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Saito MM, Onuma K, Yamakoshi Y. Cementum is key to periodontal tissue regeneration: A review on apatite microstructures for creation of novel cementum-based dental implants. Genesis 2023; 61:e23514. [PMID: 37067171 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The cementum is the outermost layer of hard tissue covering the dentin within the root portion of the teeth. It is the only hard tissue with a specialized structure and function that forms a part of both the teeth and periodontal tissue. As such, cementum is believed to be critical for periodontal tissue regeneration. In this review, we discuss the function and histological structure of the cementum to promote crystal engineering with a biochemical approach in cementum regenerative medicine. We review the microstructure of enamel and bone while discussing the mechanism underlying apatite crystal formation to infer the morphology of cementum apatite crystals and their complex structure with collagen fibers. Finally, the limitations of the current dental implant treatments in clinical practice are explored from the perspective of periodontal tissue regeneration. We anticipate the possibility of advancing periodontal tissue regenerative medicine via cementum regeneration using a combination of material science and biochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari M Saito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuo Onuma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yamakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
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Abuarqoub D, Theeb LS, Omari MB, Hamadneh YI, Alrawabdeh JA, Aslam N, Jafar H, Awidi A. The Osteogenic Role of Biomaterials Combined with Human-Derived Dental Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:251-270. [PMID: 36808303 PMCID: PMC10070593 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of stem cells in regenerative medicine had great potential for clinical applications. However, cell delivery strategies have critical importance in stimulating the differentiation of stem cells and enhancing their potential to regenerate damaged tissues. Different strategies have been used to investigate the osteogenic potential of dental stem cells in conjunction with biomaterials through in vitro and in vivo studies. Osteogenesis has a broad implication in regenerative medicine, particularly for maxillofacial defects. This review summarizes some of the most recent developments in the field of tissue engineering using dental stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa Abuarqoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Laith S Theeb
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad B Omari
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Yazan I Hamadneh
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | | | - Nazneen Aslam
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hanan Jafar
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Abdalla Awidi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
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Chi CW, Lohanathan BP, Wong CC, Chen CL, Lin HC, Chiang YC. Multiple growth factors accommodated degradable submicron calcium sulfate hemihydrate/porous hydroxyapatite for dentin-pulp regeneration. Biomater Adv 2022; 140:213045. [PMID: 35939956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vital pulp therapy (VPT) has gained significant consideration by utilizing the natural healing capacity of the inflamed pulp in healing process. However, the protective pulp capping materials that facilitate this healing process are still under investigation for the successful promotion of dentin-pulp regeneration. Herein, we developed a bioactive and biodegradable pulp capping material (denoted as sCSHA-GFs) by synthesizing inorganic submicron calcium sulfate hemihydrate (sCS)/porous hydroxyapatite (HA) loaded with growth factors (GFs) such as transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Physiochemical characteristics of submicron CSHA-GFs (sCSHA-GFs) cement were determined. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were used for analyzing their biocompatibility and bioactivity for dentin mineralization. To evaluate the efficacy of sCSHA-GFs, we compared it with a commercial material, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), the reference standard used clinically on pulp capping. Our results showed that sCSHA-GFs cement presented good biodegradability with dissolution properties for sustained release of calcium (Ca2+) ions and GFs, and facilitated attachment, proliferation, differentiation and migration of hDPSCs. In addition, sCSHA-GFs cement was found to be more effective than MTA at prolonged incubation time in inducing the mRNA expression levels of odontoblastic differentiation markers, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein (DMP-1), leading to increased mineralization (with calcium deposits) along with increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expressions, evident from Alizarin Red S and ALP staining assays. Our findings suggest that sCSHA-GFs cement may act as a suitable material in VPT for dentin-pulp regeneration.
