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Gong J, Kim DM, Freeman MR, Kim H, Ellis L, Smith B, Theodorescu D, Posadas E, Figlin R, Bhowmick N, Freedland SJ. Genetic and biological drivers of prostate cancer disparities in Black men. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:274-289. [PMID: 37964070 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00828-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Black men with prostate cancer have historically had worse outcomes than white men with prostate cancer. The causes of this disparity in outcomes are multi-factorial, but a potential basis is that prostate cancers in Black men are biologically distinct from prostate cancers in white men. Evidence suggests that genetic and ancestral factors, molecular pathways involving androgen and non-androgen receptor signalling, inflammation, epigenetics, the tumour microenvironment and tumour metabolism are contributing factors to the racial disparities observed. Key genetic and molecular pathways linked to prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness have potential clinical relevance. Describing biological drivers of prostate cancer disparities could inform efforts to improve outcomes for Black men with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gong
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Daniel M Kim
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael R Freeman
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hyung Kim
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bethany Smith
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edwin Posadas
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Figlin
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neil Bhowmick
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Section of Urology, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Skhoun H, Khattab M, Belkhayat A, Takki Chebihi Z, Bakri Y, Dakka N, El Baghdadi J. Association of TP53 gene polymorphisms with the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Moroccan children. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8291-8300. [PMID: 35705773 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TP53 gene plays a pivotal role in maintaining genetic stability and prevention of malignancies. Alterations of this gene are implicated in more than half of human cancers. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to explore TP53 polymorphisms in Moroccan childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). METHODS AND RESULTS DNA samples of 45 ALL children were obtained from peripheral blood. A total of 333 healthy Moroccans were used as controls. Polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing were performed to analyze TP53 hotspot exons in cases. We identified a significant protective effect of the TP53-Arg variant at rs1042522 [OR 0.4593 (0.249-0.8472), p = 0.0127] and the Pro/Arg genotype [OR 0.0350 (0.0047-0.2583), p = 0.0010]. Additionally, we found a novel association between the C-allele of Arg213Arg 1800372 [OR 2.7736 (1.3821-5.5664), p = 0.0041] and the risk of childhood ALL. Importantly, TC/CC genotypes of this polymorphism were revealed to enhance the risk of ALL among females [OR 9.0 (3.1555-25.6693), p < 0.0001]. Arg213Arg was also noticed to be associated with the hemoglobin count of patients at diagnosis by linear regression (p = 0.0318). The analysis of penetrance showed a significant association of the CG/GG genotypes at rs1042522 and TC/CC genotypes at rs1800372 to childhood ALL via dominant model [OR 0.2090 (0.09074-0.4814), p = 0.0002 and OR 3.4205 (1.6084-7.2742), p = 0.0014 for rs1042522 and rs1800372 respectively]. No association was found between TP53 polymorphisms and patients survival. CONCLUSION Altogether, our findings indicated that TP53 polymorphisms are significantly involved in the genetic susceptibility to childhood ALL in Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Skhoun
- Genetics Unit, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.,Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Khattab
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Center, Children's Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | | | - Youssef Bakri
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nadia Dakka
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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Intronic TP53 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Increased Δ133TP53 Transcript, Immune Infiltration and Cancer Risk. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092472. [PMID: 32882831 PMCID: PMC7563340 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the influence of selected TP53 SNPs in exon 4 and intron 4 on cancer risk, clinicopathological features and expression of TP53 isoforms. The intron 4 SNPs were significantly over-represented in cohorts of mixed cancers compared to three ethnically matched controls, suggesting they confer increased cancer risk. Further analysis showed that heterozygosity at rs1042522(GC) and either of the two intronic SNPs rs9895829(TC) and rs2909430(AG) confer a 2.34-5.35-fold greater risk of developing cancer. These SNP combinations were found to be associated with shorter patient survival for glioblastoma and prostate cancer. Additionally, these SNPs were associated with tumor-promoting inflammation as evidenced by high levels of infiltrating immune cells and expression of the Δ133TP53 and TP53β transcripts. We propose that these SNP combinations allow increased expression of the Δ133p53 isoforms to promote the recruitment of immune cells that create an immunosuppressive environment leading to cancer progression.
