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Srivastava A, Vinod PK. Identification and Characterization of Metabolic Subtypes of Endometrial Cancer Using a Systems-Level Approach. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030409. [PMID: 36984849 PMCID: PMC10054278 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer worldwide. Understanding metabolic adaptation and its heterogeneity in tumor tissues may provide new insights and help in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. In this study, we investigated metabolic alterations of EC to understand the variations in metabolism within tumor samples. Integration of transcriptomics data of EC (RNA-Seq) and the human genome-scale metabolic network was performed to identify the metabolic subtypes of EC and uncover the underlying dysregulated metabolic pathways and reporter metabolites in each subtype. The relationship between metabolic subtypes and clinical variables was explored. Further, we correlated the metabolic changes occurring at the transcriptome level with the genomic alterations. Based on metabolic profile, EC patients were stratified into two subtypes (metabolic subtype-1 and subtype-2) that significantly correlated to patient survival, tumor stages, mutation, and copy number variations. We observed the co-activation of the pentose phosphate pathway, one-carbon metabolism, and genes involved in controlling estrogen levels in metabolic subtype-2, which is linked to poor survival. PNMT and ERBB2 are also upregulated in metabolic subtype-2 samples and present on the same chromosome locus 17q12, which is amplified. PTEN and TP53 mutations show mutually exclusive behavior between subtypes and display a difference in survival. This work identifies metabolic subtypes with distinct characteristics at the transcriptome and genome levels, highlighting the metabolic heterogeneity within EC.
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Ochi N, Takeyama M, Miyake N, Fuchigami M, Yamane H, Fukazawa T, Nagasaki Y, Kawahara T, Nakanishi H, Takigawa N. The complexity of EGFR exon 19 deletion and L858R mutant cells as assessed by proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. Exp Cell Res 2023; 424:113503. [PMID: 36731710 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Most lung adenocarcinoma-associated EGFR tyrosine kinase mutations are either an exon 19 deletion (19Del) or L858R point mutation in exon 21. Although patients whose tumors contain either of these mutations exhibit increased sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, progression-free and overall survival appear to be longer in patients with 19Del than in those with L858R. In mutant-transfected Ba/F3 cells, 19Del and L858R were compared by multi-omics analyses including proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. Proteome analysis identified increased plastin-2, TKT, PDIA5, and ENO1 expression in L858R cells, and increased EEF1G expression in 19Del cells. RNA sequencing showed significant differences between 19Del and L858R cells in 112 genes. Metabolome analysis showed that amino acids, adenylate, guanylate, NADPH, lactic acid, pyruvic acid glucose 6-phosphate, and ribose 5-phosphate were significantly different between the two mutant cells. Because GSH was increased with L858R, we combined osimertinib with the GSH inhibitor buthionine sulfoximine in L858R cells and observed synergistic effects. The complexity of EGFR 19Del and L858R mutant cells was demonstrated by proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics analyses. Therapeutic strategies for lung cancer with different EGFR mutations could be considered because of their different metabolic phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Ochi
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masami Takeyama
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan; General Medical Center Research Unit, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriko Miyake
- General Medical Center Research Unit, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Maki Fuchigami
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan; General Medical Center Research Unit, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Yamane
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Fukazawa
- General Medical Center Research Unit, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan; Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasunari Nagasaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Kawahara
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Nakanishi
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nagio Takigawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan; General Medical Center Research Unit, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan.
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Lv N, Shen S, Chen Q, Tong J. Long noncoding RNAs: glycolysis regulators in gynaecologic cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:4. [PMID: 36639695 PMCID: PMC9838043 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The three most common gynaecologic cancers that seriously threaten female lives and health are ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. Glycolysis plays a vital role in gynaecologic cancers. Several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to function as oncogenic molecules. LncRNAs impact downstream target genes by acting as ceRNAs, guides, scaffolds, decoys, or signalling molecules. However, the role of glycolysis-related lncRNAs in regulating gynaecologic cancers remains poorly understood. In this review, we emphasize the functional roles of many lncRNAs that have been found to promote glycolysis in gynaecologic cancers and discuss reasonable strategies for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengyuan Lv
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyi Shen
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianying Chen
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyi Tong
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
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Hatami H, Sajedi A, Mir SM, Memar MY. Importance of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in cancer cells. Health Sci Rep 2022; 6:e996. [PMID: 36570342 PMCID: PMC9768844 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In most regions, cancer ranks the second most frequent cause of death following cardiovascular disorders. Aim In this article, we review the various aspects of glycolysis with a focus on types of MCTs and the importance of lactate in cancer cells. Results and Discussion Metabolic changes are one of the first and most important alterations in cancer cells. Cancer cells use different pathways to survive, energy generation, growth, and proliferation compared to normal cells. The increase in glycolysis, which produces substances such as lactate and pyruvate, has an important role in metastases and invasion of cancer cells. Two important cellular proteins that play a role in the production and transport of lactate include lactate dehydrogenase and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). These molecules by their various isoforms and different tissue distribution help to escape the immune system and expansion of cancer cells under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Hatami
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Atefe Sajedi
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Mir
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Mohammad Yousef Memar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Mireștean CC, Iancu RI, Iancu DPT. New horizons in modulating the radio-sensitivity of head and neck cancer - 100 years after Warburg' effect discovery. Front Oncol 2022; 12:908695. [PMID: 36568220 PMCID: PMC9780029 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.908695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor radiation resistance along with chemotherapy resistance is one of the main causes of therapeutic failure of radiotherapy-treated head and neck cancers. 100 years after the discovery of the Warburg effect, a process specific to malignant cells to metabolize glucose especially anaerobically even under normoxia condition, its modulation has become a viable therapeutic target for improving the results of cancer therapies. Improving the radio-sensitivity of head and neck tumors by reversing the Warburg effect can increase the rate of local control and reduce the toxicity associated with irradiation. P53 status can be used as a biomarker in the choice of a single agent strategy (cell respiration inhibition with Metformin) or double inhibition, both of respiration and glycolysis. Targeting of enzymes involved in the Warburg effect, such as Hexokinase-II, are strategies with potential to be applied in clinical practice with radio-sensitizing effect for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Even if anti-Warburg therapies tested in clinical trials have been associated with either toxic deaths or a minor clinical benefit, the identification of both potential radio-sensitivity biomarkers and methods of reversing the Warburg effect will play an important role in the radiobiology of head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camil Ciprian Mireștean
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Craiova, Romania,Department of Surgery, Railways Clinical Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Roxana Irina Iancu
- Oral Pathology Department, “Gr.T.Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania,Department of Clinical Laboratory, St. Spiridon Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania,*Correspondence: Roxana Irina Iancu,
| | - Dragoș Petru Teodor Iancu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy, “Gr.T.Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania,Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
