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Pinto KP, Barbosa AFA, Silva EJNL, Santos APP, Sassone LM. What is the microbial profile in persistent endodontic infections? A scoping review. J Endod 2023:S0099-2399(23)00280-7. [PMID: 37211309 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This scoping review aimed to map the evidence about the microbiota found in persistent endodontic infections. METHODS The study protocol was prospectively registered and is available at https://osf.io/3g2cp. The electronic search was performed in MEDLINE via PubMed, Lilacs, BBO, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and EMBASE. The eligibility criteria were based on the PCC acronym, where P (Population): patients with teeth presenting persistent endodontic infection; C (Concept): microbial profile; and C (Context): undergoing endodontic retreatment. Clinical studies that evaluated the microbial profile of samples collected from root canals of teeth undergoing retreatment, using classical or molecular methods, were included. Studies that did not show a minimum period of one year between primary endodontic treatment and retreatment or did not radiographically evaluate the quality of primary root canal filling were excluded. Two reviewers independently selected the articles and collected data. RESULTS From a total of 957 articles, 161 were read in full and 32 studies were included. The most prevalent species were Enterococcus faecalis, Parvimonas micra, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Dialister invisus, Propionibacterium acnes, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola. Cases with symptomatology or inadequate root canal filling presented an increase in specific bacterial species compared to no symptomatology or adequate filling. A greater number of microorganisms was observed in teeth with inadequate coronal restoration compared to adequate restoration. CONCLUSION Persistent endodontic infections have a polymicrobial profile identified by the commonly used methods for bacterial detection/identification and are subject to the limitations present in each of those methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Pinto
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
| | - A F A Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
| | - E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro; Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A P P Santos
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - L M Sassone
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
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Pérez-Carrasco V, Uroz-Torres D, Soriano M, Solana C, Ruiz-Linares M, Garcia-Salcedo JA, Arias-Moliz MT. Microbiome in paired root apices and periapical lesions and its association with clinical signs in persistent apical periodontitis using next-generation sequencing. Int Endod J 2023; 56:622-636. [PMID: 36689323 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess and compare the microbiome of paired root apices and periapical lesions from cases with failed endodontic treatment and to associate the microbiome and bacterial metabolic pathways in both sites with asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP) and symptomatic apical periodontitis (SAP), using next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODOLOGY Matched root apices and periapical lesions of patients with failed root canal treatments were surgically extracted. Specimens were cryopulverized, bacterial DNA was extracted and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16 S rRNA gene were amplified and sequenced using the Illumina Miseq platform. Diversity and community composition were studied in the paired samples, as well as in AAP and SAP cases. Diversity indices were compared in each case by means of the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank and Mann-Whitney U tests. Differences in the community composition were explored with multivariate statistical analysis and Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe). Bacterial functional study was performed through the Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis. RESULTS Twenty-one paired apices and lesions were successfully sequenced and analysed, identifying a total of 21 phyla and 600 genera. A higher alpha-diversity was observed in the periapical lesions, although no global differences in the community composition between the two sites were found (p = .87), the most prevalent genera being Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas and Streptococcus. Prevotella, Clostridiales_vadinBB60_group, Bosea, Phreatobacter, Afipia and Xanthobacteriaceae_unclassified were enriched in SAP samples, while Pseudopropionibacterium, Campylobacter and Peptoniphilus were significantly more abundant in AAP cases (p < .05). Metabolic pathways involved in the amino acid metabolism or degradation and flagellum assembly were more abundant in SAP samples, whereas glucose metabolism-related pathways were associated with AAP. CONCLUSIONS The bacterial community composition was similar in the apices and periapical lesions. The microbiome was different in AAP and SAP samples, gram-negative bacteria showing higher relative abundances in SAP cases. An association was observed between amino acid degradation and flagellum assembly pathways, and the development of tenderness to percussion or palpation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Pérez-Carrasco
