of endemic rodents in Madagascar, with 13 described species, which occupy two major habitat types: dry or humid forests. The large species diversity and association to specific habitat types make the Eliurus genus a suitable model for investigating species adaptation to new environments, as well as response to HL&F (dry vs humid). In the present study, we investigated Eliurus spp. genomic diversity across northern Madagascar, a region covered by both dry and humid fragmented forests. From the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear genomic (RAD-seq) data of 124 Eliurus individuals sampled in poorly studied forests of northern Madagascar, we identified an undescribed Eliurus taxon (Eliurus sp. nova). We tested the hypothesis of a new Eliurus species using several approaches: i) DNA barcoding; ii) phylogenetic inferences; iii) species delimitation tests based on the Multi-Species Coalescent (MSC) model, iv) genealogical divergence index (gdi); v) an ad-hoc test of isolation-by-distance within versus between sister-taxa, vi) comparisons of %GC content patterns and vii) morphological analyses. All analyses support the recognition of the undescribed lineage as a putative distinct species. In addition, we show that Eliurus myoxinus, a species known from the dry forests of western Madagascar, is, surprisingly, found mostly in humid forests in northern Madagascar. In conclusion, we discuss the implications of such findings in the context of Eliurus species evolution and diversification, and use the distribution of northern Eliurus species as a proxy for reconstructing past changes in forest cover and vegetation type in northern Madagascar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emmanuel Rasolondraibe
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar.
| | - Jordi Salmona
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE),Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 -Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France.
| | - Barbara Le Pors
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tantely Ralantoharijaona
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Ando Rakotonanahary
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar.
| | - Fabien Jan
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sophie Manzi
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE),Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 -Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France.
| | - Amaia Iribar
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE),Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 -Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France.
| | - John Rigobert Zaonarivelo
- Département des Sciences de la Nature et de l'Environnement, Université d'Antsiranana, 201 Antsiranana, Madagascar.
| | | | - Solofonirina Rasoloharijaona
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Lounès Chikhi
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE),Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 -Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schüßler D, Blanco MB, Guthrie NK, Sgarlata GM, Dammhahn M, Ernest R, Evasoa MR, Hasiniaina A, Hending D, Jan F, le Pors B, Miller A, Olivieri G, Rakotonanahary AN, Rakotondranary SJ, Rakotondravony R, Ralantoharijaona T, Ramananjato V, Randrianambinina B, Raoelinjanakolona NN, Rasoazanabary E, Rasoloarison RM, Rasolofoson DW, Rasoloharijaona S, Rasolondraibe E, Roberts SH, Teixeira H, van Elst T, Johnson SE, Ganzhorn JU, Chikhi L, Kappeler PM, Louis EE, Salmona J, Radespiel U. Morphological variability or inter-observer bias? A methodological toolkit to improve data quality of multi-researcher datasets for the analysis of morphological variation. Am J Biol Anthropol 2024; 183:60-78. [PMID: 37607125 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The investigation of morphological variation in animals is widely used in taxonomy, ecology, and evolution. Using large datasets for meta-analyses has dramatically increased, raising concerns about dataset compatibilities and biases introduced by contributions of multiple researchers. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compiled morphological data on 13 variables for 3073 individual mouse lemurs (Cheirogaleidae, Microcebus spp.) from 25 taxa and 153 different sampling locations, measured by 48 different researchers. We introduced and applied a filtering pipeline and quantified improvements in data quality (Shapiro-Francia statistic, skewness, and excess kurtosis). The filtered dataset was then used to test for genus-wide sexual size dimorphism and the applicability of Rensch's, Allen's, and Bergmann's rules. RESULTS Our pipeline reduced inter-observer bias (i.e., increased normality of data distributions). Inter-observer reliability of measurements was notably variable, highlighting the need to reduce data collection biases. Although subtle, we found a consistent pattern of sexual size dimorphism across Microcebus, with females being the larger (but not heavier) sex. Sexual size dimorphism was isometric, providing no support for Rensch's rule. Variations in tail length but not in ear size were consistent with the predictions of Allen's rule. Body mass and length followed a pattern contrary to predictions of Bergmann's rule. DISCUSSION We highlighted the usefulness of large multi-researcher datasets for testing ecological hypotheses after correcting for inter-observer biases. Using genus-wide tests, we outlined generalizable patterns of morphological variability across all mouse lemurs. This new methodological toolkit aims to facilitate future large-scale morphological comparisons for a wide range of taxa and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schüßler
