1
|
Dos Santos A, Umbuzeiro GDA. Proposal of a chronic toxicity test using the tropical epibenthic amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 194:115375. [PMID: 37579598 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic toxicity tests with representative organisms are essential for ecological risk assessment. The circumtropical marine amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis is a promising test organism in ecotoxicology. This study aimed to develop a chronic toxicity protocol for liquid samples testing with P. hawaiensis using reproduction and growth as endpoints. In the proposed protocol, organisms (≤52 days old) are placed in 5 replicates each containing 100 mL of solution, 10 organisms, and 5 g of crushed coral for 42 days of exposure. The protocol was successfully developed but reproduction showed better performance than growth rate. NOECs based on reproduction were determined for zinc (0.10 mg Zn L-1) and 3,4-DCA (0.50 mg L-1), and they are of the same order of magnitude compared with the values of other amphipods. The developed test based on reproduction can be considered a promising tool for hazard characterizations although more tests with different substances are still needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Dos Santos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; School of Technology, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd Elnabi MK, Elkaliny NE, Elyazied MM, Azab SH, Elkhalifa SA, Elmasry S, Mouhamed MS, Shalamesh EM, Alhorieny NA, Abd Elaty AE, Elgendy IM, Etman AE, Saad KE, Tsigkou K, Ali SS, Kornaros M, Mahmoud YAG. Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Recent Advances in Their Removal: A Review. Toxics 2023; 11:580. [PMID: 37505546 PMCID: PMC10384455 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Natural and anthropogenic sources of metals in the ecosystem are perpetually increasing; consequently, heavy metal (HM) accumulation has become a major environmental concern. Human exposure to HMs has increased dramatically due to the industrial activities of the 20th century. Mercury, arsenic lead, chrome, and cadmium have been the most prevalent HMs that have caused human toxicity. Poisonings can be acute or chronic following exposure via water, air, or food. The bioaccumulation of these HMs results in a variety of toxic effects on various tissues and organs. Comparing the mechanisms of action reveals that these metals induce toxicity via similar pathways, including the production of reactive oxygen species, the inactivation of enzymes, and oxidative stress. The conventional techniques employed for the elimination of HMs are deemed inadequate when the HM concentration is less than 100 mg/L. In addition, these methods exhibit certain limitations, including the production of secondary pollutants, a high demand for energy and chemicals, and reduced cost-effectiveness. As a result, the employment of microbial bioremediation for the purpose of HM detoxification has emerged as a viable solution, given that microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, exhibit superior biosorption and bio-accumulation capabilities. This review deals with HM uptake and toxicity mechanisms associated with HMs, and will increase our knowledge on their toxic effects on the body organs, leading to better management of metal poisoning. This review aims to enhance comprehension and offer sources for the judicious selection of microbial remediation technology for the detoxification of HMs. Microbial-based solutions that are sustainable could potentially offer crucial and cost-effective methods for reducing the toxicity of HMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manar K. Abd Elnabi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
- Biotechnology Program, Institute of Basic and Applied Science (BAS), Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt
| | - Nehal E. Elkaliny
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Maha M. Elyazied
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Shimaa H. Azab
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Shawky A. Elkhalifa
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Sohaila Elmasry
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of science, Damanhour University, Behaira 22514, Egypt;
| | - Moustafa S. Mouhamed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Ebrahim M. Shalamesh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Naira A. Alhorieny
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Abeer E. Abd Elaty
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Ibrahim M. Elgendy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Alaa E. Etman
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Kholod E. Saad
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| | - Konstantina Tsigkou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori str, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Sameh S. Ali
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori str, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Yehia A.-G. Mahmoud