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,Microbiology Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - David Uroz-Torres
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Private Practice, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Soriano
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,Center for Research in Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Almería, Spain
| | - Carmen Solana
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Private Practice, Granada, Spain
| | - Matilde Ruiz-Linares
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Department of Stomatology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Garcia-Salcedo
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,Microbiology Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Arias-Moliz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Kluge M, Trüschler J, Elamin F, Anderson A, Hellwig E, Altenburger M, Vach K, Wittmer A, Al-Ahmad A. Improving the microbial sampling and analysis of secondary infected root canals by passive ultrasonic irrigation. Clin Oral Investig 2022. [PMID: 35218427 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The persistence of pathogenic microorganisms in root canals is the most common reason for the failure of root canal treatment and the necessity of a root filling treatment, which results in an uncertain prognosis due to technical complexity and the variety of highly adaptable microorganisms. This study evaluated the effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on the outcome of the microbial analysis of root canal-treated teeth with persistent or recurrent apical inflammation in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sample collection was performed after root filling removal (sample S1, control group) and after PUI with NaCl (sample S2) using sterile paper points. In total, 19 samples were obtained. Quantification was performed by means of serial dilution of the samples. Subcultivated pure cultures were identified using MALDI-TOF MS complemented by the Vitek-2-System or PCR, followed by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The results of the samples (S1 and S2) were evaluated regarding their bacterial count and composition. RESULTS The total count of bacteria and the number of aerobic/facultative anaerobic microorganisms significantly increased in the S2-samples after application of PUI. The number of obligate anaerobic microorganisms showed an increase after PUI, although it was not significant. We detected 12 different aerobic/facultative anaerobic microorganisms before PUI, and in 21 cases after PUI. Two different obligate anaerobic microorganisms were found in S1 samples compared to nine different species in S2 samples. CONCLUSIONS PUI is a powerful method for detaching bacteria in infected root canals and enables a more precise analysis of the etiology of persistent endodontic infections. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study indicates that PUI exerts a positive cleansing effect and adds to the accessibility of microorganisms during the application of bactericidal rinsing solution in root canal treatments.
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Alberti A, Corbella S, Taschieri S, Francetti L, Fakhruddin KS, Samaranayake LP. Fungal species in endodontic infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255003. [PMID: 34293029 PMCID: PMC8297845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections are common on oral mucosae, but their role in other oral sites is ill defined. Over the last few decades, numerous studies have reported the presence of fungi, particularly Candida species in endodontic infections, albeit in relatively small numbers in comparison to its predominant anaerobic bacteriome. Here, we review the fungal biome of primary and secondary endodontic infections, with particular reference to the prevalence and behavior of Candida species. Meta-analysis of the available data from a total of 39 studies fitting the inclusion criteria, indicate the overall weighted mean prevalence (WMP) of fungal species in endodontic infections to be 9.11% (from a cumulative total of 2003 samples), with 9.0% in primary (n = 1341), and 9.3% in secondary infections (n = 662). Nevertheless, WMP for fungi in primary and secondary infections which were 6.3% and 7.5% for culture-based studies, increased to 12.5% and 16.0% in molecular studies, respectively. The most prevalent fungal species was Candida spp. The high heterogeneity in the reported fungal prevalence suggests the need for standardized sampling, and speciation methods. The advent of the new molecular biological analytical platforms, such as the next generation sequencing (NGS), and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF), that enables identification and quantitation of a broad spectrum of hitherto unknown organisms in endodontic infections should radically alter our understanding of the endodontic mycobiome in the future. Candida spp. appear to be co-pathogens with bacteria in approximately one in ten patients with endodontic infections. Hence, clinicians should comprehend the importance and the role of fungi in endodontic infections and be cognizant of the need to eradicate both bacteria and fungi for successful therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Alberti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Stefano Corbella