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Chen X, Gao CY, Chu XY, Zheng CY, Luan YY, He X, Yang K, Zhang DL. VEGF-Loaded Heparinised Gelatine-Hydroxyapatite-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold Accelerates Bone Regeneration via Enhancing Osteogenesis-Angiogenesis Coupling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:915181. [PMID: 35757798 PMCID: PMC9216719 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.915181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone tissue defect, one of the common orthopaedicdiseases, is traumatizing and affects patient’s lifestyle. Although autologous and xenograft bone transplantations are performed in bone tissue engineering, clinical development of bone transplantation is limited because ofvarious factors, such as varying degrees of immune rejection, lack of bone sources, and secondary damage to bone harvesting. Methods: We synthesised a heparinised gelatine-hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HG-HA-TCP) scaffold loaded with sustained-release vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) analysed their structure, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. Additionally, the effects of HG-HA-TCP (VEGF) scaffolds on osteogenic differentiation and vascularisation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo were investigated. Results: HG-HA-TCP scaffold possessed good pore structure, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. HG-HA-TCP scaffold loaded with VEGF could effectively promote SHED proliferation, migration, and adhesion. Moreover, HG-HA-TCP (VEGF) scaffold increased the expression of osteogenesis- and angiogenesis-related genes and promoted osteogenic differentiation and vascularisation in cells. In vivo results demonstrated that VEGF-loaded HG-HA-TCP scaffold improved new bone regeneration and enhanced bone mineral density, revealed byhistological, micro-CT and histochemical straining analyses. Osteogenic and angiogenic abilities of the three biological scaffolds wereranked as follows: HG-HA-TCP (VEGF) > G-HA-TCP (VEGF) > G-HA-TCP. Conclusion: HG-HA-TCP (VEGF) scaffold with good biocompatibility could create an encouraging osteogenic microenvironment that could accelerate vessel formation and osteogenesis, providing an effective scaffold for bone tissue engineering and developing new clinical treatment strategies for bone tissue defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Stomatology, Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Gao
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Chu
- Department of Stomatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Yi Luan
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Guo M, Liu F, Wang W, Liu Z, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Huang Z. Naringin Promotes Osteogenic/Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells via Wnt/ β-Catenin. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022; 2022:4505471. [PMID: 35677363 PMCID: PMC9168102 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4505471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This investigation intended to unravel the effect and mechanism of naringin on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods hDPSCs were induced to differentiate, and the degree of cell differentiation was observed by alizarin red staining, Oil Red O staining, and Alcian blue staining. hDPSCs were treated with 0, 20, 40, and 80 μmol/L naringin for 48 h, respectively. The proliferation rate and chemotaxis of the cells were measured by MTT and transwell assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteogenic differentiation degree by ALP staining and alizarin red staining, and gene expression of osteogenic markers by qRT-PCR. Additionally, western blot was performed to test the levels of Wnt/β-catenin signaling-related proteins in hDPSCs. Results The isolated hDPSCs with spindle-shaped morphology had good differentiation capability. Further experiments confirmed naringin-caused increases in the proliferation rate and migration ability of hDPSCs. In addition, compared with the control group, naringin-treated cells had strong ALP activity and ossification levels and higher expression of Runx2, OPN, DSPP, and DMP1. The western blot results showed that naringin significantly activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in hDPSCs. Conclusion Taken together, naringin enhances the proliferation, migration, and osteogenesis of hDPSCs through stimulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Guo
- Department of General Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Fen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Yiyu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
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Ghandforoushan P, Hanaee J, Aghazadeh Z, Samiei M, Navali AM, Khatibi A, Davaran S. Novel nanocomposite scaffold based on gelatin/PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogels embedded with TGF-β1 for chondrogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:270-287. [PMID: 34998887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, a novel nanocomposite hydrogel scaffold comprising of natural-based gelatin and synthetic-based (poly D, L (lactide-co-glycolide) -b- poly (ethylene glycol)-b- poly D, L (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) triblock copolymer was developed and loaded with transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1). Synthesized scaffolds' chemical structure was examined by 1H NMR and ATR-FTIR. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed particle size and morphology of the prepared nanoparticles as well as the scaffolds. The morphology analysis revealed a porous interconnected structure throughout the scaffold with a pore size dimension of about 202.05 µm. The swelling behavior, in vitro degradation, mechanical properties, density, and porosity were also evaluated. Phalloidin/DAPI staining was utilized for confirming the extended cytoskeleton of the chondrocytes. Alcian blue staining was conducted to determine cartilaginous matrix sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) synthesis. Eventually, over a period of 21 days, a real-time RT-PCR analysis was applied to measure the mRNA expression of chondrogenic marker genes, type-II collagen, SOX 9, and aggrecan, in hDPSCs cultured for up to 21 days to study the influence of gelatin/PLGA-PEG-PLGA-TGF-β1 hydrogels on hDPSCs. The findings of the cell-encapsulating hydrogels analysis suggested that the adhesion, viability, and chondrogenic differentiation of hDPSCs improved by gelatin/PLGA-PEG-PLGA-TGF-β1 nanocomposite hydrogels. These data supported the conclusion that gelatin/PLGA-PEG-PLGA-TGF-β1 nanocomposite hydrogels render the features that allow thein vitrofunctionality of encapsulated hDPSCs and hence can contribute the basis for new effective strategies for the treatment of cartilage injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Ghandforoushan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Hanaee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medicinal Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Oral Medicine department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Samiei