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Drozdz-Afelt JM, Koim-Puchowska B, Klosowski G, Kaminski P. Polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase in the population of Polish patients with carcinoma of the prostate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:19375-19382. [PMID: 32212077 PMCID: PMC7244614 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was frequency analysis of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase in the group of patients with prostate cancer and in a control group of healthy individuals. Genomic DNA was isolated; molecular analysis of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T2 polymorphisms was performed using multiplex PCR and RFLP methods. The products of the PCR reaction were then visualized in agarose gel, and a statistical analysis of the results was performed. No statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms between 66 patients with prostate cancer and the control group (64 healthy volunteers). The GSTM1 gene deletion was found in ca. 47% of patients with prostate cancer and in ca. 55% of the controls. The GSTT1 deletion was found in approximately 17% of patients and 14% of the controls. The distribution of GSTP1 Ile/Ile, Ile/Val, and Val/Val polymorphisms was ca. 51.5%, 39%, and 9% in the group of patients and 61%, 34%, and 5% in the control group, respectively. The results indicate that there is no relationship between glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms and prostate cancer in the study group, which is a novelty when compared with the previous work on the role of these genetic variants in the etiology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Drozdz-Afelt
- Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Księcia Józefa Poniatowskiego St.12, PL, 85-671, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Beata Koim-Puchowska
- Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Księcia Józefa Poniatowskiego St.12, PL, 85-671, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Klosowski
- Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Księcia Józefa Poniatowskiego St.12, PL, 85-671, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Kaminski
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszczy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Curie Skłodowskiej St.9, PL, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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5
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Han PZ, Cao DH, Zhang XL, Ren ZJ, Wei Q. Association between TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism and prostate cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16135. [PMID: 31232967 PMCID: PMC6636943 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TP53 gene polymorphism could increase risks of several kinds of cancer. But it remained controversial whether TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism was associated with the susceptibility to prostate cancer. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis that evaluated the association between TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism and prostate cancer risk. METHOD A comprehensive research was performed from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to December 31, 2018. A random effect model was used to evaluate the effect of the outcome. The statistical analyses were performed with Review Manager 5.3.0 and Stata 14.0. The sensitivity analysis and publication bias tests were also performed to confirm the reliability of this meta-analysis. RESULTS 22 studies included 3146 cases and 4010 controls were involved in this meta-analysis. Overall, no association was observed between TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism and prostate cancer risk (Arg vs Pro: odds ratio [OR] = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98-1.30; ArgArg vs ProPro: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.90-1.75; ProPro vs ArgArg+ ArgPro: OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.86-1.57; ArgPro+ ProPro vs ArgArg: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.97-1.51). Subgroup analyses, based on ethnicity, source of control and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) status, showed consistent results. CONCLUSION The meta-analysis we performed showed that there was no association of TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism with prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - De-Hong Cao
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology
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Wallace TJ, Qian J, Avital I, Bay C, Man YG, Wellman LL, Moskaluk C, Troyer D, Ramnani D, Stojadinovic A. Technical Feasibility of Tissue Microarray (TMA) Analysis of Tumor-Associated Immune Response in Prostate Cancer. J Cancer 2018; 9:2191-2202. [PMID: 29937939 PMCID: PMC6010688 DOI: 10.7150/jca.22846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The androgen receptor (AR) regulates immune-related epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis. Primary tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) [CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ TILs] are potential prognostic indicators in PCa, and variations may contribute to racial disparities in tumor biology and PCa outcomes. Aim: To assess the technical feasibility of tumor microarray (TMA)-based methods to perform multi-marker TIL profiling in primary resected PCa. Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue cores of histopathologically-confirmed primary PCa (n = 40; 1 TMA tissue specimen loss) were arrayed in triplicate on TMAs. Expression profiles of AR, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ TILs in normal prostate, and the center and periphery of both the tumor-dominant nodule and highest Gleason grade were detected by IHC and associated with clinical and pathological data using standard statistical methodology. An independent pathologist, blinded to the clinical data, scored all samples (percent and intensity of positive cells). Results: TMAs were constructed from 21 (53.8%) Black and 18 (46.2%) White males with completely-resected, primarily pT2 stage PCa [pT2a (n = 3; 7.7%); pT2b (n = 2; 5.1%); pT2c (n = 27; 69.2%); pT3a (n = 5; 12.8%); mean pre-op PSA = 8.17 ng/ml]. The CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD8/CD3 cellular protein expression differed from normal in the periphery of the dominant nodule, the center of the highest Gleason grade, and the periphery of the highest Gleason grade (P < 0.05). Correlations between TIL expression in the center and periphery of the dominant nodule, with corresponding center and periphery of the highest Gleason grade, respectively, were robust, and the magnitude of these correlations differed markedly by race (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Multi-marker (AR, CD3, CD4, CD8) profiling with IHC analysis of TMAs consisting of primary, non-metastatic resected prostate cancer is technically feasible in this pilot study. Future studies will evaluate primary tumor immunoscore using semi-quantitative, IHC-based methodology to assess differences in the spectrum, quantity, and/or localization of TILs, and to gain insights into racial disparities in PCa tumor biology and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junqi Qian
- Virginia Urology, Richmond, Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Itzhak Avital
- Soroka University Center for Advanced Cancer Care, Ber Sheva, Israel
| | - Curt Bay
- A.T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Yan-Gao Man
- National Medical Centre of Colorectal Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Nanjing, China
| | | | - Chris Moskaluk
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Dean Troyer
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, U.S.A
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Xue L, Han X, Liu R, Wang Z, Li H, Chen Q, Zhang P, Wang Z, Chong T. MDM2 and P53 polymorphisms contribute together to the risk and survival of prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31825-31. [PMID: 26025918 PMCID: PMC5077979 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 gene and MDM2 gene play critical roles in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis together. Here, we evaluated the associations of prostate cancer risk and survival with the joint effects of mdm2 and p53 polymorphisms. Totally 1,193 cases and 1,310 age frequency-matched controls were included in the study. Prostate cancer patients were followed to determine the intervals of overall survival and disease-free survival. The Pro72Arg Pro allele (homozygous and heterozygous) were significantly associated with prostate cancer risk with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.77 [95% confidence interval(CI), 0.64-0.93]. SNP309 T alleles were associated with a significantly decreased prostate cancer risk among Pro72Arg Pro alleles carriers (OR=0.79, 95% CI, 0.64-0.98). In addition, comparedwith the Pro72Arg Pro alleles and SNP309 G homozygous, patients carrying both SNP309 T alleles and Pro72Arg Arg homozygous had more favorable disease-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.59, 95% CI, 0.38-0.93). Our results indicated that SNP309 and Pro72Arg polymorphisms may jointly contributeto the etiology and prognosis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Xiujuan Han
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Research Laboratory for Cancer, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Tie Chong
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
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Mahajan AS, Sugita BM, Duttargi AN, Saenz F, Krawczyk E, McCutcheon JN, Fonseca AS, Kallakury B, Pohlmann P, Gusev Y, Cavalli LR. Genomic comparison of early-passage conditionally reprogrammed breast cancer cells to their corresponding primary tumors. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186190. [PMID: 29049316 PMCID: PMC5648156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Conditionally reprogrammed cells (CRCs) are epithelial cells that are directly isolated from patients' specimens and propagated in vitro with feeder cells and a Rho kinase inhibitor. A number of these cells have been generated from biopsies of breast cancer patients, including ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinomas. The characterization of their genomic signatures is essential to determine their ability to reflect the natural biology of their tumors of origin. In this study, we performed the genomic characterization of six newly established invasive breast cancer CRC cultures in comparison to the original patients' primary breast tumors (PBT) from which they derived. The CRCs and corresponding PBTs were simultaneously profiled by genome-wide array-CGH, targeted next generation sequencing and global miRNA expression to determine their molecular similarities in the patterns of copy number alterations (CNAs), gene mutations and miRNA expression levels, respectively. The CRCs' epithelial cells content and ploidy levels were also evaluated by flow cytometry. A similar level of CNAs was observed in the pairs of CRCs/PBTs analyzed by array-CGH, with >95% of overlap for the most frequently affected cytobands. Consistently, targeted next generation sequencing analysis showed the retention of specific