- Institute of Biology and Chemistry, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | | | - Nicola K Guthrie
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Mamy Rina Evasoa
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alida Hasiniaina
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- School for International Training, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Fabien Jan
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Alex Miller
- Perth Zoo, South Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gillian Olivieri
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Romule Rakotondravony
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Tantely Ralantoharijaona
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Veronarindra Ramananjato
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Mention Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Blanchard Randrianambinina
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Nancia N Raoelinjanakolona
- Mention Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Rodin M Rasoloarison
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David W Rasolofoson
- Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Primates de Madagascar (GERP), Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Solofonirina Rasoloharijaona
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Emmanuel Rasolondraibe
- Faculté des Sciences, de Technologies et de l'Environnement, Ecole Doctorale Ecosystèmes Naturels, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | | | - Helena Teixeira
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- UMR ENTROPIE, Université de La Réunion, La Réunion, France
| | - Tobias van Elst
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Steig E Johnson
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jörg U Ganzhorn
- Animal Ecology and Conservation, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lounès Chikhi
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174, IRD, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Peter M Kappeler
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Anthropology/Sociobiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Edward E Louis
- Madagascar Biodiversity Partnership (MBP), Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jordi Salmona
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR5174, IRD, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Ute Radespiel
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hending D, Sgarlata GM, Le Pors B, Rasolondraibe E, Jan F, Rakotonanahary AN, Ralantoharijaona TN, Debulois S, Andrianiaina A, Cotton S, Rasoloharijaona S, Zaonarivelo JR, Andriaholinirina NV, Chikhi L, Salmona J. Distribution and conservation status of the endangered Montagne d’Ambre fork-marked lemur (Phaner electromontis). J Mammal 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The geographic distribution of a species can provide insights into its population size, ecology, evolution, and how it responded to past (and may respond to future) environmental change. Improving our knowledge of the distribution of threatened species thus is a high priority in assessing their conservation status. However, there are few data available for many recently described yet understudied and potentially threatened primate taxa, making their conservation difficult. Here, we investigated the distribution of the Montagne d’Ambre fork-marked lemur, Phaner electromontis, a threatened nocturnal primate endemic to northern Madagascar and classified as Endangered by the IUCN. Because fork-marked lemurs are highly vocal, we used acoustic surveys to assess the species’ presence-absence and relative population density within 66 distinct forest survey sites in northern Madagascar. Further, we compared data among five forest types within the study area and investigated the relationship between relative population density and climate variables. We report the presence of P. electromontis in 22 study sites; several of these populations were unknown previously. Although we found P. electromontis most frequently in dry-transitional forests, our results suggest that geography (spatial autocorrelation) rather than environmental variables explains the species’ distribution. We hypothesize that environmental unpredictability and gummivory, combined with the presence of several distinct Phaner species in the studied area, could explain the observed distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hending
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Field Conservation and Science, Bristol Zoological Society, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Fabien Jan
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciênca, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | | | - Stéphane Debulois
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), Toulouse, France
| | - Angelo Andrianiaina
- Mention: Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Sam Cotton
- Department of Field Conservation and Science, Bristol Zoological Society, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - John R Zaonarivelo
- Département des Sciences de la Nature et de l’Environnement, Université d’Antsiranana, Antsiranana, Madagascar