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Yang C, Cui XW, Ding ZW, Jiang TY, Feng XF, Pan YF, Lin YK, Shang TY, Wang Q, Pan J, Wang J, Wang HY, Dong LW. Gankyrin and TIGAR cooperatively accelerate glucose metabolism toward the PPP and TCA cycle in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:4151-4164. [PMID: 36114745 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-derived metabolic reprogramming is important for anabolic growth of cancer cells, which is now considered to be not simply rely on glycolysis. Pentose phosphate pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle also play pivotal roles in helping cancer cells to meet their anabolic and energy demands. The present work focused on gankyrin, a relatively specific oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its impact on glycolysis and mitochondrial homeostasis. Metabolomics, RNA-seq analysis, and subsequent conjoint analysis illustrated that gankyrin regulated the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and mitochondrial function and homeostasis, which play pivotal roles in tumor development. Mechanistically, gankyrin was found to modulate HCC metabolic reprogramming via TIGAR. Gankyrin positively regulated the transcription of TIGAR through Nrf2, which bound to the antioxidant response elements (AREs) in the promoter of TIGAR. Interestingly, TIGAR feedback regulated the transcription of Nrf2 and subsequently gankyrin by promoting nuclear importation of PGC1α. The loop between gankyrin, Nrf2, and TIGAR accelerated glucose metabolism toward the PPP and TCA cycle, which provided vital building blocks, such as NADPH, ATP, and ribose of tumor and further facilitated the progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Cui
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Ding
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Yi Jiang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Feng
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Fei Pan
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Kai Lin
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tai-Yu Shang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yang Wang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University & Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Wei Dong
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Liang B, Deng L, Zhou X. Targeting hypoxia-related metabolism molecules: How to improve tumour immune and clinical treatment? Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113917. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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8
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de Wit S, Glen C, de Boer RA, Lang NN. Mechanisms shared between cancer, heart failure, and targeted anti-cancer therapies. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:3451-3466. [PMID: 36004495 PMCID: PMC9897696 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) and cancer are the leading causes of death worldwide and accumulating evidence demonstrates that HF and cancer affect one another in a bidirectional way. Patients with HF are at increased risk for developing cancer, and HF is associated with accelerated tumour growth. The presence of malignancy may induce systemic metabolic, inflammatory, and microbial alterations resulting in impaired cardiac function. In addition to pathophysiologic mechanisms that are shared between cancer and HF, overlaps also exist between pathways required for normal cardiac physiology and for tumour growth. Therefore, these overlaps may also explain the increased risk for cardiotoxicity and HF as a result of targeted anti-cancer therapies. This review provides an overview of mechanisms involved in the bidirectional connection between HF and cancer, specifically focusing upon current 'hot-topics' in these shared mechanisms. It subsequently describes targeted anti-cancer therapies with cardiotoxic potential as a result of overlap between their anti-cancer targets and pathways required for normal cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne de Wit
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Glen
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Hao S, Meng Q, Sun H, Li Y, Li Y, Gu L, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Xu Z, Wang Y. The role of transketolase in human cancer progression and therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113607. [PMID: 36030587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Transketolase (TKT) is an enzyme that is ubiquitously expressed in all living organisms and has been identified as an important regulator of cancer. Recent studies have shown that the TKT family includes the TKT gene and two TKT-like (TKTL) genes; TKTL1 and TKTL2. TKT and TKTL1 have been reported to be involved in the regulation of multiple cancer-related events, such as cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and patient survival and prognosis. Therefore, TKT may be an ideal target for cancer treatment. More importantly, the levels of TKTL1 were detected using EDIM technology for the early detection of some malignancies, and TKTL1 was more sensitive and specific than traditional tumor markers. Detecting TKTL1 levels before and after surgery could be used to evaluate the surgery's effect. While targeted TKT suppresses cancer in multiple ways, in some cases, it has detrimental effects on the organism. In this review, we discuss the role of TKT in different tumors and the detailed mechanisms while evaluating its value and limitations in clinical applications. Therefore, this review provides a basis for the clinical application of targeted therapy for TKT in the future, and a strategy for subsequent cancer-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qingfei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Huihui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yunkuo Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yao Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liting Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yanghe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Honglan Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Stagno MJ, Schmidt A, Bochem J, Urla C, Handgretinger R, Cabanillas Stanchi KM, Saup R, Queudeville M, Fuchs J, Warmann SW, Schmid E. Epitope detection in monocytes (EDIM) for liquid biopsy including identification of GD2 in childhood neuroblastoma-a pilot study. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:1324-1331. [PMID: 35864157 PMCID: PMC9519569 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common paediatric extracranial solid malignancy. We analysed the role of the epitope detection in monocytes (EDIM) technique for liquid biopsy in NB patients. Methods Tumour epitopes transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1), Apo10 (DNaseX) and GD2 were assessed: expression levels in seven NB tumour samples and five NB cell lines were analysed using RT-PCR and flow cytometry. LAN-1 cells were co-cultured with blood and assessed using EDIM. Peripheral blood macrophages of patients with neuroblastoma (n = 38) and healthy individuals (control group, n = 37) were labelled (CD14+/CD16+) and assessed for TKTL1, Apo10 and GD2 using the EDIM technology. Results mRNA expression of TKTL1 and DNaseX/Apo10 was elevated in 6/7 NB samples. Spike experiments showed upregulation of TKTL1, Apo10 and GD2 in LAN-1 cells following co-culturing with blood. TKTL1 and Apo10 were present in macrophages of 36/38 patients, and GD2 in 15/19 patients. The 37 control samples were all negative. EDIM expression scores of the three epitopes allowed differentiation between NB patients and healthy individuals. Conclusions The EDIM test might serve as a non-invasive tool for liquid biopsy in children suffering from NB. Future studies are necessary for assessing risk stratification, tumour biology, treatment monitoring, and early detection of tumour relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias J Stagno
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmidt
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Bochem
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cristian Urla
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rupert Handgretinger
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karin M Cabanillas Stanchi
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rafael Saup
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Manon Queudeville
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Fuchs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Steven W Warmann
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Evi Schmid
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
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Nieh YC, Chou YT, Chou YT, Wang CY, Lin SX, Ciou SC, Yuh CH, Wang HD. Suppression of Ribose-5-Phosphate Isomerase a Induces ROS to Activate Autophagy, Apoptosis, and Cellular Senescence in Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7883. [PMID: 35887232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A (RPIA) regulates tumorigenesis in liver and colorectal cancer. However, the role of RPIA in lung cancer remains obscure. Here we report that the suppression of RPIA diminishes cellular proliferation and activates autophagy, apoptosis, and cellular senescence in lung cancer cells. First, we detected that RPIA protein was increased in the human lung cancer versus adjust normal tissue via tissue array. Next, the knockdown of RPIA in lung cancer cells displayed autophagic vacuoles, enhanced acridine orange staining, GFP-LC3 punctae, accumulated autophagosomes, and showed elevated levels of LC3-II and reduced levels of p62, together suggesting that the suppression of RPIA stimulates autophagy in lung cancer cells. In addition, decreased RPIA expression induced apoptosis by increasing levels of Bax, cleaved PARP and caspase-3 and apoptotic cells. Moreover, RPIA knockdown triggered cellular senescence and increased p53 and p21 levels in lung cancer cells. Importantly, RPIA knockdown elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Treatment of ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) reverts the activation of autophagy, apoptosis and cellular senescence by RPIA knockdown in lung cancer cells. In conclusion, RPIA knockdown induces ROS levels to activate autophagy, apoptosis, and cellular senescence in lung cancer cells. Our study sheds new light on RPIA suppression in lung cancer therapy.