somatic variants in the CRCs as present in their original PBTs. Global miRNA profiling closely clustered the CRCs with their PBTs (Pearson Correlation, ANOVA paired test, P<0.05), indicating also similarity at the miRNA expression level; the retention of tumor-specific alterations in a subset of miRNAs in the CRCs was further confirmed by qRT-PCR. These data demonstrated that the human breast cancer CRCs of this study maintained at early passages the overall copy number, gene mutations and miRNA expression patterns of their original tumors. The further characterization of these cells by other molecular and cellular phenotypes at late cell passages, are required to further expand their use as a unique and representative ex-vivo tumor model for basic science and translational breast cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha S. Mahajan
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Bruna M. Sugita
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anju N. Duttargi
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Francisco Saenz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Ewa Krawczyk
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Justine N. McCutcheon
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Aline S. Fonseca
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Paula Pohlmann
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Yuriy Gusev
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Luciane R. Cavalli
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Association between the rs1042522 polymorphism in TP53 and prostate cancer risk: An updated meta-analysis. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2017; 3:95-104. [PMID: 29063062 PMCID: PMC5627694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The proposal of the present study was to investigate whether the TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism confers susceptibility to prostate cancer (PCa), by performing an updated meta-analysis. Methods Eligible publications investigating the association between the TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism and PCa susceptibility were selected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. We used STATA 12.0 software to conduct the analyses. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. Results A total of 17 case–control studies were retrieved reporting a total of 2683 cases and 2981 controls. However, no significant association was uncovered between the TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism and PCa susceptibility in the overall population under the five genetic models. In the stratification analysis by source of control, an increased susceptibility to PCa was identified in the population-based (P-B) group (CG vs. GG: OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.24–1.77, P < 0.01; CC/CG vs. GG: OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12–1.57, P < 0.01), whereas a decreased susceptibility was uncovered in the hospital-based (H-B) group (CG vs. GG: OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46–0.96, P = 0.03; CC/CG vs. GG: OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46–0.99, P = 0.04) under heterozygous and dominant model. Conclusion This study did not find an association between the TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism and PCa susceptibility in the overall population and corresponding subgroup analyses except in the stratification analysis by source of control. The results suggest that the TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism is not a risk factor for PCa.
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Khan MH, Rashid H, Mansoor Q, Hameed A, Ismail M. Association of the rs1042522 polymorphism with increased risk of prostate adenocarcinoma in the Pakistani population and its HuGE review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 15:3973-80. [PMID: 24935583 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.9.3973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate adenocarcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer related mortality in men but still limited knowledge is available about its associated functional SNPs including rs1042522 (Pro72Arg). The present study was undertaken to explore the association of this SNP with susceptibility to prostate adenocarcinoma along with its structural and functional impacts in the Pakistani population in a case-control study. Three-dimensional structure of human TP53 with Pro72Arg polymorphism was predicted through homology modeling, refined and validated for detailed structure-based assessment. We also carried out a HuGE review of the previous available data for this polymorphism. Different genetic models were used to evaluate the genotypes association with the increased risk of PCa (Allelic contrast: OR=0.0.34, 95%CI 0.24-0.50, p=0.000; GG vs CC: OR=0.17, 95%CI 0.08-0.38, p=0.000; Homozygous: OR=0.08, 95%CI 0.04-0.15, p=0.000; GC vs CC: OR=2.14, 95%CI 1.01-4.51, p=0.046; Recessive model: OR=0.10, 95%CI 0.05-0.18, p=0.000; Log Additive: OR=3.54, 95%CI 2.13-5.89, p=0.000) except the Dominant model (OR=0.77, 95%CI 0.39-1.52, p=0.46). Structure and functional analysis revealed that the SNP in the proline rich domain is responsible for interaction with HRMT1L2 and WWOX. In conclusion, it was observed that the Arg coding G allele is highly associated with increased risk of prostate adenocarcinoma in the Pakistani population (p=0.000).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Haroon Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Islamabad, Pakistan E-mail :