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Khatibi
- Department of biotechnology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Applied Drug Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Kanemoto Y, Miyaji H, Nishida E, Miyata S, Mayumi K, Yoshino Y, Kato A, Sugaya T, Akasaka T, Nathanael AJ, Santhakumar S, Oyane A. Periodontal tissue engineering using an apatite/collagen scaffold obtained by a plasma- and precursor-assisted biomimetic process. J Periodontal Res 2021; 57:205-218. [PMID: 34786723 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In the treatment of severe periodontal destruction, there is a strong demand for advanced scaffolds that can regenerate periodontal tissues with adequate quality and quantity. Recently, we developed a plasma- and precursor-assisted biomimetic process by which a porous collagen scaffold (CS) could be coated with low-crystalline apatite. The apatite-coated collagen scaffold (Ap-CS) promotes cellular ingrowth within the scaffold compared to CS in rat subcutaneous tissue. In the present study, the osteogenic activity of Ap-CS was characterized by cell culture and rat skull augmentation tests. In addition, the periodontal tissue reconstruction with Ap-CS in a beagle dog was compared to that with CS. METHODS The plasma- and precursor-assisted biomimetic process was applied to CS to obtain Ap-CS with a low-crystalline apatite coating. The effects of apatite coating on the scaffold characteristics (i.e., surface morphology, water absorption, Ca release, protein adsorption, and enzymatic degradation resistance) were assessed. Cyto-compatibility and the osteogenic properties of Ap-CS and CS were assessed in vitro using preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, we performed in vivo studies to evaluate bone augmentation and periodontal tissue reconstruction with Ap-CS and CS in a rat skull and canine furcation lesion, respectively. RESULTS As previously reported, the plasma- and precursor-assisted biomimetic process generated a low-crystalline apatite layer with a nanoporous structure that uniformly covered the Ap-CS surface. Ap-CS showed significantly higher water absorption, Ca release, lysozyme adsorption, and collagenase resistance than CS. Cell culture experiments revealed that Ap-CS was superior to CS in promoting the osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells while suppressing their proliferation. Additionally, Ap-CS significantly promoted (compared to CS) the augmentation of the rat skull bone and showed the potential to regenerate alveolar bone in a dog furcation defect. CONCLUSION Ap-CS fabricated by the plasma- and precursor-assisted biomimetic process provided superior promotion of osteogenic differentiation and bone neoformation compared to CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimi Kanemoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyaji
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Erika Nishida
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Saori Miyata
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kayoko Mayumi
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuto Yoshino
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akihito Kato
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sugaya
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Akasaka
- Department of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Arputharaj Joseph Nathanael
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Syama Santhakumar
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ayako Oyane
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Corral Nunez C, Altamirano Gaete D, Maureira M, Martin J, Covarrubias C. Nanoparticles of Bioactive Glass Enhance Biodentine Bioactivity on Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14102684. [PMID: 34065440 PMCID: PMC8161258 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of a novel nanocomposite containing nanoparticles of bioactive glass (nBGs) on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). nBGs were synthesized by the sol–gel method. Biodentine (BD) nanocomposites (nBG/BD) were prepared with 2 and 5% wt of nBG content; unmodified BD and glass ionomer cement were used as references. Cell viability and attachment were evaluated after 3, 7 and 14 days. Odontogenic differentiation was assessed with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity after 7 and 14 days of exposure. Cells successfully adhered and proliferated on nBG/BD nanocomposites, cell viability of nanocomposites was comparable with unmodified BD and higher than GIC. nBG/BD nanocomposites were, particularly, more active to promote odontogenic differentiation, expressed as higher ALP activity of hDPSCs after 7 days of exposure, than neat BD or GIC. This novel nanocomposite biomaterial, nBG/BD, allowed hDPSC attachment and proliferation and increased the expression of ALP, upregulated in mineral-producing cells. These findings open opportunities to use nBG/BD in vital pulp therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Corral Nunez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (D.A.G.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.N.); (C.C.); Tel.: +56-2-9781742 (C.C.N.); +56-2-9785063 (C.C.)
| | - Diego Altamirano Gaete
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (D.A.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Miguel Maureira
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
| | - Javier Martin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (D.A.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Cristian Covarrubias
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
- Correspondence: (C.C.N.); (C.C.); Tel.: +56-2-9781742 (C.C.N.); +56-2-9785063 (C.C.)