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (M.K.A.E.); (N.E.E.); (M.M.E.); (S.H.A.); (S.A.E.); (M.S.M.); (E.M.S.); (N.A.A.); (A.E.A.E.); (I.M.E.); (A.E.E.); (K.E.S.); (Y.A.-G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jeong H, Byeon E, Kim DH, Maszczyk P, Lee JS. Heavy metals and metalloid in aquatic invertebrates: A review of single/mixed forms, combination with other pollutants, and environmental factors. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 191:114959. [PMID: 37146547 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and metalloid occur naturally and are found throughout the Earth's crust but they are discharged into aquatic environments at high concentrations by human activities, increasing heavy metal pollution. HMs can bioaccumulate in higher organisms through the food web and consequently affect humans. In an aquatic environment, various HMs mixtures can be present. Furthermore, HMs adsorb on other environmental pollutants, such as microplastics and persistent organic pollutants, causing a synergistic or antagonistic effect on aquatic organisms. Therefore, to understand the biological and physiological effects of HMs on aquatic organisms, it is important to evaluate the effects of exposure to combinations of complex HM mixtures and/or pollutants and other environmental factors. Aquatic invertebrates occupy an important niche in the aquatic food chain as the main energy link between higher and lower organisms. The distribution of heavy metals and the resulting toxic effects in aquatic invertebrates have been extensively studied, but few reports have dealt with the relationship between HMs, pollutants, and environmental factors in biological systems with regard to biological availability and toxicity. This review describes the overall properties of individual HM and their effects on aquatic invertebrates and comprehensively reviews physiological and biochemical endpoints in aquatic invertebrates depending on interactions among HMs, other pollutants, and environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haksoo Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Piotr Maszczyk
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Wang T, Lu J, Li Z. Seawater quality criteria derivation and ecological risk assessment for the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid in China. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 190:114871. [PMID: 37023546 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As a broad-spectrum nicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid (IMI) has been frequently recorded in seawater environments. Water quality criteria (WQC) is the maximum concentration of chemicals, which will not pose harmful effects on aquatic species in the studied water body. Nevertheless, the WQC is not available for IMI in China, which hinders the risk assessment of this emerging pollutant. This study, therefore, aims to derive the WQC for IMI through the toxicity percentile rank (TPR) and species sensitivity distribution (SSD) methodology, and to assess its ecological risk in aquatic environments. Results showed that the recommended short-term water quality criterion (SWQC) and long-term criterion (LWQC) in seawater were derived as 0.8 μg/L and 0.056 μg/L, respectively. The ecological risk of IMI in seawater shows a wide range with hazard quotient (HQ) values of up to 11.4. The environmental monitoring, risk management and pollution control for IMI, therefore, warrant further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Teng Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jinyu Lu
- College of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Zhengyan Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang N, Dorman RA, Kunz JL, Cleveland D, Steevens JA, Dunn S, Martinez AD. Influence of Water Hardness on Chronic Toxicity of Potassium Chloride to a Unionid Mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea). Environ Toxicol Chem 2023; 42:1085-1093. [PMID: 36856127 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Elevated concentrations of potassium (K) often occur in effluents from wastewater treatment plants, oil and gas production operations, mineral extraction processes, and other anthropogenic sources. Previous studies have demonstrated that freshwater mussels are highly sensitive to K in acute and chronic exposures, and that acute toxicity of K decreases with increasing water hardness. However, little is known about the influence of hardness on the chronic toxicity of K. The objective of our study was to evaluate the chronic toxicity of K (tested as KCl) to a commonly tested unionid mussel (fatmucket, Lampsilis siliquoidea) at five hardness levels (25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/L as CaCO3 ) representing most surface waters in the United States. Chronic 28-day K toxicity tests were conducted with 3-week-old juvenile fatmucket in the five hardness waters using an ASTM International standard method. The maximum acceptable toxicant concentrations (geometric mean of the no-observed-effect concentration and the lowest-observed-effect concentration) increased from 15.1 to 69.3 mg K/L for survival and from 15.1 to 35.8 mg K/L for growth (length and dry wt) and biomass when water hardness was increased from 25 mg/L (soft) to 300 mg/L (very hard). These results provide evidence to support water hardness influence on chronic K toxicity to juvenile fatmucket. However, the chronic effect concentrations based on the more sensitive endpoint (growth or biomass) increased only 2.4-fold from the soft water to the very hard water, indicating that water hardness had a limited influence on the chronic toxicity of K to the mussels. These results can be used to establish chronic toxicity thresholds for K across a broad range of water hardness and to derive environmental guideline values for K to protect freshwater mussels and other organisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1085-1093. Published 2023. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Rebecca A Dorman
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - James L Kunz