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Smith ALM, Whitehall JC, Greaves LC. Mitochondrial
DNA
mutations in aging and cancer. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3276-3294. [PMID: 35842901 PMCID: PMC9490137 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancing age is a major risk factor for malignant transformation and the development of cancer. As such, over 50% of neoplasms occur in individuals over the age of 70. The pathologies of both ageing and cancer have been characterized by respective groups of molecular hallmarks, and while some features are divergent between the two pathologies, several are shared. Perturbed mitochondrial function is one such common hallmark, and this observation therefore suggests that mitochondrial alterations may be of significance in age‐related cancer development. There is now considerable evidence documenting the accumulation of somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in ageing human postmitotic and replicative tissues. Similarly, mutations of the mitochondrial genome have been reported in human cancers for decades. The plethora of functions in which mitochondria partake, such as oxidative phosphorylation, redox balance, apoptosis and numerous biosynthetic pathways, manifests a variety of ways in which alterations in mtDNA may contribute to tumour growth. However, the specific mechanisms by which mtDNA mutations contribute to tumour progression remain elusive and often contradictory. This review aims to consolidate current knowledge and describe future direction within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna LM Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH UK
| | - Julia C Whitehall
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH UK
| | - Laura C Greaves
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH UK
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Baptista I, Karakitsou E, Cazier JB, Günther UL, Marin S, Cascante M. TKTL1 Knockdown Impairs Hypoxia-Induced Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase Overexpression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3574. [PMID: 35408935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of transketolase (TKT) and its isoform transketolase-like-1 (TKTL1) has been related to the malignant leukemia phenotype through promoting an increase in the non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Recently, it has also been described that TKTL1 can have a role in survival under hypoxic conditions and in the acquisition of radio resistance. However, TKTL1’s role in triggering metabolic reprogramming under hypoxia in leukemia cells has never been characterized. Using THP-1 AML cells, and by combining metabolomics and transcriptomics techniques, we characterized the impact of TKTL1 knockdown on the metabolic reprogramming triggered by hypoxia. Results demonstrated that TKTL1 knockdown results in a decrease in TKT, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activities and impairs the hypoxia-induced overexpression of G6PD and GAPDH, all having significant impacts on the redox capacity of NADPH- and NADH-related cells. Moreover, TKTL1 knockdown impedes hypoxia-induced transcription of genes encoding key enzymes and transporters involved in glucose, PPP and amino acid metabolism, rendering cells unable to switch to enhanced glycolysis under hypoxia. Altogether, our results show that TKTL1 plays a key role in the metabolic adaptation to hypoxia in THP-1 AML cells through modulation of G6PD and GAPDH activities, both regulating glucose/glutamine consumption and the transcriptomic overexpression of key players of PPP, glucose and amino acids metabolism.
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Zhang L, Huang Z, Cai Q, Zhao C, Xiao Y, Quan X, Tang C, Gao J. Inhibition of Transketolase Improves the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:837143. [PMID: 35280908 PMCID: PMC8905541 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.837143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a heavy health burden worldwide. Transketolase (TKT) is a crucial enzyme in the non-oxidative phase of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP), and is up-regulated in multiple cancer types. However, the role of TKT in the prognosis of CRC remains unclear. We aimed to explore whether TKT expression is altered in CRC, how TKT is associated with the prognosis of CRC, and whether the regulation of TKT might have an impact on CRC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using bioinformatics analysis. TKT expression was examined in the human colon adenocarcinoma tissue microarray and xenografts. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis assays in vitro were applied to evaluate the protumoral effects of TKT on CRC. TKT was found to be a risk factor for the poor prognosis of CRC by bioinformatics analysis among the DEGs. TKT was significantly up-regulated in colon adenocarcinoma tissues compared with normal colon tissues in patients. Moreover, similar results were found in HCT116 and RKO human colon adenocarcinoma xenografts in nude mice. TKT expression was positively associated with advanced TNM stage, positive lymph nodes, and poor 5 or 10-year overall survival of CRC patients. In vitro, inhibition of TKT reduced cell viability, proliferation, and migration, and induced cell apoptosis. In addition, inhibition of TKT decreased the protein levels of NICD and Hes1. In conclusion, high TKT expression was associated with the poor prognosis of CRC patients. The protumoral effects of downregulating TKT may be realized by suppressing the Notch signaling pathway. TKT may be a new prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhao Zhang
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuyu Cai
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Quan
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengwei Tang
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhang Gao
- Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Alderweireldt E, Grootaert C, De Wever O, Van Camp J. A two-front nutritional environment fuels colorectal cancer: perspectives for dietary intervention. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:105-119. [PMID: 34887164 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops and progresses in a nutritional environment comprising a continuously changing luminal cocktail of external dietary and microbial factors on the apical side, and a dynamic host-related pool of systemic factors on the serosal side. In this review, we highlight how this two-front environment influences the bioenergetic status of colonocytes throughout CRC development from (cancer) stem cells to cancer cells in nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor conditions, and eventually to metastatic cells, which, upon entry to the circulation and during metastatic seeding, are forced to metabolically adapt. Furthermore, given the influence of diet on the two-front nutritional environment, we discuss dietary strategies that target the specific metabolic preferences of these cells, with a possible impact on colon cancer cell bioenergetics and CRC outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elien Alderweireldt
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - John Van Camp
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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16
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Meskers CJW, Franczak M, Smolenski RT, Giovannetti E, Peters GJ. Are we still on the right path(way)?: the altered expression of the pentose phosphate pathway in solid tumors and the potential of its inhibition in combination therapy. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2022; 18:61-83. [PMID: 35238253 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2022.2049234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) branches from glycolysis and is crucial for cell growth, since it provides necessary compounds for anabolic reactions, nucleotide synthesis, and detoxification of reactive-oxygen-species (ROS). Overexpression of PPP enzymes has been reported in multiple cancer types and linked to therapy resistance, making their inhibition interesting targets for anti-cancer therapies. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the extent of PPP upregulation across different cancer types, and the non-metabolic functions that PPP-enzymes might contribute to cancer initiation and maintenance. The effects of PPP-inhibition and their combinations with chemotherapeutics are summarized. We searched the databases provided by the University of Amsterdam to characterize the altered expression of the PPP across different cancer types, and to identify the effects of PPP-inhibition. EXPERT OPINION It can be concluded that there are synergistic and additive effects of PPP-inhibition and various classes of chemotherapeutics. These effects may be attributed to the increased susceptibility to ROS. However, the toxicity, low efficacy, and off-target effects of PPP-inhibitors make application in clinical practice challenging. Novel inhibitors are currently being developed, which could make PPP-inhibition a potential therapeutic strategy in the future, especially in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics and the inhibition of other metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J W Meskers
- Amsterdam University College, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam location VUMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marika Franczak
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Laboratory Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam location VUMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start Up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- Laboratory Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam location VUMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
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17
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Sharma ND, Keewan E, Matlawska-Wasowska K. Metabolic Reprogramming and Cell Adhesion in Acute Leukemia Adaptation to the CNS Niche. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:767510. [PMID: 34957100 PMCID: PMC8703109 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.767510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Involvement of the Central Nervous System (CNS) in acute leukemia confers poor prognosis and lower overall survival. Existing CNS-directed therapies are associated with a significant risk of short- or long-term toxicities. Leukemic cells can metabolically adapt and survive in the microenvironment of the CNS. The supporting role of the CNS microenvironment in leukemia progression and dissemination has not received sufficient attention. Understanding the mechanism by which leukemic cells survive in the nutrient-poor and oxygen-deprived CNS microenvironment will lead to the development of more specific and less toxic therapies. Here, we review the current literature regarding the roles of metabolic reprogramming in leukemic cell adhesion and survival in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh D Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Esra'a Keewan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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18
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Zhu Y, Qiu Y, Zhang X. TKTL1 participated in malignant progression of cervical cancer cells via regulating AKT signal mediated PFKFB3 and thus regulating glycolysis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:678. [PMID: 34922556 PMCID: PMC8684167 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) is the second most common cancer among women with high morbidity and mortality. TKTL1 is a key protein in glucose metabolism in cancer cells and controls the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). In this paper, we aim to explore whether TKTL1 can participate in the malignant process of CC cells through glucose metabolism. METHODS The expression and activity of TKTL1 in CC cell lines were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Cell transfection was conducted to interfere the expression of TKTL1 in SiHa cells, with efficiency detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was then measured by CCK-8 kits. Wound Healing and Transwell experiments were performed to respectively detect the levels of cell migration and invasion, and western blot was used to detect the expressions of migration-related proteins. Tunel and Western blot were used to detect the apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins. Glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP production were measured by corresponding commercial kits. Next, the expression of p-Akt, AKT, p-MTOR, mTOR, HK2 and PFKFB3 was detected by Western blot. The mechanism was further investigated by interfering the expression of HK2 and PFKFB3 and adding AKT agonist SC79. At the animal level, the tumor bearing mouse model of CC was constructed, and the weight, volume and pathological morphology of the tumor tissue were detected to verify the cell experiment. RESULTS TKTL1 expression was increased in CC cells. Interference of TKTL1 expression can inhibit TKTL1 enzyme activity, proliferation, invasion and migration of CC cells, and simultaneously suppress the generation of glycolysis. In addition, the results showed that TKTL1 activated PFKFB3 through AKT rather than HK2 signaling and is involved in glycolysis, cell invasion, migration, and apoptosis of CC cells. In animal level, inhibition of TKTL1 also contributed to decreased tumor volume of CC tumor bearing mice and improved histopathological status. CONCLUSION TKTL1 participated in malignant progression of CC cells via regulating AKT signal-mediated HK2 and PFKFB3 and thus regulating glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, NO.10 Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China.