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Silvio Taschieri
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Luca Francetti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lakshman Perera Samaranayake
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
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Signor B, Blomberg LC, Kopper PMP, Augustin PAN, Rauber MV, Rodrigues GS, Scarparo RK. Root canal retreatment: a retrospective investigation using regression and data mining methods for the prediction of technical quality and periapical healing. J Appl Oral Sci 2021; 29:e20200799. [PMID: 33886941 PMCID: PMC8075292 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate patterns and risk factors related to the feasibility of achieving technical quality and periapical healing in root canal non-surgical retreatment, using regression and data mining methods. Methodology This retrospective observational study included 321 consecutive patients presenting for root canal retreatment. Patients were treated by graduate students, following standard protocols. Data on medical history, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up visits variables were collected from physical records and periapical radiographs and transferred to an electronic chart database. Basic statistics were tabulated, and univariate and multivariate analytical methods were used to identify risk factors for technical quality and periapical healing. Decision trees were generated to predict technical quality and periapical healing patterns using the J48 algorithm in the Weka software. Results Technical outcome was satisfactory in 65.20%, and we observed periapical healing in 80.50% of the cases. Several factors were related to technical quality, including severity of root curvature and altered root canal morphology (p<0.05). Follow-up periods had a mean of 4.05 years. Periapical lesion area, tooth type, and apical resorption proved to be significantly associated with retreatment failure (p<0.05). Data mining analysis suggested that apical root resorption might prevent satisfactory technical outcomes even in teeth with straight root canals. Also, large periapical lesions and poor root filling quality in primary endodontic treatment might be related to healing failure. Conclusion Frequent patterns and factors affecting technical outcomes of endodontic retreatment included root canal morphological features and its alterations resulting from primary endodontic treatment. Healing outcomes were mainly associated with the extent of apical periodontitis pathological damages in dental and periapical tissues. To determine treatment predictability, we suggest patterns including clinical and radiographic features of apical periodontitis and technical quality of primary endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Signor
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Luciano Costa Blomberg
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UCFSPA), Porto Alegre, Escola de Informática Biomédica, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Maria Poli Kopper
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | | | - Marcos Vinicius Rauber
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Guilherme Scopel Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Roberta Kochenborger Scarparo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Porto Alegre, Brasil
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6
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Al-Sakati H, Kowollik S, Gabris S, Balasiu A, Ommerborn M, Pfeffer K, Henrich B, Raab WHM. The benefit of culture-independent methods to detect bacteria and fungi in re-infected root filled teeth: a pilot study. Int Endod J 2020; 54:74-84. [PMID: 32894604 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify dominant microorganisms in root filled teeth with apical periodontitis by Pan-PCRs in comparison with a culture-dependent approach, focusing on fungal species profiling. METHODOLOGY The root filling material (gutta-percha) removed from 42 teeth with periapical radiolucencies undergoing root canal retreatments was analysed by molecular genetics techniques. Real-Time Pan-PCRs were conducted for the diagnosis of predominant bacteria (targeting 16S rDNA) and fungi (targeting ITS1-2 region). Identification of microorganisms was performed by Sanger sequencing of the PCR products and BLAST analysis. Additionally, subgingival plaque samples were collected and cultured to review the composition of the microbial flora. The McNemar test and the repeated measures anova were used for statistical analyses (significance level was set at P < 0.05). RESULTS Overall, 42/42 plaque samples had bacterial growth, whereas 32/42 gutta-percha samples had bacterial growth with a dominance of Streptococcus spp. (12/42) and Enterococcus faecalis (9/42). The mean number of bacterial taxa per gutta-percha sample was 1.6 cultivatable taxa, significantly lower than in the plaque sample that had six taxa/sample (P < 0.001). Fungus-specific