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Danielle Cleveland
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeffery A Steevens
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Suzanne Dunn
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Santore RC, Toll JE, DeForest DK, Croteau K, Baldwin A, Bergquist B, McPeek K, Tobiason K, Judd NL. Refining our understanding of metal bioavailability in sediments using information from porewater: Application of a multimetal biotic ligand model as an extension of the equilibrium partitioning sediment benchmarks. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022; 18:1335-1347. [PMID: 34953029 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The equilibrium partitioning sediment benchmarks (ESBs) derived by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in 2005 provide a mechanistic framework for understanding metal bioavailability in sediments by considering equilibrium partitioning (EqP) theory, which predicts that metal bioavailability in sediments is determined largely by partitioning to sediment particles. Factors that favor the partitioning of metals to sediment particles, such as the presence of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) and sediment organic matter, reduce metal bioavailability to benthic organisms. Because ESBs link metal bioavailability to partitioning to particles, they also predict that measuring metals in porewater can lead to a more accurate assessment of bioavailability and toxicity to benthic organisms. At the time of their development, sediment ESBs based on the analysis of porewater metal concentrations were limited to comparison with hardness-dependent metals criteria for the calculation of interstitial water benchmark units (IWBUs). However, the multimetal biotic ligand model (mBLM) provides a more comprehensive assessment of porewater metal concentrations, because it considers factors in addition to hardness, such as pH and dissolved organic carbon, and allows for interactions between metals. To evaluate the utility of the various sediment and porewater ESBs, four Hyalella azteca bioassay studies were identified that included sediment and porewater measurements of metals and porewater bioavailability parameters. Evaluations of excess simultaneously extracted metals, IWBUs, and mBLM toxic units (TUs) were compared among the bioassay studies. For porewater, IWBUs and mBLM TUs were calculated using porewater metal concentrations from samples collected using centrifugation and peepers. The percentage of correct predictions of toxicity was calculated for each benchmark comparison. The mBLM-based assessment using peeper data provided the most accurate predictions for the greatest number of samples among the evaluation methods considered. This evaluation demonstrates the value of porewater-based evaluations in conjunction with sediment chemistry in understanding toxicity observed in bioassay studies. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1335-1347. © 2021 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - John E Toll
- Windward Environmental LLC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - Amy Baldwin
- Windward Environmental LLC, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | | | - Kate McPeek
- Windward Environmental LLC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Nancy L Judd
- Windward Environmental LLC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kusi J, Maier KJ. Evaluation of silver nanoparticle acute and chronic effects on freshwater amphipod (Hyalella azteca). Aquat Toxicol 2022; 242:106016. [PMID: 34788726 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known to cause ecotoxic effects, but there are no existing derived ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) for these nanomaterials to protect freshwater aquatic life due to insufficient toxicological data. We exposed Hyalella azteca to silver nitrate, citrate-coated AgNPs (citrate-AgNPs), and polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated AgNPs (PVP-AgNPs) in a 10-day and 28-day water-only static renewal system with clean sand as a substrate for the amphipods and compared their point estimates with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) AWQC for silver. We observed that all treatments decreased the survival, growth, and biomass of H. azteca, and the order of toxicity was AgNO3 > citrate-AgNPs > PVP-AgNPs. The LC50s of AgNO3, citrate-AgNPs, and PVP-AgNPs were 3.0, 9.6, and 296.0 µg total Ag L-1, respectively, for the acute exposure and 2.4, 3.2, and 61.4 µg total Ag L-1, respectively, for the chronic exposure. Acute and chronic EC20s of citrate-AgNPs ranged from 0.5 to 3.5 µg total Ag L-1 while that of PVP-AgNPs ranged from 31.2 to 175 µg total Ag L-1 for growth and biomass. Both Ag+ released from AgNPs and the nanoparticles contributed to the observed toxicity. The dissolution and toxicity of AgNPs were influenced by surface coating agents, particle size, and surface charge. Most point estimates for AgNPs were above AWQC for silver (4.1 µg L-1) and the lowest concentration (0.12 µg/L) at which Ag is expected to cause chronic adverse effects to freshwater aquatic life. Our study demonstrates that the current AWQC for silver, in general, is protective of freshwater aquatic life against AgNPs tested in the present study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kusi
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, Mississippi Valley State University, Itta Bena, MS 38941, United States; Department of Environmental Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States.