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, NO.10 Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China.
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19
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Catala A, Dzieciatkowska M, Wang G, Gutierrez-Hartmann A, Simberg D, Hansen KC, D'Alessandro A, Catalano CE. Targeted Intracellular Delivery of Trastuzumab Using Designer Phage Lambda Nanoparticles Alters Cellular Programs in Human Breast Cancer Cells. ACS Nano 2021; 15:11789-11805. [PMID: 34189924 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
| Several diseases exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity and diverse reprogramming of cellular pathways. To address this complexity, additional strategies and technologies must be developed to define their scope and variability with the goal of improving current treatments. Nanomedicines derived from viruses are modular systems that can be easily adapted for combinatorial approaches, including imaging, biomarker targeting, and intracellular delivery of therapeutics. Here, we describe a "designer nanoparticle" system that can be rapidly engineered in a tunable and defined manner. Phage-like particles (PLPs) derived from bacteriophage lambda possess physiochemical properties compatible with pharmaceutical standards, and in vitro particle tracking and cell targeting are accomplished by simultaneous display of fluorescein-5-maleimide (F5M) and trastuzumab (Trz), respectively (Trz-PLPs). Trz-PLPs bind to the oncogenically active human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and are internalized by breast cancer cells of the HER2 overexpression subtype, but not by those lacking the HER2 amplification. Compared to treatment with Trz, robust internalization of Trz-PLPs results in higher intracellular concentrations of Trz, prolonged inhibition of cell growth, and modulated regulation of cellular programs associated with HER2 signaling, proliferation, metabolism, and protein synthesis. Given the implications to cancer pathogenesis and that dysregulated signaling and metabolism can lead to drug resistance and cancer cell survival, the present study identifies metabolic and proteomic liabilities that could be exploited by the PLP platform to enhance therapeutic efficacy. The lambda PLP system is robust and rapidly modifiable, which offers a platform that can be easily "tuned" for broad utility and tailored functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Catala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
- Program in Structural Biology and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Guankui Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Arthur Gutierrez-Hartmann
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and Medicine - Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Dmitri Simberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
- Program in Structural Biology and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Program in Structural Biology and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and Medicine - Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Carlos E Catalano
- Program in Structural Biology and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
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20
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Tavares V, Pinto R, Assis J, Coelho S, Brandão M, Alves S, Pereira D, Medeiros R. Implications of venous thromboembolism GWAS reported genetic makeup in the clinical outcome of ovarian cancer patients. Pharmacogenomics J 2021; 21:222-32. [PMID: 33161412 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-020-00201-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) represents the most lethal gynaecological neoplasia. Conversely, venous thromboembolism (VTE) and OC are intricately connected, with many haemostatic components favouring OC progression. In light of this bilateral relationship, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reported several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with VTE risk that could be used as predictors of OC clinical outcome for better therapeutic management strategies. Thus, the present study aimed to analyse the impact of VTE GWAS-identified SNPs on the clinical outcome of 336 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. Polymorphism genotyping was performed using the TaqMan® Allelic Discrimination methodology. Carriers with the ZFPM2 rs4734879 G allele presented a significantly higher 5-year OS, 10-year OS and disease-free survival (DFS) compared to AA genotype patients with FIGO I/II stages (P = 0.009, P = 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Regarding SLC19A2 rs2038024 polymorphism, carriers with the CC genotype presented a significantly lower 5-year OS, 10-year OS and DFS compared to A allele carriers in the same FIGO subgroup (P < 0.001, P = 0.004 and P = 0.005, respectively). As for CNTN6 rs6764623 polymorphism, carriers with the CC genotype presented a significantly lower 5-year OS compared to A allele carriers with FIGO I/II stages (P = 0.015). As for OTUD7A rs7164569, F11 rs4253417 and PROCR rs10747514, no significant impact on EOC patients' survival was observed. However, future studies are required to validate these results and uncover the biological mechanisms underlying our results.
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21
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Abstract
Significance: Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (NFE2L2, or NRF2) is a transcription factor predominantly affecting the expression of antioxidant genes. NRF2 plays a significant role in the control of redox balance, which is crucial in cancer cells. NRF2 activation regulates numerous cancer hallmarks, including metabolism, cancer stem cell characteristics, tumor aggressiveness, invasion, and metastasis formation. We review the molecular characteristics of the NRF2 pathway and discuss its interactions with the cancer hallmarks previously listed. Recent Advances: The noncanonical activation of NRF2 was recently discovered, and members of this pathway are involved in carcinogenesis. Further, cancer-related changes (e.g., metabolic flexibility) that support cancer progression were found to be redox- and NRF2 dependent. Critical Issues: NRF2 undergoes Janus-faced behavior in cancers. The pro- or antineoplastic effects of NRF2 are context dependent and essentially based on the specific molecular characteristics of the cancer in question. Therefore, systematic investigation of NRF2 signaling is necessary to clarify its role in cancer etiology. The biggest challenge in the NRF2 field is to determine which cancers can be targeted for better clinical outcomes. Further, large-scale genomic and transcriptomic studies are missing to correlate the clinical outcome with the activity of the NRF2 system. Future Directions: To exploit NRF2 in a clinical setting in the future, the druggable members of the NRF2 pathway should be identified. In addition, it will be important to study how the modulation of the NRF2 system interferes with cytostatic drugs and their combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Smolková
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Alberto Leguina-Ruzzi
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adrienn Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary.,Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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22
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Ahopelto K, Saukkonen K, Hagström J, Kauhanen S, Seppänen H, Böckelman C, Haglund C. TKTL1 as a Prognostic Marker in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Correlation with FDG-PET-CT. Oncology 2020; 99:177-185. [PMID: 33120381 DOI: 10.1159/000510862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucose metabolism in cancer cells differs from noncancerous cells. The expression of transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1), a key enzyme in the glucose metabolism of cancer cells, predicts poor prognosis in several cancer types. We studied TKTL1 as a prognostic tool and whether TKTL1 expression correlates with 18F-FDG-PET-CT among patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS This retrospective study examined two PDAC patient cohorts: 168 patients operated on at Helsinki University Hospital between 2001 and 2011, and 20 patients with FDG-PET-CT results available from the Auria Biobank. We used immunohistochemistry for TKTL1 expression, combining results with clinicopathological data. RESULTS Five-year disease-specific survival (DSS) was slightly but not significantly better in patients with a high versus low TKTL1 expression, with DSS of 28.0 versus 17.3%, respectively (p = 0.123). TKTL1 served as a marker of a better prognosis in patients over 65 years old (p = 0.012) and among those with TNM class M1 (p = 0.018), stage IV disease (p = 0.027), or perivascular invasion (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that TKTL1 cannot be used as a prognostic factor in PDAC with the exception of elderly patients and those with advanced disease. The correlation of TKTL1 with 18F-FDG-PET-CT requires further study in a larger patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Ahopelto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, .,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,
| | - Kapo Saukkonen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology and Oral Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saila Kauhanen
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Hanna Seppänen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Camilla Böckelman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
The “Warburg effect” describes the reprogramming of glucose metabolism away from oxidative phosphorylation toward aerobic glycolysis, and it is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. Several factors can be involved in this process, but in this review, the roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are highlighted in several types of human cancer. ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, can all affect metabolic enzymes and transcription factors to promote glycolysis and modulate glucose metabolism to enhance the progression of tumors. In particular, the 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways are associated with alterations in ncRNAs. A better understanding of the roles of ncRNAs in the Warburg effect could ultimately lead to new therapeutic approaches for suppressing cancer.