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Surya P, Nithin A, Sundaramanickam A, Sathish M. Synthesis and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite from Sardinella longiceps fish bone and its effects on human osteoblast bone cells. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 119:104501. [PMID: 33865069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Organic debris in the form of fish bone wastes account to several thousand tons annually. In recent years, researchers have turned attention towards the bioconversion of organic debris into materials with biomedical applications. Accordingly, the present study synthesized nano-Hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) from bones of discarded Sardinella longiceps by the alkaline hydrolysis method. The synthesized n-HAP was characterized by using the scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Crushed fish bone demonstrated an agglomerate of fine and rod-like crystals as observed in SEM, whereas n-HAP exhibited a structure of dense thick particles. FTIR spectral data confirmed the functional groups such as alkanes, esters, saturated aliphatic, and aromatic groups. XRD analysis exhibited strong diffraction peaks of HAP confirming its presence in synthesized n-HAP. AFM analysis affirmed that the synthesized particles had an average size of 19.65 nm. Cell viability was tested at different concentrations (10, 50, 100, 250 μg/mL) against human osteoblast bone cells (MG-63).The maximum cell viability (141.3 ± 3.1%) was observed at 100 μg/mL (24 h). Mineralization was evaluated using Alizarin red staining of osteoblast MG-63 cells treated with n-HAP at the concentration of 50 and 100 μg/mL (0.54 ± 0.03 and 0.99 ± 0.05%) which exhibited red color indicating good results. The size, morphology, functional groups, viability and mineralization of the synthesized n-HAP are favorable for its use in bone tissue engineering and other potential osteo and dental applications.
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Gu Y, Xie X, Zhuang R, Weir MD, Oates TW, Bai Y, Zhao L, Xu HHK. A Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Cement Enhances Dentin Regeneration by Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Promotes Macrophages M2 Phenotype In Vitro. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:1113-1127. [PMID: 33261521 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is promising for bone and dentin repair and regeneration. However, there has been no report of biphasic CPC for inducing dentin regeneration. The aim of this study was to develop a novel biphasic CPC containing β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), and investigate its effects on odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and macrophage polarization. New biphasic CPC was formulated with different ratios of β-TCP to an equimolar mixture of tetracalcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous. Mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and odontogenic differentiation induction ability of the cements and the inflammatory reaction to the cements were examined. A series of CPC containing β-TCP were developed. CPC with 20% β-TCP exhibited homogeneity and injectability, an acceptable setting time, and a twofold increase in compressive strength. Significant increases in hDPSCs' alkaline phosphatase activity, mineral deposit, DMP1 and DSPP gene, and protein expressions were obtained for 20% TCP-CPC, compared with traditional CPC (p < 0.01). The addition of β-TCP did not promote macrophage polarization to the proinflammation phenotype. The addition of 10% and 20% β-TCP promoted macrophage polarization to the anti-inflammatory phenotype. In conclusion, a biphasic β-TCP-modified CPC was developed for the first time, demonstrating substantially increased dentin regeneration capability, while promoting macrophages to an anti-inflammation phenotype. The novel biphasic CPC is promising for tooth tissue engineering and dentin regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Gu
- Department of Orthodontics and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianju Xie
- Department of Orthodontics and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhuang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine and University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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11
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Alipour M, Firouzi N, Aghazadeh Z, Samiei M, Montazersaheb S, Khoshfetrat AB, Aghazadeh M. The osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in alginate-gelatin/Nano-hydroxyapatite microcapsules. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:6. [PMID: 33430842 PMCID: PMC7802203 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00666-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microcapsule is considered as a promising 3D microenvironment for Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE) applications. Microencapsulation of cells in an appropriate scaffold not only protected the cells against excess stress but also promoted cell proliferation and differentiation. Through the current study, we aimed to microcapsulate the human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) and evaluated the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of those cells by using MTT assay, qRT-PCR, Alkaline phosphatase, and Alizarine Red S. Results The SEM results revealed that Alg/Gel microcapsules containing nHA showed a rough and more compact surface morphology in comparison with the Alg/Gel microcapsules. Moreover, the microencapsulation by Alg/Gel/nHA could improve cell proliferation and induce osteogenic differentiation. The cells cultured in the Alg/Gel and Alg/Gel/nHA microcapsules showed 1.4-fold and 1.7-fold activity of BMP-2 gene expression more in comparison with the control group after 21 days. The mentioned amounts for the BMP-2 gene were 2.5-fold and 4-fold more expression for the Alg/Gel and Alg/Gel/nHA microcapsules after 28 days. The nHA, addition to hDPSCs-laden Alg/Gel microcapsule, could up-regulate the bone-related gene expressions of osteocalcin, osteonectin, and RUNX-2 during the 21 and 28 days through the culturing period, too. Calcium deposition and ALP activities of the cells were observed in accordance with the proliferation results as well as the gene expression analysis. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that microencapsulation of the hDPSCs inside the Alg/Gel/nHA hydrogel could be a potential approach for regenerative dentistry in the near future. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Alipour
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Firouzi
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Laboratory, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center and Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Samiei