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Sivoňová MK, Vilčková M, Kliment J, Mahmood S, Jurečeková J, Dušenková S, Waczulíková I, Slezák P, Dobrota D. Association of p53 and p21 polymorphisms with prostate cancer. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:707-714. [PMID: 26405550 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle deregulation is common in human cancer. Alterations of the tumor-suppressor gene p53 and its downstream effector p21 have been indicated in the development of numerous human malignancies. Therefore, we hypothesize that the p53 codon 72 polymorphism, either on its own or in combination with p21 (C98A and C70T) polymorphisms, modifies the risk of prostate cancer within the Slovak population, and no previous studies have investigated these gene-gene interactions in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer in the Slovak population. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to determine the p53 and p21 genotypes in subjects comprising 300 prostate cancer patients and 446 healthy individuals. These 3 polymorphisms individually did not correlate with the prostate cancer risk. Conversely, the interaction between the p53 and p21 polymorphisms significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.86; P<0.05] for subjects carrying the p53 codon 72 arginine (Arg)/proline (Pro)+Pro/Pro and p21 C98A CA genotypes compared to the combined reference genotypes p53 codon 72 Arg/Arg and p21 C98A CC. Neither the p53 genotypes nor the p21 genotypes showed statistically significant differences in Gleason score or serum prostate-specific antigen levels (P>0.05). A decreased risk of prostate cancer association with the p21 C98A CA genotype (OR=0.58; 95% CI, 0.36-0.93; P<0.05) in non-smokers compared to the non-smokers with the p21 C98A CC genotype was observed. Smokers carrying the p53 codon 72 Pro/Pro genotype were not at any significant risk of prostate cancer (OR=2.97; 95% CI, 0.51-17.15) compared to the non-smokers with the Arg/Arg genotype. Taken together, to the best of our knowledge this is the first study to show that a combination of the variant genotypes of p53 codon 72 and p21 C98A may modify the prostate cancer risk within the Slovak population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kmeťová Sivoňová
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Vilčková
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Kliment
- Department of Urology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and UHM, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Silvia Mahmood
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Jurečeková
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Svetlana Dušenková
- Department of Urology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and UHM, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Iveta Waczulíková
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Division of Biomedical Physics, Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Slezák
- Institute of Simulation and Virtual Medical Education, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Dušan Dobrota
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic
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12
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Evaluation of the p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and its association with cancer risk: a HuGE review and meta-analysis. Genet Res (Camb) 2015; 97:e7. [PMID: 25882871 DOI: 10.1017/s0016672315000075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Codon 72 is a hotspot of polymorphisms in the TP53 gene, which encodes a hub protein in the protein-protein interaction network of p53. It is thus a central player in the apoptotic pathway, preventing cancer. A large number of articles have been published exploring its association with an increased susceptibility to most common cancers. However, these studies have produced inconclusive results, which may be due to their small sample sizes or study designs. To comprehensively evaluate the potential correlation between the TP53 Pro72Arg polymorphism and cancer risk and to better characterize the Pro72Arg polymorphism, we performed a systematic HuGE review and meta-analysis of candidate studies through online resources, according to the proposal of MOOSE and the PRISMA statement. The identified articles were carefully examined according to the inclusion criteria. Pooled odds ratios were calculated on the basis of different genetic models, while heterogeneity was assessed through a chi-based Q-test and I2. After applying the inclusion filters, we obtained a pool of 54 eligible studies, representing 18 718 cases and 21 261 controls. Overall, non-significant cancer risk was observed in all the genetic models but their observed heterogeneity was extremely significant. In subgroup analysis, an increased susceptibility was observed in the case of colorectal cancer, while in cancers of the female reproductive system, significantly increased risk was detected in all the genetic models except the dominant model. In another subgroup analysis, significantly increased cancer risk was observed among Asians in homozygous and recessive models, while in Americans increased cancer risk was observed only in dominant and recessive models. No association was observed in the rest of the populations. In conclusion, pooled subgroup analysis on the basis of ethnicity proved that the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of cancer in Asians and Americans only and is not associated in other populations. It can therefore be concluded that this meta-analysis of available data suggests partial confirmation of the association between the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and cancer risk susceptibility.