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Peltonen R, Ahopelto K, Hagström J, Böckelman C, Haglund C, Isoniemi H. High TKTL1 expression as a sign of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer with synchronous rather than metachronous liver metastases. Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:826-831. [PMID: 32795237 PMCID: PMC7515493 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2020.1803008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. More than half of all affected patients develop liver metastases during the course of the disease, and over half experience recurrence despite radical primary surgery. Transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1) is a key enzyme in the glucose metabolism of cancer cells, and its expression in tumor tissue was previously shown to indicate a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. In this study, we investigated the prognostic significance of TKTL1 in 111 patients with surgically resected colorectal liver metastases, with a minimum follow-up time of 10.3 years. TKTL1 expression was examined in tissue samples of both primary tumors and liver metastases, and compared to clinicopathological parameters, disease-free survival, and overall survival. We show that a high expression of TKTL1 in primary tumor tissue associated with poor disease-free survival in patients with synchronous liver metastases (P = .026, Kaplan-Meier log-rank test), but with better disease-free survival in patients with metachronous metastases, although not statistically significantly (P = .073). We found similar tendencies for TKTL1 expression in liver metastases. Thus, TKTL1 could serve as a candidate marker to identify patients who benefit from liver resection or who need more aggressive perioperative chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetta Peltonen
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Abdominal Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Ahopelto
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Abdominal Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology and Oral Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Camilla Böckelman
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Isoniemi
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Abdominal Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
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25
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Ahopelto K, Laitinen A, Hagström J, Böckelman C, Haglund C. Transketolase-Like Protein 1 and Glucose Transporter 1 in Gastric Cancer. Oncology 2020; 98:643-652. [PMID: 32434192 DOI: 10.1159/000507350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glucose metabolism of cancer cells differs from that of noncancerous cells. Transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) both play a role in this process. These biochemical tumor markers are overexpressed in several types of human cancer. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine if TKTL1 and/or GLUT1 expression predicts prognosis in gastric cancer. METHODS In this retrospective study, we selected 284 patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer at the Helsinki University Hospital. We used immunohistochemistry to assess the expression of TKTL1 and GLUT1, combined with clinicopathological data. RESULTS Positive expression of TKTL1 was associated with positive expression of GLUT1, age over 65 years, male gender, advanced stage (II-IV), and advanced tumors (T2-T4). Patients with a positive expression of TKTL1 had a poorer prognosis than those with no expression (p = 0.042, Breslow test). GLUT1 positivity was associated with higher age and with the intestinal type of gastric cancer but did not carry any prognostic value. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study showed that positive expression of TKTL1 correlates with a poor prognosis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Ahopelto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, .,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,
| | - Alli Laitinen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology and Oral Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Camilla Böckelman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Chou YT, Chen LY, Tsai SL, Tu HC, Lu JW, Ciou SC, Wang HD, Yuh CH. Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A overexpression promotes liver cancer development in transgenic zebrafish via activation of ERK and β-catenin pathways. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:461-473. [PMID: 30418535 PMCID: PMC6514454 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the enzymes involved in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is known to promote tumorigenesis. Our recent study demonstrated that ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (RPIA), a key regulator of the PPP, regulates hepatoma cell proliferation and colony formation. Our studies in zebrafish reveal that RPIA-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis requires extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and β-catenin signaling. To further investigate RPIA-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis, two independent lines of transgenic zebrafish expressing human RPIA in the liver were generated. These studies reveal that RPIA overexpression triggers lipogenic factor/enzyme expression, steatosis, fibrosis and proliferation of the liver. In addition, the severity of fibrosis and the extent of proliferation are positively correlated with RPIA expression levels. Furthermore, RPIA-mediated induction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) requires the ERK and β-catenin signaling pathway but is not dependent upon transaldolase levels. Our study presents a mechanism for RPIA-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis and suggests that RPIA represents a valuable therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Chou
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yang Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Lin Tsai
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chen Tu
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shih-Ci Ciou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Dar Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Hwa Yuh
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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27
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Saman S, Stagno M, Warmann S, Malek N, Plentz R, Schmid E. Biomarkers Apo10 and TKTL1: Epitope-detection in monocytes (EDIM) as a new diagnostic approach for cholangiocellular, pancreatic and colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2020; 27:129-137. [PMID: 31771043 PMCID: PMC7029314 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The EDIM (Epitope detection in monocytes) blood test is based on two biomarkers Apo10 and TKTL1. Apo10 is responsible for cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. TKTL1 plays a major role in anaerobic glycolysis of tumor cells, leading to destruction of the basal membrane and metastasis as well as in controlling cell cycle. For the first time we analyzed Apo10 and TKLT1 in patients with cholangiocellular (CCC), pancreatic (PC), and colorectal carcinoma (CRC). METHODS Blood samples of 62 patients with CCC, PC, and CRC were measured and compared to 29 control patients. We also investigated 13 patients with inflammatory conditions, because elevated TKTL1 and Apo10 have been previously described in affected individuals. Flow cytometry was used to detect surface antigens CD14+/CD16+ (activated monocytes/macrophages). Percentages of macrophages harboring TKTL1 and Apo10 were determined. A combined EDIM score (EDIM-CS: TKTL1 plus Apo10) was calculated. Results were correlated with serum tumor markers CEA and CA19-9. RESULTS Patients with CCC had 100% positive EDIM-CS but CEA and CA19-9 were positive in only 22.2% and 70%, respectively. Patients with PC had 100% positive EDIM-CS but positive tumor markers in only 37.5% (CEA) and 72.7% (CA19-9). Patients with CRC had 100% positive EDIM-CS but only 50% positive CEA. EDIM-CS was positive in 100% (62/62) of all cancer patients and in 0% of healthy individuals. Of the individuals with inflammation, 7.7% had a positive EDIM-CS. CONCLUSION The sensitivity of the EDIM blood test and the comparison with traditional tumor markers indicate that this new test might improve the detection of carcinomas (CCC, PC and, CRC) and might be relevant for the diagnosis of all tumor entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Saman
- Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - M.J. Stagno
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Children’s Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - S.W. Warmann
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Children’s Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - N.P. Malek
- Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - R.R. Plentz
- Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Klinikum Bremen Nord, Department of Gastroenterology, Oncology and Diabetology, Bremen
| | - E. Schmid
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Children’s Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Abstract
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) branches from glucose 6-phosphate (G6P), produces NADPH and ribose 5-phosphate (R5P), and shunts carbons back to the glycolytic or gluconeogenic pathway. The PPP has been demonstrated to be a major regulator for cellular reduction-oxidation (redox) homeostasis and biosynthesis. Enzymes in the PPP are reported to play important roles in many human diseases. In this review, we will discuss the role of the PPP in type 2 diabetes and cancer.