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Baradar Khoshfetrat
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Laboratory, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center and Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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12
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Sato M, Kawase-Koga Y, Yamakawa D, Fujii Y, Chikazu D. Bone Regeneration Potential of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Elderly Patients and Osteo-Induced by a Helioxanthin Derivative. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207731. [PMID: 33086667 PMCID: PMC7590053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have high clonogenic and proliferative potential. We previously reported that a helioxanthin derivative (4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrido[40,30:4,5]thieno[2–b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (TH)) enhances osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs derived from young patients. However, in the clinical field, elderly patients more frequently require bone regenerative therapy than young patients. In this study, we examined and compared the osteogenic differentiation potential of TH-induced DPSCs from elderly patients and young patients to explore the potential clinical use of DPSCs for elderly patients. DPSCs were obtained from young and elderly patients and cultured in osteogenic medium with or without TH. We assessed the characteristics and osteogenic differentiation by means of specific staining and gene expression analyses. Moreover, DPSC sheets were transplanted into mouse calvarial defects to investigate osteogenesis of TH-induced DPSCs by performing micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). We demonstrated that osteogenic conditions with TH enhance the osteogenic differentiation marker of DPSCs from elderly patients as well as young patients in vitro. In vivo examination showed increased osteogenesis of DPSCs treated with TH from both elderly patients and young patients. Our results suggest that the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs from elderly patients is as high as that of DPSCs from young patients. Moreover, TH-induced DPSCs showed increased osteogenic differentiation potential, and are thus a potentially useful cell source for bone regenerative therapy for elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Yoko Kawase-Koga
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3353-8111 (ext. 28334); Fax: +81-3-3353-8111
| | - Daiki Yamakawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Yasuyuki Fujii
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Daichi Chikazu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
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13
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Martín-Pat GE, Rodriguez-Fuentes N, Cervantes-Uc JM, Rosales-Ibáñez R, Carrillo-Escalante HJ, Ku-Gonzalez AF, Avila-Ortega A, Hernandez-Sanchez F. Effect of different exposure times on physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties of PGS scaffolds treated with plasma of iodine-doped polypyrrole. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:485-499. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328220941466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polyglycerol sebacate (PGS) scaffolds obtained using a leaching technique were modified with iodine-doped polypyrrole (PPy-I) in a plasma reactor in order to study the effect of exposure time on the cell viability of hDPSCs. SEM analysis showed the formation and growth of PPy-I particles as the exposure time was increased, while FTIR and XPS analysis revealed the presence of -NH- and N+ groups in the chemical composition of the surfaces, relating to the increase in the amount of PPY-I particles. The water contact angle measurements showed an increase in the scaffold’s hydrophilicity with greater exposure times which was also attributed to the rising of PPy-I particles. It was also observed that PPy-I promotes the rigidity of the treated PGS scaffolds. when in direct contact with treated PGS scaffolds, cell viability improved with respect to non-treated scaffolds, however only at shorter time exposures. Extracts of plasma-treated PGS scaffolds showed high cytotoxicity as the time exposure to plasma treatment was increased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alejandro Avila-Ortega
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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14
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Gu Y, Zhuang R, Xie X, Bai Y. Osteogenic stimulation of human dental pulp stem cells with self‐setting biphasic calcium phosphate cement. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:1669-1678. [PMID: 31769191 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Gu
- Department of OrthodonticsBeijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Rui Zhuang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryBeijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xianju Xie
- Department of OrthodonticsBeijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of OrthodonticsBeijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
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15
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Abstract
Proliferation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is crucial in tooth development and damage repairing, also includes its therapy application for tissue engineering. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in biological processes of DPSCs, and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) also plays important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation, however, the roles of miR-584 and TAZ in DPSCs are not known. We found up-regulated miR-584 expression and down-regulated TAZ expression levels in aging dental pulp tissue compare to those in young dental pulp tissue. In proliferating DPSCs we demonstrated the decreased miR-584 expression and increased TAZ expression. miR-584 mimics suppressed DPSCs proliferation and migration, and significantly reduced TAZ production, whereas miR-584 inhibition exerted the converse effects. Knocking down of the TAZ in DPSCs had a similar effect as overexpression of miR-584. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-584 could directly bind to the TAZ mRNA 3'UTR to repress its translation. Overexpression of TAZ can partly rescue miR-584 mimic-mediated the inhibition of proliferation. Additionally, miR-584 inhibited cell proliferation and downregulated expression of cell cycle proteins by AKT signaling pathway. Together, we identified that miR-584 may be a key regulator in the proliferation of DPSCs by regulating TAZ expression via AKT signaling pathway. It would be a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for pulp disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Tian