| | - Kurt J Maier
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, Mississippi Valley State University, Itta Bena, MS 38941, United States; Department of Environmental Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Timpano AJ, Jones JW, Beaty B, Hull M, Soucek DJ, Zipper CE. Combined effects of copper, nickel, and zinc on growth of a freshwater mussel (Villosa iris) in an environmentally relevant context. Aquat Toxicol 2022; 242:106038. [PMID: 34879304 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trace metals rarely contaminate freshwaters independently, hence regulatory limits based on single-metal toxicity may be underprotective of aquatic life. This could be especially the case for rare and sensitive fauna like freshwater mussels, such as those suppressed in the Clinch and Powell Rivers in eastern USA where trace metals are long-term contaminants but at concentrations below regulatory limits. We hypothesized metal mixtures may be exerting combined effects on mussels, resulting in greater toxicity than would be predicted based on single-metal exposures. To test that hypothesis, we conducted two experiments exposing juvenile rainbow mussels (Villosa iris) for 42 days to dissolved copper, nickel, and zinc, individually and in three-metal mixtures, in an environmentally-relevant context of water with chemistry (hardness 155 mg/L as CaCO3, dissolved organic carbon 1.7-2.3 mg/L, pH 8.4) similar to that of the Clinch River, which receives alkaline mine drainage. We used a toxic unit approach, selecting test concentrations based on literature values for the lower of 28-day survival or growth (length) effect concentrations for Villosa iris or Lampsilis siliquoidea (fatmucket). Our first experiment confirmed survival and growth effects when acute and chronic water quality criteria, respectively, are approached and/or exceeded. Our second experiment, at lower concentrations, showed no effects on survival but combined effects on growth were evident: a mixture of Cu, Ni, and Zn (7.2 ± 1.2, 65.3 ± 6.1, 183 ± 32 μg/L, respectively) inhibited growth (dry weight) by 95% versus 73%, 74%, and 83% inhibition for single-metal exposures to Cu, Ni, and Zn of similar concentration (8.0 ± 1.1, 63.5 ± 4.8, 193 ± 31 μg/L, respectively). Furthermore, a mixture of Cu, Ni, and Zn with individual concentrations 21%, 29%, and 37% of their water quality criteria (3.4 ± 1.2, 21.8 ± 1.8, and 62.1 ± 8.4 µg/L, respectively) inhibited growth (dry weight) by 61% relative to controls. Our observation of combined effects suggests that regulatory limits based on single-metal toxicity may be underprotective of freshwater mussels when multiple metals are present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Timpano
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, 310 West Campus Drive, Rm 101, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Jess W Jones
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, 310 West Campus Drive, Rm 101, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - Matthew Hull
- National Center for Earth and Environmental Nanotechnology Infrastructure (NanoEarth), Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - David J Soucek
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Carl E Zipper
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Black TA, White MS, Blais JM, Hollebone B, Orihel DM, Palace VP, Rodriguez-Gil JL, Hanson ML. Surface oil is the primary driver of macroinvertebrate impacts following spills of diluted bitumen in freshwater. Environ Pollut 2021; 290:117929. [PMID: 34416496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The response of freshwater invertebrates following accidental releases of oil is not well understood. This knowledge gap is more substantial for unconventional oils such as diluted bitumen (dilbit). We evaluated the effects of dilbit on insect emergence and benthic invertebrates by conducting experimental spills in limnocorrals (10-m diameter; ~100-m3) deployed in a boreal lake at the IISD-Experimental Lakes Area, Canada. The study included seven dilbit treatments (spill volumes ranged from 1.5 L [1:66,000, oil:water, v/v] to 180 L [1:590, oil:water, v/v]), two controls, and additional lake reference sites, monitored for 11 weeks. Invertebrate emergence declined at the community level following oil addition in a significantly volume-dependent manner, and by 93-100 % over the 11 weeks following the spill in the highest treatment. Dilbit altered community structure of benthic invertebrates, but not abundance. One-year post-spill and following oil removal using traditional skimming and absorption techniques, benthic richness and abundance were greater among all treatments than the previous year. These results indicate that recovery in community composition is possible following oil removal from a lake ecosystem. Research is needed concerning the mechanisms by which surface oil directly affect adult invertebrates, whether through limiting oviposition, limiting emergence, or both. The response of benthic communities to sediment tar mats is also warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T A Black
- Department of Environment & Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - M S White
- Ecometrix, 6800 Campobello Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
| | - J M Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 9A7, Canada.