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29
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Abdel-Wahab AF, Mahmoud W, Al-Harizy RM. Targeting glucose metabolism to suppress cancer progression: prospective of anti-glycolytic cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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30
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Li Y, Yao CF, Xu FJ, Qu YY, Li JT, Lin Y, Cao ZL, Lin PC, Xu W, Zhao SM, Zhao JY. APC/C CDH1 synchronizes ribose-5-phosphate levels and DNA synthesis to cell cycle progression. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2502. [PMID: 31175280 PMCID: PMC6555833 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10375-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of nucleotide building blocks prior to and during S phase facilitates DNA duplication. Herein, we find that the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) synchronizes ribose-5-phosphate levels and DNA synthesis during the cell cycle. In late G1 and S phases, transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) is overexpressed and forms stable TKTL1-transketolase heterodimers that accumulate ribose-5-phosphate. This accumulation occurs by asymmetric production of ribose-5-phosphate from the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway and prevention of ribose-5-phosphate removal by depleting transketolase homodimers. In the G2 and M phases after DNA synthesis, expression of the APC/C adaptor CDH1 allows APC/CCDH1 to degrade D-box-containing TKTL1, abrogating ribose-5-phosphate accumulation by TKTL1. TKTL1-overexpressing cancer cells exhibit elevated ribose-5-phosphate levels. The low CDH1 or high TKTL1-induced accumulation of ribose-5-phosphate facilitates nucleotide and DNA synthesis as well as cell cycle progression in a ribose-5-phosphate-saturable manner. Here we reveal that the cell cycle control machinery regulates DNA synthesis by mediating ribose-5-phosphate sufficiency. Ribose-5-phosphate (R5P) is required for DNA synthesis, but how this is regulated during cell cycle progression is unclear. Here the authors report that the cell cycle regulator APC/C-CDH1 synchronizes cell cycle progression with R5P-derived DNA synthesis by controlling TKTL1 stability
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
| | - Cui-Fang Yao
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Jiang Xu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China.,Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Tao Li
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lin
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Lian Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Cheng Lin
- Key Laboratory for Tibet Plateau Phytochemistry of Qinghai Province, College of Pharmacy, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining, 810007, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Min Zhao
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - Jian-Yuan Zhao
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
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Batool A, Chen SR, Liu YX. Distinct Metabolic Features of Seminoma and Embryonal Carcinoma Revealed by Combined Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1819-1826. [PMID: 30835130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Seminoma and embryonal carcinoma (EC), two typical types of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), present significant differences in growth behavior, expression characteristics, differentiation potential, clinical features, therapy, and prognosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the distinctive or preference metabolic pathways between seminoma and EC. The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed that many genes encoding metabolic enzymes could distinguish between seminoma and EC. Using well-characterized cell line models for seminoma (Tcam-2 cells) and EC (NT2 cells), we characterized their metabolite profiles using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to Q-TOF mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS). In general, the integrated results from transcriptome and metabolite profiling revealed that seminoma and EC exhibited distinctive characteristics in the metabolisms of amino acids, glucose, fatty acids, sphingolipids, nucleotides, and drugs. Notably, an attenuation of citric acid cycle/mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and sphingolipid biosynthesis as well as an increase in arachidonic acid metabolism and (very) long-chain fatty acid abundance occurred in seminoma as compared with EC. Our study suggests histologic subtype-dependent metabolic reprogramming in TGCTs and will lead to a better understanding of the metabolic signatures and biology of TGCT subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aalia Batool
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Su-Ren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
| | - Yi-Xun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
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Abstract
Interest in cancer metabolism has increased in recent years. The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a major glucose catabolism pathway that directs glucose flux to its oxidative branch and leads to the production of a reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and nucleic acid. The PPP serves a vital role in regulating cancer cell growth and involves many enzymes. The aim of the present review was to describe the recent discoveries associated with the deregulatory mechanisms of the PPP and glycolysis in malignant tumors, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma, breast and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of The Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of The Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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33
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Zhang HS, Zhang ZG, Du GY, Sun HL, Liu HY, Zhou Z, Gou XM, Wu XH, Yu XY, Huang YH. Nrf2 promotes breast cancer cell migration via up-regulation of G6PD/HIF-1α/Notch1 axis. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3451-3463. [PMID: 30809937 PMCID: PMC6484400 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal metabolism of tumour cells is closely related to the occurrence and development of breast cancer, during which the expression of NF‐E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) is of great significance. Metastatic breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide; however, the molecular mechanism underlying breast cancer metastasis remains unknown. In this study, we found that the overexpression of Nrf2 promoted proliferation and migration of breast cancers cells. Inhibition of Nrf2 and overexpression of Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1) reduced the expression of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and transketolase of pentose phosphate pathway, and overexpression of Nrf2 and knockdown of Keap1 had opposite effects. Our results further showed that the overexpression of Nrf2 promoted the expression of G6PD and Hypoxia‐inducing factor 1α (HIF‐1α) in MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Overexpression of Nrf2 up‐regulated the expression of Notch1 via G6PD/HIF‐1α pathway. Notch signalling pathway affected the proliferation of breast cancer by affecting its downstream gene HES‐1, and regulated the migration of breast cancer cells by affecting the expression of EMT pathway. The results suggest that Nrf2 is a potential molecular target for the treatment of breast cancer and targeting Notch1 signalling pathway may provide a promising strategy for the treatment of Nrf2‐driven breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Sheng Zhang
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Guo Zhang
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yuan Du
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Liang Sun
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Yun Liu
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Gou
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Hao Wu
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Yu
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Hui Huang
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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34
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Zheng Y, Ming P, Zhu C, Si Y, Xu S, Chen A, Wang J, Zhang B. Hepatitis B virus X protein-induced SH2 domain-containing 5 (SH2D5) expression promotes hepatoma cell growth via an SH2D5-transketolase interaction. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4815-4827. [PMID: 30659097 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) critically contributes to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanisms by which HBx promotes HCC remain unclear. In the present study, using a combination of gene expression profiling and immunohistochemistry, we found higher levels of SH2 domain-containing 5 (SH2D5) in liver tissue from HBV-associated HCC (HBV-HCC) patients than in adjacent nontumor tissues. Moreover, HBV infection elevated SH2D5 levels, and we observed that HBx plays an important role in SH2D5 induction. We also found that HBx triggers SH2D5 expression through the NF-κB and c-Jun kinase pathways. Employing SH2D5 overexpression or knockdown, we further demonstrate that SH2D5 promotes HCC cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo While investigating the mechanism of SH2D5-mediated stimulation of HCC cell proliferation, we noted that HBV induces SH2D5 binding to transketolase (TKT), a pentose phosphate pathway enzyme, thereby promoting an interaction between and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Furthermore, HBx stimulated STAT3 phosphorylation at Tyr-705 and promoted the activity and downstream signaling pathway of STAT3 via the SH2D5-TKT interaction. Taken together, our results suggest that SH2D5 is an HBV-induced protein capable of binding to TKT, leading to induction of HCC cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yu Si
- the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120
| | - Shilei Xu
- the Department of General Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530
| | - Aidong Chen
- the Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, and
| | - Jun Wang
- the Center of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, affiliated with Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214005, China
| | - Binghong Zhang
- Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060,