cultures were negative for gutta-percha samples, and only one plaque sample had growth of a fungus. In total, 36/42 plaque samples were positive in bacterial Pan-PCRs. In bacterial Pan-PCRs of 31/42 gutta-percha samples, dominant microorganisms were identified including Streptococcus spp. (5/42) and E. faecalis (4/42). Moreover, in 7/42 gutta-percha samples, DNA of bacteria which are difficult-to-cultivate in microbiology routine culture (Acinetobacter,Pyramidobacter,Bacteroidetes,Synergistes,Atopobium and Pseudoramibacter) was found. DNA of Candida spp. was detected in 5/42 root canals by fungal Pan-PCR (1/5) and genus-specific Candida-PCR (5/5). CONCLUSIONS Pan-PCR assays remain appropriate as a broad-range approach for the detection of a dominant pathogen in gutta-percha samples which have less diverse microbial composition. The molecular genetic Pan-PCR approach has the advantage of detecting microorganisms that are as-yet-uncultivable or difficult-to-cultivate and should be therefore complement conventional microbiological diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Al-Sakati
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - S Kowollik
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - S Gabris
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - A Balasiu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - M Ommerborn
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - K Pfeffer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - B Henrich
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - W H-M Raab
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Kaboré WAD, Dembélé R, Bagré TS, Konaté A, Boisramé S, Chevalier V, Konsem T, Traoré AS, Barro N. Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Lactococcus lactis Isolated from Endodontic Infections in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Dent J (Basel) 2018; 6:dj6040069. [PMID: 30544668 PMCID: PMC6313549 DOI: 10.3390/dj6040069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to characterize and test the antimicrobial susceptibility of Lactococcus lactis isolated in endodontic infections in Burkina Faso. Material and methods: This was a prospective study conducted at the Municipal Oral Health Center of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, from June to October 2014. Clinical data were collected using a questionnaire form. The method of streaking on selective medium was used to isolate bacteria. Identification was made using the API 20 Strep gallery. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed by the diffusion method on solid medium. Results: One hundred and twenty-five (125) patients were received with a significant proportion from the age group of 19 to 40 years (55.2%). Apical periodontitis accounted for 50.4% and cellulitis for 49.6% of cases. Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis was identified in five exudate samples. Isolates were 100% resistant to cefixime and metronidazole, 80% to ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol and 60% to penicillin G, amoxicillin, amoxicillin clavulanic acid. A multidrug resistance of more than three families of antibiotics was noticed. No strains produced extended spectrum ß-lactamases. Conclusion: Lactococcus lactis is part of endodontic biofilm. The reported strong antibiotic resistance involving endodontic therapy will focus on the effect of the disinfectant solution and the mechanical action of the canal instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendpoulomdé Aimé Désiré Kaboré
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Bacteria and Viruses Transmitted by Food (LaBESTA)/Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences (CRSBAN)/Graduate School of Science and Technology (EDST), University of Ouaga I, Professor Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
- Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences (UFR/SDS), University of Ouaga I, Professor Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - René Dembélé
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Bacteria and Viruses Transmitted by Food (LaBESTA)/Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences (CRSBAN)/Graduate School of Science and Technology (EDST), University of Ouaga I, Professor Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - Touwendsida Serge Bagré
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Bacteria and Viruses Transmitted by Food (LaBESTA)/Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences (CRSBAN)/Graduate School of Science and Technology (EDST), University of Ouaga I, Professor Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - Ali Konaté
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Bacteria and Viruses Transmitted by Food (LaBESTA)/Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences (CRSBAN)/Graduate School of Science and Technology (EDST), University of Ouaga I, Professor Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - Sylvie Boisramé
- University Laboratory of Biodiversity and Microbial Ecology, EA 3882/University of Western Brittany, 22 av C. Desmoulins 29238 Brest CEDEX, France.
| | - Valérie Chevalier
- Department of Odontology Conservative and Endodontics, University of Western Brittany, 22 av C. Desmoulins 29238 Brest CEDEX, France.