| | - B Hollebone
- Emergencies Science and Technology Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1V 1H2, Canada.
| | - D M Orihel
- School of Environmental Studies and Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - V P Palace
- International Institute for Sustainable Development - Experimental Lakes Area (IISD-ELA), Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3B 0T4, Canada.
| | - J L Rodriguez-Gil
- Department of Environment & Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 9A7, Canada; International Institute for Sustainable Development - Experimental Lakes Area (IISD-ELA), Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3B 0T4, Canada.
| | - M L Hanson
- Department of Environment & Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang N, Kunz JL, Hardesty DK, Steevens JA, Norberg-King T, Hammer EJ, Bauer CR, Augspurger T, Dunn S, Martinez D, Barnhart MC, Murray J, Bowersox M, Roberts J, Bringolf RB, Ratajczak R, Ciparis S, Cope WG, Buczek SB, Farrar D, May L, Garton M, Gillis PL, Bennett J, Salerno J, Hester B, Lockwood R, Tarr C, McIntyre D, Wardell J. Method Development for a Short-Term 7-Day Toxicity Test with Unionid Mussels. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021; 40:3392-3409. [PMID: 34592004 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The US Environmental Protection Agency's short-term freshwater effluent test methods include a fish (Pimephales promelas), a cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia), and a green alga (Raphidocelis subcapitata). There is a recognized need for additional taxa to accompany the three standard species for effluent testing. An appropriate additional taxon is unionid mussels because mussels are widely distributed, live burrowed in sediment and filter particles from the water column for food, and exhibit high sensitivity to a variety of contaminants. Multiple studies were conducted to develop a relevant and robust short-term test method for mussels. We first evaluated the comparative sensitivity of two mussel species (Villosa constricta and Lampsilis siliquoidea) and two standard species (P. promelas and C. dubia) using two mock effluents prepared by mixing ammonia and five metals (cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc) or a field-collected effluent in 7-day exposures. Both mussel species were equally or more sensitive (more than two-fold) to effluents compared with the standard species. Next, we refined the mussel test method by first determining the best feeding rate of a commercial algal mixture for three age groups (1, 2, and 3 weeks old) of L. siliquoidea in a 7-day feeding experiment, and then used the derived optimal feeding rates to assess the sensitivity of the three ages of juveniles in a 7-day reference toxicant (sodium chloride [NaCl]) test. Juvenile mussels grew substantially (30%-52% length increase) when the 1- or 2-week-old mussels were fed 2 ml twice daily and the 3-week-old mussels were fed 3 ml twice daily. The 25% inhibition concentrations (IC25s) for NaCl were similar (314-520 mg Cl/L) among the three age groups, indicating that an age range of 1- to 3-week-old mussels can be used for a 7-day test. Finally, using the refined test method, we conducted an interlaboratory study among 13 laboratories to evaluate the performance of a 7-day NaCl test with L. siliquoidea. Eleven laboratories successfully completed the test, with more than 80% control survival and reliable growth data. The IC25s ranged from 296 to 1076 mg Cl/L, with a low (34%) coefficient of variation, indicating that the proposed method for L. siliquoidea has acceptable precision. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3392-3409. © 2021 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - James L Kunz
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Douglas K Hardesty
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeffery A Steevens
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Teresa Norberg-King
- Office of Research and Development, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Edward J Hammer
- Water Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Candice R Bauer
- Water Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tom Augspurger
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Suzanne Dunn
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | | | - Jordan Murray
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | - Robert B Bringolf
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert Ratajczak
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | - W Gregory Cope
- Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sean B Buczek
- Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel Farrar
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Lauren May
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Mailee Garton
- Great Lakes Environmental Center, Traverse City, Michigan, USA
| | | | - James Bennett
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph Salerno