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da Costa IA, Hennenlotter J, Stühler V, Kühs U, Scharpf M, Todenhöfer T, Stenzl A, Bedke J. Transketolase like 1 (TKTL1) expression alterations in prostate cancer tumorigenesis. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:472.e21-472.e27. [PMID: 30119993 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most common nonepidermal cancer in elderly males. Due to its heterogeneity and high variability in regards to clinical outcome and therapeutic response, urologists' handling of this disease remains a challenge. The objective of this study was to assess Transketolase like 1 (TKTL1) expression in benign prostatic tissue, peritumoral tissue and in CaP (in different stages of disease), and its correlation with clinicopathological findings, in order to detect if TKTL1 expression is associated with CaP tumorigenesis. METHODS In total, 100 tissue samples were included: (i) 22 benign specimens, (ii) 46 specimens with nonmetastatic CaP, and (iii) 32 specimens from patients with metastatic CaP. From the tissue microarray slides, we evaluated immunohistochemically the expression of the TKTL1 protein, using the H-score. RESULTS The TKTL1 protein expression pattern ranges from a low level in benign prostatic tissue (100 [57.5-105]), moderately low in peritumoral tissue (135.42 [100-195.16]), moderate expression in nonmetastatic CaP (200 [172.19-254.38]) to high in metastatic CaP (300 [222.50-300]). A significant rise of TKTL1 mean expression was seen throughout disease progression. A significant difference was also found in TKTL1 expression between peritumoral tissue and benign tissue. CONCLUSION The results obtained in this study suggest that pentose phosphate pathway and its key enzyme TKTL1 is altered throughout the CaP tumorigenesis, and this pathway merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jörg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Viktoria Stühler
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ursula Kühs
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Scharpf
- Department of Pathology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman Todenhöfer
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Bedke
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Millares L, Barreiro E, Cortes R, Martinez-Romero A, Balcells C, Cascante M, Enguita AB, Alvarez C, Rami-Porta R, Sánchez de Cos J, Seijo L, Monsó E. Tumor-associated metabolic and inflammatory responses in early stage non-small cell lung cancer: Local patterns and prognostic significance. Lung Cancer 2018; 122:124-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Heller S, Maurer GD, Wanka C, Hofmann U, Luger AL, Bruns I, Steinbach JP, Rieger J. Gene Suppression of Transketolase-Like Protein 1 (TKTL1) Sensitizes Glioma Cells to Hypoxia and Ionizing Radiation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082168. [PMID: 30044385 PMCID: PMC6121283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In several tumor entities, transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1) has been suggested to promote the nonoxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and thereby to contribute to a malignant phenotype. However, its role in glioma biology has only been sparsely documented. In the present in vitro study using LNT-229 glioma cells, we analyzed the impact of TKTL1 gene suppression on basic metabolic parameters and on survival following oxygen restriction and ionizing radiation. TKTL1 was induced by hypoxia and by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Knockdown of TKTL1 via shRNA increased the cells’ demand for glucose, decreased flux through the PPP and promoted cell death under hypoxic conditions. Following irradiation, suppression of TKTL1 expression resulted in elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced clonogenic survival. In summary, our results indicate a role of TKTL1 in the adaptation of tumor cells to oxygen deprivation and in the acquisition of radioresistance. Further studies are necessary to examine whether strategies that antagonize TKTL1 function will be able to restore the sensitivity of glioma cells towards irradiation and antiangiogenic therapies in the more complex in vivo environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Heller
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology and University Cancer Center (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Gabriele D Maurer
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology and University Cancer Center (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Christina Wanka
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology and University Cancer Center (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Eberhard Karls University, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Anna-Luisa Luger
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology and University Cancer Center (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Ines Bruns
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology and University Cancer Center (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Joachim P Steinbach
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology and University Cancer Center (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Johannes Rieger
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology and University Cancer Center (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Division of Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Hospital Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Counihan
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Grossman
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel K. Nomura
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Zheng X, Li H. TKTL1 modulates the response of paclitaxel-resistant human ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:572-579. [PMID: 29885837 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) plays an important role in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) branch. The main obstacle of ovarian cancer treatment is chemotherapeutic resistance. We investigated whether inhibiting TKTL1 in OC3/TAX300 cells could re-sensitize paclitaxel-resistant cells to paclitaxel and proposed a mechanism of action. Western blotting revealed that TKTL1 expression levels in OC3/Tax300 cells were significantly higher than those in OC3 cells. Inhibition of TKTL1 significantly decreased the cellular proliferation rate and IC50 for paclitaxel. Metabolomics revealed that NADPH levels were reduced in the si-TKTL1 group, whereas NADP+ was increased compared with the level in the negative si-TKTL1 group. A 2.2-fold increase in the ROS level and an obvious increase in the cell apoptosis rate were observed in the si-TKTL1+paclitaxel group compared with those in the negative si-TKTL1+paclitaxel and OC3/Tax300 + paclitaxel groups. Western blotting revealed that Bax and Caspase 3 proteins were up-regulated, whereas Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed no changes in gst-π or mrp1 gene expression in the three groups, whereas GSH levels were reduced in the si-TKTL1 group as verified by metabolomics. TKTL1 inhibition also reduced tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, TKTL1 down-regulation sensitized paclitaxel-resistant OC3/Tax300 ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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Simabuco FM, Morale MG, Pavan IC, Morelli AP, Silva FR, Tamura RE. p53 and metabolism: from mechanism to therapeutics. Oncotarget 2018; 9:23780-23823. [PMID: 29805774 PMCID: PMC5955117 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor cell changes itself and its microenvironment to adapt to different situations, including action of drugs and other agents targeting tumor control. Therefore, metabolism plays an important role in the activation of survival mechanisms to keep the cell proliferative potential. The Warburg effect directs the cellular metabolism towards an aerobic glycolytic pathway, despite the fact that it generates less adenosine triphosphate than oxidative phosphorylation; because it creates the building blocks necessary for cell proliferation. The transcription factor p53 is the master tumor suppressor; it binds to more than 4,000 sites in the genome and regulates the expression of more than 500 genes. Among these genes are important regulators of metabolism, affecting glucose, lipids and amino acids metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and growth factors signaling. Wild-type and mutant p53 may have opposing effects in the expression of these metabolic genes. Therefore, depending on the p53 status of the cell, drugs that target metabolism may have different outcomes and metabolism may modulate drug resistance. Conversely, induction of p53 expression may regulate differently the tumor cell metabolism, inducing senescence, autophagy and apoptosis, which are dependent on the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and/or ROS induction. The interplay between p53 and metabolism is essential in the decision of cell fate and for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M. Simabuco
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirian G. Morale
- Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isadora C.B. Pavan
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Morelli
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando R. Silva
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo E. Tamura
- Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wang CY, Shui HA, Chang TC. Dual effects for lovastatin in anaplastic thyroid cancer: the pivotal effect of transketolase (TKT) on lovastatin and tumor proliferation. J Investig Med 2018; 66:1-9. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-2017-000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that the effects of lovastatin on anaplastic thyroid cancer cell growth are mediated by upregulation of transketolase (TKT) expression. The effects of lovastatin on TKT protein levels in ARO cells were determined using western blot and proteomic analyses. After treatment with lovastatin and oxythiamine, the in vitro and in vivo growth of ARO cells was determined using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays and tumor xenografts in nude mice. TKT protein expression in the ARO tumors was assessed using immunohistochemistry analysis. Proteomic analysis revealed that 25 µM lovastatin upregulated TKT expression. Co-treatment of ARO cells with 1 µM lovastatin + 1 µM oxythiamine increased TKT protein expression compared with control levels; however, no differences were observed with 10 µM lovastatin + 1 µM oxythiamine. Furthermore, treatment with either oxythiamine or lovastatin alone reduced ARO tumor expression of TKT, as well as decreased ARO cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. However, mice treated with both lovastatin and oxythiamine at the same time had tumor volumes similar to that of the untreated control group. We conclude that either lovastatin or oxythiamine reduced ARO cell growth; however, the combination of these drugs resulted in antagonism of ARO tumor growth.