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Physical Examination Center, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fusheng Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yongqing Dou
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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16
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Liu F, Liu C, Zheng B, He J, Liu J, Chen C, Lee IS, Wang X, Liu Y. Synergistic Effects on Incorporation of β-Tricalcium Phosphate and Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles to Silk Fibroin/Soy Protein Isolate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E69. [PMID: 31906498 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In bone tissue engineering, an ideal scaffold is required to have favorable physical, chemical (or physicochemical), and biological (or biochemical) properties to promote osteogenesis. Although silk fibroin (SF) and/or soy protein isolate (SPI) scaffolds have been widely used as an alternative to autologous and heterologous bone grafts, the poor mechanical property and insufficient osteoinductive capability has become an obstacle for their in vivo applications. Herein, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles are incorporated into SF/SPI scaffolds simultaneously or individually. Physical and chemical properties of these composite scaffolds are evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the composite scaffolds are evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). All the composite scaffolds have a complex porous structure with proper pore sizes and porosities. Physicochemical properties of the scaffolds can be significantly increased through the incorporation of β-TCP and GO nanoparticles. Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and osteogenesis-related gene expression of the BMSCs are significantly enhanced in the presence of β-TCP and GO nanoparticles. Especially, β-TCP and GO nanoparticles have a synergistic effect on promoting osteogenesis. These results suggest that the β-TCP and GO enhanced SF/SPI scaffolds are promising candidates for bone tissue regeneration.
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17
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Tian S, Wang J, Dong F, Du N, Li W, Song P, Liu Y. Concentrated Growth Factor Promotes Dental Pulp Cells Proliferation and Mineralization and Facilitates Recovery of Dental Pulp Tissue. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:10016-10028. [PMID: 31877561 PMCID: PMC6944166 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental pulp cells (DPCs) play vital roles in the recovery of dental pulp tissue. Concentrated growth factor (CGF) can promote proliferation and mineralization of various cells. However, the functions of CGF on DPCs and dental pulp tissue are unclear. The object of our study was to identify the roles of CGF in DPCs proliferation and mineralization in vitro and to assess the effects of CGF on direct pulp capping in vivo. Material/Methods We performed CCK-8 and Transwell assay to detect proliferation and migration activity of DPCs. Alizarin Red staining was performed to examine mineralized nodules. Alkaline phosphatase activity test was used to measure the mineralization capacity of DPCs. We assessed the odontogenic differentiation gene expression level by Western blot and qPCR. The effect of CGF on direct pulp capping in vivo were evaluated by radiography and histopathology. Results CGF increased the number of proliferative and migratory DPCs. CGF enhanced DPCs mineralized nodules and improved the gene expression levels of DSPP, DMP-1, BSP, and ALP. CGF upregulated the protein levels of ALP, BMP2, SMAD5, Runx2, and p-Smad, and the effect could be partially reversed by Noggin. CGF promoted pulp recovery and kept its vitality in directly pulp capping. Conclusions CGF promotes DPCs proliferation and mineralization. It regulates the mineralization of DPCs via the BMP2/SMAD5/Runx2 signaling pathway. CGF can be used as the effective graft for direct pulp capping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Tian
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Fusheng Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Nan Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Yanping Liu
- Physical Examination Center, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
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18
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Brovold M, Almeida JI, Pla-Palacín I, Sainz-Arnal P, Sánchez-Romero N, Rivas JJ, Almeida H, Dachary PR, Serrano-Aulló T, Soker S, Baptista PM. Naturally-Derived Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications. Adv Exp Med Biol 2019; 1077:421-449. [PMID: 30357702 PMCID: PMC7526297 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0947-2_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Naturally-derived biomaterials have been used for decades in multiple regenerative medicine applications. From the simplest cell microcarriers made of collagen or alginate, to highly complex decellularized whole-organ scaffolds, these biomaterials represent a class of substances that is usually first in choice at the time of electing a functional and useful biomaterial. Hence, in this chapter we describe the several naturally-derived biomaterials used in tissue engineering applications and their classification, based on composition. We will also describe some of the present uses of the generated tissues like drug discovery, developmental biology, bioprinting and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Brovold
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joana I Almeida
- Health Research Institute of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Iris Pla-Palacín
- Health Research Institute of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Sainz-Arnal
- Health Research Institute of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Jesus J Rivas
- Health Research Institute of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Helen Almeida
- Health Research Institute of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo Royo Dachary
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitária de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Liver Transplant Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Trinidad Serrano-Aulló
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitária de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Liver Transplant Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Shay Soker
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Pedro M Baptista
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitária de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.