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13
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Gai PP, Meese S, Bedu-Addo G, Gahutu JB, Mockenhaupt FP. No association of the p53 codon 72 polymorphism with malaria in Ghanaian primiparae and Rwandan children. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 90:1133-4. [PMID: 24710610 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 protein is a key cell-signaling mediator integrating host responses to various types of stress. A common polymorphism of the encoding TP53 gene (codon 72, Pro > Arg, rs1042522) is associated with susceptibility to virus-related and other cancers. The p53 has also been shown to be central for successful Plasmodium liver stage infection. We examined whether the polymorphism is associated with P. falciparum infection in Ghanaian primiparae and Rwandan children. The allele frequency of TP53 codon 72 Arg was 0.30 among 314 Ghanaian primiparae and 0.31 among 545 Rwandan children, respectively, and it was not associated with infection prevalence or parasite density. This does not exclude p53 to be of pathophysiological relevance in malaria but argues against a major respective role of the TP53 codon 72 polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhanjan P Gai
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Medicine, Komfo Anoyke Teaching Hospital, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; University Teaching Hospital of Butare, School of Medicine, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda
| | - Stefanie Meese
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Medicine, Komfo Anoyke Teaching Hospital, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; University Teaching Hospital of Butare, School of Medicine, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda
| | - George Bedu-Addo
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Medicine, Komfo Anoyke Teaching Hospital, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; University Teaching Hospital of Butare, School of Medicine, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda
| | - Jean Bosco Gahutu
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Medicine, Komfo Anoyke Teaching Hospital, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; University Teaching Hospital of Butare, School of Medicine, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda
| | - Frank P Mockenhaupt
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Medicine, Komfo Anoyke Teaching Hospital, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; University Teaching Hospital of Butare, School of Medicine, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda
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14
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Association of p53 codon 72 polymorphism with prostate cancer: an update meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:3997-4005. [PMID: 24488627 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have been conducted to explore the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and prostate cancer (PCa). However, the results remain inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a large meta-analysis of relevant studies to determine a more precise estimation of this relationship. Systematic searches of the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to October 2013 were performed. Fixed or random-effects meta-analytical models were used to calculate the summary odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Meta-regression, Galbraith plots, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis were also performed. The study included 17 case-control studies involving 2,371 PCa cases and 2,854 controls. Our results showed that the p53 codon 72 polymorphism was not associated with PCa risk in all genetic models in the overall populations. When limiting the meta-analysis to the studies conforming to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the pooled analyses showed a significant association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and PCa in a Caucasian population in co-dominant model Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.08-2.28, P = 0.017) and recessive model Pro/Pro vs. (Arg/Pro + Arg/Arg) (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.12-2.27, P = 0.009). In subgroup analysis stratified by PCa stages and Gleason grades, a slight but significant association was found when advanced PCa was compared with localized PCa only in recessive model Pro/Pro vs. (Arg/Pro + Arg/Arg) (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.02-2.23, P = 0.039). This meta-analysis suggested that the Pro/Pro genotype of p53 codon 72 polymorphism was associated with increased prostate cancer risk, especially among Caucasians.