| | | | - Lounès Chikhi
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), Toulouse, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sgarlata GM, Salmona J, Le Pors B, Rasolondraibe E, Jan F, Ralantoharijaona T, Rakotonanahary A, Randriamaroson J, Marques AJ, Aleixo-Pais I, de Zoeten T, Ousseni DSA, Knoop SB, Teixeira H, Gabillaud V, Miller A, Ibouroi MT, Rasoloharijaona S, Zaonarivelo JR, Andriaholinirina NV, Chikhi L. Genetic and morphological diversity of mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) in northern Madagascar: The discovery of a putative new species? Am J Primatol 2019; 81:e23070. [PMID: 31808195 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tropical forests harbor extremely high levels of biological diversity and are quickly disappearing. Despite the increasingly recognized high rate of habitat loss, it is expected that new species will be discovered as more effort is put to document tropical biodiversity. Exploring under-studied regions is particularly urgent if we consider the rapid changes in habitat due to anthropogenic activities. Madagascar is known for its extraordinary biological diversity and endemicity. It is also threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. It holds more than 100 endemic primate species (lemurs). Among these, Microcebus (mouse lemurs) is one of the more diverse genera. We sampled mouse lemurs from several sites across northern Madagascar, including forests never sampled before. We obtained morphological data from 99 Microcebus individuals; we extracted DNA from tissue samples of 42 individuals and amplified two mitochondrial loci (cytb and cox2) commonly used for species identification. Our findings update the distribution of three species (Microcebus tavaratra, Microcebus arnholdi, and Microcebus mamiratra), including a major increase in the distribution area of M. arnholdi. We also report the discovery of a new Microcebus lineage genetically related to M. arnholdi. Several complementary approaches suggest that the newly identified Microcebus lineage might correspond to a new putative species, to be confirmed or rejected with additional data. In addition, morphological analyses showed (a) clear phenotypic differences between M. tavaratra and M. arnholdi, but no clear differences between the new Microcebus lineage and the sister species M. arnholdi; and (b) a significant correlation between climatic variables and morphology, suggesting a possible relationship between species identity, morphology, and environment. By integrating morphological, climatic, genetic, and spatial data of two northern Microcebus species, we show that the spatial distribution of forest-dwelling species may be used as a proxy to reconstruct the past spatial changes in forest cover and vegetation type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordi Salmona
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciênca, Oeiras, Portugal.,Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), IRD, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Rasolondraibe
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Fabien Jan
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciênca, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tantely Ralantoharijaona
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Ando Rakotonanahary
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Jacquis Randriamaroson
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | | | - Isa Aleixo-Pais
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciênca, Oeiras, Portugal.,Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,Centre for Research in Anthropology (CRIA-FCSH/NOVA), Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Dhurham Said Ali Ousseni
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | | | - Helena Teixeira
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciênca, Oeiras, Portugal.,Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Alex Miller
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciênca, Oeiras, Portugal.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Mohamed Thani Ibouroi
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar.,Département des Sciences de la Nature et de l'Environnement, Université d'Antsiranana, Antsiranana, Madagascar.,Institut des Sciences et Industrie du Vivant et de l'environnement, AgroParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Solofonirina Rasoloharijaona
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - John Rigobert Zaonarivelo
- Département des Sciences de la Nature et de l'Environnement, Université d'Antsiranana, Antsiranana, Madagascar
| | | | - Lounès Chikhi
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciênca, Oeiras, Portugal.,Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), IRD, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aleixo-Pais I, Salmona J, Sgarlata GM, Rakotonanahary A, Sousa AP, Parreira B, Kun-Rodrigues C, Ralantoharijaona T, Jan F, Rasolondraibe E, Minhós T, Zaonarivelo JR, Andriaholinirina NV, Chikhi L. The genetic structure of a mouse lemur living in a fragmented habitat in Northern Madagascar. CONSERV GENET 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-018-1126-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
6
|