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Diaz-Moralli S, Aguilar E, Marin S, Coy JF, Dewerchin M, Antoniewicz MR, Meca-Cortés O, Notebaert L, Ghesquière B, Eelen G, Thomson TM, Carmeliet P, Cascante M. A key role for transketolase-like 1 in tumor metabolic reprogramming. Oncotarget 2016; 7:51875-97. [PMID: 27391434 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming, a crucial cancer hallmark, shifts metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle or lipogenesis, to enable the growth characteristics of cancer cells. Here, we provide evidence that transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) orchestrates aerobic glycolysis, fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis, glutamine metabolism, protection against oxidative stress and cell proliferation. Furthermore, silencing of TKTL1 reduced the levels of sphingolipids such as lactosylceramide (a sphingolipid regulating cell survival, proliferation and angiogenesis) and phosphatidylinositol (which activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling). Thus, in addition to its well-known roles in glucose and amino acid metabolism, TKTL1 also regulates lipid metabolism. In conclusion, our study provides unprecedented evidence that TKTL1 plays central roles in major metabolic processes subject to reprogramming in cancer cells and thus identifies TKTL1 as a promising target for new anti-cancer therapies.
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Teoh ST, Lunt SY. Metabolism in cancer metastasis: bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and beyond. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2017; 10. [DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao Thing Teoh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
| | - Sophia Y. Lunt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
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Kowalik MA, Columbano A, Perra A. Emerging Role of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2017; 7:87. [PMID: 28553614 PMCID: PMC5425478 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a revival of interest in metabolic changes of cancer cells as it has been noticed that malignant transformation and metabolic reprogramming are closely intertwined. The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is one of the fundamental components of cellular metabolism crucial for cancer cells. This review will discuss recent findings regarding the involvement of PPP enzymes in several types of cancer, with a focus on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We will pay considerable attention to the involvement of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the PPP. Subsequently, we discuss the inhibition of the PPP as a potential therapeutic strategy against cancer, in particular, HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Anna Kowalik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Amedeo Columbano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Perra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Coy JF. EDIM-TKTL1/Apo10 Blood Test: An Innate Immune System Based Liquid Biopsy for the Early Detection, Characterization and Targeted Treatment of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E878. [PMID: 28425973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epitope detection in monocytes (EDIM) represents a liquid biopsy exploiting the innate immune system. Activated monocytes (macrophages) phagocytose unwanted cells/cell fragments from the whole body including solid tissues. As they return to the blood, macrophages can be used for a non-invasive detection of biomarkers, thereby providing high sensitivity and specificity, because the intracellular presence of biomarkers is due to an innate immune response. Flow cytometry analysis of blood enables the detection of macrophages and phagocytosed intracellular biomarkers. In order to establish a pan-cancer test, biomarkers for two fundamental biophysical mechanisms have been exploited. The DNaseX/Apo10 protein epitope is a characteristic of tumor cells with abnormal apoptosis and proliferation. Transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) is a marker for an anaerobic glucose metabolism (Warburg effect), which is concomitant with invasive growth/metastasis and resistant to radical and apoptosis inducing therapies. The detection of Apo10 and TKTL1 in blood macrophages allowed a sensitive (95.8%) and specific (97.3%) detection of prostate, breast and oral squamous cell carcinomas. Since TKTL1 represents a drugable target, the EDIM based detection of TKTL1 enables a targeted cancer therapy using the vitamin derivatives oxythiamine or benfo-oxythiamine.
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Abstract
Glycolysis is highly upregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC glycolysis is an important contributor to disease progression and decreases sensitivity to radiation or chemotherapy. Despite therapeutic advances, the survival rates for HNSCC patients remain low. Understanding glycolysis regulation in HNSCC will facilitate the development of effective therapeutic strategies for this disease. In this review, we will evaluate the regulation of altered HNSCC glycolysis and possible therapeutic approaches by targeting glycolytic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Kumar
- Department of Bioinformatics, SRM University, Sonepat, Haryana-131029, India
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Dong Y, Wang M. Knockdown of TKTL1 additively complements cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by regulating the levels of NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 85:672-678. [PMID: 27916418 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) plays an important role in pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) branch, the main pathway generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and nucleotides for DNA synthesis. TKTL1 is closely related to DNA damage and has a close relationship with incidence and progression of cancers. Cisplatin is the main chemotherapeutic drug by inducing DNA damage. Whether TKTL1 knockdown additively complements cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, however, remains largely undefined. METHODS Lipofectamine 2000 was used to transfect si-TKTL1s with different sequences into the CNE2 and HONE1 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of TKTL1 were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to access the viability and apoptosis of CNE2 and HONE1 cells. The NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate levels in both CNE2 and HONE1 cells were determined by NADPH examination kit and HPCE analysis, respectively. The effect of TKTL1 knockdown and NADPH/ribose-5-phosphate supplement on DNA damage was assessed by using Comet assay. RESULTS TKTL1 knockdown significantly decreased TKTL1 level in CNE2 and HONE1 cells. A significant decrease in cell viability and an obvious increase in cell apoptosis rate were found in si-TKTL1+cisplatin group compared with si-TKTL1 group or si-control+cisplatin group. The levels of NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate in CNE1 and HONE1 cells were dramatically decreased in si-TKTL1 group compared with si-control group. TKTL1 knockdown additively complemented cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity, which was partly reversed by the supplements of NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate, including the increased survival rate, decreased apoptosis and DNA damage. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of TKTL1 additively complements cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by inhibiting the levels of NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate, indicating that TKTL1 may be a promising target to improve the therapeutic effect combining with cisplatin for the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China
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Li M, Gao F, Xia Y, Tang Y, Zhao W, Jin C, Luo H, Wang J, Li Q, Wang Y. Filtrating colorectal cancer associated genes by integrated analyses of global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in cancer and normal tissue. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31826. [PMID: 27546520 DOI: 10.1038/srep31826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine patterning across the tumor genome was considered as a hallmark of cancer development and progression. However, locus-specific difference of hydroxymethylation between colorectal cancer and normal tissue is unknown. In this study, we performed a newly developed method, HMST-seq, to profile 726 aberrant methylated loci and 689 aberrant hydroxymethylated loci synchronously in genome wide of colorectal cancers, majority of which presented higher methylation or lower hydroxymethylationin than in normal group. Besides, abnormal hydroxymethylated modification was more frequently occur at proximal regions close to TSSs and TSSs regions than abnormal methylation. Subsequently, we screened four genes (ALOX15, GHRHR, TFPI2 and TKTL1) with aberrant methylation and aberrant hydroxymethylation at some genome position by functional enrichment analysis as candidate genes associated with colorectal cancer. Our results may allow us to select differentially epigenetically modified target genes implicated in colorectal cancer tumorigenesis.
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Abstract
Cancer cells uptake glucose at a higher rate and produce lactic acid rather than metabolizing pyruvate through the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This adaptive metabolic shift is termed the Warburg effect. Recently progress had been made regarding the mechanistic understanding of glucose metabolism and associated diagnostic and therapeutic methods, which have been investigated in colorectal cancer. The majority of novel mechanisms involve important glucose metabolism associated genes and miRNA regulation. The present review discusses the contribution of these research results to facilitate with the development of novel diagnosis and anticancer treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitian Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China; Hangzhou No. 4 High School, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
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