- Center for Biomedical Research Network Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Zaragoza, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
- Biomedical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Fundación ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain.
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19
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Moonesi Rad R, Atila D, Akgün EE, Evis Z, Keskin D, Tezcaner A. Evaluation of human dental pulp stem cells behavior on a novel nanobiocomposite scaffold prepared for regenerative endodontics. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2019; 100:928-948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Re F, Sartore L, Moulisova V, Cantini M, Almici C, Bianchetti A, Chinello C, Dey K, Agnelli S, Manferdini C, Bernardi S, Lopomo NF, Sardini E, Borsani E, Rodella LF, Savoldi F, Paganelli C, Guizzi P, Lisignoli G, Magni F, Salmeron-Sanchez M, Russo D. 3D gelatin-chitosan hybrid hydrogels combined with human platelet lysate highly support human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. J Tissue Eng 2019; 10:2041731419845852. [PMID: 31105928 PMCID: PMC6507314 DOI: 10.1177/2041731419845852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow and adipose tissue human mesenchymal stem cells were seeded in highly performing 3D gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogels of varying chitosan content in the presence of human platelet lysate and evaluated for their proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Both bone marrow and adipose tissue human mesenchymal stem cells in gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogel 1 (chitosan content 8.1%) or gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogel 2 (chitosan 14.9%) showed high levels of viability (80%–90%), and their proliferation and osteogenic differentiation was significantly higher with human platelet lysate compared to fetal bovine serum, particularly in gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogel 1. Mineralization was detected early, after 21 days of culture, when human platelet lysate was used in the presence of osteogenic stimuli. Proteomic characterization of human platelet lysate highlighted 59 proteins mainly involved in functions related to cell adhesion, cellular repairing mechanisms, and regulation of cell differentiation. In conclusion, the combination of our gelatin–chitosan hybrid hydrogels with hPL represents a promising strategy for bone regenerative medicine using human mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Re
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.,Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologica AIL (CREA), ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luciana Sartore
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vladimira Moulisova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marco Cantini
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Camillo Almici
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianchetti
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Clizia Chinello
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Kamol Dey
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Agnelli
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Bernardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.,Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologica AIL (CREA), ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola F Lopomo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emilio Sardini
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Borsani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaptation and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi F Rodella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaptation and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabio Savoldi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Dental Materials Science, Discipline of Applied Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Corrado Paganelli
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Guizzi
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fulvio Magni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Domenico Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
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Sanz JL, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Llena C, Sauro S, Forner L. Bioactivity of Bioceramic Materials Used in the Dentin-Pulp Complex Therapy: A Systematic Review. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12071015. [PMID: 30934746 PMCID: PMC6479584 DOI: 10.3390/ma12071015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dentistry-applied bioceramic materials are ceramic materials that are categorized as bioinert, bioactive and biodegradable. They share a common characteristic of being specifically designed to fulfil their function; they are able to act as root canal sealers, cements, root repair or filling materials. Bioactivity is only attributed to those materials which are capable of inducing a desired tissue response from the host. The aim of this study is to present a systematic review of available literature investigating bioactivity of dentistry-applied bioceramic materials towards dental pulp stem cells, including a bibliometric analysis of such a group of studies and a presentation of the parameters used to assess bioactivity, materials studied and a summary of results. The research question, based on the PICO model, aimed to assess the current knowledge on dentistry-based bioceramic materials by exploring to what extent they express bioactive properties in in vitro assays and animal studies when exposed to dental pulp stem cells, as opposed to a control or compared to different bioceramic material compositions, for their use in the dentin-pulp complex therapy. A systematic search of the literature was performed in six databases, followed by article selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Studies assessing bioactivity of one or more bioceramic materials (both commercially available or novel/experimental) towards dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were included in our review. A total of 37 articles were included in our qualitative review. Quantification of osteogenic, odontogenic and angiogenic markers using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the prevailing method used to evaluate bioceramic material bioactivity towards DPSCs in the current investigative state, followed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity assays and Alizarin Red Staining (ARS) to assess mineralization potential. Mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine are the prevalent reference materials used to compare with newly introduced bioceramic materials. Available literature compares a wide range of bioceramic materials for bioactivity, consisting mostly of in vitro assays. The desirability of this property added to the rapid introduction of new material compositions makes this subject a clear candidate for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Sanz
- Department of Stomatology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Carmen Llena
- Department of Stomatology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca (Valencia), Spain.