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan Wardell
- Orangeburg National Fish Hatchery, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Orangeburg, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Besser JM, Ivey CD, Steevens JA, Cleveland D, Soucek D, Dickinson A, Van Genderen EJ, Ryan AC, Schlekat CE, Garman E, Middleton E, Santore R. Modeling the Bioavailability of Nickel and Zinc to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Neocloeon triangulifer in Toxicity Tests with Natural Waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021; 40:3049-3062. [PMID: 34297851 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We studied biotic ligand model (BLM) predictions of the toxicity of nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) in natural waters from Illinois and Minnesota, USA, which had combinations of pH, hardness, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) more extreme than 99.7% of waters in a nationwide database. We conducted 7-day chronic tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia and 96-hour acute and 14-day chronic tests with Neocloeon triangulifer and estimated median lethal concentrations and 20% effect concentrations for both species. Toxicity of Ni and Zn to both species differed among test waters by factors from 8 (Zn tests with C. dubia) to 35 (Zn tests with N. triangulifer). For both species and metals, tests with Minnesota waters (low pH and hardness, high DOC) showed lower toxicity than Illinois waters (high pH and high hardness, low DOC). Recalibration of the Ni BLM to be more responsive to pH-related changes improved predictions of Ni toxicity, especially for C. dubia. For the Zn BLM, we compared several input data scenarios, which generally had minor effects on model performance scores (MPS). A scenario that included inputs of modeled dissolved inorganic carbon and measured Al and Fe(III) produced the highest MPS values for tests with both C. dubia and N. triangulifer. Overall, the BLM framework successfully modeled variation in toxicity for both Zn and Ni across wide ranges of water chemistry in tests with both standard and novel test organisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3049-3062. © 2021 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John M Besser
- US Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Chris D Ivey
- US Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeffery A Steevens
- US Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Danielle Cleveland
- US Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - David Soucek
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy Dickinson
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Adam C Ryan
- International Zinc Association, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chris E Schlekat
- Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emily Garman
- Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ellie Middleton
- Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li L, He Y, Song K, Xie F, Li H, Sun F. Derivation of water quality criteria of zinc to protect aquatic life in Taihu Lake and the associated risk assessment. J Environ Manage 2021; 296:113175. [PMID: 34243093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a widely distributed environmental pollutants and has been listed as priority heavy metal pollutant in China. Similar as other heavy metals, toxicity of zinc to aquatic organisms affects by environmental factors such as water hardness. It is necessary to develop regional water quality criteria (WQC) to protect native aquatic life against zinc due to the diversity of aquatic organisms' variability across different water systems, as a concretization and supplement for national zinc WQC. This study derived WQC for zinc by species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curve method. The zinc toxicity data of the aquatic organisms in Taihu Lake used in SSD curve was collected based on published toxicity data for zinc with hardness values and supplemented with acute toxicity tests conducted in this study. Six aquatic organism natives to Taihu Lake were selected to conduct zinc acute toxicity test in a range of hardness conditions. The relationship between water hardness and zinc toxicity was constructed. The criterion maximum concentration (CMC) and criterion continuous concentration (CCC) for zinc in Taihu Lake were then derived, which considered the water quality and taxonomic groups in Taihu Lake. The CMC and CCC were 100.69 μg/L and 30.79 μg/L, respectively. The environmental risk of zinc to Taihu Lake are acceptable, at moderate to low levels. This study has provided a basis for regional water quality criterion derivation and risk assessment in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yanjiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Fazhi Xie
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Huixian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Fuhong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| |
Collapse
|