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15
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Kinseth MA, Jia Z, Rahmatpanah F, Sawyers A, Sutton M, Wang-Rodriguez J, Mercola D, McGuire KL. Expression differences between African American and Caucasian prostate cancer tissue reveals that stroma is the site of aggressive changes. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:81-91. [PMID: 23754304 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In prostate cancer, race/ethnicity is the highest risk factor after adjusting for age. African Americans have more aggressive tumors at every clinical stage of the disease, resulting in poorer prognosis and increased mortality. A major barrier to identifying crucial gene activity differences is heterogeneity, including tissue composition variation intrinsic to the histology of prostate cancer. We hypothesized that differences in gene expression in specific tissue types would reveal mechanisms involved in the racial disparities of prostate cancer. We examined 17 pairs of arrays for AAs and Caucasians that were formed by closely matching the samples based on the known tissue type composition of the tumors. Using pair-wise t-test we found significantly altered gene expression between AAs and CAs. Independently, we performed multiple linear regression analyses to associate gene expression with race considering variation in percent tumor and stroma tissue. The majority of differentially expressed genes were associated with tumor-adjacent stroma rather than tumor tissue. Extracellular matrix, integrin family and signaling mediators of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways were all downregulated in stroma of AAs. Using MetaCore (GeneGo) analysis, we observed that 35% of significant (p < 10(-3)) pathways identified EMT and 25% identified immune response pathways especially for interleukins-2, -4, -5, -6, -7, -10, -13, -15 and -22 as the major changes. Our studies reveal that altered immune and EMT processes in tumor-adjacent stroma may be responsible for the aggressive nature of prostate cancer in AAs.
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Zhang L, Shao N, Yu Q, Hua L, Mi Y, Feng N. Association between p53 Pro72Arg polymorphism and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis. J Biomed Res 2013; 25:25-32. [PMID: 23554668 PMCID: PMC3596673 DOI: 10.1016/s1674-8301(11)60003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor gene p53 appears to be important in the development of many human cancers, such as prostate cancer. The association of p53 codon72 polymorphism with prostate cancer has been widely reported; however, the results are inconsistent. To derive a more precise estimation of this relationship, we performed an updated meta-analysis from 10 case-control studies. We conducted a search in the PubMed database without a language limitation, covering all papers published until July 2010. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association. Ten studies including 1,196 cases and 1,704 controls were selected. Overall, no significant differences of total prostate cancer risk and p53 codon polymorphism was found (Pro/Pro vs Arg/Arg, RR = 1.12, 95%CI=0.74-1.70, Pheterogeneity = 0.016, I2 = 55.8%; Pro/Pro+Pro/Arg vs Arg/Arg, RR = 1.05, 95%CI=1.00-1.11, Pheterogeneity = 0.077, I2 = 51.1%). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, the same results were found. However, in the control subgroup, there was a modest decreased association between prostate cancer risk and population-based control subjects under the recessive genetic model (RR = 0.31, 95%CI=0.10-0.91, Pheterogeneity = 0.110, I2 =60.8%). This meta-analysis suggested that p53 codon Pro72Arg polymorphism could be weakly associated with prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China;
| | - Ning Shao
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China;
| | - Qianqian Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China.
| | - Lixin Hua
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China;
| | - Yuanyuan Mi
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China;
- *Corresponding author: Yuanyuan Mi, M.D., Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China. Tel: 86-25-83718836. E-mail address: ; Ninghan Feng, M.D., Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China. Tel: 86-25-83718836. E-mail address:
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China;
- *Corresponding author: Yuanyuan Mi, M.D., Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China. Tel: 86-25-83718836. E-mail address: ; Ninghan Feng, M.D., Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China. Tel: 86-25-83718836. E-mail address:
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Mosoyan G, Nagi C, Marukian S, Teixeira A, Simonian A, Resnick-Silverman L, DiFeo A, Johnston D, Reynolds SR, Roses DF, Mosoian A. Multiple breast cancer cell-lines derived from a single tumor differ in their molecular characteristics and tumorigenic potential. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55145. [PMID: 23372829 PMCID: PMC3555897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer cell lines are widely used tools to investigate breast cancer biology and to develop new therapies. Breast cancer tissue contains molecularly heterogeneous cell populations. Thus, it is important to understand which cell lines best represent the primary tumor and have similarly diverse phenotype. Here, we describe the development of five breast cancer cell lines from a single patient's breast cancer tissue. We characterize the molecular profiles, tumorigenicity and metastatic ability in vivo of all five cell lines and compare their responsiveness to 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) treatment. METHODS Five breast cancer cell lines were derived from a single patient's primary breast cancer tissue. Expression of different antigens including HER2, estrogen receptor (ER), CK8/18, CD44 and CD24 was determined by flow cytometry, western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In addition, a Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) assay for HER2 gene amplification and p53 genotyping was performed on all cell lines. A xenograft model in nude mice was utilized to assess the tumorigenic and metastatic abilities of the breast cancer cells. RESULTS We have isolated, cloned and established five new breast cancer cell lines with different tumorigenicity and metastatic abilities from a single primary breast cancer. Although all the cell lines expressed low levels of ER, their growth was estrogen-independent and all had high-levels of expression of mutated non-functional p53. The HER2 gene was rearranged in all cell lines. Low doses of 4-OHT induced proliferation of these breast cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS All five breast cancer cell lines have different antigenic expression profiles, tumorigenicity and organ specific metastatic abilities although they derive from a single tumor. None of the studied markers correlated with tumorigenic potential. These new cell lines could serve as a model for detailed genomic and proteomic analyses to identify mechanisms of organ-specific metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goar Mosoyan
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Chandandeep Nagi
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Avelino Teixeira
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Anait Simonian
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lois Resnick-Silverman
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Analisa DiFeo
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dean Johnston
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hunter College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Sandra R. Reynolds
- Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Daniel F. Roses
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Arevik Mosoian
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mi YY, Zhu LJ, You XM, Wu S. Clarification of data for a meta-analysis: p53 codon 72 polymorphism and prostate cancer risk. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:1958-9. [PMID: 22869551 DOI: 10.4238/2012.july.19.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lavender NA, Rogers EN, Yeyeodu S, Rudd J, Hu T, Zhang J, Brock GN, Kimbro KS, Moore JH, Hein DW, Kidd LCR. Interaction among apoptosis-associated sequence variants and joint effects on aggressive prostate cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2012; 5:11. [PMID: 22546513 PMCID: PMC3355002 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-5-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Molecular and epidemiological evidence demonstrate that altered gene expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the apoptotic pathway are linked to many cancers. Yet, few studies emphasize the interaction of variant apoptotic genes and their joint modifying effects on prostate cancer (PCA) outcomes. An exhaustive assessment of all the possible two-, three- and four-way gene-gene interactions is computationally burdensome. This statistical conundrum stems from the prohibitive amount of data needed to account for multiple hypothesis testing. Methods To address this issue, we systematically prioritized and evaluated individual effects and complex interactions among 172 apoptotic SNPs in relation to PCA risk and aggressive disease (i.e., Gleason score ≥ 7 and tumor stages III/IV). Single and joint modifying effects on PCA outcomes among European-American men were analyzed using statistical epistasis networks coupled with multi-factor dimensionality reduction (SEN-guided MDR). The case-control study design included 1,175 incident PCA cases and 1,111 controls from the prostate, lung, colo-rectal, and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial. Moreover, a subset analysis of PCA cases consisted of 688 aggressive and 488 non-aggressive PCA cases. SNP profiles were obtained using the NCI Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS) data portal. Main effects were assessed using logistic regression (LR) models. Prior to modeling interactions, SEN was used to pre-process our genetic data. SEN used network science to reduce our analysis from > 36 million to < 13,000 SNP interactions. Interactions were visualized, evaluated, and validated using entropy-based MDR. All parametric and non-parametric models were adjusted for age, family history of PCA, and multiple hypothesis testing. Results Following LR modeling, eleven and thirteen sequence variants were associated with PCA risk and aggressive disease, respectively. However, none of these markers remained significant after we adjusted for multiple comparisons. Nevertheless, we detected a modest synergistic interaction between AKT3 rs2125230-PRKCQ rs571715 and disease aggressiveness using SEN-guided MDR (p = 0.011). Conclusions In summary, entropy-based SEN-guided MDR facilitated the logical prioritization and evaluation of apoptotic SNPs in relation to aggressive PCA. The suggestive interaction between AKT3-PRKCQ and aggressive PCA requires further validation using independent observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Lavender
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville-UofL, Louisville, KY, USA
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