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences at King's College London, Floor 17 Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Leopoldo Forner
- Department of Stomatology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Kargozar S, Mozafari M, Hamzehlou S, Brouki Milan P, Kim H, Baino F. Bone Tissue Engineering Using Human Cells: A Comprehensive Review on Recent Trends, Current Prospects, and Recommendations. Applied Sciences 2019; 9:174. [DOI: 10.3390/app9010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of proper cells for bone tissue engineering remains a major challenge worldwide. Cells play a pivotal role in the repair and regeneration of the bone tissue in vitro and in vivo. Currently, a large number of differentiated (somatic) and undifferentiated (stem) cells have been used for bone reconstruction alone or in combination with different biomaterials and constructs (e.g., scaffolds). Although the results of the cell transplantation without any supporting or adjuvant material have been very effective with regard to bone healing. Recent advances in bone scaffolding are now becoming new players affecting the osteogenic potential of cells. In the present study, we have critically reviewed all the currently used cell sources for bone reconstruction and discussed the new horizons that are opening up in the context of cell-based bone tissue engineering strategies.
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23
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Gao L, Li SL, Li YK. Liraglutide Promotes the Osteogenic Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells via Regulating the Expression of Smad2/3 Through PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathways. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:1031-1043. [PMID: 30403540 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shi-Lun Li
- Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yu-Kun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Sancilio S, Gallorini M, Di Nisio C, Marsich E, Di Pietro R, Schweikl H, Cataldi A. Alginate/Hydroxyapatite-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Improve Dental Pulp Biomineralization and Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9643721. [PMID: 30154869 PMCID: PMC6098856 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9643721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is widely recognized as a promising approach for bone repair and reconstruction. Several attempts have been made to achieve materials that must be compatible, osteoconductive, and osteointegrative and have mechanical strength to provide a structural support. Composite scaffolds consisting in biodegradable natural polymers are very promising constructs. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can support alginate as inorganic reinforcement and osteoconductive component of alginate/HAp composite scaffolds. Therefore, HAp-strengthened polymer biocomposites offer a solid system to engineer synthetic bone substitutes. In the present work, HAp was incorporated into an alginate solution and internal gelling was induced by addition of slowly acid-hydrolyzing D-gluconic acid delta-lactone for the direct release of calcium ions from HAp. It has been previously demonstrated that alginate-based composites efficiently support adhesion of cancer bone cell lines. Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) identified in human dental pulp are clonogenic cells capable of differentiating in multiple lineage. Thus, this study is aimed at verifying the mineralization and differentiation potential of human DPSCs seeded onto scaffolds based on alginate and nano-hydroxyapatite. For this purpose, gene expression profile of early and late mineralization-related markers, extracellular matrix components, viability parameters, and oxidative stress occurrence were evaluated and analyzed. In summary, our data show that DPSCs express osteogenic differentiation-related markers and promote calcium deposition and biomineralization when growing onto Alg/HAp scaffolds. These findings confirm the use of Alg/HAp scaffolds as feasible composite materials in tissue engineering, being capable of promoting a specific and successful tissue regeneration as well as mineralized matrix deposition and sustaining natural bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sancilio
- 1Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- 2Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- 3Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Chiara Di Nisio
- 1Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Marsich
- 4Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Pietro
- 5Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Helmut Schweikl
- 3Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Amelia Cataldi
- 1Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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