Sgarlata GM, Salmona J, Aleixo-Pais I, Rakotonanahary A, Sousa AP, Kun-Rodrigues C, Ralantoharijaona T, Jan F, Zaranaina R, Rasolondraibe E, Zaonarivelo JR, Andriaholinirina NV, Chikhi L. Genetic Differentiation and Demographic History of the Northern Rufous Mouse Lemur (Microcebus tavaratra) Across a Fragmented Landscape in Northern Madagascar. INT J PRIMATOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-018-0015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
7
|
Salmona J, Jan F, Rasolondraibe E, Besolo A, Ousseni DS, Beck A, Zaranaina R, Rakotoarisoa H, Rabarivola CJ, Chikhi L. Extensive survey of the Endangered Coquerel’s sifaka Propithecus coquereli. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2014. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
8
|
Kun-Rodrigues C, Salmona J, Besolo A, Rasolondraibe E, Rabarivola C, Marques TA, Chikhi L. New density estimates of a threatened sifaka species (Propithecus coquereli) in Ankarafantsika National Park. Am J Primatol 2014; 76:515-28. [PMID: 24443250 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Propithecus coquereli is one of the last sifaka species for which no reliable and extensive density estimates are yet available. Despite its endangered conservation status [IUCN, 2012] and recognition as a flagship species of the northwestern dry forests of Madagascar, its population in its last main refugium, the Ankarafantsika National Park (ANP), is still poorly known. Using line transect distance sampling surveys we estimated population density and abundance in the ANP. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of road, forest edge, river proximity and group size on sighting frequencies, and density estimates. We provide here the first population density estimates throughout the ANP. We found that density varied greatly among surveyed sites (from 5 to ∼100 ind/km2) which could result from significant (negative) effects of road, and forest edge, and/or a (positive) effect of river proximity. Our results also suggest that the population size may be ∼47,000 individuals in the ANP, hinting that the population likely underwent a strong decline in some parts of the Park in recent decades, possibly caused by habitat loss from fires and charcoal production and by poaching. We suggest community-based conservation actions for the largest remaining population of Coquerel's sifaka which will (i) maintain forest connectivity; (ii) implement alternatives to deforestation through charcoal production, logging, and grass fires; (iii) reduce poaching; and (iv) enable long-term monitoring of the population in collaboration with local authorities and researchers.
Collapse
|
9
|
Quéméré E, Hibert F, Miquel C, Lhuillier E, Rasolondraibe E, Champeau J, Rabarivola C, Nusbaumer L, Chatelain C, Gautier L, Ranirison P, Crouau-Roy B, Taberlet P, Chikhi L. A DNA metabarcoding study of a primate dietary diversity and plasticity across its entire fragmented range. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58971. [PMID: 23527060 PMCID: PMC3602585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In tropical regions, most primary ecosystems have been replaced by mosaic landscapes in which species must cope with a large shift in the distribution of their habitat and associated food resources. Primates are particularly vulnerable to habitat modifications. Most species persist in small fragments surrounded by complex human-mediated matrices whose structure and connectivity may strongly influence their dispersal and feeding behavior. Behavioral plasticity appears to be a crucial parameter governing the ability of organisms to exploit the resources offered by new matrix habitats and thus to persist in fragmented habitats. In this study, we were interested in the dietary plasticity of the golden-crowned sifaka (Propithecus tattersalli), an endangered species of lemur, found only in the Daraina region in north-eastern Madagascar. We used a DNA-based approach combining the barcoding concept and Illumina next-generation sequencing to (i) describe the species diet across its entire range and (ii) evaluate the influence of landscape heterogeneity on diet diversity and composition. Faeces from 96 individuals were sampled across the entire species range and their contents were analyzed using the trnL metabarcoding approach. In parallel, we built a large DNA reference database based on a checklist of the plant species of the Daraina region. Our results suggest that golden-crowned sifakas exhibit remarkable dietary diversity with at least 130 plant species belonging to 80 genera and 49 different families. We highlighted an influence of both habitat type and openness on diet composition suggesting a high flexibility of foraging strategies. Moreover, we observed the presence of numerous cultivated and naturalized plants in the faeces of groups living in forest edge areas. Overall, our findings support our initial expectation that P. tattersalli is able to cope with the current level of alteration of the landscape and confirm our previous results on the distribution and the dispersal ability of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Quéméré
- Laboratoire « Évolution et Diversité Biologique », CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier/ENFA, Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Quéméré E, Champeau J, Besolo A, Rasolondraibe E, Rabarivola C, Crouau-Roy B, Chikhi L. Spatial variation in density and total size estimates in fragmented primate populations: the golden-crowned sifaka (Propithecus tattersalli). Am J Primatol 2010; 72:72-80. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|