| | - Tarcissus Konsem
- Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences (UFR/SDS), University of Ouaga I, Professor Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - Alfred S Traoré
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Bacteria and Viruses Transmitted by Food (LaBESTA)/Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences (CRSBAN)/Graduate School of Science and Technology (EDST), University of Ouaga I, Professor Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - Nicolas Barro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Bacteria and Viruses Transmitted by Food (LaBESTA)/Center for Research in Biological, Food and Nutritional Sciences (CRSBAN)/Graduate School of Science and Technology (EDST), University of Ouaga I, Professor Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
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Mergoni G, Percudani D, Lodi G, Bertani P, Manfredi M. Prevalence of Candida Species in Endodontic Infections: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Endod 2018; 44:1616-1625.e9. [PMID: 30241680 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Candida in endodontic infections has been investigated in a large number of studies, but its role as an endodontic pathogen is still debatable. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on the prevalence of Candida species in root canal infections. METHODS Extensive literature research was performed in the most important electronic biomedical databases, and additional studies have been identified from references from relevant articles. Studies were critically appraised using a modified version of the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. RESULTS From 2225 unique records, 2118 were excluded on the basis of title and abstract. Of the remaining 107 studies, 50 were excluded after full-text review, and 57 were included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The overall prevalence of Candida spp. in root canal infections was 8.20% (95% confidence interval, 5.56%-11.21%). Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species. Significant heterogeneity among studies was observed (P < .001, I2 = 86.07%). Subgroup analyses revealed a higher prevalence of Candida spp. from African samples. All studies considered, a high or unclear risk of bias was prevalent regarding 6 out of the 8 items considered in the critical appraisal. CONCLUSIONS Candida spp. occurred in a small proportion of root canal infections. Further and better designed research is needed to investigate the real contribution of Candida spp. to the microbial ecology in infected root canals.
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Keskin C, Demiryürek EÖ, Onuk EE. Pyrosequencing Analysis of Cryogenically Ground Samples from Primary and Secondary/Persistent Endodontic Infections. J Endod 2017; 43:1309-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Persoon IF, Crielaard W, Özok AR. Prevalence and nature of fungi in root canal infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Endod J 2017; 50:1055-1066. [PMID: 27987307 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The role of bacteria in causing apical periodontitis has been widely established, whilst the role of other microorganisms is studied less thoroughly. This systematic review and meta-analysis reviewed the literature for the prevalence and diversity of fungi in root canal infections. An extensive literature search was carried out in the Cochrane databases, EMBASE, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO and Web of Science. Additional studies were identified from six endodontic journals, four main endodontic textbooks and references of relevant papers. Selected clinical studies included sampling of necrotic pulps in permanent teeth and microbial analysis of these samples. Studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence Critical Appraisal Checklist. Meta-analysis was performed using MetaXL. The screening of 1041 titles and abstracts and full-text reading yielded 54 studies. The overall prevalence of fungi in root canal infections was 7.5% (CI 95%: 3.6-11.8%) in the inverse variance fixed effect heterogeneity model. Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species. Significant heterogeneity was observed (P < 0.001, I2 = 85.04%). Subgroup analyses based on geographical location, period of publication, type of infection, state of general health, communication with the oral cavity, type of sample and identification method revealed no factor influencing the prevalence. Better standardized techniques and a comprehensive analysis will reveal a more detailed and accurate representation of the prevalence and nature of fungi in root canal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- I F Persoon
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W Crielaard
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A R Özok
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Gerasymchuk Y, Lukowiak A, Wedzynska A, Kedziora A, Bugla-Ploskonska G, Piatek D, Bachanek T, Chernii V, Tomachynski L, Strek W. New photosensitive nanometric graphite oxide composites as antimicrobial material with prolonged action. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 159:142-8. [PMID: 26991210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A new conjugate material based on partially reduced graphite oxide (rGO), silver nanoparticles (Ag), and bis(lysinato)zirconium(IV) phthalocyanine complex (ZrPc) was obtained. Its optical properties (absorption and photoluminescence) after dispersion in solvents were examined. The antimicrobial properties were tested to determine the effect of the composite on the following bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, which are responsible for many infections and are one of the pathogens the most difficult to treatment. The results obtained for rGO-ZrPc-Ag composite were compared with the properties of GO, GO-ZrPc, and rGO-Ag structures. The influence of the near-infrared irradiation on the antimicrobial activity of ZrPc- and Ag-doped materials against bacteria was observed for very low concentration (0.32mg/mL) of GO-ZrPc to stop the growth of P. aeruginosa in comparison to the nonirradiated sample (41mg/mL). The usefulness of this material in therapy, such as wound infection treatment or endodontic treatment, as antibacterial agent with sustained action was discussed.
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